US20180347364A1 - Small-scale combined heat and power generator using steam injector - Google Patents

Small-scale combined heat and power generator using steam injector Download PDF

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Publication number
US20180347364A1
US20180347364A1 US15/778,625 US201615778625A US2018347364A1 US 20180347364 A1 US20180347364 A1 US 20180347364A1 US 201615778625 A US201615778625 A US 201615778625A US 2018347364 A1 US2018347364 A1 US 2018347364A1
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steam
injector
small
power generator
combined heat
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US15/778,625
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Yong Joon Kwon
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/32—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with pressure velocity transformation exclusively in rotor, e.g. the rotor rotating under the influence of jets issuing from the rotor, e.g. Heron turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/003—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by packing rings; Mechanical seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/38—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating the engines being of turbine type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
    • F02C1/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly
    • F02C1/05—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly characterised by the type or source of heat, e.g. using nuclear or solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/80—Size or power range of the machines
    • F05D2250/82—Micromachines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
    • Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a small-scale combined heat and power generator using a steam injector with a small-scale heat source and, more particularly, to a small-scale combined heat and power generator in which, since reaction energy of a steam injection force from nozzles 106 of a rotatable disk-shaped steam injector, which has a plurality of nozzles configured to inject steam mounted thereon, is applied to the disk-shaped steam injector and then action energy of the injected steam which returns to a steam injection plate 107 adjacent thereto by performing a U-turn after colliding with a steam reflection inducing groove 108 installed to reflect the injected steam is also applied to the disk-shaped steam injector, a rotational force of the steam injector configured to generate power is doubled without a turbine.
  • thermal power generation has a method of heating water to generate steam with thermal energy gained by combusting coal, petroleum, or gas, and generating power from collision energy of a steam injection force caused by smashing the steam onto a blade of an impulse turbine. That is, most thermal power generation and nuclear power generation configured to apply an impulse to a steam turbine by smashing mass high pressure steam onto a whole blade of a steam turbine through a large nozzle and rotate the turbine with the impulse use an impulse steam turbine type which requires the mass high pressure steam.
  • the impulse steam turbine cannot simply and efficiently use small-scale steam from a small-scale heat source gained from biogas, biomass, combustible waste resources, or the like gained by fermenting livestock manure, food waste, or the like.
  • the present invention is directed to providing a small-scale combined heat and power generator using a steam injector, in which, since reaction energy of a steam injection force from nozzles ( 106 ) of a rotatable disk-shaped steam injector, which has a plurality of nozzles mounted thereon, is applied to the disk-shaped steam injector and then action energy of the injected steam which returns to a steam injection plate ( 107 ) adjacent thereto by performing a U-turn after colliding with a steam reflection inducing groove ( 108 ) installed to reflect the injected steam is also applied to the disk-shaped steam injector, a rotational force of the steam injector configured to generate power is doubled, and is directed to providing a small-scale combined heat and power generator configured to easily generate electric energy using a small-scale heat source gained from biogas, biomass, combustible waste resources, and the like which are small-scale heat sources.
  • One aspect of the present invention provides a small-scale combined heat and power generator ( 10 ) including a steam introduction pipe ( 102 ) into which steam is introduced; a disk-shaped steam injector body ( 104 ) rotatably installed on an end portion of the steam introduction pipe through a steam leakage prevention bearing assembly ( 103 ); a steam injection nozzle ( 106 ) mounted on an end portion of a steam injection path ( 105 ) connected to an outer circumferential surface of the body; a steam injection plate ( 107 ) mounted adjacent to the steam injection nozzle; a steam reflection inducing groove ( 108 ) installed to reflect steam injected onto the steam injection plate; a power generator ( 109 ) configured to generate power; and a heat exchanger ( 110 ) configured to produce hot water, wherein since reaction energy of a steam injection force from the nozzles ( 106 ) of a disk-shaped steam injector, which has a plurality of nozzles mounted thereon, is applied to the disk-shaped steam injector and then action energy of the
  • High pressure steam introduced into the rotating steam injector through the steam leakage prevention bearing assembly ( 103 ) may be prevented from leaking from a rotary shaft of the steam injector so that power generating efficiency of the steam injector may be maximized.
