US20190202538A1 - Submarine Drive System - Google Patents
Submarine Drive System Download PDFInfo
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- US20190202538A1 US20190202538A1 US16/322,735 US201716322735A US2019202538A1 US 20190202538 A1 US20190202538 A1 US 20190202538A1 US 201716322735 A US201716322735 A US 201716322735A US 2019202538 A1 US2019202538 A1 US 2019202538A1
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- Prior art keywords
- submarine
- electric machine
- drive
- transmission
- drive shaft
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 76
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/08—Propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/28—Arrangement of offensive or defensive equipment
- B63G8/34—Camouflage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
- B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
- B63H23/22—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing
- B63H23/24—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing electric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
- B63H23/22—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing
- B63H23/24—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing electric
- B63H2023/245—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing electric with two or more electric motors directly acting on a single drive shaft, e.g. plurality of electric rotors mounted on one common shaft, or plurality of electric motors arranged coaxially one behind the other with rotor shafts coupled together
Definitions
- the invention relates to a submarine drive system.
- Submarine drive systems comprising a drive shaft, a drive propeller coupled to the drive shaft, and an electric machine for driving the drive shaft are already known.
- the electric machine of a submarine drive system is directly coupled to the drive shaft according to practice.
- the electric machine is utilised both for full-load operation and also for a part-load operation. Efficiency disadvantages result in particular during the part-load operation. Furthermore, relative large electric machines have to be employed.
- a drive system of a ship in which an electric machine is directly or indirectly coupled to a drive shaft via a transmission.
- a transmission between the electric machine and the drive shaft By connecting a transmission between the electric machine and the drive shaft, smaller, lighter and more cost-effective electric machines can be employed, in particular since the electric machine can then be operated with a rotational speed of the drive shaft or of the drive propeller driven by the drive shaft that is higher than the required rotational speed.
- one aspect of the present invention is based on creating a new type of submarine drive system.
- a main drive comprising at least one first electric machine is designed for a full-load operation and is coupled or can be coupled to the drive shaft on the drive side
- an additional drive comprising at least one second electric machine is designed for a part-load operation for stealth operation and/or submerged operation of the submarine and is or can likewise be coupled to the drive shaft on the drive side
- the submarine drive system comprises at least two electric machines.
- the or each first electric machine is designed for the full-load operation and is employed during full-load operation and below.
- the or each second electric machine is designed for the part-load operation and is employed during the part-load operation.
- the or each first electric machine designed for the full-load operation is or can be indirectly or directly coupled via a first transmission to the drive shaft on the drive side, wherein the or each second electric machine designed for the part-load operation is or can be coupled indirectly to the drive shaft on the drive side via a first transmission, wherein the or each second electric machine designed for the part-load operation is coupled or can be coupled directly or via the first transmission indirectly or via a second transmission indirectly to the drive shaft on the drive side. Because of this it is possible to embody in particular the first electric machine designed for the full-load operation smaller, lighter, and more cost-effectively.
- the or each second electric machine is mounted or supported on the first transmission and together with the or each first electric machine and the first transmission jointly supported on a foundation of the submarine.
- an elastic compensation coupling is preferentially connected between an output of the first transmission and a thrust bearing of the drive shaft.
- This first version is particularly suited for submarine drive systems.
- the or each second electric machine is supported on a foundation of the submarine directly or via the second transmission indirectly in each case dependent on the or each first electric machine and the first transmission.
- the second version of the invention is also particularly suited for submarine drive systems, wherein the second version of the invention has advantages in terms of the required installation space.
- an elastic compensation coupling is connected between the second electric machine or an output of the second transmission and a thrust bearing or axial bearing of the drive shaft.
- the elastic compensation coupling can be smaller than with the first version.
- the thrust bearing of the drive shaft with the second version is preferentially integrated in the first transmission. The integration of the thrust bearing in the first transmission with the second version of the invention results in further installation space advantages.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a submarine drive system according to one aspect of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a submarine drive system according to one aspect of the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a submarine drive system according to one aspect of the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a submarine drive system according to one aspect of the invention.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a submarine drive system according to one aspect of the invention.
- FIGS. 1 to 5 show different exemplary embodiments of submarine drive systems 1 according to aspects of the invention.
