US20190269204A1 - Traction elements for athletic shoes and methods of manufacture thereof - Google Patents
Traction elements for athletic shoes and methods of manufacture thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20190269204A1 US20190269204A1 US16/290,460 US201916290460A US2019269204A1 US 20190269204 A1 US20190269204 A1 US 20190269204A1 US 201916290460 A US201916290460 A US 201916290460A US 2019269204 A1 US2019269204 A1 US 2019269204A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- stud body
- metal insert
- traction element
- interior cavity
- stud
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43C—FASTENINGS OR ATTACHMENTS OF FOOTWEAR; LACES IN GENERAL
- A43C15/00—Non-skid devices or attachments
- A43C15/16—Studs or cleats for football or like boots
- A43C15/162—Studs or cleats for football or like boots characterised by the shape
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43C—FASTENINGS OR ATTACHMENTS OF FOOTWEAR; LACES IN GENERAL
- A43C15/00—Non-skid devices or attachments
- A43C15/16—Studs or cleats for football or like boots
- A43C15/161—Studs or cleats for football or like boots characterised by the attachment to the sole
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43C—FASTENINGS OR ATTACHMENTS OF FOOTWEAR; LACES IN GENERAL
- A43C15/00—Non-skid devices or attachments
- A43C15/16—Studs or cleats for football or like boots
- A43C15/162—Studs or cleats for football or like boots characterised by the shape
- A43C15/164—Studs or cleats for football or like boots characterised by the shape having a circular cross section
- A43C15/167—Studs or cleats for football or like boots characterised by the shape having a circular cross section frusto-conical or cylindrical
Definitions
- the present disclosure generally relates to traction elements for shoes, and in particular to traction elements for athletic shoes having a reduced weight and methods of manufacturing such traction elements.
- Traction elements for athletic shoes are used to provide a gripping surface that produces traction between the sole of the shoe and the athletic surface, such as a grass field.
- traction elements for athletic shoes used in sports, such as rugby use metal studs made of a metallic material to accommodate the high shear forces applied to the metal studs during play.
- a traction element that also reduces the weight of the traction element while still meeting all of the performance, shape specifications and material requirements required by various official sports authorities.
- FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of a first embodiment of a traction element showing the stud body and metal insert, according to aspects of the present disclosure
- FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of the traction element of FIG. 1 showing the metal insert extending from the interior cavity of the stud body, according to aspects of the present disclosure
- FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the traction element of FIG. 1 , according to aspects of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 is a side view of the traction element of FIG. 1 , according to aspects of the present disclosure
- FIG. 5 is a top view of the traction element of FIG. 1 , according to aspects of the present disclosure
- FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the traction element of FIG. 1 , according to aspects of the present disclosure
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the traction element taken along line 7 - 7 of FIG. 5 , according to aspects of the present disclosure
- FIG. 8 is a top perspective view of a second embodiment of a traction element showing the stud body and metal insert, according to aspects of the present disclosure
- FIG. 9 is a rear perspective view of the traction element of FIG. 8 showing the metal insert extending from the interior cavity of the stud body, according to aspects of the present disclosure
- FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the traction element of FIG. 8 , according to aspects of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 11 is a side view of the traction element of FIG. 8 , according to aspects of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 12 is a top view of the traction element of FIG. 8 , according to aspects of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 13 is a bottom view of the traction element of FIG. 8 , according to aspects of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the traction element taken along line 14 - 14 of FIG. 12 , according to aspects of the present disclosure
- FIG. 15 is top perspective view of a third embodiment of a traction element showing the stud body and metal insert, according to aspects of the present disclosure
- FIG. 16 is a rear perspective view of the traction element of FIG. 15 showing the steel insert extending from the cavity of the traction element, according to aspects of the present disclosure
- FIG. 17 is an exploded view of the traction element of FIG. 15 , according to aspects of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 18 is a side view of the traction element of FIG. 15 , according to aspects of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 19 is a top view of the traction element of FIG. 15 , according to aspects of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 20 is a bottom view of the traction element of FIG. 15 , according to aspects of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the traction element taken along line 21 - 21 of FIG. 19 , according to aspects of the present disclosure.
- the traction elements have reduced weight while still meeting existing industry performance standards for athletic shoes.
- the traction element includes a stud body defining an interior cavity with a metal insert that is cast to the stud body and extends outwardly from hollow cavity.
- the traction element includes a stud body defining an interior cavity and a metal insert that is mechanically coupled within the stud body and extends outwardly from the interior cavity.
- the metal insert of the traction element is configured to be coupled to the sole of an athletic shoe for providing traction.
- a method of manufacturing the traction element such that the metal insert is either cast to the stud body or mechanically coupled to the stud body prior to being engaged to the sole of an athletic shoe is disclosed.
- the metal insert includes a bulbous middle portion that engages a plastic or like material retainer within the interior cavity of the stud body to provide further structural integrity between the metal insert and the stud body when the traction element is engaged to an athletic shoe.
- the traction element meets the current standards required of official governing sports bodies, such as the ROC, which governs international rugby regarding the performance, shape and material requirements set for athletic equipment, such as rugby studs used in athletic shoes including the traction element described herein. Referring to the drawings, various embodiments of a traction element used with athletic shoes are illustrated and generally indicated as 100 , 200 and 300 in FIGS. 1-21 .
- the traction element 100 includes a stud body 102 having a generally thimble-shaped body configured to provide traction and gripping strength along a ground surface when attached to the sole of an athletic shoe.
- the stud body 102 includes a metal insert 104 that is cast to the stud body 102 during manufacture and is aligned along the longitudinal axis A of the stud body 102 .
- the metal insert 104 is configured to mechanically couple the traction element 100 to the sole of an athletic shoe (not shown). Referring specifically to FIGS.
- the stud body 102 defines a distal head portion 110 and a proximal end portion 112 .
