US20190049738A1 - Beam expanding structure and optical display module - Google Patents
Beam expanding structure and optical display module Download PDFInfo
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- US20190049738A1 US20190049738A1 US15/935,146 US201815935146A US2019049738A1 US 20190049738 A1 US20190049738 A1 US 20190049738A1 US 201815935146 A US201815935146 A US 201815935146A US 2019049738 A1 US2019049738 A1 US 2019049738A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0081—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for altering, e.g. enlarging, the entrance or exit pupil
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/0977—Reflective elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/0816—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
- G02B26/0833—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a micromechanical device, e.g. a MEMS mirror, DMD
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/10—Scanning systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
- G02B2027/0125—Field-of-view increase by wavefront division
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular, to a beam expanding structure and an optical display module.
- Optical display module companies with Lumus as representative have developed an augmented reality optical system based on a stacked array of waveguide structures, wherein a light beam is expanded by the stacked array of waveguide structures in one dimension, whereas in another dimension, an eyepiece with a relatively large aperture is employed to implement transformation of a point-source image of a two-dimensional pixelated image source into a quasi-parallel light beam, thereby ensuring a reasonable exit pupil.
- volumes of the eyepiece and the image source impose extreme limitations on lightening and thinning of the optical display module.
- a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device e.g., a MEMS micro-mirror
- MEMS microelectromechanical system
- the scanning light beam emitted from a MEMS micro-mirror is approximately parallel light, which is close to fulfill the requirements for the stacked array of waveguide structures. Therefore, with a combination of the MEMS micro-mirror and the stacked array of waveguide structures, it is easy to lighten and thin the optical display module.
- the scanning light beam emitted from the MEMS micro-mirror is relatively narrow, there will be problems, such as being difficult for observation when it is directly applied in the stacked array of waveguide structures.
- the beam expanding structure comprises a plurality of transparent substrates in a stacked arrangement.
- Each transparent substrate comprises a first area that is reflective and a second area that is transflective.
- the first area of each transparent substrate is configured to reflect a light beam incident thereon to the second area of one or more transparent substrate at downstream.
- the second area of each transparent substrate is configured to transmit part of a light beam received from one or more transparent substrate at upstream to an observation point, while reflecting rest of the light beam received from the one or more transparent substrate at upstream back to one or more transparent substrate at upstream.
- the second area of each transparent substrate is further configured to at least partially reflect a light beam received from one or more transparent substrate at downstream back to one or more transparent substrate at downstream.
- the first area of each transparent substrate is configured for receiving a respective part of an incident light beam from a light source.
- the first area and the second area of each transparent substrate are both formed on a side of the transparent substrate facing an adjacent transparent substrate at downstream.
- the first area of each transparent substrate in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of transparent substrates, has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, wherein the first end of the first area is configured to receive a starting boundary ray of light in part of the incident light beam for the transparent substrate, and the second end of the first area is configured to receive an ending boundary ray of light in that part of the incident light beam for the transparent substrate.
- the second area of each transparent substrate in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of transparent substrates, has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, wherein the first end of the second area is configured to receive light reflected from the first end of the first area of one or more transparent substrate at upstream, and the second end of the second area is configured to receive light reflected from the second end of the first area of one or more transparent substrate at upstream.
- the distance between the first end and the second end of the second area is at least four times as large as the distance between the first end and the second end of the first area.
- the first area of each transparent substrate comprises a reflective film.
- the second area of each transparent substrate comprises a transflective film.
- the first area and the second area of each transparent substrate are in contact with each other.
- the transparent substrates comprise a glass substrate.
- the optical display module comprises: a beam expanding structure as described above, a laser light source, a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) micro-mirror and a stacked array of waveguide structures.
- MEMS micro-mirror is configured for transforming a light beam emitted from the laser light source into a scanning light beam with image information, and enabling the scanning light beam to be emitted out onto the beam expanding structure.
- the beam expanding structure is configured for expanding the scanning light beam in a first dimension, and for converging the expanded scanning light beam onto the stacked array of waveguide structures.
- the stacked array of waveguide structures is configured for expanding the expanded scanning light beam in a second dimension.
- the optical display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure further comprises: a reflector located in a light path between the MEMS micro-mirror and the beam expanding structure. Specifically, the reflector is configured for reflecting the scanning light beam onto the beam expanding structure.
- FIG. 1 a and FIG. 1 b are structural diagrams of a beam expanding structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 2 is a schematic design diagram of a beam expanding structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a scanning light beam emitted from a MEMS micro-mirror according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of an optical display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the beam expanding structure specifically comprises: a plurality of transparent substrates 001 disposed in order from left to right. That is, the plurality of transparent substrates 001 is in a stacked arrangement. Each transparent substrate 001 comprises a first reflective area 101 and a second transflective area 102 .
