US20210015631A1 - Implant inserter - Google Patents
Implant inserter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20210015631A1 US20210015631A1 US17/061,632 US202017061632A US2021015631A1 US 20210015631 A1 US20210015631 A1 US 20210015631A1 US 202017061632 A US202017061632 A US 202017061632A US 2021015631 A1 US2021015631 A1 US 2021015631A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- instrument
- central shaft
- tip
- implant
- attachment tip
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
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Images
Classifications
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4603—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
- A61F2/4611—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof of spinal prostheses
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/4455—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
- A61F2/4465—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages having a circular or kidney shaped cross-section substantially perpendicular to the axis of the spine
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30841—Sharp anchoring protrusions for impaction into the bone, e.g. sharp pins, spikes
- A61F2002/30843—Pyramidally-shaped
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4603—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
- A61F2002/4625—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use
- A61F2002/4627—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use with linear motion along or rotating motion about the instrument axis or the implantation direction, e.g. telescopic, along a guiding rod, screwing inside the instrument
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4603—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
- A61F2002/4625—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use
- A61F2002/4628—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use with linear motion along or rotating motion about an axis transverse to the instrument axis or to the implantation direction, e.g. clamping
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4603—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
- A61F2002/4629—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof connected to the endoprosthesis or implant via a threaded connection
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates generally to devices used to install implants between vertebrae.
- intervertebral discs are discs that lie between vertebrae. Damage to these discs can result from sports injuries, accidents, infections, wear and tear over time and other causes.
- One type of treatment for this damage involves removal of the damaged disc between vertebrae and insertion of an implant into the disc space. The insertion of the implant can maintain the natural separation between vertebrae.
- Spinal inserter instruments can be used to install implants between vertebrae. These devices are usually operated manually and can include elements such as distractor arms to spread apart the disc space and a shaft with a holder used to grip the implant and move it into position. After the implant is inserted, the instrument can be removed.
- An apparatus for inserting an implant between vertebrae includes a body having a through bore, a central shaft movable within the through bore, the central shaft having a proximal end and a distal end.
- the apparatus includes a pair of distractor arms having proximal portions and distal portions, the proximal portions pivotally coupled to the body and distal portions for engagement between the vertebrae.
- Tracking slots are formed in and extend through surfaces of and along a longitudinal axes of the distractor arms and an attachment tip is operably connected to the central shaft, the attachment tip is configured to grip the implant.
- the apparatus includes a single guide member projecting outward from the attachment tip and the attachment tip is removably connectable to the central shaft in multiple configurations.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example embodiment of an implant inserter
- FIG. 2 is a top view of the implant inserter shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken on line A-A of FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an example embodiment of an attachment tip that can be used with the implant inserter of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 5 is a side view of the attachment tip shown in FIG. 4 ;
- FIG. 6 is a top sectional view taken on line A-A of FIG. 5 with an example embodiment of an implant
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the attachment tip of FIG. 4 with the example implant of FIG. 6 ;
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an example embodiment of a pronged attachment tip that can be used with the implant inserter of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 9 is a side view of the attachment tip shown in FIG. 8 ;
- FIG. 10 is a top sectional view taken on line A-A of FIG. 9 ;
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the attachment tip of FIG. 8 with an example embodiment of an implant.
- FIGS. 1-3 illustrate an embodiment of an implant inserter 10 for inserting an implant between vertebrae (not shown).
- the implant inserter 10 can include a body 12 that has a bore 14 and a central shaft 16 that is movable through the bore 14 .
- the central shaft 16 has a proximal end (closer to the user) and a distal end (closer to the surgical site).
- a pair of distractor arms 18 have proximal portions pivotally coupled to the body 12 and distal portions for engagement between the vertebrae.
- the central shaft 16 includes a tip adapter 20 located at its distal end.
- an attachment tip 40 is operably connected to the tip adapter 20 and central shaft 16 .
