US20200360516A1 - Trace elements - Google Patents
Trace elements Download PDFInfo
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- US20200360516A1 US20200360516A1 US16/983,008 US202016983008A US2020360516A1 US 20200360516 A1 US20200360516 A1 US 20200360516A1 US 202016983008 A US202016983008 A US 202016983008A US 2020360516 A1 US2020360516 A1 US 2020360516A1
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- edta
- naoh
- sodium
- trace element
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- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229940091258 selenium supplement Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000007715 potassium iodide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003109 Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;carbonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000019301 disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- CFKMVGJGLGKFKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC=C1Cl CFKMVGJGLGKFKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960002242 chlorocresol Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 4
- QLBHNVFOQLIYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O QLBHNVFOQLIYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 76
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000011656 manganese carbonate Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910000016 manganese(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- OVFCVRIJCCDFNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;copper Chemical compound [Cu].OC(O)=O OVFCVRIJCCDFNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910000009 copper(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011646 cupric carbonate Substances 0.000 description 11
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000019854 cupric carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229910003424 Na2SeO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
- LVYZJEPLMYTTGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum chloride pentahydroxide dihydrate Chemical compound [Cl-].[Al+3].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].O.O LVYZJEPLMYTTGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 6
- 229910000357 manganese(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000006748 manganese carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 ethylene diamino tetra acetic acid Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000451 tissue damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000827 tissue damage Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010000269 abscess Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940102223 injectable solution Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002085 irritant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000021 irritant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FJWLWIRHZOHPIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;hydroiodide Chemical compound [K].I FJWLWIRHZOHPIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011369 resultant mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940082569 selenite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZIQRIAYNHAKDDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;hydroiodide Chemical compound [Na].I ZIQRIAYNHAKDDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/28—Compounds containing heavy metals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/04—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/24—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/24—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
- A61K33/26—Iron; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/24—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
- A61K33/30—Zinc; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/24—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
- A61K33/32—Manganese; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/24—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
- A61K33/34—Copper; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/02—Nutrients, e.g. vitamins, minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
- A61P7/08—Plasma substitutes; Perfusion solutions; Dialytics or haemodialytics; Drugs for electrolytic or acid-base disorders, e.g. hypovolemic shock
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S424/00—Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
- Y10S424/06—Chelate
-
- Y10S514/836—
Definitions
- the present invention relates to trace elements.
- ZA 1982/6778 discloses a trace element solution and a method of providing the trace elements to livestock.
- These trace element solution include ethylene diamino tetra acetic acid complex of the required mineral in suitable quantities.
- the trace element solution includes no selenium or selenite compound.
- EDTA refers to ethylene diaminotetraacetic acid (C 10 H 16 O 8 N 2 or (HO 2 CH 2 C) 2 NCH 2 CH 2 N—(CH 2 CO 2 H) 2 ).
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,335,116 (Howard) discloses mineral-containing therapeutic compositions containing EDTA complexes of trace elements.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,335,116 utilizes tetra-sodium EDTA, a selenium glycine complex, and metal chlorides for the preparation of the EDTA complexes.
- the chloride ions cause contamination and each complex solution is to be made individually.
- overnight time is required for complexing and heating up afterward to speed up the process, requires extra apparatus.
- mixtures are required, the individual solutions are to be blended.
- various concentrations as well as compositions are to be made, it can only be done in a cumbersome way, requiring extra apparatus.
- a further problem may arise when mixtures of high concentration are needed. In certain cases it would be impossible to deliver them, because mixing is always accompanied by dilution.
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,638,539 discloses a method of preparing a trace element solution, which includes the steps of providing at least one EDTA-complex, of providing a sodium selenite solution, and of combining the EDTA-complexes and the sodium selenite solution.
- the method enables production of a trace element solution of only about 55 mg/ml.
- a trace element solution which comprises selenium, copper, zinc, and manganese at a concentration of at least 60 mg/ml.
- the solution may comprise one or more of the following: iodine, potassium iodide, sodium iodide, zinc oxide, manganese sulphate, sodium selenite, copper carbonate, sodium carbonate, anhydrous disodium EDTA and sodium hydroxide.
- At least one of the metal(s) may be provided in the form of an EDTA complex.
- the EDTA complex may be obtained by means of at least one compound selected from the group comprising sodium EDTA and potassium EDTA.
- the solution may comprise chlorocresol as preservative.
- the solution may be prepared in a continuous batch process.
