US20180195347A1 - Roller cone drill bit journal with asymmetric ball race and extended friction race - Google Patents
Roller cone drill bit journal with asymmetric ball race and extended friction race Download PDFInfo
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- US20180195347A1 US20180195347A1 US15/738,169 US201515738169A US2018195347A1 US 20180195347 A1 US20180195347 A1 US 20180195347A1 US 201515738169 A US201515738169 A US 201515738169A US 2018195347 A1 US2018195347 A1 US 2018195347A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- journal
- protuberance
- race
- ball race
- drill bit
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
- B23P15/32—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools twist-drills
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/08—Roller bits
- E21B10/22—Roller bits characterised by bearing, lubrication or sealing details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K5/00—Making tools or tool parts, e.g. pliers
- B21K5/02—Making tools or tool parts, e.g. pliers drilling-tools or other for making or working on holes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/08—Roller bits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2352/00—Apparatus for drilling
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to roller cone drill bit journals, methods of forming journals, and method of finishing journals.
- Roller cone drill bits are used to form wellbores through formations in the earth in order to access downhole materials, such as petrochemical deposits. Roller cone drill bits are typically formed in a primary shape using a machining process, resulting in a bit body. The bits are then finished by placing specialized materials in selected locations and by tooling, including machining, selected locations.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing in cross-section of a finished journal of a roller cone drill bit
- FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing in cross-section of the finished journal of FIG. 1 with a roller cone, also depicted in cross section, assembled on the journal;
- FIG. 3A is a schematic drawing in cross-section of a roller cone drill bit journal with an asymmetric ball race and an extended friction race;
- FIG. 3B is a schematic drawing in cross-section of the asymmetric roller cone drill bit journal of FIG. 3A superimposed over a conventional roller cone drill bit journal;
- FIG. 3C is a schematic drawing in cross-section of a roller cone drill bit journal of FIG. 3A superimposed over the finished journal of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic drawing in elevation showing a roller cone drill bit incorporating teachings of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic drawing in section and in elevation with portions broken away showing examples of wellbores which may be formed by a roller cone drill bit incorporating teachings of the present disclosure.
- the present disclosure relates to roller cone drill bit journals having an extended friction race and an asymmetric ball race and to method of forming and further finishing this type of journal to produce a finished journal.
- the journal having an extended friction race and an asymmetric ball race may be a journal at any stage prior to the finished journal. For instance, it may be a journal that has not been heat-treated or a heat-treated journal that has not undergone other finishing processes.
- a roller cone drill bit contains at least one arm 10 , as shown in FIG. 1 .
- This arm 10 includes a journal 20 , with a ball race 30 and a friction race 40 .
- Friction race 40 and ball race 30 are adjacent on journal 20 .
- cone 50 which contains a plurality of cutting elements 60 , is disposed on journal 20 so that it may rotate about journal 20 when the drill bit is in use.
- Retaining balls 70 are fitted into ball race 30 to retain cone 50 on journal 20 .
- Friction race 40 is covered with a bearing material (not independently shown).
- Other functional features exemplified by sealing rings 80 for a lubricant system (not otherwise shown), are also added depending on the overall bit design.
- Journal 20 is first formed as a journal then finished prior to assembly with cone 50 . Finishing often includes welding the bearing material to friction race 40 . During this process, the weld pool sometimes spills off of friction race 40 into adjacent ball race 30 , removing part of ball race 30 in the process. This damage to ball race 30 renders it unable to appropriately house retaining balls 70 , particularly during use of the roller cone drill bit. As a result, the entire arm 10 with a damaged ball race 30 is discarded.
- a journal friction race 40 is formed with a protuberance 100 that distorts ball race 30 into an asymmetric shape as shown in FIG. 3A .
- FIG. 3B illustrates how protuberance 100 of a journal of the present disclosure (solid line) extends into the ball race 30 as compared to a conventional journal (dashed line).
- Journal 20 is typically formed with arm 10 using conventional methods, such as machining. In such methods, a bit material is machined having the journal dimensions and configuration. They may also be formed in a multi-step process, such as when a first material is machined, then filled with a binder or infiltrant. Other materials that become integral with the bit may also be welded to the journal.
- journal 20 and arm 10 may be formed from steel, a steel alloy, a matrix material, or other suitable bit material with suitable strength, toughness and machinability.
