US20180152804A1 - Apparatus and a method for supplying information - Google Patents
Apparatus and a method for supplying information Download PDFInfo
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- US20180152804A1 US20180152804A1 US15/877,820 US201815877820A US2018152804A1 US 20180152804 A1 US20180152804 A1 US 20180152804A1 US 201815877820 A US201815877820 A US 201815877820A US 2018152804 A1 US2018152804 A1 US 2018152804A1
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- subscriber
- data
- information
- mobile telecommunications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
- G06Q40/06—Asset management; Financial planning or analysis
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
- H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
- H04L12/1804—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast for stock exchange and similar applications
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- H04L67/26—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/55—Push-based network services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
- H04M3/42025—Calling or Called party identification service
- H04M3/42034—Calling party identification service
- H04M3/42059—Making use of the calling party identifier
- H04M3/42068—Making use of the calling party identifier where the identifier is used to access a profile
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
- H04M3/487—Arrangements for providing information services, e.g. recorded voice services or time announcements
- H04M3/4872—Non-interactive information services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
- H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
- H04L12/1859—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast adapted to provide push services, e.g. data channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
- H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
- H04L12/189—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast in combination with wireless systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
- H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
- H04L12/1895—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast for short real-time information, e.g. alarms, notifications, alerts, updates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M2207/00—Type of exchange or network, i.e. telephonic medium, in which the telephonic communication takes place
- H04M2207/18—Type of exchange or network, i.e. telephonic medium, in which the telephonic communication takes place wireless networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/38—Graded-service arrangements, i.e. some subscribers prevented from establishing certain connections
- H04M3/382—Graded-service arrangements, i.e. some subscribers prevented from establishing certain connections using authorisation codes or passwords
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
- H04M3/42136—Administration or customisation of services
- H04M3/42153—Administration or customisation of services by subscriber
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W8/00—Network data management
- H04W8/18—Processing of user or subscriber data, e.g. subscribed services, user preferences or user profiles; Transfer of user or subscriber data
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S707/00—Data processing: database and file management or data structures
- Y10S707/99931—Database or file accessing
- Y10S707/99939—Privileged access
Abstract
An apparatus is provided with a first receiver for receiving changing information relating to a plurality of different sets of data such as financial data and a second receiver for receiving said changing information in synchronism with said first receiver means. A data base is provided to store information received by the first receiver and a subscriber profile store stores information associating a subscriber with a group of said different sets of data. The apparatus is arranged to supply, via the mobile telecommunications network, information from the data base for the group of data sets associated in the subscriber profile store with a subscriber when communication with that subscriber is first established and thereafter to supply changing information relating to the group of data sets associated with that subscriber directly to the subscriber from the second receiver.
Description
- This application is a Continuation application of Ser. No. 11/673,691 filed Feb. 12, 2007, which is a Continuation application of Ser. No. 09/926,751 filed Dec. 12, 2001, which is a National Stage of PCT/R000/00008 filed Apr. 13, 2000.
- This invention relates to apparatus and a method for supplying information. In particular, this invention relates to apparatus and a method for supplying to a subscriber via a mobile telecommunications network different types of information that are updated in real time, for example, information relating to financial markets.
- Information relating to financial markets changes rapidly throughout the trading day to such an extent that, at busy periods or when there is particular interest in a particular stock, option or currency, changes occur as frequently as once a second or even more rapidly. Although advances in telecommunications and, in particular, satellite telecommunications technology enable traders to receive continually updating finance and market information on desktop personal computers in their offices over dedicated communication links, the bandwidth of the current GSM standard mobile telecommunications network does not allow the supply of real time updating information such as financial market information over the mobile telecommunications network, so making it difficult for traders and the like to keep up to date with changes in the financial markets when away from their offices. Although changes envisaged to the mobile telecommunications standard will increase the available bandwidth over the mobile telecommunications networks, this increase is unlikely to be sufficient to enable receipt of real time updating information such as financial market information over a mobile telecommunications network.
- It is an aim of the present information to provide an apparatus and method for enabling a subscriber to receive via a mobile telecommunications network information that is updated in real time such as financial market information.
- In one aspect, the present invention provides apparatus for supplying to a subscriber via a mobile telecommunications network different sets of data that are updated in real time, the apparatus comprising:
- first receiving means for receiving said different sets of data;
- second receiving means for receiving said different sets of data in synchromism with said first receiving means;
- a database for storing said different sets of data received by said first receiving means;
- communication means for establishing communication with a subscriber via a mobile telecommunication network;
- a subscriber profile store for storing data indicating which of the different sets of data a subscriber is interested in;
- means for supplying initial information concerning the sets of data that a subscriber is interested in from the database when communication with the subscriber is established; and
- means for supplying information concerning the sets of data that a subscriber is interested in from said Second receiving means to the subscriber after said initial information has been supplied.
