US20180305982A1 - Top Drive System and Method - Google Patents
Top Drive System and Method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20180305982A1 US20180305982A1 US15/956,699 US201815956699A US2018305982A1 US 20180305982 A1 US20180305982 A1 US 20180305982A1 US 201815956699 A US201815956699 A US 201815956699A US 2018305982 A1 US2018305982 A1 US 2018305982A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- top drive
- torque tube
- guide
- travelling block
- mast
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
- E21B3/022—Top drives
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/16—Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints
Definitions
- Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to a top drive system comprising a torque tube, wherein the torque tube is connected to a travelling block and transfers top drive reaction forces into a mast structure.
- the present disclosure also relates to a method for installing such top drive system.
- the drilling rig also includes a mast and a hoisting system that includes a traveling block, a crown block, and drawworks to enable a top drive to be raised and lowered with respect to a drill floor.
- the drill string is suspended from the top drive through a hole in the drill floor and through surface equipment, e.g., a blowout preventer in the cellar.
- the drill string can be rotated by the top drive and can be raised and lowered with the top drive (via the traveling block) to facilitate drilling operations.
- top drive system of the disclosure includes an integrated torque tube suspended from a travelling block.
- the integrated torque tube is used for guiding and transferring torque from the top drive into a guide dolly.
- the integrated torque tube allows one dolly to guide both a top drive and a travelling block simultaneously and to transfer reaction forces into guide rails/tracks.
- the integrated torque tube also allows the top drive to slide up/down vertically along the torque tube when doing connections to new drill pipes.
- a torsional stiff rectangular tube is bolted to a mating face on the traveling block.
- the torque tube length mates with the top drive configuration so that the top drive might be aligned with the travelling block as well as enabling the transfer all reaction forces from drilling and make-up and break-out.
- the torque tube might comprise a rectangular shape that mates with a torque bracket that acts as a large square key, providing a sliding connection with minor torsional slack. The sliding function allows the top drive system to be hoisted when energizing a weight compensating system.
- the overall system might be designed so that when pivoting the dolly arms, the entire top drive and travelling block are retracted backwards towards the guide rails, which allows a pipe racking system to handle pipe in/out from well center simultaneously as the top drive is hoisted/lowered from its position for the next tripping sequence.
- the top drive may be guided by a retractable dolly that runs in a set of guide rails.
- the top drive and dolly may be fully extended, leading to the top drive center line being aligned with the well center line.
- the top drive, travelling block, torque tube, and guide dolly may be transported as one assembled unit.
- FIG. 5 is a view of one embodiment of a top drive of the disclosure guided by a retractable dolly;
- Embodiments of top drive system 46 of the disclosure enable a single guide dolly assembly 38 to be used for guiding of top drive 30 and travelling block 22 .
- a single guide dolly assembly 38 may retract/extend travelling block 22 and top drive 30 simultaneously while maintaining a common center line for both during the movement.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This application claims the priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/487,704 titled “TOP DRIVE SYSTEM AND METHOD,” filed Apr. 20, 2017, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
- The invention relates to a top drive system and method utilizing a top drive, a torque tube, and a traveling block, wherein the torque tube is connected to the travelling block on one side and to the top drive on the other side.
- This section is intended to introduce the reader to various aspects of art that may be related to various aspects of the presently described embodiments. This discussion is believed to be helpful in providing the reader with background information to facilitate a better understanding of the various aspects of the present embodiments. Accordingly, it should be understood that these statements are to be read in this light, and not as admissions of prior art.
- In order to meet consumer and industrial demand for natural resources, companies often invest significant amounts of time and money in finding and extracting oil, natural gas, and other subterranean resources from the earth. Particularly, once a desired subterranean resource such as oil or natural gas is discovered, drilling and production systems are often employed to access and extract the resource. These systems may be located onshore or offshore depending on the location of a desired resource.
- Whether onshore or offshore, a drilling rig can be provided to drill a well to access the desired resource. A drill string can be suspended from the drilling rig and rotated to drill the well. While the drill string can be suspended from a kelly and driven by a rotary table on the drill floor of the drilling rig, in some instances the drill string is instead suspended from and driven by a top drive of the drilling rig. Such a top drive generally includes a drive stem (also referred to as a main shaft) that can be connected to the drill string. A motor in the top drive is connected to the drive stem to drive rotation of the drill string via the drive stem. The top drive can be raised and lowered via a mast and a hoisting system to raise and lower the drill string within the well.