- All submarine drive systems 1 of FIGS. 1 to 5 have in common that each comprises a drive shaft 2 , a drive propeller 3 coupled to the drive shaft 2 , and multiple electric machines 4 , 5 .
- At least one first electric machine 4 of a main drive for driving the drive shaft 2 and thus the drive propeller 3 is designed for a full-load operation of the submarine drive system and is coupled or can be coupled to the drive shaft 2 on the drive side.
- At least one second electric machine 5 of an additional drive is designed for a part-load operation of the submarine drive system 1 and is or can likewise be coupled to the drive shaft 2 on the drive side, wherein during the part-load operation of the submarine drive system 1 the submarine is typically operated in stealth mode and/or submerged mode.
- the submarine drive system 1 it is thus an idea of the submarine drive system 1 according to the invention, to provide multiple electric machines 4 , 5 for driving the drive shaft 2 , namely a first electric machine 4 designed for the full-load operation and a second electric machine 5 designed for the part-load operation for a stealth operation and/or submerged operation, which are operated dependent on the operating state, i.e. dependent on whether a full-load operation or part-load operation is required, and for this purpose are coupled to the drive shaft 2 or decoupled from the same.
- the first electric machine 4 is typically coupled to the drive shaft 2 and the second electric machine 5 decoupled from the same.
- the second electric machine 5 is typically coupled to the drive shaft 2 and the second electric machine 4 decoupled from the same.
- the first electric machine 4 of the submarine drive system 1 designed for the full-load operation is indirectly coupled via a first transmission 6 to the drive shaft 2 on the drive side.
- the first transmission 6 comprises gearwheel planes 7 , 8 of intermeshing gearwheels, which provide at least one transmission stage.
- the first transmission 6 is a step-up transmission
- the step-up stages are designed so that the first electric machine 4 can be operated with significantly higher rotational speed than is required for driving the drive propeller 3 and thus the drive shaft 2 . Because of this, smaller, lighter and more cost-effective electric machines can be employed for the full-load operation than is possible with submarine drive systems known from practice.
- the first transmission 6 comprises a clutch 11 , which is preferentially embodied as a synchronised clutch.
- the second electric machine 5 designed for the part-load operation and is mounted or supported on the first transmission 6 in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 and directly coupled, i.e. without further transmission stage, to the drive shaft 2 on the drive side.
- FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the second electric machine 5 is designed for the full-load operation and is mounted or supported on the first transmission 6 but indirectly coupled via the first transmission 6 to the drive shaft 2 on the drive side, namely in FIG. 2 via a separate transmission stage of the first transmission 6 formed by further gearwheel planes 9 , 10 .
- the second electric machine 5 is designed for the part-load operation and is mounted on the first transmission 6 in conformity with the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 and in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3 , again in conformity with the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2 , is again indirectly connected via the first transmission 6 to the drive shaft 2 on the drive side.
- the second electric machine 5 unlike in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2 , is not connected to the drive shaft 2 via a separate transmission stage but rather via the transmission stage formed by the gearwheel planes 7 and 8 of the first electric machine 4 . While the embodiment of FIG. 3 is particularly compact and simple, the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2 has efficiency advantages.
- the respective submarine drive system 1 comprises multiple electric machines, namely the first electric machine 4 for the full-load operation and the second electric machine 5 for the part-load operation, wherein the second electric machine 5 for the part-load operation is mounted or supported on the first transmission 6 , which serves as step-up transmission at least for the first electric machine 4 , which is designed for the full-load operation.
- the first transmission 6 can also serve as step-up transmission for the second electric machine 5 designed for the part-load operation.
- the electric machine 5 together with the first electric machine 4 and together with the first transmission 6 are jointly supported on a foundation 12 of the submarine 1 , for the purpose of which in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3 the first electric machine 4 and the first transmission are mounted on a common frame 13 , so that the second electric machine 5 is also mounted via the first transmission 6 on this common frame 13 .
- the two electric machines 4 , 5 and the first transmission 6 are jointly supported on the foundation 12 of the submarine.
- the submarine drive systems 1 of FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 comprise an axial bearing or thrust bearing 15 assigned to the drive shaft 2 , an elastic compensation coupling 16 assigned to the drive shaft 2 and a clutch likewise assigned to the drive shaft.