- the proximal end portion 112 of the stud body 102 gradually tapers away from the distal head portion 110 and forms a peripheral flange 122 that defines an opening 118 in communication with an interior cavity 120 formed within the stud body 102 during manufacture.
- the distal head portion 110 defines a top end 116 of the traction element 100 that is configured to provide a traction surface along the sole of an athletic shoe (not shown) when the traction element 100 engages the ground or other athletic surface.
- the metal insert 104 is made of steel and/or aluminum that forms an elongated body 125 defining a distal head portion 130 , which is cast to the stud body 102 during manufacture.
- the distal head portion 130 communicates with a shaft portion 131 of the metal insert 104 that extends between the distal cap portion 130 and a proximal threaded portion 132 of the metal insert 104 .
- the proximal threaded portion 130 defines external threads 135 configured to couple with internal threads (not shown) formed within each respective threaded engagement point defined along the sole of an athletic shoe (not shown).
- the metal insert 104 further defines a bulbous portion 133 that is formed between the shaft portion 131 and the proximal threaded portion 132 that provides an engagement surface for a retainer or liner disposed inside the internal cavity 120 to provide structural reinforcement between the study body 102 and the metal insert 104 as shall be discussed in greater detail below with respect to traction element 200 .
- a plurality of cutaways 114 may be formed axially along the outer surface of the stud body 102 .
- the plurality of cutaways 114 may be collectively configured to receive a driving tool (not shown), such as a cleat wrench, that engages each respective cutaway 114 such that rotation of the cleat wrench causes the stud body 102 to be manually rotated as the metal insert 104 becomes fully engaged to the threaded engagement point along the sole of the athletic shoe.
- the stud body 102 may define three respective cutaways, 114 A, 114 B and 114 C that each extend a distance axially along the surface of proximal end portion 112 of the stud body 102 and are spaced equidistantly relative to each other at a 120 degree angle.
- two or more cutaways 114 may be formed to engage the cleat wrench when securing the traction element 100 to the sole of the athletic shoe.
- each cutaway 114 forms an elongated slot configuration forming a base proximate the peripheral flange 122 of the stud body 102 that extends the length of the proximal end portion 112 and gradually tapers to an apex formed at the top of each cutaway 114 .
- the plurality of cutaways 114 may define a triangularly-shaped slot, a rectangular-shaped slot, a symmetrically-shaped slot, an asymmetrically-shaped slot, a circular-shaped slot, or a combination thereof.
- the stud body 102 may be first cast from a metallic material, such as aluminum, in which the metal insert 104 is directly cast to the stud body 102 such that the proximal threaded portion 132 of the metal insert 104 extends partially outward from the cast of the stud body 102 .
- the interior cavity 120 is formed inside the stud body 102 by coring out the interior portion of the stud body 102 around the metal insert 104 to form the interior cavity 120 and opening 118 .
- the plurality of cutaways 114 are formed when the stud body 102 is cast within a mold, or in the alternative, the plurality of cutaways 114 may be machined out along the surface of the proximal end portion 112 after the cast of the stud body 102 is allowed to sufficiently cool.
- the method of manufacturing the traction element 100 as disclosed herein provides a strong structural connection between the stud body 102 and the metal insert 104 such that shear forces applied to the traction element 100 during use do not cause the metal insert 104 to break, bend or twist relative to the stud body 102 .
- the coring out of stud body 102 to form the interior cavity 120 during manufacture reduces the overall weight of the traction element 100 while still allowing the traction element 100 to meet all performance, shape specifications and material requirements required of a conventional traction element.
- the traction element 100 may be manufactured with the following dimensions used during manufacture.
- the stud body 102 may have an overall length 400 of 20.8 mm and a width 402 of 19.4 mm.
- the distal head portion 110 of the stud body 102 may have a width 404 of 11.9 mm and a length 406 of 4 mm, while the proximal end portion 112 of the stud body 102 may have a length 408 of 16.8 mm and a width 402 of 20.8 mm.
- the interior cavity 120 of the stud body 102 may have a length 410 of 14.6 mm and the opening 118 of the interior cavity 120 may have a length 414 of 9.0 mm.
- the proximal threaded portion 132 of the metal insert 104 is centered along the longitudinal axis A of the stud body 102 and extends outwardly from the opening 118 of the stud body 102 at a distance 412 of 6.0 mm.
- the present disclosure contemplates that the dimensions of the stud body 102 and the metal insert 104 may vary to accommodate different shapes and sizes of traction elements used for different types of athletic shoes.
- the traction element 200 includes a hollow stud body 202 having a generally thimble-shaped body configured to provide traction and gripping strength along a ground surface when attached to the sole of an athletic shoe.
- the stud body 202 includes a metal insert 204 that is cast to the stud body 202 during manufacture and is aligned along the longitudinal axis A of the stud body 202 .
- the metal insert 104 is configured to mechanically couple the traction element 200 to the sole of an athletic shoe (not shown). Referring specifically to FIGS.
- the stud body 202 defines a distal head portion 210 and a proximal end portion 212 .
- the proximal end portion 212 of the stud body 202 gradually tapers away from the distal head portion 210 and forms a peripheral flange 222 that defines an opening 218 in communication with an interior cavity 220 defining an interior surface 224 formed within the stud body 202 .
- the distal head portion 210 defines a top end 216 of the traction element 200 that is configured to provide a traction surface along the sole of the athletic shoe when the traction element 200 engages the ground or other athletic surface.
- the metal insert 204 is made of steel and/or aluminum that forms an elongated body 225 defining a distal head portion 230 , which is cast to the stud body 202 during manufacture.
- the distal head portion 230 communicates with a shaft portion 231 of the metal insert 204 that extends between the distal cap portion 230 and a proximal threaded portion 232 of the metal insert 204 .
- the proximal threaded portion 230 defines external threads 235 configured to couple with internal threads (not shown) formed within each respective engagement point defined along the sole of an athletic shoe (not shown). As shown in FIGS.