- Such a beam expanding structure can implement expansion of an incident light beam in one dimension. For example, in FIG. 1 b , different parts of an incident light beam may be incident from the bottom of each transparent substrates 001 , and eventually emitted out from the right side of the whole beam expanding structure after several times of reflection or transmission.
- the transparent substrates G 2 , G 3 , G 4 , G 5 disposed on the right side are all in a downstream position.
- the transparent substrates G 4 , G 3 , G 2 , G 1 disposed on the left side are all in an upstream position.
- expressions such as “upstream” and “downstream” are used to illustrate a specific position of various optical components, which should be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Further, as shown in FIG.
- the first area 101 of an individual transparent substrate 001 disposed in front or at upstream is configured for reflecting an incident light beam onto the second area 102 of one or more transparent substrates 001 disposed at back or at downstream.
- the second area 102 of an individual transparent substrate 001 disposed at back or downstream is configured for transmitting part of the received incident light beam to an area where the observation point B is located, and in the meanwhile, reflecting the remaining part of the received incident light beam to the second area 102 of one or more transparent substrates 001 disposed in front or at upstream.
- the second area 102 of an individual transparent substrate 001 disposed in front or at upstream is configured for at least partially reflecting the received incident light beam, which is reflected by the second area of one or more transparent substrates disposed at back or downstream, to the second area 102 of one or more transparent substrates 001 disposed at back or downstream.
- expressions such as “disposed in front” and “disposed at back” refer to a relative positioning between various transparent substrates 001 .
- a first transparent substrate 001 on the far left is disposed in front relative to a second transparent substrate 001 on its right side, whereas the second transparent substrate 001 is disposed at back relative to the first transparent substrate 001 .
- incident light may be transmitted and reflected thereon, as long as it illuminates the second area 102 of the individual transparent substrate 001 .
- the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, by using the first area 101 of an individual transparent substrate 001 disposed in front or at upstream to reflect an incident light beam to the second area 102 of one or more transparent substrates 001 disposed at back or downstream, and by rendering the second area 102 of an individual transparent substrate 001 disposed at back or downstream and the second area 102 of an individual transparent substrate 001 disposed in front or at upstream to cooperate with each other, expansion of the incident light beam is accomplished.
- a scanning light beam emitted out from the MEMS micro-mirror may be used as the incident light beam.
- FIG. 3 shows a scanning light beam emitted out from the MEMS micro-mirror.
- the MEMS micro-mirror converts the incident light s into a scanning light beam.
- the axis center A of the MEMS micro-mirror is located at the coordinate origin o
- the scanning light beam outputted by the MEMS micro-mirror in the xoy plane will be located in the range of a degrees on both sides of the y-axis.
- the first area 101 and the second area 102 of each transparent substrate 001 may not only be located on the same side of the transparent substrate 001 simultaneously, but also disposed on two opposite sides of the transparent substrate 001 respectively, which will not be defined here.
- FIG. 1 b shows a schematic diagram of various transparent substrates 001 in the beam expanding structure before they are fit to each other. In an actual application, the various transparent substrates 001 fit closely.
- each part of the incident light beam is reflected on the first area 101 of a respective transparent substrate 001 .
- each part of the incident light beam is in a one-to-one correspondence with the first area 101 of one transparent substrate 001 , and is reflected on the first area 101 of the corresponding transparent substrate 001 .
- the angle between the starting boundary ray of light and the ending boundary ray of light is identical.
- the angle between the starting boundary ray of light and the ending boundary ray of light may also not be identical, and the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
- the first area 101 of the first transparent substrate 001 disposed at the most upstream has a first end b 1 and a second end t 1 which are opposite to each other.
- the first end b 1 and the second end t 1 are two ends of the first transparent substrate G 1 in a vertical direction.
- the arrangement direction of the plurality of transparent substrates 001 is in the horizontal direction, i.e., being perpendicular to the vertical direction.
- the first end b 1 of the first area 101 may receive the starting boundary ray of light i 1 in part of the incident light beam (i.e., the part between the boundary rays of light i 1 and i 2 ) for the transparent substrate, whereas the second end t 1 of the first area 101 may receive the ending boundary ray of light i 2 in that part of the incident light beam for the transparent substrate.
- the two ends of a transparent substrate G 2 disposed at downstream of the first transparent substrate G 1 namely, the first end b 2 and the second end t 2
- they may be configured in the same way.
- the first end b 2 may receive the boundary ray of light i 2
- the second end t 2 may receive the boundary ray of light i 3
- the two ends of other transparent substrates 001 they may be set in a similar way, and the present disclosure will not be repeated any longer in this regard. Based on the same consideration, and with continued reference to FIG.