- the axial bearing or thrust bearing 15 serves for absorbed axial forces acting on the drive shaft 2 . Shearing forces are directed from the axial bearing or thrust bearing 15 into the hull or into the foundation of the submarine. Moments are transmitted to the drive propeller 3 via the elastic compensation coupling 16 .
- the clutch 17 the drive propeller 3 can be decoupled from the drive shaft 2 .
- FIGS. 4 and 5 Submarine drive systems 1 according to a second version of the invention are shown by FIGS. 4 and 5 , wherein the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 5 differ from the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3 primarily in that in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 5 the second electric machine 5 designed for the part-load operation does not act on or is supported by the hull or foundation 12 of the submarine together with the first electric machine 4 and the first transmission 6 designed for the full-load operation, but is rather supported on the foundation 12 of the submarine independently of the first electric machine 4 and the first transmission 6 .
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment, in which the second electric machine 5 is directly coupled, i.e. without further step-up stage, to the drive shaft 2 on the drive side and as such is supported via elastic sound-damping elements 14 on the foundation 12 of the submarine.
- the second electric machine 5 designed for the part-load operation is not directly but indirectly coupled via a separate, second step-up transmission 19 to the drive shaft 2 and supported via this second transmission 19 and elastic vibration dampers 14 arranged between the second transmission 19 and the foundation 12 of the submarine.
- the first electric machine 4 designed for the full-load operation and the first transmission 6 serving as step-up transmission for the first electric machine 4 are individually supported on the foundation 12 , however without the necessity of elastic vibration dampers 14 , since during the full-load operation when using the first electric machine 4 , a low-noise operation of the submarine, such as is desirable during the part-load operation in particular during stealth operation is desirable, is of subordinate importance.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 A further distinction of the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 5 from the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3 is that the elastic compensation coupling 16 , is not connected between the output of the first transmission 6 and the axial bearing or thrust bearing 15 , but rather between the axial bearing or thrust bearing 15 of the drive shaft 2 and the second electric machine 5 or the second transmission 19 designed for the part-load operation.
- a low-noise operation of the submarine drive system 1 is only important during the part-load operation, in particular during stealth-operation, so that in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 5 the elastic compensation coupling 16 is then exclusively important for the second electric machine 5 that is supported on the foundation 12 of the submarine independently of the first electric machine 4 and the first transmission 6 .
- a sound-insulation covering 18 is additionally arranged about the unit of second electric machine 5 and second transmission 19 , in order to ensure an even quieter operation of the submarine drive system.
- the axial bearing or thrust bearing 15 is integrated in the first transmission, which serves as step-up transmission for the first electric machine 4 , designed for the full-load operation.
- the required drive power is provided by the first electric machine 4 .
- the rotational speed of the first electric machine 4 is higher than the required propeller rotational speed, which is why the first transmission 6 is employed with one or more step-up stages.
- the first electric machine 4 can be switched on and off via the optional clutch or synchronous clutch 11 .
- Torque is directed to the drive propeller 3 in particular via the elastic compensation coupling 16 , a shearing force acting on the drive shaft during the operation is transmitted to the hull or the foundation 12 via the axial bearing 15 .
- the required drive power is provided by the second electric machine 5 .
- submarines generally require only a minor part of the power.
- the second electric machine 5 that is specifically designed for the part-load operation is typically fed from batteries.
- the efficiency is of particular importance for the part-load operation.
- the smaller electric machine 5 is within the range of its rated power and thus has an optimised efficiency, which brings about a greater range.
- the second electric machine 5 is advantageously attached to the first transmission 6 and in FIG. 1 directly connected to the drive shaft 2 .
- the drive is optionally effected by the first electric machine 4 or the second electric machine 5 , depending on power requirement.
- the first electric machine 4 can be decoupled via the clutch 11 , which is particularly advantageous with regard to the efficiency.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 show exemplary embodiments in which the second electric machine 5 is supported on the foundation 12 independently of the first electric machine 4 . Since the first electric machine 4 is only employed in less noise-sensitive operating states, the elastic mounting on the first electric machine 4 can then be dispensed with. In order to be particularly low in noise during slow and submerged operation, the second electric machine 5 is advantageously elastically supported on the foundation 12 .
- the elastic coupling 16 is only necessary between second electric machine 5 and the propeller shaft 2 , the same can thus be advantageously designed significantly smaller.
- the axial bearing or thrust bearing 16 is integrated in the housing of the first transmission 6 .
