US20180346204A1

US20180346204A1 - A package appropriate for discharging with a movable gear system of a changeable liquid or plasm chamber

Info

Publication number: US20180346204A1
Application number: US15/778,219
Authority: US
Inventors: Osman Zeki
Original assignee: Zeki Plastik Plastik Ambalaj Kalip Sanayi Ve Ticaret Ltd Sti
Current assignee: Zeki Plastik Plastik Ambalaj Kalip Sanayi Ve Ticaret Ltd Sti
Priority date: 2015-11-26
Filing date: 2016-11-23
Publication date: 2018-12-06
Also published as: WO2017091169A3; WO2017091169A2

Abstract

The package of the invention comprises at least one cover body comprising an upper cover and a lower cover; at least two crusher gears positioned in the cover body in a parallel axis with respect to each other and proceeding with simultaneous annular movement around the axis; and at least one liquid chamber present within the cover body and positioned between the gears.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is the national phase entry of International Application No. PCT/TR2016/000165, filed on Nov. 23, 2016, which is based upon and claims priority to Turkey Patent Application No. 2015/10046, filed on Nov. 26, 2015, Turkey Patent Application No. 2016/14003, filed on Oct. 6, 2016, and Turkey Patent Application No. 2016/16010, filed on Nov. 8, 2016, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to a package design which is designed in accordance with simple and practical discharge of a package having a changeable liquid or plasm-shaped fluid-containing chamber with a movable gear system. The invention comprises a package design that is designed particularly for materials such as dye, cream, shaving soap, toothpaste, deodorant, medicine, supplementary foods, oil etc., that can be used with little hand moves when desired, that can be stored in a closed form when required, that has changeable fluid chambers and that enables fluid discharge by means of application of a press force by rotating the movable gears of said fluid chambers in parallel with each other.

