US20180334932A1 - Electric camshaft phaser with detent and method thereof - Google Patents
Electric camshaft phaser with detent and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- US20180334932A1 US20180334932A1 US15/595,984 US201715595984A US2018334932A1 US 20180334932 A1 US20180334932 A1 US 20180334932A1 US 201715595984 A US201715595984 A US 201715595984A US 2018334932 A1 US2018334932 A1 US 2018334932A1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/34409—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear by torque-responsive means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/352—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using bevel or epicyclic gear
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
- F01L2001/3445—Details relating to the hydraulic means for changing the angular relationship
- F01L2001/34453—Locking means between driving and driven members
- F01L2001/34456—Locking in only one position
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
- F01L2001/3445—Details relating to the hydraulic means for changing the angular relationship
- F01L2001/34453—Locking means between driving and driven members
- F01L2001/34463—Locking position intermediate between most retarded and most advanced positions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/352—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using bevel or epicyclic gear
- F01L2001/3521—Harmonic drive of flexspline type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2820/00—Details on specific features characterising valve gear arrangements
- F01L2820/03—Auxiliary actuators
- F01L2820/032—Electric motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
Definitions
- a known problem for electric camshaft phasers is “drift” of the rotor relative to the stator after engine shut-down. For example, immediately or shortly after engine shutdown, torque may be transmitted to the rotor in sufficient magnitude to cause the electric camshaft phaser to drift, or shift away from an intended control angle of the rotor with respect to the stator due to a lack of inherent resisting torque in the electric camshaft phaser or inherent friction associated with the electric motor and gearbox combination in the electric camshaft phaser. The rotational direction and magnitude of the residual torque and inherent friction are unpredictable; therefore, the rotation and eventual final control angle of the rotor due to the residual torque from the camshaft or the inherent friction cannot be predicted.
- a camshaft phaser including: a stator arranged to receive rotational torque from an engine and including a radially inwardly facing surface; a rotor arranged to non-rotatably connect to a camshaft, arranged to be connected to an electric motor and including a first radially outwardly extending protrusion, the first radially outwardly extending protrusion including a radially outer surface; an axis of rotation for the stator and rotor; and a spring.
- the electric motor is arranged to rotate the rotor with respect to the stator.
- a camshaft phaser including: a stator arranged to receive rotational torque from an engine and including a radially inwardly facing surface and a slot in the radially inwardly facing surface; a rotor arranged to non-rotatably connect to a camshaft, arranged to be connected to an electric motor and including a first radially outwardly extending protrusion with a radially outward surface with a radially inwardly extending slot; an axis of rotation for the stator and rotor; and a spring non-rotatably connected to the stator and including a first portion disposed in the slot.
- the electric motor is arranged to rotate the rotor with respect to the stator.
- FIG. 3 is a cut-away view of the camshaft phaser of FIG. 1 with the rotor in a second circumferential position associated with a locked mode for the camshaft phaser;
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram including the camshaft phaser of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 6 is a cut-away view of the camshaft phaser of FIG. 5 with the rotor in a second circumferential position associated with a locked mode for the camshaft phaser;
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram including the camshaft phaser of FIGS. 5 and 6 ;
- FIG. 8 is cut-away view of a camshaft phaser with a rotor in a first circumferential position associated with an operating mode for the camshaft phaser;
- FIG. 9 is a cut-away view of the camshaft phaser of FIG. 8 with the rotor in a second circumferential position associated with a locked mode for the camshaft phaser;
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram including the camshaft phaser of FIGS. 8 and 9 ;
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a cylindrical coordinate system demonstrating spatial terminology used in the present application.
- FIG. 12 is a prior art drawing taken from FIG. 13 of PCT Patent Application PCT/US2015/036928.
- an axial surface such as surface 15 A of object 12
- an axial surface is formed by a plane co-planar with axis 11 .
- any planar surface parallel to axis 11 is an axial surface.
- surface 15 B, parallel to axis 11 also is an axial surface.
- An axial edge is formed by an edge, such as edge 15 C, parallel to axis 11 .
- a radial surface, such as surface 16 A of object 13 is formed by a plane orthogonal to axis 11 and co-planar with a radius, for example, radius 17 A.
- a radial edge is co-linear with a radius of axis 11 .
- edge 16 B is co-linear with radius 17 B.
- Surface 18 of object 14 forms a circumferential, or cylindrical, surface.
- circumference 19 defined by radius 30 , passes through surface 18 .
- Axial movement is in direction axial direction AD 1 or AD 2 .
- Radial movement is in radial direction RD 1 or RD 2 .
- Circumferential, or rotational, movement is in circumferential direction CD 1 or CD 2 .
- the adverbs “axially,” “radially,” and “circumferentially” refer to movement or orientation parallel to axis 11 , orthogonal to axis 11 , and about axis 11 , respectively.
- an axially disposed surface or edge extends in direction AD 1
- a radially disposed surface or edge extends in direction RD 1
- a circumferentially disposed surface or edge extends in direction CD 1 .
- FIG. 1 is an exploded view of camshaft system CMS including camshaft phaser 100 with rotor locking.
- FIG. 2 is a cut-away view of camshaft phaser 100 of FIG. 1 with a rotor in a first circumferential position associated with an operating mode for phaser 100 .
- FIG. 3 is a cut-away view of camshaft phaser 100 of FIG. 1 with the rotor in a second circumferential position associated with a locked mode for phaser 100 .
- Rotor 104 is arranged to non-rotatably connect to camshaft C; is arranged to be connected to electric motor EM; and includes radially outwardly extending protrusion, or vane, 110 .
- Protrusion 110 includes radially outer surface 112 with radially inwardly extending indent 114 .
- gearbox phasing unit GPU can be any gearbox phasing unit known in the art, including but not limited to a planetary gear unit, an elliptical gear unit, and a harmonic drive unit.
- FIG. 2 is an example of the plurality of specific circumferential positions possible during the operating mode when portion 116 is not engaged with indent 114 . Stated otherwise, any position of rotor 104 in which spring 106 is not in contact with radially outer surface 112 is considered the first circumferential position.
- camshaft C applies torque T 2 to rotor 104 upon shut-down of engine E.
- torque T 2 is shown in opposite circumferential directions CD 1 and CD 2 , since torque T 2 may oscillate between directions CD 1 and CD 2 after shutdown of engine E.
- the engagement of spring 106 with indent 114 provides a means of providing a known position and control angle of rotor 104 upon engine start up.
- control signal CSG is sent from electronic control unit ECU to motor EM.
- motor EM rotates rotor 104 , in the example of FIGS. 2 and 3 , in circumferential direction CD 2 , until portion 116 engages indent 114 .
- Spring 106 applies frictional force FF 1 to rotor 104 .
- Force FF 1 resists rotation of rotor 104 with force F 1 greater than torque T 2 .
- forces F 1 and FF 1 prevent torque T 2 from rotating rotor 104 , and rotor 104 remains in the known position and control angle of FIG. 3 for engine start up.
- motor EM rotates, in the example of FIGS. 2 and 3 , rotor 104 in direction CD 1 with torque T 3 to overcome force F 1 . That is, torque T 3 is greater than force F 1 .
- rotor 104 disengages from spring 106 for normal operation of phaser 100 (engine E is activated and phaser 100 is controlling camshaft C).
- protrusion 110 displaces portion 116 radially outwardly.
- portion 116 is at radial distance 118 from axis AR and in the second circumferential position, portion 116 is at radial distance 120 , greater than distance 118 , from axis AR.
- Rotor 204 is arranged to non-rotatably connect to camshaft C; is arranged to be connected to electric motor EM; and includes radially outwardly extending protrusion 210 .
- Protrusion 210 includes radially outer surface 212 .
