US20200318675A1 - Locking nut and washer - Google Patents
Locking nut and washer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20200318675A1 US20200318675A1 US16/819,236 US202016819236A US2020318675A1 US 20200318675 A1 US20200318675 A1 US 20200318675A1 US 202016819236 A US202016819236 A US 202016819236A US 2020318675 A1 US2020318675 A1 US 2020318675A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- washer
- engaging portion
- locking nut
- aperture
- threaded bolt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002498 deadly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B43/00—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts
- F16B43/001—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts for sealing or insulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/18—Details
- B02C17/22—Lining for containers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
- F16B37/04—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates
- F16B37/044—Nut cages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/02—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down
- F16B39/12—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by means of locknuts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2210/00—Codes relating to different types of disintegrating devices
- B02C2210/02—Features for generally used wear parts on beaters, knives, rollers, anvils, linings and the like
Definitions
- the invention relates to a locking nut and washer.
- the locking nut and washer of the present invention is particularly suited to use with grinding mills used in the mining industry.
- Nuts and bolts are often used industrially as means of securing articles together (typically large scale equipment). In the case of mining equipment, one such use is as means of securing together a grinding mill.
- a grinding mill typically uses a combination of grinding balls and water to mill ore. Due to the high impact nature of the process that takes place inside the grinding mill, the internal surface of the grinding mill is adorned with liner plates. These liner plates are typically installed by way of threaded bolts that penetrate the shell of the grinding mill. To facilitate this arrangement, a plurality of apertures are provided in the shell of the grinding mill.
- these apertures have to be of sufficient size to handle a variety of sized bolts. This leads to a further problem in that water, and other material, can then leak from the mill by way of the potentially large gap that is formed between the aperture and the bolt.
- a washer referred to in the industry as a cup washer—is positioned in between the bolt and the nut.
- the washer must be of greater size than the aperture so as to seal off any gap that may be formed.
- the ELINGOL® cup washer is a substantially toroid shaped article. Protruding from the exterior surface of the toroid is an assembly projection.
- the assembly projection is designed to mate with a special tool and it is through the actions of this special tool that the ELINGOL® cup washer can be installed or removed as required.
- the washer engaging portion may take the form of a collar and the locking nut engaging portion is a channel of size and dimension that may securely receive the collar.
- the channel is of size and dimension to securely receive the collar and a direct tension indication device, the direct tension indication device being positioned in the channel underneath the collar.
- the direct tension indication device may take the form of a squirter.
- the collar and/or direct tension indication device may pass through an opening in the channel in order to be received therein.
- the washer may further include a first retaining means, the first retaining means operable to close off the opening when the collar is received within the channel and thereby securely retain the collar within the channel. Additionally, in the above mentioned preferred configuration, the washer may further include a second retaining means, the second retaining means operable to close off the opening when the direct tension indication device is received within the channel and thereby securely retain the direct tension indication device within the channel.
- the first retaining means and/or the second retaining means may take any of the following forms: a clip, a ring, a circlip.
- the tool engaging portion has an external profile that has a hexagonal cross-sectional profile.
- the tool engaging portion may attach to the washer engaging portion by way of a bridge having a concave external profile.
- the washer is a sealing washer.
- the washer may incorporate a bonded elastomer, the bonded elastomer acting to seal the washer against a surface.
- the bonded elastomer is a non-stick elastomer.
- the bonded elastomer may have rings formed thereon, the rings operating to deform and thereby seal pits or other irregularities in the surface.
- a non-stick film may be applied to a sealing surface of the bonded elastomer.
- the non-stick film is preferably made from polytetrafluoroethylene.
- FIG. 1 is a cut-away view of a locking nut and sealing washer of a first embodiment of the present invention in mated configuration.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded cut-away view of the locking nut and sealing washer of the present invention as shown in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a top-down plan view of the sealing washer as shown in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 4 is an exploded cut-away view of the locking nut and sealing washer of a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 a is a front plan view of a direct tension indication device as used in a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 b is a side plan view of the direct tension indication device as shown in FIG. 5 a.
- FIG. 6 is a side cut-away view of a locking nut and sealing washer of the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 In accordance with a first embodiment of the invention there is a locking nut 10 and a sealing washer 12 .
- the locking nut 10 is shown separately in FIG. 2 .
- the locking nut 10 comprises a nut segment 14 , a bridge 16 and a collar 18 .
- a threaded aperture 20 extends through each of the nut segment 14 , bridge 16 and collar 18 .
- the aperture 20 and each of the nut segment 14 , bridge 16 and collar 18 are concentric about axis Z-Z.
- the nut segment 14 has an exterior profile 22 and an interior profile 24 .
- the exterior profile 22 is hexagonal in shape when viewed in cross-section about plane X-X.
- the interior profile 24 is circular in shape when viewed in cross-section about plane X-X. In this manner the interior profile 24 represents the entrance to aperture 20 .
- the bridge 16 When viewed in cross-section about plane X-X, the bridge 16 is of roughly the same dimension as nut segment 14 . However, external side 26 of the bridge 16 is concave. The end result is that the bridge 16 resembles a tyre rim in shape.
