US20210130160A1 - Optical device and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents

Optical device and method for manufacturing same Download PDF

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Publication number
US20210130160A1
US20210130160A1 US16/625,701 US201816625701A US2021130160A1 US 20210130160 A1 US20210130160 A1 US 20210130160A1 US 201816625701 A US201816625701 A US 201816625701A US 2021130160 A1 US2021130160 A1 US 2021130160A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
axis direction
comb
movable
movable mirror
optical device
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US16/625,701
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English (en)
Inventor
Tatsuya Sugimoto
Tomofumi Suzuki
Kyosuke KOTANI
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Hamamatsu Photonics KK
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Hamamatsu Photonics KK
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Assigned to HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K. reassignment HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KOTANI, KYOSUKE, SUGIMOTO, TATSUYA, SUZUKI, TOMOFUMI
Publication of US20210130160A1 publication Critical patent/US20210130160A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
    • B81B3/00—Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes
    • B81B3/0035—Constitution or structural means for controlling the movement of the flexible or deformable elements
    • B81B3/0059—Constitution or structural means for controlling the movement not provided for in groups B81B3/0037 - B81B3/0056
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/001—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on interference in an adjustable optical cavity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
    • B81B3/00—Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
    • B81B3/00—Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes
    • B81B3/0002—Arrangements for avoiding sticking of the flexible or moving parts
    • B81B3/0013—Structures dimensioned for mechanical prevention of stiction, e.g. spring with increased stiffness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B9/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B9/02—Interferometers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/45—Interferometric spectrometry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
    • G02B26/0816—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
    • G02B26/0833—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a micromechanical device, e.g. a MEMS mirror, DMD
    • G02B26/0841—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a micromechanical device, e.g. a MEMS mirror, DMD the reflecting element being moved or deformed by electrostatic means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
    • H02N1/002—Electrostatic motors
    • H02N1/006—Electrostatic motors of the gap-closing type
    • H02N1/008—Laterally driven motors, e.g. of the comb-drive type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
    • B81B2201/00—Specific applications of microelectromechanical systems
    • B81B2201/04—Optical MEMS
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
    • B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
    • B81B2203/01—Suspended structures, i.e. structures allowing a movement
    • B81B2203/0118—Cantilevers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
    • B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
    • B81B2203/01—Suspended structures, i.e. structures allowing a movement
    • B81B2203/0136—Comb structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
    • B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
    • B81B2203/01—Suspended structures, i.e. structures allowing a movement
    • B81B2203/0145—Flexible holders
    • B81B2203/0154—Torsion bars

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an optical device configured as, for example, a micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) device and a method for manufacturing the same.
  • MEMS micro electro mechanical systems
  • an optical device including a base, a movable portion with an optical function portion, an elastic support portion connected between the base and the movable portion and supporting the movable portion so that the movable portion is movable along a predetermined direction, a first comb electrode provided in the base and including a plurality of first comb fingers, and a second comb electrode provided in the elastic support portion and including a plurality of second comb fingers alternately disposed with the plurality of first comb fingers is known (for example, see Patent Literature 1).
  • the elastic support portion includes a torsion bar which is twisted and deformed when the movable portion moves along a predetermined direction.
  • the movable portion when the elastic support portion is configured so that the movable portion largely moves along a predetermined direction, the movable portion tends to easily move also in a direction perpendicular to the predetermined direction.
  • a phenomenon so-called sticking
  • the second comb finger contacts the adjacent first comb finger occurs.
  • there is concern that the movement of the movable portion in the predetermined direction may be disturbed.
  • An object of the present disclosure is to provide an optical device capable of largely moving a movable portion along a predetermined direction while suppressing the occurrence of sticking and a method for manufacturing the same.
  • An optical device of an aspect of the present disclosure includes: a base; a movable portion which includes an optical function portion; an elastic support portion which is connected between the base and the movable portion and supports the movable portion so that the movable portion is movable along a first direction; a first comb electrode which is provided to the base and includes a plurality of first comb fingers; and a second comb electrode which is provided to at least one of the movable portion and the elastic support portion and includes a plurality of second comb fingers arranged alternately with the plurality of first comb fingers, in which the elastic support portion includes a torsion bar extending along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and a lever connected to the torsion bar, in which the second comb electrode is provided to a portion of at least one of the movable portion and the elastic support portion, the portion being located on the optical function portion side with respect to the torsion bar, and in which the first comb finger and the second comb finger which are adjacent to each other face each other
  • An optical device of an aspect of the present disclosure includes: a base; a movable portion which includes an optical function portion; an elastic support portion which is connected between the base and the movable portion and supports the movable portion so that the movable portion is movable along a first direction; a first comb electrode which is provided to the base and includes a plurality of first comb fingers; and a second comb electrode which is provided to at least one of the movable portion and the elastic support portion and includes a plurality of second comb fingers arranged alternately with the plurality of first comb fingers, in which the elastic support portion includes a torsion bar extending along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and a lever connected to the torsion bar, in which the second comb electrode is provided to a portion of at least one of the movable portion and the elastic support portion, the portion being located on the optical function portion side with respect to the torsion bar, and in which the first comb finger and the second comb finger which are adjacent to each other face each other
  • the elastic support portion includes the torsion bar and the lever and the second comb electrode is provided to a portion of at least one of the movable portion and the elastic support portion, the portion being located on the optical function portion side with respect to the torsion bar. Accordingly, it is possible to largely move the movable portion along the first direction without generating a large electrostatic force between the first comb electrode and the second comb electrode. Further, the first comb finger and the second comb finger which are adjacent to each other face each other in the direction in which the movable portion has higher or highest external force resistance. Accordingly, when the movable portion moves along the first direction, the second comb finger hardly contacts the adjacent first comb finger. As described above, according to such an optical device, it is possible to largely move the movable portion along a predetermined direction (the first direction) while suppressing the occurrence of sticking.
  • a pair of the elastic support portions may be disposed on both sides of the movable portion in the third direction.
  • the pair of elastic support portions when the pair of elastic support portions are disposed on both sides of the movable portion, it is possible to largely move the movable portion along the first direction with a simpler configuration.
  • the movable portion when the pair of elastic support portions are disposed on both sides of the movable portion, the movable portion tends to easily move also in a direction perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the first comb finger and the second comb finger which are adjacent to each other face each other in the direction in which the movable portion has high external force resistance, the occurrence of sticking can be suppressed.
  • the direction in which the movable portion has higher external force resistance may be the second direction
  • the elastic support portion may further include an electrode support member provided on the optical function portion side with respect to the torsion bar so as to extend along a plane perpendicular to the first direction
  • the second comb electrode may be provided along the electrode support member. Accordingly, when the direction in which the movable portion has high external force resistance is the second direction, the second comb electrode can be disposed highly efficiently (that is, without taking an extra area) at an appropriate position (that is, a position in which the movable portion can be largely moved along the first direction without generating a large electrostatic force between the first comb electrode and the second comb electrode).
  • the direction in which the movable portion has higher external force resistance may be the third direction and the second comb electrode may be provided along an outer edge of the movable portion. Accordingly, when the direction in which the movable portion has high external force resistance is the third direction, the second comb electrode can be disposed highly efficiently (that is, without taking an extra area) at an appropriate position (that is, a position in which the movable portion can be largely moved along the first direction without generating a large electrostatic force between the first comb electrode and the second comb electrode).
  • An optical device manufacturing method of an aspect of the present disclosure includes: a step of creating a model corresponding to the above-described optical device and measuring a direction in which the movable portion has higher external force resistance, of the second direction and the third direction in the model; and a step of manufacturing the optical device so as to correspond to the model when the first comb finger and the second comb finger which are adjacent to each other face each other in the direction in which the movable portion has higher external force resistance in the model as a result of measuring the direction in which the movable portion has higher external force resistance.
  • An optical device manufacturing method of an aspect of the present disclosure includes: a step of creating a model corresponding to the above-described optical device and measuring a direction in which the movable portion has the highest external force resistance, of directions perpendicular to the first direction in the model; and a step of manufacturing the optical device so as to correspond to the model when the first comb finger and the second comb finger which are adjacent to each other face each other in the direction in which the movable portion has the highest external force resistance in the model as a result of measuring the direction in which the movable portion has the highest external force resistance.
