US20180292039A1 - Single Piece Expansion Sealing Plug - Google Patents
Single Piece Expansion Sealing Plug Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20180292039A1 US20180292039A1 US15/481,117 US201715481117A US2018292039A1 US 20180292039 A1 US20180292039 A1 US 20180292039A1 US 201715481117 A US201715481117 A US 201715481117A US 2018292039 A1 US2018292039 A1 US 2018292039A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- plug
- pin
- tool
- recess
- distal end
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012207 thread-locking agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/10—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses
- F16L55/12—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ
- F16L55/128—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ introduced axially into the pipe or hose
- F16L55/13—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ introduced axially into the pipe or hose the closure device being a plug fixed by plastic deformation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/021—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with elastic packing
- F16J15/022—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with elastic packing characterised by structure or material
- F16J15/024—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with elastic packing characterised by structure or material the packing being locally weakened in order to increase elasticity
- F16J15/025—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with elastic packing characterised by structure or material the packing being locally weakened in order to increase elasticity and with at least one flexible lip
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/10—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses
- F16L55/11—Plugs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
- B25B27/0028—Tools for removing or installing seals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
- F16B13/08—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation
- F16B13/0858—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation with an expansible sleeve or dowel body driven against a tapered or spherical expander plug
Definitions
- the following relates to sealing plugs for holes and passageways. More particularly, the following relates to a single piece expansion sealing plug.
- plugs there are numerous types of plugs available that seal holes. Oftentimes, holes are made in parts for the purposes of connecting other holes together to create internal passageways for fluids. In some cases, holes are made to access internal components that later need to be sealed.
- a number of solutions are available in multi piece plugs such as ball expansion plugs. These ball expansion plugs involve a cylindrical piece with a cylindrical relief cut out from the inside thereof. A ball is press fit into this cylindrical relief to hold the two together. The assembly is placed in a hole that has a two step diameter such that one end of the cylindrical piece inserts into the hole and stops where the diameter steps down. A hammer, such as a pneumatic hammer is then used to further press the ball into the cylindrical piece and thereby expand the cylindrical piece outwardly to seal the hole. While these are types of plugs work very effectively, they suffer a downside in that two pieces are required to be machined and assembled. This adds expense and complexity. Further, the step down installation hole involves two steps for creation thereof.
- a further object is to provide a single piece expansion plug that seals a tapered hole.
- Still a further object is to provide a single piece expansion plug that is capable of withstanding elevated pressures and resisting blow out.
- Yet another object is to provide an installation tool and method of installing a single piece expansion plug that is both reliable and repeatable.
- the plug has an inner recess extending partially into a top of the plug, the inner recess defining a tapered inner wall.
- the plug is installed with a tool having a tapered end at a greater angle with respect to the taper inner wall.
- the tool presses against the tapered inner wall to expand the plug against a hole.
- the tool includes a pin that retracts against a spring to seat the plug in the hole to be sealed such that the pin contacts the plug prior to the tapered inner wall and tapered end coming into contact.
- a single piece expansion plug with an external tapered wall and a recess in the top of the plug.
- the external tapered wall at the recess is configured to expand outwardly against an installation hole to seal said hole.
- the expansion is accomplished through use of a tool with a spring loaded pin that contacts the plug to seat the plug in the hole and retracts to allow an outer tapered end part of the tool contact the plug at the recess to expand the plug against the hole.
- a kit for sealing a hole.
- the kit includes a plug and a tool.
- the plug includes a single piece unitary body with a bottom and a top and a side wall disposed therebetween.
- the side wall is outwardly tapered from the bottom towards the top at a first angle.
- a recess is located in the top and extends partially into the body and terminates at a recess base between the top and bottom.
- An inner wall is defined by the recess and tapers outwardly from the recess base towards the top at a second angle.
- the installation tool includes a tapered end section located at a distal end of the installation tool, the tapered end section tapering inwardly at a third angle that is greater than the second angle.
- a pin is located in a channel extending into the tool from the distal end. The pin is configured to move along a central axis of the tool such that in an extended position, the pin extends beyond the distal end.
- the plug may include a protrusion extending from the recess thereof.
- the protrusion includes a central void therein, the protrusion and central void are aligned along a central axis of the plug.
- the tool inclues a central void at the distal end with a diameter such that the protrusion fits into the central void.
- the first, second and third angles are all different.
- ribs are located on the side wall between the top and the recess base.
- a plug in other aspects, includes a single piece unitary body with a bottom and a top and a side wall disposed therebetween.
- the side wall is outwardly tapered from the bottom towards the top at a first angle.
- a recess is located in the top and extends partially into the body and terminates at a recess base between the top and bottom.
- An inner wall is defined by the recess and tapers outwardly from the recess base towards the top at a second angle.
- a central recess is located at a central axis of the single piece unitary body within the recess.