- the collar 18 is circular in shape when viewed in cross-section about plane X-X. However, in comparison to the same cross-sectional view of the nut segment 14 and bridge 16 , the collar 18 is of larger diameter.
- the sealing washer 12 is comprised of a washer body 28 and an elastomer 30 .
- An aperture 32 also extends through each of the washer body 28 and the elastomer 30 .
- the aperture 32 and each of the washer body 28 and elastomer 30 are concentric about axis Z-Z.
- the sealing washer 12 is circular in shape when viewed in cross-section about plane X-X. When compared to the same cross-sectional view of the collar 18 , the sealing washer 12 is substantially greater in diameter.
- the washer body 28 has a flange 36 extending away from a first side 38 .
- the flange 36 extends from the washer body 28 at its periphery. In this manner, the flange 36 defines an internal channel 40 that extends around the periphery excepting opening 42 .
- the size of the opening 42 is such that the collar 18 can pass therethrough and be retained within the channel 40 .
- a retaining wall 48 Protruding from the outer edge 44 of a second side 46 of the washer body 28 is a retaining wall 48 .
- the retaining wall 48 bounds a base surface 50 .
- the elastomer 30 is bonded to the base surface 50 on a first side 52 .
- the elastomer 30 is also of size such that it is also abuts, and is constrained by, the retaining wall 48 . In addition to abutting the retaining wall 48 , the elastomer 30 is also bonded thereto.
- a second side 54 of the elastomer 30 is formed from a plurality of rings 56 .
- the role of the rings 56 are described in more detail below.
- the elastomer 30 in this embodiment is a non-stick elastomer.
- the repairer inserts the collar 18 through the opening 42 until such time as it is retained within the channel 40 .
- the collar 18 is prevented from moving in any direction by the flange 36 other than in the direction of the opening 42 .
- This also results in threaded aperture 20 and aperture 32 being arranged in a substantially concentric arrangement about axis Z-Z.
- the flange 36 encircles the bridge 16 .
- the concave shape of the bridge thereby acts as a further potential means of preventing movement of the direction along the axis Z-Z.
- any force applied to the locking nut 10 in either direction along axis Z-Z will also force the sealing washer 12 in the same direction.
- the repairer locates a threaded bolt (not shown) on the external surface of a mill (not shown). Once located, the connected locking nut 10 and sealing washer 12 is placed over the threaded bolt.
- a standard pneumatic tool (not shown), fitted with an appropriate hexagonal nut removal adaptor (also not shown), both of which would be readily known to the person skilled in the art, is then used to secure the connected locking nut 10 and sealing washer 12 to the external surface.
- the rings 56 of the elastomer 30 deform to take up the space in between.
- the rings 56 also deform to fill any pits or other irregularities in the external surface. In doing so, the aperture through which the bolt passes to engage the locking nut 10 is appropriately sealed.
- the aforementioned standard pneumatic tool is placed so that the adaptor mates with the hexagonal profile of the nut segment 14 . Torque is then applied to the nut segment 14 in the appropriate direction to disengage the threads of the threaded aperture 20 from the threads of the bolt.
- the torque of the standard pneumatic tool facilitates not only removal of the locking nut 10 , but also of the sealing washer 12 . It also means that only in circumstances where the elastomer 30 has created a bond with the external surface of greater strength than the torque applied by the pneumatic tool that further action may need to be taken by the repairer to remove any excess bond (it being unlikely that the sealing washer 12 will not have been at least partially removed by the pneumatic tool due to the non-stick nature of the elastomer 30 and the high level of torque applied by the pneumatic tool).
- FIG. 4 In accordance with a second embodiment of the invention, where like numerals reference like parts, there is a locking nut 100 and sealing washer 102 . This embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 4 .
- the locking nut 100 is identical in construction to the locking nut 10 of the first embodiment, but with the addition of retaining clip 104 .
- the sealing washer 102 is the same as that of the first embodiment, but with the addition of a non-stick film 110 .
- the retaining clip 104 comprises two arms 106 and a loop section 108 .
- the loop section 108 is of roughly the same size as flange 36 .
- the non-stick film 110 is applied over the second side 40 of the elastomer 30 .
- the non-stick film 110 here is made from a polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the retaining clip 104 is attached to the sealing washer 102 such that the loop section 108 surrounds the flange 36 . Due to the similarities in size between the flange 36 and the loop section 108 , the retaining clip 104 stretches slightly and thereby creates a secure connection with the flange 36 .
- the arms 106 are manipulated so that they are positioned either side of the opening 42 .
- the sealing washer 12 can then be connected to the locking nut 100 in a manner identical to that described in the first embodiment of the invention, i.e. without rotational engagement between the locking nut 10 and sealing washer 12 .
- the repairer manipulates the arms 106 once again until such time as the loop section 108 covers the opening 42 .
- the sealing washer 102 is now specifically prevented from moving in any direction—either by the flange 36 as described above or the retaining clip 104 in the case of movement towards the opening 42 .