- the second area 102 of each transparent substrate 001 also has opposite first end t 2 (which may coincide with the second end of the first area 101 ) and second end m 2 .
- first end t 2 of the second area 102 may receive light reflected from the first end b 1 of the first area 101 of one or more transparent substrate 001 at upstream
- second end m 2 of the second area 102 may receive light reflected from the second end t 1 of the first area 101 of one or more transparent substrate 001 at upstream.
- the first area 101 of each transparent substrate 001 may comprise a reflective film.
- the second area 102 of each transparent substrate 001 may comprise a transflective film.
- the distance between two adjacent reflective films is equal to the thickness of the transparent substrate 001 located between these two adjacent reflective films.
- the distance between two adjacent transflective films is equal to the thickness of the transparent substrate 001 located between these two adjacent transflective films.
- the distance between the two ends t 2 and m 2 of the second area 102 in each transparent substrate 001 is at least four times as large as the distance between the two ends b 1 and t 1 of the first area 101 .
- the incident light beam will be reflected at least twice on the second area 102 of each transparent substrate 001 , thereby being beneficial to the expansion of the incident light beam.
- the first area 101 and the second area 102 of each transparent substrate 001 are in contact with each other. Using such a disposition, all the rays of light in the incident light beam may be expanded by means of the second areas 102 of the transparent substrates 001 .
- the transparent substrates 001 may be a glass substrate.
- the transparent substrates 001 may also be other substrates well known to the skilled in the art, for example, a plastic substrate, which have a good light-transmissive effect, and the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
- a scanning light beam emitted out from the MEMS micro-mirror will be used as the incident light beam, and the design principle and specific implementation of the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail.
- FIG. 2 a design diagram of the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.
- a scanning light beam from the MEMS micro-mirror is successively divided into five sub-scanning light beams, and the scanning range of each sub-scanning light beam is identical, namely, is ⁇ degrees.
- boundaries of these sub-scanning light beams are shown to be rays of light i 1 , i 2 , i 3 , i 4 , i 5 and i 6 , respectively.
- the position of a first section M 1 corresponding to a sub-scanning light beam encircled by the ray of light i 1 and the ray of light i 2 is determined.
- positions of the axis center A of the MEMS micro-mirror and the observation point B are determined; the perpendicular bisector L 2 of a connection line L 1 between the axis center A of the MEMS micro-mirror and the observation point B is constructed; the intersection point t 1 between the perpendicular bisector L 2 and the ray of light i 2 is determined; and a straight line perpendicular to the perpendicular bisector L 2 is drawn, wherein the intersection point t 1 is used as the pedal, such that the straight line intersects the ray of light i 1 at point b 1 .
- the intersection point b 1 and the intersection point t 1 are the two end points of the first line segment M 1 (corresponding to the boundary of the first area of the first transparent substrate).
- the position of a second line segment M 2 (corresponding to the boundary of the first area of the second transparent substrate) corresponding to a sub-scanning light beam encircled by the ray of light i 2 and the ray of light i 3 is determined.
- the intersection point t 2 between the reflected ray of light r 1 for the ray of light i 1 after it is reflected by the main reflection area M 1 and the ray of light i 3 is determined; and a normal line of the perpendicular bisector L 2 is drawn crossing the intersection point t 2 , such that the perpendicular line intersects the light ray of i 2 at point b 2 .
- the intersection point b 2 and the intersection point t 2 are the two end points of the second line segment M 2 . It can be seen that the second line segment M 2 is parallel to the first line segment M 1 .
- positions of various line segments corresponding to sub-scanning light beams encircled by the ray of light i 2 and the ray of light i 3 , the ray of light i 3 and the ray of light i 4 , as well as the ray of light i 4 and the ray of light i 5 respectively, may be determined.
- Those transparent substrates 001 which are in a one-to-one correspondence with the above five sub-scanning light beams, are denoted as G 1 , G 2 , G 3 , G 4 and G 5 , respectively.
- the first line segment M 1 is an orthographic projection of the first area 101 of G 1 on the boundary j 1
- the second line segment M 2 is an orthographic projection of the first area 101 of G 2 on the boundary j 2 .
- orthographic projections of the first area 101 of G 3 , the first area 101 of G 4 and the first area 101 of G 5 , on the boundaries may be determined respectively.
- the distance between the two ends of the second area may be set to be at least four times as large as the distance between the two ends of the first area, such that each sub-scanning light beam may be reflected at least twice on the second area of a corresponding transparent substrate 001 .
- the length of the second section extending from the end point t 1 is at least four times as large as the length of the first line segment M 1
- the extended line segment m 1 of the second section is just the orthographic projection of the second area 102 of G 1 on the boundary j 1 .
- FIG. 2 shows a light path diagram for the ray of light i 2 after being reflected twice on the extended line segment m 1 .