- the metal insert 204 further defines a bulbous portion 233 that is formed between the shaft portion 231 and the proximal threaded portion 232 and provides an engagement surface for contacting a retainer 206 made of a filler material, such as nylon, that is disposed inside the interior cavity 220 during manufacture.
- the retainer 206 is configured to provide further structural reinforcement between the stud body 202 and the metal insert 204 as shall be discussed in greater detail below.
- a plurality of cutaways 214 may be formed axially along the outer surface of the stud body 202 .
- the plurality of cutaways 214 may be collectively configured to receive a driving tool (not shown), such as a cleat wrench, that engages each respective cutaway 214 such that rotation of the driving tool causes the stud body 202 to be manually rotated as the metal insert 204 becomes fully engaged to the sole of the athletic shoe.
- a driving tool such as a cleat wrench
- the stud body 202 may define three respective cutaways, 214 A, 214 B and 214 C that each extend a distance axially along the surface of proximal end portion 212 and are spaced equidistantly relative to each other at a 120 degree angle.
- two or more cutaways 214 may be formed along the study body 202 to engage the driving tool when coupling the traction element 200 to the sole of the athletic shoe.
- each cutaway 214 forms an elongated slot configuration forming a base proximate the peripheral flange 222 of the stud body 202 and two opposing sides that extend the length of the proximal end portion 212 and gradually taper to an apex formed at the top of each cutaway 214 .
- the plurality of cutaways 214 may define a triangularly-shaped slot, a rectangular-shaped slot, a symmetrically-shaped slot, an asymmetrically-shaped slot, a circular-shaped slot, or a combination thereof
- the stud body 202 of the traction element 200 may be cast from a metallic material, such as aluminum, in which the metal insert 204 is directly cast to the stud body 202 such that the proximal threaded portion 232 of the metal insert 204 extends partially outward from the cast of the stud body 202 .
- the interior cavity 220 is formed inside the stud body 202 by coring out the interior portion of the stud body 202 around the metal insert 204 to form the interior cavity 220 and opening 218 .
- nylon or other type of filler material 208 to form the retainer 206 is injected, poured or inserted into interior cavity 220 that surrounds the metal insert 204 to provide further structural integrity between the stud body 202 and the metal insert 204 .
- the bulbous portion 233 is configured to provide a retention feature that adds further structural reinforcement between the stud body 202 and the metal insert 204 .
- the plurality of cutaways 214 are formed when the stud body 202 is cast within a mold, or in the alternative, the plurality of cutaways 214 may be machined out along the surface of the proximal end portion 212 after the cast of the stud body 202 is allowed to sufficiently cool.
- the method of manufacturing the traction element 200 as disclosed herein provides a strong structural connection between the stud body 202 and the metal insert 204 such that shear forces applied to the traction element 200 during a sporting activity do not cause the metal insert 204 to break, bend or twist relative to the stud body 202 .
- the coring out of stud body 202 to form the interior cavity 220 during manufacture reduces the overall weight of the traction element 200 while still allowing the traction element 200 to meet all performance, shape specifications and material requirements required of a conventional traction element for an athletic shoe.
- the traction element 200 may be manufactured with the following dimensions.
- the stud body 202 may have an overall length 500 of 20.8 mm and a width 502 of 19.4 mm.
- the distal head portion 210 of the stud body 202 may have a width 504 of 11.9 mm and a length 506 of 4.0 mm, while the proximal end portion 212 of the study body 202 may have a length 508 of 16.8 mm and a width 502 of 20.8 mm.
- the hollow cavity 220 of the stud body 202 may have a length 510 of 14.6 mm and the opening 218 of the interior cavity 220 may have a length 514 of 9.0 mm.
- the proximal threaded portion 232 of the metal insert 204 will be centered along the longitudinal axis A of the stud body 204 and extend outwardly from the opening 218 of the stud body 202 at a distance 512 of 6.0 mm.
- the present disclosure contemplates that the dimensions of the stud body 202 and the metal insert 204 may vary to accommodate different shapes and sizes of traction elements used for different types of athletic shoes.
- the traction element 300 includes a stud body 302 having a generally thimble-shaped body configured to provide traction and gripping strength along a ground surface when attached to the sole of an athletic shoe.
- the stud body 302 includes a metal insert 304 having a standard or reverse thread head that is driven and cuts the surface of the interior cavity 320 of the stud body 302 to establish a secure engagement between the distal cap portion 330 of the metal insert 304 and the stud body 302 during manufacture as shall be discussed in greater detail below.
- the metal insert 304 is configured to mechanically couple the traction element 300 to the sole of an athletic shoe (not shown).
- the stud body 302 defines a distal head portion 310 and a proximal end portion 312 .
- the proximal end portion 312 of the stud body 302 gradually tapers away from the distal head portion 310 and forms a peripheral flange 322 that defines an opening 318 in communication with an interior cavity 320 formed within the stud body 302 .
- the distal head portion 310 defines a top end 316 of the traction element 300 that is configured to provide a traction surface along the sole of an athletic shoe (not shown) when the traction element 300 engages the ground or other athletic surface.
- the metal insert 304 is made of steel and/or aluminum that forms an insert body 325 defining a distal cap portion 330 and a proximal threaded portion 332 that extends axially from the distal head portion 330 .
- the distal cap portion 330 forms external threads 350 that collectively form a standard or reverse thread head that may be driven into the interior cavity 320 of the stud body 302 such that the external threads 350 and insert internal threads 331 of the distal cap portion 330 cut directly into the interior surface of the stud body 302 to establish a secure engagement between the distal cap portion 330 of the metal insert 304 and the stud body 302 during manufacture.
- the interior cavity 320 defines a recess 308 , a first opening of the stud body 318 , a second opening of the stud body 319 , a shoulder 321 , and an interior surface 324 .
