US20220029430A1 - Systems and methods for battery management - Google Patents
Systems and methods for battery management Download PDFInfo
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- US20220029430A1 US20220029430A1 US17/493,254 US202117493254A US2022029430A1 US 20220029430 A1 US20220029430 A1 US 20220029430A1 US 202117493254 A US202117493254 A US 202117493254A US 2022029430 A1 US2022029430 A1 US 2022029430A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with provisions for charging different types of batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/305—Communication interfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
- H02J7/00036—Charger exchanging data with battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/10—Air crafts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/44—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for aircrafts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
Definitions
- the disclosed embodiments relate generally to battery technology and more particularly, but not exclusively, to methods and systems for battery management on a mobile platform.
- Mobile platforms such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) can be powered using smart batteries that can manage battery charging and discharging.
- a mobile platform can use multiple smart batteries to provide sufficient operating power to the mobile platform.
- Using multiple smart batteries has multiple disadvantages, including being: (1) overly costly; (2) taking up too much space on the mobile platform; and (3) weighing down the mobile platform, thereby increasing power consumption.
- multiple smart batteries can include redundant battery management systems that are not optimized for interoperability and load balancing among the multiple smart batteries. Additionally, if the mobile platform loses connection with the smart batteries, the loss of power data can cause unreliable mobile platform operation.
- a method for managing a battery comprising: exchanging battery data between the battery and an onboard battery management system (BMS) of a mobile platform and between the battery and a charger BMS of a battery charger; and managing the battery based on the battery data.
- BMS onboard battery management system
- a system for managing charging and discharging of a battery comprising: a mobile platform comprising an onboard battery management system (BMS); and a battery charger comprising a charger BMS, wherein the onboard BMS and the charger BMS are configured to: exchange battery data with the battery; and manage the battery based on the battery data.
- BMS onboard battery management system
- a method for managing a battery of a mobile platform comprising: transmitting first initial battery data from a storage device of the battery to an onboard battery management system (BMS) of the mobile platform; receiving first updated battery data from the onboard BMS at the storage device; transmitting second initial battery data from the storage device to a charger BMS of a battery charger; and receiving second updated battery data from the charger BMS at the storage device.
- BMS onboard battery management system
- a battery comprising: a plurality of battery cells; a storage device configured to store battery data of the battery; and a battery-interface configured to: transmit first initial battery data from a storage device of the battery to an onboard battery management system (BMS) of the mobile platform; receive first updated battery data from the onboard BMS at the storage device; transmit second initial battery data from the storage device to a charger BMS of a battery charger; and receive second updated battery data from the charger BMS at the storage device.
- BMS onboard battery management system
- a method for managing discharging of a battery to power a mobile platform comprising: obtaining initial battery data from a storage device of the battery; managing discharging of the battery using an onboard battery management system (BMS) of the mobile platform based on the initial battery data; and transmitting updated battery data from the onboard BMS to the storage device.
- BMS onboard battery management system
- a mobile platform comprising: an onboard battery management system (BMS) configured to: obtain initial battery data from a storage device of a battery; manage discharging of the battery based on the initial battery data; and transmit updated battery data to the storage device.
- BMS onboard battery management system
- a method for managing charging of a battery using a battery charger comprising: obtaining initial battery data from a storage device of the battery; managing charging of the battery using a charger battery management system (BMS) of the battery charger based on the initial battery data; and transmitting updated battery data from the charger BMS to the storage device.
- BMS charger battery management system
- a battery charger comprising: a charger battery management system (BMS) configured to: obtain initial battery data from a storage device of a battery; manage charging of the battery based on the initial battery data; and transmit updated battery data to the storage device.
- BMS charger battery management system
- a method for managing discharging of a battery to power a mobile platform comprising: transmitting initial battery data from the battery to an onboard battery management system (BMS) of the mobile platform; and managing discharging of the battery using the onboard BMS based on the initial battery data.
- BMS battery management system
- a system for managing battery discharging comprising: a battery; and a mobile platform, comprising: an onboard battery management system (BMS) configured to: obtain initial battery data from the battery; and managing discharging of the battery based on the initial battery data.
- BMS onboard battery management system
- a method for managing charging of a battery using a battery charger comprising: transmitting initial battery data from the battery to a charger battery management system (BMS) of the battery charger; and managing charging of the battery using the charger BMS based on the initial battery data.
- BMS charger battery management system
- a system for managing battery charging comprising: a battery; and a battery charger comprising: a charger battery management system (BMS) configured to: obtain initial battery data from the battery; and manage charging of the battery based on the initial battery data.
- BMS charger battery management system
- FIG. 1 is an exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system including a mobile platform and a battery.
- FIG. 2 is another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is yet another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 4 is exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a battery in the smart battery systems described herein.
- FIG. 5 is exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of an onboard BMS in the smart battery systems described herein.
- FIG. 6 is exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a charger BMS in the smart battery systems described herein.
- FIG. 7 is an exemplary top-level flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method for managing the smart battery systems described herein.
- FIG. 8 is another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 9 is exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of the battery of FIG. 4 , wherein the battery includes a detector.
- FIG. 10 is exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of the onboard BMS of FIG. 5 , wherein the onboard BMS includes a protective circuit.
- FIG. 11 is another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 12 is yet another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 13 is yet another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 14 is exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of the charger BMS of FIG. 6 , wherein the charger BMS includes a protective circuit.
- FIG. 15 is exemplary decision flow chart illustrating an embodiment of the method of FIG. 7 for managing the smart battery systems described herein
- FIG. 16 is yet another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 17 is yet another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 18 is yet another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 19 is an exemplary flow chart illustrating another embodiment of the method of FIG. 7 for managing the smart battery systems described herein
- a battery typically includes multiple battery cells. Each battery cell can convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy to deliver desired voltage, current, capacity, or power density.
- a smart battery includes a battery management system (BMS) coupled to the battery cells. The BMS manages operations of the smart battery by performing a variety of selective battery cell switching and computation functions.
- BMS battery management system
- the present disclosure sets forth systems and methods for using a battery management system (BMS) aboard a mobile platform to provide power management and other functionality to batteries that power the mobile platform.
- BMS battery management system
- the present systems and methods can advantageously provide integrated management, charging, and discharging of a plurality of batteries aboard the mobile platform.
- the present systems and methods thereby improve the efficiency and reliability of battery management aboard the mobile platform and/or other battery powered systems, overcoming disadvantages of prior systems and methods.
- an exemplary smart battery system 100 as including a mobile platform 200 coupled with a battery 300 .
- exemplary mobile platform 200 that are suitable for use with the present systems and methods include, but are not limited to, bicycles, automobiles, trucks, ships, boats, trains, helicopters, aircraft, various hybrids thereof, and the like.
- the mobile platform 200 can be an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).
- UAVs can include aircraft without a human pilot (or operator) onboard the vehicle whose flight is controlled autonomously or by a remote pilot (or sometimes both).
- UAVs can now find increased usage in civilian applications involving various aerial operations, such as data-gathering or delivery.
- the present systems and methods can be suitable for battery management on many types of UAVs including, without limitation, quadcopters (also referred to a quadrotor helicopters or quad rotors), single rotor, dual rotor, trirotor, hexarotor, and octorotor rotorcraft UAVs, fixed wing UAVs, and hybrid rotorcraft-fixed wing UAVs.
- quadcopters also referred to a quadrotor helicopters or quad rotors
- single rotor single rotor
- dual rotor trirotor
- hexarotor hexarotor
- octorotor rotorcraft UAVs fixed wing UAVs
- hybrid rotorcraft-fixed wing UAVs hybrid rotorcraft-fixed wing UAVs.
- the battery 300 can be configured to deliver a predetermined voltage, current, capacity, and/or power density to the mobile platform 200 .
- the smart battery system 100 can include any number of batteries 300 , as desired.
- the battery 300 can be rechargeable.
- the battery 300 can include a predetermined number of battery modules 360 (shown in FIG. 4 ).
- the battery modules 360 can be connected in series, parallel and/or a combination of both.
- Each of the battery modules 360 can include a predetermined number of battery cells 362 (shown in FIG. 4 ).
- the battery cells 362 can be connected in series, parallel and/or a combination of both.
- FIG. 1 shows the mobile platform 200 as including an onboard battery management system (BMS) 220 .
- the onboard BMS 220 can be electrically connected with the battery 300 , so that the battery 300 can be discharged to provide electric power to the mobile platform 200 as managed by the onboard BMS 220 .
- the onboard BMS 220 can exchange battery data 320 with the battery 300 in a wired and/or wireless manner. Based on the battery data 320 , the onboard BMS 220 can determine and/or calculate status of the battery 300 to manage discharging of the battery 300 .
- FIG. 2 shows the smart battery system 100 as including a battery charger 400 coupled with the battery 300 .
- FIG. 2 shows the battery charger 400 as including a charger BMS 420 .
- the charger BMS 420 can be electrically connected with the battery 300 , so that the battery 300 can be charged by the battery charger 400 via the charger BMS 420 .