- the solution may be an injectable solution.
- the solution may be a drenchable solution.
- a method of preparing a trace element solution comprising at least one metal selected from the group comprising selenium, copper, zinc, manganese and chromium and comprising a concentration of the metal(s) of at least 60 mg/ml, said method consisting essentially of the steps of:
- the EDTA solution may be selected from the group comprising a potassium EDTA solution and a sodium EDTA solution.
- the method may comprise the step of adding CrCl 3 .6H 2 O to the trace element solution.
- the method may comprise the step of adding a EDTA/NaOH mixture prior to addition of the CrCl 3 .6H 2 O to the trace element solution.
- the method may comprise the step of adjusting the pH of the trace element solution to 6.7 to 7.0.
- the method may comprise the step of adjusting the pH of the trace element solution by adding at least one compound selected from the group comprising NaOH and EDTA.
- the trace element solution may be diluted.
- the temperature of the MnCO 3 mixture may be at least 60 degrees Celsius.
- Water having a temperature of at least 70 degrees Celsius may be added to the MnCO 3 mixture.
- the addition of the EDTA/NaOH mixture may occur gradually with small quantities.
- the method may comprise the step of cooling the trace element solution prior to addition of the Na 2 SeO 3 .
- the MnCO 3 mixture may be prepared by mixing MnSO 4 and Na 2 CO 3 .
- the metal compound may be selected from the group comprising ZnO, CuCO 3 , Na 2 CO3, MnSO 4 and FeCl 3 .
- the metal compound may be selected from the group comprising metal oxides, metal hydroxides and metal carbonates.
- a stock lick which comprises a trace element solution as prepared by the method above.
- a method of providing trace elements to animals which comprises the steps of preparing a trace element solution as described above and of providing the solution in a suitable quantity to an animal.
- an injectable trace element solution which comprises at least one compound selected from the group comprising iodine, potassium iodine and sodium iodine and which comprises a concentration of the compound(s) of at least 20 mg/ml.
- a trace element solution which comprises at least one compound selected from the group comprising chromium and CrCl 3 .6H 2 O.
- a method of preparing a trace element solution comprising at least one metal selected from the group comprising selenium, copper, zinc, manganese and chromium and comprising a concentration of the metal(s) of at least 60 mg/ml, said method consisting essentially of the steps of:
- the solution may comprise 5-10 mg/ml chromium.
- the solution may comprise 5-50 mg/ml iron.
- the solution may comprise 20-400 mg/ml iodine.
- Example 1 relates to a method to prepare a trace element solution predominantly to be used for cattle and includes the mineral elements selenium, copper and chromium.
- the method enables preparation of 25 litres of the solution containing 40 mg Zn, 10 mg Mn, 5 mg Se, 15 mg Cu and 5 mg Cr per ml.
- the MnCO 3 mud is prepared by adding solutions of 900 g MnSO 4 and 1150 g Na 2 CO 3 together. The resultant mixture is decanted and washed three times.
- the volume is made up to 25 litres.
- Example 2 relates to a method to prepare a trace element solution predominantly to to be used for sheep and includes the mineral elements Selenium and Copper.
- the method enables preparation of 100 litres of the solution containing 40 mg Zn, 10 mg Mn, 3 mg Se and 10 mg Cu per ml.
- the MnCO 3 mud is prepared by adding solutions of 3600 g MnSO 4 and 4600 g Na 2 CO 3 together. The mixture is decanted and wash three times.
- 8000 g EDTA and 2000 g NaOH are weighed.
- the EDTA and NaOH are mixed.
- the EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum, in small quantities to prevent excessive frothing, until the reaction is complete (leaving a clear pinkish solution).
- the volume is made up to 100 litres.
- Example 3 relates to a method to prepare a trace element solution predominantly to be used for cattle and includes the mineral elements Selenium and Copper.
- the method enables preparation of 100 litres of the solution containing 40 mg Zn, 10 mg Mn, 5 mg Se and 15 mg Cu per ml.
- the MnCO3 mud is prepared by adding solutions of 3600 g MnSO 4 and 4600 g Na 2 CO 3 together. The mixture is decanted and wash three times.
- hot water 70° C.
- the temperature at the start of the batch process is critical and should be at least 60° C.
- the pH is adjusted to 7.0 by adding NaOH (40% solution) or EDTA.
- the volume is made up to 100 litres.