- the first area 101 of G 1 corresponding to the first line segment M 1 may comprise a reflective film
- the second area 102 of G 1 corresponding to the extended line segment m 1 may comprise a transflective film.
- the thickness h is selected to be equal to the distance between the first line segment M 1 and the second line segment M 2 , as shown in FIG. 1 b .
- the reflective films and the transflective films of G 2 , G 3 , G 4 and G 5 may be implemented respectively.
- the individual transparent substrates 001 are successively adhered together in the order of G 1 , G 2 , G 3 , G 4 and G 5 , and surfaces of the individual transparent substrates 001 provided with the reflective films and the transflective films are designed to face toward the same side.
- the distance between two adjacent reflective films is equal to the thickness of the transparent substrate 001 therebetween.
- the distance between the reflective film corresponding to the first line segment M 1 and the reflective film corresponding to the second line segment M 2 is equal to the thickness h of G 2 .
- the distance between two adjacent transflective films is also equal to the thickness of the transparent substrate 001 therebetween.
- the distance between the transflective film corresponding to the extended line segment m 1 of the first line segment M 1 and the transflective film corresponding to the extended line segment m 2 of the second line segment M 2 is equal to the thickness h of G 2 .
- an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an optical display module.
- the optical display module comprises a beam expanding structure 401 as described above, a laser light source, a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) micro-mirror 402 and a stacked array of waveguide structures 403 .
- the MEMS micro-mirror 402 may be configured for transforming a light beam emitted from the laser light source into a scanning light beam with image information, and enabling the scanning light beam to be emitted out onto the beam expanding structure.
- the beam expanding structure 401 may be configured for expanding the received scanning light beam in a first dimension and then converging the expanded scanning light beam onto the stacked array of waveguide structures 403 .
- the beam expanding structure 401 may expand the scanning light beam in the x-y plane.
- the stacked array of waveguide structures 403 may be configured for expanding the expanded scanning light beam further in a second dimension.
- the stacked array of waveguide structures 403 may expand the scanning light beam further in the x-z plane.
- the optical display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure may further comprise a reflector 404 located in a light path between the MEMS micro-mirror 402 and the beam expanding structure 401 , wherein the reflector 404 may be used for reflecting the scanning light beam onto the beam expanding structure 401 . In this way, it is easy to reduce the distance between the MEMS micro-mirror 402 and the beam expanding structure 401 .
- Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a beam expanding structure and an optical display module.
- the beam expanding structure comprises a plurality of transparent substrates in a stacked arrangement, wherein each of the transparent substrates comprises a first reflective area and a second transflective area.
- an incident light beam is reflected to the second area of a transparent substrate disposed at back or downstream.
- the second area of a transparent substrate disposed at back or downstream and the second area of a transparent substrate disposed in front in cooperative with each other, expansion of the incident light beam is accomplished.
- a scanning light beam emitted out from the MEMS micro-mirror may be used as the incident light beam, thereby being benefit to the combination of the MEMS micro-mirror and the stacked array of waveguide structures, and in turn being helpful to lighten and thin the optical display module and obtain a compact optical display module.
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Abstract
Description
- The present application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application No. 201710693448.X filed on Aug. 14, 2017, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
- The present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular, to a beam expanding structure and an optical display module.
- Optical display module companies with Lumus as representative have developed an augmented reality optical system based on a stacked array of waveguide structures, wherein a light beam is expanded by the stacked array of waveguide structures in one dimension, whereas in another dimension, an eyepiece with a relatively large aperture is employed to implement transformation of a point-source image of a two-dimensional pixelated image source into a quasi-parallel light beam, thereby ensuring a reasonable exit pupil. However, volumes of the eyepiece and the image source impose extreme limitations on lightening and thinning of the optical display module.
- A microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device (e.g., a MEMS micro-mirror) is a new type of control device for light beams, which allows an angular deflection of a light beam around a fixed point and has characteristics such as being compact. Thereby, it has become a display device which has a promising application prospect. Moreover, the scanning light beam emitted from a MEMS micro-mirror is approximately parallel light, which is close to fulfill the requirements for the stacked array of waveguide structures. Therefore, with a combination of the MEMS micro-mirror and the stacked array of waveguide structures, it is easy to lighten and thin the optical display module. However, since the scanning light beam emitted from the MEMS micro-mirror is relatively narrow, there will be problems, such as being difficult for observation when it is directly applied in the stacked array of waveguide structures.
