US20190021774A1 - Condylar Fracture Fixation System - Google Patents
Condylar Fracture Fixation System Download PDFInfo
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- US20190021774A1 US20190021774A1 US16/137,592 US201816137592A US2019021774A1 US 20190021774 A1 US20190021774 A1 US 20190021774A1 US 201816137592 A US201816137592 A US 201816137592A US 2019021774 A1 US2019021774 A1 US 2019021774A1
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- fixation system
- fracture fixation
- nuts
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- rod
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/683—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin comprising bone transfixation elements, e.g. bolt with a distal cooperating element such as a nut
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/72—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
- A61B17/7233—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/72—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
- A61B17/7233—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone
- A61B17/725—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone with locking pins or screws of special form
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/74—Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur
- A61B17/742—Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur having one or more longitudinal elements oriented along or parallel to the axis of the neck
- A61B17/744—Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur having one or more longitudinal elements oriented along or parallel to the axis of the neck the longitudinal elements coupled to an intramedullary nail
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- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
- A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
- A61B17/8665—Nuts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
- A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
- A61B17/8685—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor comprising multiple separate parts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
- A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
- A61B17/8695—Washers
Abstract
Description
- The present application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/640,456, filed on Mar. 6, 2015, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
- The present invention relates to a supra condylar intramedullary nail for the femur. More particularly it relates to an intramedullary nail using a novel condylus screw having two threaded nuts or two nuts having a ratchet system and a flexible washer mounted on the nuts.
- In treating a femoral fracture, it is standard practice to use a fixation device adapted to facilitate recovery of the fractured bone. The fixation device provides immobilization of the bone fragments and stabilization of the fractured femur, thus providing earlier mobilization and weight bearing of a patient. The fixation device is attached to or inserted into the femur and cooperates with the bone fragments and the femoral shaft to stabilize the bone. As the bone heals, the fixation device allows the bone fragments to compress into each other so the fragments grow together to restore the bone.
- Two prevalent types of femoral fractures are supracondylar or “T-type” condylar fractures about the distal femur. A number of different fixation devices, both external and implantable, have been devised for fixation of supracondylar and condylar fractures. In the past, treatment of condylar or supracondylar fractures consisted of stabilizing the bone portions with plates and screws. However, in using plates and screws, invasive surgery is required and includes considerable dissection of the thigh in order to expose the fracture so as to attach the plates and screws. The resultant devasculariztion of the distal portion of the femur has lead to a high frequency of complications of delayed union of the bone sections, osseous fracture and infection. Additionally, due to the muscular stresses in the region of the condylus and supracondylus, the treatment may involve undesirable post-operative procedures and complications including the bending or breaking of the plates, loosening of the screws and migration of the femoral shaft.
- Intramedullary (IM) nailing has become a standard procedure for treating supracondylar and condylar fractures. In its basic form, IM nailing consists of driving a rod-like nail into the intramedullary bone canal of the femur to stabilize transverse fractures of the femur. To further stabilize the bone fragments interlocking cross-bolts or screws through the nail that are fixed on both sides of the fracture are used.
- Known IM nails have been designed for treatment of condylar and supracondylar fractures. U.S. Pat. No. 6,010,505 Asche et al., the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety, discloses an intramedullary device having an IM nail and interlocking bolts or screws to grip and stabilize the femoral condyles with respect to the femoral shaft.
- In Femoral fractures involving the femoral condyles (e.g. T-condylar Fractures), an IM nail is currently used in combination with a Stryker Trauma T2 condyle screw (shown in
FIG. 1A (prior art)) in order to realign, compress and fix the femoral condyle fracture fragments. The existing condyle screw system consists of one 5 mm diameter screw with a first pre-assembled 15 mm diameter washer at the level of the screw head (the washer position is fixed to the screw adjacent the head in a manner in such that it is free to rotate in all directions). A second nut with a pre-assembled 15 mm diameter washer mounted thereon can threadably engage threads on the end of the screw opposite the head, (the washer position is fixed to the nut, but again, it is free to rotate in all directions). - In the prior art design once the screw is completely inserted into the bone medially, the nut is then screwed onto the screw laterally, a compression force will be generated between the washer and the bone cortex from both sides (lateral and medial). This compression force fixes the bone fragments. All the components (screw, nut, washers) are preferably made out of a titanium alloy, preferably grade 5. When the prior art condyle screw is used on an irregular-shaped-surface of the distal femoral condyles, the washers might not properly adapt to the cortical surface. As a result, the washer might protrude out the bone surface and impinge to the biological tissue. The impingement may involve the knee joint cartilage surface, generating pain, inflammation or even damage to the tibial plate cartilage. Furthermore the procedure to compress the fragments is time-consuming since many screw turns need to be carried out in order to achieve the contact of both washers (from both sides) to the bone cortex.