- In one aspect, the present invention provides apparatus for supplying to a subscriber via a mobile telecommunications network changing information for each of a plurality of different sets of data, the apparatus comprising:
- first receiving means for receiving said changing information;
- second receiving means for receiving said changing information in synchronism with said first receiving means;
- a database for storing information received by the first receiving means relating to said different sets of data;
- communication means for establishing communication with a portable computer of a subscriber via a mobile telecommunications network;
- a subscriber profile store for storing information associating a subscriber with a group of said different sets of data;
- means for supplying to a subscriber's portable computer via the mobile telecommunications network information from the database for the group of data sets associated with that subscriber when communication with that subscriber's portable computer is established; and
- means for supplying from said second receiving means to the subscriber's portable computer changing information relating to the group of data sets associated with that subscriber in the subscriber profile store once said initial information has been supplied to the subscriber.
- In an embodiment, the present invention provides apparatus that enables a subscriber to receive via a mobile telecommunications network initial data for initialising the presentation on a display of the subscriber's portable computer of information relating to different sets of data such as financial market data and then, once the initialisation procedure has been completed, supplies only changes to that group of data to the portable computer over the mobile telecommunications network so that, once the initialisation has been completed, the only data that needs to be supplied over the mobile telecommunications data is data that has changed since the initialisation procedure. This reduces the amount of data that has to be supplied to the subscriber and so facilitates supply of continually changing data such as financial market data virtually in real time over a mobile telecommunications network.
- Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic representation of a system embodying the present invention for supplying to a subscriber via a mobile telecommunications network, different sets of changing or continually updating data; -
FIG. 2 shows a block diagram illustrating functional components of a service provider shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 shows a block diagram illustrating functional components of a demand engine server of the service provider shown inFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 4 shows a block diagram illustrating functional components of an administration section of the service provider shown inFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 5 shows a block diagram illustrating functional components of the client interface of the demand engine server shown inFIG. 3 ; -
FIG. 6 shows a block diagram illustrating functional components of a subscriber's portable computer; -
FIGS. 7a and 7b show basic elements of a data structure for sets of data supplied to the service provider shown inFIG. 1 withFIGS. 7a and 7b representing price information and news information respectively; -
FIG. 8 shows different data stores of a database of the service provider shown inFIG. 2 ; -
FIGS. 9 and 10 are diagrams for explaining a packet filter of the demand engine server shown inFIG. 3 ; -
FIG. 11 shows a flow chart illustrating steps carried out by a subscriber's portable computer to receive data from the service provider; -
FIG. 12 shows a top level flow chart illustrating steps carried out by the service provider during supply of data to a subscriber; -
FIGS. 13 and 14 show flow charts for illustrating processing of data received by the service provider shown inFIG. 2 from the information provider shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIGS. 15a and 15b show steps carried out by the parser shown inFIG. 2 or the parser shown inFIG. 3 for price and news information respectively; -
FIG. 16 shows further steps carried out by the parser shown inFIG. 2 to store data in the database; -
FIG. 17 shows steps carried out by the demand engine server shown inFIG. 2 to determine the subscriber(s) to which data should be supplied; -
FIG. 18 shows a flow chart illustrating steps carried out in the supply of data to a subscriber; -
FIG. 19 shows diagrammatically a main menu displayed on a subscriber's portable computer display prior to the subscriber communicating with the service provider to start a session during which the subscriber will be supplied with data by the service provider; -
FIGS. 20 to 25 show screens that may be displayed to a subscriber on their portable computer to enable creation of a subscriber profile identifying the group of sets of data that the subscriber wishes to receive from the service provider; -
FIG. 26 shows a diagram illustrating the exchange of information between the service provider and the subscriber during a session; and -
FIGS. 27 to 35 show typical examples of how data supplied by apparatus embodying the invention is displayed on the display of a subscriber's portable computer. -
FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic representation of asystem 1 for supplying continually updating or changing information for sets of data to a plurality of subscribers. - In this
system 1, aninformation provider 2 provides continually updating information regarding a plurality of sets of data to aservice provider 4 via asatellite 3 communications link. Theservice provider 4 provides continually updating information for specific ones of the sets of data of interest to a subscriber to each of a plurality of subscribers 5 a, 5 b, 5 c, and 5 d via a GSMmobile telecommunications network 6. - In the embodiments to be described below, the
information provider 2 provides continually updating data relating to financial trading markets, in particular commodities (futures and options), stocks, indices and foreign exchanges and news. Theinformation provider 2 may be, for example, Standard and Poor's ComStock XpressFeed that provides access to real time prices for futures and options exchanges, stock exchanges, index exchanges and Forex (foreign exchange) and also acts as to supply real time financial news. The specific financial market, exchanges and news services for which real time data is provided is determined by theinformation provider 2. It will, of course, be appreciated thatinformation providers 2, other than Standard and Poor's ComStock XpressFeed, may be used for example, information providers such as Bloomberg and Reuters. -
FIG. 2 shows a functional block diagram of theservice provider 4. Theservice provider 4 consists ofinformation receiving apparatus 6 that receives information via thesatellite link 3 from theinformation provider 2 andinformation supplying apparatus 7 that is configured to supply continually updating information to subscribers over theGSM network 6. - The