- Surface 208 includes radially outwardly extending indent 214 .
- motor EM rotates rotor 204 and camshaft C in direction CD 1 and motor EM simultaneously rotates rotor 204 , with respect to stator 202 , in opposite circumferential directions CD 1 and CD 2 as needed, using gearbox phasing unit GPU to set a control angle for rotor 204 and control phasing of camshaft C with respect to stator 202 .
- Stator 202 includes radially inwardly extending end stop 224 .
- protrusion 210 is in contact with stop 224 in the second circumferential position.
- protrusion 204 it should be understood that is not necessary for protrusion 204 to be in contact with stop 224 in the second circumferential position.
- portion 316 of spring 306 is disposed in indent 314 .
- the engagement of portion 316 with indent 314 maintains rotor 304 in the second circumferential position when engine E is de-energized.
- the exact circumferential position of rotor 304 in FIG. 8 is an example of the plurality of specific circumferential positions possible during the operating mode when portion 316 is not engaged with indent 314 . Stated otherwise, any position of rotor 304 in which spring 306 is not in contact with radially outer surface 312 is considered the first circumferential position.
- spring 306 contacts surface 308 , once rotor 304 rotates out of the second circumferential position and phaser 300 is in the operating mode.
- a first step non-rotatably connects rotor 104 to camshaft C.
- a second step connects rotor 104 to electric motor EM.
- a third step receives, with stator 102 , rotational torque Ti in direction CD 1 from engine E.
- a fourth step rotates, with gearbox phasing unit GPU, camshaft C in direction CD 1 .
- a fifth step removes torque Ti from stator 102 by shutting engine E off.
- An eleventh tenth step receives, with the stator, rotational torque Ti in direction CD 1 from engine E.
- a twelfth step rotates, with electric motor EM, rotor 104 in direction CD 1 with respect to stator 102 .
- a thirteenth step disengages portion 116 from indent 114 .
- rotating, with electric motor EM, rotor 104 in direction CD 1 with respect to stator 102 includes avoiding contact between spring 106 and radially inwardly facing surface 108 of stator 102 .
- rotating, with electric motor EM, rotor 104 in direction CD 2 with respect to stator 102 in the sixth step includes contacting end stop 124 with protrusion 110 .
- Disposing portion 116 of spring 106 in indent 114 in rotor 104 includes applying frictional force FF 1 to rotor 102 with spring 106 .
- Blocking, with engagement of portion 116 with indent 114 , rotation of rotor 104 with respect to stator 102 includes blocking, with frictional force FF 1 and force F 1 greater than torque T 2 .
- a first step non-rotatably connects rotor 204 to camshaft C.
- a second step connects rotor 204 to electric motor EM.
- a third step receives, with stator 202 , rotational torque T 4 in direction CD 1 from engine E.
- a fourth step rotates, with gearbox phasing unit GPU, camshaft C in direction CD 1 .
- a fifth step removes torque T 4 from stator 202 by shutting engine E off.
- a sixth step rotates, with electric motor EM, rotor 204 in direction CD 2 with respect to stator 102 .
- a seventh step disposes portion 216 of spring 206 in indent 214 in stator 202 .
- An eighth step receives, on rotor 204 and from camshaft C, rotational torque T 5 .
- a ninth step blocks, with engagement of portion 216 with indent 114 , rotation of rotor 204 with respect to stator 202 .
- a tenth step keeps portion 216 in indent 214 .
- An eleventh tenth step receives, with the stator, rotational torque T 4 in direction CD 1 from engine E.
- a twelfth step rotates, with electric motor EM, rotor 204 in direction CD 1 with respect to stator 202 .
- a thirteenth step disengages portion 216 from indent 214 .
- rotating, with electric motor EM, rotor 204 in direction CD 1 with respect to stator 202 includes avoiding contact between spring 206 and radially inwardly facing surface 208 of stator 202 .
- rotating, with electric motor EM, rotor 204 in direction CD 2 with respect to stator 202 in the sixth step includes contacting end stop 224 with protrusion 210 .
- Disposing portion 216 of spring 206 in indent 214 in stator 202 includes applying frictional force FF 2 to rotor 202 with spring 206 .
- Blocking, with engagement of portion 216 with indent 214 , rotation of rotor 204 with respect to stator 202 includes blocking, with frictional force FF 2 and force F 3 greater than torque T 5 .
- An eleventh tenth step receives, with the stator, rotational torque T 7 in direction CD 1 from engine E.
- a twelfth step rotates, with electric motor EM, rotor 304 in direction CD 1 with respect to stator 302 .
- a thirteenth step disengages portion 316 from indent 314 .
- rotating, with electric motor EM, rotor 304 in direction CD 2 with respect to stator 302 in the sixth step includes contacting end stop 324 with protrusion 310 .
- Camshaft phaser 100 is not limited to the exact location of spring 106 shown.
- spring 106 is located such that in the locked position of FIG. 3 , rotor 104 is locked in a full retard position.
- spring 106 can be located on the other side of end stop 124 (between end stop 124 and protrusion 138 ) and indent 114 can be located on protrusion 138 so that the locked position of rotor 104 is in the full advance position with protrusion 138 in contact with end stop 124 .
- spring 106 can be located further away from end stop 124 in direction CD 1 so that the locked position for rotor 104 is between the full retard and full advance position.
- directions CD 1 and CD 2 can be reversed and the locations of spring 106 and indent 114 moved as needed. For example, with directions CD 1 and CD 2 reversed, the full retard position of FIG. 3 is a full advance position.
- camshaft phaser 200 with respect to positions for spring 206 and indent 214 and the reversal of directions CD 1 and CD 2 is applicable to camshaft phaser 300 .
- phasers 100 , 200 , and 300 each address the problem noted above of “drift” of a rotor in a camshaft phaser at engine shut-down. Specifically, upon receipt of signal CSG indicating that engine E is shutting down, motor EM rotates rotors 104 , 204 and 304 into the locked modes shown in FIGS. 3, 6, and 9 , respectively. In the locked mode, portions 116 , 216 , and 316 are located in indents 114 , 214 , and 314 , respectively.
- Springs 106 , 206 , and 306 are designed to generate friction forces FF 1 , FF 2 , FF 3 , respectively, resulting in forces F 1 , F 3 , and F 5 , respectively, blocking torque T 2 , T 5 , and T 8 , respectively, from camshaft C from rotating rotors 104 , 204 and 304 out of the respective locked modes (respective second circumferential positions).
Abstract
A camshaft phaser, including: a stator to receive rotational torque from an engine and including a radially inwardly facing surface and a slot in the radially inwardly facing surface; a rotor to non-rotatably connect to a camshaft, to be connected to an electric motor and including a first radially outwardly extending protrusion; and a spring non-rotatably connected to the stator and including a first portion disposed in the slot. The electric motor is arranged to rotate the rotor with respect to the stator. In a first circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator: no portion of the spring is disposed in the indent; and a second portion of the spring extends radially inwardly past the radially inwardly facing surface. In a second circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator, the second portion of the spring is disposed in the indent.
Description
- The present disclosure relates to an electric camshaft phaser with a spring and detent to lock the rotor into a pre-determined position upon shut down of an engine.
- A known problem for electric camshaft phasers is “drift” of the rotor relative to the stator after engine shut-down. For example, immediately or shortly after engine shutdown, torque may be transmitted to the rotor in sufficient magnitude to cause the electric camshaft phaser to drift, or shift away from an intended control angle of the rotor with respect to the stator due to a lack of inherent resisting torque in the electric camshaft phaser or inherent friction associated with the electric motor and gearbox combination in the electric camshaft phaser. The rotational direction and magnitude of the residual torque and inherent friction are unpredictable; therefore, the rotation and eventual final control angle of the rotor due to the residual torque from the camshaft or the inherent friction cannot be predicted.
