US20190343227A1 - Sole structure and an article of footwear - Google Patents
Sole structure and an article of footwear Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20190343227A1 US20190343227A1 US15/974,793 US201815974793A US2019343227A1 US 20190343227 A1 US20190343227 A1 US 20190343227A1 US 201815974793 A US201815974793 A US 201815974793A US 2019343227 A1 US2019343227 A1 US 2019343227A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sole structure
- sole
- insole
- structure according
- diaphragm element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/06—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
- A43B13/18—Resilient soles
- A43B13/20—Pneumatic soles filled with a compressible fluid, e.g. air, gas
- A43B13/206—Pneumatic soles filled with a compressible fluid, e.g. air, gas provided with tubes or pipes or tubular shaped cushioning members
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
- A43B13/12—Soles with several layers of different materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
- A43B13/12—Soles with several layers of different materials
- A43B13/122—Soles with several layers of different materials characterised by the outsole or external layer
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
- A43B13/12—Soles with several layers of different materials
- A43B13/125—Soles with several layers of different materials characterised by the midsole or middle layer
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
- A43B13/141—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form with a part of the sole being flexible, e.g. permitting articulation or torsion
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
- A43B13/18—Resilient soles
- A43B13/181—Resiliency achieved by the structure of the sole
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/38—Built-in insoles joined to uppers during the manufacturing process, e.g. structural insoles; Insoles glued to shoes during the manufacturing process
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/06—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated
- A43B7/08—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated with air-holes, with or without closures
- A43B7/081—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated with air-holes, with or without closures the air being forced from outside
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/06—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated
- A43B7/08—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated with air-holes, with or without closures
- A43B7/084—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated with air-holes, with or without closures characterised by the location of the holes
- A43B7/088—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated with air-holes, with or without closures characterised by the location of the holes in the side of the sole
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
- A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
- A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
- A43B7/144—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the heel, i.e. the calcaneus bone
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a sole structure for an article of footwear, and an article of footwear.
- An article of footwear such as a shoe, a cleat, a sandal, a boot or the like, is used to protect and provide comfort to a user's foot.
- An article of footwear is typically formed from many components including an upper and a sole structure. The upper and the sole structure are bound together during the shoemaking process to form a space for receiving a user's foot.
- the sole structure includes an outsole as its bottommost surface. The outsole comes into direct contact with the ground and so it is normally formed from a hardwearing material.
- the sole structure may also include an insole (also known as a footbed), which is a layer of material inserted into the space formed between the upper and the outsole. In normal use of the article of footwear, a user's foot rests on the insole.
- Some articles of footwear also include a midsole, which is a layer of material provided between the insole and the outsole. The midsole is used to enhance comfort and improve shock absorption.
- a sole structure for an article of footwear comprising: a sole component; and an insole, the insole being mounted to the sole component so as to define a cavity within the sole structure, the insole comprising a resiliently deformable diaphragm element that is constructed and arranged to force air through the cavity when depressed.
- the sole component is a midsole.
- the sole component is an outsole.
- the resiliently deformable diaphragm element comprises a first surface that protrudes above the insole and a second surface recessed into the insole.
- the resiliently deformable diaphragm element is located at a heel region of the insole.
- the sole component comprises an air pump formation constructed and arranged to interact with the resiliently deformable diaphragm element when the resiliently deformable diaphragm element is depressed.
- the air pump formation comprises one or more resilient pillars arranged on a first surface of the sole component.
- the sole component comprises a plurality of resilient pillars arranged on a first surface of the sole component, the plurality of resilient pillars protruding into the cavity, thereby dividing the cavity into a series of air circulation channels.
- the resiliently deformable diaphragm element forces air through the air circulation channels when depressed by deforming at least one of the plurality of resilient pillars, thereby generating a pumping action.
- one or more of the plurality of resilient pillars is disposed in a first region of the sole structure, and one or more of the plurality of resilient pillars is disposed in a second region of the sole structure.
- the one or more resilient pillars disposed in the first region comprise a generally teardrop shaped cross section.
- the first region is a toe region and/or a midfoot region of the sole structure.
- the one or more resilient pillars disposed in the second region comprise a generally lens shaped cross section.
- the second region is a heel region of the sole structure.
- the sole component comprises a plurality of air passages for increasing air flow into the cavity of the sole structure, and wherein the sole structure comprises an insert having a plurality of tubes, each tube being inserted into an air passage.
- the insert comprises a base and the plurality of tubes is mounted onto the base.
- the sole component comprises a hollow for housing the insert.
- an article of footwear comprising a sole structure for an article of footwear, the sole structure comprising: a sole component; and an insole, the insole being mounted to the sole component so as to define a cavity within the sole structure, the insole comprising a resiliently deformable diaphragm element that is constructed and arranged to force air through the cavity when depressed.
- the sole component comprises an air pump formation constructed and arranged to interact with the resiliently deformable diaphragm element when the resiliently deformable diaphragm element is depressed.
- the sole component comprises a plurality of resilient pillars arranged on a first surface of the sole component, the plurality of resilient pillars protruding into the cavity, thereby dividing the cavity into a series of air circulation channels.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically a perspective view of an example of a sole structure for an article of footwear, the sole structure including an insole, a sole component and an insert;
- FIG. 2 shows schematically a perspective view of the sole component and the insert shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 shows schematically a plan view of the sole component shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 ;
- FIG. 4 shows schematically a side view of the sole component shown in FIGS. 1-3 ;
- FIG. 5 shows schematically a longitudinal cross section view of the sole component shown in FIG. 3 , along the line X-X, with the insole mounted to the sole component.