- the journal may be machined to form ball race 30 and protuberance 100 , allowing removal of journal 20 followed by removal of the proturberance from ball race 30 in order to finish the ball race and prevent the weld pool from damaging ball race 30 .
- Journal 20 is then finished prior to assembly with cone 50 .
- the remainder of arm 10 may also be finished prior to assembly with cone 50 , although some finishing of arm 10 may also occur after assembly with cone 50 , so long as the cone does not interfere with later finishing.
- a bearing material may be applied to friction race 40 .
- This bearing material typically when combined with other bearing material on cone 50 , forms a bearing that facilitates rotation of cone 50 around journal 20 when the roller cone drill bit is in use.
- Suitable bearing materials include hard metals, such as metal borides, metal carbides, metal oxides, and metal nitrides.
- One common bearing material is tungsten carbide (WC or W 2 C).
- the bearing material must be sufficiently attached to friction race 40 to withstand the radial load and other forces the bearing experiences during drill bit use.
- the bearing material is welded to friction race 40 using a welding material.
- both the bearing material and friction race 40 are heated to their melting points.
- a molten welding material may also applied between them.
- the molten bearing material, friction rate, and welding material, if present, combine to form the weld pool, which coalesces as to cools, forming a strong bond between the bearing material and the friction race.
- Suitable welding materials may very depending on the composition of the friction race, the bearing material, and the welding material.
- a welding material with reduced friction and increased load capacity as compared to base steel may be used.
- an alloy containing cobalt, nickel, iron, aluminium, boron, carbon, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, titanium, of mixtures thereof, such as a STELLITE® (Kennametal Stellite, Goshen, Ind.) alloy, may be used.
- the welding temperature is also determined by the melting point of the welded components and the welding material. Typical welding temperatures are between 700° F. and 1100° F.
- the weld pool may expand onto protuberance 100 , removing or damaging some of the protuberance material and, in some cases, replacing it with a different material.
- journal 20 is machined to final dimensions as shown in FIG. 3C .
- any remaining portions of protuberance 100 including any damaged material, as well as any different replacement material are all removed to form ball race 30 with a finished configuration.
- This finished configuration is symmetric and typically circular or ovoid in cross-section.
- protuberance 100 may extend into ball race 30 by up to 90% of the diameter of finished ball race 30 . It may alternatively extend into ball race 30 by up to up to 75%, or up to 50%, up to 33%, up to 25%, or up to 10%, of the diameter of finished ball race 30 . In order to ensure adequate protection of ball race 30 , protuberance 100 may extent into ball race 30 by at least 0.05%, at least 0.1%, at least 1%, at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 25%, at least 33%, at least 50%, at least 75%, or at least 90% of the diameter of finished ball race 30 .
- Protuberance 100 may have a circular or ovoid cross-section, as shown in FIG. 3 , or it may have an angled cross-section, such as a triangular cross-section, or any other shape that facilitates removal of journal 20 from any machining used to form it with ball race 30 and protuberance 100 intact.
- the bearing material may be applied on or very close to protuberance 100 .
- Bearing material on protuberance 100 may simply be removed during the machining process to form ball race 30 .
- the bearing material may be present on friction race 40 substantially flush with ball race 30 , or set back less than 0.1 inches, less than 0.05 inches, ore less than 0.01 inches from ball race 30 .
- protuberance 100 allows additional bearing material, such as additional wear resistant or anti-galling material, to be placed along all of the friction race of journal 20 , or at least in an area of journal 20 adjacent protuberance 100 or in an area of journal 20 that that experiences concentrated stress or high wear. This may increase the wear resistance or other stress tolerance of the bearing as compared to similar bits in which there is no protuberance 100 on the journal 20 .
- the additional bearing material may be at least 1% thicker, at least 10% thicker, at least 20% thicker, at least 30% thicker, at least 50% thicker, or at least 100% thicker than the bearing material in a bit with no protuberance.
- cone 50 may be assembled on it as shown in FIG. 2 . by placing retaining balls 70 in ball race 30 .
- arm 10 may be attached to bit body 210 optionally along with one or a plurality of other arms 10 as shown in FIG. 4 to form a roller cone drill bit 200 .
- Bit body 210 has a tapered, externally threaded, upper portion 230 satisfactory for use in attaching roller cone drill bit 200 with a drill string (as further described with respect to FIG. 5 ) to allow rotation of roller cone drill bit 200 in response to rotation of the drill string (as further described with respect to FIG. 5 ).