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FIG. 12 is prior art taken fromFIG. 13 of PCT Patent Application PCT/US2015/036928 (the '928 application).Electric camshaft phaser 38 includesportion 46 in rotational communication with a crankshaft,portion 48 attached to a camshaft and in rotational communication withportion 46, andportion 50 operatively attached to an actuator and in rotational communication withportion 48.Phaser 38 also includes locks 54 (in the form of lever springs) withends 92 connected toportion 50, and ends 94 withportions 98 for releasably engagingreceivers 52 inportion 48.Locks 54 can be used to lockportion 50 toportion 48. During operation ofphaser 38 withportions 98 not engaged withreceivers 54,portions 98 are in constant contact withportion 48 resulting in drag on the operation of the actuator and constant flexing of the lever springs, which reduces service life of the lever springs. - According to aspects illustrated herein, there is provided a camshaft phaser, including: a stator arranged to receive rotational torque from an engine and including a radially inwardly facing surface; a rotor arranged to non-rotatably connect to a camshaft, arranged to be connected to an electric motor and including a first radially outwardly extending protrusion, the first radially outwardly extending protrusion including a radially outer surface; an axis of rotation for the stator and rotor; and a spring. The electric motor is arranged to rotate the rotor with respect to the stator. The radially outer surface includes an indent, the spring is non-rotatably connected to the stator, in a first circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator, no portion of the spring is disposed in the indent, and in a second circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator, a first portion of the spring is disposed in the indent; or the radially inwardly facing surface includes an indent, the spring is non-rotatably connected to the rotor, in a first circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator, no portion of the spring is disposed in the indent, and in a second circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator, a first portion of the spring is disposed in the indent.
- According to aspects illustrated herein, there is provided a camshaft phaser, including: a stator arranged to receive rotational torque from an engine and including a radially inwardly facing surface and a slot in the radially inwardly facing surface; a rotor arranged to non-rotatably connect to a camshaft, arranged to be connected to an electric motor and including a first radially outwardly extending protrusion with a radially outward surface with a radially inwardly extending slot; an axis of rotation for the stator and rotor; and a spring non-rotatably connected to the stator and including a first portion disposed in the slot. The electric motor is arranged to rotate the rotor with respect to the stator. In a first circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator: no portion of the spring is disposed in the indent; and a second portion of the spring extends radially inwardly past the radially inwardly facing surface. In a second circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator, the second portion of the spring is disposed in the indent.
- According to aspects illustrated herein, there is provided a camshaft phaser, including: a stator arranged to receive rotational torque from an engine and including a radially inwardly facing surface with an indent; a rotor arranged to non-rotatably connect to a camshaft, arranged to be connected to an electric motor and including a first radially outwardly extending protrusion, the first radially outwardly extending protrusion including a radially outer surface and a slot in the radially outer surface; an axis of rotation for the stator and rotor; and a spring non-rotatably connected to the rotor and including a first portion disposed in the slot. The electric motor is arranged to rotate the rotor with respect to the stator. In a first circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator: no portion of the spring is disposed in the indent; and a second portion of the spring extends radially outwardly past the radially outer surface. In a second circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator, the second portion of the spring is disposed in the indent.
- Various embodiments are disclosed, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings in which corresponding reference symbols indicate corresponding parts, in which:
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FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a camshaft system including a camshaft phaser with rotor locking; -
FIG. 2 is a cut-away view of the camshaft phaser ofFIG. 1 with a rotor in a first circumferential position associated with an operating mode for the camshaft phaser; -
FIG. 3 is a cut-away view of the camshaft phaser ofFIG. 1 with the rotor in a second circumferential position associated with a locked mode for the camshaft phaser; -
FIG. 4 is a block diagram including the camshaft phaser ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 5 is a cut-away view of a camshaft phaser with a rotor in a first circumferential position associated with an operating mode for the camshaft phaser; -
FIG. 6 is a cut-away view of the camshaft phaser ofFIG. 5 with the rotor in a second circumferential position associated with a locked mode for the camshaft phaser; -
FIG. 7 is a block diagram including the camshaft phaser ofFIGS. 5 and 6 ; -
FIG. 8 is cut-away view of a camshaft phaser with a rotor in a first circumferential position associated with an operating mode for the camshaft phaser; -
FIG. 9 is a cut-away view of the camshaft phaser ofFIG. 8 with the rotor in a second circumferential position associated with a locked mode for the camshaft phaser; -
FIG. 10 is a block diagram including the camshaft phaser ofFIGS. 8 and 9 ; -
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a cylindrical coordinate system demonstrating spatial terminology used in the present application; and, -
FIG. 12 is a prior art drawing taken fromFIG. 13 of PCT Patent Application PCT/US2015/036928. - At the outset, it should be appreciated that like drawing numbers on different drawing views identify identical, or functionally similar, structural elements of the disclosure. It is to be understood that the disclosure as claimed is not limited to the disclosed aspects.
- Furthermore, it is understood that this disclosure is not limited to the particular methodology, materials and modifications described and as such may, of course, vary. It is also understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular aspects only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
- Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood to one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. It should be understood that any methods, devices or materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the disclosure.
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FIG. 11 is a perspective view ofcylindrical coordinate system 10 demonstrating spatial terminology used in the present application. The present application is at least partially described within the context of a cylindrical coordinate system.System 10 includes axis of rotation, or longitudinal axis, 11, used as the reference for the directional and spatial terms that follow. Opposite axial directions AD1 and AD2 are parallel to axis 11. Radial direction RD1 is orthogonal to axis 11 and away from axis 11. Radial direction RD2 is orthogonal to axis 11 and toward axis 11. Opposite circumferential directions CD1 and CD2 are defined by an endpoint of a particular radius R (orthogonal to axis 11) rotated about axis 11, for example clockwise and counterclockwise, respectively. - To clarify the spatial terminology,
objects surface 15A ofobject 12, is formed by a plane co-planar with axis 11. However, any planar surface parallel to axis 11 is an axial surface. For example, surface 15B, parallel to axis 11 also is an axial surface. An axial edge is formed by an edge, such as edge 15C, parallel to axis 11. A radial surface, such as surface 16A ofobject 13, is formed by a plane orthogonal to axis 11 and co-planar with a radius, for example,radius 17A. A radial edge is co-linear with a radius of axis 11. For example, edge 16B is co-linear withradius 17B.Surface 18 ofobject 14 forms a circumferential, or cylindrical, surface. For example,circumference 19, defined by radius 30, passes throughsurface 18. - Axial movement is in direction axial direction AD1 or AD2. Radial movement is in radial direction RD1 or RD2. Circumferential, or rotational, movement is in circumferential direction CD1 or CD2. The adverbs “axially,” “radially,” and “circumferentially” refer to movement or orientation parallel to axis 11, orthogonal to axis 11, and about axis 11, respectively. For example, an axially disposed surface or edge extends in direction AD1, a radially disposed surface or edge extends in direction RD1, and a circumferentially disposed surface or edge extends in direction CD1.