  • the path ( 105 ) may be elongated to be connected to the steam injector body ( 104 ) and a diameter of the disk-shaped steam injector may increase to secure the rotational force on the basis of a principle of a lever.
  • At least one steam injector may be horizontally installed in plural according to a generated amount of the steam to double the rotational force of the steam injector.
  • the steam injection path may be circularly streamlined and have the nozzle mounted on an end portion thereof to reduce air resistance and reduce loss of the rotational force so that the rotational force of the steam injector may be secured.
  • the small-scale combined heat and power generator using the steam injector of the present invention injects steam produced by a small-scale heat source through a plurality of nozzles 106 mounted on a disk-shaped steam injector body 104 and rotates the steam injector by a reaction force and an action force of a steam injection force to generate power, and is economical because electric energy is produced using small-scale steam from the small-scale heat source simply and effectively.
  • the small-scale combined heat and power generator using the steam injector of the present invention has a small-scale, and can be movably installed in all areas having a small-scale heat source such as biogas, biomass, waste incineration, and the like in each region including such areas, and thus electric energy can be produced in addition to protecting Earth's environment.
  • a small-scale heat source such as biogas, biomass, waste incineration, and the like
  • the small-scale combined heat and power generator using the steam injector of the present invention does not have a separate power generating turbine to gain the rotational force, production costs are low, a structure is simple, and thus maintenance is convenient.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a small-scale combined heat and power generator using a steam injector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main portion illustrating a steam injection plate 107 of the small-scale combined heat and power generator using the steam injector, and directions of steam, which is reflected after colliding with steam reflection inducing grooves 108 installed so that the injected steam is reflected after colliding with the steam reflection inducing grooves 108 .
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view and an enlarged view of a main portion of a steam leakage prevention bearing assembly of the steam injector.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view illustrating another embodiment of the present invention in which at least one steam injector is horizontally installed in plural according to a generated amount of steam.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating that a steam injection path is streamlined to reduce air resistance of the rotating steam injector.
  • a small-scale combined heat and power generator 10 using a steam injector includes a steam introduction pipe 102 into which steam is introduced; a disk-shaped steam injector body 104 rotatably installed on an end portion of the steam introduction pipe through a steam leakage prevention bearing assembly 103 ; a steam injection nozzle 106 mounted on an end portion of a steam injection path 105 connected to an outer circumferential surface of the body; a steam injection plate 107 mounted to be adjacent to the steam injection nozzle; steam reflection inducing grooves 108 installed to reflect steam injected onto the steam injection plate; a power generator 109 configured to generate power; and a heat exchanger 110 configured to produce hot water, wherein since reaction energy of a steam injection force from the nozzles 106 of the disk-shaped steam injector, which has a plurality of steam injection nozzles mounted thereon, is applied to the disk-shaped steam injector and then action energy of the injected steam which returns by performing a
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a small-scale combined heat and power generator using a steam injector according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main portion illustrating a steam injection plate 107 of the small-scale combined heat and power generator using the steam injector, and a direction of steam which is reflected after colliding with steam reflection inducing grooves 108 installed so that the injected steam is reflected after colliding with the steam reflection inducing grooves 108
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view and an enlarged view of a main portion of a steam leakage prevention bearing assembly of the steam injector.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view illustrating another embodiment of the present invention in which at least one steam injector is horizontally installed in plural according to a generated amount of steam.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating that a steam injection path is streamlined to reduce air resistance of the rotating steam injector.
  • the small-scale combined heat and power generator using the steam injector according to the present invention uses steam generated from a small-scale heat source which may not use a turbine due to a small scale thereof, and thus is implemented so that since reaction energy of a steam injection force from nozzles 106 of a disk-shaped steam injector, which has a plurality of steam injection nozzles mounted thereon, is applied to the disk-shaped steam injector and then action energy of the injected steam which returns by performing a U-turn after colliding with the steam reflection inducing grooves 108 of the steam injection plate 107 adjacent thereto is also applied to the disk-shaped steam injector, a rotational force of the steam injector is doubled without a turbine.
  • the small-scale combined heat and power generator 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a steam introduction pipe 102 into which steam is introduced, a disk-shaped steam injector body 104 rotatably installed on an end portion of the steam introduction pipe through a steam leakage prevention bearing assembly 103 , the steam injection nozzles 106 , which are each mounted on end portions of steam injection paths 105 connected to an outer circumferential surface of the body, the steam injection plate 107 mounted adjacent to the steam injection nozzles, the steam reflection inducing grooves 108 installed to reflect steam to the steam injection plate, a power generator 109 configured to generate power, a heat exchanger 110 configured to produce hot water, and the like.