- the attachment tip 40 is configured to grip the implant 4 in a manner that the implant 4 can be easily inserted between the vertebrae.
- the attachment tip 40 is designed to be attached in multiple configurations relative to the general plane of operation of the implant inserter 10 .
- the attachment tip in part ensures proper guidance, alignment and insertion of the implant.
- the body 12 includes a first tubular portion 22 and a second tubular portion 24 .
- the first tubular portion 22 may be centrally located so that a user can optionally hold it for support and guidance during operation of the implant inserter 10 .
- the first tubular portion 22 includes recesses 26 formed therein to provide texture for the user's grip.
- the first tubular portion 22 has internal threads (not shown) formed at its distal end and configured to accept external threads that can be formed on the central shaft 16 .
- the shaft includes a handle 11 for ease of use and operation.
- the first tubular portion 22 has a clutch mechanism or actuator 23 , that can have an off position and an engaged position.
- the actuator 23 when the actuator 23 is in the off position, the central shaft slides freely and can be driven longitudinally straight forward in a distal direction.
- the actuator 23 can be moved to the engaged position.
- the central shaft 16 When the actuator 23 is in the engaged position, the central shaft 16 does not slide freely, however it can be moved forward through rotation of the handle.
- the actuator 23 is a push button. It can also be a cam mechanism. Any suitable clutch mechanism can be used for the actuator 23 .
- the actuator 23 may include a mode that allows for the user to use a ratchet type action to drive the central shaft 16 forward.
- a dial 13 positioned just distal to the handle 11 and can be rotated to move the tip adapter to engage and disengage the implant. The dial 11 provides precision control.
- the body can have a second tubular portion 24 that is tapered and extends from a distal end of the body 12 .
- the second tubular 24 portion provides an additional guiding support for the central shaft 16 .
- Windows 28 are included in the second tubular portion 24 so that a user can track the progress of the central shaft 16 .
- first tubular portion 22 and second tubular portion 24 are generally circular in cross section. However, any cross sectional shape could be used, for example but not limited to rectangular, elliptical or square.
- the first tubular portion 22 and the second tubular portion 24 can be joined using an interference fit, adhesive or a threaded connection.
- the first tubular portion 22 and second tubular portion 24 can be monolithically molded as one piece.
- the first tubular portion and second tubular portion may be comprised of aluminum, steel, plastic, and/or silicone.
- any material suitable for surgical applications may be used, such as but not limited to plastic, composite and metal.
- the central shaft 16 has a proximal end and a distal end.
- the proximal end of the central shaft includes external threads 30 sized and configured to join with internal threads formed on the first tubular portion 22 of the body 12 .
- the remaining distal portion of the central shaft 16 can be straight without threads or can include ball, triangular, trapezoidal, and/or square screws.
- the central shaft 16 is circular in cross section.
- the central shaft 16 can be any cross sectional shape such as but not limited to elliptical, square or rectangular.
- the central shaft may be made of steel. However, any material suitable for surgical applications may be used, such as but not limited to plastic, composite and metal.
- a tip adapter 20 is formed at the distal end of the central shaft 16 .
- the tip adapter 20 and the distal end of the central shaft are sized and shaped to interface with and retain the attachment tip 40 .
- a pair of distractor arms 18 are pivotally coupled to the second tubular portion 24 of the body 12 .
- the distractor arms 18 are attachable to a coupling adapter 32 including two slots 34 .
- the coupling adapter 32 is releasably attached to the second tubular portion 24 .
- the second tubular portion 24 and the coupling adapter 34 are formed as one monolithic piece.
- Coupling pins 36 can be placed through slots 34 to join proximal ends of the distractor arms 18 to the coupling adapter 32 .
- This configuration permits the distractor arms 18 to freely pivot.
- distractor arms 18 can easily be interchanged for different sizes depending upon the particular requirements of the user, procedure, and surgical application. In addition to providing interchangeability, this configuration allows for distractor arms 18 to be easily removed for cleaning and sterilization.