BACKGROUND

There are a number of package technologies or package shapes for plasm-shaped fluid-featured package of liquid materials such as shoe polish, hair dye, care cream, shaving soap, liquid soap, toothpaste, deodorant, ketchup, chocolate, food and the like. There are a variety of package types such as screw covered boxes and jars, screw or hinge covered, plastic or aluminum tubes, screw or hinge covered plastic bottles, piston or vacuum system plastic packages, liquid pump bottles, metal packaged plastic covered pressurized bottles, etc. These packages vary depending on features of material to be used therewithin, areas of use, costs of production, and needs of target customer mass. For example, some toothpastes are marketed in aluminum tube while other are marketed in plastic tubes. Some of these tube-shaped packages have screwed covers while the others are operated with compressive systems. As another example, shaving foams are generally stored in pressurized metal containers, and when desired released out with control thanks to pumps at cover portions. Similarly, perfumes are usually stored in well-designed and expensive glass bottles, and comprise designs at their covers that will squirt liquid fluid therewithin as pressurized when necessary and pulverize the material. Many packages are designed as disposable. For instance, although a considerable amount of costs of luxury deodorants and perfumes is caused by package material rather than fluid liquid, these materials are disposed after use. Production with such a method both increases production costs and causes waste in consumption.
In the prior art, one of the most commonly used packages is tube with screwed or hinged plastic cover made of plastic or aluminum type. These types of packages are used in materials such as cream, toothpaste, shaving foam, glue and food. In such packages, it gets hard to remove the product out of the package as the product is close to running out thereof. On the other hand, when it is required to squeeze the package as the products runs out, both appearance of the package worsens close to the end and it puts the user in a difficult position. It is highly difficult to improve the appearance of such packages as there is no possibility of changing the package design. Only changes in colors and motifs on the package can be performed. Thus, it may be used for low-priced or medium-priced products.
Another package type in the prior art is plastic bottle with a screwed or hinged cover. They are usually used in the marked for ketchup, shampoo, hair dye and fluid food products. When materials in such packages are desired to be used, the cover is opened and the package nozzle is brought down for use, and the material is taken out utilizing gravity force. For long-term use of the material, the cover is opened and the material is used, afterwards the cover is closed. In such packages, different designs within the body can be constituted except for the cover portion. The cover portion is mostly round-mouthed and screwed and some have different mouth structure and are closed with a hinged cover. In both situations, material can be spoiled by time as the material contacts with air when the cover is opened. Particularly in materials such as food products and dyes, even though there is some material left in the package, the remaining material cannot be used due to spoilage and change in consistency.
Another type of package used in the prior art is plastic, metal or glass package with piston or vacuum covers. These are generally used for materials such as personal care products, perfume, deodorant, room odors, shaving foams etc. As such packages have multi-fragmented and detailed construction, these are mostly profoundly expensive packages as they have heavy bodies. Moreover, apart from brand value of the fluid used, it can be seen that fluid cost is much more than the fluid cost. The fact that such an expensive package contains a low-priced liquid with respect to package cost and the fact that this package material should be disposed at the end of use is considered as a disadvantage. This disadvantage is production cost and environment pollution caused at the end of use and recycling cost. As some of these types of packages are produced with cartridge, although it is possible to reuse the material therewithin, these are not preferred due to underdeveloped constructions for these cartridge packages.
Another type of package used in the prior art is liquid pump bottle. These bottles have a pumping system discharging the fluid in these types of packages used for mainly liquid soap, detergent, cream and food products. The product is vacuum-pulled with a pipe at the end of this pump within the package extending down to the bottom of the bottle and discharged out. In such assemblies, the pumps should be upright all the time. On the other hand, as press force is applied onto the bottle cap, being the cap of the pump, the bottle should be thicker and heavy to resist this press force. This increases coarseness and costs.
Another type of package used in the prior art is plastic or glass bottle comprising rotating head portion known as “roll-on”. This is usually used in products such as deodorants. They mostly have a heavy body and have high production costs.
There are technologies or products similar to said package types in the prior art. Almost all of these package designs are produced with disposability principle.
There is a U.S. Pat. No. 7,387,218 seen in the prior art. In this patent, basically the cap and cover portion are of importance, and the fact that its body is collapsible, has a shoulder portion and open pitch mouth structure, provided resealability with opening of the mouth to be used when driven with the cover. Although said package design comprises minor improvements with respect to classic tubed packages, it is seen that main problems such as high cost and being disposable are not eliminated.
Another study in the prior art is a U.S. Pat. No. 7,387,218. In this patent, it is seen that the pressure required for discharge as appropriate for use with different administration heads is constituted in a place close to the rear portion of the package with a bendable and flexible button. In such a design product chamber is seen to be a cartridge comprising a changeable chamber. However, in such piston systems, the piston is seen to be moved by sliding in direction of length of the piston.
Another study in the prior art is a U.S. Pat. No. 6,234,360. In this patent, fluids in paste or dense plasm shape are pushed and used by a mechanism which is present in the rear portion and proceeds by means of rotation. Such mechanisms are mostly used for adhesive products, and are among mechanisms produced with disposability principle.
Another study in the prior art is a U.S. Pat. No. 5,217,144. These package constructions are mechanism enabling discharge and use of materials such as silicone and the like with pressure force. In this mechanism, there is an arm comprising a lever system for pressing onto the silicone or similar fluid within the tube with hand power. The fluid is discharged with pressing onto this arm. Such a mechanism is used in places where no aesthetical feature is required and high press force is required, such as in industry.
Another study in the prior art is a European patent numbered EP0787445. This study appears to comprise a mechanism that can make dose adjustment and operates with press force.

SUMMARY

It is an object of the invention in the package design of the invention to achieve a package comprising: a structure comprising a fixed body comprising particularly liquid or plasm chamber; said liquid or plasm chamber in said fixed body; at least two gears being parallel to each other from both sides and enabling discharge of the liquid by pressing onto each other; liquid or plasm chamber produced with low cost that is changeable with said structures and a fixed body enabling repeated use.
One advantage of the package of the invention is to achieve a main body with high production and design quality enabling repeated use and a cartridge with the shape of a changeable chamber containing fluid of all densities therewithin enabling simple and efficient use. Thusly, the problem of spending money on package rather than product is eliminated. With this structure, production costs and thus final products costs are lowered and it is enabled that money is spent on the actual product.
Another advantage of the package of the invention is that the liquid chamber called as cartridge containing liquid desired to be packaged and with varying densities has a design that is produced with low cost and can be discharged easily during use in the body to be used constantly. In said design the fluid in said chamber can be discharged almost completely. This discharge is performed not in a moment, but in certain or intermittent periods of time. In these variable times, air entry into the chamber is prevented during discharge, thereby preventing the spoilage of the fluid liquid material. On the other hand, the discharge procedure can be profoundly clear.
Another advantage of the package of the invention is that there is the liquid chamber operated with disposability principle and which has low production costs, and the fixed body has good quality production and design features and can be used constantly and repeatedly.
Another advantage of the package of the invention is that it can be used for almost all liquid products. It can be produced in different appearances (model) for products such as liquid soap, cream, shaving cream, hair dye etc. along with foods such as ketchup.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective and closed view of the package of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a side projection view of the package of the invention.