  • High pressure steam introduced into the rotating steam injector through the steam leakage prevention bearing assembly 103 is prevented from leaking from a bearing of a rotary shaft so that power generating efficiency of the steam injector is maximized.
  • the steam injection nozzles 106 and the steam injection plate 107 of the steam injector are installed adjacent to each other, and the steam injected from the nozzles performs a U-turn so that the rotational force of the steam injector is maximized.
  • the paths 105 may be elongated to be connected to the steam injector body 104 and a diameter of the disk-shaped steam injector may increase to secure the rotational force on the basis of a principle of a lever.
  • At least one steam injector body 104 may be horizontally installed in plural according to a generated amount of the steam to double the rotational force of the steam injector.
  • the steam injection path is circularly streamlined and has the nozzle mounted on an end portion thereof to reduce air resistance and reduce loss of the rotational force so that the rotational force of the steam injector is secured.
  • the steam injector includes the steam injector body 104 rotatably installed on an end portion of the steam introduction pipe 102 and in which the high pressure steam is supplied to the paths through the steam leakage prevention bearing 103 , the plurality of steam injection paths 105 installed on an outer circumferential surface of the body 104 and linked therewith, and the plurality of steam injection nozzles 106 configured to inject the high pressure steam.
  • the paths and the nozzles installed on the outer circumferential surface of the steam injector body 104 may each be designed to have the number thereof, directions, and sizes to be variously changeable, and accordingly, a direction, a water amount, water pressure, and the like of the injected steam may be adjusted.
  • the nozzles provided on the steam injector may include the steam injection nozzles 106 , and when being horizontal and parallel to the steam injector, the steam injection nozzles 106 may rotate at high speed due to a reaction force against an action force maximally applied thereto, a steam injection angle may be adjusted to adjust a rotational speed of the steam injector.
  • the bearing 103 of the rotary shaft of the steam injector is a part from which steam leakage occurs, and since whether the high pressure steam leaks or not is directly related to energy efficiency, a mounted steel plate shield may come into contact with a steam leakage prevention ring to be rotated due to a steam pressure when the steam injector is driven, and thus each of the steel plate shield and the steam leakage prevention ring 103 f are configured to have a structure in which the steam is efficiently prevented from leaking at a minimum friction resistance, and thus the steam injector is efficiently rotated.
  • the power generator 109 is installed to be directly connected to the steam injector, and has a structure to produce electric energy according to rotation of the steam injector.
  • the steam injector may be designed to have the number of steam injectors to be installed, a diameter thereof, and the like to be variously changeable according to a use environment thereof.
  • the enlarged view of the steam reflection inducing grooves shown in FIG. 2 shows a form in which the steam is injected to the adjacent steam injection plate 107 by the nozzles 106 , and reflected after colliding with the steam reflection inducing grooves 108 installed on the steam injection plate. It is configured so that both the reaction energy according to steam injection and the action energy according to reflection of the injected steam may be applied to the disk-shaped steam injector to maximize the rotational force.
  • each of the steel plate shield and the steam leakage prevention ring 103 f form a structure in which the steam is efficiently prevented from leaking at the minimum friction resistance, and is installed in plural so that the power generating efficiency of the steam injector is maximized.
  • the small-scale combined heat and power generator shown in FIG. 4 has at least one steam injector, horizontally installed therein in plural according to an amount of supplied steam, in order to be capable of further improving power generating performance of the small-scale combined heat and power generator.
  • the steam injector shown in FIG. 5 is implemented to circularly streamline the steam injection paths 105 and mount the nozzles on the end portion thereof so that the air resistance may be reduced to reduce the rotational force. Further, the above-described action of the present invention will be described below.
  • the small-scale combined heat and power generator introduces the high pressure steam from the steam introduction pipe 102 to the steam injector body 104 through the disk-shaped steam injector, on which the nozzles configured to inject the steam are mounted, to rotate the power generator without an impulse steam turbine which requires the mass high pressure steam.