- the arms 106 are again manipulated so that they are positioned either side of the opening 42 .
- the sealing washer 102 can then be removed with ease.
- the opening 42 and internal channel 40 are both of enlarged height.
- the enlarged height allows the insertion not only of the locking nut 10 but also allows the insertion of a direct tension indication device 200 as shown in FIGS. 5 a and 5 b .
- the direct tension indication device 200 is also known in the industry as a squirter and will thus be referred as such for the remainder of the description.
- the squirter 200 has a first side 202 and a second side 204 .
- the first side 202 has a convex surface tending towards an aperture 206 .
- Equidistantly spaced around the circumference of the aperture 206 are a plurality of dimples 208 .
- the second side 204 has a slight conical surface. Spaced equidistantly around the second side 204 are a plurality of fluid channels 210 . Each fluid channel 210 extends from the external periphery 212 of the squirter 200 to a dipped recess 214 . Positioned in the dipped recess 214 is a blister pack 216 .
- the blister pack 216 contains a high visibility soft polymer (not shown). Each blister pack 216 is located on the second side 204 in an exact opposite position to the location of the dimple 208 on the first side 202 .
- the repairer inserts the squirter 200 through the opening 42 until such time as it is retained within the channel 40 . Once so retained, the repairer then inserts the collar 18 through the opening 42 and into the channel 40 . When properly configured, this sees the collar 18 positioned on top of the squirter 200 .
- the squirter 200 becomes sandwiched between the locking nut 10 and the washer body 28 .
- the resulting application of force to the first side 202 causes the concave surface to flatten out.
- This also causes the dimples 208 to flatten, with the result that a further pressure is applied through the body of the squirter 200 to the blister pack 216 .
- the repairer looks for the soft polymer's escape from the fluid channels 214 during the process of applying torque to the locking nut 10 so as to ensure that the locking nut 10 has been sufficiently tensioned. This also acts as a flag to the repairer to stop applying torque to the locking nut 10 so as to prevent over-tensioning of same.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
A locking nut (10) and washer (12) for use with a threaded bolt. The locking nut (10) has a tool engaging portion (14), a threaded aperture (20), and a washer engaging portion (18). The washer (12) has a locking nut engaging portion (28, 36) and an aperture (32). When the washer engaging portion (18) engages the locking nut engaging portion (28, 36), the threaded aperture (20) and the aperture (32) align to be at least substantially concentric so as to receive the threaded bolt. In this manner, when the tool engaging portion (14) is appropriately manipulated to force the locking nut (10) in a first direction along the threaded bolt, the engagement between the tool engaging portion (14) and the locking nut engaging portion (28, 36) also causes the washer (12) to move along the threaded bolt in the same direction.
Description
- The present application is a Continuation Application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/113,451 filed on Jul. 22, 2016, which is a National phase application of PCT Application No. PCT/AU2014/001042 filed on Nov. 13, 2014, which claims the benefit of Australian Patent Application No. 2014900233 filed on Jan. 24, 2014. All the above are hereby incorporated by reference, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
- The invention relates to a locking nut and washer. The locking nut and washer of the present invention is particularly suited to use with grinding mills used in the mining industry.
- The following discussion of the background to the invention is intended to facilitate an understanding of the present invention. However, it should be appreciated that the discussion is not an acknowledgment or admission that any of the material referred to was published, known or part of the common general knowledge in any jurisdiction as at the priority date of the application.
- Nuts and bolts are often used industrially as means of securing articles together (typically large scale equipment). In the case of mining equipment, one such use is as means of securing together a grinding mill.
- A grinding mill typically uses a combination of grinding balls and water to mill ore. Due to the high impact nature of the process that takes place inside the grinding mill, the internal surface of the grinding mill is adorned with liner plates. These liner plates are typically installed by way of threaded bolts that penetrate the shell of the grinding mill. To facilitate this arrangement, a plurality of apertures are provided in the shell of the grinding mill.
- As the size of the threaded bolt may not be known in advance, these apertures have to be of sufficient size to handle a variety of sized bolts. This leads to a further problem in that water, and other material, can then leak from the mill by way of the potentially large gap that is formed between the aperture and the bolt.
- To prevent this leakage, a washer—referred to in the industry as a cup washer—is positioned in between the bolt and the nut. The washer must be of greater size than the aperture so as to seal off any gap that may be formed.
- The problem with this arrangement is two fold:
-
- When the mill needs to be disassembled for shutdown or other maintenance related purposes, the nut need first be removed to allow the cup washer to be removed thereafter;
- The cup washer incorporates a sealing material (such as an elastomer), which due to the environment in which it is placed, often deforms and fails to seal off the aperture. At the very least this causes difficulties in seeking to remove the cup washer as well as potential leakage from the mill during operation.
- The end result of these problems is that significant time (generally in the order of five (5) to six (6) minutes) is spent in seeking to remove a single commonly used cup washer and nut. When considering that a mill may have upwards of three hundred (300) such cup washers and nuts about its surface, this means that any reduction in the time needed to remove a cup washer and nut will have significant productivity advantages.
