US20200240426A1 - Turbocharger - Google Patents

Turbocharger Download PDF

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Publication number
US20200240426A1
US20200240426A1 US16/750,300 US202016750300A US2020240426A1 US 20200240426 A1 US20200240426 A1 US 20200240426A1 US 202016750300 A US202016750300 A US 202016750300A US 2020240426 A1 US2020240426 A1 US 2020240426A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
bearing
turbine
housing
swirl chamber
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US16/750,300
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sven Brandt
Bernd Haas
Johannes Niebuhr
Harald Denkel
Vladimir Hort
Petr HOLIK
Radek TEPLY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Energy Solutions SE
Original Assignee
MAN Energy Solutions SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAN Energy Solutions SE filed Critical MAN Energy Solutions SE
Assigned to MAN ENERGY SOLUTIONS SE reassignment MAN ENERGY SOLUTIONS SE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DENKEL, HARALD, BRANDT, Sven, HAAS, BERND, HOLIK, PETR, Hort, Vladimir, Niebuhr, Johannes, TEPLY, RADEK
Publication of US20200240426A1 publication Critical patent/US20200240426A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
    • F01D25/166—Sliding contact bearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
    • F04D29/046—Bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/056—Bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
    • F01D25/183—Sealing means
    • F01D25/186—Sealing means for sliding contact bearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
    • F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
    • F02C6/12—Turbochargers, i.e. plants for augmenting mechanical power output of internal-combustion piston engines by increase of charge pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/06—Arrangements of bearings; Lubricating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/024—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the driving means being assisted by a power recovery turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/06—Lubrication
    • F04D29/063—Lubrication specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/60—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling
    • F04D29/62—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/624—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/626—Mounting or removal of fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a turbocharger.
  • a turbocharger comprises a turbine in which a first medium is expanded. Furthermore, a turbocharger comprises a compressor in which a second medium is compressed, utilising energy extracted in the turbine during the expansion of the first medium.
  • the turbine of the turbocharger comprises a turbine housing and a turbine rotor.
  • the compressor of the turbocharger comprises a compressor housing and a compressor rotor. Between the turbine housing of the turbine and the compressor housing of the compressor a bearing housing is positioned. The bearing housing is connected on the one hand to the turbine housing and on the other hand to the compressor housing. In the bearing housing a shaft is mounted via which the turbine rotor is coupled to the compressor rotor.
  • a turbocharger having a compressor, a turbine, and a bearing housing is known.
  • a shaft via which the turbine rotor is coupled to the compressor rotor is mounted, namely by way of a plurality of sliding bearings.
  • a sliding bearing which serves for mounting the shaft in the bearing housing, faces the turbine.
  • a further sliding bearing which serves for mounting the shaft in the bearing housing, faces the compressor.
  • the bearing facing the turbine is followed by an end disc, which, in particular when the sliding bearing comprises a floating bearing ring or a floating bearing bush, restricts the axial displacement of the bearing ring or of the bearing bush in the direction of the turbine, and which in particular when the bearing bush or the bearing ring are fixed, serves for retaining the bearing bush or the bearing ring.
  • a substantial requirement with regard to the operational safety of a turbocharger consists in the oil tightness of the mounting of the shaft, in particular towards the turbine wheel of the turbine. Especially on the hot turbine side there is the risk that oil leaking from the bearing housing can ignite. For this reason, shaft seals for mounting the shaft in the bearing housing are essential components for the operational safety of turbochargers.
  • one aspect of the present invention is based on creating a new type of turbocharger.
  • a swirl chamber that is open in the direction of the bearing ring or the bearing bush is introduced into the end disc on an axial surface facing the bearing ring or the bearing bush of the bearing facing the turbine, which collects and discharges oil that leaks from the lubrication gap of the bearing.