information receiving apparatus 6 consists of two client site processors CSP1 and CSP2 provided by Standard and Poor. The client site processors CSP1 and CSP2 are each coupled via acommunications link 6 a to a satellite dish SD to enable both client site processors CSP1 and CSP2 to receive an encrypted data stream over thesatellite network 3 from theinformation provider 2. - Each of the client site processors CSP1 and CSP2 is arranged to decrypt and demodulate the received encrypted data stream and to maintain a local database of the financial data provided via the
satellite network 3 by theinformation provider 2. - Each of the client site processors CSP1 and CSP2 allows a
single client connection 6 b and 6 c using the TCP/IP protocol so that a client connected to the client site processor can receive via the TCP/IP connection real time updating financial data provided by theinformation provider 2 via thesatellite 3 link. - The actual financial markets, exchanges and news services for which real time updating data can be obtained by the client via the TCP/IP connection to the client site processor will be determined by the configuration of the client site processor which will itself be determined by the contractual arrangement between the
service provider 4 and theinformation provider 2. - The arrangement described so far differs from a conventional arrangement where the
information provider 2 is providing real time updating financial data via a client site processor to a desktop personal computer or a network of desktop personal computers each of which can receive and display the real time updating financial data because two client site processors CSP1 and CSP2 are provided which are identically configured and which are coupled via a single communications link 6 a to the satellite receiving dish SD. The two client site processors CSP1 and CSP2 thus receive and supply the real time updating data in a stream of packets in synchronism with one another to their respective TCP/IP connections 6 b and 6 c. - The subscriber
information supplying apparatus 7 comprises ademand engine server 8 connector via the first TCP/IP connection 6 b to the client site processor CSP1 and aparser 9 connected via the second TCP/IP connection 6 c to the client site processor CSP2. As will be described in detail below thedemand engine server 8 is arranged to supply data received over the TCP/IP connection 6 b to subscribers via a GSM network 6 (FIG. 1 ) while theparser 9 is arranged to cause data received over the TCP/IP connection 6 c to be stored in adatabase 10 of the subscriberinformation supplying apparatus 7. - The subscriber
information supplying apparatus 7 also includes anadministration unit 11 for enabling a systems operator to have access to the subscriberinformation supplying apparatus 7 to allow, for example, configuration of thedatabase 10 as will be described below. - The block diagram shown in
FIG. 2 is intended only to illustrate the functions carried out by theservice provider 4. In practice the subscriberinformation supplying apparatus 7 may consist of a multiprocessor distributed processing system using Windows NT version 4.0 or higher operating system, Microsoft SQL server version 7.0 andMicrosoft Access 97 or other database software. Typically, the multiprocessor system will consist of four processors and the functions illustrated by the blocks shown inFIG. 2 will be distributed amongst the processors of the multiprocessor system in conventional manner. -
FIG. 3 shows a functional block diagram of thedemand engine server 8. Thedemand engine server 8 consists of aparser 12, athread pool 13, a packet filter orsubscriber profile store 14 and subscriber anddatabase interfaces - As will be described in greater below, when a subscriber initially establishes communication with the
service provider 4 over theGSM network 6, thedemand engine server 8 allocates to that subscriber athread 13 which is part of thesubscriber interface 15 that accesses via thedatabase interface 16 the data stored in thedatabase 10 in respect of the sets of data in which the subscriber is interested and causes that accessed data to be communicated to the subscriber over theGSM network 6 so as to provide the subscriber with initial values for the sets of data in which the subscriber is interested. Thesubscriber interface 15 also causes the packet filter orclient profile store 14 to store data associating the subscriber with the sets of data in which the subscriber is interested. Theparser 12 is arranged to extract data from the data stream provided via the TCP/IP connection 6 c, to determine from thepacket filter 14 which of the connected subscribers are interested in the extracted data and to release the associated subscriber threads to supply that data to the interested subscribers via the subscriber'sinterface 15 and theGSM network 6. - The
administration unit 11 is provided to enable a systems operator or like personnel to configure or update thedatabase 10. Typically, theadministration unit 11 consists of processing capability which may be provided by the multiprocessor distributed processing system described above or may be provided by a dedicated processor. -
FIG. 4 shows a computer system that, when programmed, provides computer apparatus having the functionality of theinformation supplying apparatus 7 shown inFIG. 2 . As shown, a processor unit 17 (which may be a multi-processor unit) is associated with adisplay 18 for displaying information to a systems operator or other user, auser input device 19 consisting of a keyboard and, typically, also a pointing device such as a mouse, aremovable media storage 20 for receiving a removable medium (RM) 21 such as a floppy disk, CDROM or DVD disk andmass storage memory 22 which may, for example, be a hard disk drive arrangement or an allocated part of the memory associated the multiprocessor distributing processing system. The computer system may also have acommunications interface 19 a, for example a network card, enabling communication with other processors or computers on the same network or over an Intranet or the Internet. - The
subscriber interface 15 provides, as shown inFIG. 5 , adata structure 23 for storing data carried on a subscriber thread if the associated subscriber is not able to receive that data and asubscriber communications interface 24 for dealing with communication over theGSM network 6 with subscribers using conventional Windows sockets. - In order to receive data from the
service provider 4, each of thesubscribers 5 must have a computer provided with GSM mobile telecommunications capabilities. Although the computer could, for example, be a portable notebook or laptop computer having mobile telecommunications capabilities, in this embodiment the computer comprises a palm top computer designed to operate under the Windows CE version 2.0 or higher operating system and provided with both a GSM card and a touch sensitive display or screen. Typically, the palm top computer may be the HP680 Jornada palm top computer supplied by Hewlett Packard although other palm tops of similar specification may be used. -