- a protrusion extends from the recess base and the central recess is located within the protrusion.
- the body is symmetrical around a central axis thereof.
- a plurality of ribs extend around the circumference of the side wall and extending outwardly such that each one of the ribs is separated from the others of the ribs.
- two of the ribs are positioned on the sidewall at a distance from the top that is less than a distance between the top and the recess base.
- the second angle is at least 1.5 times the first angle.
- the first angle is 1-7 degrees and the second angle is 5-15 degrees.
- a method for sealing a hole including the steps of: providing a tapered hole; inserting a plug into the tapered hole, the plug having a single piece unitary body with a bottom and a top and a side wall disposed therebetween, a recess located in the top extends partially into the body, the recess defining an inner wall of the plug; aligning an installation tool with the tapered hole and the plug; moving the installation tool axially towards the hole such that an end section of the installation tool presses on the inner wall to expand the plug outwardly towards the tapered hole.
- a pin is located in a central void of a distal end of the installation tool, an end of the pin configured to move along an central axis of the tool such that in an extended position, the pin extends beyond the distal end and said pin retracts towards the distal end as the end section of the installation tool expands the plug outwardly.
- movement of the pin is resisted by a spring of the installation tool and an installation force for the plug is at least 50 times a total spring force measured at maximum displacement of the pin during installation of the plug.
- movement of the pin is resisted by a spring of the installation tool and a first force is at least twice a second force.
- the first force is exerted by the pin against the plug during the moving step when the end section first makes contact with the inner wall; and the second force is exerted by the pin against the plug at a maximum displacement of the pin.
- movement of the pin is resisted by a spring of the installation tool having a spring rate measured as force/inch, wherein the force in pounds of the spring rate is less than 10% of an installation force in pounds exerted against the plug.
- a tool for installing a plug which seals a hole.
- the tool includes a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end being thicker than the distal end.
- a pin is located in an interior channel and aligned with a central axis of the tool. The interior channel extends to the distal end.
- the pin is connected to a spring.
- the pin in an extended position protrudes from the distal end at a distance.
- the pin is configured to retract within the channel with resistance from the spring.
- An an end section of the tool is located at the distal end and has an inward taper in a direction from the proximal towards the distal end.
- An inner diameter is located where the channel and distal end meet. The inner diameter is greater than a diameter of the pin such that a space exists between the the pin and the distal end.
- the channel includes female threads and the pin is held in the channel by a threaded member with male threads accessible from the proximal end of said tool.
- the male and female threads are held in a fixed position by a thread locking compound.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1
- FIG. 3 is top view of FIG. 1
- FIG. 4 is bottom view of FIG. 1
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view of FIG. 1
- FIG. 6 shows the tool for installing the plug of FIG. 1
- FIG. 7 shows an exploded view of the tool for installing the plug of FIG. 1
- FIG. 8 shows a sectional view of the tool and plug of FIG. 1 .
- FIGS. 9-16 show the process of installing the plug of FIG. 1
- the plug 2 includes bottom 4 and top 6 ends. As can be seen, the plug is unitary and made of a single piece. In one example, the plug might be machined from a solid piece of metal. Other manufacturing techniques may be used to create the plug for example stamping as well as sintering, casting or other manufacturing techniques that would be apparent to those skilled in the art.
- a side wall 10 extends between the bottom 4 and top 6 ends.
- the side wall is tapered.
- the taper angle matches that of the hole where the plug is to be installed.
- the taper angle 24 of the side wall 10 is 0.075 MM taper/MM. As can be seen, where the side wall 10 and the bottom 4 meet, the edge 11 is rounded.
- the top 6 includes a recess 8 therein.
- the recess defines an inner side wall 14 that is tapered inwardly from the top 6 towards the recess base 9 .
- the taper angle 22 generally ranges from 5-15 degrees.
- the recess base is a flat ring shaped surface.
- Ribs 12 are located on the part of the side wall opposite the inner side wall 14 . As shown, three of these ribs are located between the top 6 and the recess base 9 and one of the ribs is located between the recess base 9 and the bottom 4 . Additional or fewer ribs can be used, depending on the sealing characteristics desired.
- the depth 28 of the recess 8 is defined from the top 6 to the recess base 9 . This depth 28 is in the range of 15-45% of the height 26 of the insert. More particularly, the depth 28 is 20-40% of the height 26 , or more particularly 25-35% or even more particularly 28-33%.
- a central recess 18 is located on a protrusion 16 that extends from the recess base 9 .
- the central recess 18 is located along the central axis 20 of the plug 2 . This central recess 18 is used to contact the pin of the installation tool to help seat the insert with the appropriate force prior to expansion.
- the proximal end 100 has a diameter 101 and is configured to be held and manipulated by a press.
- the tool 200 may be placed into a chuck that holds the tool, the chuck connected to a drive motor which moves the tool to install the plug 2 .