- At least one of the distractor arms 18 includes a tracking slot 38 extending along its length from the proximal to distal ends.
- Stop members 39 are formed at the distal ends of the distractor arms 18 and are shaped and configured to abut against vertebrae to provide stability during the operation of the inserter instrument.
- the stop members 39 include a forward rectangular endface designed to abut the vertebrae.
- the stop members 39 can be adjustable for varying depths.
- the attachment tip 40 can be operably connected to the central shaft 16 .
- the proximal end of the attachment tip 40 includes a detent groove 41 and also has an internally disposed central bore 42 .
- the detent groove 41 is designed to interface with a corresponding rib (not shown) on the central shaft 16 .
- the tip adapter 20 and central shaft 16 are attached by threading the tip adapter 20 into the central bore 42 and sliding the rib on the second tubular portion 24 into the detent groove 41 to provide a secure connection between the central shaft 16 and the attachment tip 40 .
- tip adapter 20 is slid, the attachment tip 40 slides onto the central shaft 16 through detent groove 41 , causing the slider to capture the attachment tip 40 .
- a distal face of the attachment tip 40 includes fastening features configured to grip and retain an implant.
- the fastening features include a screw thread tip 44 and a rib 46 .
- implant 4 may include a tapped recess 48 that is sized and shaped to cooperate with threads on the screw thread tip 44 .
- implant 4 can also include recesses 49 adapted to cooperate with ribs 46 to provide an interference fit between attachment tip 40 and implant 4 .
- a guide member or fin 50 projects in a generally orthogonal outward direction from the attachment tip 40 .
- Fin 50 is sized, shaped and configured to slide within tracking slot 38 of guide member 18 to help guide the attachment tip 40 towards moving the implant 4 into a proper position between the vertebrae.
- the guide member or fin 50 may also be configured to slide on the outside of the guide member 18 .
- the fin 50 is monolithically formed as part of the attachment tip 40 .
- the fin 50 is a separate piece that can be secured to the attachment tip 40 in a number of ways including but not limited to using a rib and recess, rail and groove, a fastener or adhesive.
- the fin 50 is triangular shaped in cross section or tapered.
- the fin 50 may have any size or shape suitable to cooperate with the tracking slot.
- the pronged attachment tip 52 can be operably connected to the central shaft 16 .
- the proximal end of the pronged attachment tip 52 includes a detent groove 51 and also has an internally disposed central bore 52 .
- the detent groove 51 interfaces with a corresponding rib (not shown) on the central shaft 16 .
- a distal surface of the pronged attachment tip 52 has a base portion 54 with fastening features configured to releasably grip an implant 6 .
- the fastening features include a pair of prongs 56 pivotally attached to the base portion 54 .
- a support shaft 58 extends distally outward between the prongs 56 .
- Prongs 56 have distal end faces 55 including inwardly facing ribs 57 .
- prongs 56 also include distal slots 53 and lateral openings 59 .
- a support member 60 is attached to the distal portion of the pronged attachment tip 52 .
- the support member has pins 62 designed to ride in the distal slots 53 .
- a central recess 64 is disposed within the support member 60 and sized and shaped to receive the support shaft 58 .
- the support shaft 58 has threads and the central recess 64 may be tapped to correspond to the threads formed on the support shaft 58 .
- guide member or fin 66 projects in a generally orthogonal outward direction from the pronged attachment tip 52 .
- Fin 66 is sized, shaped and configured to slide within tracking slot 38 of guide member 18 to help guide the pronged attachment tip 52 and the implant 6 into a proper position between the vertebrae.
- the fin 66 may be monolithically formed as part of the pronged attachment tip 52 .
- the fin 66 is a separate piece that can be secured to the pronged attachment tip 52 in a number of ways including but not limited to using a rib and recess, rail and groove, a fastener or adhesive.
- the fin 66 is triangular shaped in cross section or tapered.
- the fin 66 may have any size or shape suitable to cooperate with the tracking slot 38 .