- the charger BMS 420 can exchange the battery data 320 with the battery 300 in a wired and/or wireless manner. Based on the battery data 320 , the charger BMS 420 can determine and/or calculate the status of the battery 300 to manage charging of the battery 300 .
- FIG. 3 shows the smart battery system 100 as including the mobile platform 200 and the battery charger 400 . At least one of the mobile platform 200 and the battery charger 400 can be coupled with the battery 300 .
- the battery 300 can exchange the battery data 320 with the onboard BMS 220 and/or with the charger BMS 420 .
- FIG. 3 shows both of the mobile platform 200 and the battery charger 400 being coupled with the battery 300 for illustrative purposes only, the mobile platform 200 and the battery charger 400 can be coupled with the battery 300 simultaneously and/or sequentially, without limitation.
- the battery 300 can be installed onboard the mobile platform 200 during an operation of the mobile platform 200 .
- the battery 300 can be removed and/or disconnected from the mobile platform 200 to be connected with the battery charger 400 for charging.
- the battery 300 is shown to include one or more battery modules 360 A- 360 N.
- the battery modules 360 A- 360 N can be uniform and/or different.
- FIG. 4 shows the battery module 360 A as including one or more battery cells 362 a - 362 m.
- the battery cells 362 a - 362 m can be uniform and/or different.
- the 362 a - 362 m can include any type of battery cells, including, but not limited to, lead-acid cells, lithium air cells, lithium-ion cells, nickel-cadmium cells, nickel-metal hydrogen cells, and/or the like. At least one of the battery cells 362 a - 362 m can be rechargeable.
- FIG. 4 shows one battery module 360 A as including the battery cells 362 a - 362 m for illustrative purposes only, each of the battery modules 360 A- 360 N can include any number of uniform and/or different battery cells 362 , without limitation.
- the number of battery cells 362 of the battery modules 360 A- 360 N can be uniform and/or different.
- FIG. 4 shows the battery 300 as including a storage device 340 .
- the storage device 340 can be used for storing the battery data 320 (shown in FIGS. 1-3 ) received at the battery 300 .
- An exemplary storage device 340 can include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, and/or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices.
- the storage device 340 can include a random access memory (RAM), static RAM, dynamic RAM, non-volatile random-access memory (NVRAM), ferroelectric memory, read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM, erasable programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, secure digital (SD) card, or a combination thereof.
- RAM random access memory
- NVRAM non-volatile random-access memory
- ferroelectric memory read-only memory
- ROM read-only memory
- EEPROM electrically erasable programmable ROM
- flash memory secure digital (SD) card, or a combination thereof.
- SD secure digital
- the onboard BMS 220 can include a processor 222 .
- the processor 222 can be programmed or otherwise configured for performing data acquisition, data processing, and/or any other functions and operations described herein for managing the battery 300 .
- the processor 222 can include one or more general purpose microprocessors (for example, single and/or multi-core processors), application-specific integrated circuits, application-specific instruction-set processors, physics processing units, digital signal processing units, coprocessors, network processing units, encryption processing units, and/or the like.
- the onboard BMS 220 can include any suitable number of uniform and/or different processor 222 .
- An exemplary processor 222 can incorporate the functions of a central processing unit (CPU) implemented on one or more integrated circuits.
- the processor 222 can include an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and/or a control logic section.
- the ALU can perform operations such as mathematical calculations and logic operations such as AND or OR.
- the control logic section can retrieve instruction operation codes from a memory 224 and initiate a sequence of operations of the ALU required to carry out the instruction.
- the processor 222 can be a multipurpose and/or programmable device that accepts the battery data 320 (shown in FIG. 2 ), processes the battery data 320 , and provides results as output.
- the processor 222 can be coupled with one or more switch devices (not shown).
- the processor 222 can generate one or more control signals (not shown) for actuating the switch devices.
- the switch devices can be selectively turned on/off according to the control signals. For example, a selected control signal can be provided to two or more of the switch devices, and/or a selected switch device can receive two or more of the control signals.
- An exemplary switch device can include a solid-state switch and/or a solid-state relay each including one or more semiconductor devices.
- Exemplary semiconductor devices can include diodes, thyristors, and/or transistors such as bipolar transistors or metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs).
- a selected switch device can be used for switching on and/or off selected terminals of the battery module 360 (shown in FIG. 4 ) and/or of the battery cell 362 (shown in FIG. 4 ).
- the switches can selectively connect the battery module 360 and/or the battery cells 362 in series, parallel and/or a combination of both, for the battery 300 to deliver a predetermined voltage, current, capacity, and/or power density.
- the processor 222 can be coupled directly with the switch devices and/or indirectly via one or more intermediate system components of the battery management system 100 .
- Exemplary intermediate system components can include one or more driver circuits (not shown) for boosting the control signals generated by the processor 222 .
- the driver circuit can isolate the ALU and/or control logic section from the switch devices, detect malfunctions, store and report failures to the processor 222 , serving as a precaution against failure and/or creating auxiliary voltages.
- the processor 222 can be at least partially integrated with one or more of the switch devices.
- FIG. 5 shows the onboard BMS 220 as including a memory 224 .
- the processor 222 can run (and/or execute) various software programs and/or sets of instructions stored in the memory 224 to perform various functions of the onboard BMS 220 .
- the memory 120 can include any (non-transitory) computer-readable storage medium.
- An exemplary memory 224 can be provided in a similar manner as the storage device 340 (shown in FIG. 4 ).
- the processor 222 can communicate with the memory 224 , for example, wirelessly and/or using hardware connectors and buses. Although one memory 224 is shown in FIG. 5 , the onboard BMS 220 can include any number of uniform and/or different memories 224 .
- the charger BMS 420 can include a processor 422 and/or a memory 424 .
- An exemplary processor 422 can be provided in a similar manner as the processor 222 (shown in FIG. 5 ).
- An exemplary memory 424 can be provided in a similar manner as the memory 224 (shown in FIG. 5 ).
- the processor 422 can run (and/or execute) various software programs and/or sets of instructions stored in the memory 424 to perform various functions of the charger BMS 420 .
- FIG. 7 an exemplary method 500 for managing the battery 300 is shown.
- Battery data 320 are exchanged, at 510 , between the battery 300 and the onboard BMS 220 of the mobile platform 200 and between the battery 300 and the charger BMS 420 of the battery charger 400 .
- the battery 300 is managed, at 520 , based on the battery data 320 .
- the mobile platform 200 can manage the battery 300 based on the battery data 320 exchanged between the battery 300 and the onboard BMS 220 .
- the battery charger 400 can manage the battery 300 based on the battery data 320 exchanged between the battery 300 and the charger BMS 420 .
- the method 500 can overcome disadvantages of existing mobile platforms that use one or more smart battery.
- a typical BMS can be expensive, which results in high cost of a smart battery.
- the BMS has large volume and heavy weight, so travel time of a mobile platform using a smart battery can be shortened.
- the BMS can consume electrical power and thus waste capacity of a smart battery.
- controlling of a mobile platform needs battery data obtained from the BMS of the smart battery.
- a plurality of smart batteries (for example, greater than three smart batteries) need to be situated on the mobile platform, with each smart battery including a BMS. Such redundancy can increase cost of operating the mobile platform, while performance of the mobile platform and the smart battery is not improved.
- the battery 300 does not require a BMS.
- the onboard BMS 220 and/or the charger BMS 420 can be located on the mobile platform 200 and the battery charger 400 , respectively.
- cost of the battery 300 can be significantly reduced.
- the battery 300 can be configured to include more battery cells to increase capacity without significantly impacting cost.
- Adding the onboard BMS 220 can be achieved by expanding a control system of the mobile platform 200 , and such expansion usually does not introduce significant weight increase and/or volume increase for the mobile platform 200 , so travel time of the mobile platform 200 can be extended.
- electrical power consumed by the storage device 340 can be negligible, so capacity waste of the battery 300 can be significantly reduced.
- the onboard BMS 220 can process the battery data 320 on the mobile platform 200 , so the problem of interrupted communication between a smart battery and the mobile platform can be circumvented. Safety and reliability of operating the mobile platform 200 can be advantageously improved. Still further, the smart battery system 100 shown in FIG. 3 can include two just BMS total. Compared with existing systems requiring multiple smart batteries each including a BMS, the total number of BMS can be reduced, resulting in reduced manufacturing cost.
- the battery 300 is shown as transmitting initial battery data 322 to the mobile platform 200 .
- the initial battery data 322 can include battery data 320 that are stored on the battery 300 prior to discharging and/or charging.
- the battery 300 can transmit the initial battery data 320 to the onboard BMS 220 .
- the onboard BMS 220 can use the initial battery data 320 for identifying the battery 300 and/or assessing status of the battery 300 .
- Exemplary initial battery data 322 can include identification and/or specification of the battery 300 .
- Exemplary identification can include a unique identifier, serial number, model number, manufacturer, and/or manufacture date of the battery 300 .
- the initial battery data 322 can include status (and/or operation parameters) of the battery 300 .