FIG. 6 shows a block diagram for illustrating the basic functional components of a subscriber'sportable computer 30. As shown the portable computer comprises aprocessor unit 31 with associatedmemory 32, aGSM card 33, aremovable media storage 34 for receiving aremovable storage medium 35 such as a flash RAM card and adisplay 36 which also provides a touch sensitive screen for enabling user input. Theportable computer 30 will generally also include a furtheruser input device 37 in the form of a keyboard. - Program instructions and/or data for configuring the components of the subscriber
information supplying apparatus 7 may be input using theuser input device 19, supplied on a removabledata storage medium 21 or supplied as a signal over thecommunications interface 19 a or by any combination of these. Similarly, program instructions and/or data for configuring the subscriber'sportable computer 30 may be supplied as a signal via theGSM card 33 or another communications interface (not shown), input via theuser input device 37 or supplied on aremovable storage medium 35 or by any combination of these. - The data stream provided via the TCP/
IP connections 6 b and 6 c consists of packets of data provided either in a generic format in which the packets consist of a fixed number of fields delimited by “{” or in a digital form in which the packet have a variable number of fields with the fields being indicated by batecodes. - Data relating to a particular trading market or exchange contract is supplied in a single packet which has the basic format shown in
FIG. 7a . Thus the packet consists of anexchange identification code 40 consisting of two to three characters, asymbol identification code 41 identifying the particular contract on the exchange anddata fields 42 carrying the current price data for that contract. The contracts may be commodities (futures and options), stocks, indices or FOREX (foreign exchange). Where the symbol ID represents a future commodity then the symbol ID will include an expiry date while where the symbol ID represents an option commodity, then the symbol ID will include an expiry date and a strike price. To take an example, the exchange ID “17 f” may represent the LIFFE (London Independent Financial Futures Exchange). Where this is followed by the symbol ID “Zmy” this may indicate theFTSE 100 with an expiry date of “my”, where “m” represents the month and “y” represents the year of the expiry date. Where the contract is an options contract, then the symbol ID will have the format “Amysss” where “A” indicates the identity of the contract, “my” indicates the expiry date and the “sss” indicates the strike price. For a futures contract, then the price data field will include real time prices such as, for example, “ASK”, “BID”, “CLOSE” etc., prices. - The information provided by the
information provider 2 need not be simply financial data but may include finance related news data. A single news item may span more than one packet.FIG. 7b shows a data structure for a news packet. As shown a packet for a news message will contain at least a header (“head code”) 43 identifying the news item and the section within the news item plus anews body 44 contains at least a portion of the text from the news item. The packets need to identify which section of the news item is carried by the packet because the packets need not necessarily be transmitted in order. -
FIG. 8 illustrates the main data stores of thedatabase 10. These data stores include acustomers data store 50, asubscribers data store 51, anexchanges data store 52, a subscriberentitlement data store 53, asymbols data store 54 and adata data store 55. Although not shown inFIG. 8 , thedatabase 10 will also include other data stores, for example data stores for storing data for accounting purposes including data for enabling billing of customers and data for determining the fees payable by the subscribers to theservice provider 4. - The
customers data store 50 includes a file for each of the customers of theservice provider 4. Each customer file includes fields for a customer ID, the customers name and address and the number of subscribers that can be allocated to that customer. - Each customer file is related by its customer ID to one or more subscriber files in the
subscriber data store 51. Each subscriber file includes fields for a subscriber ID, the customer ID, a subscriber name and a subscriber password. Each subscriber file may also contain further information regarding the status of a subscriber. - Each subscriber file in the
subscriber data store 51 is related to a subscriber entitlements file in the subscriberentitlements data store 53 by its subscriber ID. Each file in the subscriber entitlements data store contains fields for the subscriber ID, the exchange IDs of the exchanges for which the subscriber is entitled receive data, the start and end date of the subscriber's entitlement and whether or not the subscriber's entitlement has been revoked. - Each subscriber entitlement file is related by the exchange IDs to one or more files in the
exchanges data store 52. Each exchange file contains the exchange ID, the exchange name, the exchange type, that is whether the exchange is a commodities (future and options), stocks or indices exchange or a currency exchange (forex), together with data indicating the availability of the exchange. - The
database 10 also includes asymbols data store 54 which contains a plurality of symbols files each of which associates a particular pattern with a corresponding exchange ID, the name of the company with which the contract is associated and the symbol type, where the symbol type identifies the type of the exchange, for example futures, options, index, stock, FOREX. Each pattern is related to a plurality of symbols provided by the information provider. Thus, for a futures and options contract where symbol is HBU9 (where HB represents the contract name while U9 represents an expiry date of September 1999) then the corresponding pattern will be HBmy where m and y are fields for expiry month and year and may represent any month and year. As will be appreciated all symbols for the contract name “HB”, regardless of their expiry date, will be associated with the same pattern. The information stored in the symbols file is provided by or derived from theinformation provider 2 and enables the subscriberinformation supplying apparatus 7 to identify the contract to which a packet of data relates and to supply the data to the interested subscribers in a format or protocol defined by theservice provider 4 for transmission of data to the subscribers over theGSM network 6. - Each customer file may be associated with more than one subscriber file enabling, for example, a company to be responsible for the payment for the usage of the system by a number of its employees, each of whom has his own individual subscriber file.