- FIG. 6 shows schematically a perspective view of the insert shown in FIGS. 1-4 ;
- FIG. 7 shows schematically a perspective view of the insert shown in FIGS. 1-4 ;
- FIG. 8 shows schematically a front perspective view of the insole shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 9 shows schematically a rear perspective view of the insole shown in FIG. 8 .
- An article of footwear such as a shoe, a cleat, a sandal, a boot or the like, is used to protect and provide comfort to a user's foot.
- An article of footwear is typically formed from many components including an upper and a sole structure. The upper and the sole structure are bound together during the shoemaking process to form a space for receiving a user's foot.
- the sole structure includes an outsole as its bottommost surface. The outsole comes into direct contact with the ground and so it is normally formed from a hardwearing material.
- the sole structure may also include an insole (also known as a footbed), which is a layer of material inserted into the space formed between the upper and the outsole. In normal use of the article of footwear, a user's foot rests on the insole.
- Some articles of footwear also include a midsole, which is a layer of material provided between the insole and the outsole. The midsole is used to enhance comfort and improve shock absorption.
- An article of footwear is designed and manufactured to suit a specific need or purpose and so it must have particular properties.
- One important property is that the article of footwear is comfortable for a user to wear. Therefore, the sole structure of an article of footwear should be able to absorb at least some of the shock experienced when a user walks or runs on a hard surface such as concrete. Further, the sole structure of an article of footwear should also allow heat generated by a user's foot to easily dissipate out of the shoe, so as to cool the user's foot.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically a sole structure 1 for an article of footwear 2 .
- the article of footwear 2 is a shoe.
- the article of footwear is a boot, a cleat, a sandal or the like.
- the article of footwear 2 includes an upper (not shown) mounted to a sole structure 1 .
- the sole structure 1 includes a sole component, which in this example is a midsole 3 (shown schematically in FIGS. 2-5 ), an insole 4 (also known as a footbed, and shown schematically in FIGS. 8 and 9 ) and an insert 5 (shown schematically in FIGS. 6 and 7 ).
- the sole structure 1 also includes an outsole (not shown) attached to the bottom of the midsole 3 .
- the outsole may be formed from a rubber material.
- the outsole is the part of the sole structure that contacts with the ground during use of the article of footwear 2 .
- the sole component is an outsole.
- the sole structure 1 includes only an insole 4 and an outsole.
- the outsole may have one or more, or all of the features of the midsole 3 as described herein.
- the article of footwear 2 is assembled by first implanting the insert 5 into a hollow 6 provided in the midsole 3 .
- the upper is then mounted to the sole structure 1 by various techniques, such as stitching and/or cementing.
- the insole 4 is then inserted into the space defined between the upper and the midsole 3 .
- the insole 4 may be temporality mounted or secured to the midsole 3 whilst it is in the space defined between the upper and the midsole 3 by using for example an adhesive. This helps to prevent the insole 4 from moving when the article of footwear 2 is worn by a user.
- the midsole 3 has a side wall 7 surrounding a first surface, which acts as a base 8 .
- the insole 4 is a removable component and is provided to improve the comfort and shock absorption provided by the sole structure 1 .
- the insole 4 sits on the midsole 3 .
- the insole 4 has a first surface, which is the uppermost surface 9 of the insole 4 when it is mounted to the midsole 3 (shown in FIG. 8 ).
- the insole 4 also has a second surface, which is the lowermost surface 10 of the insole 4 when it is mounted to the midsole 3 (shown in FIG. 9 ).
- the insole 4 When the article of footwear 2 is in an assembled state, the insole 4 is mounted to the midsole 3 such that a cavity 11 is defined between the side wall 7 and the base 8 of the midsole 3 , and the lowermost surface 10 of the insole 4 .
- the cavity 11 extends from the heel region 12 of the sole structure 1 through to the toe region 13 of the sole structure 1 . Air can circulate within the cavity 11 , which can help to cool down the feet of a user that is wearing the article of footwear 2 .
- the insole 4 includes a diaphragm element 14 .
- the diaphragm element 14 is constructed and arranged to force air through the cavity 11 when the diaphragm element 14 is depressed.
- the diaphragm element 14 is provided at the heel region 15 of the insole 4 .
- the diaphragm element 14 is thus located so that it can be depressed by the heel of a user's foot pressing against it during use of the article of footwear 2 by a user.
- the diaphragm element 14 has a foot contact surface 16 that protrudes above the uppermost surface 9 of the insole 4 .
- the foot contact surface 16 faces towards a user's heel and is the surface that comes into contact a user's foot.
- the diaphragm element 14 has a corresponding pumping surface 17 .
- the pumping surface 17 is recessed into the lowermost surface 10 of the insole 4 , defining a chamber 18 .
- the diaphragm element 14 In use, when the foot contact surface 16 of the diaphragm element 14 is pressed by a user's foot (e.g. when a user has taken a step when wearing the article of footwear 2 ) the diaphragm element 14 deforms towards the midsole 3 . In this example, deformation of the diaphragm element 14 pushes the pumping surface 17 towards the midsole 3 , which reduces the volume of the chamber 18 . This forces at least some of the air that was contained within the chamber 18 into and through the cavity 11 that is between the insole 4 and the midsole 3 . When the user's foot releases from the foot contact surface 16 of the diaphragm element 14 (e.g.