- In an attempt to achieve such advantages, one solution proposed is the cup washer retailed under the trade mark ELINGOL® by Ingenieria Innovaciones Technologicas (“IIT”) of Chile and the subject of Chilean patent application 182-2011.
- The ELINGOL® cup washer is a substantially toroid shaped article. Protruding from the exterior surface of the toroid is an assembly projection. The assembly projection is designed to mate with a special tool and it is through the actions of this special tool that the ELINGOL® cup washer can be installed or removed as required.
- The problems with this approach is as follows:
-
- The nut still needs to be removed separately by means of conventional removal tools. This means that time can be lost where a single operator seeks to remove a cup washer due to the need to change between tools.
- The maintenance worker needs to be in possession of the special removal tool. This further increases the costs of the system as a whole—not just in monetary terms, but also in terms of storage costs, safety, etc.
- Due to the high torque and speed of the removal tool, if it is not properly mated to the assembly projection and disengagement ensues, there is significant potential for injury to the maintenance worker.
- Even if properly mated, if the maintenance worker overruns the removal tool, the washer can completely disengage the bolt. This poses a potentially deadly situation as the washer may be projected by the engaging arm of the removal tool in a random direction.
- It is therefore an object of the present invention to create a combination of nut and washer that alleviates, if not completely solves, one or more of the aforementioned problems.
- Throughout this document, unless otherwise indicated to the contrary, the terms “comprising”, “consisting of”, and the like, are to be construed as non-exhaustive, or in other words, as meaning “including, but not limited to”.
- In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention there is a locking nut and washer for use with a threaded bolt, where
-
- the locking nut has a tool engaging portion, a threaded aperture, and a washer engaging portion; and
- the washer has a locking nut engaging portion and an aperture;
where, when the washer engaging portion engages the locking nut engaging portion, the threaded aperture and the aperture align to be at least substantially concentric so as to receive the threaded bolt, and where, when the tool engaging portion is appropriately manipulated to force the locking nut in a first direction along the threaded bolt, the engagement between the tool engaging portion and the locking nut engaging portion also causes the washer to move along the threaded bolt in the same direction.
- The washer engaging portion may take the form of a collar and the locking nut engaging portion is a channel of size and dimension that may securely receive the collar.
- In one preferred configuration, the channel is of size and dimension to securely receive the collar and a direct tension indication device, the direct tension indication device being positioned in the channel underneath the collar. The direct tension indication device may take the form of a squirter.
- The collar and/or direct tension indication device may pass through an opening in the channel in order to be received therein.
- The washer may further include a first retaining means, the first retaining means operable to close off the opening when the collar is received within the channel and thereby securely retain the collar within the channel. Additionally, in the above mentioned preferred configuration, the washer may further include a second retaining means, the second retaining means operable to close off the opening when the direct tension indication device is received within the channel and thereby securely retain the direct tension indication device within the channel. In both cases, the first retaining means and/or the second retaining means may take any of the following forms: a clip, a ring, a circlip.
- Preferably, the tool engaging portion has an external profile that has a hexagonal cross-sectional profile.
- The tool engaging portion may attach to the washer engaging portion by way of a bridge having a concave external profile.
- Preferably, the washer is a sealing washer. The washer may incorporate a bonded elastomer, the bonded elastomer acting to seal the washer against a surface. Ideally, the bonded elastomer is a non-stick elastomer.
- The bonded elastomer may have rings formed thereon, the rings operating to deform and thereby seal pits or other irregularities in the surface.
- A non-stick film may be applied to a sealing surface of the bonded elastomer. The non-stick film is preferably made from polytetrafluoroethylene.