- the metal insert 304 should be centered and aligned along the longitudinal axis A of the stud body 302 and extends partially outward from the interior cavity 320 of the stud body 302 .
- the metal insert 304 forms a plurality of drive grippers 333 A, 333 B, 333 C, 333 D, 333 E, 333 F that extend radially extend outward from the proximal threaded portion 332 adjacent the distal cap portion 330 of the metal insert 304 .
- the plurality of drive grippers 330 are configured to engage a drive tool (not shown) that allows the metal insert 304 to be driven into permanent engagement with the stud body 302 as shall be described in greater detail below.
- a plurality of cutaways 314 may be formed axially along the outer surface of the stud body 302 .
- the plurality of cutaways 314 may be collectively configured to receive a driving tool (not shown), such as a cleat wrench, that engages each respective cutaway 314 such that rotation of the cleat wrench causes the stud body 302 to be manually rotated as the metal insert 304 becomes fully engaged to an engagement point formed along the sole of the athletic shoe.
- the stud body 302 may define three respective cutaways, 314 A, 314 B and 314 C that each extend a distance axially along the surface of proximal end portion 312 of the stud body 302 and are spaced equidistantly relative to each other at a 120 degree angle.
- two or more cutaways 314 may be formed along the study body 302 to engage the cleat wrench when coupling the traction element 300 to the sole of the athletic shoe.
- each cutaway 314 forms an elongated slot configuration forming a base proximate the peripheral flange 322 of the stud body 302 and two opposing sides that extend the length of the proximal end portion 312 and gradually taper to an apex formed at the top of each cutaway 314 .
- the plurality of cutaways 314 may define a triangularly-shaped slot, a rectangular-shaped slot, a symmetrically-shaped slot, an asymmetrically-shaped slot, a circular-shaped slot, or a combination thereof.
- the stud body 302 of the traction element 300 may be cast from a metallic material, such as aluminum.
- the interior cavity 320 is formed inside the stud body 302 by coring out the interior portion of the stud body 302 during manufacturing. In other embodiments, the interior cavity 320 may be machined when the stud body 302 has cooled.
- a drive tool (not shown) is used to engage the plurality of drive grippers 333 of the metal insert 302 which are then rotated by the drive tool when the metal insert 304 is manually driven into the interior cavity 320 of the stud body 302 .
- the rotating action of the drive tool allows the external threads 350 of the metal insert 304 to act as a standard or reverse thread head that cuts directly into the interior surface of the stud body 302 to establish a secure engagement between the metal insert 304 and the stud body 302 .
- the engagement between the metal insert 304 and the stud body 302 produces a strong structural connection between the metal insert 304 and the stud body 302 such that shear forces applied to the traction element 300 during a sporting activity do not cause the metal insert 304 to break, bend or twist relative to the stud body 302 .
- the traction element 300 may be manufactured with the following dimensions used during manufacture.
- the stud body 302 may have an overall length 600 of 15.0 mm and a width 602 of 16.0 mm.
- the distal head portion 310 of the stud body 202 may have a width 604 of 12.2 mm and a length 606 of 4.0 mm, while the proximal end portion 312 of the study body 302 may have a length 608 of 12.0 mm and a width 602 of 16.0 mm.
- the interior cavity 320 of the stud body 302 may have a length 610 of at least 7.5 mm and the opening 318 of the interior cavity 320 may have a length 614 of 13.0 mm.
- the proximal threaded portion 332 of the metal insert 304 will be aligned along the longitudinal axis A of the stud body 304 and extend outwardly from the opening 318 of the stud body 302 at a distance 616 of 6.5 mm.
- the head of the metal insert 304 may have a width 612 of 8.5 mm.
- the present disclosure contemplates that the dimensions of the stud body 302 and the metal insert 304 may vary to accommodate different shapes and sizes of traction elements used for different types of athletic shoes.
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- Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This is a non-provisional application that claims benefit to U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 62/637,259 filed on Mar. 1, 2018, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- The present disclosure generally relates to traction elements for shoes, and in particular to traction elements for athletic shoes having a reduced weight and methods of manufacturing such traction elements.
- Traction elements for athletic shoes are used to provide a gripping surface that produces traction between the sole of the shoe and the athletic surface, such as a grass field. Typically, traction elements for athletic shoes used in sports, such as rugby, use metal studs made of a metallic material to accommodate the high shear forces applied to the metal studs during play. However, there is a desire for a traction element that also reduces the weight of the traction element while still meeting all of the performance, shape specifications and material requirements required by various official sports authorities.
- It is with these observations in mind, among others, that various aspects of the present disclosure were conceived and developed.
-
FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of a first embodiment of a traction element showing the stud body and metal insert, according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of the traction element ofFIG. 1 showing the metal insert extending from the interior cavity of the stud body, according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the traction element ofFIG. 1 , according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 4 is a side view of the traction element ofFIG. 1 , according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 5 is a top view of the traction element ofFIG. 1 , according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the traction element ofFIG. 1 , according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the traction element taken along line 7-7 ofFIG. 5 , according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 8 is a top perspective view of a second embodiment of a traction element showing the stud body and metal insert, according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 9 is a rear perspective view of the traction element ofFIG. 8 showing the metal insert extending from the interior cavity of the stud body, according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the traction element ofFIG. 8 , according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 11 is a side view of the traction element ofFIG. 8 , according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 12 is a top view of the traction element ofFIG. 8 , according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 13 is a bottom view of the traction element ofFIG. 8 , according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the traction element taken along line 14-14 ofFIG. 12 , according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 15 is top perspective view of a third embodiment of a traction element showing the stud body and metal insert, according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 16 is a rear perspective view of the traction element ofFIG. 15 showing the steel insert extending from the cavity of the traction element, according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 17 is an exploded view of the traction element ofFIG. 15 , according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 18 is a side view of the traction element ofFIG. 15 , according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 19 is a top view of the traction element ofFIG. 15 , according to aspects of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 20 is a bottom view of the traction element ofFIG. 15 , according to aspects of the present disclosure; and -
FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the traction element taken along line 21-21 ofFIG. 19 , according to aspects of the present disclosure. - Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding elements among the view of the drawings. The headings used in the figures do not limit the scope of the claims.