  • the high pressure steam introduced into the steam injector body produces electric energy without the turbine because both the reaction energy of the steam injection force which is intensively injected from the steam injection nozzles 106 through the steam injection paths 105 , and the action energy of the steam injection force which returns after colliding with the steam reflection inducing grooves rotates the steam injector configured to inject the steam.
  • the small-scale combined heat and power generator according to the present invention may generate power by producing steam in all areas, each having the small-scale heat source, and since a small-scale heat source which may not generate power with a general impulse turbine power generator may be easily used, environmentally-friendly and convenient power generation may be performed.
  • the small-scale combined heat and power generator using the steam injector of the present invention injects steam produced by a small-scale heat source through a plurality of nozzles 106 mounted on a disk-shaped steam injector body 104 , rotates the steam injector by a reaction force and an action force of a steam injection force to generate power, and has economical applicability due to electric energy being produced using small-scale steam from the small-scale heat source simply and effectively.
  • the small-scale combined heat and power generator using the steam injector of the present invention has a small-scale, and may be applied to be movably installed in all areas having a small-scale heat source such as biogas, biomass, waste incineration, and the like in each regions including such areas to produce electric energy in addition to protecting Earth's environment.
  • a small-scale heat source such as biogas, biomass, waste incineration, and the like
  • Reference numerals 10 small-scale combined heat and power generator.
  • 101 power generator housing.
  • 102 steam introduction pipe 103: steam leakage prevention bearing assembly.
  • 103a steam injector rotary shaft ball bearing.
  • 103b steam introduction direction.
  • 103c steam leakage prevention shield double fixing protrusions (coupled to outer ring of bearing).
  • 103d steam leakage prevention steel plate shield fixing snap ring.
  • 103e steam leakage prevention steel plate shield.
  • 103f steam leakage prevention ring.
  • 103g steam leakage prevention shield double protrusions (coupled to inner ring of bearing).
  • 103h steam leakage pressure direction of steam introduced into steam injector.
  • 104 steam injector body.
  • 105 steam injection path.
  • 106 steam injection nozzle.
  • 107 steam injection plate.
  • 108 steam reflection inducing groove.
  • 109 power generator. 110: heat exchanger.
  • 111 cold water supply pipe.
  • 112 hot water drain pipe.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a small-scale combined heat and power generator using a steam injector with a small-scale heat source and, more particularly, to a small-scale combined heat and power generator in which, since reaction energy of a steam injection force from nozzles (106) of a rotatable disk-shaped steam injector, which has a plurality of nozzles configured to inject steam mounted thereon, is applied to the disk-shaped steam injector and then action energy of the injected steam which returns to a steam injection plate (107) adjacent thereto by performing a U-turn after colliding with a steam reflection inducing groove (108) installed to reflect the injected steam is also applied to the disk-shaped steam injector, a rotational force of the steam injector configured to generate power is doubled without a turbine.

Description

    TECHNICAL FIELD
  • The present invention relates to a small-scale combined heat and power generator using a steam injector with a small-scale heat source and, more particularly, to a small-scale combined heat and power generator in which, since reaction energy of a steam injection force from nozzles 106 of a rotatable disk-shaped steam injector, which has a plurality of nozzles configured to inject steam mounted thereon, is applied to the disk-shaped steam injector and then action energy of the injected steam which returns to a steam injection plate 107 adjacent thereto by performing a U-turn after colliding with a steam reflection inducing groove 108 installed to reflect the injected steam is also applied to the disk-shaped steam injector, a rotational force of the steam injector configured to generate power is doubled without a turbine.
    • BACKGROUND ART
  • Generally, most thermal power generation has a method of heating water to generate steam with thermal energy gained by combusting coal, petroleum, or gas, and generating power from collision energy of a steam injection force caused by smashing the steam onto a blade of an impulse turbine. That is, most thermal power generation and nuclear power generation configured to apply an impulse to a steam turbine by smashing mass high pressure steam onto a whole blade of a steam turbine through a large nozzle and rotate the turbine with the impulse use an impulse steam turbine type which requires the mass high pressure steam.
  • Accordingly, the impulse steam turbine cannot simply and efficiently use small-scale steam from a small-scale heat source gained from biogas, biomass, combustible waste resources, or the like gained by fermenting livestock manure, food waste, or the like.