  • the optical device manufacturing method it is possible to highly efficiently obtain the optical device capable of largely moving the movable portion in the predetermined direction (the first direction) while suppressing the occurrence of sticking.
  • an optical device capable of largely moving a movable portion along a predetermined direction while suppressing the occurrence of sticking and a method for manufacturing the same.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an optical module with an optical device of an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the optical device illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the optical device illustrated in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing a change in deformation amount of a torsion bar and a non-linear relaxation spring around a Y-axis direction with respect to a movement amount of a movable mirror.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing a change in deformation amount of a torsion bar and a non-linear relaxation spring in an X-axis direction with respect to the movement amount of the movable mirror.
  • FIG. 6 are schematic diagrams of an optical device of a comparative example.
  • FIG. 7 are schematic diagrams of the optical device illustrated in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 8 is a graph showing a relationship between a movement amount of the movable mirror and a restoring force acting on the movable mirror when there is nonlinearity or not.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph showing a movement amount of the movable mirror and a restoring force acting on the movable mirror of an embodiment and a comparative example.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing a relationship between a driving frequency and a movement amount of the movable mirror when nonlinearity is small.
  • FIG. 11 is a graph showing a relationship between a driving frequency and a movement amount of the movable mirror when nonlinearity is large.
  • FIG. 12 is a plan view of an optical device of a modified example.
  • an optical module 1 includes a mirror unit 2 and a beam splitter unit 3 .
  • the mirror unit 2 includes an optical device 10 and a fixed mirror 21 .
  • the optical device 10 includes a movable mirror (a movable portion) 11 .
  • the beam splitter unit 3 , the movable mirror 11 , and the fixed mirror 21 constitute an interference optical system for measurement light L 0 .
  • the interference optical system is a Michelson interference optical system.
  • the optical device 10 includes a base 12 , a drive unit 13 , a first optical function portion 17 , and a second optical function portion 18 in addition to the movable mirror 11 .
  • the base 12 includes a main surface 12 a .
  • the movable mirror 11 includes a mirror surface (an optical function portion) 11 a following a plane parallel to the main surface 12 a .
  • the movable mirror 11 is supported by the base 12 so as to be movable along a Z-axis direction perpendicular to the main surface 12 a (a direction parallel to the Z axis, a first direction).
  • the drive unit 13 moves the movable mirror 11 along the Z-axis direction.
  • the first optical function portion 17 is disposed at one side of the movable mirror 11 in an X-axis direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction (a direction parallel to the X axis, a third direction) when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the second optical function portion 18 is disposed at the other side of the movable mirror 11 in the X-axis direction when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the first optical function portion 17 and the second optical function portion 18 are respectively light passage opening portions provided in the base 12 and are opened to one side and the other side in the Z-axis direction. Furthermore, in the optical module 1 , the second optical function portion 18 is not used as the light passage opening portion.
  • the optical device 10 When the optical device 10 is applied to other apparatuses, there is a case in which at least one of the first optical function portion 17 and the second optical function portion 18 is used as the optical function portion or both of the first optical function portion 17 and the second optical function portion 18 are not used as the optical function portion.
  • the fixed mirror 21 includes a mirror surface 21 a following a plane parallel to the main surface 12 a .
  • the position of the fixed mirror 21 with respect to the base 12 is fixed.
  • the mirror surface 11 a of the movable mirror 11 and the mirror surface 21 a of the fixed mirror 21 face one side in the Z-axis direction (the side of the beam splitter unit 3 ).
  • the mirror unit 2 includes a support body 22 , a sub-mount 23 , and a package 24 in addition to the optical device 10 and the fixed mirror 21 .
  • the package 24 accommodates the optical device 10 , the fixed mirror 21 , the support body 22 , and the sub-mount 23 .
  • the package 24 includes a bottom wall 241 , a side wall 242 , and a ceiling wall 243 .
  • the package 24 is formed in, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped box shape.
  • the package 24 has, for example, a size of about 30 ⁇ 25 ⁇ 10 (thickness) mm.
  • the bottom wall 241 and the side wall 242 are integrally formed with each other.
  • the ceiling wall 243 faces the bottom wall 241 in the Z-axis direction and is fixed to the side wall 242 .
  • the ceiling wall 243 has optical transparency with respect to the measurement light L 0 .
  • a space S is formed by the package 24 .
  • the space S is opened to the outside of the mirror unit 2 through, for example, a ventilation hole, a gap, or the like provided in the package 24 .
  • the space S may be an airtight space in which a high degree of vacuum is maintained or an airtight space filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen.
  • the support body 22 is fixed to the inner surface of the bottom wall 241 through the sub-mount 23 .
  • the support body 22 is formed in, for example, a rectangular plate shape.
  • the support body 22 has optical transparency with respect to the measurement light L 0 .
  • the base 12 of the optical device 10 is fixed to a surface 22 a at the side opposite to the sub-mount 23 in the support body 22 . That is, the base 12 is supported by the support body 22 .
  • a concave portion 22 b is formed on the surface 22 a of the support body 22 and a gap (a part of the space S) is formed between the optical device 10 and the ceiling wall 243 . Accordingly, the contact of the movable mirror 11 and the drive unit 13 with respect to the support body 22 and the ceiling wall 243 is prevented when the movable mirror 11 is moved along the Z-axis direction.
  • the fixed mirror 21 is disposed on a surface 22 c at the side of the sub-mount 23 in the support body 22 so as to be located within the opening 23 a . That is, the fixed mirror 21 is disposed on the surface 22 c at the side opposite to the base 12 in the support body 22 .
  • the fixed mirror 21 is disposed at one side of the movable mirror 11 in the X-axis direction when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the fixed mirror 21 overlaps the first optical function portion 17 of the optical device 10 when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the mirror unit 2 further includes a plurality of lead pins 25 and a plurality of wires 26 .
  • Each lead pin 25 is fixed to the bottom wall 241 while penetrating the bottom wall 241 .
  • Each lead pin 25 is electrically connected to the drive unit 13 through a wire 26 .
  • an electric signal for moving the movable mirror 11 along the Z-axis direction is applied to the drive unit 13 through the plurality of lead pins 25 and the plurality of wires 26 .
  • the beam splitter unit 3 is supported by the ceiling wall 243 of the package 24 . Specifically, the beam splitter unit 3 is fixed to a surface 243 a at the side opposite to the optical device 10 in the ceiling wall 243 by an optical resin 4 .
  • the optical resin 4 has optical transparency with respect to the measurement light L 0 .
  • the beam splitter unit 3 includes a half mirror surface 31 , a total reflection mirror surface 32 , and a plurality of optical surface 33 a , 33 b , 33 c , and 33 d .
  • the beam splitter unit 3 is configured by bonding a plurality of optical blocks.
  • the half mirror surface 31 is formed by, for example, a dielectric multilayer.
  • the total reflection mirror surface 32 is formed by, for example, a metal film.
  • the optical surface 33 a is, for example, a surface perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and overlaps the first optical function portion 17 of the optical device 10 and the mirror surface 21 a of the fixed mirror 21 when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the measurement light L 0 which is incident along the Z-axis direction is transmitted through the optical surface 33 a.
  • the half mirror surface 31 is, for example, a surface inclined by 45° with respect to the optical surface 33 a and overlaps the first optical function portion 17 of the optical device 10 and the mirror surface 21 a of the fixed mirror 21 when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the half mirror surface 31 reflects a part of the measurement light L 0 , which is incident to the optical surface 33 a along the Z-axis direction, along the X-axis direction and transmits the remaining part of the measurement light L 0 toward the fixed mirror 21 along the Z-axis direction.
  • the total reflection mirror surface 32 is a surface parallel to the half mirror surface 31 , overlaps the mirror surface 11 a of the movable mirror 11 when viewed from the Z-axis direction, and overlaps the half mirror surface 31 when viewed from the X-axis direction.
  • the total reflection mirror surface 32 reflects a part of the measurement light L 0 reflected by the half mirror surface 31 toward the movable mirror 11 along the Z-axis direction.