- The data stored in the
data stores 50 to 54 is static information that is input to thedatabase 10 by a systems operator using theadministration unit 11. The data in the exchanges andsymbols data stores information provider 2 while the data in thedata stores service provider 4. - The
data data store 55 is provided to store data received via the TCP/IP connection 6 c and parsed by theparser 9. Thedata store 55 thus stores the relevant data for each contract for which information is provided by theinformation provider 2. - Each financial exchange contract has its own data file identified by the corresponding symbol and exchange ID. The information in each data file is updated each time updated information is received for the corresponding contract from the
information provider 2, as and when the price data changes.FIG. 8 shows typical price data fields. Any one or more of the price data fields for a contract may be updated at any one time. When updated information for a price data field is received, then the data already in that field in the relevant data file is replaced so that the data store stores only the most recently received data for each contract. -
FIGS. 9 and 10 are diagrams for explaining the structure of the packet filter orprofile store 14. In this embodiment, the packet filter has a ternary tree structure. Each exchange ID EX1, EX2, EXn stored in thedatabase 10 is associated with a corresponding ternary tree structure T1, T2 . . . Tn as shown inFIG. 9 .FIG. 10 shows a ternary tree structure Tx consisting of a hierarchical arrangement of nodes with a first or uppermost level having a single node No connected to three nodes N11, N12, N13, of the second level of the hierarchy. Each node N11, N12, N13 of the second level is connected to a respective set of three nodes in the third or next lower level. - Although, for simplicity,
FIG. 10 shows only the nodes N111, N112, N113 of the third level that are connected to the node N11 of the second level it will be appreciated that the nodes N12 and N13 will also be coupled to three nodes in the third level. Although only three levels are shown, a ternary tree structure may consist of four or more levels, depending upon the data to be stored in the ternary tree. - The ternary tree associated with an exchange is used to store the alphanumeric patterns for the contracts on that exchange. Each node is associated with one alphanumeric character that may appear in the pattern. Each final or terminal node in the tree is associated with a particular pattern, for example the pattern “HBmy” identifies the financial contract “HB” and the fields “my” identify, for example, the month and year of expiry. Each pattern HBmy will be associated with contracts having the name HB and different expiry dates, that is each pattern will be associated with one or more symbols, for example one symbol may be “HBU9” representing a contract of name “HB” expiring in September 1999.
- As noted above, each node is connected to three nodes in the next level in the hierarchy with the left hand connected node being associated with a character that is lower in the alphanumeric order and the right-hand node being associated with a character that is higher in the alphanumeric order. This is indicated in
FIG. 10 by the “<” and “>” symbol, respectively. - The intermediate node represents the route that is followed by a search through the ternary tree structure when the character being searched for is the same as the character associated with the connected node in the previous level (represented by the “=” symbol). Thus, for example, where the stored patterns have the form “HBmy” where “HB” is an alphanumeric character representing the name of the contract and “m” and “y” are alphanumeric characters representing the month and year of expiry of the contract, then if, for example, the symbol is “HU9” where the characters “U9” represents September 1999 and the node No is associated with the character I, then a search for the symbol “HU9” will initially follow the left-hand branch of the tree structure because H is less than I in the alphanumeric order and then, when node N11 is reached, the search will follow the intermediate branch to node N112 because the character associated with the node N11 will be H. When the node N112 is reached, then the character associated with node N112 is checked and the appropriate one of the three branches (not shown) connected to that node is followed, depending on whether that character is less than, greater than or equal to the next character B in the pattern and so on until a final node is reached that is associated with the pattern “HBmy”.
- Each such final node in the ternary tree is associated by the
demand engine server 8 with the threads for the subscribers submitting profiles indicating in contracts having that pattern and particular expiry dates so that a search by the demand engine server through the ternary tree structure associated with a particular exchange will enable the demand engine server to identify the subscribers interested in a contract having a particular pattern and a sequential search can then be conducted to identify the subscribers interested in a particular expiry date identified by a received symbol. - The packet filter therefore effectively provides a client or subscriber profile store that associates each subscriber with the contract or contracts in which that subscriber is interested. A similar ternary tree structure may be provided for news items so that a subscriber need not necessarily receive all news items but may elect to receive news items only from a particular group of financial news suppliers.