    • DISCLOSURE Technical Problem
  • The present invention is directed to providing a small-scale combined heat and power generator using a steam injector, in which, since reaction energy of a steam injection force from nozzles (106) of a rotatable disk-shaped steam injector, which has a plurality of nozzles mounted thereon, is applied to the disk-shaped steam injector and then action energy of the injected steam which returns to a steam injection plate (107) adjacent thereto by performing a U-turn after colliding with a steam reflection inducing groove (108) installed to reflect the injected steam is also applied to the disk-shaped steam injector, a rotational force of the steam injector configured to generate power is doubled, and is directed to providing a small-scale combined heat and power generator configured to easily generate electric energy using a small-scale heat source gained from biogas, biomass, combustible waste resources, and the like which are small-scale heat sources.
    • Technical Solution
  • One aspect of the present invention provides a small-scale combined heat and power generator (10) including a steam introduction pipe (102) into which steam is introduced; a disk-shaped steam injector body (104) rotatably installed on an end portion of the steam introduction pipe through a steam leakage prevention bearing assembly (103); a steam injection nozzle (106) mounted on an end portion of a steam injection path (105) connected to an outer circumferential surface of the body; a steam injection plate (107) mounted adjacent to the steam injection nozzle; a steam reflection inducing groove (108) installed to reflect steam injected onto the steam injection plate; a power generator (109) configured to generate power; and a heat exchanger (110) configured to produce hot water, wherein since reaction energy of a steam injection force from the nozzles (106) of a disk-shaped steam injector, which has a plurality of nozzles mounted thereon, is applied to the disk-shaped steam injector and then action energy of the injected steam which returns by performing a U-turn after colliding with the steam reflection inducing groove (108) of the steam injection plate (107) adjacent thereto installed to reflect the injected steam is also applied to the disk-shaped steam injector, a rotational force of the steam injector is doubled in a power generating system without a separate turbine.
  • High pressure steam introduced into the rotating steam injector through the steam leakage prevention bearing assembly (103) may be prevented from leaking from a rotary shaft of the steam injector so that power generating efficiency of the steam injector may be maximized.
  • Since a diameter of the steam injection path (105) is large, and a diameter of each of the steam injection nozzles (106) is small, a flow velocity may increase according to fluid mechanics, and thus the steam injection force may increase.
  • The path (105) may be elongated to be connected to the steam injector body (104) and a diameter of the disk-shaped steam injector may increase to secure the rotational force on the basis of a principle of a lever.
  • At least one steam injector may be horizontally installed in plural according to a generated amount of the steam to double the rotational force of the steam injector.
  • The steam injection path may be circularly streamlined and have the nozzle mounted on an end portion thereof to reduce air resistance and reduce loss of the rotational force so that the rotational force of the steam injector may be secured.
    • Advantageous Effects
  • Effects of a small-scale combined heat and power generator using a steam injector according to the present invention will be described below.
  • First, the small-scale combined heat and power generator using the steam injector of the present invention injects steam produced by a small-scale heat source through a plurality of nozzles 106 mounted on a disk-shaped steam injector body 104 and rotates the steam injector by a reaction force and an action force of a steam injection force to generate power, and is economical because electric energy is produced using small-scale steam from the small-scale heat source simply and effectively.
  • Further, the small-scale combined heat and power generator using the steam injector of the present invention has a small-scale, and can be movably installed in all areas having a small-scale heat source such as biogas, biomass, waste incineration, and the like in each region including such areas, and thus electric energy can be produced in addition to protecting Earth's environment.
  • In addition, since the small-scale combined heat and power generator using the steam injector of the present invention does not have a separate power generating turbine to gain the rotational force, production costs are low, a structure is simple, and thus maintenance is convenient.
    • DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a small-scale combined heat and power generator using a steam injector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main portion illustrating a steam injection plate 107 of the small-scale combined heat and power generator using the steam injector, and directions of steam, which is reflected after colliding with steam reflection inducing grooves 108 installed so that the injected steam is reflected after colliding with the steam reflection inducing grooves 108.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view and an enlarged view of a main portion of a steam leakage prevention bearing assembly of the steam injector.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view illustrating another embodiment of the present invention in which at least one steam injector is horizontally installed in plural according to a generated amount of steam.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating that a steam injection path is streamlined to reduce air resistance of the rotating steam injector.
