US20190119560A1 - Modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- US20190119560A1 US20190119560A1 US16/040,307 US201816040307A US2019119560A1 US 20190119560 A1 US20190119560 A1 US 20190119560A1 US 201816040307 A US201816040307 A US 201816040307A US 2019119560 A1 US2019119560 A1 US 2019119560A1
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- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 33
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 0 *[N+](C)(C)CCCS(=O)(=O)O Chemical compound *[N+](C)(C)CCCS(=O)(=O)O 0.000 description 6
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/58—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
- C09K8/594—Compositions used in combination with injected gas, e.g. CO2 orcarbonated gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/92—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. encapsulated material
- C09K8/94—Foams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/166—Injecting a gaseous medium; Injecting a gaseous medium and a liquid medium
- E21B43/168—Injecting a gaseous medium
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/20—Displacing by water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/10—Nanoparticle-containing well treatment fluids
Definitions
- the present invention belongs to the field of oil field chemistry, and particularly relates to a modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system for in depth profile control and flooding in oil field and preparation method of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system.
- foam materials have been widely applied in oil fields and mine sites, owing to their advantages including high apparent viscosity, reduction ability of oil-water interfacial tension, and high selectivity (defoamed in oil and stabilized in water), etc.
- Foam profile control and flooding systems commonly used in oil fields mainly include single liquid phase foam system, polymer enhanced foam system, gel enhanced foam system, and nano-particle enhanced foam system.
- a single liquid phase foam system consists of surfactant and gas (N 2 , CO 2 ), but has poor stability and is usually applicable to medium-low temperature and medium-low salt content oil reservoirs.
- a polymer enhanced foam system For a polymer enhanced foam system, a polymer is added in foaming solution, and thereby the thickness of the liquid films is increased and the drainage speed of the liquid films is decreased by virtue of the viscosity of the polymer, and the stability of the foams is improved.
- the viscosity loss of the polymer is severe, and the foam stability of the polymer is limited. Therefore, a polymer enhanced foam system is especially not suitable for use in medium-high temperature and medium-high salt content oil reservoirs.
- Gel enhanced foams are formed by polymer, cross-linking agent, foaming agent and gas (N 2 , CO 2 ), and a gel enhanced foam system utilizes the strong viscoelastic effect of gel to improve the viscosity of the external phase and increase the thickness of the liquid films to realize foam stability and long-time effectiveness, and is usually applicable to medium-high temperature and medium-high salt content oil reservoirs.
- the polymer in the gel is also subjected to the influence of the injection equipment, shearing stress in the pores of the strata, and physical and chemical properties of the strata, and consequently the gelation time and gel strength of the gel are difficult to control and the foam stabilization capability is limited.
- the nano-particle enhanced foam system developed recently utilizes the adsorption effect of the particles to enhance foam stability, but the foam stabilizing particles are mainly modified nano-silica particles, and the surface properties of the nano-particles may vary under the influence of physical and chemical properties of the strata and long-time erosion of stratum water. Therefore, the foam stabilization effect is poor. Besides, nano-silica particles have high density and may produce a gravitational differentiation effect. Consequently, the foam stabilization effect of the particles is limited.
- the present invention provides a modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system for in depth profile control and flooding for oil reservoir with high water content in the middle and late stages and a preparation method of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system.
- modified nano-graphite particles Utilizing the adsorption characteristic of modified nano-graphite particles, to improves the stability of the foams by improving the strength of the liquid films and decreasing the drainage speed of the liquid films, and thereby exerts the regulation and control capability for high-permeability strata as far as possible; in addition, utilizing the oil displacement capability of the foaming agent solution, the modified nano-graphite particle and the foaming agent attains a synergistic effect and greatly improves the oil recovery rate.
- the present invention employs the following technical scheme:
- the foaming agent above is selected from one of alkylsulfopropyl betaine and alkylamidopropyl betaine or a combination of thereof.
- the foam stabilizer above preferably is modified nano-graphite particles, which are preferably in 80-150 nm particle diameter.
- the gas phase above preferably is one of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and natural gas.
- R is C 12 , C 14 or C 16 alkyl.
- the structural formula of the alkylamidopropyl betaine above serving as the foaming agent is represented by the following formula (2):
- R is C 10 -C 16 alkyl.