FIG. 3 is a projection view from upper cover profile of the package of the invention.

FIG. 4 is a projection view from front hinge profile of the package of the invention.

FIG. 5 shows a fragmented perspective (exploded) illustration of the package of the invention.

FIG. 6a is an illustration representing how liquid chamber is compressed in the package of the invention.

FIG. 6b is an illustration representing compressed status liquid chamber in the package of the invention.

FIG. 7 is a detailed representative view of the illustration exhibiting compression type of liquid chamber walls by threads in the package of the invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a conceptual design of changeable liquid chamber to be used in the package of the invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the upper cover portion of the cover body to be used in the package of the invention.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the lower cover portion of the cover body to be used in the package of the invention.

FIG. 11 is a side section projection illustration of the package of the invention.

FIG. 12 is a detailed side projection illustration of cover joining portions of the package of the invention.

FIG. 13 is a projection view as a conceptual design of the changeable liquid chamber to be used in the package of the invention.

FIG. 14a is an illustration of the package design in general designed to explain basic components of changeable liquid chamber to be used in the package of the invention conceptually.

FIG. 14b is an illustration of the package design in general designed to explain liquid flow direction of changeable liquid chamber to be used in the package of the invention.

FIG. 14c is a perspective illustration showing general conceptual design of the changeable liquid chamber to be used in the package of the invention.

FIG. 15a is a perspective view of threads to be used in the package of the invention.

FIG. 15b is a front projection view of threads to be used in the package of the invention.

FIG. 15c is a fragmented (exploded) perspective view of threads to be used in the package of the invention.

FIG. 16a shows a top view projection illustration in case of the use of a spring system on cover portions in the package of the invention.

FIG. 16b shows a side section projection illustration in case of the use of a spring system on cover portions in the package of the invention.

FIG. 16c shows a detailed projection section illustration of spring system in case of the use of a spring system on cover portions in the package of the invention.

FIG. 16d shows a side projection section illustration of a representative conceptual design in case of the use of a spring system on cover portions in the package of the invention.

FIG. 16e shows an illustration of spring positioning of a representative conceptual design in case of the use of a spring system on cover portions in the package of the invention.

REFERENCE NUMBERS

1—Cover body
1 a—Upper cover
1 b—Lower cover
1 c—Shaft bed
1 d—Wheel slot
1 e—Flat control rack
2—Liquid chamber
2 a—Chamber envelope
2 b—Connection
2 c—Liquid outlet section
2 d—Chamber wall
3—Crusher gear
3 a—Shaft
3 b—Annular control rack
3 c—Wheel
3 d—Threads
4—Hinge
4 a—Male hinge
4 b—Female hinge
5—Rotation arm
6—Front cover
7—Sponge or liquid transmitter
8—Outer cover
9—Liquid
10—Latch
10 a—Chamber holder
10 b—Latch perforator slot
10 c—Latch perforator
10 d—Latch liquid flow channel
11—Press plate
11 a—Spring slot
12—Spring
X—Gear proceeding direction
Y—Gear rotation direction