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FIG. 1 is an exploded view of camshaft system CMS includingcamshaft phaser 100 with rotor locking. -
FIG. 2 is a cut-away view ofcamshaft phaser 100 ofFIG. 1 with a rotor in a first circumferential position associated with an operating mode forphaser 100. -
FIG. 3 is a cut-away view ofcamshaft phaser 100 ofFIG. 1 with the rotor in a second circumferential position associated with a locked mode forphaser 100. -
FIG. 4 is a block diagram includingcamshaft phaser 100. The following should be viewed in light ofFIGS. 1 through 4 .Camshaft phaser 100 includesstator 102,rotor 104, axis of rotation AR forstator 102 androtor 104, andwave spring 106 non-rotatably connected tostator 102.Stator 102 is arranged to receive rotational torque T1 in circumferential direction CD1 from engine E, via crankshaft CK and chain or belt CH, and includes radially inwardly facingsurface 108. Rotor 104: is arranged to non-rotatably connect to camshaft C; is arranged to be connected to electric motor EM; and includes radially outwardly extending protrusion, or vane, 110.Protrusion 110 includes radiallyouter surface 112 with radially inwardly extendingindent 114. - By “non-rotatably connected” elements, we mean that: the elements are connected so that whenever one of the elements rotates, all the elements rotate; and relative rotation between the elements is not possible. Radial and/or axial movement of non-rotatably connected elements with respect to each other is possible, but not required.
- As is known in the art, in the operating mode in which engine E is running and torque T1 is being transmitted to
stator 102 in direction CD1: motor EM rotatesrotor 104 and camshaft C in direction CD1 and motor EM simultaneously rotatesrotor 104, with respect tostator 102, in opposite circumferential directions CD1 and CD2 as needed, using gearbox phasing unit GPU to set a control angle forrotor 104 and control phasing of camshaft C with respect tostator 102. Unit GPU can be any gearbox phasing unit known in the art, including but not limited to a planetary gear unit, an elliptical gear unit, and a harmonic drive unit. - In the example first circumferential position of
rotor 104 with respect tostator 102 shown inFIG. 2 (operating mode), no portion ofspring 106 is disposed inindent 114. In the second circumferential position ofrotor 104 with respect tostator 102 shown inFIG. 3 (locked mode),portion 116 ofspring 106 is disposed inindent 114. As further described below, the engagement ofspring 106, inparticular portion 116, withindent 114 maintainsrotor 104 in the second circumferential position after engine E is de-energized. It should be understood that the exact circumferential position ofrotor 104 inFIG. 2 is an example of the plurality of specific circumferential positions possible during the operating mode whenportion 116 is not engaged withindent 114. Stated otherwise, any position ofrotor 104 in which spring 106 is not in contact with radiallyouter surface 112 is considered the first circumferential position. - As discussed above, a problem for a known camshaft phaser is “drift” of a rotor for the phaser at engine shut-down. For example, camshaft C applies torque T2 to
rotor 104 upon shut-down of engine E. Note that torque T2 is shown in opposite circumferential directions CD1 and CD2, since torque T2 may oscillate between directions CD1 and CD2 after shutdown of engine E. As further described below, the engagement ofspring 106 withindent 114 provides a means of providing a known position and control angle ofrotor 104 upon engine start up. - For example, upon shut-down of engine E, control signal CSG is sent from electronic control unit ECU to motor EM. In response to signal CSG, motor EM rotates
rotor 104, in the example ofFIGS. 2 and 3 , in circumferential direction CD2, untilportion 116 engagesindent 114.Spring 106 applies frictional force FF1 torotor 104. Force FF1 resists rotation ofrotor 104 with force F1 greater than torque T2. Thus forces F1 and FF1 prevent torque T2 fromrotating rotor 104, androtor 104 remains in the known position and control angle ofFIG. 3 for engine start up. - Upon engine start-up, motor EM rotates, in the example of
FIGS. 2 and 3 ,rotor 104 in direction CD1 with torque T3 to overcome force F1. That is, torque T3 is greater than force F1. Thus,rotor 104 disengages fromspring 106 for normal operation of phaser 100 (engine E is activated andphaser 100 is controlling camshaft C). - In an example embodiment of the second circumferential position of
FIG. 3 ,protrusion 110 displacesportion 116 radially outwardly. Thus, in the first circumferential position ofFIG. 2 ,portion 116 is atradial distance 118 from axis AR and in the second circumferential position,portion 116 is atradial distance 120, greater thandistance 118, from axis AR. - In the example of
FIGS. 2 and 3 ,spring 106 does not contactsurface 112 oncerotor 104 rotates out of the second circumferential position ofFIG. 3 and into the first circumferential position ofFIG. 2 , andphaser 100 is in the normal operating mode. Thus, there is no drag onrotor 104 fromspring 106 in the operating mode. -
Stator 102 includes radially inwardly extendingend stop 124. In the example ofFIG. 3 ,protrusion 110 is in contact withstop 124. However, it should be understood that it is not necessary forprotrusion 110 to be in contact withstop 124 in the second circumferential position (operating mode). - In the example of
FIGS. 2 and 3 :stator 102 includesslot 126, a least a portion of which is insurface 108;spring 106 includesportion 127, located inslot 126, withends slot 126; andportion 116 ofspring 106 extends radially inwardlypast surface 108. In an example embodiment,stator 102 includesposts 132 engaged withspring 106 and retainingspring 106 inslot 126. In an example embodiment: ends 128 and 130 are in contact withwalls slot 126 in the first circumferential position; and ends 128 and 130 are not in contact withwalls slot 126 in the second circumferential position. For example, force F2, applied byprotrusion 110 onspring 106 in the second circumferential position, causesspring 106 to flex so that ends 128 and 130 separate fromwalls slot 126. - In an example embodiment: end stop 124 is the only radially inwardly projecting end stop for
stator 102;rotor 104 includes radially outwardly extendingprotrusion 138;protrusions rotor 104; and end stop 124 is circumferentially disposed betweenprotrusions -
FIG. 5 is a cut-away view ofcamshaft phaser 200 with a rotor in a first circumferential position associated with an operating mode forphaser 200. -
FIG. 6 is a cut-away view ofcamshaft phaser 200 ofFIG. 5 with the rotor in a second circumferential position associated with a locked mode forphaser 200. -
FIG. 7 is a block diagram includingcamshaft phaser 200 ofFIGS. 5 and 6 . The following should be viewed in light ofFIGS. 5 through 7 .Camshaft phaser 200 includesstator 202,rotor 204, axis of rotation AR forstator 202 androtor 204, andwave spring 206 non-rotatably connected torotor 204.Stator 202 is arranged to receive rotational torque T4 from engine E, via crankshaft CK and chain or belt CH, and includes radially inwardly facingsurface 208. Rotor 204: is arranged to non-rotatably connect to camshaft C; is arranged to be connected to electric motor EM; and includes radially outwardly extendingprotrusion 210.Protrusion 210 includes radiallyouter surface 212.Surface 208 includes radially outwardly extendingindent 214. - As is known in the art, in the operating mode in which engine E is running and torque T4 is being transmitted to
stator 202 in direction CD1: motor EM rotatesrotor 204 and camshaft C in direction CD1 and motor EM simultaneously rotatesrotor 204, with respect tostator 202, in opposite circumferential directions CD1 and CD2 as needed, using gearbox phasing unit GPU to set a control angle forrotor 204 and control phasing of camshaft C with respect tostator 202. - In the example first circumferential position of
rotor 204 with respect tostator 202 shown inFIG. 5 , no portion ofspring 206 is disposed inindent 214. In the second circumferential position ofrotor 204 with respect tostator 202, shown inFIG. 6 ,portion 216 ofspring 206 is disposed inindent 214. As further described below, the engagement ofportion 216 withindent 214 maintainsrotor 204 in the second circumferential position after engine E is de-energized. It should be understood that the exact circumferential position ofrotor 204 inFIG. 5 is an example of the plurality of specific circumferential positions possible during the operating mode whenportion 216 is not engaged withindent 214. Stated otherwise, any position ofrotor 204 in which spring 206 is not in contact with radiallyouter surface 212 is considered the first circumferential position. - As discussed above, a problem for a known camshaft phaser is “drift” of a rotor for the phaser immediately or shortly after engine shut-down. For example, camshaft C applies torque T5 to