- The use of ternary tree structures enables efficient and rapid searching to determine the subscribers associated with, that is interested in, a contract associated with a particular pattern. It will, however, be understood that other storage and searching arrangements may be used, for example, hash tables which sprinkle the alphanumeric strings throughout an array or binary search trees which store the strings in order may be used. However, ternary tree structures provide the most efficient and therefore quickest way of searching for pattern or character strings of the type referred to above.
- The operation of the system described above with reference to
FIGS. 1 to 10 will now be described with reference toFIGS. 11 to 38 . - The
database 10 shown inFIG. 8 is assumed to have been populated by initial data supplied by theinformation provider 2 so that theexchanges data store 52 is populated by information identifying the exchanges for which theinformation provider 2 provides information and so that thesymbols data store 54 has been populated by information associating each contract available on each exchange with the corresponding exchange ID and identifying the pattern and symbol used to identify that contract. - It will, of course, be appreciated that the exchanges and contracts for which the
information provider 2 provides information to theservice provider 4 may change from time to time in accordance with changes on the financial market and also changes in the contractual agreement between theservice provider 4 and theinformation provider 2. Any such changes to the information stored in the exchanges andsymbols data stores service provider 4 via theinformation provider 2 so that a systems operator can update the exchanges andsymbols data stores administration unit 11. - Similarly, the customers, subscribers and subscribers
entitlements data stores administration unit 11 in accordance with data supplied to theservice provider 4 by the customers and the contractual agreement between each customer and theservice provider 4. In addition, the accounting data stores which are not shown inFIG. 10 will similarly be populated by initial information provided by theinformation provider 2 and the customers to theservice provider 4. This information may, of course, be updated by theservice provider 4 to allow for addition of customers and subscribers and for changes in the contractual relationship between the customers and the service provider. - Referring now to
FIGS. 11 and 12 , assuming that a subscriber's details have already been stored in thedatabase 10 and the subscriber has been allocated a password or authentication code, then in order to log on to or start a session with theservice provider 4, thesubscriber 5 must first establish communication with theservice provider 4 over the GSM network 6 (step S1 inFIG. 11 ). Then the subscriber enters his user name and authentication code or password into hisportable computer 30 and the portable computer sends the information to theservice provider 4 over theGSM network 6 at step S2. - The
portable computer 30 then waits for the subscriber to enter profile data identifying the exchanges, contracts and filtering information (for example expiry date and strike price for a futures and options contract) in which the subscriber is interested in receiving information and then sends that profile data over theGSM network 6 to the service provider 4 (step S3). Theportable computer 30 then waits for the requested data to be sent by theservice provider 4 over the GSM network and, when the data is received, displays that data on itsdisplay 36 at step S4. Theportable computer 30 continues to receive data from theservice provider 4 over theGSM network 6 and to update the data displayed to the user until theportable computer 30 determines at step S5 that the subscriber wishes to log off. -
FIG. 12 shows the steps carried out by theservice provider 4 during communication with a subscriber. It will be appreciated that, because each subscriber or client is allocated its own thread by thedemand engine server 8, theservice provider 4 can communicate simultaneously with a number of different subscribers even though each of the subscribers may be receiving different information. - At step S6 in
FIG. 12 , thedemand engine server 8 waits for requests for communication from a subscriber's portable computer and, when such a request is received, establishes communication with that subscriber (step S6). At step S7, the demand engine server receives the user name and authentication code or password supplied by the subscriber and at step S8 checks thesubscribers data store 51 to determine whether the received password is a valid password and, if so, whether the subscriber ID that is automatically sent by the subscriber's portable computer when the subscriber attempts to log on agrees with the subscriber ID stored in the subscriber'sdata store 51 for that password (step S8). If the password is invalid or does not agree with the subscriber ID, then thedemand engine server 8 communicates with the subscriber at step S9 and causes the subscriber's portable computer to display to the user a message indicating that, for example, the password is invalid. The user may then re-attempt communication by re-entering the password. - Once the subscriber has been authenticated, then the
demand engine server 8 checks to see whether thedatabase 10 contains any information regarding modifications by theinformation provider 2 to the exchanges and contracts available and if so communicates that information to the subscriber's portable computer at step S10 so as to enable the list of available exchanges and contracts stored in thememory 32 of the subscriber's portable computer to be updated. - At step S11, the
demand engine server 8 receives from the subscriber's portable computer the subscriber profile data provided by the user and then updates thepacket filter 14 so as to associate that subscriber and the filtering information (eg expiry date(s) included in the profile data with the nodes in the packet filter ternary tree structure for the patterns representing the contracts in which the subscriber is interested at step S11. - The demand engine server then accesses the
data data store 55 in thedatabase 10 and supplies to the user initial data from thedatabase 10 for each of the contracts identified in the received subscriber's profile. This data will represent the data most recently received from theinformation provider 2 and stored in thedata data store 55 because, as noted above, the information in thedata data store 55 is continually updated as and when updated information is received from theinformation provider 2. - Once the subscriber's portable computer has been initialised with the data supplied from the data data store 55 (step S12 in
FIG. 12 ), then thedemand engine server 8 will supply to that subscriber'sportable computer 30 updated information received via the TCP/IP connection 6 b for any of the contracts identified in the subscriber's profile (step S13 inFIG. 13 ) until thedemand engine server 8 determines at step S14 inFIG. 12 that the subscriber has logged off, that is the subscriber has ended the session. - As will be evident from the following explanation, a subscriber may subscribe with different profile data in different Windows. Where this is the case, then the subscriber will be sent the data corresponding to the subscribed profile to be displayed in the corresponding Window until the subscriber closes that particular Window or logs off.