  • the optical surface 33 b is a surface parallel to the optical surface 33 a and overlaps the mirror surface 11 a of the movable mirror 11 when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the optical surface 33 b transmits a part of the measurement light L 0 reflected by the total reflection mirror surface 32 toward the movable mirror 11 along the Z-axis direction.
  • the optical surface 33 c is a surface parallel to the optical surface 33 a and overlaps the mirror surface 21 a of the fixed mirror 21 when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the optical surface 33 c transmits the remaining part of the measurement light L 0 transmitted through the half mirror surface 31 toward the fixed mirror 21 along the Z-axis direction.
  • the optical surface 33 d is, for example, a surface perpendicular to the X-axis direction and overlaps the half mirror surface 31 and the total reflection mirror surface 32 when viewed from the X-axis direction.
  • the optical surface 33 d transmits the measurement light L 1 along the X-axis direction.
  • the measurement light L 1 is the interference light of a part of the measurement light L 0 sequentially reflected by the mirror surface 11 a of the movable mirror 11 and the total reflection mirror surface 32 and transmitted through the half mirror surface 31 and the remaining part of the measurement light L 0 sequentially reflected by the mirror surface 21 a of the fixed mirror 21 and the half mirror surface 31 .
  • the remaining part of the measurement light L 0 is transmitted through the half mirror surface 31 of the beam splitter unit 3 , passes through the first optical function portion 17 , is further transmitted through the support body 22 , and travels toward the mirror surface 21 a of the fixed mirror 21 . Then, the remaining part of the measurement light L 0 is reflected by the mirror surface 21 a of the fixed mirror 21 , travels in the reverse direction on the same optical path (an optical path P 2 to be described later), and is reflected by the half mirror surface 31 of the beam splitter unit 3 .
  • the measurement light L 0 transmitted through the half mirror surface 31 of the beam splitter unit 3 and the remaining part of the measurement light L 0 reflected by the half mirror surface 31 of the beam splitter unit 3 become the measurement light L 1 that is the interference light and the measurement light L 1 is emitted from the beam splitter unit 3 to the outside of the optical module 1 through the optical surface 33 d .
  • the optical module 1 since it is possible to reciprocate the movable mirror 11 at a high speed along the Z-axis direction, a small and highly accurate Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) can be provided.
  • FTIR Fourier transform infrared spectrometer
  • the support body 22 corrects an optical path difference between an optical path P 1 between the beam splitter unit 3 and the movable mirror 11 and an optical path P 2 between the beam splitter unit 3 and the fixed mirror 21 .
  • the optical path P 1 is an optical path extending from the half mirror surface 31 to the mirror surface 11 a of the movable mirror 11 located at the reference position through the total reflection mirror surface 32 and the optical surface 33 b in a sequential order and is an optical path along which a part of the measurement light L 0 travels.
  • the optical path P 2 is an optical path extending from the half mirror surface 31 to the mirror surface 21 a of the fixed mirror 21 through the optical surface 33 c and the first optical function portion 17 in a sequential order and is an optical path along which the remaining part of the measurement light L 0 travels.
  • the support body 22 corrects the optical path difference between the optical path P 1 and the optical path P 2 so that a difference between the optical path length of the optical path P 1 (the optical path length considering the refractive index of each medium through which the optical path P 1 passes) and the optical path length of the optical path P 2 (the optical path length considering the refractive index of each medium through which the optical path P 2 passes) decreases.
  • the support body 22 can be formed of, for example, a material having the same optical transparency as that of each of the optical blocks constituting the beam splitter unit 3 .
  • the thickness (the length in the Z-axis direction) of the support body 22 can be the same as the distance between the half mirror surface 31 and the total reflection mirror surface 32 in the X-axis direction.
  • a portion other than the mirror surface 11 a of the movable mirror 11 , the base 12 , the drive unit 13 , the first optical function portion 17 , and the second optical function portion 18 are configured by a silicon on insulator (SOI) substrate 50 . That is, the optical device 10 is formed by the SOI substrate 50 .
  • the optical device 10 is formed in, for example, a rectangular plate shape.
  • the optical device 10 has, for example, a size of about 15 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 0.3 (thickness) mm.
  • the SOI substrate 50 includes a support layer 51 , a device layer 52 , and an intermediate layer 53 .
  • the support layer 51 is a first silicon layer of the SOI substrate 50 .
  • the device layer 52 is a second silicon layer of the SOI substrate 50 .
  • the intermediate layer 53 is an insulation layer of the SOI substrate 50 and is disposed between the support layer 51 and the device layer 52 .
  • the movable mirror 11 and the drive unit 13 are integrally formed in a part of the device layer 52 by an MEMS technology (patterning and etching).
  • the base 12 is formed by the support layer 51 , the device layer 52 , and the intermediate layer 53 .
  • the main surface 12 a of the base 12 is a surface at the side opposite to the intermediate layer 53 in the device layer 52 .
  • a main surface 12 b facing the main surface 12 a in the base 12 is a surface at the side opposite to the intermediate layer 53 in the support layer 51 .
  • the main surface 12 a of the base 12 is bonded to the surface 22 a of the support body 22 (see FIG. 1 ).
  • the movable mirror 11 includes a main body 111 , an annular portion 112 , a pair of connection portions 113 , and a wall portion 114 .
  • the main body 111 , the annular portion 112 , and the pair of connection portions 113 are formed by the device layer 52 .
  • the main body 111 has a circular shape when viewed from the Z-axis direction, but may have an arbitrary shape such as an octagonal shape.
  • a metal film is formed on a surface 111 a at the side of the main surface 12 b in the main body 111 so that the mirror surface 11 a is provided.
  • the annular portion 112 is formed in an annular shape so as to surround the main body 111 when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the inner edge and the outer edge of the annular portion 112 are formed in an octagonal shape when viewed from the Z-axis direction, but may be formed in an arbitrary shape such as a circular shape.
  • the pair of connection portions 113 are respectively disposed at one side and the other side of the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction (a direction parallel to the Y axis, a second direction) with respect to the main body 111 .
  • Each connection portion 113 connects the main body 111 and the annular portion 112 to each other.
  • the wall portion 114 is formed by the support layer 51 and the intermediate layer 53 .
  • the wall portion 114 includes an inner wall portion 114 a , an outer wall portion 114 b , and a pair of connection portions 114 c .
  • the inner wall portion 114 a is provided in the surface 111 a of the main body 111 .
  • the inner wall portion 114 a surrounds the mirror surface 11 a when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the inner wall portion 114 a is provided in the surface 111 a of the main body 111 so as to follow the outer edge at the inside of the outer edge of the main body 111 when viewed from the Z-axis direction and to follow the outer edge at the outside of the outer edge of the mirror surface 11 a when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the outer wall portion 114 b is provided in a surface 112 a at the side of the main surface 12 b in the annular portion 112 .
  • the outer wall portion 114 b is provided in the surface 112 a of the annular portion 112 so as to follow the outer edge at the inside of the outer edge of the annular portion 112 when viewed from the Z-axis direction and to follow the inner edge at the outside of the inner edge of the annular portion 112 when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the pair of connection portions 114 c are respectively provided in a surface at the side of the main surface 12 b in the pair of connection portions 113 . Each connection portion 114 c connects the inner wall portion 114 a and the outer wall portion 114 b to each other.
  • the movable mirror 11 further includes a pair of brackets 116 .
  • Each bracket 116 is formed by the device layer 52 .
  • Each bracket 116 has a rectangular shape when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • One bracket 116 is provided in a surface at the side of the first optical function portion 17 in the annular portion 112 so as to protrude toward the first optical function portion 17 .
  • the other bracket 116 is provided in a surface at the side of the second optical function portion 18 in the annular portion 112 so as to protrude toward the second optical function portion 18 (the side opposite to the first optical function portion 17 ).
  • the drive unit 13 includes a first elastic support portion (an elastic support portion) 14 , a second elastic support portion (an elastic support portion) 15 , and an actuator 16 .
  • the first elastic support portion 14 , the second elastic support portion 15 , and the actuator 16 are formed by the device layer 52 .
  • a pair of the first elastic support portion 14 and the second elastic support portion 15 are provided at both sides of the movable mirror 11 in the X-axis direction.
  • Each of the first elastic support portion 14 and the second elastic support portion 15 is connected between the base 12 and the movable mirror 11 .