- the pronged attachment tip 52 is adapted to grip an implant 6 and act as a retainer in a manner that is secure but can also easily be released when necessary.
- implant 6 may include recesses 7 adapted to cooperate with ribs 57 to provide an interference fit between the pronged attachment tip 52 and implant 6 .
- Prongs 56 are pivotable about base portion 54 to accommodate implants 6 of differing width, size and shape.
- attachment tip 40 and pronged attachment tip 52 are designed to be attached in multiple configurations relative to the general plane of operation of the inserter instrument 12 .
- attachment tip 40 is oriented such that fin 50 projects upwardly (as shown) relative to the plane of the inserter instrument 12 .
- the pronged attachment tip 52 is oriented such that the fin 66 projects downwardly (as shown) relative to the plane of the inserter instrument 12 .
- the attachment tip 40 could be attached and configured so that the fin 50 projects orthogonally downwardly or upwardly, and the pronged attachment tip 52 could be configured so that the fin 66 projects orthogonally upwardly. In all of the foregoing configurations the fin would still slide along the tracking slots 38 to guide and ensure proper alignment of the attachment tip 40 , 52 .
- the attachment tips may be made of steel composite/However, any material suitable for surgical applications may be used, such as but not limited to plastic, composite and metal.
- implant inserter 10 is used during a surgical procedure to deliver an implant 6 to a disc space (not shown) formed between vertebrae.
- the inserter 12 is first set to a start position where the central shaft 16 is fully withdrawn and the tip of the central shaft 16 is proximate the distal end of the body.
- a single distractor arm 38 or the pair of distractor arms 38 can be pivoted open to provide space to insert an attachment tip 40 , 52 .
- the pronged attachment tip 52 is joined to the tip adapter 20 and central shaft 16 .
- the implant 6 can then be inserted into the pronged attachment tip 52 so that it is firmly gripped by the pronged attachment tip 52 .
- Distractor arms 18 are pivoted to a closed position as shown in FIG. 1 , such that the fin is aligned with and projects through either the upper or lower tracking slot 38 to ensure proper alignment and tracking.
- the implant inserter 10 is placed so that the stop members 39 abut the outside of the vertebrae and the distal ends of the distractor arms 38 enter the disc space. Stop members 39 provide a stable support for the implant inserter 10 so that it does not become inadvertently dislodged during operation.
- the central shaft 16 is driven forward by pushing or rotating the handle 11 depending on the mode of the actuator 23 .
- the pronged attachment tip 52 and implant 6 move along in a distal direction towards the disc space.
- the distractor arms 38 move away from each other to effectively spread the disc space.
- the pronged attachment tip 52 and implant 6 are moved beyond the distal ends of the distractor arms 38 .
- the fin 66 can abut against the vertebrae.
- the tapered design of the fin tracks the profile of the vertebrae and provides additional support during final insertion of the implant 6 into the disc space, and for the start of withdrawal.
- the central shaft 16 may be pulled out of the surgical site by pulling freely, twisting the handle 11 or using the dial 13 . This will move the central shaft 16 from a distal to proximal direction out of the space between the vertebrae.
- the implant inserter 10 can be used for posterior, lateral, oblique, anterior and other alternate approaches.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Prostheses (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This patent application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/906,133 filed on Feb. 27, 2018, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/878,027 filed on Oct. 8, 2015 (published as U.S. Patent Publication No. 2016/0022439), which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/408,188 filed on Feb. 29, 2012 (now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,186,263), the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties for all purposes.
- The present disclosure relates generally to devices used to install implants between vertebrae.
- Portions of the spine are linked together in part by intervertebral discs, which are discs that lie between vertebrae. Damage to these discs can result from sports injuries, accidents, infections, wear and tear over time and other causes. One type of treatment for this damage, involves removal of the damaged disc between vertebrae and insertion of an implant into the disc space. The insertion of the implant can maintain the natural separation between vertebrae.