- the water in the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is clean water or treated re-injected water in oil field.
- the present invention further provides a method for preparing the modified nano-graphite particles, which comprises the following steps:
- the present invention further provides a method for preparing the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system.
- modified graphite particles prepared with the method described above in the present invention into water, and stirring for 10 min. to disperse the modified graphite particles homogeneously at room temperature (20 ⁇ 5° C.); then adding one of alkylsulfopropyl betaine and alkylamidopropyl betaine or a combination of them as a foaming agent, and stirring for 5 min.
- the weight percentage of the modified in graphite particles in the liquid phase is 0.04%-0.1%, the weight percentage of the alkylsulfopropyl betaine or alkylamidopropyl betaine or the combination of them is 0.15%-0.35%; next, charging the gas at (1-3):1 gas-liquid ratio by a foaming device into the liquid phase, to obtain the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system.
- the gas in the above preparation method preferably is one of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and natural gas.
- alkylsulfopropyl betaine serving as the foaming agent is represented by the following formula (1):
- R is C 12 , C 14 or C 16 alkyl.
- alkylamidopropyl betaine serving as the foaming agent is represented by the following formula (2):
- R is C 10 -C 16 alkyl.
- the present invention attains the following beneficial effects:
- the modified nano-graphite particles employed in the present invention works with one of alkylsulfopropyl betaine, alkylamidopropyl betaine or a combination of them to attain an excellent synergistic effect of foam generation and foam stabilization; after the modified nano-graphite particles are added, the strength of the liquid films of the foams is increased and the drainage speed of the liquid films of the foams is decreased, and thereby the stability of the generated foams is greatly improved.
- the foam profile control and flooding system attains swept volume enlargement and oil displacement efficiency improvement effects before defoaming, and it enters into the in depth portion of the reservoir by virtue of the self-lubrication feature of the modified graphite particles after defoaming, and achieves effective regulation and control of high-permeability flow channels, so that the subsequent injection pressure is kept at a high level and thereby further in depth exploitation of remaining oil in oil reservoirs with high water content in the middle and late stages is improved.
- modified nano-graphite particles employed in the present invention have temperature-resistant and salt-resistant characteristics, can be dispersed stably in a long time, and thereby improves the stability of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foams.
- the alkylsulfopropyl betaine or alkylamidopropyl betaine or the combination of them employed in the present invention has good temperature-resistant and salt-resistant performance, and improves the applicability range of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foams to oil reservoirs; besides, it has high interfacial activity, and can decrease the oil-water interfacial tension to 10 ⁇ 2 mN/m order of magnitude, enlarge the swept volume and improve the oil displacement efficiency as well.
- the modified nano-graphite particles employed in the present invention has high foam stabilization performance; on the other hand, the modified nano-graphite particles still achieve effective plugging of high-permeability flow channels by direct plugging or bridged plugging by virtue of the plugging characteristic of the particles after the foams disappear, have high fluidity control capability, and can remarkably improve the swept volume of the follow-up fluid.
- the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system in the present invention is simple to prepare, the required foaming agent and gas are widely available and low in price, and the modified nano-graphite particles are simple to prepare and convenient for large-scale field construction.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the foam stabilization mechanism of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system
- FIG. 2 shows the microstructure of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system in example 1 amplified by 50 times;
- FIG. 3 shows the microstructure of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system in example 2 amplified by 50 times;
- FIG. 4 shows the microstructure of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system in example 3 amplified by 100 times;
- FIG. 5 shows the microstructure of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system in example 4 amplified by 100 times.
- the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system comprises: alkylsulfopropyl betaine foaming agent accounting for 0.2% weight percentage; modified nano-graphite particles accounting for 0.1% weight percentage; and water accounting for the remaining weight percentage (99.7%); the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%.
- the modified nano-graphite particles are prepared with the following method: 200 g graphite particles in 15 ⁇ m particle diameter are added into 800 g deionized water at room temperature (20 ⁇ 5° C.), and the mixture is stirred for 10 min. to fully disperse the graphite particles, so that graphite dispersed solution is obtained; the obtained graphite dispersed solution is loaded into a colloid mill and sheared cyclically for 10 min.