- the diaphragm element 14 reforms back to its original shape (as is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 ).
- the pumping surface 17 is released so that it can move away from the midsole 3 , which increases the volume of the chamber 18 .
- the diaphragm element 14 is now in a position where it can once again be pressed to force air into the cavity 11 .
- the repeated pressing and releasing of the diaphragm element 14 as a user walks thus causes a pumping effect that forces air through the cavity 11 between the insole 4 and the midsole 3 .
- the pumping effect may reduce the temperature of the user's feet, thereby improving making the article of footwear 2 much more comfortable for a user to wear.
- the diaphragm element 14 (or at least a portion thereof) is resiliently deformable.
- the diaphragm element 14 is formed from a one or more resiliently deformable materials.
- the diaphragm element 14 is formed from polyurethane foam. Using polyurethane foam is particularly advantageous due it its antimicrobial properties and the level of comfort it provided to the wearer.
- the diaphragm element 14 may be formed from the same material(s) from which the remainder of the insole 4 is formed.
- the diaphragm element 14 have a structure and/or a shape that enhances the above mentioned pumping effect.
- the diaphragm element has an ovular profile.
- the foot contact surface 16 has a convex shape.
- the pumping surface 17 has a concave shape.
- the midsole 3 includes an air pump formation 19 .
- the air pump formation 19 is formed on the midsole 3 so that it protrudes above the base 8 of the midsole 3 . This allows the air pump formation 19 to interact with the diaphragm element 14 when the diaphragm element 14 is depressed.
- the air pump formation 19 is integrally formed on the base 8 of the midsole 3 .
- the air pump formation 19 is a separate element that is attached to the base 8 of the midsole 3 by various techniques, such as being stitched, glued or screwed.
- the air pump formation 19 may interact with the diaphragm element 14 by engaging or abutting with the diaphragm element 14 when the diaphragm element 14 is depressed. This engagement reduces the distance that the diaphragm element 14 must be depressed so that the volume of the chamber 18 is reduced sufficiently to force air from the chamber 18 into the cavity 11 .
- the air pump formation 19 limits the depth to which the diaphragm element 14 can be depressed, so that it can more easily reflect back to its normal non-depressed position.
- the diaphragm element 14 when depressed, may just move towards the air pump formation 19 . In that example, it is not necessary for the diaphragm element 14 to actually contact with the air pump formation 19 .
- One or more air passages 20 may be formed in the side wall 7 of the midsole 3 .
- the side wall 7 of the midsole 3 contains a plurality of air passages 20 .
- the one or more air passages 20 improve the pumping effect of the diaphragm element 14 by allowing cool air from outside of the cavity 11 to be drawn into the cavity 11 and directed from the heel region 12 towards the toe region 13 of the sole structure 1 .
- the plurality of air passages 20 are located at the heel region 12 of the sole structure 1 . This improves the effectiveness of the air passages 20 since they are provided near to the diaphragm element 14 .
- the insert 5 may have a plurality of tubes 21 .
- each tube 21 of the insert 5 is inserted into an air passage 20 .
- the plurality of tubes 21 support the air passages 20 and help to keep them open whilst a user is using the article of footwear 2 .
- the plurality of tubes 21 is mounted to a base plate 22 .
- the base plate 22 retains the plurality of tubes 21 within the hollow 6 so that they do not fall out through the air passages 20 .
- the hollow 6 has a shape that generally corresponds to the shape of the base 22 of the insert 5 .
- the midsole 3 includes a plurality of resilient pillars 23 provided across an uppermost surface 24 of the base 7 of the midsole 3 .
- the pillars 23 are formed from a resilient material.
- the pillars 23 are each formed from ethylene-vinyl acetate, also known as EVA. This allows each of the pillars 23 to deform in response to pressure (e.g. from a user's foot pressing on the pillars 23 as user walks), and then reform back to its original shape once the pressure has been removed or reduced.
- the plurality of resilient pillars 23 support the insole 4 and thus the user's foot when the user is wearing the article of footwear 2 .
- the plurality of resilient pillars 23 are integrally formed with the midsole 3 .
- the plurality of resilient pillars 23 may attached to the uppermost surface 24 of the base 7 of the midsole 3 by another method.
- the plurality of resilient pillars 23 may be stitched, glued or screwed to the uppermost surface 24 of the base 7 of the midsole 3 .
- the plurality of resilient pillars 23 may be provided in a regular pattern. In another example, the plurality of resilient pillars 23 may be provided in an irregular pattern. In a further example, the plurality of resilient pillars 6 may be provided partially in a regular pattern and partially in an irregular pattern.
- the plurality of resilient pillars 23 may extend from the uppermost surface 24 of the base 7 to the upper. Indeed, in this example, a top surface 25 of each of the plurality of resilient pillars 23 is in contact with a bottom surface of the upper when the article of footwear 2 is assembled.
- the plurality of resilient pillars 23 are thus provided within the cavity 11 and divide the cavity 11 from a singular open space into a series of air circulation channels. That is, the air circulation channels are the passages in between the pillars 23 .