- the first transmission 6 can advantageously be a tunnel transmission.
- a fast-rotating embodiment is used for the second electric machine 5 , in order to be able to save weight, installation space and costs also in the region of the second electric machine 5 .
- the second transmission 19 is utilised in FIG. 5 .
- the use of an oil pump can be advantageously omitted in the case of the second transmission 19 and an immersion lubrication without a pump realised.
- the second electric machine 5 and the second transmission 12 are advantageously rigidly aligned relative to one another and jointly mounted elastically on the foundation 12 .
- Each of the shown exemplary embodiments is advantageously provided with a control, by way of which the automated establishment of the respective desired operating configuration and the monitoring of operation-relevant parameters are made possible.
- control can automatically activate clutches and electric machines in order to automatically utilise the first electric machine 4 during the full-load operation and automatically utilise the second electric machine 5 as drive source during the part-load operation.
- operating parameters can also be monitored in order to automatically establish the desired operating configuration independently from this and provide the drive power either during the full-load operation via the first electric machine 4 of the main drive or during the part-load operation for a stealth operation and/or submerged operation via the second electric machine 5 of the additional drive.
Abstract
Description
- This is a U.S. national stage of application No. PCT/EP2017/058638, filed on Apr. 11, 2017. Priority is claimed on German Application No. DE102016214494.4, filed Aug. 4, 2016, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- The invention relates to a submarine drive system.
- Submarine drive systems comprising a drive shaft, a drive propeller coupled to the drive shaft, and an electric machine for driving the drive shaft are already known. Here, the electric machine of a submarine drive system is directly coupled to the drive shaft according to practice. The electric machine is utilised both for full-load operation and also for a part-load operation. Efficiency disadvantages result in particular during the part-load operation. Furthermore, relative large electric machines have to be employed.
- From DE 10 2012 208 065 A1 a drive system of a ship is known, in which an electric machine is directly or indirectly coupled to a drive shaft via a transmission. By connecting a transmission between the electric machine and the drive shaft, smaller, lighter and more cost-effective electric machines can be employed, in particular since the electric machine can then be operated with a rotational speed of the drive shaft or of the drive propeller driven by the drive shaft that is higher than the required rotational speed.
- Starting out from this, one aspect of the present invention is based on creating a new type of submarine drive system.
- According to one aspect of the invention, a main drive comprising at least one first electric machine is designed for a full-load operation and is coupled or can be coupled to the drive shaft on the drive side, wherein an additional drive comprising at least one second electric machine is designed for a part-load operation for stealth operation and/or submerged operation of the submarine and is or can likewise be coupled to the drive shaft on the drive side. Accordingly, the submarine drive system comprises at least two electric machines. The or each first electric machine is designed for the full-load operation and is employed during full-load operation and below. The or each second electric machine is designed for the part-load operation and is employed during the part-load operation. By way of this, efficiency disadvantages during the part-load operation can be avoided through the or each second electric machine that is specifically adapted to the part-load operation.
- Advantageously, the or each first electric machine designed for the full-load operation is or can be indirectly or directly coupled via a first transmission to the drive shaft on the drive side, wherein the or each second electric machine designed for the part-load operation is or can be coupled indirectly to the drive shaft on the drive side via a first transmission, wherein the or each second electric machine designed for the part-load operation is coupled or can be coupled directly or via the first transmission indirectly or via a second transmission indirectly to the drive shaft on the drive side. Because of this it is possible to embody in particular the first electric machine designed for the full-load operation smaller, lighter, and more cost-effectively.
- According to a first version of the invention, the or each second electric machine is mounted or supported on the first transmission and together with the or each first electric machine and the first transmission jointly supported on a foundation of the submarine. With the first version an elastic compensation coupling is preferentially connected between an output of the first transmission and a thrust bearing of the drive shaft. This first version is particularly suited for submarine drive systems.
- According to a second version of the invention, the or each second electric machine is supported on a foundation of the submarine directly or via the second transmission indirectly in each case dependent on the or each first electric machine and the first transmission. The second version of the invention is also particularly suited for submarine drive systems, wherein the second version of the invention has advantages in terms of the required installation space.