  • the first elastic support portion 14 and the second elastic support portion 15 support the movable mirror 11 so that the movable mirror 11 is movable along the Z-axis direction.
  • the first elastic support portion 14 includes a pair of levers 141 , a pair of brackets 142 , a link 143 , a pair of electrode support members 144 , a pair of brackets 145 , a link 146 , a pair of first torsion bars (torsion bars) 147 , a pair of second torsion bars 148 , and a pair of non-linear relaxation springs 149 .
  • the pair of levers 141 extend along a plane perpendicular to the Z-axis direction from the movable mirror 11 toward both sides of the first optical function portion 17 in the Y-axis direction. In this embodiment, the pair of levers 141 extend along the main surface 12 a of the base 12 from a gap between the movable mirror 11 and the first optical function portion 17 toward both sides of the first optical function portion 17 in the Y-axis direction.
  • Each lever 141 includes a first portion 141 a which is disposed at the side of the movable mirror 11 and a second portion 141 b which is disposed at the side opposite to the movable mirror 11 with respect to the first portion 141 a .
  • the first portions 141 a extend obliquely so as to be separated from each other as it goes away from the movable mirror 11 .
  • Each second portion 141 b extends along the X-axis direction.
  • the pair of brackets 142 are provided in a surface at the side of the movable mirror 11 in the first portion 141 a so as to protrude toward the movable mirror 11 .
  • Each bracket 142 is bent in a crank shape to the same side when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the link 143 is laid between end portions 141 c at the side of the movable mirror 11 in the levers 141 .
  • the link 143 extends along the Y-axis direction.
  • Each electrode support member 144 has a rectangular shape when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • One electrode support member 144 extends between one lever 141 and the movable mirror 11 and protrudes outward in relation to the movable mirror 11 in the Y-axis direction.
  • the other electrode support member 144 extends between the other lever 141 and the movable mirror 11 and protrudes outward in relation to the movable mirror 11 in the Y-axis direction.
  • the pair of electrode support members 144 are disposed on the same center line parallel to the Y-axis direction when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the pair of brackets 145 are provided in a surface at the side of the first optical function portion 17 in the electrode support member 144 so as to protrude toward the first optical function portion 17 .
  • Each bracket 145 is bent in a crank shape to the same side (here, the side opposite to each bracket 142 ) when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the front end portion of one bracket 145 faces the front end portion of one bracket 142 in the Y-axis direction.
  • the front end portion of the other bracket 145 faces the front end portion of the other bracket 142 in the Y-axis direction.
  • the link 146 is laid between the inner end portions of the electrode support members 144 .
  • the link 146 is formed in a substantially U-shape which is opened toward the movable mirror 11 when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the link 146 faces one bracket 116 of the movable mirror 11 in the Y-axis direction. More specifically, the link 146 includes a pair of side portions 146 a extending in the X-axis direction and facing each other in the Y-axis direction and one bracket 116 is disposed between the pair of side portions 146 a.
  • the first torsion bar 147 is laid between the front end portion of one bracket 142 and the front end portion of one bracket 145 and between the front end portion of the other bracket 142 and the front end portion of the other bracket 145 .
  • the first torsion bar 147 is laid between the bracket 142 and the bracket 145 which bent in a crank shape to the opposite side.
  • One first torsion bar 147 is connected to the end portion 141 c of one lever 141 through one bracket 142 and extends in the Y-axis direction.
  • the other first torsion bar 147 is connected to the end portion 141 c of the other lever 141 through the other bracket 142 and extends in the Y-axis direction.
  • the pair of first torsion bars 147 are disposed on the same axis parallel to the Y-axis direction.
  • the second torsion bar 148 is laid between the base 12 and the end portion 141 d at the side opposite to the movable mirror 11 in one lever 141 and between the base 12 and the end portion 141 d at the side opposite to the movable mirror 11 in the other lever 141 . That is, the end portion 141 d of each lever 141 is connected to the base 12 through the second torsion bar 148 .
  • the end portion 141 d of each lever 141 is provided with a protrusion portion 141 e protruding outward in the Y-axis direction and the second torsion bar 148 is connected to the protrusion portion 141 e .
  • One second torsion bar 148 is connected to the end portion 141 d of one lever 141 through one protrusion portion 141 e and extends along the Y-axis direction.
  • the other second torsion bar 148 is connected to the end portion 141 d of the other lever 141 through the other protrusion portion 141 e and extends along the Y-axis direction.
  • the pair of second torsion bars 148 are disposed on the same axis parallel to the Y-axis direction.
  • the pair of non-linear relaxation springs 149 are respectively disposed at one side and the other side of the Y-axis direction with respect to one bracket 116 of the movable mirror 11 .
  • Each non-linear relaxation spring 149 is connected to the movable mirror 11 through one bracket 116 and is connected to the first torsion bar 147 through the link 146 , the electrode support member 144 , and the bracket 145 . That is, each non-linear relaxation spring 149 is connected between the movable mirror 11 and the first torsion bar 147 .
  • Each non-linear relaxation spring 149 includes a pair of plate-shaped portions 149 a laid between one bracket 116 and the pair of side portions 146 a of the link 146 .
  • Each plate-shaped portion 149 a has a flat plate shape which is perpendicular to the X-axis direction.
  • the pair of plate-shaped portions 149 a face each other in the X-axis direction.
  • the plate-shaped portion 149 a located at one side in the X-axis direction is disposed along one plane perpendicular to the X-axis direction and the plate-shaped portion 149 a located at the other side in the X-axis direction is disposed along another plane perpendicular to the X-axis direction.
  • Each plate-shaped portion 149 a is formed to have, for example, a length (a length in the Y-axis direction) of about 380 ⁇ m, a width (a length in the X-axis direction) of about 5 to 10 ⁇ m, and a thickness (a length in the Z-axis direction) of about 70 ⁇ m.
  • the length of each plate-shaped portion 149 a is longer than each of the length of the first torsion bar 147 and the length of the second torsion bar 148 .
  • the width of each plate-shaped portion 149 a is narrower than each of the width of the first torsion bar 147 and the width of the second torsion bar 148 .
  • the length of the plate-shaped portion 149 a means the length of the plate-shaped portion 149 a without the wide portion.
  • the second elastic support portion 15 includes a pair of levers 151 , a pair of brackets 152 , a link 153 , a pair of electrode support members 154 , a pair of brackets 155 , a link 156 , a pair of first torsion bars (torsion bars) 157 , a pair of second torsion bars 158 , and a pair of non-linear relaxation springs 159 .
  • the pair of levers 151 extend along a plane perpendicular to the Z-axis direction from the movable mirror 11 toward both sides of the second optical function portion 18 in the Y-axis direction. In this embodiment, the pair of levers 151 extend along the main surface 12 a of the base 12 from a gap between the movable mirror 11 and the second optical function portion 18 toward both sides of the second optical function portion 18 in the Y-axis direction.
  • Each lever 151 includes a first portion 151 a which is disposed at the side of the movable mirror 11 and a second portion 151 b which is disposed at the side opposite to the movable mirror 11 with respect to the first portion 151 a .
  • the first portions 151 a extend obliquely so as to be separated from each other as it goes away from the movable mirror 11 .
  • Each second portion 151 b extends along the X-axis direction.
  • the pair of brackets 152 are provided in a surface at the side of the movable mirror 11 in the first portion 151 a so as to protrude toward the movable mirror 11 .
  • Each bracket 152 is bent in a crank shape to the same side (here, the side opposite to each bracket 142 ) when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the link 153 is laid between the end portions 151 c at the side of the movable mirror 11 in the levers 151 .
  • the link 153 extends along the Y-axis direction.
  • Each electrode support member 154 has a rectangular shape when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • One electrode support member 154 extends between one lever 151 and the movable mirror 11 and protrudes outward in relation to the movable mirror 11 in the Y-axis direction.
  • the other electrode support member 154 extends between the other lever 151 and the movable mirror 11 and protrudes outward in relation to the movable mirror 11 in the Y-axis direction.
  • the pair of electrode support members 154 are disposed on the same center line parallel to the Y-axis direction when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the pair of brackets 155 are provided in a surface at the side of the second optical function portion 18 in the electrode support member 154 so as to protrude toward the second optical function portion 18 .