- Various embodiments for traction elements used for athletic shoes are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the traction elements have reduced weight while still meeting existing industry performance standards for athletic shoes. In some embodiments, the traction element includes a stud body defining an interior cavity with a metal insert that is cast to the stud body and extends outwardly from hollow cavity. In some embodiments, the traction element includes a stud body defining an interior cavity and a metal insert that is mechanically coupled within the stud body and extends outwardly from the interior cavity. In some embodiments, the metal insert of the traction element is configured to be coupled to the sole of an athletic shoe for providing traction. In some embodiments, a method of manufacturing the traction element such that the metal insert is either cast to the stud body or mechanically coupled to the stud body prior to being engaged to the sole of an athletic shoe is disclosed. In some embodiments, the metal insert includes a bulbous middle portion that engages a plastic or like material retainer within the interior cavity of the stud body to provide further structural integrity between the metal insert and the stud body when the traction element is engaged to an athletic shoe. In one aspect, the traction element meets the current standards required of official governing sports bodies, such as the ROC, which governs international rugby regarding the performance, shape and material requirements set for athletic equipment, such as rugby studs used in athletic shoes including the traction element described herein. Referring to the drawings, various embodiments of a traction element used with athletic shoes are illustrated and generally indicated as 100, 200 and 300 in
FIGS. 1-21 . - Referring to
FIGS. 1-7 , a first embodiment of the traction element, designed 100, is illustrated. In some embodiments, thetraction element 100 includes astud body 102 having a generally thimble-shaped body configured to provide traction and gripping strength along a ground surface when attached to the sole of an athletic shoe. In some embodiments, thestud body 102 includes ametal insert 104 that is cast to thestud body 102 during manufacture and is aligned along the longitudinal axis A of thestud body 102. Themetal insert 104 is configured to mechanically couple thetraction element 100 to the sole of an athletic shoe (not shown). Referring specifically toFIGS. 2-4, 6 and 7 , thestud body 102 defines adistal head portion 110 and aproximal end portion 112. In some embodiments, theproximal end portion 112 of thestud body 102 gradually tapers away from thedistal head portion 110 and forms aperipheral flange 122 that defines anopening 118 in communication with aninterior cavity 120 formed within thestud body 102 during manufacture. As further shown, thedistal head portion 110 defines atop end 116 of thetraction element 100 that is configured to provide a traction surface along the sole of an athletic shoe (not shown) when thetraction element 100 engages the ground or other athletic surface. - Referring to
FIG. 7 , in some embodiments themetal insert 104 is made of steel and/or aluminum that forms anelongated body 125 defining adistal head portion 130, which is cast to thestud body 102 during manufacture. In addition, thedistal head portion 130 communicates with ashaft portion 131 of themetal insert 104 that extends between thedistal cap portion 130 and a proximal threadedportion 132 of themetal insert 104. As shown, the proximal threadedportion 130 defines external threads 135 configured to couple with internal threads (not shown) formed within each respective threaded engagement point defined along the sole of an athletic shoe (not shown). In some embodiments, themetal insert 104 further defines abulbous portion 133 that is formed between theshaft portion 131 and the proximal threadedportion 132 that provides an engagement surface for a retainer or liner disposed inside theinternal cavity 120 to provide structural reinforcement between thestudy body 102 and themetal insert 104 as shall be discussed in greater detail below with respect totraction element 200. - As shown specifically in
FIGS. 4 and 5 , in some embodiments a plurality ofcutaways 114 may be formed axially along the outer surface of thestud body 102. The plurality ofcutaways 114 may be collectively configured to receive a driving tool (not shown), such as a cleat wrench, that engages eachrespective cutaway 114 such that rotation of the cleat wrench causes thestud body 102 to be manually rotated as themetal insert 104 becomes fully engaged to the threaded engagement point along the sole of the athletic shoe. Referring specifically toFIG. 5 , in some embodiments thestud body 102 may define three respective cutaways, 114A, 114B and 114C that each extend a distance axially along the surface ofproximal end portion 112 of thestud body 102 and are spaced equidistantly relative to each other at a 120 degree angle. In other embodiments, two ormore cutaways 114 may be formed to engage the cleat wrench when securing thetraction element 100 to the sole of the athletic shoe. In some embodiments, eachcutaway 114 forms an elongated slot configuration forming a base proximate theperipheral flange 122 of thestud body 102 that extends the length of theproximal end portion 112 and gradually tapers to an apex formed at the top of eachcutaway 114. In other embodiments, the plurality ofcutaways 114 may define a triangularly-shaped slot, a rectangular-shaped slot, a symmetrically-shaped slot, an asymmetrically-shaped slot, a circular-shaped slot, or a combination thereof. - In one method of manufacturing the
traction element 100, thestud body 102 may be first cast from a metallic material, such as aluminum, in which themetal insert 104 is directly cast to thestud body 102 such that the proximal threadedportion 132 of themetal insert 104 extends partially outward from the cast of thestud body 102. Theinterior cavity 120 is formed inside thestud body 102 by coring out the interior portion of thestud body 102 around themetal insert 104 to form theinterior cavity 120 and opening 118. In some embodiments, the plurality ofcutaways 114 are formed when thestud body 102 is cast within a mold, or in the alternative, the plurality ofcutaways 114 may be machined out along the surface of theproximal end portion 112 after the cast of thestud body 102 is allowed to sufficiently cool. The method of manufacturing thetraction element 100 as disclosed herein provides a strong structural connection between thestud body 102 and themetal insert 104 such that shear forces applied to thetraction element 100 during use do not cause themetal insert 104 to break, bend or twist relative to thestud body 102. - In one aspect, the coring out of