- Exemplary status can include current capacity, maximum capacity, voltage, current, internal resistance, temperature, number of charge-discharge cycles, and/or remaining lifetime of the battery 300 .
- the battery 300 is shown as including at least one detector 380 coupled with the battery modules 360 and/or the battery cells 362 .
- the detector 130 can include a sensor (not shown) for sensing a status of the battery 300 .
- Exemplary status of the battery 300 can include the status of the battery modules 360 , the battery cells 362 , or a combination thereof.
- the detector 130 can be used for sensing status such as current capacity, maximum capacity, voltage, current, internal resistance, temperature and/or remaining lifetime of the battery 300 . Additionally and/or alternatively, the detector 130 can obtain other statuses associated with the battery 300 .
- Exemplary statuses can include, but are not limited to, state of charge (SOC), depth of discharge (DOD), state of health (SOH), impedance, conductance, self-discharge, ability to accept a charge, and/or coolant flow if the battery 300 is air or fluid cooled.
- SOC state of charge
- DOD depth of discharge
- SOH state of health
- impedance impedance
- conductance conductance
- self-discharge ability to accept a charge
- coolant flow if the battery 300 is air or fluid cooled.
- the detector 130 can be in communication with the onboard BMS 220 (shown in FIG. 1 ). Upon being instructed by the onboard BMS 220 , the detector 130 can collect the status of the battery 300 and transmit the same to the onboard BMS 220 . Based on the status of the battery 300 collected by the detector 130 , the onboard BMS 220 can perform any calculation needed for obtain the status of the battery 300 . Thus, the onboard BMS 220 can monitor the status of the battery 300 during the discharging.
- the battery 300 can include any suitable number of uniform and/or different detectors 130 . Additionally and/or alternatively, the detector 130 can be at least partially located on the mobile platform 200 and/or integrated with the onboard BMS 220 . In that case, the detector 130 can measure certain parameters (such as current and/or voltage) via electrical connection with the battery 300 when the battery 300 is coupled with the mobile platform 200 .
- the onboard BMS 220 is shown as including a protective circuit 226 in communication with the processor 222 .
- the protective circuit 226 can be at least partially integrated with the processor 222 .
- Exemplary protective circuit 226 can include one or more switch devices (not shown) triggered by control signals (not shown) from the processor 222 .
- the protective circuit 226 can protect the battery 300 during discharging upon detection of an abnormal battery status. For example, upon detection of the abnormal battery status of the battery modules 360 (shown in FIG. 4 ) and/or the battery cells 362 (shown in FIG. 4 ), the protective circuit 226 can selectively disconnect, isolate, and/or bypass the battery module 360 , the battery cell 362 , and/or the battery 300 .
- safety of discharging the battery 300 can be improved.
- An abnormal battery status can include any out-of-tolerance ambient and/or operating conditions that can result in failure of the battery 300 and/or the mobile platform 200 .
- Exemplary abnormal battery status can include an abnormally high temperature, an abnormally high current, an abnormally low voltage, a short circuit, and/or an overcharging of the battery 300 .
- the onboard BMS 220 can determine existence of the abnormal battery status using any predetermined criteria. Exemplary criteria can be at least partially based on specification of the battery 300 .
- the initial battery data 320 (shown in FIG. 8 ) can include such specification.
- such specification can be stored and/or indexed on the onboard BMS 220 , so the onboard BMS 220 can retrieve the specification according to the identification of the battery 300 .
- updated battery data 324 is shown as being received from the onboard BMS 220 at the battery 300 .
- the updated battery data 324 can include the battery data 320 that are updated (and/or refreshed) by the onboard BMS 220 .
- the onboard BMS 220 can monitor and/or determine updated status of the battery 300 and generate the updated battery data 324 accordingly.
- Exemplary updated battery data 324 can include the current capacity, maximum capacity, voltage, current, internal resistance, temperature, number of charge-discharge cycles, and/or remaining lifetime of the battery 300 .
- the onboard BMS 220 can transmit the updated battery data 324 to the battery 300 for the updated battery data 324 to be stored on the battery 300 .
- the onboard BMS 220 can transmit the updated battery data 324 to the battery 300 in any suitable manner.
- the onboard BMS 220 can transmit the updated battery data 324 to the battery 300 at a predetermined and/or dynamically-variable frequency.
- the onboard BMS 220 can transmit the updated battery data 324 to the battery 300 in real time, so the battery 300 can advantageously receive the updated battery data 324 in a timely manner.
- the mobile platform 200 is shown as being placed in communication with the battery 300 .
- the mobile platform 200 can be placed in communication with the battery 300 prior to discharging the battery 300 .
- the battery 300 can include a battery interface 380 in communication with the storage device 340 .
- the exemplary battery interface 380 can include universal serial bus (USB), digital visual interface (DVI), display port, serial ATA (SATA), IEEE 1394 interface (also known as FireWire), serial, video graphics array (VGA), super video graphics array (SVGA), small computer system interface (SCSI), high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI), audio ports, parallel communication interface, series communication interface, differential communication interface, analog interface (to collecting analog data for analog/digital conversion), and/or proprietary input/output interfaces.
- the battery interface 380 can operate as a channel to transmit the battery data 320 between the battery 300 and the mobile platform 200 .
- the battery interface 380 can include an electrical connection for coupling the battery 300 with the mobile platform 200 to discharge the battery 300 .
- FIG. 12 shows the mobile platform 200 as including an onboard-BMS-interface 240 in communication with the onboard BMS 220 .
- the onboard-BMS-interface 240 can be provided in a similar manner as the battery interface 380 .
- the onboard-BMS-interface 240 can operate as a channel for the battery data 320 to be transmitted between the mobile platform 200 and the battery 300 .
- the onboard-BMS-interface 240 can include an electrical connection for coupling the mobile platform 200 with the battery 300 to discharge the battery 300 .
- the battery interface 380 can be connected with the onboard-BMS-interface 240 .
- the battery interface 380 can be connected with the onboard-BMS-interface 240 physically and/or in wired manner.
- the battery interface 380 can be connected with the onboard-BMS-interface 240 interface using a serial port, a parallel port, or a combination thereof
- the battery interface 380 can be connected with the onboard-BMS-interface 240 remotely and/or wirelessly.
- Exemplary wireless methods can include radio, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), cellular, satellite, and/or broadcasting.
- WiFi Wireless Fidelity
- the battery interface 380 can be connected with the onboard-BMS-interface 240 interface using Bluetooth, WiFi, near field communication (NFC), or a combination thereof.
- the battery 300 is shown as transmitting the initial battery data 322 to the battery charger 400 .
- the battery 300 can transmit the initial battery data 320 to the charger BMS 420 .
- the charger BMS 420 can use the initial battery data 320 for identifying the battery 300 and/or assessing status of the battery 300 .
- the detector 130 (shown in FIG. 9 ) of the battery 300 can be in communication with the charger BMS 420 .
- the detector 130 can collect the status of the battery 300 and transmit the same to the charger BMS 420 .
- the charger BMS 420 can perform any calculation needed for obtain the status of the battery 300 .
- the charger BMS 420 can monitor the status of the battery 300 during the charging.
- the detector 130 can be at least partially located on the battery charger 400 and/or integrated with the charger BMS 420 . In that case, the detector 130 can measure certain parameters (such as current and/or voltage) via electrical connection with the battery 300 when the battery 300 is coupled with the battery charger 400 .
- the charger BMS 420 is shown as including a protective circuit 426 in communication with the processor 622 .
- the protective circuit 426 can be at least partially integrated with the processor 622 .
- Exemplary protective circuit 426 can include one or more switch devices (not shown) triggered by control signals (not shown) from the processor 422 .
- the protective circuit 426 can protect the battery 300 during the charging upon detection of an abnormal battery status. Upon detection of the abnormal battery status of the battery modules 360 (shown in FIG. 4 ) and/or the battery cells 362 (shown in FIG. 4 ), the protective circuit 426 can selectively disconnect power input from the battery module 360 , the battery cell 362 , and/or the battery 300 . Advantageously, safety of charging the battery 300 can be improved.
- the charger BMS 420 can determine existence of the abnormal battery status using any predetermined criteria. Exemplary criteria can be at least partially based on specification of the battery 300 . In one example, the initial battery data 320 (shown in FIG. 13 ) can include such specification. In another example, such specification can be stored on the charger BMS 420 , so the charger BMS 420 can retrieve the specification according to the identification of the battery 300 .
- the charger BMS 420 can be configured to balance the battery 300 during the charging.
- balancing the battery 300 can include balancing the battery cells 362 within one battery module 360 and/or balancing the battery cells 362 across different battery modules 360 .
- balancing the battery 300 can include balancing the battery modules 360 .
- the charger BMS 420 can be configured to balance the battery cells 362 in any suitable and/or customized manner.
- FIG. 15 shows an exemplary flow chart of a method 600 for balancing the battery 300 (shown in FIG. 4 ) during the charging.