- FIG. 9 is a schematic drawing in elevation and in section with portions broken away of wellbores or boreholes which may be formed in a formation by roller cone drill bits incorporating teachings of the present disclosure.
- Various aspects of the present disclosure may be described with respect to a drilling rig 300 located at well surface 310 .
- Various types of drilling equipment such as a rotary table, mud pumps and mud tanks (not expressly shown) may be located at well surface 310 .
- Drilling rig 300 may have various characteristics and features associated with a land drilling rig.
- roller cone drill bits incorporating teachings of the present disclosure may be satisfactorily used with drilling equipment located on offshore platforms, drill ships, semi-submersibles and drilling barges (not expressly shown).
- Roller cone drill bit 200 may be attached with the end of drill string 320 extending from well surface 310 .
- Drill string 320 may apply weight to and rotate roller cone drill bit 200 to form wellbore 330 .
- Drill string 320 may be formed from sections or joints of generally hollow, tubular drill pipe (not expressly shown).
- Drill string 320 may also include bottom hole assembly 340 formed from a wide variety of components.
- Drill string 320 and roller cone drill bit 200 may be used to form various types of wellbores and/or boreholes. For example, a directional or horizontal wellbore as shown in FIG. 5 in dotted lines, may be formed as an alternative to vertical wellbore 330 .
- FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate a drill bit having only cones
- the present disclosure may also be used in hybrid bits which combine both cones and fixed cutters and/or blades.
- the present disclosure provides an embodiment A relating to an roller cone drill bit journal including a ball race, a friction race, and a protuberance that extends the friction race into an area to be occupied by the ball race in a finished journal and that renders the ball race in the journal asymmetric.
- the present disclosure provides an embodiment B relating to a method of forming a journal for a roller cone drill bit by forming a journal as described in embodiment A, welding bearing material to the friction race using a weld pool, and removing the protuberance and any weld pool or bearing material located on or in the protuberance to form a symmetric ball race.
- embodiments A and B may be used in conjunction with the following additional elements, which may also be combined with one another unless clearly mutually exclusive, and which method elements may be used to obtain devices and which device elements may result from methods: i) a weld pool may be located on or within the protuberance; ii) a weld pool and bearing material may be located on the friction race; iii) the protuberance may be circular or ovoid in cross-section; iv) the protuberance may be angular in cross-section; v) the protuberance may extend into the ball race of the journal by up to 90% of the diameter of the ball race in the finished journal; vi) the protuberance may extend into the ball race of the journal by at least 0.05% of the diameter of the ball race in the finished journal; vii) the protuberance may be circular or ovoid in cross-section; viii) the protuberance may be angular in cross-section; ix) the protuberance may extend into the ball race of the journal by up to 90%
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Abstract
Description
- The present disclosure relates to roller cone drill bit journals, methods of forming journals, and method of finishing journals.
- Roller cone drill bits are used to form wellbores through formations in the earth in order to access downhole materials, such as petrochemical deposits. Roller cone drill bits are typically formed in a primary shape using a machining process, resulting in a bit body. The bits are then finished by placing specialized materials in selected locations and by tooling, including machining, selected locations.
- A more complete and thorough understanding of the present embodiments and advantages thereof may be acquired by referring to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are not to scale, in which like reference numbers indicate like features, and wherein:
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FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing in cross-section of a finished journal of a roller cone drill bit; -
FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing in cross-section of the finished journal ofFIG. 1 with a roller cone, also depicted in cross section, assembled on the journal; -
FIG. 3A is a schematic drawing in cross-section of a roller cone drill bit journal with an asymmetric ball race and an extended friction race; -
FIG. 3B is a schematic drawing in cross-section of the asymmetric roller cone drill bit journal ofFIG. 3A superimposed over a conventional roller cone drill bit journal; -
FIG. 3C is a schematic drawing in cross-section of a roller cone drill bit journal ofFIG. 3A superimposed over the finished journal ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 4 is a schematic drawing in elevation showing a roller cone drill bit incorporating teachings of the present disclosure; and -
FIG. 5 is a schematic drawing in section and in elevation with portions broken away showing examples of wellbores which may be formed by a roller cone drill bit incorporating teachings of the present disclosure. - The present disclosure relates to roller cone drill bit journals having an extended friction race and an asymmetric ball race and to method of forming and further finishing this type of journal to produce a finished journal. The journal having an extended friction race and an asymmetric ball race may be a journal at any stage prior to the finished journal. For instance, it may be a journal that has not been heat-treated or a heat-treated journal that has not undergone other finishing processes.