- the combined cross sectional area of the air circulation channels i.e. the cross sectional area between the pillars 23
- the velocity of the air being forced through the cavity 11 having air circulation channels by the diaphragm element 14 is typically greater than the velocity of the air being forced through the open cavity 11 . This provides an improved cooling effect.
- Each of the plurality of resilient pillars 23 may have any particular shape, so long as the shape is suitable for providing support to a user's foot.
- the plurality of resilient pillars 23 are all generally cylindrical. This allows air to easily flow through the air circulation channels between the cylinders.
- some of the plurality of resilient pillars 21 may have a teardrop cross section 26 .
- a pillar having a teardrop cross section 26 can allow air to flow easily past the pillar 23 (and thus through an air circulation channel) in the direction from the narrow end of the teardrop to the rounded end, but not easily past the pillar 23 (and thus through an air circulation channel) in the direction from the rounded end of the tear drop to the narrow end.
- one or more pillars having a teardrop cross section 26 may be oriented so that the narrow end of the teardrop cross section 26 faces towards the heel region 12 of the sole structure 1 .
- the shape of a pillar having a teardrop cross section 26 allows air to flow easily in the air circulation channels in a heel to toe direction, but impedes air flow in the air circulation channels from a toe to heel direction.
- some of the plurality of resilient pillars 23 may have a lens cross section 27 .
- a pillar having a lens cross section 27 can allow air to flow easily past the pillar 23 (and thus through an air circulation channel) in both a heel to toe direction and in a toe to heel direction.
- One or more of the resilient pillars 23 may be provided in a first region of the sole structure 1 and one or more of the resilient pillars 23 may be provided in a second region of the sole structure 1 .
- the first region is the toe region 13 of the sole structure 1 and a midfoot region 28 of the sole structure 1
- the second region is the heel region 12 of the sole structure.
- the one or more of the plurality of resilient pillars 23 that are provided in a region may all have a particular cross-section shape.
- the pillars 23 provided in the first region (which includes the toe region 13 and the midfoot region 28 of the sole structure 1 ) all have a teardrop cross section 26 .
- the pillars 23 provided in the second region (which includes the heel region 12 ) all have a lens cross section 27 .
- the air pump formation 19 may be formed from one or more of the plurality of resilient pillars 23 .
- the one or more pillars forming the air pump formation 19 have a greater height that the remaining pillars. This allows the pillars forming the air pump formation to interact with the diaphragm element 14 of the insole 4 , without the other pillars interfering.
- the air pump formation 19 is formed from one or more of the plurality of resilient pillars 23 .
- An advantage of the arrangement described above is the pumping effect of the diaphragm element 14 forces air to circulate around the cavity 11 beneath the insole 4 during normal use of the article of footwear 2 .
- the air flowing through the cavity 11 cools the user's foot and thereby improves the comfort provided by the article of footwear 2 .
- This cooling effect is particularly important in articles of footwear 1 designed for exercise, work etc., where a high level of movement is expected from a user.
Abstract
A sole structure for an article of footwear. The sole structure comprises a sole component; and an insole, the insole being mounted to the sole component so as to define a cavity within the sole structure, the insole comprising a resiliently deformable diaphragm element that is constructed and arranged to force air through the cavity when depressed.
Description
- The present disclosure relates to a sole structure for an article of footwear, and an article of footwear.
- An article of footwear, such as a shoe, a cleat, a sandal, a boot or the like, is used to protect and provide comfort to a user's foot. An article of footwear is typically formed from many components including an upper and a sole structure. The upper and the sole structure are bound together during the shoemaking process to form a space for receiving a user's foot. The sole structure includes an outsole as its bottommost surface. The outsole comes into direct contact with the ground and so it is normally formed from a hardwearing material. The sole structure may also include an insole (also known as a footbed), which is a layer of material inserted into the space formed between the upper and the outsole. In normal use of the article of footwear, a user's foot rests on the insole. Some articles of footwear also include a midsole, which is a layer of material provided between the insole and the outsole. The midsole is used to enhance comfort and improve shock absorption.
- According to a first aspect disclosed herein, there is provided a sole structure for an article of footwear, the sole structure comprising: a sole component; and an insole, the insole being mounted to the sole component so as to define a cavity within the sole structure, the insole comprising a resiliently deformable diaphragm element that is constructed and arranged to force air through the cavity when depressed.
- In an example, the sole component is a midsole.
- In an example, the sole component is an outsole.
- In an example, the resiliently deformable diaphragm element comprises a first surface that protrudes above the insole and a second surface recessed into the insole.
- In an example, the resiliently deformable diaphragm element is located at a heel region of the insole.
- In an example, the sole component comprises an air pump formation constructed and arranged to interact with the resiliently deformable diaphragm element when the resiliently deformable diaphragm element is depressed.
- In an example, the air pump formation comprises one or more resilient pillars arranged on a first surface of the sole component.
- In an example, the sole component comprises a plurality of resilient pillars arranged on a first surface of the sole component, the plurality of resilient pillars protruding into the cavity, thereby dividing the cavity into a series of air circulation channels.
- In an example, the resiliently deformable diaphragm element forces air through the air circulation channels when depressed by deforming at least one of the plurality of resilient pillars, thereby generating a pumping action.
- In an example, one or more of the plurality of resilient pillars is disposed in a first region of the sole structure, and one or more of the plurality of resilient pillars is disposed in a second region of the sole structure.
- In an example, the one or more resilient pillars disposed in the first region comprise a generally teardrop shaped cross section.