    •  BEST MODE
  • The above-described embodiment in FIG. 1 is the most preferable, and a small-scale combined heat and power generator 10 using a steam injector according to the present invention includes a steam introduction pipe 102 into which steam is introduced; a disk-shaped steam injector body 104 rotatably installed on an end portion of the steam introduction pipe through a steam leakage prevention bearing assembly 103; a steam injection nozzle 106 mounted on an end portion of a steam injection path 105 connected to an outer circumferential surface of the body; a steam injection plate 107 mounted to be adjacent to the steam injection nozzle; steam reflection inducing grooves 108 installed to reflect steam injected onto the steam injection plate; a power generator 109 configured to generate power; and a heat exchanger 110 configured to produce hot water, wherein since reaction energy of a steam injection force from the nozzles 106 of the disk-shaped steam injector, which has a plurality of steam injection nozzles mounted thereon, is applied to the disk-shaped steam injector and then action energy of the injected steam which returns by performing a U-turn after colliding with the steam reflection inducing grooves 108 of the steam injection plate 107 adjacent thereto installed to reflect the injected steam is also applied to the disk-shaped steam injector, a rotational force of the steam injector is doubled in a power generating system without a separate turbine.
    • MODES OF THE INVENTION
  • Hereinafter, the preceding exemplary embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a small-scale combined heat and power generator using a steam injector according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main portion illustrating a steam injection plate 107 of the small-scale combined heat and power generator using the steam injector, and a direction of steam which is reflected after colliding with steam reflection inducing grooves 108 installed so that the injected steam is reflected after colliding with the steam reflection inducing grooves 108. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view and an enlarged view of a main portion of a steam leakage prevention bearing assembly of the steam injector. FIG. 4 is a front view illustrating another embodiment of the present invention in which at least one steam injector is horizontally installed in plural according to a generated amount of steam. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating that a steam injection path is streamlined to reduce air resistance of the rotating steam injector.
  • The small-scale combined heat and power generator using the steam injector according to the present invention uses steam generated from a small-scale heat source which may not use a turbine due to a small scale thereof, and thus is implemented so that since reaction energy of a steam injection force from nozzles 106 of a disk-shaped steam injector, which has a plurality of steam injection nozzles mounted thereon, is applied to the disk-shaped steam injector and then action energy of the injected steam which returns by performing a U-turn after colliding with the steam reflection inducing grooves 108 of the steam injection plate 107 adjacent thereto is also applied to the disk-shaped steam injector, a rotational force of the steam injector is doubled without a turbine.
  • First, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the small-scale combined heat and power generator 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a steam introduction pipe 102 into which steam is introduced, a disk-shaped steam injector body 104 rotatably installed on an end portion of the steam introduction pipe through a steam leakage prevention bearing assembly 103, the steam injection nozzles 106, which are each mounted on end portions of steam injection paths 105 connected to an outer circumferential surface of the body, the steam injection plate 107 mounted adjacent to the steam injection nozzles, the steam reflection inducing grooves 108 installed to reflect steam to the steam injection plate, a power generator 109 configured to generate power, a heat exchanger 110 configured to produce hot water, and the like.
  • High pressure steam introduced into the rotating steam injector through the steam leakage prevention bearing assembly 103 is prevented from leaking from a bearing of a rotary shaft so that power generating efficiency of the steam injector is maximized.
  • The steam injection nozzles 106 and the steam injection plate 107 of the steam injector are installed adjacent to each other, and the steam injected from the nozzles performs a U-turn so that the rotational force of the steam injector is maximized.
  • Since a diameter of each of the steam injection paths 105 is large, and a diameter of each of the steam injection nozzles 106 is small, flow velocity may increase according to fluid mechanics, and thus the steam injection force may also increase.
  • The paths 105 may be elongated to be connected to the steam injector body 104 and a diameter of the disk-shaped steam injector may increase to secure the rotational force on the basis of a principle of a lever.
  • Further, at least one steam injector body 104 may be horizontally installed in plural according to a generated amount of the steam to double the rotational force of the steam injector.
  • In addition, the steam injection path is circularly streamlined and has the nozzle mounted on an end portion thereof to reduce air resistance and reduce loss of the rotational force so that the rotational force of the steam injector is secured.