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The package of the invention relates to a package structure comprising: a structure comprising a fixed body comprising particularly liquid or plasm chamber; said liquid or plasm chamber in said fixed body; at least two gears being parallel to each other from both sides and enabling discharge of the liquid by pressing onto each other; liquid or plasm chamber produced with low cost that is changeable with said structures and a fixed body enabling repeated use. The focus of the package of the invention is to achieve the structure comprising the easy-to-use liquid chamber that can be assembled-disassembled simply without changing the main body. With said structure, body cost of the package is maintained stable and even produced as luxury or expensive depending on area of use and the liquid chamber is produced inexpensively, thereby achieving a package embodiment protecting producer, consumer and environment. Said package embodiment can be used for packages to contain all sorts of liquid or plasm. Hence, it should be considered that production of said design in different areas and sizes by protecting main criteria is within the scope of the patent protection.
Views of the package of the invention from different angles are shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4. In FIG. 5, general conceptual design of the package of the invention is shown as an exploded image (fragmented perspective illustration). FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 show perspective illustrations of covers functioning as body from different angles. FIG. 6 a, FIG. 6b and FIG. 7 show conceptual design representing discharge via compression with gears of the liquid chamber of the package of the invention. FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 show side projection sectional views of the package of the invention. FIG. 8, FIG. 13, FIG. 14 a, FIG. 14b and FIG. 14c are illustrations representing conceptual design of the liquid chamber (cartridge) to be used in the package of the invention. FIG. 15 a, FIG. 15b and FIG. 15c are illustrations showing the structure of gears used for the purpose of compressing the liquid chamber in the package of the invention. FIG. 16 a, FIG. 16 b, FIG. 16 c, FIG. 16-d and FIG. 16e are illustrations showing an spring system alternative embodiment used for supporting compression in the package of the invention.
The package of the invention comprises at least one cover body (1) comprising an upper cover (1 a) and a lower cover (1 b); at least two crusher gears (3) positioned in said cover body (1) in a parallel axis with respect to each other and proceeding with simultaneous annular movement around said axes; and at least one liquid chamber (2) present within said cover body (1) and positioned between said gears. The package of the invention is designed in a rectangular prism-shaped geometry as seen basically in FIG. 1 while it can also be produced cylindrical, annular or in other shapes and the abovementioned main criteria may be protected.
The upper cover (1 a) and the lower cover (1 b) in the cover body (1) in the package of the invention are connected such that they may be opened and closed on one side with a hinge (4) or these are coupled by moving away from each other with partial annular movement. Said hinge (4) comprises a male hinge (4 a) and a female hinge (4 b) to enable moving closer to/away from each other and coupling of the upper cover (1 a) and the lower cover (1 b). If desired, another hinge (4) may be joined with other types of joining, for example with a shaft or pin, and may also be connected with joining methods with hinge movement. On the other portion, i.e., free portion, of the cover body (1), a latch (10) is comprised enabling coupling in case of joining said upper cover (1 a) and said lower cover (1 b). Said latch (10) comprises at least one latch chamber holder (10 a), at least one latch perforator slot (10 b), at least one latch perforator (10 c) and at least one latch liquid flow channel (10 d) as will be described below.
The package of the invention comprises a shaft bed (1 c) on both sides in which a shaft can perform in preferably linear or when desired non-linear movement along the length thereof on sides of the upper cover (1 a) and the lower cover (1 b); the flat control rack (1 e) in said shaft bed (1 c); the wheel slot (1 d) being a large-diameter space outside of said shaft bed (1 c). The crusher gears (3) are positioned in the upper cover (1 a) and the lower cover (1 b) within the cover body (1). The crusher gear (3) comprises a shaft (3 a); threads (3 d) on the outer portion of said shaft (3 a); the annular control rack (3 b) after said threads (3 d) and on the outer portion of said shaft (3 a); the wheels (3 c) after said control rack (3 b) and on the outermost portion of said shaft (3 a) enabling free annular movement of the shaft (3 a); and the rotation arm (5) rotating the shaft (3 a) on at least one portion of said shaft (3 a). The shaft (3 a) can be from the same, and also from a different material with/from the crusher gear and can also be produced by combination of separate materials. The rotation arm (5) is