- a voltage difference ⁇ V between two battery cells 362 (shown in FIG. 4 ) can be compared, at 610 , with a target voltage difference V BALC .
- a capacity difference ⁇ Q between two battery cells 362 can be compared with a target capacity difference Q BALC .
- the battery cells 362 can be charged sequentially, at 920 .
- the charger BMS 420 (shown in FIG. 2 ) can charge the battery cells 362 having a lower voltage and/or capacity prior to charging other battery cells 362 .
- the voltage difference ⁇ V is not greater than the target voltage difference V BALC
- the capacity difference ⁇ Q is not greater than the target capacity difference Q BALC , that is:
- the battery cells 362 can be charged simultaneously, at 630 .
- the method 600 can be implemented on selected battery cells 362 or all battery cells 362 to determine the order of charging. Stated somewhat differently, based on the method 600 , the charger BMS 420 can first charge battery cells 362 having the lowest voltages and/or capacities. When the voltages and/or capacities increase due to the discharging, battery cells 362 having the second lowest voltages and/or capacities can join the charging. At the last stage of charging, the battery cells 362 of highest voltage and/or capacities can join the charging. Thus, after the charging, voltage and/or capacity difference between at least some of the battery cells 362 can be small. The charging can thus balance the battery cells 362 .
- method 600 can be implemented similarly for balancing between battery modules 360 (shown in FIG. 4 ).
- Values of the target voltage difference V BALC and/or the target capacity difference Q BALC can be predetermined accordingly based on whether comparison is between the battery cells 362 or between the battery modules 360 .
- the charger BMS 420 can optimize charging of the battery 300 based on any selected customized criteria.
- a conventional charger typically charges a smart battery without intelligent charging function. That is, all battery cells are charged simultaneously. Weak batteries battery cells are likely to be over-charged. The higher voltage of weak battery cells at charge completion can lead to accelerated capacity degradation. Weak battery cells can be weakened further by continuous overcharge cycles.
- weak battery cells 362 can be balanced with other battery cells 362 at full charge termination. Over-charge damage can be advantageously prevented. Longevity of the battery 300 can thus be increased.
- FIG. 16 illustrates updated battery data 324 as being received from the charger BMS 420 at the battery 300 .
- the updated battery data 324 can include the battery data 320 that are updated by the charger BMS 420 .
- the charger BMS 420 can monitor and/or determine updated status of the battery 300 and generate the updated battery data 324 accordingly.
- the charger BMS 420 can transmit the updated battery data 324 to the battery 300 for the updated battery data 324 to be stored on the battery 300 .
- the charger BMS 420 can transmit the updated battery data 324 to the battery 300 in any suitable manner.
- the charger BMS 420 can transmit the updated battery data 324 to the battery 300 at a predetermined and/or dynamically-variable frequency.
- the charger BMS 420 can transmit the updated battery data 324 to the battery 300 in real time, so the battery 300 can advantageously receive the updated battery data 324 in a timely manner.
- the battery charger 400 is shown as being placed in communication with the battery 300 .
- the battery charger 400 can be placed in communication with the battery 300 prior to charging the battery 300 .
- the battery 300 can include the battery interface 380 in communication with the storage device 340 .
- the battery interface 380 can operate as a channel for the battery data 320 to transmit between the battery 300 and the battery charger 400 .
- the battery interface 380 can include an electrical connection for coupling the battery 300 with the battery charger 400 to charge the battery 300 .
- FIG. 17 shows the battery charger 400 as including a charger-BMS-interface 440 in communication with the charger BMS 420 .
- the charger-BMS-interface 440 can be provided in a similar manner as the onboard-BMS-interface 240 (shown in FIG. 12 ).
- the charger-BMS-interface 440 can operate as a channel for the battery data 320 to transmit between the battery charger 400 and the battery 300 .
- the charger-BMS-interface 440 can include an electrical connection for coupling the battery charger 400 with the battery 300 to charge the battery 300 .
- the battery interface 380 can be connected with the charger-BMS-interface 440 .
- the battery interface 380 can be connected with the charger-BMS-interface 440 physically and/or in wired manner.
- the battery interface 380 can be connected with the charger-BMS-interface 440 interface using a serial port, a parallel port, or a combination thereof.
- the battery interface 380 can be connected with the charger-BMS-interface 440 remotely and/or wirelessly.
- Exemplary methods for wireless connection can include radio, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), cellular, satellite, and/or broadcasting.
- WiFi Wireless Fidelity
- the battery interface 380 can be connected with the charger-BMS-interface 440 interface using Bluetooth, WiFi, near field communication (NFC), or a combination thereof.
- NFC near field communication
- FIG. 18 shows the smart battery system 100 as including the mobile platform 200 and the battery charger 400 . At least one of the mobile platform 200 and the battery charger 400 can be coupled with the battery 300 .
- the battery 300 can transmit the initial battery data 322 to the mobile platform 200 and/or the battery charger 400 .
- the initial battery data 322 can include first initial battery data 322 A transmitted to the mobile platform 200 and/or second initial battery data 322 B transmitted to the battery charger 400 .
- the battery 300 can receive the updated battery data 324 from the mobile platform 200 and/or the battery charger 400 .
- the updated battery data 324 can include first updated battery data 324 A received from the mobile platform 200 and/or second updated battery data 324 B received from the battery charger 400 .
- FIG. 18 shows both of the mobile platform 200 and the battery charger 400 being coupled with the battery 300 for illustrative purposes only, the mobile platform 200 and the battery charger 400 can be coupled with the battery 300 simultaneously and/or sequentially.
- the battery 300 can transmit the first initial battery data 322 A and/or the second initial battery data 322 B simultaneously and/or sequentially.
- the battery 300 can receive the first updated battery data 324 A and/or the second updated battery data 324 B simultaneously and/or sequentially.
- FIG. 19 an exemplary method 700 for managing the battery 300 is shown.
- the method 700 can be implemented by the battery 300 .
- the first initial battery data 322 A are transmitted, at 710 , from the storage device 340 of the battery 300 to the onboard BMS 220 of the mobile platform 200 .
- the first initial battery data 322 A can be transmitted in a similar manner as transmitting of the initial battery data 320 as shown in FIG. 8 .
- the first updated battery data 324 A are received, at 720 , from the onboard BMS 220 at the storage device 340 .
- the first updated battery data 324 A can be received in a similar manner as transmitting of the updated battery data 324 as shown in FIG. 11 .
- the second initial battery data 322 B are transmitted, at 730 , from the storage device 340 to the charger BMS 420 of the battery charger 400 .
- the second initial battery data 322 B can be transmitted in a similar manner as transmitting of the initial battery data 320 shown in FIG. 13 .
- the second updated battery data 324 B are received, at 740 , from the charger BMS 420 at the storage device 340 .
- the second updated battery data 324 B can be received in a similar manner as transmitting of the updated battery data 324 as shown in FIG. 16 .
- FIG. 19 shows 710 and 720 as being implemented prior to 730 and 740 for illustrative purposes only, 730 and/or 740 can be implemented prior to, and/or simultaneously with, 710 and/or 720 , without limitation.
- the battery 300 can first be connected with the battery charger 400 for charging, by implementing 730 and/or 740 .
- the charged battery 300 can then be connected with the mobile platform 200 to power the mobile platform 200 , by implementing 710 and/or 720 .
Abstract
Description
- This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/246,656, filed on Jan. 14, 2019, which is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/CN2016/089821, filed on Jul. 12, 2016, the entire contents of both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material which is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.
- The disclosed embodiments relate generally to battery technology and more particularly, but not exclusively, to methods and systems for battery management on a mobile platform.
- Mobile platforms, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), can be powered using smart batteries that can manage battery charging and discharging. In many instances, a mobile platform can use multiple smart batteries to provide sufficient operating power to the mobile platform. Using multiple smart batteries, however, has multiple disadvantages, including being: (1) overly costly; (2) taking up too much space on the mobile platform; and (3) weighing down the mobile platform, thereby increasing power consumption. Furthermore, multiple smart batteries can include redundant battery management systems that are not optimized for interoperability and load balancing among the multiple smart batteries. Additionally, if the mobile platform loses connection with the smart batteries, the loss of power data can cause unreliable mobile platform operation.
- In view of the foregoing, there is a need for methods and systems for battery management aboard mobile platforms overcome the disadvantages of currently methods and systems.
- In accordance with a first aspect disclosed herein, there is set forth a method for managing a battery, comprising: exchanging battery data between the battery and an onboard battery management system (BMS) of a mobile platform and between the battery and a charger BMS of a battery charger; and managing the battery based on the battery data.
- In accordance with another aspect disclosed herein, there is set forth a system for managing charging and discharging of a battery, comprising: a mobile platform comprising an onboard battery management system (BMS); and a battery charger comprising a charger BMS, wherein the onboard BMS and the charger BMS are configured to: exchange battery data with the battery; and manage the battery based on the battery data.