- the distal end 102 of the tool 200 has a diameter 103 that is smaller than the proximal end 100 .
- a channel in the tool has a stop 105 which is configured as a hollow threaded bolt with male threads 118 .
- the hollow end holds the pin 104 and spring 107 .
- the channel 106 of the end 102 includes female threads 116 which correspond to the male threads 118 .
- the stop 105 includes a hex key end that enables the spring tension to be adjusted.
- a stop nut 109 On the opposite end of the spring is a stop nut 109 which threads into the end of the tool to adjust the distance which the pin extends from the end part 108 .
- a thread locking compound such as Loctite® or other suitable compound is used to hold the stop 105 relative to the channel 106 during the press installation operations.
- the diameter 180 of the pin 114 is less than the diameter 112 of the channel at the distal end 102 , this creates a space 181 between the pin and the distal end.
- the protrusion 16 which contains the central recess 18 on the plug 2 fits within this space to allow the distal end and the tapered end part 108 to contact the inner wall 14 and extend into the recess 8 .
- FIGS. 9-15 show an exemplary process of installing the plug 2 in a hole.
- a block 9000 is provided, typically with two passageways 900 , 902 that are to be connected.
- a tapered drill 904 creates a hole in the block, which connects the two passageways 900 , 902 .
- a deburring device 908 finishes the top of the hole and the plug 2 is placed therein.
- the taper 910 of the hole matches the taper 22 of the plug 2 .
- the tool then presses on the plug 2 such that pin 114 contacts the central recess 18 .
- the spring action of the pin 114 allows the pin to retract as the tool presses the plug 2 into the appropriate location in the hole.
- the plug As the tapered end of the end part 108 contacts the wall 14 of the plug 2 , the plug is expanded outwards and the ribs are pressed into the hole in the block.
- the spring force of the pin 114 provides enough force to place the plug 2 in the appropriate position while avoiding excessive scratching of the hole. Such scratches could become leak pathways, which is prevalent in many other non-expansion type plugs.
- the expansion action of the plug as expanded by the tapered end of the tool reduces or eliminates the need to force the plug down into the tapered hole in the block 9000 and instead, outward expansion is obtained to provide improved sealing.
- the forces used to provide the appropriate downward pressure as related to the overall installation force are therefore important for reducing the scratch/drag marks on the hole while providing effective sealing.
- the total downward installation force is 800 pounds force with the spring travel 1500 being 0.125 inches.
- the spring force where end 108 first contacts the wall 14 is 3.0 pounds and defines the contact travel of the spring.
- the total force upon the 0.125 inch travel is 11.0 pounds.
- the spring rate is 56.0 pounds/inch. It is understood that these are exemplary figures which may be adjusted, particularly depending on the size and material of the plug and/or block.
- the stop nut 109 is positioned such that it does not contact the plug at the end of the installation stroke shown at FIG. 15 . Particularly, distance 1400 is greater than the height of the protrusion 16 .
- the plug 2 is made from aluminum and the block 9000 from steel.
- pounds/mm plug diameter is in the range of 75-200 pounds/mm diameter, or more particularly 100-125 pounds/mm diameter.
- the installation force/spring contact force may be in the range of 175-375 or more particularly 225-300 with the spring force measured at first contact of the end 108 during installation.
- the installation force/final spring force is in the range of 50-125 or more particularly 65-85 with the final spring force being when the spring is fully compressed as shown in FIG. 15 .
- the contact travel in the 7 mm plug is approximately 0.05357 inches such that the contact travel is about 42% of the overall travel 1500 .
- This contact travel 1400 may be in the range of 30-50% of the overall travel 1500 .
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A single piece expansion plug and method of using the same in connection with a tool is provided. The plug has an inner recess extending partially into a top of the plug, the inner recess defining a tapered inner wall. The plug is installed with a tool having a tapered end at a greater angle with respect to the taper inner wall. The tool presses against the tapered inner wall to expand the plug against a hole. The tool includes a pin that retracts against a spring to seat the plug in the hole to be sealed such that the pin contacts the plug prior to the tapered inner wall and tapered end coming into contact.
Description
- The following relates to sealing plugs for holes and passageways. More particularly, the following relates to a single piece expansion sealing plug.
- There are numerous types of plugs available that seal holes. Oftentimes, holes are made in parts for the purposes of connecting other holes together to create internal passageways for fluids. In some cases, holes are made to access internal components that later need to be sealed. A number of solutions are available in multi piece plugs such as ball expansion plugs. These ball expansion plugs involve a cylindrical piece with a cylindrical relief cut out from the inside thereof. A ball is press fit into this cylindrical relief to hold the two together. The assembly is placed in a hole that has a two step diameter such that one end of the cylindrical piece inserts into the hole and stops where the diameter steps down. A hammer, such as a pneumatic hammer is then used to further press the ball into the cylindrical piece and thereby expand the cylindrical piece outwardly to seal the hole. While these are types of plugs work very effectively, they suffer a downside in that two pieces are required to be machined and assembled. This adds expense and complexity. Further, the step down installation hole involves two steps for creation thereof.