- The invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a cut-away view of a locking nut and sealing washer of a first embodiment of the present invention in mated configuration. -
FIG. 2 is an exploded cut-away view of the locking nut and sealing washer of the present invention as shown inFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is a top-down plan view of the sealing washer as shown inFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 4 is an exploded cut-away view of the locking nut and sealing washer of a second embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 5a is a front plan view of a direct tension indication device as used in a third embodiment of the present invention.FIG. 5b is a side plan view of the direct tension indication device as shown inFIG. 5 a. -
FIG. 6 is a side cut-away view of a locking nut and sealing washer of the third embodiment of the present invention. - In accordance with a first embodiment of the invention there is a locking
nut 10 and a sealingwasher 12. The combination, as assembled, is shown inFIG. 1 . - The locking
nut 10 is shown separately inFIG. 2 . The lockingnut 10 comprises anut segment 14, abridge 16 and acollar 18. A threadedaperture 20 extends through each of thenut segment 14,bridge 16 andcollar 18. - The
aperture 20 and each of thenut segment 14,bridge 16 andcollar 18 are concentric about axis Z-Z. - The
nut segment 14 has anexterior profile 22 and aninterior profile 24. Theexterior profile 22 is hexagonal in shape when viewed in cross-section about plane X-X. Theinterior profile 24 is circular in shape when viewed in cross-section about plane X-X. In this manner theinterior profile 24 represents the entrance toaperture 20. - When viewed in cross-section about plane X-X, the
bridge 16 is of roughly the same dimension asnut segment 14. However,external side 26 of thebridge 16 is concave. The end result is that thebridge 16 resembles a tyre rim in shape. - The
collar 18 is circular in shape when viewed in cross-section about plane X-X. However, in comparison to the same cross-sectional view of thenut segment 14 andbridge 16, thecollar 18 is of larger diameter. - The sealing
washer 12 is comprised of awasher body 28 and anelastomer 30. Anaperture 32 also extends through each of thewasher body 28 and theelastomer 30. Theaperture 32 and each of thewasher body 28 andelastomer 30 are concentric about axis Z-Z. - The sealing
washer 12 is circular in shape when viewed in cross-section about plane X-X. When compared to the same cross-sectional view of thecollar 18, the sealingwasher 12 is substantially greater in diameter. - The
washer body 28 has aflange 36 extending away from afirst side 38. Theflange 36 extends from thewasher body 28 at its periphery. In this manner, theflange 36 defines aninternal channel 40 that extends around theperiphery excepting opening 42. - The size of the
opening 42 is such that thecollar 18 can pass therethrough and be retained within thechannel 40. - Protruding from the
outer edge 44 of asecond side 46 of thewasher body 28 is a retainingwall 48. The retainingwall 48 bounds abase surface 50. - The
elastomer 30 is bonded to thebase surface 50 on afirst side 52. Theelastomer 30 is also of size such that it is also abuts, and is constrained by, the retainingwall 48. In addition to abutting the retainingwall 48, theelastomer 30 is also bonded thereto. - A
second side 54 of theelastomer 30 is formed from a plurality ofrings 56. The role of therings 56 are described in more detail below. - The
elastomer 30 in this embodiment is a non-stick elastomer. - This first embodiment will now be described in the context of its intended use.
- The repairer (not shown) inserts the
collar 18 through theopening 42 until such time as it is retained within thechannel 40. When so received, thecollar 18 is prevented from moving in any direction by theflange 36 other than in the direction of theopening 42. This also results in threadedaperture 20 andaperture 32 being arranged in a substantially concentric arrangement about axis Z-Z. - Furthermore, in this arrangement, the
flange 36 encircles thebridge 16. The concave shape of the bridge thereby acts as a further potential means of preventing movement of the direction along the axis Z-Z. - Of particular importance, in this configuration, any force applied to the locking
nut 10 in either direction along axis Z-Z will also force the sealingwasher 12 in the same direction. - The repairer then locates a threaded bolt (not shown) on the external surface of a mill (not shown). Once located, the connected locking
nut 10 and sealingwasher 12 is placed over the threaded bolt. - A standard pneumatic tool (not shown), fitted with an appropriate hexagonal nut removal adaptor (also not shown), both of which would be readily known to the person skilled in the art, is then used to secure the connected locking
nut 10 and sealingwasher 12 to the external surface. - In securing the connected locking
nut 10 and sealingwasher 12 to the external surface, therings 56 of theelastomer 30 deform to take up the space in between. Therings 56 also deform to fill any pits or other irregularities in the external surface. In doing so, the aperture through which the bolt passes to engage the lockingnut 10 is appropriately sealed. - To remove the connected locking
nut 10 and sealingwasher 12 from the external surface, the aforementioned standard pneumatic tool is placed so that the adaptor mates with the hexagonal profile of thenut segment 14. Torque is then applied to thenut segment 14 in the appropriate direction to disengage the threads of the threadedaperture 20 from the threads of the bolt. - As the threads of the threaded
aperture 20 disengage the threads of the bolt, this also acts as a directional force along the Z-Z axis. This forces thecollar 18 to engage theflange 36. As this force continues, this engagement also draws the sealingwasher 12 away from the external surface. - It is to be noted here that the engagement between the
collar 18 andflange 36 is not rotational in nature. This means that the sealingwasher 12 is not imparted with rotational movement when torque is applied to thenut segment 14. - As importantly, this means that the torque of the standard pneumatic tool facilitates not only removal of the locking
nut 10, but also of the sealingwasher 12. It also means that only in circumstances where theelastomer 30 has created a bond with the external surface of greater strength than the torque applied by the pneumatic tool that further action may need to be taken by the repairer to remove any excess bond (it being unlikely that the sealingwasher 12 will not have been at least partially removed by the pneumatic tool due to the non-stick nature of theelastomer 30 and the high level of torque applied by the pneumatic tool). - It should also be noted here that even if the repairer operates the pneumatic tool for a period that sees the combined locking
nut 10 and sealingwasher 12 completely disengage the bolt, the combined elements will remain engaged to the pneumatic tool, but with only the lockingnut 10 rotating within the sealingwasher 12. Thus, the safety concerns of the ELINGOL® cup washer system are essentially eliminated. - In accordance with a second embodiment of the invention, where like numerals reference like parts, there is a locking
nut 100 and sealingwasher 102. This embodiment of the invention is shown inFIG. 4 . - The locking
nut 100 is identical in construction to the lockingnut 10 of the first embodiment, but with the addition of retainingclip 104. Similarly, the sealingwasher 102 is the same as that of the first embodiment, but with the addition of anon-stick film 110. - The retaining
clip 104 comprises twoarms 106 and aloop section 108. Theloop section 108 is of roughly the same size asflange 36. - In this embodiment, the
non-stick film 110 is applied over thesecond side 40 of theelastomer 30. This includes therings 42. Thenon-stick film 110 here is made from a polytetrafluoroethylene. - The second embodiment will now be described in the context of its intended use.