  • Each bracket 155 is bent in a crank shape to the same side (here, the side opposite to each bracket 152 ) when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the front end portion of one bracket 155 faces the front end portion of one bracket 152 in the Y-axis direction.
  • the front end portion of the other bracket 155 faces the front end portion of the other bracket 152 in the Y-axis direction.
  • the link 156 is laid between the inner end portions of the electrode support members 154 .
  • the link 156 is formed in a substantially U-shape which is opened toward the movable mirror 11 when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the link 156 faces the other bracket 116 of the movable mirror 11 in the Y-axis direction. More specifically, the link 156 includes a pair of side portions 156 a extending in the X-axis direction and facing each other in the Y-axis direction and the other bracket 116 is disposed between the pair of side portions 156 a.
  • the first torsion bar 157 is laid between the front end portion of one bracket 152 and the front end portion of one bracket 155 and between the front end portion of the other bracket 152 and the front end portion of the other bracket 155 .
  • the first torsion bar 157 is laid between the bracket 152 and the bracket 155 bent in a crank shape to the opposite side.
  • One first torsion bar 157 is connected to the end portion 151 c of one lever 151 through one bracket 152 and extends in the Y-axis direction.
  • the other first torsion bar 157 is connected to the end portion 151 c of the other lever 151 through the other bracket 152 and extends in the Y-axis direction.
  • the pair of first torsion bars 157 are disposed on the same axis parallel to the Y-axis direction.
  • the second torsion bar 158 is laid between the base 12 and the end portion 151 d at the side opposite to the movable mirror 11 in one lever 151 and between the base 12 and the end portion 151 d at the side opposite to the movable mirror 11 in the other lever 151 . That is, the end portion 151 d of each lever 151 is connected to the base 12 through the second torsion bar 158 .
  • the end portion 151 d of each lever 151 is provided with a protrusion portion 5 e protruding outward in the Y-axis direction and the second torsion bar 158 is connected to the protrusion portion 151 e .
  • One second torsion bar 158 is connected to the end portion 151 d of one lever 151 through one protrusion portion 151 e and extends in the Y-axis direction.
  • the other second torsion bar 158 is connected to the end portion 151 d of the other lever 151 through the other protrusion portion 151 e and extends along the Y-axis direction.
  • the pair of second torsion bars 158 are disposed on the same axis parallel to the Y-axis direction.
  • the pair of non-linear relaxation springs 159 are respectively disposed at one side and the other side of the Y-axis direction with respect to the other bracket 116 of the movable mirror 11 .
  • Each non-linear relaxation spring 159 is connected to the movable mirror 11 through the other bracket 116 and is connected to the first torsion bar 157 through the link 156 , the electrode support member 154 , and the bracket 155 . That is, each non-linear relaxation spring 159 is disposed between the movable mirror 11 and the first torsion bar 157 .
  • Each non-linear relaxation spring 159 includes a pair of plate-shaped portions 159 a laid between the other bracket 116 and the pair of side portions 156 a of the link 156 .
  • Each plate-shaped portion 159 a has a flat plate shape which is perpendicular to the X-axis direction.
  • the pair of plate-shaped portions 159 a face each other in the X-axis direction.
  • the plate-shaped portion 159 a located at one side in the X-axis direction is disposed along one plane perpendicular to the X-axis direction and the plate-shaped portion 159 a located at the other side in the X-axis direction is disposed along another plane perpendicular to the X-axis direction.
  • Each plate-shaped portion 159 a is formed in, for example, the same shape as that of the plate-shaped portion 149 a .
  • the length of each plate-shaped portion 159 a is longer than each of the length of the first torsion bar 157 and the length of the second torsion bar 158 .
  • the width of each plate-shaped portion 159 a is narrower than the width of the first torsion bar 157 and the width of the second torsion bar 158 .
  • Each of the first optical function portion 17 and the second optical function portion 18 is a light passage opening portion formed in the SOI substrate 50 .
  • Each of the first optical function portion 17 and the second optical function portion 18 has a circular cross-sectional shape when viewed from the Z-axis direction, but may be formed in an arbitrary shape such as an octagonal cross-sectional shape.
  • the first optical function portion 17 and the second optical function portion 18 may be void and may be formed of a material having optical transparency with respect to the measurement light L 0 .
  • the first elastic support portion 14 and the second elastic support portion 15 do not have a symmetrical structure with respect to a plane passing through the center of the movable mirror 11 and perpendicular to the X-axis direction and a plane passing through the center of the movable mirror 11 and perpendicular to the Y-axis direction.
  • a portion excluding the pair of brackets 142 and the pair of brackets 145 in the first elastic support portion 14 and a portion excluding the pair of brackets 152 and the pair of brackets 155 in the second elastic support portion 15 have a symmetrical structure with respect to a plane passing through the center of the movable mirror 11 and perpendicular to the X-axis direction and a plane passing through the center of the movable mirror 11 and perpendicular to the Y-axis direction.
  • the actuator 16 moves the movable mirror 11 along the Z-axis direction.
  • the actuator 16 includes a pair of first comb electrodes 161 , a pair of second comb electrodes 162 , a pair of first comb electrodes 163 , and a pair of second comb electrodes 164 .
  • the first comb electrodes 161 and 163 are fixed comb electrodes of which positions are fixed and the second comb electrodes 162 and 164 are movable comb electrodes which move in accordance with the movement of the movable mirror 11 .
  • the pair of first comb electrodes 161 are provided in the base 12 .
  • one first comb electrode 161 is provided in a surface facing one electrode support member 144 in the device layer 52 of the base 12 .
  • the other first comb electrode 161 is provided in a surface facing the other electrode support member 144 in the device layer 52 .
  • Each first comb electrode 161 includes a plurality of first comb fingers 161 a extending along a plane perpendicular to the Y-axis direction.
  • the first comb fingers 161 a are arranged side by side with a predetermined interval in the Y-axis direction.
  • the pair of second comb electrodes 162 are provided at a portion located at the side of the mirror surface 11 a in the X-axis direction in relation to the pair of first torsion bars 147 of the first elastic support portion 14 .
  • one second comb electrode 162 is provided in each of a surface at the side of the movable mirror 11 and a surface at the side of the lever 141 in one electrode support member 144 .
  • the other second comb electrode 162 is provided in each of a surface at the side of the movable mirror 11 and a surface at the side of the lever 141 in the other electrode support member 144 .
  • Each second comb electrode 162 includes a portion located between the movable mirror 11 and the lever 141 when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • Each second comb electrode 162 includes a plurality of second comb fingers 162 a extending along a plane perpendicular to the Y-axis direction.
  • the second comb fingers 162 a are arranged side by side with a predetermined interval in the Y-axis direction.
  • first comb electrode 161 and one second comb electrode 162 the plurality of first comb fingers 161 a and the plurality of second comb fingers 162 a are alternately arranged. That is, each first comb finger 161 a of one first comb electrode 161 is located between the respective second comb fingers 162 a of one second comb electrode 162 .
  • the plurality of first comb fingers 161 a and the plurality of second comb fingers 162 a are alternately arranged. That is, each first comb finger 161 a of the other first comb electrode 161 is located between the respective second comb fingers 162 a of the other second comb electrode 162 .
  • the first comb finger 161 a and the second comb finger 162 a which are adjacent to each other face each other in the Y-axis direction.
  • a distance between the first comb finger 161 a and the second comb finger 162 a which are adjacent to each other is, for example, about several ⁇ m.
  • the pair of first comb electrodes 163 are provided in the base 12 .
  • one first comb electrode 163 is provided in a surface facing one electrode support member 154 in the device layer 52 of the base 12 .
  • the other first comb electrode 163 is provided in a surface facing the other electrode support member 154 in the device layer 52 .
  • Each first comb electrode 163 includes a plurality of first comb fingers 163 a extending along a plane perpendicular to the Y-axis direction.
  • the first comb fingers 163 a are arranged side by side with a predetermined interval in the Y-axis direction.
  • the pair of second comb electrodes 164 are provided in a portion located at the side of the mirror surface 11 a in the X-axis direction in relation to the pair of first torsion bars 157 of the second elastic support portion 15 .