- the invention therefore provides a trace element solution which is tissue friendly, i.e. is not damaging or irritant to the tissue of animals and which comprises selenium, copper, zinc, manganese, iron and chromium and at a concentration of the metals of at least 60 mg/ml.
- the trace elements in solution are in a scientifically formulated ratio according to the post-absorption requirements of the animals, calculated to provide, the following trace element solution example comprising:
- the iodine is provided in the form of potassium iodide or sodium iodide and the iron is provided in the form of iron chloride.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/148,467 which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,729,772, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/861,724, which in turn is a divisional of application Ser. No. 10/834,094, filed Apr. 29, 2004, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,285,292, all herein incorporated by reference.
- The present invention relates to trace elements.
- It has been found that there is a deficiency of certain trace elements in pastures for livestock in particular areas around the world. Various suggestions have been made to provide the required trace elements to such animals. Different chemical compounds and complexes have been investigated for applying the trace elements by way of licks, drenches or injections.
- In general the problem with injectable solutions is that there are too low concentrations of the minerals in the solutions. This means that relatively large quantities have to be injected, which in turn causes tissue damage and also abscesses at the site of injection. Furthermore, it is generally the case that different trace elements seldomly are individually sufficient. This means that two or more trace element solutions have to be provided by way of separate injections.
- ZA 1982/6778 (Laurie) discloses a trace element solution and a method of providing the trace elements to livestock. These trace element solution include ethylene diamino tetra acetic acid complex of the required mineral in suitable quantities. However, the trace element solution includes no selenium or selenite compound.
- In the specification and claims the expression EDTA refers to ethylene diaminotetraacetic acid (C10H16O8N2 or (HO2CH2C)2NCH2CH2N—(CH2CO2H)2).
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,335,116 (Howard) discloses mineral-containing therapeutic compositions containing EDTA complexes of trace elements. Notably, U.S. Pat. No. 4,335,116 utilizes tetra-sodium EDTA, a selenium glycine complex, and metal chlorides for the preparation of the EDTA complexes. Unfortunately, the chloride ions cause contamination and each complex solution is to be made individually. Furthermore, overnight time is required for complexing and heating up afterward to speed up the process, requires extra apparatus. If mixtures are required, the individual solutions are to be blended. If various concentrations as well as compositions are to be made, it can only be done in a cumbersome way, requiring extra apparatus. A further problem may arise when mixtures of high concentration are needed. In certain cases it would be impossible to deliver them, because mixing is always accompanied by dilution.
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,638,539 (Laurie et al) discloses a method of preparing a trace element solution, which includes the steps of providing at least one EDTA-complex, of providing a sodium selenite solution, and of combining the EDTA-complexes and the sodium selenite solution. However, the method enables production of a trace element solution of only about 55 mg/ml.
- It is an object of the invention to suggest methods and means for overcoming these problems.
- According to the invention, a trace element solution, which comprises selenium, copper, zinc, and manganese at a concentration of at least 60 mg/ml.
- The solution may comprise one or more of the following: iodine, potassium iodide, sodium iodide, zinc oxide, manganese sulphate, sodium selenite, copper carbonate, sodium carbonate, anhydrous disodium EDTA and sodium hydroxide.
- At least one of the metal(s) may be provided in the form of an EDTA complex.
- The EDTA complex may be obtained by means of at least one compound selected from the group comprising sodium EDTA and potassium EDTA.
- The solution may comprise chlorocresol as preservative.
- The solution may be prepared in a continuous batch process.
- The solution may be an injectable solution.
- The solution may be a drenchable solution.
- Also according to the invention, a method of preparing a trace element solution comprising at least one metal selected from the group comprising selenium, copper, zinc, manganese and chromium and comprising a concentration of the metal(s) of at least 60 mg/ml, said method consisting essentially of the steps of:
-
- (a) preparing a MnCO3 mixture in a container;
- (b) adding an EDTA solution to the container and subsequently adding at least one metal compound; and
- (c) adding Na2SeO3 to the container to obtain the trace element solution.
- The EDTA solution may be selected from the group comprising a potassium EDTA solution and a sodium EDTA solution.
- The method may comprise the step of adding CrCl3.6H2O to the trace element solution.
- The method may comprise the step of adding a EDTA/NaOH mixture prior to addition of the CrCl3.6H2O to the trace element solution.
- The method may comprise the step of adjusting the pH of the trace element solution to 6.7 to 7.0.
- The method may comprise the step of adjusting the pH of the trace element solution by adding at least one compound selected from the group comprising NaOH and EDTA.