- The processing of data received by the subscriber
information supplying apparatus 7 from the clients site processors CSP1 and CSP2 over the TCP/IP connections 6 b and 6 c will now be described in greater detail with reference toFIGS. 13 to 18 . -
FIG. 13 shows a flow chart illustrating the basic operations carried out by theparser 9. As noted above, theparser 9 is continually receiving, over the TCP/IP connection 6 c, packets of data from the client site processor CSP2. Typically, the data stream may consist of between 100 and 500 packets per second, depending upon the amount of activity on the financial markets, with each packet containing the price data that has changed for a particular contract. In this example, each packet contains up to 300 bytes. - As the data stream of packets is received by the
parser 9 from the client site processor CSP2 at step S15, theparser 9 extracts the packets from the data stream and parses (step S16) the packets so as to determine the exchange ID and symbol (which also determines the relevant pattern) to enable the data to be stored in the relevant data file in the data data store 55 (step S17). Theparser 9 carries out steps S16 and S17 continually so that the data stored in thedatabase 10 is updated as and when updated price data for a contract is received from theinformation provider 2 via the client site processor CSP2. -
FIG. 14 shows a flow chart for illustrating the processing by thedemand engine server 8 of the data stream received from the client site processor CSP1 via the TCP/IP connection 6 b. Theparser 12 of thedemand engine server 8 continually receives, extracts and parses packets of data received from the client site processor CSP1 (steps S18 and S19 inFIG. 14 ). The operations carried out by theparser 12 at steps S18 and S19 correspond to the operations carried out by theparser 9 at steps S15 and S16. The operation of thedemand engine server 8 differs from that of theparser 9 in that, once a packet has been parsed, thedemand engine server 8 conducts a search through the ternary tree structures of thepacket filter 14 to identify the node associated with the pattern for that packet and then determines which, if any, of the connected subscribers associated with that node have submitted a profile matching the symbol for the contract update information received in that packet (step S20). The demand engine server then releases at step S21 the subscriber threads associated with the identified node and matched profile so as to enable the contract update data to be supplied to the subscriber or subscribers identified from the packet filter (step S21). -
FIG. 15a shows in greater detail the parsing of a financial contract data packet (step S16 inFIG. 13 or step S19 inFIG. 12 ). Thus, at step S29, theparser -
FIG. 15b shows a flow chart illustrating parsing of a news data packet. Thus, at step S29 a theparser 12 identifies the new code of the headline and at step S30 a identifies the news body and at step S31 a extracts the news data fields. -
FIG. 16 illustrates in greater detail the step S17 carried out by theparser 9. Thus, at step S32, having identified the exchange ID and symbol ID, theparser 9 accesses the area of the data data store associated with the exchange and symbol ID carried by the extracted packet and then, at step S33, uses the price data code accompanying the price data in the packet to determine which price data fields for that contract are being updated and then stores the updated price data in the relevant field for that contract (step S33). -
FIG. 17 shows step S20 ofFIG. 14 in greater detail. Thus, once theparser 12 has parsed an extracted packet identifying the exchange ID and symbol ID or pattern, then thedemand engine server 8 accesses thepacket filter 14 at step S34 and then, at step S35, conducts a search through the ternary tree structure associated with the identified exchange ID as described above until the node associated with the pattern for the identified symbol is reached (step S35). The demand engine server then determines (step S36) the subscriber threads associated with the located or identified node and matched profile and releases the thread carrying the update data to thesubscriber interface 15. -
FIG. 18 illustrates further steps in the communication of data with a subscriber. As will be appreciated, the subscriberinformation supplying apparatus 7 constitutes a multiprocessor system that is considerably more powerful than the subscriber's portable computer. This means that the subscriberinformation supplying apparatus 7 is potentially capable of supplying data at a faster rate than can be handled by the subscriber's portable computer so that, for example, the subscriber's portable computer may still be processing the last received set of data for display on thedisplay 36 when the subscriberinformation supplying apparatus 7 wishes to send further update data. Accordingly, as shown inFIG. 18 , before supplying update data to a subscriber, thedemand engine server 8 checks at step S37 whether the subscriber is ready or available to receive data. - If the answer at step S37 is no, then the
demand engine server 8 stores the update data in thedata structure 23 for that subscriber (step S38) until the answer at step S37 is yes, the subscriber is able to receive update data. If further update data is received before the subscriber is ready or able to receive data, then the data stored in thesubscriber data structure 23 at step S38 is replaced by that updated data. This ensures that, despite any processing limitations of the subscriber's portable computer, the subscriber receives the most up-to-date price data possible. - When the answer at step S37 is yes, then the update data is supplied to the subscriber's portable computer via the