rotor 204 upon shut-down of engine E. Note that torque T5 is shown in opposite circumferential directions CD1 and CD2, since torque T5 may oscillate between directions CD1 and CD2 after shutdown of engine E. Advantageously, the engagement ofspring 206 withindent 214 provides a means of providing a known position ofrotor 204 upon engine start up. - For example, upon shut-down of engine E, control signal CSG is sent from electronic control unit ECU to motor EM. In response to signal CSG, motor EM rotates
rotor 204, in the example ofFIGS. 5 and 6 , in circumferential direction CD2, untilportion 216 engagesindent 214.Spring 206 applies frictional force FF2 tostator 204. Force FF2 resists rotation ofrotor 204 with force F3 greater than torque T5. Thus forces F3 and FF2 prevent torque T5 fromrotating rotor 204, androtor 204 remains in the known position ofFIG. 6 for engine start up. - Upon engine start-up, motor EM rotates, in the example of
FIGS. 5 and 6 ,rotor 204 in direction CD1 with torque T6 to overcome the resistance from force F3. That is, torque T6 is greater than force F3. Thus,rotor 204 disengages fromspring 206 for normal operation of phaser 200 (engine E is activated andphaser 200 is controlling camshaft C). - In an example embodiment of the second circumferential position,
stator 202 displacesportion 216 radially inwardly. Thus, in the first circumferential position ofrotor 204,portion 216 is atradial distance 218 from axis AR and in the second circumferential position ofrotor 204, portion, 216 is atradial distance 220, less thandistance 218 from axis AR. - In the example of
FIGS. 5 and 6 ,spring 206 does not contactsurface 208 oncerotor 204 rotates out of the second circumferential position ofFIG. 6 into the first circumferential position ofFIG. 5 andphaser 200 is in the normal operating mode. -
Stator 202 includes radially inwardly extendingend stop 224. In the example ofFIGS. 5 and 6 ,protrusion 210 is in contact withstop 224 in the second circumferential position. However, it should be understood that is not necessary forprotrusion 204 to be in contact withstop 224 in the second circumferential position. - In the example of
FIGS. 5 and 6 :rotor 204 includesslot 226, a least a portion of which is insurface 212;spring 206 includesportion 227, located inslot 226, withends slot 226; andportion 216 ofspring 206 extends radially outwardlypast surface 212. In an example embodiment,stator 202 includesposts 232 engaged withspring 206 and retainingspring 206 inslot 226. In an example embodiment: ends 228 and 230 are in contact withwalls slot 226 in the first and second circumferential positions. Force F4, applied bystator 202 onspring 206 in the second circumferential position, causesspring 206 to flex. - In an example embodiment: end stop 224 is the only radially inwardly projecting end stop for
stator 202;rotor 204 includes radially outwardly extendingprotrusion 238;protrusions rotor 204; and end stop 224 is circumferentially disposed betweenprotrusions -
FIG. 8 is a cut-away view ofcamshaft phaser 300 with a rotor in a first circumferential position associated with an operating mode forphaser 300. -
FIG. 9 is a cut-away view ofcamshaft phaser 300 ofFIG. 8 with the rotor in a second circumferential position associated with a locked mode forphaser 300. -
FIG. 10 is a block diagram includingcamshaft phaser 300 ofFIGS. 8 and 9 . The following should be viewed in light ofFIGS. 8 through 10 .Camshaft phaser 300 includesstator 302,rotor 304, axis of rotation AR forstator 302 androtor 304, andwave spring 306 non-rotatably connected torotor 304.Stator 302 is arranged to receive rotational torque T7 from engine E, via crankshaft CK and chain or belt CH, and includes radially inwardly facingsurface 308. Rotor 304: is arranged to non-rotatably connect to camshaft C; is arranged to be connected to electric motor EM; and includes radially outwardly extendingprotrusion 310.Protrusion 310 includes radiallyouter surface 312.Surface 308 includes radially outwardly extendingindent 314. - As is known in the art, in the operating mode in which engine E is running and torque T7 is being transmitted to
stator 302 in direction CD1: motor EM rotatesrotor 304 and camshaft C in direction CD1 and motor EM simultaneously rotatesrotor 304, with respect tostator 302, in opposite circumferential directions CD1 and CD2 as needed, using gearbox phasing unit GPU to set a control angle forrotor 304 and control phasing of camshaft C with respect tostator 302. - In the second circumferential position of
rotor 304 with respect tostator 302, shown inFIG. 9 ,portion 316 ofspring 306 is disposed inindent 314. As further described below, the engagement ofportion 316 withindent 314 maintainsrotor 304 in the second circumferential position when engine E is de-energized. It should be understood that the exact circumferential position ofrotor 304 inFIG. 8 is an example of the plurality of specific circumferential positions possible during the operating mode whenportion 316 is not engaged withindent 314. Stated otherwise, any position ofrotor 304 in which spring 306 is not in contact with radiallyouter surface 312 is considered the first circumferential position. - As discussed above, a problem for a known camshaft phaser is “drift” of a rotor for the phaser at engine shut-down. For example, camshaft C applies torque T8 to
rotor 304 upon shut-down of engine E. Note that torque T8 is shown in opposite circumferential directions CD1 and CD2, since the torque may oscillate between directions CD1 and CD2 after shutdown of engine E. Advantageously, the engagement ofspring 306 withindent 314 provides a means of providing a known position ofrotor 304 upon engine start up. - For example, upon shut-down of engine E, control signal CSG is sent from electronic control unit ECU to motor EM. In response to signal CSG, motor EM rotates
rotor 304, in the example ofFIGS. 8 and 9 , in circumferential direction CD2, untilportion 316 engagesindent 314.Spring 306 applies frictional force FF3 torotor 304. Force FF3 resists rotation ofrotor 304 with force F5 greater than torque T8. Thus forces F5 and FF3 prevent torque T8 fromrotating rotor 304 androtor 304 remains in the known position ofFIG. 9 for engine start up. - Upon engine start-up, motor EM rotates, in the example of
FIGS. 8 and 9 ,rotor 304 in direction CD1 with torque T9 to overcome the resistance from friction force FF3. Thus,rotor 304 disengages fromspring 306 for normal operation of phaser 300 (engine E is activated andphaser 100 is controlling camshaft C). - In an example embodiment of the second circumferential position,
stator 302 displacesportion 316 radially inwardly. Thus, in the first circumferential position,portion 316 is atradial distance 318 from axis AR and in the second circumferential position portion, 316 is atradial distance 320, greater thandistance 318 from axis AR. - In the example of
FIGS. 8 and 9 ,spring 306 contacts surface 308, oncerotor 304 rotates out of the second circumferential position andphaser 300 is in the operating mode. -
Stator 302 includes radially inwardly extendingend stop 324. In the example ofFIGS. 8 and 9 protrusion 304 is in contact withstop 324 in the second circumferential position. However, it should be understood that is not necessary forprotrusion 304 to be in contact withstop 324 in the second circumferential position. - In the example of
FIGS. 8 and 9 :rotor 304 includesslot 326, a least a portion of which is insurface 312;spring 306 includesportion 327, located inslot 326, withends slot 326; andportion 316 ofspring 306 extends radially outwardlypast surface 312. In an example embodiment: ends 328 and 330 are in contact withwalls slot 326 in the first and second circumferential positions. Force F6, applied bystator 302 onspring 306 in the second circumferential position, causesspring 306 to flex. - In an example embodiment: end stop 324 is the only radially inwardly projecting end stop for
stator 302;rotor 304 includes radially outwardly extendingprotrusion 336;protrusions rotor 304; and end stop 324 is circumferentially disposed betweenprotrusions 310 and 338. - The following should be viewed in light of