- the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is prepared with the following method: 0.04 g alkylsulfopropyl betaine foaming agent and 0.02 g modified graphite particles are added into 19.92 g water successively at room temperature (20 ⁇ 5° C.) while stirring, then the mixture is further stirred for 5 min. to obtain a homogeneous liquid phase of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam system.
- Nitrogen is charged at 3:1 gas-liquid ratio with Ross-Mile method at 80° C.; the measured foaming volume of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is 220 mL, the measured half-life is 330 s, and the oil-water interfacial tension is decreased to 7.6 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 mN/m.
- the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system comprises: alkylsulfopropyl betaine foaming agent accounting for 0.35% weight percentage; modified nano-graphite particles accounting for 0.06% weight percentage; and water accounting for the remaining weight percentage (99.69%); the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%.
- the modified nano-graphite particles are prepared with the following method: 200 g graphite particles in 15 ⁇ m particle diameter are added into 800 g deionized water at room temperature (20 ⁇ 5° C.), and the mixture is stirred for 10 min. to fully disperse the graphite particles, so that graphite dispersed solution is obtained; the obtained graphite dispersed solution is loaded into a colloid mill and sheared cyclically for 5 min.
- the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is prepared with the following method: 0.07 g alkylsulfopropyl betaine foaming agent and 0.012 g modified graphite particles are added into 19.918 g successively water at room temperature (20 ⁇ 5° C.) while stirring, then the mixture is further stirred for 5 min. to obtain a homogeneous liquid phase of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam system.
- Nitrogen is charged at 2:1 gas-liquid ratio with Ross-Mile method at 80° C.; the measured foaming volume of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is 240 mL, the measured half-life is 350 s, and the oil-water interfacial tension is decreased to 4.6 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 mN/m.
- the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system comprises: alkylsulfopropyl betaine foaming agent accounting for 0.15% weight percentage and alkylamidopropyl betaine foaming agent accounting for 0.2% weight percentage; modified nano-graphite particles accounting for 0.08% weight percentage; and water accounting for the remaining weight percentage (99.62%); the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%.
- the modified nano-graphite particles are prepared with the following method: 200 g graphite particles in 15 ⁇ m particle diameter are added into 800 g deionized water at room temperature (20 ⁇ 5° C.), and the mixture is stirred for 10 min. to fully disperse the graphite particles, so that graphite dispersed solution is obtained; the obtained graphite dispersed solution is loaded into a colloid mill and sheared cyclically for 5 min.
- the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is prepared with the following method: 0.03 g alkylsulfopropyl betaine foaming agent, 0.04 g alkylamidopropyl betaine foaming agent, and 0.016 g modified graphite particles are added into 19.914 g water successively at room temperature (20 ⁇ 5° C.) while stirring, then the mixture is further stirred for 5 min. to obtain a homogeneous liquid phase of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam system.
- Nitrogen is charged at 3:1 gas-liquid ratio with Ross-Mile method at 80° C.; the measured foaming volume of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is 260 mL, the measured half-life is 365 s, and the oil-water interfacial tension is decreased to 3.2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 mN/m.
- the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system comprises: alkylsulfopropyl betaine foaming agent accounting for 0.1% weight percentage and alkylamidopropyl betaine foaming agent accounting for 0.15% weight percentage; modified nano-graphite particles accounting for 0.1% weight percentage; and water accounting for the remaining weight percentage (99.65%); the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%.
- the modified nano-graphite particles are prepared with the following method: 200 g graphite particles in 15 ⁇ m particle diameter are added into 800 g deionized water at room temperature (20 ⁇ 5° C.), and the mixture is stirred for 10 min. to fully disperse the graphite particles, so that graphite dispersed solution is obtained; the obtained graphite dispersed solution is loaded into a colloid mill and sheared cyclically for 10 min.
- the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is prepared with the following method: 0.01 g alkylsulfopropyl betaine foaming agent, 0.03 g alkylamidopropyl betaine foaming agent, and 0.02 g modified graphite particles are added into 19.94 g water successively at room temperature (20 ⁇ 5° C.) while stirring, then the mixture is further stirred for 5 min. to obtain a homogeneous liquid phase of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam system.