stud body 102 to form theinterior cavity 120 during manufacture reduces the overall weight of thetraction element 100 while still allowing thetraction element 100 to meet all performance, shape specifications and material requirements required of a conventional traction element. - In some embodiments, the
traction element 100 may be manufactured with the following dimensions used during manufacture. Referring toFIG. 4 , thestud body 102 may have anoverall length 400 of 20.8 mm and awidth 402 of 19.4 mm. As further shown, thedistal head portion 110 of thestud body 102 may have awidth 404 of 11.9 mm and alength 406 of 4 mm, while theproximal end portion 112 of thestud body 102 may have alength 408 of 16.8 mm and awidth 402 of 20.8 mm. Referring back toFIG. 7 , theinterior cavity 120 of thestud body 102 may have alength 410 of 14.6 mm and theopening 118 of theinterior cavity 120 may have alength 414 of 9.0 mm. After themetal insert 104 is cast with thestud body 102, the proximal threadedportion 132 of themetal insert 104 is centered along the longitudinal axis A of thestud body 102 and extends outwardly from theopening 118 of thestud body 102 at adistance 412 of 6.0 mm. The present disclosure contemplates that the dimensions of thestud body 102 and themetal insert 104 may vary to accommodate different shapes and sizes of traction elements used for different types of athletic shoes. - Referring to
FIGS. 9-14 , a second embodiment of the traction element, designated 200, is illustrated. In some embodiments, thetraction element 200 includes ahollow stud body 202 having a generally thimble-shaped body configured to provide traction and gripping strength along a ground surface when attached to the sole of an athletic shoe. In some embodiments, thestud body 202 includes ametal insert 204 that is cast to thestud body 202 during manufacture and is aligned along the longitudinal axis A of thestud body 202. Themetal insert 104 is configured to mechanically couple thetraction element 200 to the sole of an athletic shoe (not shown). Referring specifically toFIGS. 10-12, 13 and 14 , thestud body 202 defines adistal head portion 210 and aproximal end portion 212. In some embodiments, theproximal end portion 212 of thestud body 202 gradually tapers away from thedistal head portion 210 and forms aperipheral flange 222 that defines anopening 218 in communication with aninterior cavity 220 defining aninterior surface 224 formed within thestud body 202. As further shown, thedistal head portion 210 defines atop end 216 of thetraction element 200 that is configured to provide a traction surface along the sole of the athletic shoe when thetraction element 200 engages the ground or other athletic surface. - Referring to
FIG. 14 , in some embodiments themetal insert 204 is made of steel and/or aluminum that forms anelongated body 225 defining adistal head portion 230, which is cast to thestud body 202 during manufacture. In addition, thedistal head portion 230 communicates with ashaft portion 231 of themetal insert 204 that extends between thedistal cap portion 230 and a proximal threadedportion 232 of themetal insert 204. As shown, the proximal threadedportion 230 defines external threads 235 configured to couple with internal threads (not shown) formed within each respective engagement point defined along the sole of an athletic shoe (not shown). As shown inFIGS. 9 and 14 , in some embodiments themetal insert 204 further defines abulbous portion 233 that is formed between theshaft portion 231 and the proximal threadedportion 232 and provides an engagement surface for contacting aretainer 206 made of a filler material, such as nylon, that is disposed inside theinterior cavity 220 during manufacture. Theretainer 206 is configured to provide further structural reinforcement between thestud body 202 and themetal insert 204 as shall be discussed in greater detail below. - As shown specifically in
FIGS. 11 and 12 , in some embodiments a plurality ofcutaways 214 may be formed axially along the outer surface of thestud body 202. The plurality ofcutaways 214 may be collectively configured to receive a driving tool (not shown), such as a cleat wrench, that engages eachrespective cutaway 214 such that rotation of the driving tool causes thestud body 202 to be manually rotated as themetal insert 204 becomes fully engaged to the sole of the athletic shoe. Referring specifically toFIG. 12 , in some embodiments thestud body 202 may define three respective cutaways, 214A, 214B and 214C that each extend a distance axially along the surface ofproximal end portion 212 and are spaced equidistantly relative to each other at a 120 degree angle. In other embodiments, two ormore cutaways 214 may be formed along thestudy body 202 to engage the driving tool when coupling thetraction element 200 to the sole of the athletic shoe. In some embodiments, each cutaway 214 forms an elongated slot configuration forming a base proximate theperipheral flange 222 of thestud body 202 and two opposing sides that extend the length of theproximal end portion 212 and gradually taper to an apex formed at the top of each cutaway 214. In other embodiments, the plurality ofcutaways 214 may define a triangularly-shaped slot, a rectangular-shaped slot, a symmetrically-shaped slot, an asymmetrically-shaped slot, a circular-shaped slot, or a combination thereof - In one method of manufacture, the
stud body 202 of thetraction element 200 may be cast from a metallic material, such as aluminum, in which themetal insert 204 is directly cast to thestud body 202 such that the proximal threadedportion 232 of themetal insert 204 extends partially outward from the cast of thestud body 202. Theinterior cavity 220 is formed inside thestud body 202 by coring out the interior portion of thestud body 202 around themetal insert 204 to form theinterior cavity 220 andopening 218. Once theinterior cavity 220 is formed, nylon or other type offiller material 208 to form theretainer 206 is injected, poured or inserted intointerior cavity 220 that surrounds themetal insert 204 to provide further structural integrity between thestud body 202 and themetal insert 204. During the injection of thefiller material 208 into theinterior cavity 220, thebulbous portion 233 is configured to provide a retention feature that adds further structural reinforcement between thestud body 202 and themetal insert 204. In some embodiments, the plurality ofcutaways 214 are formed when thestud body 202 is cast within a mold, or in the alternative, the plurality ofcutaways 214 may be machined out along the surface of theproximal end portion 212 after the cast of thestud body 202 is allowed to sufficiently cool. The method of manufacturing thetraction element 200 as disclosed herein provides a strong structural connection between thestud body 202 and themetal insert 204 such that shear forces applied to thetraction element 200 during a sporting activity do not cause themetal insert 204 to break, bend or twist relative to thestud body 202. - In one aspect, as noted above the coring out of