FIGS. 1 through 4 . The following describes a method of using a camshaft phaser with rotor lock. Although the method is presented as a sequence of steps for clarity, no order should be inferred from the sequence unless explicitly stated. A first step non-rotatably connectsrotor 104 to camshaft C. A second step connectsrotor 104 to electric motor EM. A third step receives, withstator 102, rotational torque Ti in direction CD1 from engine E. A fourth step rotates, with gearbox phasing unit GPU, camshaft C in direction CD1. A fifth step removes torque Ti fromstator 102 by shutting engine E off. A sixth step rotates, with electric motor EM,rotor 104 in direction CD2 with respect tostator 102. A seventh step disposesportion 116 ofspring 106 inindent 114 inrotor 104. An eighth step receives, onrotor 104 and from camshaft C, rotational torque T2. A ninth step blocks, with engagement ofportion 116 withindent 114, rotation ofrotor 104 with respect tostator 102. A tenth step keepsportion 116 inindent 114. - An eleventh tenth step receives, with the stator, rotational torque Ti in direction CD1 from engine E. A twelfth step rotates, with electric motor EM,
rotor 104 in direction CD1 with respect tostator 102. A thirteenth step disengagesportion 116 fromindent 114. In an example embodiment, rotating, with electric motor EM,rotor 104 in direction CD1 with respect tostator 102 includes avoiding contact betweenspring 106 and radially inwardly facingsurface 108 ofstator 102. In an example embodiment, rotating, with electric motor EM,rotor 104 in direction CD2 with respect tostator 102 in the sixth step includes contacting end stop 124 withprotrusion 110. - Disposing
portion 116 ofspring 106 inindent 114 inrotor 104 includes applying frictional force FF1 torotor 102 withspring 106. Blocking, with engagement ofportion 116 withindent 114, rotation ofrotor 104 with respect tostator 102 includes blocking, with frictional force FF1 and force F1 greater than torque T2. - The following should be viewed in light of
FIGS. 5 through 7 . The following describes a method of using a camshaft phaser with rotor lock. Although the method is presented as a sequence of steps for clarity, no order should be inferred from the sequence unless explicitly stated. A first step non-rotatably connectsrotor 204 to camshaft C. A second step connectsrotor 204 to electric motor EM. A third step receives, withstator 202, rotational torque T4 in direction CD1 from engine E. A fourth step rotates, with gearbox phasing unit GPU, camshaft C in direction CD1. A fifth step removes torque T4 fromstator 202 by shutting engine E off. A sixth step rotates, with electric motor EM,rotor 204 in direction CD2 with respect tostator 102. A seventh step disposesportion 216 ofspring 206 inindent 214 instator 202. An eighth step receives, onrotor 204 and from camshaft C, rotational torque T5. A ninth step blocks, with engagement ofportion 216 withindent 114, rotation ofrotor 204 with respect tostator 202. A tenth step keepsportion 216 inindent 214. - An eleventh tenth step receives, with the stator, rotational torque T4 in direction CD1 from engine E. A twelfth step rotates, with electric motor EM,
rotor 204 in direction CD1 with respect tostator 202. A thirteenth step disengagesportion 216 fromindent 214. In an example embodiment, rotating, with electric motor EM,rotor 204 in direction CD1 with respect tostator 202 includes avoiding contact betweenspring 206 and radially inwardly facingsurface 208 ofstator 202. In an example embodiment, rotating, with electric motor EM,rotor 204 in direction CD2 with respect tostator 202 in the sixth step includes contacting end stop 224 withprotrusion 210. - Disposing
portion 216 ofspring 206 inindent 214 instator 202 includes applying frictional force FF2 torotor 202 withspring 206. Blocking, with engagement ofportion 216 withindent 214, rotation ofrotor 204 with respect tostator 202 includes blocking, with frictional force FF2 and force F3 greater than torque T5. - The following should be viewed in light of
FIGS. 8 through 10 . The following describes a method of using a camshaft phaser with rotor lock. Although the method is presented as a sequence of steps for clarity, no order should be inferred from the sequence unless explicitly stated. A first step non-rotatably connectsrotor 304 to camshaft C. A second step connectsrotor 304 to electric motor EM. A third step receives, withstator 302, rotational torque T7 in direction CD1 from engine E. A fourth step rotates, with gearbox phasing unit GPU, camshaft C in direction CD1. A fifth step removes torque T7 fromstator 302 by shutting engine E off. A sixth step rotates, with electric motor EM,rotor 304 in direction CD2 with respect tostator 302. A seventh step disposesportion 316 ofspring 306 inindent 314 instator 302. An eighth step receives, onrotor 304 and from camshaft C, rotational torque T8. A ninth step blocks, with engagement ofportion 316 withindent 314, rotation ofrotor 304 with respect tostator 302. A tenth step keepsportion 316 inindent 314. - An eleventh tenth step receives, with the stator, rotational torque T7 in direction CD1 from engine E. A twelfth step rotates, with electric motor EM,
rotor 304 in direction CD1 with respect tostator 302. A thirteenth step disengagesportion 316 fromindent 314. In an example embodiment, rotating, with electric motor EM,rotor 304 in direction CD2 with respect tostator 302 in the sixth step includes contacting end stop 324 withprotrusion 310. - Disposing
portion 316 ofspring 306 inindent 314 instator 302 includes applying frictional force FF3 torotor 302 withspring 306. Blocking, with engagement ofportion 316 withindent 314, rotation ofrotor 304 with respect tostator 302 includes blocking, with frictional force FF3 and force F5 greater than torque T8. -
Camshaft phaser 100 is not limited to the exact location ofspring 106 shown. For example, inFIGS. 2 and 3 ,spring 106 is located such that in the locked position ofFIG. 3 ,rotor 104 is locked in a full retard position. However,spring 106 can be located on the other side of end stop 124 (between end stop 124 and protrusion 138) andindent 114 can be located onprotrusion 138 so that the locked position ofrotor 104 is in the full advance position withprotrusion 138 in contact withend stop 124. As well,spring 106 can be located further away fromend stop 124 in direction CD1 so that the locked position forrotor 104 is between the full retard and full advance position. Also, directions CD1 and CD2 can be reversed and the locations ofspring 106 andindent 114 moved as needed. For example, with directions CD1 and CD2 reversed, the full retard position ofFIG. 3 is a full advance position. -
Camshaft phaser 200 is not limited to the exact location ofspring 206 shown. For example, inFIGS. 5 and 6 ,spring 206 is located such that in the locked position ofFIG. 6 ,rotor 204 is locked in a full retard position. However,spring 206 can be located onprotrusion 238 andindent 214 can be located so that the locked position ofrotor 204 is in the full advance position withprotrusion 238 in contact withend stop 224. As well, indent 214 can be located further away fromend stop 224 in direction CD1 so that the locked position forrotor 204 is between the full retard and full advance position. Also, directions CD1 and CD2 can be reversed and the locations ofspring 206 andindent 214 moved as needed. For example, with directions CD1 and CD2 reversed, the full retard position inFIG. 6 is a full advance position. - The discussion for
camshaft phaser 200 with respect to positions forspring 206 andindent 214 and the reversal of directions CD1 and CD2 is applicable tocamshaft phaser 300. - Advantageously,
phasers rotors FIGS. 3, 6, and 9 , respectively. In the locked mode,portions indents Springs rotors -
Springs rotors phasers rotor 104 orstator 202, respectively, in the operating mode. For example this clearance is enabled by:protrusions 122 which extend radially inward to defineindent 114 and enable a travel path forspring 106 free of contact withstator 108; andprotrusions 222 which extend radially outward to defineindent 214 and enable a travel path forspring 206 free of contact withrotor 204. Thus,spring springs - It will be appreciated that various of the above-disclosed and other features and functions, or alternatives thereof, may be desirably combined into many other different systems or applications. Various presently unforeseen or unanticipated alternatives, modifications, variations, or improvements therein may be subsequently made by those skilled in the art which are also intended to be encompassed by the following claims.