- Other types of expansion plugs are disclosed in US Pat. Pub. No. 2015/0202754. This type of plug involves a hollow cylinder and an internal tapered piece that is fit to the cylinder. A tool attaches to the internal tapered piece and pulls that piece into the cylinder to expand the cylinder against the hole. This style of plug provides a number of benefits, but is still a two piece plug that may not be suitable for certain applications.
- Although simple plugs that do not expand might be capable of being forced into a hole to seal it, the problem is that as such a plug is forced in, it could scratch the sides of the hole and provide a leakage pathway, thus reducing the ability of such a plug to resist elevated pressures.
- It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a single piece expansion plug that is both cost effective and simple to install.
- A further object is to provide a single piece expansion plug that seals a tapered hole.
- Still a further object is to provide a single piece expansion plug that is capable of withstanding elevated pressures and resisting blow out.
- Yet another object is to provide an installation tool and method of installing a single piece expansion plug that is both reliable and repeatable.
- These and other objects are achieved by providing a single piece expansion plug and method of using the same in connection with a tool is provided. The plug has an inner recess extending partially into a top of the plug, the inner recess defining a tapered inner wall. The plug is installed with a tool having a tapered end at a greater angle with respect to the taper inner wall. The tool presses against the tapered inner wall to expand the plug against a hole. The tool includes a pin that retracts against a spring to seat the plug in the hole to be sealed such that the pin contacts the plug prior to the tapered inner wall and tapered end coming into contact.
- Other objects are achieved by providing a single piece expansion plug with an external tapered wall and a recess in the top of the plug. The external tapered wall at the recess is configured to expand outwardly against an installation hole to seal said hole. The expansion is accomplished through use of a tool with a spring loaded pin that contacts the plug to seat the plug in the hole and retracts to allow an outer tapered end part of the tool contact the plug at the recess to expand the plug against the hole.
- In one aspect a kit is provided for sealing a hole. The kit includes a plug and a tool. The plug includes a single piece unitary body with a bottom and a top and a side wall disposed therebetween. The side wall is outwardly tapered from the bottom towards the top at a first angle. A recess is located in the top and extends partially into the body and terminates at a recess base between the top and bottom. An inner wall is defined by the recess and tapers outwardly from the recess base towards the top at a second angle. The installation tool includes a tapered end section located at a distal end of the installation tool, the tapered end section tapering inwardly at a third angle that is greater than the second angle. A pin is located in a channel extending into the tool from the distal end. The pin is configured to move along a central axis of the tool such that in an extended position, the pin extends beyond the distal end.
- The plug may include a protrusion extending from the recess thereof. The protrusion includes a central void therein, the protrusion and central void are aligned along a central axis of the plug. The tool inclues a central void at the distal end with a diameter such that the protrusion fits into the central void. In some cases the first, second and third angles are all different. In other aspects ribs are located on the side wall between the top and the recess base.
- In other aspects a plug is provided which includes a single piece unitary body with a bottom and a top and a side wall disposed therebetween. The side wall is outwardly tapered from the bottom towards the top at a first angle. A recess is located in the top and extends partially into the body and terminates at a recess base between the top and bottom. An inner wall is defined by the recess and tapers outwardly from the recess base towards the top at a second angle.
- In certain aspects a central recess is located at a central axis of the single piece unitary body within the recess. In other cases, a protrusion extends from the recess base and the central recess is located within the protrusion. In other aspects, the body is symmetrical around a central axis thereof. In other aspects a plurality of ribs extend around the circumference of the side wall and extending outwardly such that each one of the ribs is separated from the others of the ribs. In certain aspects two of the ribs are positioned on the sidewall at a distance from the top that is less than a distance between the top and the recess base. In certain aspects, the second angle is at least 1.5 times the first angle. In other aspects, the first angle is 1-7 degrees and the second angle is 5-15 degrees.
- In other aspects, a method is provided for sealing a hole including the steps of: providing a tapered hole; inserting a plug into the tapered hole, the plug having a single piece unitary body with a bottom and a top and a side wall disposed therebetween, a recess located in the top extends partially into the body, the recess defining an inner wall of the plug; aligning an installation tool with the tapered hole and the plug; moving the installation tool axially towards the hole such that an end section of the installation tool presses on the inner wall to expand the plug outwardly towards the tapered hole.
- In certain aspects, a pin is located in a central void of a distal end of the installation tool, an end of the pin configured to move along an central axis of the tool such that in an extended position, the pin extends beyond the distal end and said pin retracts towards the distal end as the end section of the installation tool expands the plug outwardly. In other aspects, movement of the pin is resisted by a spring of the installation tool and an installation force for the plug is at least 50 times a total spring force measured at maximum displacement of the pin during installation of the plug.