- A roller cone drill bit contains at least one
arm 10, as shown inFIG. 1 . Thisarm 10 includes ajournal 20, with aball race 30 and afriction race 40.Friction race 40 andball race 30 are adjacent onjournal 20. Whenarm 10 is fully assembled, as shown inFIG. 2 ,cone 50, which contains a plurality ofcutting elements 60, is disposed onjournal 20 so that it may rotate aboutjournal 20 when the drill bit is in use. Retainingballs 70 are fitted intoball race 30 to retaincone 50 onjournal 20.Friction race 40 is covered with a bearing material (not independently shown). Other functional features, exemplified by sealingrings 80 for a lubricant system (not otherwise shown), are also added depending on the overall bit design. -
Journal 20 is first formed as a journal then finished prior to assembly withcone 50. Finishing often includes welding the bearing material tofriction race 40. During this process, the weld pool sometimes spills off offriction race 40 intoadjacent ball race 30, removing part ofball race 30 in the process. This damage toball race 30 renders it unable to appropriately house retainingballs 70, particularly during use of the roller cone drill bit. As a result, theentire arm 10 with a damagedball race 30 is discarded. - In the present disclosure, a
journal friction race 40 is formed with aprotuberance 100 that distortsball race 30 into an asymmetric shape as shown inFIG. 3A .FIG. 3B illustrates howprotuberance 100 of a journal of the present disclosure (solid line) extends into theball race 30 as compared to a conventional journal (dashed line). - If the weld pool spills over from
friction race 40, it encounters and damagesprotuberance 100. In most instances, this damage has no effect on the ability to produce a usable finishedjournal 20 because protuberance 100 (solid line) is later removed and is not present in the finished journal (dotted line), as may be seen inFIG. 3C . - In addition, because of decreased concerns about the weld pool spilling from
friction race 40 intoball race 30, more bearing material may be applied tofriction race 40. This additional bearing material may be applied to portions offriction race 40 that tend to experience more radial load or other stress during use of the drill bit. -
Journal 20 is typically formed witharm 10 using conventional methods, such as machining. In such methods, a bit material is machined having the journal dimensions and configuration. They may also be formed in a multi-step process, such as when a first material is machined, then filled with a binder or infiltrant. Other materials that become integral with the bit may also be welded to the journal. In general,journal 20 andarm 10 may be formed from steel, a steel alloy, a matrix material, or other suitable bit material with suitable strength, toughness and machinability. The journal may be machined to formball race 30 andprotuberance 100, allowing removal ofjournal 20 followed by removal of the proturberance fromball race 30 in order to finish the ball race and prevent the weld pool fromdamaging ball race 30. -
Journal 20 is then finished prior to assembly withcone 50. The remainder ofarm 10 may also be finished prior to assembly withcone 50, although some finishing ofarm 10 may also occur after assembly withcone 50, so long as the cone does not interfere with later finishing. - In particular, a bearing material may be applied to
friction race 40. This bearing material, typically when combined with other bearing material oncone 50, forms a bearing that facilitates rotation ofcone 50 aroundjournal 20 when the roller cone drill bit is in use. Suitable bearing materials include hard metals, such as metal borides, metal carbides, metal oxides, and metal nitrides. One common bearing material is tungsten carbide (WC or W2C). The bearing material must be sufficiently attached tofriction race 40 to withstand the radial load and other forces the bearing experiences during drill bit use. Typically, the bearing material is welded tofriction race 40 using a welding material. - During the welding process, a portion of both the bearing material and
friction race 40 are heated to their melting points. A molten welding material may also applied between them. The molten bearing material, friction rate, and welding material, if present, combine to form the weld pool, which coalesces as to cools, forming a strong bond between the bearing material and the friction race. Suitable welding materials may very depending on the composition of the friction race, the bearing material, and the welding material. For a steel friction race and a tungsten carbide bearing material a welding material with reduced friction and increased load capacity as compared to base steel may be used. For instance, an alloy containing cobalt, nickel, iron, aluminium, boron, carbon, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, titanium, of mixtures thereof, such as a STELLITE® (Kennametal Stellite, Goshen, Ind.) alloy, may be used. The welding temperature is also determined by the melting point of the welded components and the welding material. Typical welding temperatures are between 700° F. and 1100° F. - During welding, the weld pool may expand onto