stud body 202 to form theinterior cavity 220 during manufacture reduces the overall weight of thetraction element 200 while still allowing thetraction element 200 to meet all performance, shape specifications and material requirements required of a conventional traction element for an athletic shoe. - In some embodiments, the
traction element 200 may be manufactured with the following dimensions. Referring toFIG. 11 , thestud body 202 may have anoverall length 500 of 20.8 mm and awidth 502 of 19.4 mm. As further shown, thedistal head portion 210 of thestud body 202 may have awidth 504 of 11.9 mm and alength 506 of 4.0 mm, while theproximal end portion 212 of thestudy body 202 may have alength 508 of 16.8 mm and awidth 502 of 20.8 mm. Referring back toFIG. 14 , thehollow cavity 220 of thestud body 202 may have alength 510 of 14.6 mm and theopening 218 of theinterior cavity 220 may have alength 514 of 9.0 mm. After themetal insert 204 is cast with thestud body 202 and theretainer 206 disposed within theinternal cavity 220, the proximal threadedportion 232 of themetal insert 204 will be centered along the longitudinal axis A of thestud body 204 and extend outwardly from theopening 218 of thestud body 202 at adistance 512 of 6.0 mm. The present disclosure contemplates that the dimensions of thestud body 202 and themetal insert 204 may vary to accommodate different shapes and sizes of traction elements used for different types of athletic shoes. - Referring to
FIGS. 15-21 , a third embodiment of the traction element, designated 300, is illustrated. In some embodiments, thetraction element 300 includes astud body 302 having a generally thimble-shaped body configured to provide traction and gripping strength along a ground surface when attached to the sole of an athletic shoe. In some embodiments, thestud body 302 includes ametal insert 304 having a standard or reverse thread head that is driven and cuts the surface of theinterior cavity 320 of thestud body 302 to establish a secure engagement between thedistal cap portion 330 of themetal insert 304 and thestud body 302 during manufacture as shall be discussed in greater detail below. Similar to the other embodiments of thetraction element 300, themetal insert 304 is configured to mechanically couple thetraction element 300 to the sole of an athletic shoe (not shown). Referring toFIGS. 17-19, 20 and 21 , thestud body 302 defines adistal head portion 310 and aproximal end portion 312. Theproximal end portion 312 of thestud body 302 gradually tapers away from thedistal head portion 310 and forms aperipheral flange 322 that defines anopening 318 in communication with aninterior cavity 320 formed within thestud body 302. As further shown, thedistal head portion 310 defines atop end 316 of thetraction element 300 that is configured to provide a traction surface along the sole of an athletic shoe (not shown) when thetraction element 300 engages the ground or other athletic surface. - Referring to
FIGS. 17 and 21 , in some embodiments themetal insert 304 is made of steel and/or aluminum that forms aninsert body 325 defining adistal cap portion 330 and a proximal threadedportion 332 that extends axially from thedistal head portion 330. As noted above, thedistal cap portion 330 formsexternal threads 350 that collectively form a standard or reverse thread head that may be driven into theinterior cavity 320 of thestud body 302 such that theexternal threads 350 and insertinternal threads 331 of thedistal cap portion 330 cut directly into the interior surface of thestud body 302 to establish a secure engagement between thedistal cap portion 330 of themetal insert 304 and thestud body 302 during manufacture. Theinterior cavity 320 defines arecess 308, a first opening of thestud body 318, a second opening of thestud body 319, ashoulder 321, and aninterior surface 324. Once engaged to thestud body 302, themetal insert 304 should be centered and aligned along the longitudinal axis A of thestud body 302 and extends partially outward from theinterior cavity 320 of thestud body 302. As further shown, themetal insert 304 forms a plurality ofdrive grippers portion 332 adjacent thedistal cap portion 330 of themetal insert 304. The plurality ofdrive grippers 330 are configured to engage a drive tool (not shown) that allows themetal insert 304 to be driven into permanent engagement with thestud body 302 as shall be described in greater detail below. - As shown specifically in
FIGS. 18 and 19 , in some embodiments a plurality ofcutaways 314 may be formed axially along the outer surface of thestud body 302. The plurality ofcutaways 314 may be collectively configured to receive a driving tool (not shown), such as a cleat wrench, that engages eachrespective cutaway 314 such that rotation of the cleat wrench causes thestud body 302 to be manually rotated as themetal insert 304 becomes fully engaged to an engagement point formed along the sole of the athletic shoe. Referring specifically toFIG. 19 , in some embodiments thestud body 302 may define three respective cutaways, 314A, 314B and 314C that each extend a distance axially along the surface ofproximal end portion 312 of thestud body 302 and are spaced equidistantly relative to each other at a 120 degree angle. In other embodiments, two ormore cutaways 314 may be formed along thestudy body 302 to engage the cleat wrench when coupling thetraction element 300 to the sole of the athletic shoe. In some embodiments, each cutaway 314 forms an elongated slot configuration forming a base proximate theperipheral flange 322 of thestud body 302 and two opposing sides that extend the length of theproximal end portion 312 and gradually taper to an apex formed at the top of each cutaway 314. In other embodiments, the plurality ofcutaways 314 may define a triangularly-shaped slot, a rectangular-shaped slot, a symmetrically-shaped slot, an asymmetrically-shaped slot, a circular-shaped slot, or a combination thereof. - In one method of manufacture, the