  • To this end, the steam injector includes the steam injector body 104 rotatably installed on an end portion of the steam introduction pipe 102 and in which the high pressure steam is supplied to the paths through the steam leakage prevention bearing 103, the plurality of steam injection paths 105 installed on an outer circumferential surface of the body 104 and linked therewith, and the plurality of steam injection nozzles 106 configured to inject the high pressure steam.
  • In this case, the paths and the nozzles installed on the outer circumferential surface of the steam injector body 104 may each be designed to have the number thereof, directions, and sizes to be variously changeable, and accordingly, a direction, a water amount, water pressure, and the like of the injected steam may be adjusted.
  • Further, since the nozzles provided on the steam injector may include the steam injection nozzles 106, and when being horizontal and parallel to the steam injector, the steam injection nozzles 106 may rotate at high speed due to a reaction force against an action force maximally applied thereto, a steam injection angle may be adjusted to adjust a rotational speed of the steam injector.
  • Accordingly, the bearing 103 of the rotary shaft of the steam injector is a part from which steam leakage occurs, and since whether the high pressure steam leaks or not is directly related to energy efficiency, a mounted steel plate shield may come into contact with a steam leakage prevention ring to be rotated due to a steam pressure when the steam injector is driven, and thus each of the steel plate shield and the steam leakage prevention ring 103 f are configured to have a structure in which the steam is efficiently prevented from leaking at a minimum friction resistance, and thus the steam injector is efficiently rotated.
  • Further, the power generator 109 is installed to be directly connected to the steam injector, and has a structure to produce electric energy according to rotation of the steam injector.
  • In addition, the steam injector may be designed to have the number of steam injectors to be installed, a diameter thereof, and the like to be variously changeable according to a use environment thereof.
  • The enlarged view of the steam reflection inducing grooves shown in FIG. 2 shows a form in which the steam is injected to the adjacent steam injection plate 107 by the nozzles 106, and reflected after colliding with the steam reflection inducing grooves 108 installed on the steam injection plate. It is configured so that both the reaction energy according to steam injection and the action energy according to reflection of the injected steam may be applied to the disk-shaped steam injector to maximize the rotational force.
  • In the cross-sectional view and the enlarged view of the main portion of the steam leakage prevention bearing assembly of the steam injector shown in FIG. 3, since the steam leakage from the steam injector is directly related to the energy efficiency, and thus the mounted steel plate shield 103 e may come into contact with the steam leakage prevention ring 103 f to be rotated due to the steam pressure when the steam injector is driven, each of the steel plate shield and the steam leakage prevention ring 103 f form a structure in which the steam is efficiently prevented from leaking at the minimum friction resistance, and is installed in plural so that the power generating efficiency of the steam injector is maximized.
  • As another embodiment of the present invention, the small-scale combined heat and power generator shown in FIG. 4 has at least one steam injector, horizontally installed therein in plural according to an amount of supplied steam, in order to be capable of further improving power generating performance of the small-scale combined heat and power generator.
  • Meanwhile, the steam injector shown in FIG. 5 is implemented to circularly streamline the steam injection paths 105 and mount the nozzles on the end portion thereof so that the air resistance may be reduced to reduce the rotational force. Further, the above-described action of the present invention will be described below.
  • First, the small-scale combined heat and power generator according to the present invention introduces the high pressure steam from the steam introduction pipe 102 to the steam injector body 104 through the disk-shaped steam injector, on which the nozzles configured to inject the steam are mounted, to rotate the power generator without an impulse steam turbine which requires the mass high pressure steam.
  • Accordingly, the high pressure steam introduced into the steam injector body produces electric energy without the turbine because both the reaction energy of the steam injection force which is intensively injected from the steam injection nozzles 106 through the steam injection paths 105, and the action energy of the steam injection force which returns after colliding with the steam reflection inducing grooves rotates the steam injector configured to inject the steam.
  • Accordingly, the small-scale combined heat and power generator according to the present invention may generate power by producing steam in all areas, each having the small-scale heat source, and since a small-scale heat source which may not generate power with a general impulse turbine power generator may be easily used, environmentally-friendly and convenient power generation may be performed.
  • Meanwhile, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and may be variously modified and adjusted by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
  • Accordingly, the appended claims of the present invention include all modifications of the present invention within the scope of the present invention.
    • INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
  • The small-scale combined heat and power generator using the steam injector of the present invention injects steam produced by a small-scale heat source through a plurality of nozzles 106 mounted on a disk-shaped steam injector body 104, rotates the steam injector by a reaction force and an action force of a steam injection force to generate power, and has economical applicability due to electric energy being produced using small-scale steam from the small-scale heat source simply and effectively.
  • Further, the small-scale combined heat and power generator using the steam injector of the present invention has a small-scale, and may be applied to be movably installed in all areas having a small-scale heat source such as biogas, biomass, waste incineration, and the like in each regions including such areas to produce electric energy in addition to protecting Earth's environment.
  • Reference numerals
    10: small-scale combined heat and power generator.
    101: power generator housing.
    102: steam introduction pipe
    103: steam leakage prevention bearing assembly.
    103a: steam injector rotary shaft ball bearing.
    103b: steam introduction direction.
    103c: steam leakage prevention shield double fixing protrusions (coupled
    to outer ring of bearing).
    103d: steam leakage prevention steel plate shield fixing snap ring.
    103e: steam leakage prevention steel plate shield.
    103f: steam leakage prevention ring.
    103g: steam leakage prevention shield double protrusions (coupled to inner
    ring of bearing).
    103h: steam leakage pressure direction of steam introduced into steam
    injector.
    104: steam injector body. 105: steam injection path.
    106: steam injection nozzle. 107: steam injection plate.
    108: steam reflection inducing groove. 109: power generator.
    110: heat exchanger. 111: cold water supply pipe.
    112: hot water drain pipe.

Claims (5)

1. A small-scale combined heat and power generator (10) using a small-scale heat source, comprising:
a steam introduction pipe (102) into which steam is introduced;
a disk-shaped steam injector body (104) rotatably installed on an end portion of the steam introduction pipe through a steam leakage prevention bearing assembly;
a steam injection nozzle (106) mounted on an end portion of a steam injection path (105) connected to an outer circumferential surface of the body;
a circular steam injection plate (107) mounted adjacent to the steam injection nozzle;
a steam reflection inducing groove (108) installed to reflect steam injected onto the steam injection plate;
a power generator (109) configured to generate power; and
a heat exchanger (110) configured to produce hot water,
wherein since reaction energy of a steam injection force from the nozzles (106) of a disk-shaped steam injector, which has a plurality of steam injection nozzles mounted thereon, is applied to the disk-shaped steam injector and then action energy of the injected steam which returns by performing a U-turn after colliding with the steam reflection inducing groove (108) of the steam injection plate (107) adjacent thereto is also applied to the disk-shaped steam injector, a rotational force of the steam injector is doubled in a power generating system without a separate turbine.
2. The small-scale combined heat and power generator of claim 1, wherein at least one steam leakage prevention steel plate shield (103 e) and at least one steam leakage prevention ring (103 f) are each installed in plural in a steam leakage prevention bearing assembly (103) of the small-scale combined heat and power generator.
3. The small-scale combined heat and power generator of claim 1, wherein the steam injection path (105) of the steam injector is elongated and a diameter of the steam injector increases to secure the rotational force.
4. The small-scale combined heat and power generator of claim 1, wherein at least one disk-shaped steam injector is horizontally installed in the small-scale combined heat and power generator in plural.
5. The small-scale combined heat and power generator of claim 1, wherein the steam injection path of the steam injector is streamlined to reduce air resistance.
US15/778,625 2015-11-25 2016-11-23 Small-scale combined heat and power generator using steam injector Abandoned US20180347364A1 (en)

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KR10-2015-0165311 2015-11-25
KR1020150165311A KR20150140250A (en) 2015-11-25 2015-11-25 Small fuel combined heat and power by steam jet type system
PCT/KR2016/013514 WO2017090963A1 (en) 2015-11-25 2016-11-23 Small-scale combined heat and power generator using steam injector

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US3073117A (en) * 1958-04-01 1963-01-15 Bendix Corp Axially movable turbine for varying the turbine inlet in response to speed
US4430042A (en) * 1979-11-29 1984-02-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Velocity pump reaction turbine
US8505301B2 (en) * 2007-12-28 2013-08-13 Isuzu Motors Limited Steam-jet engine

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JP2018536113A (en) 2018-12-06
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KR20150140250A (en) 2015-12-15

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