- With the second version, an elastic compensation coupling is connected between the second electric machine or an output of the second transmission and a thrust bearing or axial bearing of the drive shaft. With the second version, the elastic compensation coupling can be smaller than with the first version. Furthermore, the thrust bearing of the drive shaft with the second version is preferentially integrated in the first transmission. The integration of the thrust bearing in the first transmission with the second version of the invention results in further installation space advantages.
- Preferred further developments of the invention are obtained from the subclaims and the following description. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail by way of the drawing without being restricted to this. There it shows:
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FIG. 1 : is a block diagram of a submarine drive system according to one aspect of the invention; -
FIG. 2 : is a block diagram of a submarine drive system according to one aspect of the invention; -
FIG. 3 : is a block diagram of a submarine drive system according to one aspect of the invention; -
FIG. 4 : is a block diagram of a submarine drive system according to one aspect of the invention; and -
FIG. 5 : is a block diagram of a submarine drive system according to one aspect of the invention. -
FIGS. 1 to 5 show different exemplary embodiments of submarine drive systems 1 according to aspects of the invention. All submarine drive systems 1 ofFIGS. 1 to 5 have in common that each comprises adrive shaft 2, adrive propeller 3 coupled to thedrive shaft 2, and multipleelectric machines electric machine 4 of a main drive for driving thedrive shaft 2 and thus thedrive propeller 3 is designed for a full-load operation of the submarine drive system and is coupled or can be coupled to thedrive shaft 2 on the drive side. At least one secondelectric machine 5 of an additional drive is designed for a part-load operation of the submarine drive system 1 and is or can likewise be coupled to thedrive shaft 2 on the drive side, wherein during the part-load operation of the submarine drive system 1 the submarine is typically operated in stealth mode and/or submerged mode. - It is thus an idea of the submarine drive system 1 according to the invention, to provide multiple
electric machines drive shaft 2, namely a firstelectric machine 4 designed for the full-load operation and a secondelectric machine 5 designed for the part-load operation for a stealth operation and/or submerged operation, which are operated dependent on the operating state, i.e. dependent on whether a full-load operation or part-load operation is required, and for this purpose are coupled to thedrive shaft 2 or decoupled from the same. During the full-load operation the firstelectric machine 4 is typically coupled to thedrive shaft 2 and the secondelectric machine 5 decoupled from the same. During the part-load operation, the secondelectric machine 5 is typically coupled to thedrive shaft 2 and the secondelectric machine 4 decoupled from the same. - According to an advantageous further development of the invention it is provided that the first
electric machine 4 of the submarine drive system 1 designed for the full-load operation is indirectly coupled via afirst transmission 6 to thedrive shaft 2 on the drive side. Here, thefirst transmission 6 comprisesgearwheel planes - Accordingly, the
first transmission 6 is a step-up transmission, the step-up stages are designed so that the firstelectric machine 4 can be operated with significantly higher rotational speed than is required for driving thedrive propeller 3 and thus thedrive shaft 2. Because of this, smaller, lighter and more cost-effective electric machines can be employed for the full-load operation than is possible with submarine drive systems known from practice. - Furthermore, the
first transmission 6 comprises aclutch 11, which is preferentially embodied as a synchronised clutch. - The second
electric machine 5 designed for the part-load operation and is mounted or supported on thefirst transmission 6 in the exemplary embodiment ofFIG. 1 and directly coupled, i.e. without further transmission stage, to thedrive shaft 2 on the drive side. -
FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the secondelectric machine 5 is designed for the full-load operation and is mounted or supported on thefirst transmission 6 but indirectly coupled via thefirst transmission 6 to thedrive shaft 2 on the drive side, namely inFIG. 2 via a separate transmission stage of thefirst transmission 6 formed byfurther gearwheel planes - In the exemplary embodiment of