- In other aspects movement of the pin is resisted by a spring of the installation tool and a first force is at least twice a second force. The first force is exerted by the pin against the plug during the moving step when the end section first makes contact with the inner wall; and the second force is exerted by the pin against the plug at a maximum displacement of the pin.
- In other aspects, movement of the pin is resisted by a spring of the installation tool having a spring rate measured as force/inch, wherein the force in pounds of the spring rate is less than 10% of an installation force in pounds exerted against the plug.
- In other aspects, a tool is provided for installing a plug which seals a hole. The tool includes a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end being thicker than the distal end. A pin is located in an interior channel and aligned with a central axis of the tool. The interior channel extends to the distal end. The pin is connected to a spring. The pin, in an extended position protrudes from the distal end at a distance. The pin is configured to retract within the channel with resistance from the spring. An an end section of the tool is located at the distal end and has an inward taper in a direction from the proximal towards the distal end. An inner diameter is located where the channel and distal end meet. The inner diameter is greater than a diameter of the pin such that a space exists between the the pin and the distal end.
- In other aspects the channel includes female threads and the pin is held in the channel by a threaded member with male threads accessible from the proximal end of said tool. In some aspects the male and female threads are held in a fixed position by a thread locking compound.
- Other objects of the invention and its particular features and advantages will become more apparent from consideration of the following drawings and accompanying detailed description.
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a plug according to the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a side view ofFIG. 1 -
FIG. 3 is top view ofFIG. 1 -
FIG. 4 is bottom view ofFIG. 1 -
FIG. 5 is a sectional view ofFIG. 1 -
FIG. 6 shows the tool for installing the plug ofFIG. 1 -
FIG. 7 shows an exploded view of the tool for installing the plug ofFIG. 1 -
FIG. 8 shows a sectional view of the tool and plug ofFIG. 1 . -
FIGS. 9-16 show the process of installing the plug ofFIG. 1 - Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate corresponding structure throughout the views. The following examples are presented to further illustrate and explain the present invention and should not be taken as limiting in any regard.
- The
plug 2 includesbottom 4 and top 6 ends. As can be seen, the plug is unitary and made of a single piece. In one example, the plug might be machined from a solid piece of metal. Other manufacturing techniques may be used to create the plug for example stamping as well as sintering, casting or other manufacturing techniques that would be apparent to those skilled in the art. - A
side wall 10 extends between the bottom 4 and top 6 ends. The side wall is tapered. In one aspect, the taper angle matches that of the hole where the plug is to be installed. In one embodiment, the taper angle 24 of theside wall 10 is 0.075 MM taper/MM. As can be seen, where theside wall 10 and the bottom 4 meet, the edge 11 is rounded. - The top 6 includes a
recess 8 therein. The recess defines aninner side wall 14 that is tapered inwardly from the top 6 towards therecess base 9. Thetaper angle 22 generally ranges from 5-15 degrees. In the example shown, the recess base is a flat ring shaped surface.Ribs 12 are located on the part of the side wall opposite theinner side wall 14. As shown, three of these ribs are located between the top 6 and therecess base 9 and one of the ribs is located between therecess base 9 and thebottom 4. Additional or fewer ribs can be used, depending on the sealing characteristics desired. However, in most implementations, there will be one ormore ribs 12 located between the top 6 and therecess base 9, typically so that when expanded outwardly, the ribs are located on section of the plug between theinner side wall 14 and theside wall 10 that is primarily deformed radially outwards. Thedepth 28 of therecess 8 is defined from the top 6 to therecess base 9. Thisdepth 28 is in the range of 15-45% of theheight 26 of the insert. More particularly, thedepth 28 is 20-40% of theheight 26, or more particularly 25-35% or even more particularly 28-33%. - Within the recess 8 a
central recess 18 is located on aprotrusion 16 that extends from therecess base 9. Thecentral recess 18 is located along the central axis 20 of theplug 2. Thiscentral recess 18 is used to contact the pin of the installation tool to help seat the insert with the appropriate force prior to expansion. - Referring now to the
tool 200, the proximal end 100 has adiameter 101 and is configured to be held and manipulated by a press. For example, thetool 200 may be placed into a chuck that holds the tool, the chuck connected to a drive motor which moves the tool to install theplug 2. Thedistal end 102 of thetool 200 has a diameter 103 that is smaller than the proximal end 100. A channel in the tool has astop 105 which is configured as a hollow threaded bolt with male threads 118. The hollow end holds the pin 104 andspring 107. Thechannel 106 of theend 102 includesfemale threads 116 which correspond to the male threads 118. In one aspect, thestop 105 includes a hex key end that enables the spring tension to be adjusted. On the opposite end of the spring is astop nut 109 which threads into the end of the tool to adjust the distance which the pin extends from theend part 108. In most cases, a thread locking compound such as Loctite® or other suitable compound is used to hold thestop 105 relative to thechannel 106 during the press installation operations. - The diameter 180 of the