- Nitrogen is charged at 2:1 gas-liquid ratio with Ross-Mile method at 80° C.; the measured foaming volume of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is 240 mL, the measured half-life is 335 s, and the oil-water interfacial tension is decreased to 4.1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 mN/m.
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Abstract
Description
- The present application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201710980124.4, filed on Oct. 19, 2017, and the entire contents thereof are incorporated herein by reference.
- The present invention belongs to the field of oil field chemistry, and particularly relates to a modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system for in depth profile control and flooding in oil field and preparation method of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system.
- Long-term water-flooding extraction in oil fields results in aggravated non-homogeneity of the strata, accelerated water-cut rising speed and degraded water flooding efficiency or inefficient circulation in the middle and late stages of oil field exploitation. Consequently, a great deal of remaining oil in the strata can't be exploited. Therefore, decreasing the water-cut in the oil wells is the key to increasing and stabilizing the yield in the oil fields in in depth exploration of remaining oil in high water-cut oil reservoirs in the middle and late stages. In recent years, foam materials have been widely applied in oil fields and mine sites, owing to their advantages including high apparent viscosity, reduction ability of oil-water interfacial tension, and high selectivity (defoamed in oil and stabilized in water), etc. Foam profile control and flooding systems commonly used in oil fields mainly include single liquid phase foam system, polymer enhanced foam system, gel enhanced foam system, and nano-particle enhanced foam system. A single liquid phase foam system consists of surfactant and gas (N2, CO2), but has poor stability and is usually applicable to medium-low temperature and medium-low salt content oil reservoirs. For a polymer enhanced foam system, a polymer is added in foaming solution, and thereby the thickness of the liquid films is increased and the drainage speed of the liquid films is decreased by virtue of the viscosity of the polymer, and the stability of the foams is improved. However, owing to be influenced by the injection equipment, shearing stress in pores of the strata, and physical and chemical properties of the strata, the viscosity loss of the polymer is severe, and the foam stability of the polymer is limited. Therefore, a polymer enhanced foam system is especially not suitable for use in medium-high temperature and medium-high salt content oil reservoirs. Gel enhanced foams are formed by polymer, cross-linking agent, foaming agent and gas (N2, CO2), and a gel enhanced foam system utilizes the strong viscoelastic effect of gel to improve the viscosity of the external phase and increase the thickness of the liquid films to realize foam stability and long-time effectiveness, and is usually applicable to medium-high temperature and medium-high salt content oil reservoirs. However, the polymer in the gel is also subjected to the influence of the injection equipment, shearing stress in the pores of the strata, and physical and chemical properties of the strata, and consequently the gelation time and gel strength of the gel are difficult to control and the foam stabilization capability is limited. The nano-particle enhanced foam system developed recently utilizes the adsorption effect of the particles to enhance foam stability, but the foam stabilizing particles are mainly modified nano-silica particles, and the surface properties of the nano-particles may vary under the influence of physical and chemical properties of the strata and long-time erosion of stratum water. Therefore, the foam stabilization effect is poor. Besides, nano-silica particles have high density and may produce a gravitational differentiation effect. Consequently, the foam stabilization effect of the particles is limited.
- To overcome the drawbacks in the foam profile control and flooding systems in the prior art, the present invention provides a modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system for in depth profile control and flooding for oil reservoir with high water content in the middle and late stages and a preparation method of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system. Utilizing the adsorption characteristic of modified nano-graphite particles, to improves the stability of the foams by improving the strength of the liquid films and decreasing the drainage speed of the liquid films, and thereby exerts the regulation and control capability for high-permeability strata as far as possible; in addition, utilizing the oil displacement capability of the foaming agent solution, the modified nano-graphite particle and the foaming agent attains a synergistic effect and greatly improves the oil recovery rate.
- To attain the object described above, the present invention employs the following technical scheme:
-
- a modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system, comprising a liquid phase and a gas phase, wherein the liquid phase comprises a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer, and water; based on the total mass of the liquid phase, the weight percentages of the foaming agent is 0.15%-0.35%, the weight percentages of the foam stabilizer is 0.04-0.1%, the water accounts for the remaining content in the liquid phase, and the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%; a gas-liquid ratio of the gas phase to the liquid phase is controlled at (1-3):1.
- Furthermore, the foaming agent above is selected from one of alkylsulfopropyl betaine and alkylamidopropyl betaine or a combination of thereof.