- In the preset invention, a condylar fracture fixation system includes an intramedullary (IM) nail which, after insertion into the femur extends in a proximal-distal direction. A condylar screw system includes a longitudinally extending rod which has first and second ends with each end having outwardly extending threads or ridges. The rod extends along a first longitudinal axis extending in a medial-lateral direction when inserted through the femoral condyles and the IM nail.
- A first and second nut each having first and second ends are provided. The second end of each nut has an opening for respectively receiving the first and second ends of the rod. The second end of the first and second nuts include threads or ridges extending radially inward into an opening in each nut. The inwardly extending threads or ridges of the first and second nuts respectively engaging the outwardly extending threads or ridges of the rod first and second ends. Preferably the first end of each nut is a cylindrical body having two, three or over four legs extending towards the second end of each nut. At least two of the legs have threads or ridges extending into the opening of each nut.
- A flexible washer engages the first end of the first and second nuts. Like the prior art screw, the washers are axially fixed to each nut in a manner which permits rotation about the rod longitudinal axis. The radially outwardly extending threads of the first and second rod ends may be formed as a helical thread. The radially inwardly extending threads of the first and second nuts may also be formed as helical threads. The flexible washer and nut may be a one-piece construct or may be separate but connected in a manner which allows the washer to rotate around the axis of the nut. This may be accomplished by allowing the washer to snap into a circumferential groove formed at the outer surface of the first end of the nut. The nut and washer may be made of a material selected from the group consisting of a polymeric material, titanium, a titanium alloy and stainless steel. The flexible washer may be made of metal (Titanium) having a thickness of 1 to 3 mm.
- The first and second nuts preferably have a body portion at the first end with a plurality of legs extending outwardly therefrom towards the second end. The legs surround a central opening for receiving the threaded rod. The ridges or threads are located on inner surfaces of the legs. The nut body portion may be threaded into the threaded rod or if ridges are present, or may be moved axially onto the rod without rotation since the two, three or four legs are designed to flex outwardly. Thus the nuts can slide over the threads or ridges on each end of the nail for example, as in a ratchet system. The flexible or bendable washer may be non-circular such as having two diametrically opposed oval positions similar to a pair of oval opposed petals of a flower or leafs of a plant, or a two-blade propeller on a plane. Two opposed pairs are preferred since minimum coverage of the bone is preferred and using three or four “leafs” large enough to be effective teaches away from the medical need of “minimum coverage” at the condlyes. Both washers, petal, and leaf portions are bendable by hand or with a hand tool so that the surgeon can form-fit them to the patient condyles.
- One important aspect of this design is, that the washer surface is reduced to a minimum so it covers the bone only where needed and does not protrude outwardly.
- The nut can have a body portion and the washer could be one piece construct manufactured as a molded plastic part, however, although a snap-filled metal washer (Titanium) is preferred.
- If a one-part nut washer would be applied then the connection between the washer opposed oval petals or leafs and the washer body would be preferably made by injection moulding of plastic and alternatively laser welding or glueing of metal.
- Alternatively a two-part nut washer could also be formed by a cirmcumferential groove on the washer body so that a washer with two opposed petals or propeller wings can be clamped onto the
washer body portion 38. This is how the prior art T2 Condyle Washer is assembled. - Alternatively the condylar fracture fixation system may not include an IM nail but also have a longitudinally medially-laterally extending rod having first and second ends. The first and second ends each having a plurality of radially outwardly extending protrusions such as ridges or threads. First and second nuts are provided with each nut having a hollow interior open portion having an open free end for respectively receiving the first and second ends of the rod. The interior portion of the first and second nuts having a plurality of recesses for receiving the outwardly extending protrusions on the first and second ends of the rod. A flexible washer is mounted on an end of each of the first and second nuts opposite the open end.