- The retaining
clip 104 is attached to the sealingwasher 102 such that theloop section 108 surrounds theflange 36. Due to the similarities in size between theflange 36 and theloop section 108, the retainingclip 104 stretches slightly and thereby creates a secure connection with theflange 36. - With the retaining
clip 104 securely connected, thearms 106 are manipulated so that they are positioned either side of theopening 42. The sealingwasher 12 can then be connected to the lockingnut 100 in a manner identical to that described in the first embodiment of the invention, i.e. without rotational engagement between the lockingnut 10 and sealingwasher 12. - Once connected as per the first embodiment of the invention, the repairer manipulates the
arms 106 once again until such time as theloop section 108 covers theopening 42. - Removal of the connected locking
nut 100 and sealingwasher 102 proceeds as described in respect of the first embodiment. However, due to the presence of thenon-stick film 110 in this embodiment, there is even less chance that the sealingwasher 102 cannot be removed—and removed cleanly—by the repairer. - It is to be noted in the case of the first embodiment, there is a remote chance that the locking
nut 10 may disconnect from the sealingwasher 12 by way of theopening 42 during removal. To eliminate this problem, in this second embodiment, the sealingwasher 102 is now specifically prevented from moving in any direction—either by theflange 36 as described above or the retainingclip 104 in the case of movement towards theopening 42. - Once the connected locking
nut 100 and sealingwasher 102 have been removed, to disassemble the two items, thearms 106 are again manipulated so that they are positioned either side of theopening 42. The sealingwasher 102 can then be removed with ease. - In accordance with a third embodiment of the invention, where like numerals reference like parts, there is a variation of the first embodiment in which the
opening 42 andinternal channel 40 are both of enlarged height. The enlarged height allows the insertion not only of the lockingnut 10 but also allows the insertion of a directtension indication device 200 as shown inFIGS. 5a and 5b . The directtension indication device 200 is also known in the industry as a squirter and will thus be referred as such for the remainder of the description. - The
squirter 200 has afirst side 202 and asecond side 204. Thefirst side 202 has a convex surface tending towards anaperture 206. Equidistantly spaced around the circumference of theaperture 206 are a plurality ofdimples 208. - The
second side 204 has a slight conical surface. Spaced equidistantly around thesecond side 204 are a plurality offluid channels 210. Eachfluid channel 210 extends from theexternal periphery 212 of thesquirter 200 to a dippedrecess 214. Positioned in the dippedrecess 214 is ablister pack 216. Theblister pack 216 contains a high visibility soft polymer (not shown). Eachblister pack 216 is located on thesecond side 204 in an exact opposite position to the location of thedimple 208 on thefirst side 202. - This embodiment will now be described in the context of its intended use.
- The repairer (not shown) inserts the
squirter 200 through theopening 42 until such time as it is retained within thechannel 40. Once so retained, the repairer then inserts thecollar 18 through theopening 42 and into thechannel 40. When properly configured, this sees thecollar 18 positioned on top of thesquirter 200. - It should be noted that unlike the use of squirters in other applications, there is no need for the
squirter 200 to be installed in a particular orientation as part of this embodiment of the invention. The invention will continue to work as planned regardless of whether thefirst side 202 or thesecond side 204 makes contact with thecollar 18. - The installation and configuration of the locking
nut 10 and sealingwasher 12 thereafter continues as described in the first embodiment of the invention, with the following exception. - As torque is applied to the locking
nut 10, thesquirter 200 becomes sandwiched between the lockingnut 10 and thewasher body 28. The resulting application of force to thefirst side 202 causes the concave surface to flatten out. This also causes thedimples 208 to flatten, with the result that a further pressure is applied through the body of thesquirter 200 to theblister pack 216. - Application of force to the
blister pack 216 through the body of thesquirter 200, as well as direct from thewasher body 28 results in theblister pack 216 bursting when a predetermined level of tension has been reached. Bursting of theblister pack 216 allows the high visibility soft polymer to escape and travel along thefluid channels 214 at a velocity. - The repairer looks for the soft polymer's escape from the
fluid channels 214 during the process of applying torque to the lockingnut 10 so as to ensure that the lockingnut 10 has been sufficiently tensioned. This also acts as a flag to the repairer to stop applying torque to the lockingnut 10 so as to prevent over-tensioning of same. - It is to be specifically noted in this embodiment that the presence of the
squirter 200 between the lockingnut 10 and sealingwasher 12 further shows that there is no rotational engagement between these two components. - It should be appreciated by the person skilled in the art that the above invention is not limited to the embodiments described. In particular, the following modifications and improvements may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention:
-
- While the invention has been described in the context of an alternative to the nut and cup washer arrangements for grinding mills, its use can be applied to any domestic or industrial system where the simultaneous removal of a washer and nut from a bolt is desired.