- In an example, the first region is a toe region and/or a midfoot region of the sole structure.
- In an example, the one or more resilient pillars disposed in the second region comprise a generally lens shaped cross section.
- In an example, the second region is a heel region of the sole structure.
- In an example, the sole component comprises a plurality of air passages for increasing air flow into the cavity of the sole structure, and wherein the sole structure comprises an insert having a plurality of tubes, each tube being inserted into an air passage.
- In an example, the insert comprises a base and the plurality of tubes is mounted onto the base.
- In an example, the sole component comprises a hollow for housing the insert.
- According to a second aspect disclosed herein, there is provided an article of footwear comprising a sole structure for an article of footwear, the sole structure comprising: a sole component; and an insole, the insole being mounted to the sole component so as to define a cavity within the sole structure, the insole comprising a resiliently deformable diaphragm element that is constructed and arranged to force air through the cavity when depressed.
- In an example, the sole component comprises an air pump formation constructed and arranged to interact with the resiliently deformable diaphragm element when the resiliently deformable diaphragm element is depressed.
- In an example, the sole component comprises a plurality of resilient pillars arranged on a first surface of the sole component, the plurality of resilient pillars protruding into the cavity, thereby dividing the cavity into a series of air circulation channels.
- To assist understanding of the present disclosure and to show how embodiments may be put into effect, reference is made by way of example to the accompanying drawings in which:
-
FIG. 1 shows schematically a perspective view of an example of a sole structure for an article of footwear, the sole structure including an insole, a sole component and an insert; -
FIG. 2 shows schematically a perspective view of the sole component and the insert shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 shows schematically a plan view of the sole component shown inFIGS. 1 and 2 ; -
FIG. 4 shows schematically a side view of the sole component shown inFIGS. 1-3 ; -
FIG. 5 shows schematically a longitudinal cross section view of the sole component shown inFIG. 3 , along the line X-X, with the insole mounted to the sole component. -
FIG. 6 shows schematically a perspective view of the insert shown inFIGS. 1-4 ; -
FIG. 7 shows schematically a perspective view of the insert shown inFIGS. 1-4 ; -
FIG. 8 shows schematically a front perspective view of the insole shown inFIG. 1 ; and -
FIG. 9 shows schematically a rear perspective view of the insole shown inFIG. 8 . - An article of footwear, such as a shoe, a cleat, a sandal, a boot or the like, is used to protect and provide comfort to a user's foot. An article of footwear is typically formed from many components including an upper and a sole structure. The upper and the sole structure are bound together during the shoemaking process to form a space for receiving a user's foot. The sole structure includes an outsole as its bottommost surface. The outsole comes into direct contact with the ground and so it is normally formed from a hardwearing material. The sole structure may also include an insole (also known as a footbed), which is a layer of material inserted into the space formed between the upper and the outsole. In normal use of the article of footwear, a user's foot rests on the insole. Some articles of footwear also include a midsole, which is a layer of material provided between the insole and the outsole. The midsole is used to enhance comfort and improve shock absorption.
- An article of footwear is designed and manufactured to suit a specific need or purpose and so it must have particular properties. One important property is that the article of footwear is comfortable for a user to wear. Therefore, the sole structure of an article of footwear should be able to absorb at least some of the shock experienced when a user walks or runs on a hard surface such as concrete. Further, the sole structure of an article of footwear should also allow heat generated by a user's foot to easily dissipate out of the shoe, so as to cool the user's foot.
-
FIG. 1 shows schematically asole structure 1 for an article of footwear 2. In this example, the article of footwear 2 is a shoe. In another example, the article of footwear is a boot, a cleat, a sandal or the like. The article of footwear 2 includes an upper (not shown) mounted to asole structure 1. In this example, thesole structure 1 includes a sole component, which in this example is a midsole 3 (shown schematically inFIGS. 2-5 ), an insole 4 (also known as a footbed, and shown schematically inFIGS. 8 and 9 ) and an insert 5 (shown schematically inFIGS. 6 and 7 ). Thesole structure 1 also includes an outsole (not shown) attached to the bottom of themidsole 3. The outsole may be formed from a rubber material. The outsole is the part of the sole structure that contacts with the ground during use of the article of footwear 2. - In another example, the sole component is an outsole. Thus, the
sole structure 1 includes only aninsole 4 and an outsole. The outsole may have one or more, or all of the features of themidsole 3 as described herein. - The article of footwear 2 is assembled by first implanting the
insert 5 into a hollow 6 provided in themidsole 3. The upper is then mounted to thesole structure 1 by various techniques, such as stitching and/or cementing. Theinsole 4 is then inserted into the space defined between the upper and themidsole 3. In an example, theinsole 4 may be temporality mounted or secured to themidsole 3 whilst it is in the space defined between the upper and themidsole 3 by using for example an adhesive. This helps to prevent theinsole 4 from moving when the article of footwear 2 is worn by a user. - As is shown particularly in
FIG. 2 , themidsole 3 has aside wall 7 surrounding a first surface, which acts as abase 8. - The
insole 4 is a removable component and is provided to improve the comfort and shock absorption provided by thesole structure 1. In use, when the article of footwear 2 is in an assembled state, theinsole 4 sits on themidsole 3. Theinsole 4 has a first surface, which is the uppermost surface 9 of theinsole 4 when it is mounted to the midsole 3 (shown inFIG. 8 ). Theinsole 4 also has a second surface, which is thelowermost surface 10 of theinsole 4 when it is mounted to the midsole 3 (shown inFIG. 9 ). - When the article of footwear 2 is in an assembled state, the