FIG. 3 , the secondelectric machine 5 is designed for the part-load operation and is mounted on thefirst transmission 6 in conformity with the exemplary embodiments ofFIGS. 1 and 2 and in the exemplary embodiment ofFIG. 3 , again in conformity with the exemplary embodiment ofFIG. 2 , is again indirectly connected via thefirst transmission 6 to thedrive shaft 2 on the drive side. However, in the exemplary embodiment ofFIG. 3 , the secondelectric machine 5 unlike in the exemplary embodiment ofFIG. 2 , is not connected to thedrive shaft 2 via a separate transmission stage but rather via the transmission stage formed by thegearwheel planes electric machine 4. While the embodiment ofFIG. 3 is particularly compact and simple, the exemplary embodiment ofFIG. 2 has efficiency advantages. - As already explained, all exemplary embodiments of
FIGS. 1 to 3 have in common that the respective submarine drive system 1 comprises multiple electric machines, namely the firstelectric machine 4 for the full-load operation and the secondelectric machine 5 for the part-load operation, wherein the secondelectric machine 5 for the part-load operation is mounted or supported on thefirst transmission 6, which serves as step-up transmission at least for the firstelectric machine 4, which is designed for the full-load operation. Optionally, as shown inFIGS. 2 and 3 , thefirst transmission 6 can also serve as step-up transmission for the secondelectric machine 5 designed for the part-load operation. - In the exemplary embodiments of
FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 , in which the secondelectric machine 5 designed for the part-load operation is mounted or supported on thefirst transmission 6, theelectric machine 5 together with the firstelectric machine 4 and together with thefirst transmission 6 are jointly supported on afoundation 12 of the submarine 1, for the purpose of which in the exemplary embodiments ofFIGS. 1 to 3 the firstelectric machine 4 and the first transmission are mounted on acommon frame 13, so that the secondelectric machine 5 is also mounted via thefirst transmission 6 on thiscommon frame 13. By way of thiscommon frame 13, the twoelectric machines first transmission 6 are jointly supported on thefoundation 12 of the submarine. - Between the
common frame 13 and thefoundation 12, elastic sound-dampingelements 14 are connected. These are significant in particular when during the part-load operation of the submarine drive system 1, the submarine is operated in stealth operation or submerged operation. - Furthermore, the submarine drive systems 1 of
FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 comprise an axial bearing or thrustbearing 15 assigned to thedrive shaft 2, anelastic compensation coupling 16 assigned to thedrive shaft 2 and a clutch likewise assigned to the drive shaft. The axial bearing or thrustbearing 15 serves for absorbed axial forces acting on thedrive shaft 2. Shearing forces are directed from the axial bearing or thrustbearing 15 into the hull or into the foundation of the submarine. Moments are transmitted to thedrive propeller 3 via theelastic compensation coupling 16. By way of the clutch 17, thedrive propeller 3 can be decoupled from thedrive shaft 2. - Submarine drive systems 1 according to a second version of the invention are shown by
FIGS. 4 and 5 , wherein the exemplary embodiments ofFIGS. 4 and 5 differ from the exemplary embodiments ofFIGS. 1 to 3 primarily in that in the exemplary embodiments ofFIGS. 4 and 5 the secondelectric machine 5 designed for the part-load operation does not act on or is supported by the hull orfoundation 12 of the submarine together with the firstelectric machine 4 and thefirst transmission 6 designed for the full-load operation, but is rather supported on thefoundation 12 of the submarine independently of the firstelectric machine 4 and thefirst transmission 6. - Here,
FIG. 4 shows an embodiment, in which the secondelectric machine 5 is directly coupled, i.e. without further step-up stage, to thedrive shaft 2 on the drive side and as such is supported via elastic sound-dampingelements 14 on thefoundation 12 of the submarine. - In the embodiment of
FIG. 5 , by contrast, the secondelectric machine 5 designed for the part-load operation is not directly but indirectly coupled via a separate, second step-uptransmission 19 to thedrive shaft 2 and supported via thissecond transmission 19 andelastic vibration dampers 14 arranged between thesecond transmission 19 and thefoundation 12 of the submarine. - From
FIGS. 4 and 5 it is evident that in these exemplary embodiments the firstelectric machine 4 designed for the full-load operation and thefirst transmission 6 serving as step-up transmission for the firstelectric machine 4 are individually supported on thefoundation 12, however without the necessity ofelastic vibration dampers 14, since during the full-load operation when using the firstelectric machine 4, a low-noise operation of the submarine, such as is desirable during the part-load operation in particular during stealth operation is desirable, is of subordinate importance. - A further distinction of the exemplary embodiments of