- A torque tube may be used for guiding and transferring torque from a top drive into the mast structure. The known torque tube may be suspended underneath the mast top. A lower end of the torque tube may be fixed to a transverse reaction beam that transfers top drive reaction forces into the mast structure.
- Certain aspects of some embodiments disclosed herein are set forth below. It should be understood that these aspects are presented merely to provide the reader with a brief summary of certain forms the invention might take and that these aspects are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Indeed, the invention may encompass a variety of aspects that may not be set forth below.
- Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to a top drive system comprising a torque tube, wherein the torque tube is connected to a travelling block and transfers top drive reaction forces into a mast structure. The present disclosure also relates to a method for installing such top drive system.
- Turning now to the present disclosure, a drilling system may be operated to drill a well to access a subterranean resource, such as oil or natural gas. In the embodiment depicted, the system includes an onshore drilling rig, although the system could instead be an offshore system in other embodiments. The drilling rig uses a drill string and a drill bit to form the well. It will be appreciated that the drill string can include various members, such as drill pipes, tool joints, drill collars, and a saver sub that prevents wear on a threaded connection of a rotating system (e.g., a top drive) that drives rotation of the drill string.
- The drilling rig also includes a mast and a hoisting system that includes a traveling block, a crown block, and drawworks to enable a top drive to be raised and lowered with respect to a drill floor. The drill string is suspended from the top drive through a hole in the drill floor and through surface equipment, e.g., a blowout preventer in the cellar. The drill string can be rotated by the top drive and can be raised and lowered with the top drive (via the traveling block) to facilitate drilling operations.
- One example of a top drive system of the disclosure includes an integrated torque tube suspended from a travelling block. The integrated torque tube is used for guiding and transferring torque from the top drive into a guide dolly. The integrated torque tube allows one dolly to guide both a top drive and a travelling block simultaneously and to transfer reaction forces into guide rails/tracks. The integrated torque tube also allows the top drive to slide up/down vertically along the torque tube when doing connections to new drill pipes.
- In an embodiment of the disclosure, a torsional stiff rectangular tube is bolted to a mating face on the traveling block. In embodiments, the torque tube length mates with the top drive configuration so that the top drive might be aligned with the travelling block as well as enabling the transfer all reaction forces from drilling and make-up and break-out. On the top drive side, the torque tube might comprise a rectangular shape that mates with a torque bracket that acts as a large square key, providing a sliding connection with minor torsional slack. The sliding function allows the top drive system to be hoisted when energizing a weight compensating system. When the weight compensating system is energized, the top drive becomes lifted relative to the traveling block (as might be in a range of 1-8 inches) and will there be in “float mode”. This means the top drive weight impact on drill pipe thread while doing a spin in is limited to minimum. In embodiments, the torque bracket might be bolted directly onto the top drive gearbox housing.
- In embodiments of the disclosure, a dolly may be connected to the torque tube at approximately the middle of the torque tube length (in known systems, a dolly can be attached directly onto the top drive, and such systems might also include an additional/separate guide dolly for the travelling block). In embodiments of the disclosure, the dolly may be of a retractable type. This means that, in embodiments, the dolly may include two sets of parallel arms that are pivotable in both ends. On the dolly side, a first set of arms may be connected to hydraulic cylinders that, when energized, rotate the arm around a pivot point and thereby move the other end of the arm in towards the dolly frame. The overall system might be designed so that when pivoting the dolly arms, the entire top drive and travelling block are retracted backwards towards the guide rails, which allows a pipe racking system to handle pipe in/out from well center simultaneously as the top drive is hoisted/lowered from its position for the next tripping sequence. The top drive may be guided by a retractable dolly that runs in a set of guide rails. In one example, the top drive and dolly may be fully extended, leading to the top drive center line being aligned with the well center line.
- In embodiments of the disclosure, there is provided a top drive system comprising a top drive, a torque tube, and a traveling block, wherein the torque tube is connected to the travelling block on one side and to the top drive on the other side.
- In embodiments, the dolly may be located above the top drive gearbox, thus enabling the guide rails/tracks to have more clearance to drill floor, therefore allowing more space for drill floor tools to move around.
- In embodiments, the service loop and/or mud hose may be attached at a top level location on the travelling assembly, enabling the lower end of the service loop and/or mud hose bending radius to be higher away from the drill floor, therefore allowing more space for drill floor tools to move around.