- Spinal inserter instruments can be used to install implants between vertebrae. These devices are usually operated manually and can include elements such as distractor arms to spread apart the disc space and a shaft with a holder used to grip the implant and move it into position. After the implant is inserted, the instrument can be removed.
- An apparatus for inserting an implant between vertebrae includes a body having a through bore, a central shaft movable within the through bore, the central shaft having a proximal end and a distal end. The apparatus includes a pair of distractor arms having proximal portions and distal portions, the proximal portions pivotally coupled to the body and distal portions for engagement between the vertebrae. Tracking slots are formed in and extend through surfaces of and along a longitudinal axes of the distractor arms and an attachment tip is operably connected to the central shaft, the attachment tip is configured to grip the implant. The apparatus includes a single guide member projecting outward from the attachment tip and the attachment tip is removably connectable to the central shaft in multiple configurations.
- The various embodiments disclosed herein are illustrated by way of example and not by way of limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements.
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example embodiment of an implant inserter; -
FIG. 2 is a top view of the implant inserter shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken on line A-A ofFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an example embodiment of an attachment tip that can be used with the implant inserter ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 5 is a side view of the attachment tip shown inFIG. 4 ; -
FIG. 6 is a top sectional view taken on line A-A ofFIG. 5 with an example embodiment of an implant; -
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the attachment tip ofFIG. 4 with the example implant ofFIG. 6 ; -
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an example embodiment of a pronged attachment tip that can be used with the implant inserter ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 9 is a side view of the attachment tip shown inFIG. 8 ; -
FIG. 10 is a top sectional view taken on line A-A ofFIG. 9 ; and -
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the attachment tip ofFIG. 8 with an example embodiment of an implant. -
FIGS. 1-3 , illustrate an embodiment of animplant inserter 10 for inserting an implant between vertebrae (not shown). Theimplant inserter 10 can include abody 12 that has a bore 14 and acentral shaft 16 that is movable through the bore 14. Thecentral shaft 16 has a proximal end (closer to the user) and a distal end (closer to the surgical site). A pair ofdistractor arms 18 have proximal portions pivotally coupled to thebody 12 and distal portions for engagement between the vertebrae. Thecentral shaft 16 includes atip adapter 20 located at its distal end. - Referring to
FIGS. 1, 4, and 5 , in one embodiment, anattachment tip 40 is operably connected to thetip adapter 20 andcentral shaft 16. Theattachment tip 40 is configured to grip the implant 4 in a manner that the implant 4 can be easily inserted between the vertebrae. Referring toFIGS. 1, 3, and 4 , theattachment tip 40 is designed to be attached in multiple configurations relative to the general plane of operation of theimplant inserter 10. The attachment tip in part ensures proper guidance, alignment and insertion of the implant. - Referring to
FIGS. 1-3 , in an embodiment, thebody 12 includes a firsttubular portion 22 and a secondtubular portion 24. The firsttubular portion 22 may be centrally located so that a user can optionally hold it for support and guidance during operation of theimplant inserter 10. The firsttubular portion 22 includesrecesses 26 formed therein to provide texture for the user's grip. In an example embodiment, the firsttubular portion 22 has internal threads (not shown) formed at its distal end and configured to accept external threads that can be formed on thecentral shaft 16. The shaft includes ahandle 11 for ease of use and operation. - The first
tubular portion 22 has a clutch mechanism oractuator 23, that can have an off position and an engaged position. In an example embodiment, when theactuator 23 is in the off position, the central shaft slides freely and can be driven longitudinally straight forward in a distal direction. In an alternative approach theactuator 23 can be moved to the engaged position. When theactuator 23 is in the engaged position, thecentral shaft 16 does not slide freely, however it can be moved forward through rotation of the handle. - When the