FIGS. 4 and 5 from the exemplary embodiments ofFIGS. 1 to 3 is that theelastic compensation coupling 16, is not connected between the output of thefirst transmission 6 and the axial bearing or thrustbearing 15, but rather between the axial bearing or thrustbearing 15 of thedrive shaft 2 and the secondelectric machine 5 or thesecond transmission 19 designed for the part-load operation. - As already explained above, a low-noise operation of the submarine drive system 1 is only important during the part-load operation, in particular during stealth-operation, so that in the exemplary embodiments of
FIGS. 4 and 5 theelastic compensation coupling 16 is then exclusively important for the secondelectric machine 5 that is supported on thefoundation 12 of the submarine independently of the firstelectric machine 4 and thefirst transmission 6. - In the exemplary embodiment of
FIG. 5 , a sound-insulation covering 18 is additionally arranged about the unit of secondelectric machine 5 andsecond transmission 19, in order to ensure an even quieter operation of the submarine drive system. - In the exemplary embodiments of
FIGS. 4 and 5 , the axial bearing or thrustbearing 15 is integrated in the first transmission, which serves as step-up transmission for the firstelectric machine 4, designed for the full-load operation. By way of this, further installation space advantages can then be realised. - During the full-load operation, the required drive power is provided by the first
electric machine 4. For saving size, weight, and costs, the rotational speed of the firstelectric machine 4 is higher than the required propeller rotational speed, which is why thefirst transmission 6 is employed with one or more step-up stages. The firstelectric machine 4 can be switched on and off via the optional clutch or synchronous clutch 11. Torque is directed to thedrive propeller 3 in particular via theelastic compensation coupling 16, a shearing force acting on the drive shaft during the operation is transmitted to the hull or thefoundation 12 via theaxial bearing 15. - During the part-load operation, the required drive power is provided by the second
electric machine 5. During stealth and submerged operation, submarines generally require only a minor part of the power. - The second
electric machine 5 that is specifically designed for the part-load operation is typically fed from batteries. With regard to the range, the efficiency is of particular importance for the part-load operation. During the part-load operation during stealth and submerged operation, the smallerelectric machine 5 is within the range of its rated power and thus has an optimised efficiency, which brings about a greater range. - In the exemplary embodiment of
FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 , the secondelectric machine 5 is advantageously attached to thefirst transmission 6 and inFIG. 1 directly connected to thedrive shaft 2. The drive is optionally effected by the firstelectric machine 4 or the secondelectric machine 5, depending on power requirement. During the operation with the secondelectric machine 5, the firstelectric machine 4 can be decoupled via the clutch 11, which is particularly advantageous with regard to the efficiency. -
FIGS. 4 and 5 show exemplary embodiments in which the secondelectric machine 5 is supported on thefoundation 12 independently of the firstelectric machine 4. Since the firstelectric machine 4 is only employed in less noise-sensitive operating states, the elastic mounting on the firstelectric machine 4 can then be dispensed with. In order to be particularly low in noise during slow and submerged operation, the secondelectric machine 5 is advantageously elastically supported on thefoundation 12. Theelastic coupling 16 is only necessary between secondelectric machine 5 and thepropeller shaft 2, the same can thus be advantageously designed significantly smaller. Preferentially, the axial bearing or thrustbearing 16 is integrated in the housing of thefirst transmission 6. - The
first transmission 6 can advantageously be a tunnel transmission. - In the exemplary embodiment of
FIG. 5 , a fast-rotating embodiment is used for the secondelectric machine 5, in order to be able to save weight, installation space and costs also in the region of the secondelectric machine 5. For adjusting the rotational speed of the secondelectric machine 5 to the desired rotational speed of thedrive shaft 2, thesecond transmission 19 is utilised inFIG. 5 . In order to minimise noises, the use of an oil pump can be advantageously omitted in the case of thesecond transmission 19 and an immersion lubrication without a pump realised. The secondelectric machine 5 and thesecond transmission 12 are advantageously rigidly aligned relative to one another and jointly mounted elastically on thefoundation 12. - Each of the shown exemplary embodiments is advantageously provided with a control, by way of which the automated establishment of the respective desired operating configuration and the monitoring of operation-relevant parameters are made possible.