- In embodiments, the top drive, travelling block, torque tube, and guide dolly may be transported as one assembled unit.
- In embodiments, the top drive, travelling block, torque tube, and guide dolly may be installed and/or removed from mast as one assembled unit.
- In embodiments, installation of the top drive system during rig move will be made easier as the torque tube keeps the system together as one unit.
- Various refinements of the features noted above may exist in relation to various aspects of the present embodiments. Further features may also be incorporated in these various aspects as well. These refinements and additional features may exist individually or in any combination. For instance, various features discussed below in relation to one or more of the illustrated embodiments may be incorporated into any of the above-described aspects of the present disclosure alone or in any combination. The brief summary presented above is intended only to familiarize the reader with certain aspects and contexts of some embodiments without limitation to the claimed subject matter.
- These and other features, aspects, and advantages of certain embodiments will become better understood when the following detailed description is read with reference to the accompanying drawings in which like characters represent like parts throughout the drawings, wherein:
-
FIG. 1 generally depicts a drilling system having a known top drive; -
FIG. 2 is generally depicts a top drive system in accordance with one embodiment of the disclosure; -
FIG. 3 is a close view of certain components of a top drive, including a top drive gearbox, a torque bracket and an onboard torque tube, in accordance with one embodiment of the disclosure; -
FIG. 4 is a view of a torque tube interacting with a guide dolly in a top drive system in accordance with one embodiment of the disclosure; -
FIG. 5 is a view of one embodiment of a top drive of the disclosure guided by a retractable dolly; -
FIG. 6 is a bottom perspective view of the top drive supported by the drilling rig ofFIG. 1 . - One or more specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below. In an effort to provide a concise description of these embodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not be described in the specification. It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which may vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it should be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure.
- When introducing elements of various embodiments, the articles “a,” “an,” “the,” and “said” are intended to mean that there are one or more of the elements. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements other than the listed elements. Moreover, any use of “top,” “bottom,” “above,” “below,” other directional terms, and variations of these terms is made for convenience, but does not require any particular orientation of the components.
- Referring now to the figures,
drilling system 10 of the invention is shown.Drilling system 10 includes anonshore drilling rig 12 having adrill floor 14, wherein thedrill floor 14 defines a hole.Mast 16 extends abovedrill floor 14.Mast 16 is provided for supporting a hoisting system that includesdrawworks 18,crown block 20, and travelingblock 22.Drawworks 18 is typically located ondrill floor 14.Crown block 20 is typically located near a top ofmast 16 and travelingblock 22 is suspended fromcrown block 20.Mast 16 additionally supports guiderail 24 (FIG. 5 ). - An area under
drill floor 14 is commonly referred to as a cellar, which is designated bynumeral 26. Surface equipment, such asblowout preventer 28, is typically located incellar 26. -
Top drive 30 is attached to travelingblock 22.Top drive 30 includes top drive gear box 32 (FIG. 3 ).Torque bracket 34 is preferably affixed totop drive 30.Torque bracket 34 may be attached adjacent to topdrive gear box 32. - Torque tube 36 (
FIGS. 2-4 ), such as a torsionally stiff rectangular tube, has a first end and a second end. The first end oftorque tube 36 is affixed to travelingblock 22. For example, first end oftorque tube 36 may be bolted onto a mating face of travelingblock 22. The second end oftorque tube 36 may be slidably received intorque bracket 34 that is attached totop drive 30.Torque tube 36 alignstop drive 30 and travelingblock 22. In some embodiments, parking attachment points 37 may be provided intorque tube 36 to allowtop drive system 46 to be fixed, e.g., for transport. For example,attachment point 37 may be a pin orifice for receiving a pin or other structure for preventingtorque bracket 34 from moving relative totorque tube 36. - Guide dolly assembly 38 (
FIGS. 2, 4 ) hasdolly frame 40 anddolly arms 42.Dolly arms 42 may be pivotally affixed totorque tube 36 at a first end and may be pivotally affixed todolly frame 40 at a second end.Guide dolly assembly 38 may additionally be provided with extend/retractcylinders 44 that are attached todolly frame 40 at a first end and attached todolly arms 42 at a second end for pivotingdolly arms 42. By pivotingdolly arms 42,top drive 30 and travelingblock 22 are retracted backwards towards guide rail 24 (FIG. 5 ) for allowing a pipe racking system to handle pipe in/out from a well center simultaneously astop drive 30 is hoisted or lowered from this position for a subsequent tripping sequence. As shown inFIG. 5 ,top drive 30 and guidedolly assembly 38 are fully extended, leading to a center line of thetop drive 30 being aligned with a center line ofwell 48. - Top drive system 46 (
