US2019647A

US2019647A - Roof of buildings

Info

Publication number: US2019647A
Application number: US716026A
Authority: US
Inventors: Basten Frederick; Hurden Evelyn
Original assignee: D Anderson and Son Ltd
Current assignee: D Anderson and Son Ltd
Priority date: 1933-03-21
Filing date: 1934-03-17
Publication date: 1935-11-05
Anticipated expiration: 1952-11-05

Description

www?

Nov. 5, 1935. F. BAsTEN ET A1.

ROOF oF BUILDINGS Filed March 1'7, 1954 AT TO R N EVS N O0/W E -R @u TNm EN ADE BRV Um MH WN LV DL im ,ME

Patented Nov. 5, 1935 uien STATES 'PATENT OFFICEA ROOF OF BUILDINGS Application March 17, 1934, Serial No. 716,026 In Great Britain March 21, 1933 4 Claims.

invention relates to roofs of buildings and in particular to flat roofs.

For many years flat roofs were covered with metal, which had the disadvantage of involving considerable expense in the construction of the roof timbers and was unsuitable to withstand traine, and further the metal roofing could not be easily applied to concrete structures. Rock asphalt was also extensively adopted. for flat roof covering, ut owing to its rigid nature was very liable to crack. Neither of these coverings had any heat insulating properties.

Built up layers of waterproof felt and bitumen as a waterproofing for flat roofs have also been l5 extensively used, but tol ensure reasonable durability and to comply with building laws and regulations and the requirements of fire insurance companies, some protective covering had to be provided. Various kinds of protective coverings have been applied over the felt and bitumen, which were subject to some disadvantage, either that they did not strictly comply with the building laws, or if they did, they were of such a dense nature that considerable heat was transmitted to the sub-structure. In many cases the protective coverings were not suitable for traic, and invariably they absorbed heat from the sun and transferred it to the supporting structure, which expanded and contracted, thereby disturbing the walls of the building, and. also the temperature of the space below the roof was liable to excessive variations.

The object of the invention is to provide a protective covering which will (1) comply strictly with all building by-laws and fire insurance regulations, (2) give the maximum external insulation by reflection of the suns rays, (3) present a surface which can be used for balconies, sun balconies of hospitals, tea pavillons and like structures where chairs and tables or beds can be freely used, (4) have a pleasing and attractive appearance.

According to the invention, the protective covering consists of flat tiles of rigid insoluble and incombustible material such as porous concrete with a facing of asbestos cement, which tiles when applied to the roof are bedded in bitumen. The asbestos cement is preferably turned round the edges of the tiles and carried on the underside of the tiles, say for about one inch, to prevent the percolation of water from the edges into the concrete, permitting the tiles to be laid with slightly open joints to allow for expansion Without disturbance. The tiles are preferably grooved on their underside to take up any excess of bitumen.

These tiles having a, practicallyv impervious asbestos cement facing with a porous backing are light in weight and of high insulating qualities. They will withstand any ordinary traffic on the roof and retain their light grey surface per- 5 manently, presenting the maximum reflection of the suns rays at all times-even after rain-thus giving perfect insulation to the substructure and the rooms beneath. Although the tiles, which are of relatively small size, say l2 inches in diameter, 10 are practically impervious unless exposed to very heavy and long-continued rain, they are not intended for the purpose lof increasing the weather-resisting qualities of the roof, this being the function vof the existing bituminous layer or 15 layers underneath them, which they protect and insulate. The filling must be rigid and strong enough to support the asbestos cement facing against traflic, for which purpose wood is unsuitable b-ut porous concrete is suitable. 20

In order that the said invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into effect, the same will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is a perspective View of a portion of a flat roof ex- 25 emplifying the invention.

A indicates wood planks forming a part of a fiat roof, B layers of waterproof fabric, C tiles each comprising a porous back D of any desired thickness, for example of porous concrete, and 30 a facing E of asbestos cement, which gives a hard tough wearing surface practically impervious to moisture, and at each of its four edges is turned in underneath the concrete or other incombustible and insoluble porous backing ma- 35 terial. Grooves, not shown, may be provided in the said backing material, not for keying purposes, but to receive any surplusl bitumen that may be squeezed up. Although the invention is described and illustrated as applied to a hat o roof of wooden construction, it will readily be understood that the invention can be equally well applied to concrete or hollow tiles or any other form of flat roof.

What we claim and desire to secure by Letters 45 Patent of the United States is:-

1. A flat heat insulating rectangular tile of uniform thickness adap-ted for covering flat roofs to withstand traffic thereon, said tile consisting of a filling of a uniformly solid and rigid insoluble 50 incombustible material of great inherent strength such as porous concrete, and a facing of asbestos cement on. the upper side of said filling, the asbestos cement being turned down at all the four edges of the filling and turned inward for a short distance underneath the filling at all the said four edges, which asbestos cement facing serves to protect the filling and forms a heat insulation preventing passage of heat to said filling.

2. A fiat heat insulating roofing tile of uniform thickness adapted for covering flat roofs to withstand traiiic thereon, said tile consisting of a filling of a uniformly solid and rigid insoluble incornbustible material of great inherent strength such as porous concrete, and a facing of asbestos cement on the upper side of said lling, the asbestos cement being turned down at the peripheral edges all around the filling and turned inward for a uniformly short distance beneath said filling at said peripheral edges, which asbestos cementv facing serves to protect the filling and forms a heat insulation preventing passage of heat to said filling.

3. A heat insulating flat roof comprising, in combination, a support, waterproof fabric laid on said support, a bituminous coating over said fabric, and a plurality of tiles embedded in said coating and slightly spaced apart to permit of expansion and' contraction, each of which tiles is of flat rectangular form and of uniform thickness, and comprises a filling of a uniformly solid and rigid insoluble incombustible material of great inherent strength such as porous concrete, and a heat insulating facing of asbestos cement on the upper side of said filling, serving to insulate and protect said filling from radiant heat the asbestos cement being turned down at al1 the four edges of the filling and turned inward for a short distance underneath the filling at all the said four edges so as to expose the interior filling of concrete of each tile Within the edges upon the bottom thereof directly to the underlying bituminous coating, said bituminous coating extending a limited distance upward in the spaces between the tiles and serving to seal the same and the filling of said tiles against the atmosphere and other influences.

4. A heat insulating flat roof comprising, in combination, a. support, waterproof fabric laid on said support, a bituminous coating over said fabric, and a plurality of tiles embedded in said coating and slightly spaced apart to permit of expansion and contraction, each" of whichtile is iiat and of uniform thickness, and comp-rises tile of uniform thickness adapted for covering flat roofs to withstand tra-flic thereon, said tile consisting of a filling of a uniformly solid and rigid insoluble incombustible material of great inherent strength such as porous concrete, and a heat insulating facing of asbestos cement on the upper side of said filling, serving to insulate and protect said filling from radiant heat the asbestos cement being turned'down at the peripheral edges all around the filling and turned inward for a uniformly short distance beneath said lling at said peripheral edges so as to expose the interior filling of concrete of each tile within the edges upon the bottom thereof directly to the underlying bituminous coating, said bituminous coating extending a limited distance upward in the spaces between the tiles and serving to seal the same and the filling of said tiles against the atmosphere and other influences.

FREDERICK BASTEN. EVELYN HURDEN.