- Accordingly, the control can automatically activate clutches and electric machines in order to automatically utilise the first
electric machine 4 during the full-load operation and automatically utilise the secondelectric machine 5 as drive source during the part-load operation. By way of the control, operating parameters can also be monitored in order to automatically establish the desired operating configuration independently from this and provide the drive power either during the full-load operation via the firstelectric machine 4 of the main drive or during the part-load operation for a stealth operation and/or submerged operation via the secondelectric machine 5 of the additional drive. - Thus, while there have shown and described and pointed out fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to a preferred embodiment thereof, it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the devices illustrated, and in their operation, may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, it is expressly intended that all combinations of those elements and/or method steps which perform substantially the same function in substantially the same way to achieve the same results are within the scope of the invention. Moreover, it should be recognized that structures and/or elements and/or method steps shown and/or described in connection with any disclosed form or embodiment of the invention may be incorporated in any other disclosed or described or suggested form or embodiment as a general matter of design choice. It is the intention, therefore, to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims (16)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016214494 | 2016-08-04 | ||
DE102016214494.4A DE102016214494A1 (en) | 2016-08-04 | 2016-08-04 | Submarine propulsion system |
DE102016214494.4 | 2016-08-04 | ||
PCT/EP2017/058638 WO2018024378A1 (en) | 2016-08-04 | 2017-04-11 | Submarine drive system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20190202538A1 true US20190202538A1 (en) | 2019-07-04 |
US10723425B2 US10723425B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US16/322,735 Active US10723425B2 (en) | 2016-08-04 | 2017-04-11 | Submarine drive system |
Country Status (7)
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US (1) | US10723425B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3494038A1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102218566B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN109476364A (en) |
CA (1) | CA3024563C (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016214494A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018024378A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
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US7803024B2 (en) * | 2009-02-28 | 2010-09-28 | Jin Tzeng Woo | Fuel efficient power system for electric boat |
US8393926B2 (en) * | 2009-02-12 | 2013-03-12 | Twin Disc, Inc. | Hybrid marine power train system |
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DE1120309B (en) * | 1957-09-03 | 1961-12-21 | Asea Ab | Drive unit for propellers |
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JP4019127B2 (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 2007-12-12 | ジャパン・ハムワージ株式会社 | Ship propulsion control system with electric propulsion and twin rudder |
DE19958783A1 (en) * | 1999-11-30 | 2001-05-31 | Siemens Ag | Device for driving a ship incorporates two drive motors of varying power and a drive shaft with two electric drive motors designed as multi-strand AC motors with a power converter feed. |
DE10063338B4 (en) * | 2000-12-19 | 2007-03-01 | Blohm + Voss Gmbh | Device for propelling a ship |
DE102004053108B4 (en) * | 2004-10-28 | 2008-06-19 | Alexander Rubinraut | Arrangement for power transmission for a marine propulsion with counter-rotating screws |
JP2012062950A (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-03-29 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Azimuth thruster |
DE102012208065A1 (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2013-11-21 | Renk Aktiengesellschaft | Marine propulsion system |
CN103009167B (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-10-08 | 山东义信重机制造有限公司 | Boring and milling head speed change mechanism for boring miller |
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FR3013321B1 (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2016-01-08 | Dcns | POWER TRANSFER SYSTEM BETWEEN THREE POWER COMPONENTS |
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2016
- 2016-08-04 DE DE102016214494.4A patent/DE102016214494A1/en active Pending
-
2017
- 2017-04-11 KR KR1020197000202A patent/KR102218566B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2017-04-11 EP EP17717144.4A patent/EP3494038A1/en active Pending
- 2017-04-11 CN CN201780049021.4A patent/CN109476364A/en active Pending
- 2017-04-11 US US16/322,735 patent/US10723425B2/en active Active
- 2017-04-11 CA CA3024563A patent/CA3024563C/en active Active
- 2017-04-11 WO PCT/EP2017/058638 patent/WO2018024378A1/en unknown
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US1332631A (en) * | 1916-02-05 | 1920-03-02 | Robert V Morse | Submarine-propulsion system |
US8393926B2 (en) * | 2009-02-12 | 2013-03-12 | Twin Disc, Inc. | Hybrid marine power train system |
US7803024B2 (en) * | 2009-02-28 | 2010-09-28 | Jin Tzeng Woo | Fuel efficient power system for electric boat |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA3024563A1 (en) | 2018-02-08 |
WO2018024378A1 (en) | 2018-02-08 |
CA3024563C (en) | 2021-02-09 |
KR20190019123A (en) | 2019-02-26 |
US10723425B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 |
DE102016214494A1 (en) | 2018-02-08 |
CN109476364A (en) | 2019-03-15 |
EP3494038A1 (en) | 2019-06-12 |
KR102218566B1 (en) | 2021-02-22 |
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