stud body 302 of thetraction element 300 may be cast from a metallic material, such as aluminum. Theinterior cavity 320 is formed inside thestud body 302 by coring out the interior portion of thestud body 302 during manufacturing. In other embodiments, theinterior cavity 320 may be machined when thestud body 302 has cooled. Once theinterior cavity 320 is formed, a drive tool (not shown) is used to engage the plurality ofdrive grippers 333 of themetal insert 302 which are then rotated by the drive tool when themetal insert 304 is manually driven into theinterior cavity 320 of thestud body 302. The rotating action of the drive tool allows theexternal threads 350 of themetal insert 304 to act as a standard or reverse thread head that cuts directly into the interior surface of thestud body 302 to establish a secure engagement between themetal insert 304 and thestud body 302. The engagement between themetal insert 304 and thestud body 302 produces a strong structural connection between themetal insert 304 and thestud body 302 such that shear forces applied to thetraction element 300 during a sporting activity do not cause themetal insert 304 to break, bend or twist relative to thestud body 302. - In some embodiments, the
traction element 300 may be manufactured with the following dimensions used during manufacture. Referring toFIG. 18 , thestud body 302 may have anoverall length 600 of 15.0 mm and awidth 602 of 16.0 mm. As further shown, thedistal head portion 310 of thestud body 202 may have awidth 604 of 12.2 mm and alength 606 of 4.0 mm, while theproximal end portion 312 of thestudy body 302 may have alength 608 of 12.0 mm and awidth 602 of 16.0 mm. Referring back toFIG. 21 , theinterior cavity 320 of thestud body 302 may have alength 610 of at least 7.5 mm and theopening 318 of theinterior cavity 320 may have alength 614 of 13.0 mm. After themetal insert 304 is engaged with thestud body 302, the proximal threadedportion 332 of themetal insert 304 will be aligned along the longitudinal axis A of thestud body 304 and extend outwardly from theopening 318 of thestud body 302 at adistance 616 of 6.5 mm. At its widest point, the head of themetal insert 304 may have awidth 612 of 8.5 mm. The present disclosure contemplates that the dimensions of thestud body 302 and themetal insert 304 may vary to accommodate different shapes and sizes of traction elements used for different types of athletic shoes. - It should be understood from the foregoing that, while particular embodiments have been illustrated and described, various modifications can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications are within the scope and teachings of this invention as defined in the claims appended hereto.
Claims (22)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US16/290,460 US20190269204A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2019-03-01 | Traction elements for athletic shoes and methods of manufacture thereof |
US16/903,643 US20200305556A1 (en) | 2019-03-01 | 2020-06-17 | Traction elements for athletic shoes and methods of manufacture thereof |
US17/393,092 US11618073B2 (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2021-08-03 | Method for manufacturing a traction element using a coring process |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US201862637259P | 2018-03-01 | 2018-03-01 | |
US16/290,460 US20190269204A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2019-03-01 | Traction elements for athletic shoes and methods of manufacture thereof |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US16/903,643 Continuation-In-Part US20200305556A1 (en) | 2019-03-01 | 2020-06-17 | Traction elements for athletic shoes and methods of manufacture thereof |
US17/393,092 Continuation-In-Part US11618073B2 (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2021-08-03 | Method for manufacturing a traction element using a coring process |
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US20190269204A1 true US20190269204A1 (en) | 2019-09-05 |
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US16/290,460 Abandoned US20190269204A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2019-03-01 | Traction elements for athletic shoes and methods of manufacture thereof |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US20190269204A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3758540A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2021515688A (en) |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2021257776A1 (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2021-12-23 | Pride Manufacturing Company, Llc | Traction elements for athletic shoes and methods of manufacture thereof |
US11618073B2 (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2023-04-04 | Pride Manufacturing Company, Llc | Method for manufacturing a traction element using a coring process |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3413737A (en) * | 1967-09-11 | 1968-12-03 | Hy Production Inc | Football cleat |
DE2638570A1 (en) * | 1976-08-27 | 1978-03-02 | Uhl Sportartikel Karl | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING AN EXTRUDED COMPONENT |
DE7723365U1 (en) * | 1977-07-27 | 1977-11-10 | Moelde Gustav Moeller Kg, 4930 Detmold | Screw studs for sports shoes |
NO954264D0 (en) * | 1995-10-25 | 1995-10-25 | Hoel Karl Willie | Device for sports footwear |
US6442872B1 (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2002-09-03 | Canon Liao | Shoe spike assembly having cushioning device |
DE10163999A1 (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-07-17 | Roland Jungkind | Sports shoe with studs |
JP2011200355A (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-10-13 | Nikkusu Kk | Spike pin and method of manufacturing the same |
US8945449B2 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2015-02-03 | Nike, Inc. | Method for making a cleated plate |
US9220319B2 (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2015-12-29 | Nike, Inc. | Spike for footwear having rigid portion and resilient portion |
US9833044B2 (en) * | 2015-01-02 | 2017-12-05 | Nike, Inc. | Cleated article of footwear |
-
2019
- 2019-03-01 EP EP19712075.1A patent/EP3758540A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2019-03-01 WO PCT/US2019/020331 patent/WO2019169284A1/en active Application Filing
- 2019-03-01 US US16/290,460 patent/US20190269204A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2019-03-01 JP JP2020568941A patent/JP2021515688A/en active Pending
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2020
- 2020-08-13 ZA ZA2020/05012A patent/ZA202005012B/en unknown
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11618073B2 (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2023-04-04 | Pride Manufacturing Company, Llc | Method for manufacturing a traction element using a coring process |
WO2021257776A1 (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2021-12-23 | Pride Manufacturing Company, Llc | Traction elements for athletic shoes and methods of manufacture thereof |
Also Published As
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ZA202005012B (en) | 2022-01-26 |
JP2021515688A (en) | 2021-06-24 |
WO2019169284A1 (en) | 2019-09-06 |
EP3758540A1 (en) | 2021-01-06 |
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