- In view of above, how to expand scanning light beams emitted from MEMS micro-mirrors in width and then facilitate its combination with the stacked array of waveguide structure, thereby lightening and thinning the optical display module, is one of those technical problems that is required to be solved urgently at present by those skilled in the art.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a beam expanding structure. Specifically, the beam expanding structure comprises a plurality of transparent substrates in a stacked arrangement. Each transparent substrate comprises a first area that is reflective and a second area that is transflective. The first area of each transparent substrate is configured to reflect a light beam incident thereon to the second area of one or more transparent substrate at downstream. Further, the second area of each transparent substrate is configured to transmit part of a light beam received from one or more transparent substrate at upstream to an observation point, while reflecting rest of the light beam received from the one or more transparent substrate at upstream back to one or more transparent substrate at upstream. In addition, the second area of each transparent substrate is further configured to at least partially reflect a light beam received from one or more transparent substrate at downstream back to one or more transparent substrate at downstream.
- According to a possible implementation, in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first area of each transparent substrate is configured for receiving a respective part of an incident light beam from a light source.
- According to a possible implementation, in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first area and the second area of each transparent substrate are both formed on a side of the transparent substrate facing an adjacent transparent substrate at downstream.
- According to a possible implementation, in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of transparent substrates, the first area of each transparent substrate has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, wherein the first end of the first area is configured to receive a starting boundary ray of light in part of the incident light beam for the transparent substrate, and the second end of the first area is configured to receive an ending boundary ray of light in that part of the incident light beam for the transparent substrate.
- According to a possible implementation, in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of transparent substrates, the second area of each transparent substrate has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, wherein the first end of the second area is configured to receive light reflected from the first end of the first area of one or more transparent substrate at upstream, and the second end of the second area is configured to receive light reflected from the second end of the first area of one or more transparent substrate at upstream.
- According to a possible implementation, in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, for each of the transparent substrates, the distance between the first end and the second end of the second area is at least four times as large as the distance between the first end and the second end of the first area.
- According to a possible implementation, in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first area of each transparent substrate comprises a reflective film.
- According to a possible implementation, in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second area of each transparent substrate comprises a transflective film.
- According to a possible implementation, in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first area and the second area of each transparent substrate are in contact with each other.
- According to a possible implementation, in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the transparent substrates comprise a glass substrate.
- An embodiment of the disclosure further provides an optical display module. To be specific, the optical display module comprises: a beam expanding structure as described above, a laser light source, a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) micro-mirror and a stacked array of waveguide structures. Further, the MEMS micro-mirror is configured for transforming a light beam emitted from the laser light source into a scanning light beam with image information, and enabling the scanning light beam to be emitted out onto the beam expanding structure. In addition, the beam expanding structure is configured for expanding the scanning light beam in a first dimension, and for converging the expanded scanning light beam onto the stacked array of waveguide structures. Further, the stacked array of waveguide structures is configured for expanding the expanded scanning light beam in a second dimension.
- According to a possible implementation, the optical display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure further comprises: a reflector located in a light path between the MEMS micro-mirror and the beam expanding structure. Specifically, the reflector is configured for reflecting the scanning light beam onto the beam expanding structure.
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FIG. 1a andFIG. 1b are structural diagrams of a beam expanding structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 2 is a schematic design diagram of a beam expanding structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a scanning light beam emitted from a MEMS micro-mirror according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and -
FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of an optical display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. - In the following, specific implementations of the beam expanding structure and the optical display module provided by embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail in connection with the drawings. It should be noted that, the embodiments described herein are just part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments described herein, all the other embodiments, obtained by those of ordinary skills in the art under the premise of not paying out creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a beam expanding structure. As shown in