- In accordance with another aspect disclosed herein, there is set forth a method for managing a battery of a mobile platform, comprising: transmitting first initial battery data from a storage device of the battery to an onboard battery management system (BMS) of the mobile platform; receiving first updated battery data from the onboard BMS at the storage device; transmitting second initial battery data from the storage device to a charger BMS of a battery charger; and receiving second updated battery data from the charger BMS at the storage device.
- In accordance with another aspect disclosed herein, there is set forth a battery, comprising: a plurality of battery cells; a storage device configured to store battery data of the battery; and a battery-interface configured to: transmit first initial battery data from a storage device of the battery to an onboard battery management system (BMS) of the mobile platform; receive first updated battery data from the onboard BMS at the storage device; transmit second initial battery data from the storage device to a charger BMS of a battery charger; and receive second updated battery data from the charger BMS at the storage device.
- In accordance with another aspect disclosed herein, there is set forth a method for managing discharging of a battery to power a mobile platform, comprising: obtaining initial battery data from a storage device of the battery; managing discharging of the battery using an onboard battery management system (BMS) of the mobile platform based on the initial battery data; and transmitting updated battery data from the onboard BMS to the storage device.
- In accordance with another aspect disclosed herein, there is set forth a mobile platform, comprising: an onboard battery management system (BMS) configured to: obtain initial battery data from a storage device of a battery; manage discharging of the battery based on the initial battery data; and transmit updated battery data to the storage device.
- In accordance with another aspect disclosed herein, there is set forth a method for managing charging of a battery using a battery charger, comprising: obtaining initial battery data from a storage device of the battery; managing charging of the battery using a charger battery management system (BMS) of the battery charger based on the initial battery data; and transmitting updated battery data from the charger BMS to the storage device.
- In accordance with another aspect disclosed herein, there is set forth a battery charger, comprising: a charger battery management system (BMS) configured to: obtain initial battery data from a storage device of a battery; manage charging of the battery based on the initial battery data; and transmit updated battery data to the storage device.
- In accordance with another aspect disclosed herein, there is set forth a method for managing discharging of a battery to power a mobile platform, comprising: transmitting initial battery data from the battery to an onboard battery management system (BMS) of the mobile platform; and managing discharging of the battery using the onboard BMS based on the initial battery data.
- In accordance with another aspect disclosed herein, there is set forth a system for managing battery discharging, comprising: a battery; and a mobile platform, comprising: an onboard battery management system (BMS) configured to: obtain initial battery data from the battery; and managing discharging of the battery based on the initial battery data.
- In accordance with another aspect disclosed herein, there is set forth a method for managing charging of a battery using a battery charger, comprising: transmitting initial battery data from the battery to a charger battery management system (BMS) of the battery charger; and managing charging of the battery using the charger BMS based on the initial battery data.
- In accordance with another aspect disclosed herein, there is set forth a system for managing battery charging, comprising: a battery; and a battery charger comprising: a charger battery management system (BMS) configured to: obtain initial battery data from the battery; and manage charging of the battery based on the initial battery data.
-
FIG. 1 is an exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system including a mobile platform and a battery. -
FIG. 2 is another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is yet another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 4 is exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a battery in the smart battery systems described herein. -
FIG. 5 is exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of an onboard BMS in the smart battery systems described herein. -
FIG. 6 is exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a charger BMS in the smart battery systems described herein. -
FIG. 7 is an exemplary top-level flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method for managing the smart battery systems described herein. -
FIG. 8 is another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 9 is exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of the battery ofFIG. 4 , wherein the battery includes a detector. -
FIG. 10 is exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of the onboard BMS ofFIG. 5 , wherein the onboard BMS includes a protective circuit. -
FIG. 11 is another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 12 is yet another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 13 is yet another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 14 is exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of the charger BMS ofFIG. 6 , wherein the charger BMS includes a protective circuit. -
FIG. 15 is exemplary decision flow chart illustrating an embodiment of the method ofFIG. 7 for managing the smart battery systems described herein -
FIG. 16 is yet another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 17 is yet another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 18 is yet another exemplary diagram illustrating an embodiment of a smart battery system in accordance with the smart battery system ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 19 is an exemplary flow chart illustrating another embodiment of the method ofFIG. 7 for managing the smart battery systems described herein - It should be noted that the figures are not drawn to scale and that elements of similar structures or functions are generally represented by like reference numerals for illustrative purposes throughout the figures. It also should be noted that the figures are only intended to facilitate the description of the embodiments. The figures do not illustrate every aspect of the described embodiments and do not limit the scope of the present disclosure.
- A battery typically includes multiple battery cells. Each battery cell can convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy to deliver desired voltage, current, capacity, or power density. A smart battery includes a battery management system (BMS) coupled to the battery cells. The BMS manages operations of the smart battery by performing a variety of selective battery cell switching and computation functions.
- The present disclosure sets forth systems and methods for using a battery management system (BMS) aboard a mobile platform to provide power management and other functionality to batteries that power the mobile platform. The present systems and methods can advantageously provide integrated management, charging, and discharging of a plurality of batteries aboard the mobile platform. The present systems and methods thereby improve the efficiency and reliability of battery management aboard the mobile platform and/or other battery powered systems, overcoming disadvantages of prior systems and methods.
- Turning now to
FIG. 1 , an exemplary smart battery system 100 as including amobile platform 200 coupled with abattery 300. Exemplarymobile platform 200 that are suitable for use with the present systems and methods include, but are not limited to, bicycles, automobiles, trucks, ships, boats, trains, helicopters, aircraft, various hybrids thereof, and the like. In some embodiments, themobile platform 200 can be an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Colloquially referred to as “drones,” UAVs can include aircraft without a human pilot (or operator) onboard the vehicle whose flight is controlled autonomously or by a remote pilot (or sometimes both). UAVs can now find increased usage in civilian applications involving various aerial operations, such as data-gathering or delivery. The present systems and methods can be suitable for battery management on many types of UAVs including, without limitation, quadcopters (also referred to a quadrotor helicopters or quad rotors), single rotor, dual rotor, trirotor, hexarotor, and octorotor rotorcraft UAVs, fixed wing UAVs, and hybrid rotorcraft-fixed wing UAVs. - The
battery 300 can be configured to deliver a predetermined voltage, current, capacity, and/or power density to themobile platform 200. Although asingle battery 300 is shown inFIG. 1 for illustrative purposes, the smart battery system 100 can include any number ofbatteries 300, as desired. In some embodiments, thebattery 300 can be rechargeable. Thebattery 300 can include a predetermined number of battery modules 360 (shown inFIG. 4 ). Optionally, thebattery modules 360 can be connected in series, parallel and/or a combination of both. Each of thebattery modules 360 can include a predetermined number of battery cells 362 (shown inFIG. 4 ). Optionally, thebattery cells 362 can be connected in series, parallel and/or a combination of both. -
FIG. 1 shows themobile platform 200 as including an onboard battery management system (BMS) 220. Theonboard BMS 220 can be electrically connected with thebattery 300, so that thebattery 300 can be discharged to provide electric power to themobile platform 200 as managed by theonboard BMS 220. Theonboard BMS 220 can exchangebattery data 320 with thebattery 300 in a wired and/or wireless manner. Based on thebattery data 320, theonboard BMS 220 can determine and/or calculate status of thebattery 300 to manage discharging of thebattery 300. - Turning to
FIG. 2 , another embodiment of the exemplary smart battery system 100 is shown.FIG. 2 shows the smart battery system 100 as including abattery charger 400 coupled with thebattery 300.FIG. 2 shows thebattery charger 400 as including acharger BMS 420. Thecharger BMS 420 can be electrically connected with thebattery 300, so that thebattery 300 can be charged by thebattery charger 400 via thecharger BMS 420. Thecharger BMS 420 can exchange thebattery data 320 with thebattery 300 in a wired and/or wireless manner. Based on thebattery data 320, thecharger BMS 420 can determine and/or calculate the status of thebattery 300 to manage charging of thebattery 300. - Turning to