FIG. 2 ) includes travelingblock 22,top drive 30,torque tube 36, and guidedolly assembly 38. - Referring back to
FIG. 1 ,drill string 46 is suspended fromtop drive 30 through the hole indrill floor 14 and through surface equipment, such asblowout preventer 28, into drill well 48.Drill string 46 terminates indrill bit 50. -
Drill string 46 is rotatable bytop drive 30 and may be raised and lowered with top drive via travelingblock 22 to facilitate drilling operations. In operation, embodiments of the disclosures enable forces due to drilling torque and environmental conditions to be transferred fromtop drive gearbox 32 intotorque bracket 34, intotorque tube 36, over to guidedolly assembly 38, and finally into mast rails/tracks 24. -
Torque tube 36, in embodiments of the disclosure, enablestop drive system 46 to act as one common unit. This enables thetop drive system 46 to be transported as one unit. Further, during rig move,top drive system 46 of the disclosure can be parked as one unit inmast 16 during mast lay-down and/or mast rising. In embodiments, some parking attachment points 37 might be included intorque tube 36 to allowtop drive system 46 to be fixed in an easy and safe manner. -
Torque tube 36 is provided for guiding and transferring torque fromtop drive 30 intoguide dolly assembly 38 wherein a singleguide dolly assembly 38 guides bothtop drive 30 and travelingblock 22 simultaneously and transfers reaction forces intoguide rail 24. - Embodiments of
top drive system 46 of the disclosure enable a singleguide dolly assembly 38 to be used for guiding oftop drive 30 and travellingblock 22. In embodiments, a singleguide dolly assembly 38 may retract/extend travellingblock 22 andtop drive 30 simultaneously while maintaining a common center line for both during the movement. - In embodiments,
mud hose 52 may be attached at a top level location on travellingblock 22, enabling the lower end of a bending radius ofmud hose 52 to be higher away from thedrill floor 14, therefore allowing more space for tools ondrill floor 14. - While the aspects of the present disclosure may be susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments have been shown by way of example in the drawings and have been described in detail herein. But it should be understood that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed. Rather, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the following appended claims.
- Thus, the present invention is well adapted to carry out the objectives and attain the ends and advantages mentioned above as well as those inherent therein. While presently preferred embodiments have been described for purposes of this disclosure, numerous changes and modifications will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Such changes and modifications are encompassed within the spirit of this invention as defined by the claims.
Claims (20)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US15/956,699 US20180305982A1 (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2018-04-18 | Top Drive System and Method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US201762487704P | 2017-04-20 | 2017-04-20 | |
US15/956,699 US20180305982A1 (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2018-04-18 | Top Drive System and Method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20180305982A1 true US20180305982A1 (en) | 2018-10-25 |
Family
ID=63853687
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US15/956,699 Abandoned US20180305982A1 (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2018-04-18 | Top Drive System and Method |
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US (1) | US20180305982A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111764846A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-10-13 | 西南石油大学 | Rotary casing running device matched with electric top drive and using method thereof |
US11097929B2 (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2021-08-24 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Top-mounted hoist for use in a derrick or drilling mast of an oil and gas rig |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5433279A (en) * | 1993-07-20 | 1995-07-18 | Tessari; Robert M. | Portable top drive assembly |
US9404318B2 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2016-08-02 | Tesco Corporation | Top drive counter moment system |
US20190145194A1 (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2019-05-16 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Retractable top drive with torque tube |
-
2018
- 2018-04-18 US US15/956,699 patent/US20180305982A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5433279A (en) * | 1993-07-20 | 1995-07-18 | Tessari; Robert M. | Portable top drive assembly |
US9404318B2 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2016-08-02 | Tesco Corporation | Top drive counter moment system |
US20190145194A1 (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2019-05-16 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Retractable top drive with torque tube |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11097929B2 (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2021-08-24 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Top-mounted hoist for use in a derrick or drilling mast of an oil and gas rig |
CN111764846A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-10-13 | 西南石油大学 | Rotary casing running device matched with electric top drive and using method thereof |
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