FIG. 1a andFIG. 1b , the beam expanding structure specifically comprises: a plurality oftransparent substrates 001 disposed in order from left to right. That is, the plurality oftransparent substrates 001 is in a stacked arrangement. Eachtransparent substrate 001 comprises a firstreflective area 101 and a secondtransflective area 102. Such a beam expanding structure can implement expansion of an incident light beam in one dimension. For example, inFIG. 1b , different parts of an incident light beam may be incident from the bottom of eachtransparent substrates 001, and eventually emitted out from the right side of the whole beam expanding structure after several times of reflection or transmission. In view of this, it can be seen that in an optical propagation path, relative to the leftmost transparent substrate G1, the transparent substrates G2, G3, G4, G5 disposed on the right side are all in a downstream position. Similarly, as compared with the rightmost transparent substrate G5, the transparent substrates G4, G3, G2, G1 disposed on the left side are all in an upstream position. In this context, expressions such as “upstream” and “downstream” are used to illustrate a specific position of various optical components, which should be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Further, as shown inFIG. 2 , thefirst area 101 of an individualtransparent substrate 001 disposed in front or at upstream is configured for reflecting an incident light beam onto thesecond area 102 of one or moretransparent substrates 001 disposed at back or at downstream. Further, thesecond area 102 of an individualtransparent substrate 001 disposed at back or downstream is configured for transmitting part of the received incident light beam to an area where the observation point B is located, and in the meanwhile, reflecting the remaining part of the received incident light beam to thesecond area 102 of one or moretransparent substrates 001 disposed in front or at upstream. In addition, thesecond area 102 of an individualtransparent substrate 001 disposed in front or at upstream is configured for at least partially reflecting the received incident light beam, which is reflected by the second area of one or more transparent substrates disposed at back or downstream, to thesecond area 102 of one or moretransparent substrates 001 disposed at back or downstream. - Again, it is worth noting that, as similar to the terms such as “upstream” and “downstream” employed above, in embodiments of the present disclosure, expressions such as “disposed in front” and “disposed at back” refer to a relative positioning between various
transparent substrates 001. For example, a firsttransparent substrate 001 on the far left is disposed in front relative to a secondtransparent substrate 001 on its right side, whereas the secondtransparent substrate 001 is disposed at back relative to the firsttransparent substrate 001. - In addition, since the
second area 102 of an individualtransparent substrate 001 has a reflection function and a transmission function simultaneously, incident light may be transmitted and reflected thereon, as long as it illuminates thesecond area 102 of the individualtransparent substrate 001. - In the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, by using the
first area 101 of an individualtransparent substrate 001 disposed in front or at upstream to reflect an incident light beam to thesecond area 102 of one or moretransparent substrates 001 disposed at back or downstream, and by rendering thesecond area 102 of an individualtransparent substrate 001 disposed at back or downstream and thesecond area 102 of an individualtransparent substrate 001 disposed in front or at upstream to cooperate with each other, expansion of the incident light beam is accomplished. In addition, in an actual application, a scanning light beam emitted out from the MEMS micro-mirror may be used as the incident light beam. Specifically,FIG. 3 shows a scanning light beam emitted out from the MEMS micro-mirror. As can be seen, the MEMS micro-mirror converts the incident light s into a scanning light beam. Suppose that the axis center A of the MEMS micro-mirror is located at the coordinate origin o, the scanning light beam outputted by the MEMS micro-mirror in the xoy plane will be located in the range of a degrees on both sides of the y-axis. With combination of the beam expanding structure, the MEMS micro-mirror and the stacked array of waveguide structures, it is easy to lighten and thin the optical display module, thus obtaining a compact optical display module. - It should be noted that in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the disclosure, the
first area 101 and thesecond area 102 of eachtransparent substrate 001 may not only be located on the same side of thetransparent substrate 001 simultaneously, but also disposed on two opposite sides of thetransparent substrate 001 respectively, which will not be defined here. - In addition, to facilitate description of the
first area 101 and thesecond area 102 of eachtransparent substrate 001,FIG. 1b shows a schematic diagram of varioustransparent substrates 001 in the beam expanding structure before they are fit to each other. In an actual application, the varioustransparent substrates 001 fit closely. - According to a specific embodiment, in order to implement maximum expansion of an incident light beam, in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, each part of the incident light beam is reflected on the
first area 101 of a respectivetransparent substrate 001. In other words, each part of the incident light beam is in a one-to-one correspondence with thefirst area 101 of onetransparent substrate 001, and is reflected on thefirst area 101 of the correspondingtransparent substrate 001. Optionally, to facilitate design of the beam expanding structure, in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, in different parts of the incident light beam corresponding to thefirst areas 101 of differenttransparent substrates 001 respectively, the angle between the starting boundary ray of light and the ending boundary ray of light is identical. Of course, according to a specific embodiment, in different parts of the incident light beam corresponding to thefirst areas 101 of differenttransparent substrates 001 respectively, the angle between the starting boundary ray of light and the ending boundary ray of light may also not be identical, and the present disclosure is not limited in this regard. - According to a specific embodiment, in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