- The trace element solution may be diluted.
- The temperature of the MnCO3 mixture may be at least 60 degrees Celsius.
- Water having a temperature of at least 70 degrees Celsius may be added to the MnCO3 mixture.
- The addition of the EDTA/NaOH mixture may occur gradually with small quantities.
- The method may comprise the step of cooling the trace element solution prior to addition of the Na2SeO3.
- The MnCO3 mixture may be prepared by mixing MnSO4 and Na2CO3.
- The metal compound may be selected from the group comprising ZnO, CuCO3, Na2CO3, MnSO4 and FeCl3.
- The metal compound may be selected from the group comprising metal oxides, metal hydroxides and metal carbonates.
- Yet further according to the invention, a trace element solution as prepared by the above method.
- Yet further according to the invention, a stock lick, which comprises a trace element solution as prepared by the method above.
- Yet further according to the invention, a method of providing trace elements to animals, such as livestock, which comprises the steps of preparing a trace element solution as described above and of providing the solution in a suitable quantity to an animal.
- Yet further according to the invention, an injectable trace element solution, which comprises at least one compound selected from the group comprising iodine, potassium iodine and sodium iodine and which comprises a concentration of the compound(s) of at least 20 mg/ml.
- Yet further according to the invention, a trace element solution, which comprises at least one compound selected from the group comprising chromium and CrCl3.6H2O.
- Yet further according to the invention, a trace element solution, which
-
- (a) comprises at least one metal selected from the group comprising selenium, copper, zinc, manganese and chromium;
- (b) comprises a concentration of the metal(s) of at least 60 mg/ml,
- (c) comprises at least one of the metal(s) provided in the form of an EDTA to complex; and
- (d) which is obtained by at least one compound selected from the group comprising iodine, potassium iodide, sodium iodide, iron, iron chloride, zinc oxide, manganese sulphate, sodium selenite, copper carbonate, sodium carbonate, anhydrous disodium EDTA and sodium hydroxide.
- is Yet further according to the invention, a method of preparing a trace element solution comprising at least one metal selected from the group comprising selenium, copper, zinc, manganese and chromium and comprising a concentration of the metal(s) of at least 60 mg/ml, said method consisting essentially of the steps of:
-
- (a) preparing a MnCO3 mixture in a container at a temperature of at least 60 degrees Celsius;
- (b) adding an EDTA solution to the container and subsequently adding at least one metal compound selected from the group comprising ZnO, CuCO3, Na2CO3, MnSO4 and FeCl3;
- (c) adding at least compound selected from the group comprising Na2SeO3 and CrCl3.6H2O to the container to obtain the trace element solution; and
- (d) adjusting the pH of the trace element solution.
- Yet further according to the invention, a trace element solution, which comprises
-
- (a) 35-50 mg/ml of zinc;
- (b) 10-15 mg/ml manganese;
- (c) 5-10 mg/ml selenium; and
- (d) 10-20 mg/ml copper.
- The solution may comprise 5-10 mg/ml chromium.
- The solution may comprise 5-50 mg/ml iron.
- The solution may comprise 20-400 mg/ml iodine.
- The invention will now be described by way of example of injectable solutions in accordance with the invention.
- Example 1 relates to a method to prepare a trace element solution predominantly to be used for cattle and includes the mineral elements selenium, copper and chromium.
- The method enables preparation of 25 litres of the solution containing 40 mg Zn, 10 mg Mn, 5 mg Se, 15 mg Cu and 5 mg Cr per ml.
- In a suitable container/drum, the MnCO3 mud is prepared by adding solutions of 900 g MnSO4 and 1150 g Na2CO3 together. The resultant mixture is decanted and washed three times.
- To the MnCO3 mud, hot water (70° C.) is added to a volume of at least 15 litres. Critical is the temperature at the start of the batch process which should be at least 60° C.
- B.1 Preparing MnEDTA
- 2000 g EDTA and 500 g NaOH are weighed; the EDTA and NaOH are mixed; the EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum, in small quantities to prevent excessive frothing, until the reaction is complete (leaving a clear pinkish solution).
- B.2 Preparing ZnEDTA (2 Steps)
- 2600 g EDTA, 690 g NaOH and 700 g ZnO are weighed, the EDTA and NaOH are mixed and ZnO is kept separate. The EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum in small quantities to prevent boiling over, followed by addition of the ZnO. The reaction to is allowed to complete (again leaving a clear pink solution). The temperature at this stage could reach 103° C.