  • one second comb electrode 164 is provided in each of a surface at the side of the movable mirror 11 and a surface at the side of the lever 151 in one electrode support member 154 .
  • the other second comb electrode 164 is provided in each of a surface at the side of the movable mirror 11 and a surface at the side of the lever 151 in the other electrode support member 154 .
  • Each second comb electrode 164 includes a portion located between the movable mirror 11 and the lever 151 when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • Each second comb electrode 164 includes a plurality of second comb fingers 164 a extending along a plane perpendicular to the Y-axis direction.
  • the second comb fingers 164 a are arranged side by side with a predetermined interval in the Y-axis direction.
  • first comb electrode 163 and one second comb electrode 164 the plurality of first comb fingers 163 a and the plurality of second comb fingers 164 a are alternately arranged. That is, each first comb finger 163 a of one first comb electrode 163 is located between the respective second comb fingers 164 a of one second comb electrode 164 .
  • the plurality of first comb fingers 163 a and the plurality of second comb fingers 164 a are alternately arranged. That is, each first comb finger 163 a of the other first comb electrode 163 is located between the respective second comb fingers 164 a of the other second comb electrode 164 .
  • the first comb finger 163 a and the second comb finger 164 a which are adjacent to each other face each other in the Y-axis direction.
  • a distance between the first comb finger 163 a and the second comb finger 164 a which are adjacent to each other is, for example, about several ⁇ m.
  • the base 12 is provided with a plurality of electrode pads 121 and 122 .
  • Each of the electrode pads 121 and 122 is formed in a surface of the device layer 52 inside an opening 12 c formed in the main surface 12 b of the base 12 so as to reach the device layer 52 .
  • Each electrode pad 121 is electrically connected to the first comb electrode 161 or the first comb electrode 163 through the device layer 52 .
  • Each electrode pad 122 is electrically connected to the second comb electrode 162 or the second comb electrode 164 through the first elastic support portion 14 and the main body 111 of the movable mirror 11 or the second elastic support portion 15 and the main body 111 of the movable mirror 11 .
  • the wire 26 is laid between each of the electrode pads 121 and 122 and each lead pin 25 .
  • the optical device 10 when a voltage is applied across the plurality of electrode pads 121 and the plurality of electrode pads 122 through the plurality of lead pins 25 and the plurality of wires 26 , an electrostatic force is generated between the first comb electrodes 161 and 163 and the second comb electrodes 162 and 164 facing each other so as to move, for example, the movable mirror 11 toward one side in the Z-axis direction.
  • the torsion bars 147 , 148 , 157 , and 158 are twisted so that an elastic force is generated in the first elastic support portion 14 and the second elastic support portion 15 .
  • the movable mirror 11 when a periodic electric signal is applied to the drive unit 13 through the plurality of lead pins 25 and the plurality of wires 26 , the movable mirror 11 can be reciprocated along the Z-axis direction at the resonant frequency level. In this way, the drive unit 13 functions as an electrostatic actuator.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing a change in the deformation amount of the first torsion bar 147 , the second torsion bar 148 , and the non-linear relaxation spring 149 around the Y-axis direction with respect to the movement amount of the movable mirror 11 in the Z-axis direction.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing a change in the deformation amount of the first torsion bar 147 , the second torsion bar 148 , and the non-linear relaxation spring 149 in the X-axis direction with respect to the movement amount of the movable mirror 11 in the Z-axis direction.
  • the deformation amount of the first torsion bar 147 , the second torsion bar 148 , and the non-linear relaxation spring 149 around the Y-axis direction means, for example, an absolute value of a twist amount (twist angle).
  • the deformation amount of the first torsion bar 147 , the second torsion bar 148 , and the non-linear relaxation spring 149 in the X-axis direction means, for example, an absolute value of bending.
  • the deformation amount of the non-linear relaxation spring 149 around the Y-axis direction means, for example, the deformation amount of one plate-shaped portion 149 a constituting the non-linear relaxation spring 149 around the Y-axis direction.
  • the deformation amount of the non-linear relaxation spring 149 in the X-axis direction means, for example, the deformation amount of one plate-shaped portion 149 a constituting the non-linear relaxation spring 149 in the X-axis direction.
  • the deformation amount of a certain member around the Y-axis direction means the deformation amount of the member in the circumferential direction of the circle about the axis parallel to the Y axis and passing through the center of the member.
  • each of the first torsion bar 147 , the second torsion bar 148 , and the non-linear relaxation spring 149 is deformed in the same direction around the Y-axis direction.
  • the deformation amount of each of the first torsion bar 147 , the second torsion bar 148 , and the non-linear relaxation spring 149 around the Y-axis direction linearly increases.
  • the deformation amount of the first torsion bar 147 is smaller than the deformation amount of the second torsion bar 148 and the deformation amount of the non-linear relaxation spring 149 is much smaller than each of the deformation amount of the first torsion bar 147 and the deformation amount of the second torsion bar 148 .
  • the non-linear relaxation spring 149 is largely deformed in the X-axis direction and the first torsion bar 147 and the second torsion bar 148 are not substantially deformed in the X-axis direction.
  • the deformation direction of the first torsion bar 147 is the same as the deformation direction of the non-linear relaxation spring 149 and is opposite to the deformation direction of the second torsion bar 148 .
  • the deformation amount of the non-linear relaxation spring 149 in the X-axis direction increases quadratically.
  • the deformation amount of the first torsion bar 147 is substantially the same as the deformation amount of the second torsion bar 148 and the deformation amount of the non-linear relaxation spring 149 is much larger than each of the deformation amount of the first torsion bar 147 and the deformation amount of the second torsion bar 148 .
  • the non-linear relaxation spring 149 is configured so that the deformation amount of the non-linear relaxation spring 149 around the Y-axis direction is smaller than the deformation amount of each of the torsion bars 147 and 148 around the Y-axis direction and the deformation amount of the non-linear relaxation spring 149 in the X-axis direction is larger than the deformation amount of each of the torsion bars 147 and 148 in the X-axis direction while the movable mirror 11 moves in the Z-axis direction.
  • the non-linear relaxation spring 159 is configured so that the deformation amount of the non-linear relaxation spring 159 around the Y-axis direction is smaller than the deformation amount of each of the torsion bars 157 and 158 around the Y-axis direction and the deformation amount of the non-linear relaxation spring 159 in the X-axis direction is larger than the deformation amount of each of the torsion bars 157 and 158 in the X-axis direction while the movable mirror 11 moves in the Z-axis direction. Furthermore, a relationship between the deformation amount around the Y-axis direction and the deformation amount in the X-axis direction of these members may be satisfied within a predetermined movable range of the movable mirror 11 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an optical device of a comparative example and FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the optical device 10 of the above-described embodiment.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate that a part of the configuration of the optical device 10 when viewed from the Y-axis direction is simplified.
  • the comparative example corresponds to an example in which the non-linear relaxation springs 149 and 159 are not provided in the optical device 10 of the above-described embodiment and each bracket 116 is connected to the electrode support members 144 and 154 by a rigid member.
  • a movable mirror 1011 , levers 1141 and 1151 , first torsion bars 1147 and 1157 , and second torsion bars 1148 and 1158 of the comparative example respectively correspond to the movable mirror 11 , the levers 141 and 151 , the first torsion bars 147 and 157 , and the second torsion bars 148 and 158 of the optical device 10 of the above-described embodiment.
  • the side of the first torsion bar 1157 is exemplified, but the same applies to the side of the first torsion bar 1147 .
  • the first torsion bar 1157 moves only by the torsional deformation of the second torsion bar 1158 when the movable mirror 1011 of the comparative example moves in the Z-axis direction
  • the first torsion bar 1157 moves to the position B and moves away from the movable mirror 1011 by the distance L between the position A and the position B.
  • the first torsion bar 1157 and the second torsion bar 1158 are actually bent and deformed in the X-axis direction by the distance L.
  • the non-linear relaxation spring 159 is deformed in the X-axis direction so as to be larger than the first torsion bar 157 and the second torsion bar 158 while being deformed around the Y-axis direction so as to be smaller than the first torsion bar 157 and the second torsion bar 158 . Accordingly, it is possible to suppress the first torsion bar 157 and the second torsion bar 158 from being bent and deformed in the X-axis direction. As a result, it is possible to suppress nonlinearity in the torsional deformation of the first torsion bar 157 and the second torsion bar 158 .