insole 4 is mounted to themidsole 3 such that acavity 11 is defined between theside wall 7 and thebase 8 of themidsole 3, and thelowermost surface 10 of theinsole 4. Thecavity 11 extends from theheel region 12 of thesole structure 1 through to thetoe region 13 of thesole structure 1. Air can circulate within thecavity 11, which can help to cool down the feet of a user that is wearing the article of footwear 2. - The
insole 4 includes adiaphragm element 14. Thediaphragm element 14 is constructed and arranged to force air through thecavity 11 when thediaphragm element 14 is depressed. Thediaphragm element 14 is provided at theheel region 15 of theinsole 4. Thediaphragm element 14 is thus located so that it can be depressed by the heel of a user's foot pressing against it during use of the article of footwear 2 by a user. - The
diaphragm element 14 has afoot contact surface 16 that protrudes above the uppermost surface 9 of theinsole 4. Thefoot contact surface 16 faces towards a user's heel and is the surface that comes into contact a user's foot. Thediaphragm element 14 has acorresponding pumping surface 17. In this example, the pumpingsurface 17 is recessed into thelowermost surface 10 of theinsole 4, defining achamber 18. - In use, when the
foot contact surface 16 of thediaphragm element 14 is pressed by a user's foot (e.g. when a user has taken a step when wearing the article of footwear 2) thediaphragm element 14 deforms towards themidsole 3. In this example, deformation of thediaphragm element 14 pushes the pumpingsurface 17 towards themidsole 3, which reduces the volume of thechamber 18. This forces at least some of the air that was contained within thechamber 18 into and through thecavity 11 that is between theinsole 4 and themidsole 3. When the user's foot releases from thefoot contact surface 16 of the diaphragm element 14 (e.g. when a user has lifted their foot off of the ground to take another step) thediaphragm element 14 reforms back to its original shape (as is shown inFIGS. 8 and 9 ). In this example, the pumpingsurface 17 is released so that it can move away from themidsole 3, which increases the volume of thechamber 18. Thediaphragm element 14 is now in a position where it can once again be pressed to force air into thecavity 11. The repeated pressing and releasing of thediaphragm element 14 as a user walks thus causes a pumping effect that forces air through thecavity 11 between theinsole 4 and themidsole 3. The pumping effect may reduce the temperature of the user's feet, thereby improving making the article of footwear 2 much more comfortable for a user to wear. - The diaphragm element 14 (or at least a portion thereof) is resiliently deformable. To this end, in this example, the
diaphragm element 14 is formed from a one or more resiliently deformable materials. In one example, thediaphragm element 14 is formed from polyurethane foam. Using polyurethane foam is particularly advantageous due it its antimicrobial properties and the level of comfort it provided to the wearer. In an example, thediaphragm element 14 may be formed from the same material(s) from which the remainder of theinsole 4 is formed. In an example, thediaphragm element 14 have a structure and/or a shape that enhances the above mentioned pumping effect. In this example, the diaphragm element, has an ovular profile. In this example, thefoot contact surface 16 has a convex shape. In this example, the pumpingsurface 17 has a concave shape. These structural features help to improve the pumping effect provided by thediaphragm element 14. In another example, the diaphragm element have a different profile and/or shape, provided that it does not hinder the pumping effect. - In an example, the
midsole 3 includes anair pump formation 19. Theair pump formation 19 is formed on themidsole 3 so that it protrudes above thebase 8 of themidsole 3. This allows theair pump formation 19 to interact with thediaphragm element 14 when thediaphragm element 14 is depressed. In this example, theair pump formation 19 is integrally formed on thebase 8 of themidsole 3. In another example, theair pump formation 19 is a separate element that is attached to thebase 8 of themidsole 3 by various techniques, such as being stitched, glued or screwed. - The
air pump formation 19 may interact with thediaphragm element 14 by engaging or abutting with thediaphragm element 14 when thediaphragm element 14 is depressed. This engagement reduces the distance that thediaphragm element 14 must be depressed so that the volume of thechamber 18 is reduced sufficiently to force air from thechamber 18 into thecavity 11. In addition, theair pump formation 19 limits the depth to which thediaphragm element 14 can be depressed, so that it can more easily reflect back to its normal non-depressed position. In an example, thediaphragm element 14, when depressed, may just move towards theair pump formation 19. In that example, it is not necessary for thediaphragm element 14 to actually contact with theair pump formation 19. - One or
more air passages 20 may be formed in theside wall 7 of themidsole 3. In this example, theside wall 7 of themidsole 3 contains a plurality ofair passages 20. The one ormore air passages 20 improve the pumping effect of thediaphragm element 14 by allowing cool air from outside of thecavity 11 to be drawn into thecavity 11 and directed from theheel region 12 towards thetoe region 13 of thesole structure 1. In this example, the plurality ofair passages 20 are located at theheel region 12 of thesole structure 1. This improves the effectiveness of theair passages 20 since they are provided near to thediaphragm element 14. - The
insert 5 may have a plurality oftubes 21. When the article of footwear 2 is in its assembled state, with theinsert 5 housed within the hollow 6 in themidsole 3, eachtube 21 of theinsert 5 is inserted into anair passage 20. The plurality oftubes 21 support theair passages 20 and help to keep them open whilst a user is using the article of footwear 2. In this example, the plurality oftubes 21 is mounted to abase plate 22. When theinsert 5 is positioned in the hollow 6, thebase plate 22 retains the plurality oftubes 21 within the hollow 6 so that they do not fall out through theair passages 20. - In this example, the hollow 6 has a shape that generally corresponds to the shape of the