- 2600 g EDTA, 690 g NaOH and 700 g ZnO are weighed. The EDTA and NaOH are mixed and the ZnO kept separate. The EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum in small quantities to prevent boiling over, where after the ZnO is added. The reaction is allowed to complete (again leaving a clear pink solution). The temperature at this stage could reach 103° C.
- B.3 Preparing CuEDTA
- 1760 g EDTA, 462 g NaOH and 693 g basic CuCO3 are weighed. The EDTA and NaOH are mixed and the CuCO3 kept separate. The EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum, followed by careful addition of the CuCO3, to prevent excessive frothing, and the reaction is allowed to complete (leaving a clear blue solution).
- B.4 25 g chlorocresol is added and stirred till dissolved.
- B.5 23 litres is made up
- B.6 The mixture is allowed to cool to room temperature.
- C.1 303 g Na2SeO3 is added.
- C.2 The pH is adjusted to 6,7 by adding NaOH (40% solution) or EDTA.
- C.3 738 g EDTA, 192 g NaOH and 641 g CrCl3.6H2O are weighed. The EDTA and NaOH are mixed and added to the drum. The CrCl3.6H2O is added, whereby the reaction is slow.
- C.4 The volume is made up to 25 litres.
- Example 2 relates to a method to prepare a trace element solution predominantly to to be used for sheep and includes the mineral elements Selenium and Copper.
- The method enables preparation of 100 litres of the solution containing 40 mg Zn, 10 mg Mn, 3 mg Se and 10 mg Cu per ml.
- In a suitable container/drum, the MnCO3 mud is prepared by adding solutions of 3600 g MnSO4 and 4600 g Na2CO3 together. The mixture is decanted and wash three times.
- To the MnCO3 mud, is added hot water (70° C.) to a volume of at least 60 litres. The temperature at the start of the batch process is critical and should be at least 60° C.
- B.1 Preparing MnEDTA
- 8000 g EDTA and 2000 g NaOH are weighed. The EDTA and NaOH are mixed. The EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum, in small quantities to prevent excessive frothing, until the reaction is complete (leaving a clear pinkish solution).
- B.2 Preparing ZnEDTA (2 steps)
- 10400 g EDTA, 2760 g NaOH and 2800 g ZnO are weighed. The EDTA and NaOH are mixed and the ZnO kept separate. The EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum in small quantities to prevent boiling over, followed by addition of the ZnO. The reaction is allowed to complete (again leaving a clear pink solution). The temperature at this stage could reach 103° C.
- 10400 g EDTA, 2760 g NaOH and 2800 g ZnO are weighed. The EDTA and NaOH are mixed and the ZnO kept separate. The EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum in small quantities to prevent boiling over, followed by addition of the ZnO. The reaction is allowed to complete (again leaving a clear pink solution). The temperature at this stage could reach 103° C.
- B.3 Preparing CuEDTA
- 4646 g EDTA, 1220 g NaOH and 1835 g basic CuCO3 are weighed. The EDTA and NaOH are mixed and the CuCO3 kept separate. The EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum, followed by careful addition of the CuCO3, to prevent excessive frothing, and the reaction is allowed to complete (leaving a clear blue solution).
- B.4 100 g chlorocresol is added and the mixture stirred until dissolved.
- B.5 The volume is made up to 96 litres
- B.6 The mixture is cooled to room temperature.
- C.1 728 g Na2SeO3is added.
- C.2 The pH is adjusted to 6,7 by adding NaOH (40% solution) or EDTA.
- C.3 The volume is made up to 100 litres.
- Example 3 relates to a method to prepare a trace element solution predominantly to be used for cattle and includes the mineral elements Selenium and Copper.
- The method enables preparation of 100 litres of the solution containing 40 mg Zn, 10 mg Mn, 5 mg Se and 15 mg Cu per ml.
- In a suitable container/drum, the MnCO3 mud is prepared by adding solutions of 3600 g MnSO4 and 4600 g Na2CO3 together. The mixture is decanted and wash three times.
- To the MnCO3 mud, hot water (70° C.) is added to a volume of at least 60 litres. The temperature at the start of the batch process is critical and should be at least 60° C.
- B.1 Preparing MnEDTA
- 7840 g EDTA and 1960 g NaOH are weighed. The EDTA and NaOH are weighed. The EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum, in small quantities to prevent excessive frothing, until the reaction is complete (leaving a clear pinkish solution).