- Furthermore, the foam stabilizer above preferably is modified nano-graphite particles, which are preferably in 80-150 nm particle diameter.
- Furthermore, the gas phase above preferably is one of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and natural gas.
- Furthermore, the structural formula of the alkylsulfopropyl betaine above serving as the foaming agent is represented by the following formula (1):
- in the formula (1), R is C12, C14 or C16 alkyl.
Furthermore, the structural formula of the alkylamidopropyl betaine above serving as the foaming agent is represented by the following formula (2): - in the formula (2), R is C10-C16 alkyl.
- Furthermore, the water in the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is clean water or treated re-injected water in oil field.
- The present invention further provides a method for preparing the modified nano-graphite particles, which comprises the following steps:
-
- adding graphite particles in 15 μm particle diameter into deionized water and stirring for 10 min. to disperse the graphite particles at room temperature (20±5° C.), to prepare graphite dispersed solution; loading the graphite dispersed solution prepared into a colloid mill and shearing the graphite dispersed solution cyclically for 5-10 min. under a 40-45 Hz shearing condition, to prepare sheared graphite dispersed solution; dispersing the obtained sheared graphite dispersed solution by ultrasonic dispersion for 3-6 h, and taking the supernatant liquid, to obtain homogeneous graphite dispersed solution; adding sodium dodecyl sulfate into the obtained homogeneous graphite dispersed solution, and stirring at 40-50° C. temperature for 3-6 h, to obtain modified graphite particles in 80-150 nm particle diameter.
- The present invention further provides a method for preparing the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system.
- Adding modified graphite particles prepared with the method described above in the present invention into water, and stirring for 10 min. to disperse the modified graphite particles homogeneously at room temperature (20±5° C.); then adding one of alkylsulfopropyl betaine and alkylamidopropyl betaine or a combination of them as a foaming agent, and stirring for 5 min. to dissolve the foaming agent fully, wherein, the weight percentage of the modified in graphite particles in the liquid phase is 0.04%-0.1%, the weight percentage of the alkylsulfopropyl betaine or alkylamidopropyl betaine or the combination of them is 0.15%-0.35%; next, charging the gas at (1-3):1 gas-liquid ratio by a foaming device into the liquid phase, to obtain the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system.
- Furthermore, the gas in the above preparation method preferably is one of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and natural gas.
- Furthermore, the structure of the alkylsulfopropyl betaine serving as the foaming agent is represented by the following formula (1):
- in the formula (1), R is C12, C14 or C16 alkyl.
- Furthermore, the structure of the alkylamidopropyl betaine serving as the foaming agent is represented by the following formula (2):
- in the formula (2), R is C10-C16 alkyl.
- Compared with the prior art, the present invention attains the following beneficial effects:
- (1) The modified nano-graphite particles employed in the present invention works with one of alkylsulfopropyl betaine, alkylamidopropyl betaine or a combination of them to attain an excellent synergistic effect of foam generation and foam stabilization; after the modified nano-graphite particles are added, the strength of the liquid films of the foams is increased and the drainage speed of the liquid films of the foams is decreased, and thereby the stability of the generated foams is greatly improved.
- The foam profile control and flooding system attains swept volume enlargement and oil displacement efficiency improvement effects before defoaming, and it enters into the in depth portion of the reservoir by virtue of the self-lubrication feature of the modified graphite particles after defoaming, and achieves effective regulation and control of high-permeability flow channels, so that the subsequent injection pressure is kept at a high level and thereby further in depth exploitation of remaining oil in oil reservoirs with high water content in the middle and late stages is improved.
- (2) The modified nano-graphite particles employed in the present invention have temperature-resistant and salt-resistant characteristics, can be dispersed stably in a long time, and thereby improves the stability of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foams.
- (3) The alkylsulfopropyl betaine or alkylamidopropyl betaine or the combination of them employed in the present invention has good temperature-resistant and salt-resistant performance, and improves the applicability range of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foams to oil reservoirs; besides, it has high interfacial activity, and can decrease the oil-water interfacial tension to 10−2 mN/m order of magnitude, enlarge the swept volume and improve the oil displacement efficiency as well.