-
- 10 cylindrical system
- 11 axis of rotation
- AD1 axial direction
- AD2 axial direction
- R radius
- 12 object
- 13 object
- 14 object
- 15A surface
- 15B surface
- 15C edge
- 16A surface
- 16B edge
- 17A radius
- 17B radius
- 18 surface
- 19 circumference
- 20 radius
- C camshaft
- CD1 circumferential direction
- CD2 circumferential direction
- CH chain or belt
- CK crankshaft
- CSG control signal
- E engine
- ECU electronic control unit
- EM electric motor
- F1 force from FF1
- F2 force on
spring 106 - F3 force from FF2
- F4 force on
spring 206 - F5 force from FF3
- F6 force on
spring 306 - FF1 frictional force
- FF2 frictional force
- FF3 frictional force
- GPU gearbox phasing unit
- T1 torque from engine E
- T2 torque from camshaft C
- T3 torque from motor EM
- T4 torque from engine E
- T5 torque from camshaft C
- T6 torque from motor EM
- T7 torque from engine E
- T8 torque from camshaft C
- T9 torque from motor EM
- 100 camshaft phaser
- 102 stator
- 104 rotor
- 106 wave spring
- 108 radially inwardly facing surface of
stator 102 - 110 protrusion for
rotor 104 - 112 radially outer surface of
protrusion 110 - 114 indent in
surface 112 - 116 portion of
spring 106 - 118 radial distance
- 120 radial distance
- 122 protrusion on
surface 112 - 124 end stop of
stator 102 - 126 slot in
stator 102 - 127 portion of
spring 106 - 128 end of
spring 106 - 130 end of
spring 106 - 132 post
- 134 wall of
slot 126 - 136 wall of
slot 126 - 138 protrusion for
rotor 104 - 200 camshaft phaser
- 202 stator
- 204 rotor
- 206 wave spring
- 208 radially inwardly facing surface of
stator 202 - 210 protrusion for
rotor 204 - 212 radially outer surface of
protrusion 210 - 214 indent in
surface 112 - 116 portion of
spring 106 - 218 radial distance
- 220 radial distance
- 222 protrusion on
surface 208 - 224 end stop of
stator 202 - 226 slot in
rotor 204 - 227 portion of
spring 206 - 228 end of
spring 206 - 230 end of
spring 206 - 232 post
- 234 wall of
slot 226 - 236 wall of
slot 226 - 238 protrusion for
rotor 204 - 300 camshaft phaser
- 302 stator
- 304 rotor
- 306 wave spring
- 308 radially inwardly facing surface of
stator 302 - 310 protrusion for
rotor 304 - 312 radially outer surface of
protrusion 310 - 314 indent in
surface 312 - 316 portion of
spring 306 - 318 radial distance
- 320 radial distance
- 324 end stop of
stator 302 - 326 slot in
rotor 304 - 327 portion of
spring 306 - 328 end of
spring 306 - 330 end of
spring 306 - 332 wall of
slot 326 - 336 wall of
slot 326 - 338 protrusion for
rotor 304
Claims (20)
1. A camshaft phaser, comprising:
a stator arranged to receive rotational torque from an engine and including a radially inwardly facing surface;
a rotor:
arranged to non-rotatably connect to a camshaft;
arranged to be connected to an electric motor; and,
including a first radially outwardly extending protrusion, the first radially outwardly extending protrusion including a radially outer surface;
an axis of rotation for the stator and rotor; and,
a spring, wherein:
the electric motor is arranged to rotate the rotor with respect to the stator; and,
the radially outer surface includes an indent, the spring is non-rotatably connected to the stator, in a first circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator, no portion of the spring is disposed in the indent, and in a second circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator, a first portion of the spring is disposed in the indent; or,
the radially inwardly facing surface includes an indent, the spring is non-rotatably connected to the rotor, in a first circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator, no portion of the spring is disposed in the indent, and in a second circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator, a first portion of the spring is disposed in the indent.
2. The camshaft phaser of claim 1 , wherein:
the radially outer surface includes the indent and the spring is non-rotatably connected to the stator; and,
in the second circumferential position of the rotor:
the spring applies a frictional force to the rotor;
the frictional force blocks rotation of the rotor with respect to the stator with a first force; and,
a first torque received by the rotor from the camshaft is less than the first force.
3. The camshaft phaser of claim 2 , wherein to transition out of the second circumferential position of the rotor:
the rotor is arranged to receive a second torque, greater than the first force, from the electric motor; and,
the rotor rotates in a circumferential direction to displace the first portion of the spring from the indent.
4. The camshaft phaser of claim 2 , wherein:
the stator includes a slot, a least a portion of which is in the radially inwardly facing surface;
the spring includes first and second ends disposed within the slot; and,
the first portion of the spring extends radially inwardly past the radially inwardly facing surface.
5. The camshaft phaser of claim 2 , wherein:
in the first circumferential position of the rotor, the first portion of the spring is at a first radial distance from the axis of rotation; and,
in the second circumferential position of the rotor, the first portion of the spring is at a second radial distance, greater than the first radial distance, from the axis of rotation.
6. The camshaft phaser of claim 1 , wherein:
the radially inwardly facing surface includes the indent and the spring is non-rotatably connected to the rotor; and,
in the second circumferential position of the rotor:
the spring applies a frictional force to the stator;
the frictional force blocks rotation of the rotor with respect to the stator with a first force; and,
a first torque received by the rotor from the camshaft is less than the first force.
7. The camshaft phaser of claim 6 , wherein to transition out of the second circumferential position of the rotor:
the rotor is arranged to receive a second torque, greater than the first force, from the electric motor; and,
the rotor rotates in a circumferential direction to displace the first portion of the spring from the indent.
8. The camshaft phaser of claim 6 , wherein:
the rotor includes a slot in the radially outer surface;
the spring includes first and second ends disposed within the slot; and,
the first portion of the spring extends radially outwardly past the radially outer surface.
9. The camshaft phaser of claim 6 , wherein:
in the first circumferential position of the rotor, the first portion of the spring is at a first radial distance from the axis of rotation; and,
in the second circumferential position of the rotor, the first portion of the spring is at a second radial distance, less than the first radial distance, from the axis of rotation.
10. The camshaft phaser of claim 1 , wherein:
the stator includes a radially inwardly projecting end stop;
the radially inwardly projecting end stop is the only radially inwardly projecting end stop for the stator;
the rotor includes a second radially outwardly extending protrusion;
the first and second radially outwardly extending protrusions are the only radially outwardly extending protrusions for the rotor; and,
the radially inwardly projecting end stop is circumferentially disposed between the first and second radially outwardly extending protrusions.
11. A camshaft phaser, comprising:
a stator arranged to receive rotational torque from an engine and including:
a radially inwardly facing surface; and,
a slot in the radially inwardly facing surface;
a rotor:
arranged to non-rotatably connect to a camshaft;
arranged to be connected to an electric motor; and,
including a first radially outwardly extending protrusion, the first radially outwardly extending protrusion including a radially outer surface with an indent;
an axis of rotation for the stator and rotor; and,
a spring non-rotatably connected to the stator and including a first portion disposed in the slot, wherein:
the electric motor is arranged to rotate the rotor with respect to the stator;
in a first circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator:
no portion of the spring is disposed in the indent; and,
a second portion of the spring extends radially inwardly past the radially inwardly facing surface; and,
in a second circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator, the second portion of the spring is disposed in the indent.