central shaft 16 is moved forward in the engaged position with rotational drive action, the external threads and internal threads will engage. In an embodiment, theactuator 23 is a push button. It can also be a cam mechanism. Any suitable clutch mechanism can be used for theactuator 23. In an alternative embodiment, theactuator 23 may include a mode that allows for the user to use a ratchet type action to drive thecentral shaft 16 forward. In an embodiment, adial 13 positioned just distal to thehandle 11 and can be rotated to move the tip adapter to engage and disengage the implant. Thedial 11 provides precision control. - Referring again to
FIGS. 1-3 , in one embodiment, the body can have a secondtubular portion 24 that is tapered and extends from a distal end of thebody 12. The second tubular 24 portion provides an additional guiding support for thecentral shaft 16. Windows 28 are included in the secondtubular portion 24 so that a user can track the progress of thecentral shaft 16. - In an embodiment, the first
tubular portion 22 and secondtubular portion 24 are generally circular in cross section. However, any cross sectional shape could be used, for example but not limited to rectangular, elliptical or square. The firsttubular portion 22 and the secondtubular portion 24 can be joined using an interference fit, adhesive or a threaded connection. Alternatively, the firsttubular portion 22 and secondtubular portion 24 can be monolithically molded as one piece. In an example embodiment, the first tubular portion and second tubular portion may be comprised of aluminum, steel, plastic, and/or silicone. However, any material suitable for surgical applications may be used, such as but not limited to plastic, composite and metal. - Referring to
FIGS. 1-3 thecentral shaft 16 has a proximal end and a distal end. In an example embodiment, the proximal end of the central shaft includesexternal threads 30 sized and configured to join with internal threads formed on the firsttubular portion 22 of thebody 12. The remaining distal portion of thecentral shaft 16 can be straight without threads or can include ball, triangular, trapezoidal, and/or square screws. In an example embodiment, thecentral shaft 16 is circular in cross section. In alternate embodiments, thecentral shaft 16 can be any cross sectional shape such as but not limited to elliptical, square or rectangular. The central shaft may be made of steel. However, any material suitable for surgical applications may be used, such as but not limited to plastic, composite and metal. - In an embodiment, a
tip adapter 20 is formed at the distal end of thecentral shaft 16. Thetip adapter 20 and the distal end of the central shaft are sized and shaped to interface with and retain theattachment tip 40. - Referring to
FIG. 1 , in an example embodiment, a pair ofdistractor arms 18 are pivotally coupled to the secondtubular portion 24 of thebody 12. Thedistractor arms 18 are attachable to acoupling adapter 32 including twoslots 34. Thecoupling adapter 32 is releasably attached to the secondtubular portion 24. In another embodiment, the secondtubular portion 24 and thecoupling adapter 34 are formed as one monolithic piece. - Coupling pins 36 can be placed through
slots 34 to join proximal ends of thedistractor arms 18 to thecoupling adapter 32. This configuration permits thedistractor arms 18 to freely pivot. Also,distractor arms 18 can easily be interchanged for different sizes depending upon the particular requirements of the user, procedure, and surgical application. In addition to providing interchangeability, this configuration allows fordistractor arms 18 to be easily removed for cleaning and sterilization. - In an example embodiment, at least one of the
distractor arms 18 includes atracking slot 38 extending along its length from the proximal to distal ends. Stopmembers 39 are formed at the distal ends of thedistractor arms 18 and are shaped and configured to abut against vertebrae to provide stability during the operation of the inserter instrument. In an example embodiment, thestop members 39 include a forward rectangular endface designed to abut the vertebrae. In another embodiment, thestop members 39 can be adjustable for varying depths. - Referring to