preferably annular-shaped. The crusher gears (3) are positioned in the cover body (1) such that the shaft (3 a) in the upper cover (1 a) and the lower cover (1 b) is settled in the shaft bed (1 c), the annular control rack (3 b) in the flat control rack (1 e) and the wheel (3 c) in the wheel slot (1 d). Thusly, the crusher gears (3) can perform linear movement in gear proceeding direction (X) or the opposite direction or curvilinear movement when desired depending on the shape of the shaft bed (1 c). At the same time, the crusher gears (3) can be moved in the gear rotation direction (Y) or the opposite direction as connected with each other. Movement of the crusher gears (3) has both linear (or curvilinear) and annular shape with rotation of the rotation arm (5) with hand. It should be known in terms of detailed construction that the profile of the gears (3 d), i.e., the flat control rack (1 e) and the annular control rack (3 b) should be compatible. In the package of the invention, the liquid chamber (2) is positioned between the crusher gears (3) and the upper cover (1 a) and the lower cover (1 b). Preferably, the liquid chamber (2) can be shaped as a cylindrical tube and made of plastic, aluminum, composite materials. However, it may be made of other shapes and materials. The liquid chamber (2) comprises a chamber envelope (2 a) carrying the liquid (9); a connection (2 b) connecting said chamber envelope (2 a) to the upper cover (1 a) or the lower cover (1 b); a liquid outlet section (2 c) enabling discharge of said liquid (9); and a chamber wall (2 d) being the outer walls of said chamber envelope (2 a) and enclosing the liquid (9). The liquid chamber (2) is positioned between the crusher gears (3), it is compressed between the crusher gear (3) with rotation of the crusher gears (3) via the rotation arm (5), and crusher gears (3) moves the chamber walls (2 d) closer, thereby pushing the liquid (9) into the liquid outlet section (2 c). So, the liquid chamber (2) is discharged. Thusly, the liquid chamber (2) functions as a cartridge, in that it can be replaced when emptied.
In the package of the invention, the cover body (1) preferably consists of at least two pieces as the upper cover (1 a) and the lower cover (1 b). The upper cover (1 a) and the lower cover (1 b) are fixed on one side with the hinge (4) and can perform partial annular movement. On the other hand these are attached with the latch (10). The latch (10) hold rigidly when the upper cover (1 a) and the lower cover (1 b) are joined, and it is such that it enabled rigid attachment of the liquid chamber (2) within the cover body (1). For that, there is the latch chamber holder (10 a) on (either of) the upper cover (1 a) or the lower cover (1 b). The connection (2 b) portion of the liquid chamber (2) can be attached thereto. The latch perforator (10 c) is preferably sharp on the edges and has a hole in the middle. The latch perforator (10 c) perforates the end portion of the liquid outlet section (2 c) while the upper cover (1 a) and the lower cover (1 b) are closed, and enables discharge of the liquid (9) therewithin from the liquid flow channel (10 d). On the other side of the upper cover (1 a) or the lower cover (1 b), there is the latch perforator slot (10 b) functioning as a slot for the latch perforator (10 c). Thus, the latch (10) holds the liquid chamber (2) rigidly and enables controlled (without leaking to the periphery) release of the liquid (9).
When desired, the package of the invention comprises in the cover body (1), in at least one of the upper cover (1 a) or the lower cover (1 b) at least one press plate (11) to press onto the liquid chamber (2); and at least one spring (12) located into the spring slot (11 a) constituted on said press plate (11). Press slot (11 a) can preferably be as a feather to enter into the spring (12), and also as a slot in which the spring (12) enters. The spring (12) is preferably a press spring.
There is the front cover (6) covering the cover body (1) in the package of the invention. There is a sponge or liquid transmitter (7) in front of said front cover (6) that is form-changeable depending on needs. The sponge or liquid transmitter (7) can be a sponge materials for instance in a shoe polish, it can also be a structure comprising silicone ends comprising holes therewithin enabling balanced fluid cream discharge in a deodorant and ketchup flow end in a ketchup. It comprises the outer cover (8) in the outermost portion.
In light of the explanations provided above, the package design of the invention can be used without changing the body in areas of cosmetic, health, food, chemistry and other fields of industry by changing merely the liquid chamber. Thus, it is possible to use the body being relatively more expensive constantly, however easy change and reuse of the liquid chamber being relatively cheaper on emptying. Accordingly, it is obviously possible to make formal (appearance) revisions by protecting the construction structure and features mentioned above. In that, it becomes possible to produce nice-looking and expensive outer package being requirement for the cosmetic industry and to make production with high strength and large dimensions.