base 22 of theinsert 5. - In an example, the
midsole 3 includes a plurality ofresilient pillars 23 provided across anuppermost surface 24 of thebase 7 of themidsole 3. Thepillars 23 are formed from a resilient material. In on example, thepillars 23 are each formed from ethylene-vinyl acetate, also known as EVA. This allows each of thepillars 23 to deform in response to pressure (e.g. from a user's foot pressing on thepillars 23 as user walks), and then reform back to its original shape once the pressure has been removed or reduced. The plurality ofresilient pillars 23 support theinsole 4 and thus the user's foot when the user is wearing the article of footwear 2. - In this example, the plurality of
resilient pillars 23 are integrally formed with themidsole 3. In other examples, the plurality ofresilient pillars 23 may attached to theuppermost surface 24 of thebase 7 of themidsole 3 by another method. For example, the plurality ofresilient pillars 23 may be stitched, glued or screwed to theuppermost surface 24 of thebase 7 of themidsole 3. - The plurality of
resilient pillars 23 may be provided in a regular pattern. In another example, the plurality ofresilient pillars 23 may be provided in an irregular pattern. In a further example, the plurality of resilient pillars 6 may be provided partially in a regular pattern and partially in an irregular pattern. - When the article of footwear 2 is in its assembled state, the plurality of
resilient pillars 23 may extend from theuppermost surface 24 of thebase 7 to the upper. Indeed, in this example, atop surface 25 of each of the plurality ofresilient pillars 23 is in contact with a bottom surface of the upper when the article of footwear 2 is assembled. The plurality ofresilient pillars 23 are thus provided within thecavity 11 and divide thecavity 11 from a singular open space into a series of air circulation channels. That is, the air circulation channels are the passages in between thepillars 23. - Since the combined cross sectional area of the air circulation channels (i.e. the cross sectional area between the pillars 23) is smaller than the cross sectional area of the
open cavity 11, the velocity of the air being forced through thecavity 11 having air circulation channels by thediaphragm element 14 is typically greater than the velocity of the air being forced through theopen cavity 11. This provides an improved cooling effect. - Each of the plurality of
resilient pillars 23 may have any particular shape, so long as the shape is suitable for providing support to a user's foot. In this example, the plurality ofresilient pillars 23 are all generally cylindrical. This allows air to easily flow through the air circulation channels between the cylinders. - In an example, some of the plurality of
resilient pillars 21 may have ateardrop cross section 26. A pillar having ateardrop cross section 26 can allow air to flow easily past the pillar 23 (and thus through an air circulation channel) in the direction from the narrow end of the teardrop to the rounded end, but not easily past the pillar 23 (and thus through an air circulation channel) in the direction from the rounded end of the tear drop to the narrow end. In one example, one or more pillars having ateardrop cross section 26 may be oriented so that the narrow end of theteardrop cross section 26 faces towards theheel region 12 of thesole structure 1. Thus, in this orientation, the shape of a pillar having ateardrop cross section 26 allows air to flow easily in the air circulation channels in a heel to toe direction, but impedes air flow in the air circulation channels from a toe to heel direction. - In an example, some of the plurality of
resilient pillars 23 may have alens cross section 27. A pillar having alens cross section 27 can allow air to flow easily past the pillar 23 (and thus through an air circulation channel) in both a heel to toe direction and in a toe to heel direction. - One or more of the
resilient pillars 23 may be provided in a first region of thesole structure 1 and one or more of theresilient pillars 23 may be provided in a second region of thesole structure 1. In this example, the first region is thetoe region 13 of thesole structure 1 and amidfoot region 28 of thesole structure 1, and the second region is theheel region 12 of the sole structure. - The one or more of the plurality of
resilient pillars 23 that are provided in a region may all have a particular cross-section shape. In this example, thepillars 23 provided in the first region (which includes thetoe region 13 and themidfoot region 28 of the sole structure 1) all have ateardrop cross section 26. In this example, thepillars 23 provided in the second region (which includes the heel region 12) all have alens cross section 27. - In one example, the
air pump formation 19 may be formed from one or more of the plurality ofresilient pillars 23. The one or more pillars forming theair pump formation 19 have a greater height that the remaining pillars. This allows the pillars forming the air pump formation to interact with thediaphragm element 14 of theinsole 4, without the other pillars interfering. When theair pump formation 19 is formed from one or more of the plurality ofresilient pillars 23. - An advantage of the arrangement described above is the pumping effect of the
diaphragm element 14 forces air to circulate around thecavity 11 beneath theinsole 4 during normal use of the article of footwear 2. The air flowing through thecavity 11 cools the user's foot and thereby improves the comfort provided by the article of footwear 2. This cooling effect is particularly important in articles offootwear 1 designed for exercise, work etc., where a high level of movement is expected from a user. - The examples described herein are to be understood as illustrative examples of embodiments of the invention. Further embodiments and examples are envisaged. Any feature described in relation to any one example or embodiment may be used alone or in combination with other features. In addition, any feature described in relation to any one example or embodiment may also be used in combination with one or more features of any other of the examples or embodiments, or any combination of any other of the examples or embodiments. Furthermore, equivalents and modifications not described herein may also be employed within the scope of the invention, which is defined in the claims.