FIGS. 2-4 , theattachment tip 40 can be operably connected to thecentral shaft 16. The proximal end of theattachment tip 40 includes adetent groove 41 and also has an internally disposedcentral bore 42. Thedetent groove 41 is designed to interface with a corresponding rib (not shown) on thecentral shaft 16. In one embodiment, thetip adapter 20 andcentral shaft 16 are attached by threading thetip adapter 20 into thecentral bore 42 and sliding the rib on the secondtubular portion 24 into thedetent groove 41 to provide a secure connection between thecentral shaft 16 and theattachment tip 40. Astip adapter 20 is slid, theattachment tip 40 slides onto thecentral shaft 16 throughdetent groove 41, causing the slider to capture theattachment tip 40. - Referring to
FIGS. 4-7 , a distal face of theattachment tip 40 includes fastening features configured to grip and retain an implant. In an example embodiment, the fastening features include ascrew thread tip 44 and arib 46. Referring toFIG. 5 , implant 4 may include a tappedrecess 48 that is sized and shaped to cooperate with threads on thescrew thread tip 44. In an example embodiment, implant 4 can also includerecesses 49 adapted to cooperate withribs 46 to provide an interference fit betweenattachment tip 40 and implant 4. - Referring to
FIGS. 1, 3, and 4-7 , in an embodiment, a guide member or fin 50 projects in a generally orthogonal outward direction from theattachment tip 40. Fin 50 is sized, shaped and configured to slide within trackingslot 38 ofguide member 18 to help guide theattachment tip 40 towards moving the implant 4 into a proper position between the vertebrae. The guide member or fin 50 may also be configured to slide on the outside of theguide member 18. - In one embodiment, the fin 50 is monolithically formed as part of the
attachment tip 40. In other embodiments, the fin 50 is a separate piece that can be secured to theattachment tip 40 in a number of ways including but not limited to using a rib and recess, rail and groove, a fastener or adhesive. In an example embodiment, the fin 50 is triangular shaped in cross section or tapered. However, the fin 50 may have any size or shape suitable to cooperate with the tracking slot. - Referring to
FIGS. 1 and 8-11 , an example alternative embodiment of apronged attachment tip 52 is shown. Thepronged attachment tip 52 can be operably connected to thecentral shaft 16. The proximal end of thepronged attachment tip 52 includes adetent groove 51 and also has an internally disposedcentral bore 52. Thedetent groove 51 interfaces with a corresponding rib (not shown) on thecentral shaft 16. - A distal surface of the
pronged attachment tip 52 has abase portion 54 with fastening features configured to releasably grip an implant 6. In an example embodiment, the fastening features include a pair ofprongs 56 pivotally attached to thebase portion 54. Asupport shaft 58 extends distally outward between the prongs 56.Prongs 56 have distal end faces 55 including inwardly facingribs 57. In an embodiment, prongs 56 also includedistal slots 53 andlateral openings 59. - Referring to
FIGS. 8-11 , in an embodiment, asupport member 60 is attached to the distal portion of thepronged attachment tip 52. The support member haspins 62 designed to ride in thedistal slots 53. Acentral recess 64 is disposed within thesupport member 60 and sized and shaped to receive thesupport shaft 58. In one embodiment, thesupport shaft 58 has threads and thecentral recess 64 may be tapped to correspond to the threads formed on thesupport shaft 58. - Referring to
FIGS. 1 and 8-11 , in one embodiment, guide member orfin 66 projects in a generally orthogonal outward direction from thepronged attachment tip 52.Fin 66 is sized, shaped and configured to slide within trackingslot 38 ofguide member 18 to help guide thepronged attachment tip 52 and the implant 6 into a proper position between the vertebrae. - In one embodiment, the
fin 66 may be monolithically formed as part of thepronged attachment tip 52. In other embodiments, thefin 66 is a separate piece that can be secured to thepronged attachment tip 52 in a number of ways including but not limited to using a rib and recess, rail and groove, a fastener or adhesive. In an example embodiment, thefin 66 is triangular shaped in cross section or tapered. However, thefin 66 may have any size or shape suitable to cooperate with thetracking slot 38. - Referring to
FIGS. 8-11 , thepronged attachment tip 52 is adapted to grip an implant 6 and act as a retainer in a manner that is secure but can also easily be released when necessary. Referring toFIG. 9 , implant 6 may include recesses 7 adapted to cooperate withribs 57 to provide an interference fit between thepronged attachment tip 52 and implant 6.Prongs 56 are pivotable aboutbase portion 54 to accommodate implants 6 of differing width, size and shape. - Referring to