- The
exterior profile 22 of the lockingnut exterior profile 22 may be square. - Similarly, the shape of the
collar 18 andflange 36 may be changed from the circular shape described. For instance, theflange 36 may be square shaped with a similarly shapedcollar 18 to facilitate mating to thesquare flange 36. -
Rings 56 may be omitted or modified. - The
elastomer 30 need not be non-stick. - The retaining
clip 104 may be omitted in favour of a retaining ring. The retaining ring may be secured to thecollar 18 by way of a tongue and groove configuration. The retaining ring may thereby be rotated to cover off theopening 42 by moving the tongue along the path of the groove. - Similarly, the retaining
clip 104 may be omitted in favour of a circlip received within a groove. The circlip can then be arranged such that the lugs sit adjacent theopening 42. Thecollar 18 may then be secured in place within thechannel 40 by way of a further bolt that threadedly engages both lugs. - The third embodiment of the invention may be modified to incorporate the retaining
clip 104 of the second embodiment, or the aforementioned retaining ring or circlip, with the retaining clip 104 (or equivalent) being modified so as to further assist in the retention of thesquirter 200. This can be achieved by increasing the relative size of the retaining clip 104 (or its equivalent). Alternatively, a second retaining clip 104 (or equivalent) may be used to secure thesquirter 200 in place independent of the retaining clip 104 (or equivalent) used to secure the lockingnut 10 in place as is shown inFIG. 6 . - While the third embodiment has been described in the context of a squirter other direct tension indication devices may be modified to suit the invention as described in the third embodiment. As such, any such direct tension indication device used in such a manner is considered within the scope of the present invention.
- The means of connection between locking
nut washer washer nut
- It should be further appreciated by the person skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Additions or modifications described, where not mutually exclusive, can be combined to form yet further embodiments that are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. A locking nut and washer for use with a threaded bolt, where
the locking nut has a tool engaging portion, a threaded aperture, and a washer engaging portion; and
the washer has an external lower side, a locking nut engaging portion and an aperture, the locking nut engaging portion having an internal upper side and an internal lower side;
a bonded elastomer for sealing the washer against an independent surface, the bonded elastomer being connected to the external lower side;
where, when the washer engaging portion engages the locking nut engaging portion, the threaded aperture and the aperture align to be at least substantially concentric so as to receive the threaded bolt, and where, when torque is applied to the tool engaging portion in a first rotational direction, the washer engaging portion engages the internal upper side and thereby causes the washer to move along the threaded bolt in a first axial direction and when torque is applied to the tool engaging portion in a second rotational direction, the washer engaging portion engages the internal lower side and thereby causes the washer to move along the threaded bolt in a second, opposite, axial direction, the washer engaging portion able to disengage the locking nut engaging portion when the locking nut is not in receipt of the threaded bolt.
2. A locking nut and washer according to claim 1 , where the washer engaging portion is a collar and the locking nut engaging portion is a channel of size and dimension that may securely receive the collar.
3. A locking nut and washer according to claim 2 , where the collar passes through an opening in the channel in order to be received therein.
4. A locking nut and washer according to claim 3 , where the washer further includes a first retaining means, the first retaining means operable to close off the opening when the collar is received within the channel and thereby securely retain the collar within the channel.
5. A locking nut and washer according to claim 4 , where the first retaining means is one of the following: a clip, a ring, a circlip.
6. A locking nut and washer according to claim 1 , where the tool engaging portion has an external profile that has a hexagonal cross-sectional profile.
7. A locking nut and washer according to claim 1 , where the tool engaging portion is attached to the washer engaging portion by way of a bridge having a concave external profile.
8. A locking nut and washer according to claim 1 , where the bonded elastomer is a non-stick elastomer.
9. A locking nut and washer according to claim 1 , where the bonded elastomer has rings formed thereon, the rings operating to deform and thereby seal pits or other irregularities in the surface.
10. A locking nut and washer according to claim 1 , further including a non-stick film applied to a sealing surface of the bonded elastomer.
11. A locking nut and washer according to claim 10 , where the non-stick film is made from polytetrafluoroethylene.
12. A fastening system for a threaded bolt comprising:
a locking nut having a tool engaging portion, a threaded aperture, and a washer engaging portion;
a washer having an external lower side, a locking nut engaging portion and an aperture, the locking nut engaging portion having an internal upper side and an internal lower side; and
a direct tension indication device,
where, the locking nut engaging portion is a channel of size and dimension to securely receive the washer engaging portion and thereunder the direct tension indication device and where, when the washer engaging portion engages the locking nut engaging portion, the threaded aperture and the aperture align to be at least substantially concentric so as to receive the threaded bolt, and where, when torque is applied to the tool engaging portion in a first rotational direction, the washer engaging portion engages the internal upper side and thereby causes the washer to move along the threaded bolt in a first axial direction and when torque is applied to the tool engaging portion in a second rotational direction, the washer engaging portion engages the internal lower side by way of the direct tension indication device, and thereby causes the washer to move along the threaded bolt in a second, opposite, axial direction, the washer engaging portion able to disengage the locking nut engaging portion when the locking nut is not in receipt of the threaded bolt.