FIG. 3 , another alternative embodiment of the smart battery system 100 is shown.FIG. 3 shows the smart battery system 100 as including themobile platform 200 and thebattery charger 400. At least one of themobile platform 200 and thebattery charger 400 can be coupled with thebattery 300. Thebattery 300 can exchange thebattery data 320 with theonboard BMS 220 and/or with thecharger BMS 420. - Although
FIG. 3 shows both of themobile platform 200 and thebattery charger 400 being coupled with thebattery 300 for illustrative purposes only, themobile platform 200 and thebattery charger 400 can be coupled with thebattery 300 simultaneously and/or sequentially, without limitation. For example, thebattery 300 can be installed onboard themobile platform 200 during an operation of themobile platform 200. Thebattery 300 can be removed and/or disconnected from themobile platform 200 to be connected with thebattery charger 400 for charging. - Turning to
FIG. 4 , thebattery 300 is shown to include one ormore battery modules 360A-360N. Thebattery modules 360A-360N can be uniform and/or different.FIG. 4 shows thebattery module 360A as including one ormore battery cells 362 a-362 m. Thebattery cells 362 a-362 m can be uniform and/or different. The 362 a-362 m can include any type of battery cells, including, but not limited to, lead-acid cells, lithium air cells, lithium-ion cells, nickel-cadmium cells, nickel-metal hydrogen cells, and/or the like. At least one of thebattery cells 362 a-362 m can be rechargeable. - Although
FIG. 4 shows onebattery module 360A as including thebattery cells 362 a-362 m for illustrative purposes only, each of thebattery modules 360A-360N can include any number of uniform and/ordifferent battery cells 362, without limitation. The number ofbattery cells 362 of thebattery modules 360A-360N can be uniform and/or different. -
FIG. 4 shows thebattery 300 as including astorage device 340. Thestorage device 340 can be used for storing the battery data 320 (shown inFIGS. 1-3 ) received at thebattery 300. Anexemplary storage device 340 can include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, and/or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices. Additionally and/or alternatively, thestorage device 340 can include a random access memory (RAM), static RAM, dynamic RAM, non-volatile random-access memory (NVRAM), ferroelectric memory, read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM, erasable programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, secure digital (SD) card, or a combination thereof. Although onestorage device 340 is shown inFIG. 4 , thebattery 300 can include any number of uniform and/ordifferent storage devices 340, without limitation. - Turning to
FIG. 5 , an exemplaryonboard BMS 220 is shown. Theonboard BMS 220 can include aprocessor 222. Theprocessor 222 can be programmed or otherwise configured for performing data acquisition, data processing, and/or any other functions and operations described herein for managing thebattery 300. Without limitation, theprocessor 222 can include one or more general purpose microprocessors (for example, single and/or multi-core processors), application-specific integrated circuits, application-specific instruction-set processors, physics processing units, digital signal processing units, coprocessors, network processing units, encryption processing units, and/or the like. Although described as including asingle processor 222 for purposes of illustration only, theonboard BMS 220 can include any suitable number of uniform and/ordifferent processor 222. - An
exemplary processor 222 can incorporate the functions of a central processing unit (CPU) implemented on one or more integrated circuits. For example, theprocessor 222 can include an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and/or a control logic section. The ALU can perform operations such as mathematical calculations and logic operations such as AND or OR. The control logic section can retrieve instruction operation codes from amemory 224 and initiate a sequence of operations of the ALU required to carry out the instruction. Thus, theprocessor 222 can be a multipurpose and/or programmable device that accepts the battery data 320 (shown inFIG. 2 ), processes thebattery data 320, and provides results as output. - Additionally and/or alternatively, the
processor 222 can be coupled with one or more switch devices (not shown). Theprocessor 222, for example, can generate one or more control signals (not shown) for actuating the switch devices. The switch devices can be selectively turned on/off according to the control signals. For example, a selected control signal can be provided to two or more of the switch devices, and/or a selected switch device can receive two or more of the control signals. - An exemplary switch device can include a solid-state switch and/or a solid-state relay each including one or more semiconductor devices. Exemplary semiconductor devices can include diodes, thyristors, and/or transistors such as bipolar transistors or metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). A selected switch device can be used for switching on and/or off selected terminals of the battery module 360 (shown in
FIG. 4 ) and/or of the battery cell 362 (shown inFIG. 4 ). Thus, the switches can selectively connect thebattery module 360 and/or thebattery cells 362 in series, parallel and/or a combination of both, for thebattery 300 to deliver a predetermined voltage, current, capacity, and/or power density. - The
processor 222 can be coupled directly with the switch devices and/or indirectly via one or more intermediate system components of the battery management system 100. Exemplary intermediate system components can include one or more driver circuits (not shown) for boosting the control signals generated by theprocessor 222. Additionally and/or alternatively, the driver circuit can isolate the ALU and/or control logic section from the switch devices, detect malfunctions, store and report failures to theprocessor 222, serving as a precaution against failure and/or creating auxiliary voltages. Optionally, theprocessor 222 can be at least partially integrated with one or more of the switch devices. -
FIG. 5 shows theonboard BMS 220 as including amemory 224. Theprocessor 222 can run (and/or execute) various software programs and/or sets of instructions stored in thememory 224 to perform various functions of theonboard BMS 220. The memory 120 can include any (non-transitory) computer-readable storage medium. Anexemplary memory 224 can be provided in a similar manner as the storage device 340 (shown inFIG. 4 ). Theprocessor 222 can communicate with thememory 224, for example, wirelessly and/or using hardware connectors and buses. Although onememory 224 is shown inFIG. 5 , theonboard BMS 220 can include any number of uniform and/ordifferent memories 224. - Turning to
FIG. 6 , anexemplary charger BMS 420 is shown. Thecharger BMS 420 can include aprocessor 422 and/or amemory 424. Anexemplary processor 422 can be provided in a similar manner as the processor 222 (shown inFIG. 5 ). Anexemplary memory 424 can be provided in a similar manner as the memory 224 (shown inFIG. 5 ). Theprocessor 422 can run (and/or execute) various software programs and/or sets of instructions stored in thememory 424 to perform various functions of thecharger BMS 420. - Turning to
FIG. 7 , an exemplary method 500 for managing thebattery 300 is shown.Battery data 320 are exchanged, at 510, between thebattery 300 and theonboard BMS 220 of themobile platform 200 and between thebattery 300 and thecharger BMS 420 of thebattery charger 400. Thebattery 300 is managed, at 520, based on thebattery data 320. In some embodiments, themobile platform 200 can manage thebattery 300 based on thebattery data 320 exchanged between thebattery 300 and theonboard BMS 220. Thebattery charger 400 can manage thebattery 300 based on thebattery data 320 exchanged between thebattery 300 and thecharger BMS 420. - The method 500 can overcome disadvantages of existing mobile platforms that use one or more smart battery. For example, a typical BMS can be expensive, which results in high cost of a smart battery. The BMS has large volume and heavy weight, so travel time of a mobile platform using a smart battery can be shortened. The BMS can consume electrical power and thus waste capacity of a smart battery. Further, controlling of a mobile platform needs battery data obtained from the BMS of the smart battery. To ensure reliability of communication between the mobile platform and the BMS, a plurality of smart batteries (for example, greater than three smart batteries) need to be situated on the mobile platform, with each smart battery including a BMS. Such redundancy can increase cost of operating the mobile platform, while performance of the mobile platform and the smart battery is not improved.
- According to the method 500, the
battery 300 does not require a BMS. Theonboard BMS 220 and/or thecharger BMS 420 can be located on themobile platform 200 and thebattery charger 400, respectively. Advantageously, cost of thebattery 300 can be significantly reduced. Accordingly, thebattery 300 can be configured to include more battery cells to increase capacity without significantly impacting cost. Adding theonboard BMS 220 can be achieved by expanding a control system of themobile platform 200, and such expansion usually does not introduce significant weight increase and/or volume increase for themobile platform 200, so travel time of themobile platform 200 can be extended. In addition, electrical power consumed by thestorage device 340 can be negligible, so capacity waste of thebattery 300 can be significantly reduced. - Further, the
onboard BMS 220 can process thebattery data 320 on themobile platform 200, so the problem of interrupted communication between a smart battery and the mobile platform can be circumvented. Safety and reliability of operating themobile platform 200 can be advantageously improved. Still further, the smart battery system 100 shown inFIG. 3 can include two just BMS total. Compared with existing systems requiring multiple smart batteries each including a BMS, the total number of BMS can be reduced, resulting in reduced manufacturing cost. - Turning to
FIG. 8 , thebattery 300 is shown as transmittinginitial battery data 322 to themobile platform 200. In various embodiments, theinitial battery data 322 can includebattery data 320 that are stored on thebattery 300 prior to discharging and/or charging. Thebattery 300 can transmit theinitial battery data 320 to theonboard BMS 220. Theonboard BMS 220 can use theinitial battery data 320 for identifying thebattery 300 and/or assessing status of thebattery 300. - Exemplary
initial battery data 322 can include identification and/or specification of thebattery 300. Exemplary identification can include a unique identifier, serial number, model number, manufacturer, and/or manufacture date of thebattery 300. Additionally and/or alternatively, theinitial battery data 322 can include status (and/or operation parameters) of thebattery 300. Exemplary status can include current capacity, maximum capacity, voltage, current, internal resistance, temperature, number of charge-discharge cycles, and/or remaining lifetime of thebattery 300. - Turning to