pin 114 is less than the diameter 112 of the channel at thedistal end 102, this creates aspace 181 between the pin and the distal end. During installation, theprotrusion 16 which contains thecentral recess 18 on theplug 2 fits within this space to allow the distal end and thetapered end part 108 to contact theinner wall 14 and extend into therecess 8. -
FIGS. 9-15 show an exemplary process of installing theplug 2 in a hole. First, ablock 9000 is provided, typically with twopassageways drill 904 creates a hole in the block, which connects the twopassageways deburring device 908 finishes the top of the hole and theplug 2 is placed therein. Thetaper 910 of the hole matches thetaper 22 of theplug 2. The tool then presses on theplug 2 such thatpin 114 contacts thecentral recess 18. The spring action of thepin 114 allows the pin to retract as the tool presses theplug 2 into the appropriate location in the hole. As the tapered end of theend part 108 contacts thewall 14 of theplug 2, the plug is expanded outwards and the ribs are pressed into the hole in the block. The spring force of thepin 114 provides enough force to place theplug 2 in the appropriate position while avoiding excessive scratching of the hole. Such scratches could become leak pathways, which is prevalent in many other non-expansion type plugs. The expansion action of the plug as expanded by the tapered end of the tool reduces or eliminates the need to force the plug down into the tapered hole in theblock 9000 and instead, outward expansion is obtained to provide improved sealing. The forces used to provide the appropriate downward pressure as related to the overall installation force are therefore important for reducing the scratch/drag marks on the hole while providing effective sealing. In one example of a 7 mm size plug (7.01 mm diameter), the total downward installation force is 800 pounds force with thespring travel 1500 being 0.125 inches. The spring force whereend 108 first contacts thewall 14 is 3.0 pounds and defines the contact travel of the spring. The total force upon the 0.125 inch travel is 11.0 pounds. The spring rate is 56.0 pounds/inch. It is understood that these are exemplary figures which may be adjusted, particularly depending on the size and material of the plug and/or block. Further, thestop nut 109 is positioned such that it does not contact the plug at the end of the installation stroke shown atFIG. 15 . Particularly,distance 1400 is greater than the height of theprotrusion 16. - In most cases, the
plug 2 is made from aluminum and theblock 9000 from steel. In one embodiment, pounds/mm plug diameter is in the range of 75-200 pounds/mm diameter, or more particularly 100-125 pounds/mm diameter. The installation force/spring contact force may be in the range of 175-375 or more particularly 225-300 with the spring force measured at first contact of theend 108 during installation. The installation force/final spring force is in the range of 50-125 or more particularly 65-85 with the final spring force being when the spring is fully compressed as shown inFIG. 15 . Particularly, the contact travel in the 7 mm plug is approximately 0.05357 inches such that the contact travel is about 42% of theoverall travel 1500. Thiscontact travel 1400 may be in the range of 30-50% of theoverall travel 1500. - Although the invention has been described with reference to a particular arrangement of parts, features and the like, these are not intended to exhaust all possible arrangements or features, and indeed many other modifications and variations will be ascertainable to those of skill in the art.
Claims (20)
1. A kit for sealing a hole comprising:
(a) a plug including:
a single piece unitary body with a bottom and a top and a side wall disposed therebetween, the side wall outwardly tapered from the bottom towards the top at a first angle;
a recess located in the top and extending partially into the body and terminating at a recess base between the top and bottom;
an inner wall defined by the recess and tapered outwardly from the recess base towards the top at a second angle;
(b) an installation tool including:
a tapered end section located at a distal end of the installation tool, the tapered end section tapering inwardly at a third angle that is greater than the second angle;
a pin located in a channel extending into the tool from the distal end, the pin configured to move along a central axis of the tool such that in an extended position, the pin extends beyond the distal end.
2. The kit of claim 1 further comprising:
a protrusion extending from the recess of the plug and including a central void therein, the protrusion and central void aligned along a central axis of the plug;
the central void of the distal end having a diameter such that said protrusion fits into the central void.
3. The kit of claim 1 wherein said first, second and third angles are all different.
4. The kit of claim 1 further comprising:
a plurality of ribs located on the side wall at a location thereon between the top and the recess base.
5. A plug comprising:
a single piece unitary body with a bottom and a top and a side wall disposed therebetween, the side wall outwardly tapered from the bottom towards the top at a first angle;
a recess located in the top and extending partially into the body and terminating at a recess base between the top and bottom;
an inner wall defined by the recess and tapered outwardly from the recess base towards the top at a second angle.