-
FIG. 1 is an elevation view of the rod of the present invention having a pair of threaded ends; -
FIG. 1A is an isometric view of the prior art condylar screw having a nut, washer and a single threaded end; -
FIG. 2 is a top view of the washer and nut combination of the present invention; -
FIG. 2A is a top view of the washer and nut combination ofFIG. 2 showing the rotatability of two flexible portions mounted on the washer of the present invention; -
FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view ofFIG. 2A alonglines 2B-2B showing the washer with the flexible washer portions rotatably mounted in a groove in the washer body; -
FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view similar to that ofFIG. 2B , but with the flexible washer portions integrally formed on the nut body such by injection molding; -
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the washer and nut combination ofFIG. 2 with flexible titanium washers welded onto the nut body; -
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a pair of nuts including the washers as shown inFIGS. 2 and 3 pressed or threaded onto the threaded ends of the rod ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 5 shows the two nut/washer combination elements fully seated on the threaded ends of the rod ofFIG. 1 compressing a condylar fracture in a femur; -
FIG. 6 shows an isometric view of a distal femur with the condylar screw of the present invention compressing a condylar fracture; -
FIG. 7 is an elevation view of the prior art condylar screw ofFIG. 1A showing the possible fracture compression distance Δx; and -
FIG. 8 shows the possible fracture compression distance 2Δx with the condylar screw of the present invention. - Referring to
FIG. 1 there is shown a threaded rod generally denoted as 10 having a first and second threadedend Rod 10 can be of any length in diameter typically being a 5 mm diameter rod with a variety of lengths.Rod 10 forms the shaft of a condylar screw used to compress fractures of the distal femur. -
FIG. 1A shows a prior art condylar screw generally denoted as 10 a having ahead 11 a formed at a first end of ashaft 16 a, having a threadedend 14 a. Anut 17 a has internal threads adapted to threadably engagethreads 14 a onshaft 16 a.Nut 17 a includes anenlarged head portion 18 a. Awasher 20 a is attached to eachhead portion shaft 16 a.Washers 20 a are made of metal and are not easily deformable. - Referring to
FIGS. 2 and 3 , there is shown a nut 18 and washer 20 combination generally denoted as 30, which includes anut body portion 32 and twoflexible portions flexible washer portions nut 32, i.e. 180° apart. Three or four such petal-like flexible washer portions may be utilized spaced equidistantly around the circumference ofnut body 32.Nut body 32 includes asolid body portion 38 from which extends a plurality oflegs 40. Preferably, there are fourlegs 40 as shown inFIG. 3 , surrounding a hollow oropen interior 42 of nut andwasher 30 designed to receive a threaded ends 12, 14 ofrod 10.Legs 40 have inwardly extending ridges orthreads 44 which engage with the thread of threaded ends 12, 14. The washer andnut 30 may have two or three legs if desired.FIG. 3 shows a pair of titanium leafs or pedal-like washer portions welded to a titanium nut body. - Referring to
FIG. 2A , there is shown the nut washer combination ofFIG. 2 with twooval washer portions solid body portion 38 a. Also shown is ahex portion 39 a used to drive thenut body 32 a onto the threadedrod 10. -
FIG. 2B shows a cross-sectional view ofFIG. 2A alonglines 2B-2B with thenut body 32 including agroove 35 for receiving inner ends ofwasher portions portions circumferential groove 35. At least a major portion of thecircumferential groove 35 extends around the nutsolid body portion 38 a. The ring may act as a snap ring by having part of the ring-like portion open so that the open portion may be elastically made larger to fit and snap into thegroove 35. Since the elastic deformation is resilient, the ring will snap into position, thus holdingportions nut body 32 a, but allowing the rotation thereof around the circumference of the preferablycylindrical nut body 32 a. Preferably, thegroove 35 is formed in thesolid body portion 38 a intermediate thedrive portion 39 a and thelegs 40 a. - Referring to
FIG. 2C , there is shown anut 32 b having asolid body portion 38 b, adrive portion 39 b,legs 40 b and a pair of integrally formedwasher portions Washer portions nut body 32 b. This embodiment may be made of a polymer such as PEEK (polyetheretherketone).FIG. 3 shows atitanium nut 32 with a pair of titaniumflexible portions solid body portion 38. Obviously, theflexible portions nut 32 in this embodiment. -
Flexible washer portions solid body portion 38 by a snap fit connection. In the preferred embodiment, thewasher portions legs 40 are separated byslots 50, which are approximately 1 mm wide and 4 mm long.Legs 40 are approximately 1 mm thick and are able to flex outwardly upon engagement between teeth orridges 42 and the threaded ends 12, 14 ofrod 10. Whileridges 42 may be concentric parallel protrusions extending into the hollow interior ofnut 30, such could be formed as helical threads. - Referring to
FIGS. 4 and 5 , there is shown the method of using the condylar fixation system of the present invention which includes insertingrod 10 into the distal femur denoted as 100 across the medial andlateral condyles fracture 106 occurs at theinter-condylar notch area 108 and extends proximally and laterally to themedial condyle area 110. - As shown in