FIGS. 1, 3, 4, and 8 , theattachment tip 40 andpronged attachment tip 52 are designed to be attached in multiple configurations relative to the general plane of operation of theinserter instrument 12. Referring toFIGS. 1 and 3 , in an example embodiment,attachment tip 40 is oriented such that fin 50 projects upwardly (as shown) relative to the plane of theinserter instrument 12. - Referring to
FIGS. 1 and 8 , thepronged attachment tip 52 is oriented such that thefin 66 projects downwardly (as shown) relative to the plane of theinserter instrument 12. In another embodiment, theattachment tip 40 could be attached and configured so that the fin 50 projects orthogonally downwardly or upwardly, and thepronged attachment tip 52 could be configured so that thefin 66 projects orthogonally upwardly. In all of the foregoing configurations the fin would still slide along the trackingslots 38 to guide and ensure proper alignment of theattachment tip - Referring to
FIGS. 1 and 11 , in an example operation,implant inserter 10 is used during a surgical procedure to deliver an implant 6 to a disc space (not shown) formed between vertebrae. Theinserter 12 is first set to a start position where thecentral shaft 16 is fully withdrawn and the tip of thecentral shaft 16 is proximate the distal end of the body. Next, asingle distractor arm 38 or the pair ofdistractor arms 38 can be pivoted open to provide space to insert anattachment tip pronged attachment tip 52 is joined to thetip adapter 20 andcentral shaft 16. - The implant 6 can then be inserted into the
pronged attachment tip 52 so that it is firmly gripped by thepronged attachment tip 52.Distractor arms 18 are pivoted to a closed position as shown inFIG. 1 , such that the fin is aligned with and projects through either the upper orlower tracking slot 38 to ensure proper alignment and tracking. Next, theimplant inserter 10 is placed so that thestop members 39 abut the outside of the vertebrae and the distal ends of thedistractor arms 38 enter the disc space. Stopmembers 39 provide a stable support for theimplant inserter 10 so that it does not become inadvertently dislodged during operation. - The
central shaft 16 is driven forward by pushing or rotating thehandle 11 depending on the mode of theactuator 23. As thecentral shaft 16 moves forward, thepronged attachment tip 52 and implant 6 move along in a distal direction towards the disc space. Also as thecentral shaft 16 moves forward, thedistractor arms 38 move away from each other to effectively spread the disc space. - In an example embodiment, during the insertion process, the
pronged attachment tip 52 and implant 6 are moved beyond the distal ends of thedistractor arms 38. During the final insertion of the implant 6 into the disc space, thefin 66 can abut against the vertebrae. The tapered design of the fin tracks the profile of the vertebrae and provides additional support during final insertion of the implant 6 into the disc space, and for the start of withdrawal. After the implant 6 has been situated per requirements, thecentral shaft 16 may be pulled out of the surgical site by pulling freely, twisting thehandle 11 or using thedial 13. This will move thecentral shaft 16 from a distal to proximal direction out of the space between the vertebrae. - In example embodiments, the
implant inserter 10 can be used for posterior, lateral, oblique, anterior and other alternate approaches. - In the foregoing description and in the accompanying drawings, specific terminology and drawing symbols have been set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the disclosed embodiments. In some instances, the terminology and symbols may imply specific details that are not required to practice those embodiments.
- Various modifications and changes may be made to the embodiments presented herein without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the disclosure. For example, features or aspects of any of the embodiments may be applied, at least where practicable, in combination with any other of the embodiments or in place of counterpart features or aspects thereof. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.
Claims (20)
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20130226244A1 (en) | 2013-08-29 |
US20160022439A1 (en) | 2016-01-28 |
US10806598B2 (en) | 2020-10-20 |
US9186263B2 (en) | 2015-11-17 |
US9937061B2 (en) | 2018-04-10 |
US20180185170A1 (en) | 2018-07-05 |
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