6. The plug of claim 5 further comprising:
a central recess located at a central axis of the single piece unitary body within the recess.
7. The plug of claim 6 further comprising:
a protrusion extending from said recess base, wherein said central recess is located within said protrusion.
8. The plug of claim 5 wherein said body is symmetrical around a central axis thereof.
9. The plug of claim 5 further comprising a plurality of ribs extending around the circumference of the side wall and extending outwardly wherein each one of said plurality of ribs is separated from the others of said plurality of ribs.
10. The plug of claim 9 wherein at least two of said plurality of ribs are positioned on the sidewall at a distance from the top that is less than a distance between the top and the recess base.
11. The plug of claim 5 wherein the second angle is at least 1.5 times the first angle.
12. The plug of claim 5 wherein the first angle is 1-7 degrees and the second angle is 5-15 degrees.
13. A method of sealing a hole comprising:
providing a tapered hole;
inserting a plug into said tapered hole, said plug having a single piece unitary body with a bottom and a top and a side wall disposed therebetween, a recess located in the top extends partially into the body, the recess defining an inner wall of the plug;
aligning an installation tool with the tapered hole and the plug;
moving the installation tool axially towards the hole such that an end section of the installation tool presses on the inner wall to expand the plug outwardly towards the tapered hole.
14. The method of claim 13 further comprising a pin located in a central void of a distal end of the installation tool, an end of the pin configured to move along an central axis of the tool such that in an extended position, the pin extends beyond the distal end and said pin retracts towards the distal end as the end section of the installation tool expands the plug outwardly.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein movement of the pin is resisted by a spring of the installation tool and an installation force for the plug is at least 50 times a total spring force measured at maximum displacement of the pin during installation of the plug.
16. The method of claim 14 wherein movement of the pin is resisted by a spring of the installation tool and a first force is at least twice a second force;
the first force exerted by the pin against the plug during the moving step when the end section first makes contact with the inner wall;
the second force exerted by the pin against the plug at a maximum displacement of the pin.
17. The method of claim 14 wherein movement of the pin is resisted by a spring of the installation tool having a spring rate measured as force/inch, wherein the force in pounds of the spring rate is less than 10% of an installation force in pounds exerted against the plug.
18. A tool for installing a plug which seals a hole, the tool comprising:
a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end being thicker than the distal end;
a pin located in an interior channel aligned with a central axis of the tool, the interior channel extending to the distal end, said pin connected to a spring;
said pin in an extended position protruding from the distal end at a distance, said pin configured to retract within the channel with resistance from the spring;
an end section of the tool located at the distal end having an inward taper in a direction from the proximal towards the distal end;
an inner diameter located where said channel and distal end meet, the inner diameter greater than a diameter of said pin such that a space exists between the said pin and the distal end.
19. The tool of claim 18 wherein said channel includes female threads and the pin is held in the channel by a threaded member with male threads accessible from the proximal end of said tool.
20. The tool of claim 19 wherein said male and female threads are held in a fixed position by a thread locking compound.
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/481,117 US20180292039A1 (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2017-04-06 | Single Piece Expansion Sealing Plug |
KR1020197032433A KR102424500B1 (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2018-03-23 | A method of sealing a hole by a sealing plug, a tool for installing a sealing plug, and a sealing plug installation method using the same |
PCT/US2018/024008 WO2018187055A1 (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2018-03-23 | Single piece expansion sealing plug |
EP18780517.1A EP3607235B1 (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2018-03-23 | Single piece expansion sealing plug |
DK18780517.1T DK3607235T3 (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2018-03-23 | EXPANSION SEAL PLUG IN ONE PIECE |
HUE18780517A HUE059481T2 (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2018-03-23 | Single piece expansion sealing plug |
US16/508,971 US10751967B2 (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2019-07-11 | Single piece expansion sealing plug |
US16/889,228 US10940661B2 (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2020-06-01 | Single piece expansion sealing plug |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/481,117 US20180292039A1 (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2017-04-06 | Single Piece Expansion Sealing Plug |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US16/508,971 Division US10751967B2 (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2019-07-11 | Single piece expansion sealing plug |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20180292039A1 true US20180292039A1 (en) | 2018-10-11 |