  • FIG. 8 a relationship between the restoring force acting on the movable mirror 11 and the movement amount of the movable mirror 11 when there is no nonlinearity is indicated by a dashed line and the relationship when there is nonlinearity is indicated by a solid line. As shown in FIGS.
  • a spring having characteristics as in the comparative example is called a hardened spring (or gradually hardened spring).
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 are graphs showing a relationship between the driving frequency and the movement amount of the movable mirror 11 when nonlinearity is small and large.
  • a frequency characteristic when there is no nonlinearity is indicated by a dashed line and a frequency characteristic when there is nonlinearity is indicated by a solid line.
  • the frequency characteristic is distorted and the movement amount of the movable mirror 11 at the peak of the graph is small as compared with a case in which there is no nonlinearity.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 show an example of the frequency characteristic, but the frequency characteristic is not limited thereto.
  • the behavior of the movable mirror 11 is different for the case of performing a control of increasing the driving frequency from a relatively small initial value and the case of performing a control of decreasing the driving frequency from a relatively large initial value.
  • the movement amount of the movable mirror 11 becomes a movement amount corresponding to the point X 1 or corresponding to the point X 2 due to external influences such as impact and vibration and hence the operation becomes unstable due to the movement amount.
  • the external force resistance of the movable mirror 11 in the Y-axis direction is higher than the external force resistance of the movable mirror 11 in the X-axis direction.
  • the first comb finger 161 a and the second comb finger 162 a which are adjacent to each other face each other in the direction (the Y-axis direction) in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction.
  • first comb finger 163 a and the second comb finger 164 a which are adjacent to each other face each other in the direction (the Y-axis direction) in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction.
  • each of the first comb fingers 161 a and 163 a and the second comb fingers 162 a and 164 a extends along a plane perpendicular to the direction (the Y-axis direction) in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction.
  • the pair of second comb electrodes 162 are provided along the pair of electrode support members 144 extending along a plane perpendicular to the Z-axis direction on the mirror surface 11 a side with respect to the pair of first torsion bars 147 and the pair of second comb electrodes 164 are provided along the pair of electrode support members 154 extending along a plane perpendicular to the Z-axis direction on the mirror surface 11 a side with respect to the pair of first torsion bars 157 .
  • the external force resistance of the movable mirror 11 corresponds to the movement amount of the movable mirror 11 along an external force applying direction when an external force of a certain magnitude (for example, acceleration) is applied to the movable mirror 11 along a direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and is a characteristic that the external force resistance is higher as the movement amount is smaller.
  • the external force resistance of the movable mirror 11 corresponds to the magnitude of the external force necessary for moving the movable mirror 11 by a predetermined movement amount along a direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and is a characteristic that the external force resistance is higher as the magnitude of the external force is larger.
  • the external force resistance of the movable mirror 11 can be obtained from the natural frequency of the movable mirror 11 in a direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and the external force resistance is higher as the natural frequency is higher.
  • the natural frequency of the movable mirror 11 in the X-axis direction is about 2600 Hz and the natural frequency of the movable mirror 11 in the Y-axis direction is about 4300 Hz. Accordingly, it is proved that the external force resistance of the movable mirror 11 in the Y-axis direction is higher than the external force resistance of the movable mirror 11 in the X-axis direction.
  • the natural frequency of the movable mirror 11 in the Z-axis direction is about 300 Hz. Furthermore, the natural frequency of the movable mirror 11 in the X-axis direction is an analysis result when the width of the plate-shaped portion 149 a (the length in the X-axis direction) is 10 ⁇ m. When the width of the plate-shaped portion 149 a is 5 ⁇ m, the natural frequency of the movable mirror 11 in the X-axis direction is about 1100 Hz, but the natural frequency of the movable mirror 11 in the Y-axis direction and the natural frequency of the movable mirror 11 in the Z-axis direction hardly change.
  • a model corresponding to the optical device 10 is created and a direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance in the Y-axis direction or the X-axis direction in the created model is measured (a measuring step).
  • a simulation model is created by using a computer, an operation analysis is performed by using the simulation model, and a direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance is measured.
  • an optical device is actually made as a model, an operation analysis is performed by using the optical device, and a direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance is measured.
  • the optical device 10 is manufactured so as to correspond to the created model when the first comb finger 161 a and the second comb finger 162 a which are adjacent to each other face each other in the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance and the first comb finger 163 a and the second comb finger 164 a which are adjacent to each other face each other in the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance in the created model as a result of measuring the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance (a manufacturing step).
  • the first elastic support portion 14 includes the first torsion bar 147 and the lever 141 and the second comb electrode 162 is provided in a portion (specifically, the electrode support member 144 ) of the first elastic support portion 14 , the portion being located on the mirror surface 11 a side with respect to the first torsion bar 147 .
  • the second elastic support portion 15 includes the first torsion bar 157 and the lever 151 and the second comb electrode 164 is provided in a portion (specifically, the electrode support member 154 ) of the second elastic support portion 15 located on the mirror surface 11 a side with respect to the first torsion bar 157 .
  • the first comb finger 161 a and the second comb finger 162 a which are adjacent to each other face each other in the Y-axis direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction.
  • the first comb finger 163 a and the second comb finger 164 a which are adjacent to each other face each other in the Y-axis direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction. Accordingly, when the movable mirror 11 moves in the Z-axis direction, the second comb finger 162 a hardly contacts the first comb finger 161 a which is adjacent thereto and the second comb finger 164 a hardly contacts the first comb finger 163 a which is adjacent thereto. As described above, according to the optical device 10 , it is possible to largely move the movable mirror 11 along a predetermined direction (the Z-axis direction) while suppressing the occurrence of sticking.
  • the pair of first elastic support portion 14 and the second elastic support portion 15 are disposed on both sides of the movable mirror 11 in the X-axis direction.
  • the pair of first elastic support portion 14 and the second elastic support portion 15 are disposed on both sides of the movable mirror 11 , it is possible to largely move the movable mirror 11 along the Z-axis direction with a simpler configuration.
  • the movable mirror 11 tends to easily move also in a direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction.
  • the first comb finger 161 a and the second comb finger 162 a which are adjacent to each other face each other in the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance
  • the first comb finger 163 a and the second comb finger 164 a which are adjacent to each other face each other in the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance. For that reason, the occurrence of sticking can be suppressed.
  • first comb finger 161 a and the second comb finger 162 a which are adjacent to each other face each other in the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction and the first comb finger 163 a and the second comb finger 164 a which are adjacent to each other face each other in the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction.
  • the first elastic support portion 14 includes an electrode support member 144 provided on the mirror surface 11 a side with respect to the first torsion bar 147 so as to extend along a plane perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and the second comb electrode 162 is provided along the electrode support member 144 .
  • the second elastic support portion 15 includes an electrode support member 154 provided on the mirror surface 11 a side with respect to the first torsion bar 157 so as to extend along a plane perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and the second comb electrode 164 is provided along the electrode support member 154 .
  • the second comb electrodes 162 and 164 can be disposed efficiently (that is, without taking an extra area) at an appropriate position (that is, a position in which the movable mirror 11 can be largely moved along the Z-axis direction without generating a large electrostatic force between the first comb electrode 161 and the second comb electrode 162 and between the first comb electrode 163 and the second comb electrode 164 ).
  • the method for manufacturing the optical device 10 it is possible to highly efficiently obtain the optical device 10 capable of largely moving the movable mirror 11 along a predetermined direction (the Z-axis direction) while suppressing the occurrence of sticking.
  • FIG. 12 is a plan view of the optical device 10 of a modified example.
  • the optical device 10 of the modified example is mainly different from the optical device 10 of the above-described embodiment in that the first elastic support portion 14 and the second elastic support portion 15 do not respectively include the pair of electrode support members 144 and the pair of electrode support members 154 and the pair of first comb electrodes 161 and the pair of second comb electrodes 162 are disposed along the outer edge of the movable mirror 11 .