protuberance 100, removing or damaging some of the protuberance material and, in some cases, replacing it with a different material. After welding,journal 20 is machined to final dimensions as shown inFIG. 3C . During this machining process, any remaining portions ofprotuberance 100, including any damaged material, as well as any different replacement material are all removed to formball race 30 with a finished configuration. This finished configuration is symmetric and typically circular or ovoid in cross-section. - Although the exact dimensions of
protuberance 100 may vary, it may extend intoball race 30 by up to 90% of the diameter offinished ball race 30. It may alternatively extend intoball race 30 by up to up to 75%, or up to 50%, up to 33%, up to 25%, or up to 10%, of the diameter offinished ball race 30. In order to ensure adequate protection ofball race 30,protuberance 100 may extent intoball race 30 by at least 0.05%, at least 0.1%, at least 1%, at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 25%, at least 33%, at least 50%, at least 75%, or at least 90% of the diameter offinished ball race 30. -
Protuberance 100 may have a circular or ovoid cross-section, as shown inFIG. 3 , or it may have an angled cross-section, such as a triangular cross-section, or any other shape that facilitates removal ofjournal 20 from any machining used to form it withball race 30 andprotuberance 100 intact. - In addition, because
friction race 40 extends along withprotuberance 100, the bearing material may be applied on or very close toprotuberance 100. Bearing material onprotuberance 100 may simply be removed during the machining process to formball race 30. As a result, infinished journal 20, the bearing material may be present onfriction race 40 substantially flush withball race 30, or set back less than 0.1 inches, less than 0.05 inches, ore less than 0.01 inches fromball race 30. - Compared to a bit with no protuberance,
protuberance 100 allows additional bearing material, such as additional wear resistant or anti-galling material, to be placed along all of the friction race ofjournal 20, or at least in an area ofjournal 20adjacent protuberance 100 or in an area ofjournal 20 that that experiences concentrated stress or high wear. This may increase the wear resistance or other stress tolerance of the bearing as compared to similar bits in which there is noprotuberance 100 on thejournal 20. The additional bearing material may be at least 1% thicker, at least 10% thicker, at least 20% thicker, at least 30% thicker, at least 50% thicker, or at least 100% thicker than the bearing material in a bit with no protuberance. - After
journal 20 is finished,cone 50 may be assembled on it as shown inFIG. 2 . by placing retainingballs 70 inball race 30. Prior to or aftercone 50 assembly,arm 10 may be attached tobit body 210 optionally along with one or a plurality ofother arms 10 as shown inFIG. 4 to form a rollercone drill bit 200.Bit body 210 has a tapered, externally threaded, upper portion 230 satisfactory for use in attaching rollercone drill bit 200 with a drill string (as further described with respect toFIG. 5 ) to allow rotation of rollercone drill bit 200 in response to rotation of the drill string (as further described with respect toFIG. 5 ). -
FIG. 9 is a schematic drawing in elevation and in section with portions broken away of wellbores or boreholes which may be formed in a formation by roller cone drill bits incorporating teachings of the present disclosure. Various aspects of the present disclosure may be described with respect to adrilling rig 300 located atwell surface 310. Various types of drilling equipment such as a rotary table, mud pumps and mud tanks (not expressly shown) may be located atwell surface 310.Drilling rig 300 may have various characteristics and features associated with a land drilling rig. However, roller cone drill bits incorporating teachings of the present disclosure may be satisfactorily used with drilling equipment located on offshore platforms, drill ships, semi-submersibles and drilling barges (not expressly shown). - Roller
cone drill bit 200 may be attached with the end ofdrill string 320 extending fromwell surface 310.Drill string 320 may apply weight to and rotate rollercone drill bit 200 to formwellbore 330.Drill string 320 may be formed from sections or joints of generally hollow, tubular drill pipe (not expressly shown).Drill string 320 may also includebottom hole assembly 340 formed from a wide variety of components.Drill string 320 and rollercone drill bit 200 may be used to form various types of wellbores and/or boreholes. For example, a directional or horizontal wellbore as shown inFIG. 5 in dotted lines, may be formed as an alternative tovertical wellbore 330. - The present disclosure is not limited to roller cone drill bits associated with conventional drill strings. In addition, although
FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate a drill bit having only cones, the present disclosure may also be used in hybrid bits which combine both cones and fixed cutters and/or blades. - The present disclosure provides an embodiment A relating to an roller cone drill bit journal including a ball race, a friction race, and a protuberance that extends the friction race into an area to be occupied by the ball race in a finished journal and that renders the ball race in the journal asymmetric.