  • the end disc which follows the bearing ring or the bearing bush of the bearing of the shaft facing the turbine adjoining the turbine, comprises a swirl chamber, which is open in the direction of the bearing ring or the bearing bush. Oil that leaks from the lubrication gap of the bearing can enter the swirl chamber that is open in the direction of the bearing ring or the bearing bush and collected and calmed there.
  • the swirl chamber discharges collected and calmed oil, namely in the direction of an oil drain in the region of the bearing housing.
  • the swirl chamber of the end disc that is open in the direction of the bearing ring is bounded on a side facing away from the bearing ring or the bearing bush by a closed axial wall and on a radially outer side by a closed radial wall.
  • the swirl chamber of the end disc that is open in the direction of the bearing ring or the bearing bush is bounded on a radially inner side facing the shaft by a web emanating from the axial wall, which bounds the open swirl chamber on the side facing away from the bearing ring or the bearing bush and extends in the axial direction of the axial surface facing the bearing ring or the bearing bush and ends, spaced apart, in front of this axial surface.
  • Such a contouring of the swirl chamber of the end disc that is open in the direction of the bearing ring or the bearing bush is particularly preferred in order to safely collect and calm the oil that leaks from the lubrication gap of the bearing.
  • the open swirl chamber is contoured such that an extension of the chamfer of the bearing ring or of the bearing bush facing the swirl chamber intersects the closed axial wall.
  • the web which bounds the swirl chamber radially inside, defines a sealing gap to the shaft, the axial length of which preferably amounts to between 0.1 times and 0.7 times the axial thickness of the end disc and/or the radial width of which amounts to preferentially between 2 times and 20 times the radial bearing gap between the bearing ring or the bearing bush and the shaft.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross section through a turbocharger
  • FIG. 2 is a detail of a turbocharger
  • FIG. 3 is a detail of FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 4 is a further detail of a turbocharger.
  • FIG. 1 shows the fundamental construction of a turbocharger 1 .
  • a turbocharger 1 comprises a turbine 2 for expanding a first medium, in particular for expanding exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. Furthermore, a turbocharger 1 comprises a compressor 3 for compressing a second medium, in particular charge air, namely utilising energy extracted in the turbine 2 during the expansion of the first medium.
  • the turbine 2 comprises a turbine housing 4 and a turbine rotor 5 .
  • the compressor 3 comprises a compressor housing 6 and a compressor rotor 7 .
  • the compressor rotor 7 is coupled to the turbine rotor 5 via a shaft 8 , which is mounted in a bearing housing 9 .
  • the bearing housing 9 is positioned between the turbine housing 4 and the compressor housing 5 and is connected to both the turbine housing 4 and the compressor housing 5 .
  • the turbine housing 4 of the turbine 2 comprises an inflow housing 11 and an outflow housing 12 .
  • the inflow housing 11 the first medium to be expanded in the region of the turbine can be fed to the turbine rotor 5 .
  • the outflow housing 12 first medium expanded in the region of the turbine rotor 5 flows away from the turbine 2 .
  • the turbine housing 4 comprises an insert piece 13 , wherein the insert piece 13 runs in particular in the region of the inflow housing 11 , namely adjacent to the turbine rotor 5 radially outside adjoining moving blades 14 of the turbine rotor 5 .
  • the turbine housing 4 furthermore, comprises a nozzle ring 15 .
  • the nozzle ring 15 is also referred to as turbine guide apparatus.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sealing cover 16 in the connecting region of inflow housing 11 and bearing housing 9 .
  • the sealing cover 16 is also referred to as bearing housing cover or heat shield.
  • the inflow housing 11 of the turbine 2 is connected to the bearing housing 9 via an attachment device 17 , which is preferentially formed as a clamping claw.
  • a radially outer portion of the sealing cover 15 is clamped in this connecting region between bearing housing 9 and inflow housing 11 of the turbine.
  • the nozzle ring is also preferentially clamped with a portion.
  • FIG. 2 shows an extract from a turbocharger in the region of a bearing 18 , which serves for the mounting of the shaft 8 in the bearing housing 9 on a side of the shaft 8 or of the bearing housing 9 facing the turbine 2 or the turbine wheel 5 of the turbine 2 .
  • the bearing 18 facing the turbine or the turbine wheel 5 is a radial sliding bearing that comprises a bearing ring or a bearing bush 19 . Between the bearing ring or the bearing bush 19 and the shaft 8 a lubrication gap 20 is formed, which can be supplied with oil via a bore 21 in the bearing housing 9 .
  • the bearing ring or the bearing bush 19 of the bearing 18 is followed by an end disc 22 .
  • the end disc 22 limits the axial movability of the bearing ring or of the bearing bush 19 .
  • the end disc 22 retains the bearing ring or the bearing bush 19 in the axial direction.