- B.2 Preparing ZnEDTA (2 steps)
- 10400 g EDTA, 2760 g NaOH and 2800 g ZnO are weighed. The EDTA and NaOH are mixed and the ZnO kept separate. The EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum, in small quantities to prevent boiling over, followed by addition of the ZnO. The reaction is allowed to complete (again leaving a clear pink solution). The temperature at this stage could reach 103° C.
- 10400 g EDTA, 2760 g NaOH and 2800 g ZnO are weighed. The EDTA and NaOH are mixed and the ZnO kept separate. The EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum, in small quantities to prevent boiling over, followed by addition of the ZnO. The reaction is allowed to complete (again leaving a clear pink solution). The temperature at this stage could reach 103° C.
- B.3 Preparing CuEDTA
- 7040 g EDTA, 1848 g NaOH and 2780 g basic CuCO3 are weighed. The EDTA and NaOH are mixed and the CuCO3 kept separate. The EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum, followed by careful addition of the CuCO3, to prevent excessive frothing, to and the reaction is allowed to complete (leaving a clear blue solution).
- B.4 100 g chlorocresol is added and the mixture stirred till dissolved.
- B.5 The mixture is made up to 96 litres
- B.6 The mixture is allowed to cool to room temperature.
- C.1 1212 g Na2SeO3 is added.
- C.2 The pH is adjusted to 7.0 by adding NaOH (40% solution) or EDTA.
- C.3 The volume is made up to 100 litres.
- The invention therefore provides a trace element solution which is tissue friendly, i.e. is not damaging or irritant to the tissue of animals and which comprises selenium, copper, zinc, manganese, iron and chromium and at a concentration of the metals of at least 60 mg/ml. The trace elements in solution are in a scientifically formulated ratio according to the post-absorption requirements of the animals, calculated to provide, the following trace element solution example comprising:
-
- (a) 35-50 mg/ml of zinc;
- (b) 10-15 mg/ml manganese;
- (c) 5-10 mg/ml selenium;
- (d) 10-20 mg/ml copper;
- (e) 5-10 mg/ml chromium;
- (f) 5-50 mg/ml iron; and
- (g) comprises 20-400 mg/ml iodine.
- The iodine is provided in the form of potassium iodide or sodium iodide and the iron is provided in the form of iron chloride.
-
- The method of preparing a trace element solution in accordance with the invention thus enables the production of a solution comprising an adequate trace mineral concentration so that a 5 to 10 ml injection can make a significant impact on the trace mineral status of the animal, i.e. a practically applicable injectable supplement and a product that can improve the trace mineral status of an animal is provided. This is important as livestock producers will only inject livestock if a real benefit can be demonstrated. Furthermore, the subcutaneous injection is the preferred route to minimize tissue damage.
Claims (13)
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US16/148,467 US10729772B2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2018-10-01 | Trace elements |
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EP1339416B1 (en) * | 2000-08-28 | 2012-11-07 | Warburton Technology Limited | Trace elements |
US7285292B2 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2007-10-23 | Warburton Technology Limited | Trace elements |
EP1796692B1 (en) * | 2004-09-09 | 2012-05-02 | Warburton Technology Limited | Trace elements |
BRPI0921565A8 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2016-11-01 | Warburton Technology Ltd | MICROELEMENTS SOLUTIONS AND RESPECTIVE METHODS OF PREPARATION AND SUPPLY OF MICROELEMENTS TO ANIMALS. |
US20110076341A1 (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2011-03-31 | William Alfred Smith | Trace elements |
DK2849764T3 (en) | 2012-05-14 | 2019-08-19 | Warburton Technology Ltd | Tracer Solution |
CA3001104C (en) | 2015-10-09 | 2022-09-27 | Warburton Technology Limited | Trace element solution |
CN106309488A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-01-11 | 北京百奥药业有限责任公司 | Multi-trace-element injection for children |
IT201700083444A1 (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-21 | Neilos S R L | Composition for the prevention and / or treatment of thyroid diseases |
CN109759004A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2019-05-17 | 湖南永清环保研究院有限责任公司 | A method of adsorbent material is prepared using manganese slag |
KR102295585B1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2021-08-31 | 주식회사 우성제약 | New Mineral Injection Composition |
WO2022006426A1 (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2022-01-06 | American Regent, Inc. | Trace element compositions, methods of making and use |
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