- The present disclosure provides an embodiment B relating to a method of forming a journal for a roller cone drill bit by forming a journal as described in embodiment A, welding bearing material to the friction race using a weld pool, and removing the protuberance and any weld pool or bearing material located on or in the protuberance to form a symmetric ball race.
- In addition, embodiments A and B may be used in conjunction with the following additional elements, which may also be combined with one another unless clearly mutually exclusive, and which method elements may be used to obtain devices and which device elements may result from methods: i) a weld pool may be located on or within the protuberance; ii) a weld pool and bearing material may be located on the friction race; iii) the protuberance may be circular or ovoid in cross-section; iv) the protuberance may be angular in cross-section; v) the protuberance may extend into the ball race of the journal by up to 90% of the diameter of the ball race in the finished journal; vi) the protuberance may extend into the ball race of the journal by at least 0.05% of the diameter of the ball race in the finished journal; vii) the protuberance may be circular or ovoid in cross-section; viii) the protuberance may be angular in cross-section; ix) the protuberance may extend into the ball race of the journal by up to 90% of the diameter of the ball race in the finished journal; x) the protuberance may extend into the ball race of the journal by at least 0.05% of the diameter of the ball race in the finished journal; xi) during welding, the weld pool may be placed on top of the protuberance; xii) during welding, the weld pool may melt at least a portion of the protuberance; xiii) during welding, the weld pool may replace at least a portion of the protuberance; xiv) during welding, the weld pool may reach a temperature sufficiently high to damage the ball race if the weld pool contacts the ball race; xv) during welding, the weld pool may not contact the ball race; xvi) the bearing material may be at least 1% thicker along the at least an area of the friction race than in an otherwise identical bit with no protuberance; xvii) the bearing material may be at least 1% thicker along the entire friction race than in an otherwise identical bit with no protuberance; xviii) machining may be use to remove the protuberance and any weld pool or bearing material located on or in the protuberance.
- Although the present disclosure and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alternations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.
Claims (20)
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PCT/US2015/041230 WO2017014748A1 (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-07-21 | Roller cone drill bit journal with asymmetric ball race and extended friction race |
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PCT/US2015/041230 A-371-Of-International WO2017014748A1 (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-07-21 | Roller cone drill bit journal with asymmetric ball race and extended friction race |
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US16/797,669 Division US11577349B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2020-02-21 | Method of forming a journal for a roller cone drill bit |
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US20180195347A1 true US20180195347A1 (en) | 2018-07-12 |
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US15/738,169 Abandoned US20180195347A1 (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-07-21 | Roller cone drill bit journal with asymmetric ball race and extended friction race |
US16/797,669 Active US11577349B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2020-02-21 | Method of forming a journal for a roller cone drill bit |
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US16/797,669 Active US11577349B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2020-02-21 | Method of forming a journal for a roller cone drill bit |
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CN (1) | CN107709691A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017014748A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11577349B2 (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2023-02-14 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Method of forming a journal for a roller cone drill bit |
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2015
- 2015-07-21 US US15/738,169 patent/US20180195347A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-07-21 CN CN201580080827.0A patent/CN107709691A/en active Pending
- 2015-07-21 WO PCT/US2015/041230 patent/WO2017014748A1/en active Application Filing
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2020
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US4258806A (en) * | 1978-09-27 | 1981-03-31 | Sandvik Ab | Rotary drill bit with rotary cutters |
US4911255A (en) * | 1989-02-21 | 1990-03-27 | Reed Tool Company | Means for retaining roller cutters on rotary drill bit |
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Cited By (1)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US11577349B2 (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2023-02-14 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Method of forming a journal for a roller cone drill bit |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN107709691A (en) | 2018-02-16 |
US11577349B2 (en) | 2023-02-14 |
US20200190910A1 (en) | 2020-06-18 |
WO2017014748A1 (en) | 2017-01-26 |
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