FIG. 4 , the pair of nuts andflexible portions 36 may be inserted from the medial and lateral sides of the distal femur into engagement with the threadedportions rod 10. This may be done by applying an axial force as shown inFIGS. 4 and 5 pushingnuts 32 andflexible portions 30 onto the threaded ends ofrod 10. Alternately, if the ends ofrod 10 and theprotrusions 44 ofnut legs 40 are helical threads, nut andflexible portions 30 may be screwed onto position as a typical nut. - Referring to
FIG. 5 , there is shown nuts/flexible portions 30 in the seated position withlegs 40 fully engaging threadedportions rod 10. In this position,oval washer portions condyles Oval washer portions nut body 32 in such a manner that they may rotate about the central axes of the nut but are fixed axially. Thus they may be positioned in any circumferential orientation which allowsoval portions FIG. 6 with the condylar screw of the presentinvention compressing fracture 106. - Referring to
FIGS. 7 and 8 , there is shown a comparison of the compression range of the use of twonuts 30 on a threadedrod 10 of the present invention instead of a single screw as shown inFIGS. 1A and 7 . The use of a pair ofnuts 32 doubles the compression range Δx ofFIG. 7 to 2Δx ofFIG. 8 . As a result the condylar screw of the present invention will reduce the number of different screw lengths needed to be kept in inventory while ensuring the same working range. - The device of the present invention may be used for fracture stabilization in general where compression between implant and bone is desired. For example, the device can be used in the proximal humerus for small fragments, osteoporosis and where there is a relatively thin cortex where a washer is beneficial; the radius/ulna; the pelvis in the sacroiliac joint; the proximal and distal tibia; and the foot in the calcaneous and charcot plate
- Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (20)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US16/137,592 US10792082B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2018-09-21 | Condylar fracture fixation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US14/640,456 US10085781B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2015-03-06 | Condylar fracture fixation system |
US16/137,592 US10792082B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2018-09-21 | Condylar fracture fixation system |
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US14/640,456 Continuation US10085781B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2015-03-06 | Condylar fracture fixation system |
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US20190021774A1 true US20190021774A1 (en) | 2019-01-24 |
US10792082B2 US10792082B2 (en) | 2020-10-06 |
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US16/137,592 Active 2035-06-10 US10792082B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2018-09-21 | Condylar fracture fixation system |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US10085781B2 (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2018-10-02 | Stryker European Holdings I, Llc | Condylar fracture fixation system |
US11350976B2 (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2022-06-07 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | System and method for treating a bone |
CN113143430A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-23 | 杨琳敏 | Humerus proximal elbow joint fracture reduction fixing method of interlocking intramedullary double-long steel bar |
US11478277B2 (en) | 2020-03-11 | 2022-10-25 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Compression nut and a system for treating a bone |
US11471200B2 (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2022-10-18 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Compression nut, a system and a method for treating a bone |
US11553948B2 (en) | 2021-05-20 | 2023-01-17 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Bone fixation devices, systems, and methods |
Citations (4)
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US10085781B2 (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2018-10-02 | Stryker European Holdings I, Llc | Condylar fracture fixation system |
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2015
- 2015-03-06 US US14/640,456 patent/US10085781B2/en active Active
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2016
- 2016-02-29 WO PCT/US2016/020040 patent/WO2016144589A1/en active Application Filing
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US2489870A (en) * | 1946-03-02 | 1949-11-29 | Dzus William | Bone fastening device |
US20040122428A1 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2004-06-24 | Alan Johnstone | Bone fixture apparatus and jig |
US20070255315A1 (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2007-11-01 | Damage Control Surgical Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for solid organ tissue approximation |
US10085781B2 (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2018-10-02 | Stryker European Holdings I, Llc | Condylar fracture fixation system |
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US20160256207A1 (en) | 2016-09-08 |
WO2016144589A1 (en) | 2016-09-15 |
US10085781B2 (en) | 2018-10-02 |
EP3253310B1 (en) | 2020-12-09 |
US10792082B2 (en) | 2020-10-06 |
EP3253310A1 (en) | 2017-12-13 |
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