Claims

1. A package having a changeable liquid chamber comprising: at least one cover body comprising an upper cover and a lower cover at least two crusher gears positioned in the cover body in a parallel axis with respect to each other and proceeding with a simultaneous annular movement around the parallel axis; and at least one liquid chamber present within the cover body and positioned between the at least two crusher gears.

2. The package according to claim 1, wherein the upper cover and the lower cover in the cover body are connected such that the upper cover and the lower cover-are opened and closed on a side with a hinge or the upper cover and the lower cover are coupled by moving away from each other with a partial annular movement, and the hinge comprises a male hinge and a female hinge to enable the upper cover and the lower cover moving closer to/away from each other and coupling of the upper cover and the lower cover.

3. The package according to claim 1, further comprising a latch enabling coupling in case of joining the upper cover and the lower cover on a portion of the cover body.

4. The package according to claim 1, further comprising a shaft bed on both sides in which a shaft perform in linear or when a desired non-linear movement along a length thereof on sides of the upper cover and the lower cover; a flat control rack in the shaft bed; and a wheel slot being a large-diameter space outside of the shaft bed.

5. The package according to claim 1, wherein the at least two crusher gears are positioned in the upper cover and the lower cover within the cover body.

6. The package according to claim 1, wherein each of the at least two the crusher gears comprises a shaft; threads on an outer portion of the shaft; an annular control rack on a back of the threads and on the outer portion of the shaft; wheels on a back of the control rack and on an outermost portion of the shaft enabling a free annular movement of the shaft; and a rotation arm rotating the shaft on at least one portion of the shaft.

7. The package according to claim 1, wherein the rotation arm is annular.

8. The package according to claim 1, wherein the at least two crusher gears are positioned in the cover body such that a shaft in the upper cover and the lower cover is settled in a shaft bed, an annular control rack in a flat control rack and a wheel in a wheel slot.

9. The package according to claim 1, wherein the liquid chamber is positioned among the at least two crusher gears and the upper cover and the lower cover.

10. The package according to claim 1, wherein the liquid chamber is shaped as a cylindrical tube and made of plastic, aluminum, or composite materials.

11. The package according to claim 1, wherein the liquid chamber comprises a chamber envelope carrying liquid; a connection connecting the chamber envelope to the upper cover or the lower cover; a liquid outlet section enabling discharge of the liquid; and a chamber wall being outer walls of the chamber envelope and enclosing the liquid.

12. A The package according to claim 3, wherein the latch comprises a latch chamber holder on the upper cover or the lower cover, a connection portion of the liquid chamber is attached thereto, the latch comprises a latch perforator, the latch perforator is sharp on edges and has a hole in a middle, the upper cover or the lower cover comprises a latch perforator slot on the other side functioning as a slot for the latch perforator.

13. The package according to claim 1, further comprising at least one press plate to press onto the liquid chamber in the cover body, in at least one of the upper cover or the lower cover when desired; and at least one spring located into a spring slot constituted on the press plate.

14. The package according to claim 1 further comprising a front cover covering the cover body, a sponge or liquid transmitter in front of the front cover that is form-changeable depending on needs, and an outer cover on an outermost portion.

15. The package according to claim 5, wherein each of the at least two crusher gears comprises a shaft; threads on an outer portion of the shaft; an annular control rack on a back of the threads and on the outer portion of the shaft; wheels on a back of the control rack and on an outermost portion of the shaft enabling a free annular movement of the shaft; and a rotation arm rotating the shaft on at least one portion of the shaft.

16. The package according to claim 5, wherein the at least two crusher gears are positioned in the cover body such that a shaft in the upper cover and the lower cover is settled in a shaft bed, an annular control rack in a flat control rack and a wheel in a wheel slot.

17. The package according to claim 6, wherein the at least two crusher gears are positioned in the cover body such that the shaft in the upper cover and the lower cover is settled in a shaft bed, the annular control rack in a flat control rack and a wheel in a wheel slot.

18. The package according to claim 9, wherein the liquid chamber is shaped as a cylindrical tube and made of plastic, aluminum, or composite materials.

19. The package according to claim 9, wherein the liquid chamber comprises a chamber envelope carrying liquid; a connection connecting the chamber envelope to the upper cover or the lower cover; a liquid outlet section enabling discharge of the liquid; and a chamber wall being outer walls of the chamber envelope and enclosing the liquid.