- (4) On one hand, the modified nano-graphite particles employed in the present invention has high foam stabilization performance; on the other hand, the modified nano-graphite particles still achieve effective plugging of high-permeability flow channels by direct plugging or bridged plugging by virtue of the plugging characteristic of the particles after the foams disappear, have high fluidity control capability, and can remarkably improve the swept volume of the follow-up fluid.
- (5) The modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system in the present invention is simple to prepare, the required foaming agent and gas are widely available and low in price, and the modified nano-graphite particles are simple to prepare and convenient for large-scale field construction.
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the foam stabilization mechanism of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system; -
FIG. 2 shows the microstructure of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system in example 1 amplified by 50 times; -
FIG. 3 shows the microstructure of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system in example 2 amplified by 50 times; -
FIG. 4 shows the microstructure of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system in example 3 amplified by 100 times; -
FIG. 5 shows the microstructure of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system in example 4 amplified by 100 times. - To assist those skilled in the art to understand the present invention better, hereunder the present invention will be further detailed in embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- The modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system comprises: alkylsulfopropyl betaine foaming agent accounting for 0.2% weight percentage; modified nano-graphite particles accounting for 0.1% weight percentage; and water accounting for the remaining weight percentage (99.7%); the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%.
- The modified nano-graphite particles are prepared with the following method: 200 g graphite particles in 15 μm particle diameter are added into 800 g deionized water at room temperature (20±5° C.), and the mixture is stirred for 10 min. to fully disperse the graphite particles, so that graphite dispersed solution is obtained; the obtained graphite dispersed solution is loaded into a colloid mill and sheared cyclically for 10 min. under a 45 Hz shearing condition, so that sheared graphite dispersed solution is obtained; the obtained sheared graphite dispersed solution is dispersed by ultrasonic for 6 h, and the supernatant liquid is taken, so that 400 g homogeneously dispersed solution at 5% weight percentage is obtained; 20 g sodium dodecyl sulfate is added into the obtained homogeneously dispersed solution, and the mixture is stirred at 40° C. for 6 h, so that modified graphite particles in 80 nm particle diameter are obtained.
- The modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is prepared with the following method: 0.04 g alkylsulfopropyl betaine foaming agent and 0.02 g modified graphite particles are added into 19.92 g water successively at room temperature (20±5° C.) while stirring, then the mixture is further stirred for 5 min. to obtain a homogeneous liquid phase of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam system. Nitrogen is charged at 3:1 gas-liquid ratio with Ross-Mile method at 80° C.; the measured foaming volume of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is 220 mL, the measured half-life is 330 s, and the oil-water interfacial tension is decreased to 7.6×10−2 mN/m.
- The modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system comprises: alkylsulfopropyl betaine foaming agent accounting for 0.35% weight percentage; modified nano-graphite particles accounting for 0.06% weight percentage; and water accounting for the remaining weight percentage (99.69%); the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%.
- The modified nano-graphite particles are prepared with the following method: 200 g graphite particles in 15 μm particle diameter are added into 800 g deionized water at room temperature (20±5° C.), and the mixture is stirred for 10 min. to fully disperse the graphite particles, so that graphite dispersed solution is obtained; the obtained graphite dispersed solution is loaded into a colloid mill and sheared cyclically for 5 min. under a 40 Hz shearing condition, so that sheared graphite dispersed solution is obtained; the obtained sheared graphite dispersed solution is dispersed by ultrasonic for 4 h, and the supernatant liquid is taken, so that 400 g homogeneously dispersed solution at 4% weight percentage is obtained; 16 g sodium dodecyl sulfate is added into the obtained homogeneously dispersed solution, and the mixture is stirred at 40° C. for 4 h, so that modified graphite particles in 120 nm particle diameter are obtained.
- The modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is prepared with the following method: 0.07 g alkylsulfopropyl betaine foaming agent and 0.012 g modified graphite particles are added into 19.918 g successively water at room temperature (20±5° C.) while stirring, then the mixture is further stirred for 5 min. to obtain a homogeneous liquid phase of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam system. Nitrogen is charged at 2:1 gas-liquid ratio with Ross-Mile method at 80° C.; the measured foaming volume of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is 240 mL, the measured half-life is 350 s, and the oil-water interfacial tension is decreased to 4.6×10−2 mN/m.