first area 101 of the firsttransparent substrate 001 disposed at the most upstream has a first end b1 and a second end t1 which are opposite to each other. As shown inFIG. 1b , the first end b1 and the second end t1 are two ends of the first transparent substrate G1 in a vertical direction. In this case, the arrangement direction of the plurality oftransparent substrates 001 is in the horizontal direction, i.e., being perpendicular to the vertical direction. Further, with reference toFIG. 2 , the first end b1 of thefirst area 101 may receive the starting boundary ray of light i1 in part of the incident light beam (i.e., the part between the boundary rays of light i1 and i2) for the transparent substrate, whereas the second end t1 of thefirst area 101 may receive the ending boundary ray of light i2 in that part of the incident light beam for the transparent substrate. - Similarly, according to other embodiments, with respect to the two ends of a transparent substrate G2 disposed at downstream of the first transparent substrate G1, namely, the first end b2 and the second end t2, they may be configured in the same way. In other words, the first end b2 may receive the boundary ray of light i2, and the second end t2 may receive the boundary ray of light i3. For the two ends of other
transparent substrates 001, they may be set in a similar way, and the present disclosure will not be repeated any longer in this regard. Based on the same consideration, and with continued reference toFIG. 2 , thesecond area 102 of eachtransparent substrate 001 also has opposite first end t2 (which may coincide with the second end of the first area 101) and second end m2. In particular, the first end t2 of thesecond area 102 may receive light reflected from the first end b1 of thefirst area 101 of one or moretransparent substrate 001 at upstream, whereas the second end m2 of thesecond area 102 may receive light reflected from the second end t1 of thefirst area 101 of one or moretransparent substrate 001 at upstream. - With respect to specific design procedures of the two ends of the
first area 101 and thesecond area 102 in eachtransparent substrate 001, it will be further described in detail in the following. According to a specific embodiment, in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, thefirst area 101 of eachtransparent substrate 001 may comprise a reflective film. Accordingly, thesecond area 102 of eachtransparent substrate 001 may comprise a transflective film. Thus, corresponding functions of thefirst area 101 and thesecond area 102 for eachtransparent substrate 001 may be implemented. - Accordingly, in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the distance between two adjacent reflective films is equal to the thickness of the
transparent substrate 001 located between these two adjacent reflective films. Similarly, the distance between two adjacent transflective films is equal to the thickness of thetransparent substrate 001 located between these two adjacent transflective films. - According to a specific embodiment, in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the distance between the two ends t2 and m2 of the
second area 102 in eachtransparent substrate 001 is at least four times as large as the distance between the two ends b1 and t1 of thefirst area 101. In this way, the incident light beam will be reflected at least twice on thesecond area 102 of eachtransparent substrate 001, thereby being beneficial to the expansion of the incident light beam. - According to a specific embodiment, in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
first area 101 and thesecond area 102 of eachtransparent substrate 001 are in contact with each other. Using such a disposition, all the rays of light in the incident light beam may be expanded by means of thesecond areas 102 of thetransparent substrates 001. - According to a specific embodiment, in the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
transparent substrates 001 may be a glass substrate. - Apparently, the
transparent substrates 001 may also be other substrates well known to the skilled in the art, for example, a plastic substrate, which have a good light-transmissive effect, and the present disclosure is not limited in this regard. - To better illustrate the technical solution of the present disclosure, in the following, a scanning light beam emitted out from the MEMS micro-mirror will be used as the incident light beam, and the design principle and specific implementation of the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail.
- In particular, as shown in
FIG. 2 , a design diagram of the beam expanding structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. A scanning light beam from the MEMS micro-mirror is successively divided into five sub-scanning light beams, and the scanning range of each sub-scanning light beam is identical, namely, is β degrees. In addition, for the sake of convenience, boundaries of these sub-scanning light beams are shown to be rays of light i1, i2, i3, i4, i5 and i6, respectively. - Next, the design principle for the beam expanding structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to
FIG. 2 . - First of all, the position of a first section M1 corresponding to a sub-scanning light beam encircled by the ray of light i1 and the ray of light i2 is determined. In particular, positions of the axis center A of the MEMS micro-mirror and the observation point B are determined; the perpendicular bisector L2 of a connection line L1 between the axis center A of the MEMS micro-mirror and the observation point B is constructed; the intersection point t1 between the perpendicular bisector L2 and the ray of light i2 is determined; and a straight line perpendicular to the perpendicular bisector L2 is drawn, wherein the intersection point t1 is used as the pedal, such that the straight line intersects the ray of light i1 at point b1. Thereby, the intersection point b1 and the intersection point t1 are the two end points of the first line segment M1 (corresponding to the boundary of the first area of the first transparent substrate).
- Further, the position of a second line segment M2 (corresponding to the boundary of the first area of the second transparent substrate) corresponding to a sub-scanning light beam encircled by the ray of light i2 and the ray of light i3 is determined. In particular, the intersection point t2 between the reflected ray of light r1 for the ray of light i1 after it is reflected by the main reflection area M1 and the ray of light i3 is determined; and a normal line of the perpendicular bisector L2 is drawn crossing the intersection point t2, such that the perpendicular line intersects the light ray of i2 at point b2. Thereby, the intersection point b2 and the intersection point t2 are the two end points of the second line segment M2. It can be seen that the second line segment M2 is parallel to the first line segment M1.
- Afterwards, using a method similar to that for determining position of the second line segment M2, positions of various line segments corresponding to sub-scanning light beams encircled by the ray of light i2 and the ray of light i3, the ray of light i3 and the ray of light i4, as well as the ray of light i4 and the ray of light i5 respectively, may be determined.