  • a swirl chamber 24 that is open in the direction of the bearing ring or the bearing bush 19 is formed according to one aspect of the invention in the end disc 22 , which is embodied in one piece or one part. Oil that leaks from the lubrication gap 20 in the region of a chamfer 25 of the bearing ring or the bearing bush 19 facing the swirl chamber can be collected in this swirl chamber 24 and calmed in the swirl chamber 24 .
  • the swirl chamber 24 circulates in the circumferential direction and in a circumferential position comprises an oil drain opening 26 , via which the oil collected and calmed in the swirl chamber 24 can then be discharged via an oil drain of the bearing housing 9 .
  • This oil drain opening 26 has an opening angle ⁇ in the circumferential direction between 5° and 90°.
  • the swirl chamber 24 is open in the direction of the bearing ring or the bearing bush 19 of the bearing 18 .
  • This swirl chamber that is open in the direction of the bearing ring or the bearing bush 19 is limited on a side facing away from the bearing ring or the bearing bush 19 by a closed axial wall 27 and radially outside by a closed radial wall 28 .
  • a web 29 extends in the direction of the bearing ring or the bearing bush 19 , which limits the swirl chamber 24 radially inside adjoining the shaft 8 in portions and which ends spaced apart in front of the axial surface 23 of the end disc 22 facing the bearing ring or the bearing bush 19 . Accordingly, the web 29 has an axial length that is smaller than the axial thickness or width of the end disc 22 .
  • the web 29 which defines a sealing gap 30 towards the shaft 8 has an axial length which amounts to between 0.1 times and 0.7 times of the axial thickness or axial width of the end disc 22 .
  • the radial width of the sealing gap 30 between the web 29 of the end disc 22 and the shaft 8 amounts to between 2 times and 20 times the radial bearing play between the bearing ring 19 of the bearing 18 and the shaft 8 .
  • the swirl chamber 24 is contoured in particular in such a manner that an extension of that chamfer 25 of the bearing ring or of the bearing bush 19 , which diverges in the direction of the swirl chamber 24 , intersects the closed axial wall 27 that limits the swirl chamber 24 on the side facing away from the bearing ring or the bearing bush 19 .
  • this extension of the chamfer 25 is shown in dashed line drawing. There, the extension of the chamfer 25 intersects the closed axial wall 27 in particular in the transition region to the closed radial wall 28 , which limits the swirl chamber 24 radially outside.
  • a swirl chamber 24 that is open in the direction of the bearing ring or the bearing bush 19 of the bearing 18 is introduced into the end disc 22 , which is arranged between the turbine wheel 5 and the bearing 18 , which mounts the shaft 8 on the side in the bearing housing 9 facing the turbine 2 .
  • Oil, which leaks from the lubrication gap 20 between the bearing ring or the bearing bush 19 of the bearing 18 and the shaft 8 enters the region of the swirl chamber 24 is collected and calmed there and via the swirl chamber 24 circulating in the circumferential direction is conducted in the direction of the oil drain opening 26 of the end disc 22 .
  • the collected oil can be discharged in a defined manner.
  • the swirl chamber 24 is limited radially inside by the web 29 , radially outside by the radial wall 28 and on the side facing away from the bearing ring or the bearing bush 19 by the axial wall 27 .
  • an extension of the chamfer 25 of the bearing ring or of the bearing bush 19 intersects this axial wall 27 . Adjoining the bearing ring or the bearing bush 19 , the swirl chamber 24 is open.
  • an end disc as described above can likewise be arranged.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
US16/750,300 2019-01-25 2020-01-23 Turbocharger Abandoned US20200240426A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019101868.4 2019-01-25
DE102019101868.4A DE102019101868A1 (de) 2019-01-25 2019-01-25 Turbolader

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20200240426A1 true US20200240426A1 (en) 2020-07-30

Family

ID=71524079

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US16/750,300 Abandoned US20200240426A1 (en) 2019-01-25 2020-01-23 Turbocharger

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20200240426A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2020118163A (zh)
KR (1) KR20200093430A (zh)
CN (1) CN111502781A (zh)
CH (1) CH715786B1 (zh)
DE (1) DE102019101868A1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2020100846A (zh)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010038527B4 (de) 2010-07-28 2020-08-13 Man Energy Solutions Se Turbomaschine
CN201771556U (zh) * 2010-09-13 2011-03-23 无锡科博增压器有限公司 一种双滚珠轴承涡轮增压器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH715786A2 (de) 2020-07-31
JP2020118163A (ja) 2020-08-06
KR20200093430A (ko) 2020-08-05
DE102019101868A1 (de) 2020-07-30
CN111502781A (zh) 2020-08-07
RU2020100846A (ru) 2021-07-14
CH715786B1 (de) 2022-11-15

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