- The modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system comprises: alkylsulfopropyl betaine foaming agent accounting for 0.15% weight percentage and alkylamidopropyl betaine foaming agent accounting for 0.2% weight percentage; modified nano-graphite particles accounting for 0.08% weight percentage; and water accounting for the remaining weight percentage (99.62%); the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%.
- The modified nano-graphite particles are prepared with the following method: 200 g graphite particles in 15 μm particle diameter are added into 800 g deionized water at room temperature (20±5° C.), and the mixture is stirred for 10 min. to fully disperse the graphite particles, so that graphite dispersed solution is obtained; the obtained graphite dispersed solution is loaded into a colloid mill and sheared cyclically for 5 min. under a 45 Hz shearing condition, so that sheared graphite dispersed solution is obtained; the obtained sheared graphite dispersed solution is dispersed by ultrasonic for 5 h, and the supernatant liquid is taken, so that 400 g homogeneously dispersed solution at 4.5% weight percentage is obtained; 18 g sodium dodecyl sulfate is added into the obtained homogeneously dispersed solution, and the mixture is stirred at 30° C. for 6 h, so that modified graphite particles in 100 nm particle diameter are obtained.
- The modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is prepared with the following method: 0.03 g alkylsulfopropyl betaine foaming agent, 0.04 g alkylamidopropyl betaine foaming agent, and 0.016 g modified graphite particles are added into 19.914 g water successively at room temperature (20±5° C.) while stirring, then the mixture is further stirred for 5 min. to obtain a homogeneous liquid phase of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam system. Nitrogen is charged at 3:1 gas-liquid ratio with Ross-Mile method at 80° C.; the measured foaming volume of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is 260 mL, the measured half-life is 365 s, and the oil-water interfacial tension is decreased to 3.2×10−2 mN/m.
- The modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system comprises: alkylsulfopropyl betaine foaming agent accounting for 0.1% weight percentage and alkylamidopropyl betaine foaming agent accounting for 0.15% weight percentage; modified nano-graphite particles accounting for 0.1% weight percentage; and water accounting for the remaining weight percentage (99.65%); the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%.
- The modified nano-graphite particles are prepared with the following method: 200 g graphite particles in 15 μm particle diameter are added into 800 g deionized water at room temperature (20±5° C.), and the mixture is stirred for 10 min. to fully disperse the graphite particles, so that graphite dispersed solution is obtained; the obtained graphite dispersed solution is loaded into a colloid mill and sheared cyclically for 10 min. under a 45 Hz shearing condition, so that sheared graphite dispersed solution is obtained; the obtained sheared graphite dispersed solution is dispersed by ultrasonic for 6 h, and the supernatant liquid is taken, so that 400 g homogeneously dispersed solution at 5% weight percentage is obtained; 20 g sodium dodecyl sulfate is added into the obtained homogeneously dispersed solution, and the mixture is stirred at 30° C. for 6 h, so that modified graphite particles in 85 nm particle diameter are obtained.
- The modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is prepared with the following method: 0.01 g alkylsulfopropyl betaine foaming agent, 0.03 g alkylamidopropyl betaine foaming agent, and 0.02 g modified graphite particles are added into 19.94 g water successively at room temperature (20±5° C.) while stirring, then the mixture is further stirred for 5 min. to obtain a homogeneous liquid phase of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam system. Nitrogen is charged at 2:1 gas-liquid ratio with Ross-Mile method at 80° C.; the measured foaming volume of the modified nano-graphite particle three-phase foam profile control and flooding system is 240 mL, the measured half-life is 335 s, and the oil-water interfacial tension is decreased to 4.1×10−2 mN/m.
- While the present invention is described above in embodiments, the description is exemplary rather than exhaustive, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed above. It is obvious to those having ordinary skills in the art that various modifications and alternations can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the embodiments described above. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be deemed as the protection scope defined by the claims only.
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CN112266780B (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2022-12-20 | 宁波锋成先进能源材料研究院有限公司 | Modified nano foam stabilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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CN114316939B (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-07-22 | 东北石油大学 | Carbon dioxide gas soluble foaming agent suitable for compact reservoir |
CN114482918B (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2024-01-23 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Profile control method for low-speed discontinuous injection |
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