12. A camshaft phaser, comprising:
a stator arranged to receive rotational torque from an engine and including a radially inwardly facing surface with an indent;
a rotor:
arranged to non-rotatably connect to a camshaft;
arranged to be connected to an electric motor; and,
including a first radially outwardly extending protrusion, the first radially outwardly extending protrusion including a radially outer surface and a slot in the radially outer surface;
an axis of rotation for the stator and rotor; and,
a spring non-rotatably connected to the rotor and including a first portion disposed in the slot, wherein:
the electric motor is arranged to rotate the rotor with respect to the stator;
in a first circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator:
no portion of the spring is disposed in the indent; and,
a second portion of the spring extends radially outwardly past the radially outer surface; and,
in a second circumferential position of the rotor with respect to the stator, the second portion of the spring is disposed in the indent.
13. A method of using the camshaft phaser of claim 1 , comprising:
non-rotatably connecting the rotor to the camshaft;
connecting the rotor to the electric motor;
receiving, with the stator, first rotational torque from the engine;
rotating the camshaft with a gearbox phasing unit;
removing, from the stator, the first rotational torque by shutting off the engine;
rotating, in response to removing the first rotational torque and with the electric motor, the rotor, with respect to the stator;
disposing the first portion of the spring in the indent;
receiving, on the rotor and from the camshaft, a second rotational torque; and,
blocking, with engagement of the first portion with the indent, rotation of the rotor with respect to the stator.
14. The method of claim 13 , further comprising:
receiving, with the stator, a third rotational torque from the engine;
rotating, in response to receiving the third rotational torque and with the electric motor, the rotor, with respect to the stator; and,
disengaging the first portion from the indent.
15. The method of claim 14 ,
wherein:
the spring is non-rotatably connected to the stator; and,
rotating, in response to receiving the third rotational torque and with the electric motor, the rotor, with respect to the stator includes avoiding contact between the spring and the rotor; or,
wherein:
the spring is non-rotatably connected to the rotor; and,
rotating, in response to receiving the third rotational torque and with the electric motor, the rotor, with respect to the stator, includes avoiding contact between the spring and the stator; or,
wherein rotating, in response to removing the first rotational torque and with the electric motor, the rotor, with respect to the stator includes contacting the first radially outwardly extending protrusion with an end stop for the stator.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein
disposing the first portion of the spring in the indent includes applying a frictional force, with the spring to the rotor or the stator; or,
blocking, with the engagement of the first portion with the indent, rotation of the rotor with respect to the stator includes blocking, with a frictional force between the spring and the rotor.
17. A method of using the camshaft phaser of claim 11 , comprising:
non-rotatably connecting the rotor to the camshaft;
connecting the rotor to the electric motor;
receiving, with the stator, first rotational torque from the engine;
rotating the camshaft with a gearbox phasing unit;
removing, from the stator, the first rotational torque by shutting off the engine;
rotating, in response to removing the first rotational torque and with the electric motor, the rotor, with respect to the stator;
disposing the second portion of the spring in the indent;
receiving, on the rotor and from the camshaft, a second rotational torque; and,
blocking, with engagement of the second portion with the indent, rotation of the rotor with respect to the stator.
18. The method of claim 17 , further comprising:
receiving, with the stator, third rotational torque from the engine;
rotating, in response to receiving the third rotational torque and with the electric motor, the rotor, with respect to the stator; and,
disengaging the second portion from the indent.
19. A method of using the camshaft phaser of claim 12 , comprising:
non-rotatably connecting the rotor to the camshaft;
connecting the rotor to the electric motor;
receiving, with the stator, first rotational torque from the engine;
rotating the camshaft with a gearbox phasing unit;
removing, from the stator, the first rotational torque by shutting off the engine;
rotating, in response to removing the first rotational torque and with the electric motor, the rotor, with respect to the stator;
disposing the second portion of the spring in the indent;
receiving, on the rotor and from the camshaft, second rotational torque; and,
blocking, with engagement of the second portion with the indent, rotation of the rotor with respect to the stator.
20. The method of claim 19 , further comprising:
receiving, with the stator, third rotational torque from the engine;
rotating, in response to receiving the third rotational torque and with the electric motor, the rotor, with respect to the stator; and,
disengaging the second portion from the indent.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/595,984 US10132210B1 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2017-05-16 | Electric camshaft phaser with detent and method thereof |
PCT/US2018/030074 WO2018212969A1 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2018-04-30 | Electric camshaft phaser with detent and method thereof |
DE112018002544.6T DE112018002544T5 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2018-04-30 | Electric camshaft adjuster with locking element and manufacturing process |
CN201880028876.3A CN110612383B (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2018-04-30 | Electric camshaft phaser with brake and method therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US15/595,984 US10132210B1 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2017-05-16 | Electric camshaft phaser with detent and method thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US10132210B1 US10132210B1 (en) | 2018-11-20 |
US20180334932A1 true US20180334932A1 (en) | 2018-11-22 |
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US15/595,984 Active 2037-07-28 US10132210B1 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2017-05-16 | Electric camshaft phaser with detent and method thereof |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US10132210B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN110612383B (en) |
DE (1) | DE112018002544T5 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018212969A1 (en) |
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USD902252S1 (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2020-11-17 | Transportation IP Holdings, LLP | Modular cam shaft |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE19834143B4 (en) | 1998-07-29 | 2014-03-20 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Device for changing the timing of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine, in particular camshaft adjusting device with impeller |
DE10013479A1 (en) | 2000-03-18 | 2001-09-20 | Schaeffler Waelzlager Ohg | Valve control time varying device for internal combustion engine has at least one sealing element in form of radially sprung sealing roller in axial groove |
JP3952015B2 (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2007-08-01 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Valve timing control device |
GB0601590D0 (en) | 2006-01-26 | 2006-03-08 | Delphi Tech Inc | Cam drive apparatus and method |
JP4552902B2 (en) | 2006-06-22 | 2010-09-29 | 株式会社デンソー | Valve timing adjustment device |
WO2010026645A1 (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2010-03-11 | 日鍛バルブ株式会社 | Cam shaft phase variable device in engine for automobile |
DE102010060263B4 (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2014-08-21 | Hilite Germany Gmbh | Schwenkmotorversteller |
US8677961B2 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2014-03-25 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Harmonic drive camshaft phaser with lock pin for selectivley preventing a change in phase relationship |
JP2014240639A (en) | 2013-06-12 | 2014-12-25 | 株式会社デンソー | Valve timing adjusting device |
DE102014206099A1 (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2015-10-01 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Phaser |
US9341089B2 (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2016-05-17 | RB Distribution, Inc. | Camshaft phaser |
DE112015002518B4 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2017-11-16 | Borgwarner Inc. | Camshaft adjuster systems and associated adjuster with lock |
DE102015114005A1 (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2016-03-17 | Hilite Germany Gmbh | Phaser |
CN107278238B (en) | 2015-02-25 | 2019-12-27 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Camshaft phaser with neutral and retard-locked positions |
KR101655225B1 (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-09-22 | 현대자동차 주식회사 | Valve timing control device of internal combustion engine |
-
2017
- 2017-05-16 US US15/595,984 patent/US10132210B1/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-04-30 CN CN201880028876.3A patent/CN110612383B/en active Active
- 2018-04-30 WO PCT/US2018/030074 patent/WO2018212969A1/en active Application Filing
- 2018-04-30 DE DE112018002544.6T patent/DE112018002544T5/en active Pending
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US10132210B1 (en) | 2018-11-20 |
CN110612383B (en) | 2021-11-02 |
CN110612383A (en) | 2019-12-24 |
WO2018212969A1 (en) | 2018-11-22 |
DE112018002544T5 (en) | 2020-02-13 |
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