Family
ID=63710809
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US15/481,117 Abandoned US20180292039A1 (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2017-04-06 | Single Piece Expansion Sealing Plug |
US16/508,971 Active US10751967B2 (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2019-07-11 | Single piece expansion sealing plug |
US16/889,228 Active US10940661B2 (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2020-06-01 | Single piece expansion sealing plug |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US16/508,971 Active US10751967B2 (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2019-07-11 | Single piece expansion sealing plug |
US16/889,228 Active US10940661B2 (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2020-06-01 | Single piece expansion sealing plug |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US20180292039A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3607235B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102424500B1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3607235T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HUE059481T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018187055A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (27)
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US3139103A (en) | 1962-01-15 | 1964-06-30 | Edward W Bottum | Fusible plug |
US3584647A (en) * | 1969-07-31 | 1971-06-15 | Robert E Brown | Solenoid pilot dump combination directional control valve |
US3691609A (en) | 1970-03-25 | 1972-09-19 | Hydro Vel Services Inc | Tube plugging tool |
US3821969A (en) | 1972-05-31 | 1974-07-02 | Underground Prod Inc | Plug |
US4091841A (en) | 1976-07-14 | 1978-05-30 | Bertea Corporation | Pressure plug and method |
US4301629A (en) | 1979-06-27 | 1981-11-24 | James Cooksey | Hole sealing water-tight plug |
US4421137A (en) | 1981-02-02 | 1983-12-20 | Phd, Inc. | Plug assembly for sealing a pressure fluid passage in a manifold or the like |
US4506705A (en) | 1982-01-22 | 1985-03-26 | Thompson Ernest R | Pipe closure device |
US4462240A (en) * | 1982-06-25 | 1984-07-31 | Rexnord Inc. | Handgun, blind rivet installation |
US4653540A (en) | 1985-02-08 | 1987-03-31 | Norman Epstein | Plug for heat exchanger tubes |
US4712586A (en) | 1985-05-10 | 1987-12-15 | Mcgard, Inc. | Pipe plug and centering construction for centering ridged key in mating groove in pipe plug |
US4646816A (en) * | 1985-09-06 | 1987-03-03 | Samuel Rothstein | Simplified tube plugging |
US4762152A (en) | 1985-09-13 | 1988-08-09 | Norsk Hydro A.S. | Assembly of a closing baffle inside a tubular member |
US4768560A (en) | 1987-05-08 | 1988-09-06 | Logsdon Duane D | Pipe plugs |
GB2218177A (en) * | 1988-05-06 | 1989-11-08 | Norman Epstein | Plug for heat exchanger tubes |
US5195588A (en) | 1992-01-02 | 1993-03-23 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Apparatus and method for testing and repairing in a cased borehole |
US5289851A (en) | 1993-04-08 | 1994-03-01 | Jnt Technical Services Inc. | Plug for heat exchanger tubes |
US5779085A (en) | 1997-03-11 | 1998-07-14 | Gas Research Institute | Expandable pin plug for automated use |
US7516534B2 (en) | 2001-11-25 | 2009-04-14 | Stresswave, Inc. | Method for attaching a nut element to a metal structure |
GB2443640B (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2009-02-25 | Textron Fastening Syst Ltd | Sealing Plug |
US20080314902A1 (en) | 2007-05-16 | 2008-12-25 | Dayton Douglas C | Plug for concrete floor penetrations |
US7631664B1 (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2009-12-15 | Tejas Research And Engineering, Lp | Threaded expansion plugs |
FR2988086B1 (en) | 2012-03-15 | 2015-12-25 | Airbus Operations Sas | SHUTTER DEVICE AND METHOD |
EP2664836B1 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2016-04-27 | Lalmek Verkstad AB | Sealing plug |
FR3012564B1 (en) | 2013-10-30 | 2015-12-18 | Dassault Aviat | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CLOSING AN END OF A CONDUIT |
US10040182B2 (en) | 2014-01-21 | 2018-08-07 | Engineered Inserts & Systems, Inc. | System and method for installing a manifold plug |
DE102015116301A1 (en) | 2015-09-25 | 2017-03-30 | Voss Automotive Gmbh | "Screw" |
-
2017
- 2017-04-06 US US15/481,117 patent/US20180292039A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2018
- 2018-03-23 HU HUE18780517A patent/HUE059481T2/en unknown
- 2018-03-23 KR KR1020197032433A patent/KR102424500B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2018-03-23 DK DK18780517.1T patent/DK3607235T3/en active
- 2018-03-23 WO PCT/US2018/024008 patent/WO2018187055A1/en unknown
- 2018-03-23 EP EP18780517.1A patent/EP3607235B1/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-07-11 US US16/508,971 patent/US10751967B2/en active Active
-
2020
- 2020-06-01 US US16/889,228 patent/US10940661B2/en active Active
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KR20190133240A (en) | 2019-12-02 |
EP3607235A1 (en) | 2020-02-12 |
EP3607235A4 (en) | 2020-12-30 |
DK3607235T3 (en) | 2022-06-20 |
EP3607235B1 (en) | 2022-03-16 |
WO2018187055A1 (en) | 2018-10-11 |
KR102424500B1 (en) | 2022-07-25 |
US10751967B2 (en) | 2020-08-25 |
US20190329518A1 (en) | 2019-10-31 |
HUE059481T2 (en) | 2022-11-28 |
US10940661B2 (en) | 2021-03-09 |
US20200290305A1 (en) | 2020-09-17 |
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