FIG. 9 , thebattery 300 is shown as including at least onedetector 380 coupled with thebattery modules 360 and/or thebattery cells 362. The detector 130 can include a sensor (not shown) for sensing a status of thebattery 300. Exemplary status of thebattery 300 can include the status of thebattery modules 360, thebattery cells 362, or a combination thereof. For example, the detector 130 can be used for sensing status such as current capacity, maximum capacity, voltage, current, internal resistance, temperature and/or remaining lifetime of thebattery 300. Additionally and/or alternatively, the detector 130 can obtain other statuses associated with thebattery 300. Exemplary statuses can include, but are not limited to, state of charge (SOC), depth of discharge (DOD), state of health (SOH), impedance, conductance, self-discharge, ability to accept a charge, and/or coolant flow if thebattery 300 is air or fluid cooled. - When the
battery 300 is in communication with the mobile platform 200 (shown inFIG. 1 ) during the discharging, the detector 130 can be in communication with the onboard BMS 220 (shown inFIG. 1 ). Upon being instructed by theonboard BMS 220, the detector 130 can collect the status of thebattery 300 and transmit the same to theonboard BMS 220. Based on the status of thebattery 300 collected by the detector 130, theonboard BMS 220 can perform any calculation needed for obtain the status of thebattery 300. Thus, theonboard BMS 220 can monitor the status of thebattery 300 during the discharging. - Although shown in
FIG. 9 as including a single detector 130 for purposes of illustration only, thebattery 300 can include any suitable number of uniform and/or different detectors 130. Additionally and/or alternatively, the detector 130 can be at least partially located on themobile platform 200 and/or integrated with theonboard BMS 220. In that case, the detector 130 can measure certain parameters (such as current and/or voltage) via electrical connection with thebattery 300 when thebattery 300 is coupled with themobile platform 200. - Turning to
FIG. 10 , theonboard BMS 220 is shown as including aprotective circuit 226 in communication with theprocessor 222. In some embodiments, theprotective circuit 226 can be at least partially integrated with theprocessor 222. Exemplaryprotective circuit 226 can include one or more switch devices (not shown) triggered by control signals (not shown) from theprocessor 222. - The
protective circuit 226 can protect thebattery 300 during discharging upon detection of an abnormal battery status. For example, upon detection of the abnormal battery status of the battery modules 360 (shown inFIG. 4 ) and/or the battery cells 362 (shown inFIG. 4 ), theprotective circuit 226 can selectively disconnect, isolate, and/or bypass thebattery module 360, thebattery cell 362, and/or thebattery 300. Advantageously, safety of discharging thebattery 300 can be improved. - An abnormal battery status can include any out-of-tolerance ambient and/or operating conditions that can result in failure of the
battery 300 and/or themobile platform 200. Exemplary abnormal battery status can include an abnormally high temperature, an abnormally high current, an abnormally low voltage, a short circuit, and/or an overcharging of thebattery 300. Theonboard BMS 220 can determine existence of the abnormal battery status using any predetermined criteria. Exemplary criteria can be at least partially based on specification of thebattery 300. In one example, the initial battery data 320 (shown inFIG. 8 ) can include such specification. In another example, such specification can be stored and/or indexed on theonboard BMS 220, so theonboard BMS 220 can retrieve the specification according to the identification of thebattery 300. - Turning to
FIG. 11 , updatedbattery data 324 is shown as being received from theonboard BMS 220 at thebattery 300. The updatedbattery data 324 can include thebattery data 320 that are updated (and/or refreshed) by theonboard BMS 220. For example, during discharging of thebattery 300, theonboard BMS 220 can monitor and/or determine updated status of thebattery 300 and generate the updatedbattery data 324 accordingly. Exemplary updatedbattery data 324 can include the current capacity, maximum capacity, voltage, current, internal resistance, temperature, number of charge-discharge cycles, and/or remaining lifetime of thebattery 300. - The
onboard BMS 220 can transmit the updatedbattery data 324 to thebattery 300 for the updatedbattery data 324 to be stored on thebattery 300. Theonboard BMS 220 can transmit the updatedbattery data 324 to thebattery 300 in any suitable manner. In one embodiment, theonboard BMS 220 can transmit the updatedbattery data 324 to thebattery 300 at a predetermined and/or dynamically-variable frequency. In another embodiment, theonboard BMS 220 can transmit the updatedbattery data 324 to thebattery 300 in real time, so thebattery 300 can advantageously receive the updatedbattery data 324 in a timely manner. - Turning to
FIG. 12 , themobile platform 200 is shown as being placed in communication with thebattery 300. In various embodiments, themobile platform 200 can be placed in communication with thebattery 300 prior to discharging thebattery 300. As illustratively shown inFIG. 12 , thebattery 300 can include abattery interface 380 in communication with thestorage device 340. - The
exemplary battery interface 380 can include universal serial bus (USB), digital visual interface (DVI), display port, serial ATA (SATA), IEEE 1394 interface (also known as FireWire), serial, video graphics array (VGA), super video graphics array (SVGA), small computer system interface (SCSI), high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI), audio ports, parallel communication interface, series communication interface, differential communication interface, analog interface (to collecting analog data for analog/digital conversion), and/or proprietary input/output interfaces. Thebattery interface 380 can operate as a channel to transmit thebattery data 320 between thebattery 300 and themobile platform 200. Thebattery interface 380 can include an electrical connection for coupling thebattery 300 with themobile platform 200 to discharge thebattery 300. -
FIG. 12 shows themobile platform 200 as including an onboard-BMS-interface 240 in communication with theonboard BMS 220. The onboard-BMS-interface 240 can be provided in a similar manner as thebattery interface 380. The onboard-BMS-interface 240 can operate as a channel for thebattery data 320 to be transmitted between themobile platform 200 and thebattery 300. Additionally and/or alternatively, the onboard-BMS-interface 240 can include an electrical connection for coupling themobile platform 200 with thebattery 300 to discharge thebattery 300. - As shown in
FIG. 12 , thebattery interface 380 can be connected with the onboard-BMS-interface 240. In one embodiment, thebattery interface 380 can be connected with the onboard-BMS-interface 240 physically and/or in wired manner. For example, thebattery interface 380 can be connected with the onboard-BMS-interface 240 interface using a serial port, a parallel port, or a combination thereof - In another embodiment, the
battery interface 380 can be connected with the onboard-BMS-interface 240 remotely and/or wirelessly. Exemplary wireless methods can include radio, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), cellular, satellite, and/or broadcasting. For example, thebattery interface 380 can be connected with the onboard-BMS-interface 240 interface using Bluetooth, WiFi, near field communication (NFC), or a combination thereof. - Turning to
FIG. 13 , thebattery 300 is shown as transmitting theinitial battery data 322 to thebattery charger 400. Thebattery 300 can transmit theinitial battery data 320 to thecharger BMS 420. Thecharger BMS 420 can use theinitial battery data 320 for identifying thebattery 300 and/or assessing status of thebattery 300. - When the
battery 300 is in communication with thebattery charger 400 during the charging, the detector 130 (shown inFIG. 9 ) of thebattery 300 can be in communication with thecharger BMS 420. Upon being instructed by thecharger BMS 420, the detector 130 can collect the status of thebattery 300 and transmit the same to thecharger BMS 420. Based on the status of thebattery 300 collected by the detector 130, thecharger BMS 420 can perform any calculation needed for obtain the status of thebattery 300. Thus, thecharger BMS 420 can monitor the status of thebattery 300 during the charging. - Optionally, the detector 130 can be at least partially located on the
battery charger 400 and/or integrated with thecharger BMS 420. In that case, the detector 130 can measure certain parameters (such as current and/or voltage) via electrical connection with thebattery 300 when thebattery 300 is coupled with thebattery charger 400. - Turning to
FIG. 14 , thecharger BMS 420 is shown as including aprotective circuit 426 in communication with the processor 622. In some embodiments, theprotective circuit 426 can be at least partially integrated with the processor 622. Exemplaryprotective circuit 426 can include one or more switch devices (not shown) triggered by control signals (not shown) from theprocessor 422. - The
protective circuit 426 can protect thebattery 300 during the charging upon detection of an abnormal battery status. Upon detection of the abnormal battery status of the battery modules 360 (shown inFIG. 4 ) and/or the battery cells 362 (shown inFIG. 4 ), theprotective circuit 426 can selectively disconnect power input from thebattery module 360, thebattery cell 362, and/or thebattery 300. Advantageously, safety of charging thebattery 300 can be improved. - The
charger BMS 420 can determine existence of the abnormal battery status using any predetermined criteria. Exemplary criteria can be at least partially based on specification of thebattery 300. In one example, the initial battery data 320 (shown inFIG. 13 ) can include such specification. In another example, such specification can be stored on thecharger BMS 420, so thecharger BMS 420 can retrieve the specification according to the identification of thebattery 300. - Additionally and/or alternatively, the
charger BMS 420 can be configured to balance thebattery 300 during the charging. In one embodiment, balancing thebattery 300 can include balancing thebattery cells 362 within onebattery module 360 and/or balancing thebattery cells 362 acrossdifferent battery modules 360. In another embodiment, balancing thebattery 300 can include balancing thebattery modules 360. - The