13. A fastening system for a threaded bold according to claim 12 , where the direct tension indication device is a squirter.
14. A fastening system according to claim 12 , where the direct tension indication device passes through an opening in the channel in order to be received therein.
15. A fastening system according to claim 14 , where the washer further includes a second retaining means operable to close off the opening when the direct tension indication device is received within the channel and thereby securely retain the direct tension indication device within the channel.
16. A fastening system according to claim 15 , where the second retaining means is one of the following: a clip, a ring, a circlip.
17. A fastening system according to claim 12 , where the washer incorporates a bonded elastomer, the bonded elastomer acting to seal the washer against a surface.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US16/819,236 US20200318675A1 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2020-03-16 | Locking nut and washer |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2014900233 | 2014-01-24 | ||
AU2014900233A AU2014900233A0 (en) | 2014-01-24 | Locking nut and washer | |
PCT/AU2014/001042 WO2015109355A1 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2014-11-13 | Locking nut and washer |
US201615113451A | 2016-07-22 | 2016-07-22 | |
US16/819,236 US20200318675A1 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2020-03-16 | Locking nut and washer |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/AU2014/001042 Continuation WO2015109355A1 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2014-11-13 | Locking nut and washer |
US15/113,451 Continuation US10711824B2 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2014-11-13 | Locking nut and washer |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20200318675A1 true US20200318675A1 (en) | 2020-10-08 |
Family
ID=53680503
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US15/113,451 Active 2035-01-15 US10711824B2 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2014-11-13 | Locking nut and washer |
US16/819,236 Abandoned US20200318675A1 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2020-03-16 | Locking nut and washer |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US15/113,451 Active 2035-01-15 US10711824B2 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2014-11-13 | Locking nut and washer |
Country Status (7)
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US (2) | US10711824B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3097315B8 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2014379278B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2972631C (en) |
CL (1) | CL2016001865A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3097315T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015109355A1 (en) |
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JP5945661B1 (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2016-07-05 | 和富 岡 | Female thread parts, male thread parts and washer parts |
EP3329134B1 (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2024-04-24 | Kenco AU Pty Ltd | Improved locking nut or bolt and washer |
US10816029B2 (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2020-10-27 | Alvaro Enrique Endo Arriagada | Device for preventing spills from inside mining mills, said device maintaining a seal around bolts used to secure mill liners, and maintaining said bolts under tension by means of an elastic action |
US10107325B2 (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2018-10-23 | The Reaction Washer Company | Multifunction reaction washer and stack accessed by slim reaction socket |
CN108603526B (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2021-08-17 | 伊利诺斯工具制品有限公司 | Washer for fastening a clamp assembly |
US10745388B2 (en) * | 2018-02-20 | 2020-08-18 | Incyte Corporation | Indazole compounds and uses thereof |
US10752635B2 (en) * | 2018-02-20 | 2020-08-25 | Incyte Corporation | Indazole compounds and uses thereof |
US11396902B2 (en) | 2019-06-20 | 2022-07-26 | The Reaction Washer Company, Llc | Engaging washers |
US11534894B2 (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2022-12-27 | The Reaction Washer Company Llc | Socket devices and methods of use |
US20230032835A1 (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2023-02-02 | Woodpeckers, Llc | Clamping handle assemblies and method of use |
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-
2014
- 2014-11-13 PL PL14879692T patent/PL3097315T3/en unknown
- 2014-11-13 US US15/113,451 patent/US10711824B2/en active Active
- 2014-11-13 WO PCT/AU2014/001042 patent/WO2015109355A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-11-13 CA CA2972631A patent/CA2972631C/en active Active
- 2014-11-13 AU AU2014379278A patent/AU2014379278B2/en active Active
- 2014-11-13 EP EP14879692.3A patent/EP3097315B8/en active Active
-
2016
- 2016-07-22 CL CL2016001865A patent/CL2016001865A1/en unknown
-
2020
- 2020-03-16 US US16/819,236 patent/US20200318675A1/en not_active Abandoned
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WO2015109355A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
AU2014379278B2 (en) | 2017-07-20 |
US20170009798A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
EP3097315A4 (en) | 2017-09-27 |
EP3097315B8 (en) | 2021-12-29 |
CA2972631C (en) | 2023-07-18 |
AU2014379278A1 (en) | 2016-09-08 |
EP3097315B1 (en) | 2021-11-10 |
EP3097315A1 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
US10711824B2 (en) | 2020-07-14 |
CA2972631A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
CL2016001865A1 (en) | 2016-12-09 |
PL3097315T3 (en) | 2022-04-19 |
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