Claims (20)
1. A sole structure for an article of footwear, the sole structure comprising:
a sole component; and
an insole, the insole being mounted to the sole component so as to define a cavity within the sole structure, the insole comprising a resiliently deformable diaphragm element that is constructed and arranged to force air through the cavity when depressed.
2. A sole structure according to claim 1 , wherein the sole component is a midsole.
3. A sole structure according to claim 1 , wherein the sole component is an outsole.
4. A sole structure according to claim 1 , wherein the resiliently deformable diaphragm element comprises a first surface that protrudes above the insole and a second surface recessed into the insole.
5. A sole structure according to claim 1 , wherein the resiliently deformable diaphragm element is located at a heel region of the insole.
6. A sole structure according to claim 1 , wherein the sole component comprises an air pump formation constructed and arranged to interact with the resiliently deformable diaphragm element when the resiliently deformable diaphragm element is depressed.
7. A sole structure according to claim 6 , wherein the air pump formation comprises one or more resilient pillars arranged on a first surface of the sole component.
8. A sole structure according to claim 1 , wherein the sole component comprises a plurality of resilient pillars arranged on a first surface of the sole component, the plurality of resilient pillars protruding into the cavity, thereby dividing the cavity into a series of air circulation channels.
9. A sole structure according to claim 8 , wherein the resiliently deformable diaphragm element forces air through the air circulation channels when depressed by deforming at least one of the plurality of resilient pillars, thereby generating a pumping action.
10. A sole structure according to claim 8 , wherein one or more of the plurality of resilient pillars is disposed in a first region of the sole structure, and one or more of the plurality of resilient pillars is disposed in a second region of the sole structure.
11. A sole structure according to claim 10 , wherein the one or more resilient pillars disposed in the first region comprise a generally teardrop shaped cross section.
12. A sole structure according to claim 9 , wherein the first region is a toe region and/or a midfoot region of the sole structure.
13. A sole structure according to claim 9 , wherein the one or more resilient pillars disposed in the second region comprise a generally lens shaped cross section.
14. A sole structure according to claim 13 , wherein the second region is a heel region of the sole structure.
15. A sole structure according to claim 1 , wherein the sole component comprises a plurality of air passages for increasing air flow into the cavity of the sole structure, and wherein the sole structure comprises an insert having a plurality of tubes, each tube being inserted into an air passage.
16. A sole structure according to claim 15 , wherein the insert comprises a base and the plurality of tubes is mounted onto the base.
17. A sole structure according to claim 15 , wherein the sole component comprises a hollow for housing the insert.
18. An article of footwear comprising a sole structure for an article of footwear, the sole structure comprising:
a sole component; and
an insole, the insole being mounted to the sole component so as to define a cavity within the sole structure, the insole comprising a resiliently deformable diaphragm element that is constructed and arranged to force air through the cavity when depressed.
19. An article of footwear according to claim 18 , wherein the sole component comprises an air pump formation constructed and arranged to interact with the resiliently deformable diaphragm element when the resiliently deformable diaphragm element is depressed.
20. An article of footwear according to claim 18 , wherein the sole component comprises a plurality of resilient pillars arranged on a first surface of the outsole, the plurality of resilient pillars protruding into the cavity, thereby dividing the cavity into a series of air circulation channels.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US15/974,793 US20190343227A1 (en) | 2018-05-09 | 2018-05-09 | Sole structure and an article of footwear |
PCT/EP2019/061807 WO2019215220A1 (en) | 2018-05-09 | 2019-05-08 | A sole structure and an article of footwear |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US15/974,793 US20190343227A1 (en) | 2018-05-09 | 2018-05-09 | Sole structure and an article of footwear |
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US20190343227A1 true US20190343227A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
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US15/974,793 Abandoned US20190343227A1 (en) | 2018-05-09 | 2018-05-09 | Sole structure and an article of footwear |
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US (1) | US20190343227A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2019215220A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
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USD922045S1 (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2021-06-15 | Adidas Ag | Sole |
USD936347S1 (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-11-23 | Wolverine Outdoors, Inc. | Footwear sole |
USD958508S1 (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2022-07-26 | Wolverine Outdoors, Inc. | Footwear sole |
USD976551S1 (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2023-01-31 | Nike, Inc. | Shoe |
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US5400526A (en) * | 1993-09-14 | 1995-03-28 | Sessa; Raymond V. | Footwear sole with bulbous protrusions and pneumatic ventilation |
US5894687A (en) * | 1997-06-18 | 1999-04-20 | Gnan-Jang Plastics Co., Ltd. | Shoe pad having massaging effect |
US6477792B2 (en) * | 2000-02-28 | 2002-11-12 | Stonefly S.P.A. | Method of manufacturing a composite vapor-permeable insole and insole thus obtained |
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USD936347S1 (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-11-23 | Wolverine Outdoors, Inc. | Footwear sole |
USD958508S1 (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2022-07-26 | Wolverine Outdoors, Inc. | Footwear sole |
USD976551S1 (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2023-01-31 | Nike, Inc. | Shoe |
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