charger BMS 420 can be configured to balance thebattery cells 362 in any suitable and/or customized manner.FIG. 15 shows an exemplary flow chart of a method 600 for balancing the battery 300 (shown inFIG. 4 ) during the charging. A voltage difference ΔV between two battery cells 362 (shown inFIG. 4 ) can be compared, at 610, with a target voltage difference VBALC. Additionally and/or alternatively, a capacity difference ΔQ between twobattery cells 362 can be compared with a target capacity difference QBALC. When at least one of the following conditions is met: -
ΔV>V BALC ; and Equation (1) -
ΔQ>Q BALC, Equation (2) - the
battery cells 362 can be charged sequentially, at 920. Stated somewhat differently, the charger BMS 420 (shown inFIG. 2 ) can charge thebattery cells 362 having a lower voltage and/or capacity prior to chargingother battery cells 362. When the voltage difference ΔV is not greater than the target voltage difference VBALC, and the capacity difference ΔQ is not greater than the target capacity difference QBALC, that is: -
ΔV≤V BALC; and Equation (3) -
ΔQ≤QBALC, Equation (4) - the
battery cells 362 can be charged simultaneously, at 630. - The method 600 can be implemented on selected
battery cells 362 or allbattery cells 362 to determine the order of charging. Stated somewhat differently, based on the method 600, thecharger BMS 420 can first chargebattery cells 362 having the lowest voltages and/or capacities. When the voltages and/or capacities increase due to the discharging,battery cells 362 having the second lowest voltages and/or capacities can join the charging. At the last stage of charging, thebattery cells 362 of highest voltage and/or capacities can join the charging. Thus, after the charging, voltage and/or capacity difference between at least some of thebattery cells 362 can be small. The charging can thus balance thebattery cells 362. - Similarly, method 600 can be implemented similarly for balancing between battery modules 360 (shown in
FIG. 4 ). Values of the target voltage difference VBALC and/or the target capacity difference QBALC can be predetermined accordingly based on whether comparison is between thebattery cells 362 or between thebattery modules 360. - Thus, the
charger BMS 420 can optimize charging of thebattery 300 based on any selected customized criteria. In contrast, a conventional charger typically charges a smart battery without intelligent charging function. That is, all battery cells are charged simultaneously. Weak batteries battery cells are likely to be over-charged. The higher voltage of weak battery cells at charge completion can lead to accelerated capacity degradation. Weak battery cells can be weakened further by continuous overcharge cycles. By using method 600,weak battery cells 362 can be balanced withother battery cells 362 at full charge termination. Over-charge damage can be advantageously prevented. Longevity of thebattery 300 can thus be increased. -
FIG. 16 illustrates updatedbattery data 324 as being received from thecharger BMS 420 at thebattery 300. The updatedbattery data 324 can include thebattery data 320 that are updated by thecharger BMS 420. For example, during charging of thebattery 300, thecharger BMS 420 can monitor and/or determine updated status of thebattery 300 and generate the updatedbattery data 324 accordingly. - The
charger BMS 420 can transmit the updatedbattery data 324 to thebattery 300 for the updatedbattery data 324 to be stored on thebattery 300. Thecharger BMS 420 can transmit the updatedbattery data 324 to thebattery 300 in any suitable manner. In one embodiment, thecharger BMS 420 can transmit the updatedbattery data 324 to thebattery 300 at a predetermined and/or dynamically-variable frequency. In another embodiment, thecharger BMS 420 can transmit the updatedbattery data 324 to thebattery 300 in real time, so thebattery 300 can advantageously receive the updatedbattery data 324 in a timely manner. - Turning to
FIG. 17 , thebattery charger 400 is shown as being placed in communication with thebattery 300. In various embodiments, thebattery charger 400 can be placed in communication with thebattery 300 prior to charging thebattery 300. As illustratively shown inFIG. 17 , thebattery 300 can include thebattery interface 380 in communication with thestorage device 340. Thebattery interface 380 can operate as a channel for thebattery data 320 to transmit between thebattery 300 and thebattery charger 400. Additionally and/or alternatively, thebattery interface 380 can include an electrical connection for coupling thebattery 300 with thebattery charger 400 to charge thebattery 300. -
FIG. 17 shows thebattery charger 400 as including a charger-BMS-interface 440 in communication with thecharger BMS 420. The charger-BMS-interface 440 can be provided in a similar manner as the onboard-BMS-interface 240 (shown inFIG. 12 ). The charger-BMS-interface 440 can operate as a channel for thebattery data 320 to transmit between thebattery charger 400 and thebattery 300. Additionally and/or alternatively, the charger-BMS-interface 440 can include an electrical connection for coupling thebattery charger 400 with thebattery 300 to charge thebattery 300. - As shown in
FIG. 17 , thebattery interface 380 can be connected with the charger-BMS-interface 440. In one embodiment, thebattery interface 380 can be connected with the charger-BMS-interface 440 physically and/or in wired manner. For example, thebattery interface 380 can be connected with the charger-BMS-interface 440 interface using a serial port, a parallel port, or a combination thereof. - In one embodiment, the
battery interface 380 can be connected with the charger-BMS-interface 440 remotely and/or wirelessly. Exemplary methods for wireless connection can include radio, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), cellular, satellite, and/or broadcasting. For example, thebattery interface 380 can be connected with the charger-BMS-interface 440 interface using Bluetooth, WiFi, near field communication (NFC), or a combination thereof. - Turning to
FIG. 18 , another alternative embodiment of the smart battery system 100 is shown.FIG. 18 shows the smart battery system 100 as including themobile platform 200 and thebattery charger 400. At least one of themobile platform 200 and thebattery charger 400 can be coupled with thebattery 300. Thebattery 300 can transmit theinitial battery data 322 to themobile platform 200 and/or thebattery charger 400. Theinitial battery data 322 can include firstinitial battery data 322A transmitted to themobile platform 200 and/or secondinitial battery data 322B transmitted to thebattery charger 400. - As shown in
FIG. 18 , thebattery 300 can receive the updatedbattery data 324 from themobile platform 200 and/or thebattery charger 400. The updatedbattery data 324 can include first updatedbattery data 324A received from themobile platform 200 and/or second updatedbattery data 324B received from thebattery charger 400. - Although
FIG. 18 shows both of themobile platform 200 and thebattery charger 400 being coupled with thebattery 300 for illustrative purposes only, themobile platform 200 and thebattery charger 400 can be coupled with thebattery 300 simultaneously and/or sequentially. Thebattery 300 can transmit the firstinitial battery data 322A and/or the secondinitial battery data 322B simultaneously and/or sequentially. Thebattery 300 can receive the first updatedbattery data 324A and/or the second updatedbattery data 324B simultaneously and/or sequentially. - Turning to
FIG. 19 , anexemplary method 700 for managing thebattery 300 is shown. Themethod 700 can be implemented by thebattery 300. As shown inFIG. 19 , the firstinitial battery data 322A are transmitted, at 710, from thestorage device 340 of thebattery 300 to theonboard BMS 220 of themobile platform 200. The firstinitial battery data 322A can be transmitted in a similar manner as transmitting of theinitial battery data 320 as shown inFIG. 8 . The first updatedbattery data 324A are received, at 720, from theonboard BMS 220 at thestorage device 340. The first updatedbattery data 324A can be received in a similar manner as transmitting of the updatedbattery data 324 as shown inFIG. 11 . The secondinitial battery data 322B are transmitted, at 730, from thestorage device 340 to thecharger BMS 420 of thebattery charger 400. The secondinitial battery data 322B can be transmitted in a similar manner as transmitting of theinitial battery data 320 shown inFIG. 13 . The second updatedbattery data 324B are received, at 740, from thecharger BMS 420 at thestorage device 340. The second updatedbattery data 324B can be received in a similar manner as transmitting of the updatedbattery data 324 as shown inFIG. 16 . - Although
FIG. 19 shows 710 and 720 as being implemented prior to 730 and 740 for illustrative purposes only, 730 and/or 740 can be implemented prior to, and/or simultaneously with, 710 and/or 720, without limitation. For example, thebattery 300 can first be connected with thebattery charger 400 for charging, by implementing 730 and/or 740. The chargedbattery 300 can then be connected with themobile platform 200 to power themobile platform 200, by implementing 710 and/or 720. - The disclosed embodiments are susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, and specific examples thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and are herein described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the disclosed embodiments are not to be limited to the particular forms or methods disclosed, but to the contrary, the disclosed embodiments are to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives.
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CN105501455B (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-09-29 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | A kind of unmanned aerial vehicle comprehensive power integrated system and method |
CN105610215B (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2018-10-02 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | For electric installation, method for controlling power supply and using the movable fixture for electric installation |
CN105416597A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-03-23 | 上海云犀智能系统有限公司 | Automatic charging device for unmanned aerial vehicle and unmanned aerial vehicle |
CN107251363B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2020-09-29 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Method and system for balancing battery assembly |
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2016
- 2016-07-12 CN CN201680087540.5A patent/CN109565180B/en active Active
- 2016-07-12 WO PCT/CN2016/089821 patent/WO2018010098A1/en active Application Filing
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2019
- 2019-01-14 US US16/246,656 patent/US11139660B2/en active Active
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2021
- 2021-10-04 US US17/493,254 patent/US20220029430A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20190148951A1 (en) | 2019-05-16 |
CN109565180A (en) | 2019-04-02 |
WO2018010098A1 (en) | 2018-01-18 |
US11139660B2 (en) | 2021-10-05 |
CN109565180B (en) | 2023-03-17 |
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