  • the pair of first comb electrodes 161 are provided in the base 12 .
  • the pair of first comb electrodes 161 are respectively provided in the surfaces facing the outer surfaces 112 a and 112 a of the annular portion 112 in the Y-axis direction in the device layer 52 of the base 12 .
  • Each first comb electrode 161 includes a plurality of first comb fingers 161 a extending along a plane perpendicular to the X-axis direction.
  • the first comb fingers 161 a are arranged side by side with a predetermined interval in the X-axis direction.
  • the pair of second comb electrodes 162 are provided along the outer edge of the movable mirror 11 .
  • the pair of second comb electrodes 162 are respectively provided in the outer surfaces 112 a and 112 a of the annular portion 112 in the Y-axis direction.
  • the second comb electrodes 162 are arranged in the entire surface 112 a of the annular portion 112 when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • Each second comb electrode 162 includes a plurality of second comb fingers 162 a extending along a plane perpendicular to the X-axis direction.
  • the second comb fingers 162 a are arranged side by side with a predetermined interval in the X-axis direction.
  • each first comb finger 161 a of one first comb electrode 161 is located between the respective second comb fingers 162 a of one second comb electrode 162 .
  • the plurality of first comb fingers 161 a and the plurality of second comb fingers 162 a are alternately arranged. That is, each first comb finger 161 a of the other first comb electrode 161 is located between the respective second comb fingers 162 a of the other second comb electrode 162 .
  • a distance between the first comb finger 161 a and the second comb finger 162 a which are adjacent to each other is, for example, about several ⁇ m.
  • the external force resistance of the movable mirror 11 in the X-axis direction is higher than the external force resistance of the movable mirror 11 in the Y-axis direction.
  • the first comb finger 161 a and the second comb finger 162 a which are adjacent to each other face each other in the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance (the X-axis direction) in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction.
  • first comb fingers 161 a and the second comb fingers 162 a extend along a plane perpendicular to a direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance (the X-axis direction) in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction.
  • the natural frequency of the movable mirror 11 in the Y-axis direction is about 4300 Hz and the natural frequency of the movable mirror 11 in the X-axis direction is about 4900 Hz. Accordingly, it is proved that the external force resistance of the movable mirror 11 in the X-axis direction is higher than the external force resistance of the movable mirror 11 in the Y-axis direction.
  • the natural frequency of the movable mirror 11 in the Z-axis direction is about 300 Hz.
  • a direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance is the X-axis direction and the second comb electrode 162 is provided along the outer edge of the movable mirror 11 . Accordingly, in the optical device 10 in which a direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher external force resistance is the X-axis direction, the second comb electrode 162 can be disposed efficiently (that is, without taking an extra area) at an appropriate position (that is, a position in which the movable mirror 11 can be largely moved along the Z-axis direction without generating a large electrostatic force between the first comb electrode 161 and the second comb electrode 162 ).
  • the first comb finger 161 a and the second comb finger 162 a which are adjacent to each other may face each other in the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has the highest external force resistance, of direction perpendiculars to the Z-axis direction.
  • the first comb finger 163 a and the second comb finger 164 a which are adjacent to each other may face each other in the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has the highest external force resistance, of directions perpendicular to the Z-axis direction.
  • Such an optical device 10 can be manufactured as below.
  • a model corresponding to the optical device 10 is created and a direction in which the movable mirror 11 has the highest external force resistance, of directions perpendicular to the Z-axis direction in the created model is measured.
  • the optical device 10 is manufactured so as to correspond to the created model when the first comb finger 161 a and the second comb finger 162 a which are adjacent to each other face each other in the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has the highest external force resistance and the first comb finger 163 a and the second comb finger 164 a which are adjacent to each other face each other in the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has the highest external force resistance in the created model as a result of measuring the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has the highest external force resistance.
  • the first comb finger 161 a and the second comb finger 162 a which are adjacent to each other may face each other in the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has the highest external force resistance, of directions perpendicular to the Z-axis direction.
  • Such an optical device 10 can be manufactured as below. First, a model corresponding to the optical device 10 is created and a direction in which the movable mirror 11 has the highest external force resistance, of directions perpendicular to the Z-axis direction in the created model is measured.
  • the optical device 10 is manufactured so as to correspond to the created model when the first comb finger 161 a and the second comb finger 162 a which are adjacent to each other face each other in the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has the highest external force resistance in the created model as a result of measuring the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has the highest external force resistance.
  • the second comb electrode 162 may be provided in a portion located at the side of the mirror surface 11 a in relation to the first torsion bar 147 in the X-axis direction in at least one of the movable mirror 11 and the first elastic support portion 14 .
  • the second comb electrode 164 may be provided in a portion located at the side of the mirror surface 11 a in relation to the first torsion bar 157 in the X-axis direction in at least one of the movable mirror 11 and the second elastic support portion 15 .
  • the drive unit 13 may include three or more elastic support portions.
  • the optical device 10 may include a movable portion provided with another optical function portion other than the mirror surface 11 a instead of the movable mirror 11 .
  • another optical function portion for example, a lens or the like can be exemplified.
  • the first elastic support portion 14 may further include a pair of levers.
  • the pair of levers are disposed on both sides of the first optical function portion 17 and extend along the X-axis direction.
  • An end portion at the side opposite to the mirror surface 11 a in one lever is connected to the protrusion portion 141 e of one lever 141 through one second torsion bar 148 .
  • An end portion at the side opposite to the mirror surface 11 a in the other lever is connected to the protrusion portion 141 e of the other lever 141 through the other second torsion bar 148 .
  • An end portion at the side of the mirror surface 11 a in each of the pair of levers may be fixed to the base 12 or may be connected to the base 12 through the torsion bar. When an end portion at the side of the mirror surface 11 a in each of the pair of levers is fixed to the base 12 , for example, the pair of levers are bent and deformed. The same applies to the second elastic support portion 15 .
  • the non-linear relaxation spring 149 is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
  • the length of the plate-shaped portion 149 a in the Y-axis direction may be equal to or smaller than the length of the torsion bars 147 and 148 .
  • the width of the plate-shaped portion 149 a (the length in the X-axis direction) may be equal to or smaller than the width of the torsion bars 147 and 148 .
  • the plate-shaped portion 149 a may extend in an arbitrary direction.
  • the non-linear relaxation spring 149 may include single or three or more plate-shaped portions 149 a .
  • the pair of non-linear relaxation springs 149 are provided in the first elastic support portion 14 , but single or three or more non-linear relaxation springs 149 may be provided.
  • the non-linear relaxation spring 149 may not include the plate-shaped portion 149 a . The same applies to the non-linear relaxation spring 159 .
  • the fixed mirror 21 may be disposed not only at a position right below the first optical function portion 17 but also at a position right below the second optical function portion 18 .
  • the fixed mirror 21 may be provided on the main surface 12 a of the device layer 52 .
  • the light passage opening portion functioning as the first optical function portion 17 and the second optical function portion 18 is not formed in the SOI substrate 50 .
  • the optical module 1 is not limited to one constituting the FTIR, but may constitute another optical system.
  • the first comb finger 161 a and the second comb finger 162 a which are adjacent to each other may face each other in the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher or highest external force resistance. That is, a side surface of the first comb finger 161 a and a side surface of the second comb finger 162 a facing each other may face each other in the direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher or highest external force resistance. As an example, at least one of the first comb finger 161 a and the second comb finger 162 a may extend while being inclined with respect to a plane perpendicular to a direction in which the movable mirror 11 has higher or highest external force resistance.
  • first comb finger 161 a and the second comb finger 162 a may be bent in an arcuate shape when viewed from the Z-axis direction. The same applies to the first comb finger 163 a and the second comb finger 164 a.
  • 10 optical device
  • 12 base
  • 14 first elastic support portion (elastic support portion)
  • 15 second elastic support portion (elastic support portion)
  • 161 , 163 first comb electrode, 161 a , 163 a : first comb finger, 162 , 164 : second comb electrode, 162 a , 164 a : second comb finger.

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  • Encapsulation Of And Coatings For Semiconductor Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
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TWI784024B (zh) 2022-11-21
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EP3650916A4 (en) 2021-03-10
EP3650916A1 (en) 2020-05-13

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