- Those
transparent substrates 001, which are in a one-to-one correspondence with the above five sub-scanning light beams, are denoted as G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5, respectively. As shown inFIG. 1a , the first line segment M1 is an orthographic projection of thefirst area 101 of G1 on the boundary j1, and the second line segment M2 is an orthographic projection of thefirst area 101 of G2 on the boundary j2. Similarly, orthographic projections of thefirst area 101 of G3, thefirst area 101 of G4 and thefirst area 101 of G5, on the boundaries may be determined respectively. - Optionally, the distance between the two ends of the second area may be set to be at least four times as large as the distance between the two ends of the first area, such that each sub-scanning light beam may be reflected at least twice on the second area of a corresponding
transparent substrate 001. For example, the length of the second section extending from the end point t1 is at least four times as large as the length of the first line segment M1, and the extended line segment m1 of the second section is just the orthographic projection of thesecond area 102 of G1 on the boundary j1.FIG. 2 shows a light path diagram for the ray of light i2 after being reflected twice on the extended line segment m1. - The
first area 101 of G1 corresponding to the first line segment M1 may comprise a reflective film, and thesecond area 102 of G1 corresponding to the extended line segment m1 may comprise a transflective film. - The thickness h is selected to be equal to the distance between the first line segment M1 and the second line segment M2, as shown in
FIG. 1b . In addition, using a method similar to that for implementing the reflective film and the transflective film of G1, the reflective films and the transflective films of G2, G3, G4 and G5 may be implemented respectively. - The individual
transparent substrates 001 are successively adhered together in the order of G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5, and surfaces of the individualtransparent substrates 001 provided with the reflective films and the transflective films are designed to face toward the same side. In this case, the distance between two adjacent reflective films is equal to the thickness of thetransparent substrate 001 therebetween. For example, the distance between the reflective film corresponding to the first line segment M1 and the reflective film corresponding to the second line segment M2 is equal to the thickness h of G2. Likewise, the distance between two adjacent transflective films is also equal to the thickness of thetransparent substrate 001 therebetween. - For example, the distance between the transflective film corresponding to the extended line segment m1 of the first line segment M1 and the transflective film corresponding to the extended line segment m2 of the second line segment M2 is equal to the thickness h of G2.
- Based on the same concept, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an optical display module. As shown in
FIG. 4 , the optical display module comprises abeam expanding structure 401 as described above, a laser light source, a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) micro-mirror 402 and a stacked array ofwaveguide structures 403. In particular, the MEMS micro-mirror 402 may be configured for transforming a light beam emitted from the laser light source into a scanning light beam with image information, and enabling the scanning light beam to be emitted out onto the beam expanding structure. In addition, thebeam expanding structure 401 may be configured for expanding the received scanning light beam in a first dimension and then converging the expanded scanning light beam onto the stacked array ofwaveguide structures 403. In particular, thebeam expanding structure 401 may expand the scanning light beam in the x-y plane. Further, the stacked array ofwaveguide structures 403 may be configured for expanding the expanded scanning light beam further in a second dimension. In particular, the stacked array ofwaveguide structures 403 may expand the scanning light beam further in the x-z plane. - As can be seen from the above description, by using the
beam expanding structure 401 and the stacked array ofwaveguide structures 403, expansion of the scanning light beam in two dimensions may be accomplished jointly. In this way, the goal of expanding a thin light beam emitted out from the MEMS micro-mirror is achieved, thereby being benefit to the observation of an observer. - According to a specific embodiment, as shown in
FIG. 4 , the optical display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure may further comprise areflector 404 located in a light path between theMEMS micro-mirror 402 and thebeam expanding structure 401, wherein thereflector 404 may be used for reflecting the scanning light beam onto thebeam expanding structure 401. In this way, it is easy to reduce the distance between theMEMS micro-mirror 402 and thebeam expanding structure 401. - Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a beam expanding structure and an optical display module. The beam expanding structure comprises a plurality of transparent substrates in a stacked arrangement, wherein each of the transparent substrates comprises a first reflective area and a second transflective area. By using the first area of a transparent substrate disposed in front or at upstream, an incident light beam is reflected to the second area of a transparent substrate disposed at back or downstream. Further, by using the second area of a transparent substrate disposed at back or downstream and the second area of a transparent substrate disposed in front in cooperative with each other, expansion of the incident light beam is accomplished. In an actual application, a scanning light beam emitted out from the MEMS micro-mirror may be used as the incident light beam, thereby being benefit to the combination of the MEMS micro-mirror and the stacked array of waveguide structures, and in turn being helpful to lighten and thin the optical display module and obtain a compact optical display module.
- It should be noted that in this context, relational terms such as first, second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and does not necessarily require or imply there is any such an actual relation or order between these entities or operations.
- Clearly, various modifications and variations may be made to the present disclosure by the skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. As such, the present disclosure is also intended to include all these modifications and variations, if the modifications and variations of the present disclosure pertain to the protection scope of the claims of the present disclosure and the equivalence thereof.
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