subscriber interface 24 and theGSM network 6 using the GSM protocol. Although the current GSM standard provides a bandwidth of only 9600 bps, subscribers can still receive financial data in virtually real time because, once the subscriber's portable computer has been initialised with data taken from thedatabase 10, the only data that needs to be sent to the subscriber's portable computer over theGSM network 6 is the data that has changed for the specific contracts in which the subscriber is interested. This means that the amount of data that must be supplied to the subscriber over the GSM network to keep the subscriber up-to-date is considerably smaller than the amount of data received by the subscriberinformation supplying apparatus 7 from either client site processor CSP1 or CSP2. This allows the subscribers to receive continually updating financial data over the GSM network which, because of the relatively limited bandwidth of the GSM network, would not be possible if the information was being supplied directly from theinformation provider 2. - The system described above will now be further explained by way of reference to examples of screens displayed to the user on the
display 36. As noted above, the subscriber's portable computer will generally be a palm top running the windows CE operating system which, as is well known in the art, enables a user to launch an application once the computer has been powered up by either clicking on an icon associated with that application or by selecting the application from the start menu. Once this has been done, then theprocessor unit 31 displays to the user a display screen requesting the user to insert their user name and password and once the user name and password has been verified as described above, theprocessor unit 31 displays to the user themain screen 70 shown inFIG. 19 which includes astart button 71 for enabling powering down of the computer and access to other applications and a number, five as shown, of main menus buttons. In this example, the main menus consist of “prices”, “news”, “create profiles”, “use profiles” and “utilities”. The utilities main menu is, in this example, provided simply to enable the user to change their password and will not be described in greater detail herein. - The “prices” main menu is provided to enable a user to create profiles for either immediate use or storage in the memory of the
portable computer 30 for later use while the “news” menu enables a user to request receipt of financial news data from theservice provider 4. The “create profiles” main menu enables a user to create profiles for storage on the portable computer for future use while the “use profiles” main menu enables the user to access a previously stored profile and submit that to the service provider. - The “prices” main menu when selected offers the options of creating a standard futures and options profile, an index profile, a FOREX (foreign exchange) profile and a stock profile.
FIG. 20 shows thescreen 72 displayed when futures and option is selected from the prices main menu whileFIGS. 21, 22 and 23 show, respectively, thescreens - The futures and options display 72 shown in
FIG. 20 has awindow 73 for displaying the list available exchanges stored in thememory 32, awindow 74 for displaying available contracts stored in thememory 32 for the exchange shown in thewindow 73, awindow 75 for enabling a user to specify an expiry date for contracts, awindow 76 for enabling a user to save an exchange and contract selection, asearch window 77 for enabling a user to enter, for example, the first four characters of a contract to enable a user to search for a particular contract from the list stored in thememory 32 of his portable computer. Thescreen 72 also provides acomposite window 78 which, when the user clicks in the composite window, selects a display option for contract data in which contract data for contracts of the same type (that is for example all futures and options contracts) to be displayed in the same window on thedisplay 36. Each of thewindows memory 32 of theportable computer 30 to be displayed to the user so as to enable the user to select a particular exchange and contract by clicking on that exchange and contract. - Once the user has confirmed that the required exchange and contract are displayed in the
windows button 79 to add the selected contract to his futures features and options profile. The user may then repeat the above process. Each time the applybutton 79 is clicked the displayed exchange and contract will be added to the user's futures and options profile. If the user has allocated a name or mnemonic to the profile in thewindow 76 then the profile will be stored in thememory 32 so that it can be retrieved and used for future sessions after the present session has ended. Otherwise, the profile is stored in thememory 32 only for the duration of the current session. Once the user is happy with the selection of exchanges and contracts and wishes to start a session, then the user clicks on a submitbutton 80. Theprocessor unit 31 then reads the data stored in thememory 32 for the created profile and supplies that to thedemand engine server 8 over theGSM network 6 using the protocol determined by the software installed on the portable computer so as to enable theservice provider 4 to identify the exchanges and contracts required by the subscriber and to store this information in thepacket filter 14 as described above. -
FIG. 21 shows thescreen 81 displayed to the user when the user selects the “index” option from the prices menu. Again this has awindow 82 for displaying available indices. This window may, as is well known in the art, display a single line in a manner similar to that shown forwindow 73 inFIG. 20 or may be expanded as shown inFIG. 21 to enable a user to scroll through the list of indices stored in thememory 32. This window is also associated with asearch criteria window 83 to enable a user to select a particular index by entering, for example, the first four or more characters of the index name and, again, the user can optionally allocate a name or mnemonic to the profile so that the profile can be saved in thememory 32 for use in subsequent sessions after the current session has ended. In this example, once the user is satisfied with their index selection, then the user clicks on a submitbutton 80 a at which point theprocessor unit 31 reads the data input by the user and submits the profile to theservice provider 4 over theGSM network 6 in accordance with the predetermined protocol with theservice provider 4. -
FIG. 22 shows thescreen 85 displayed when the user selects the ‘FOREX’ option. As shown there is acurrency display window 86, abox 87 to select all currencies, awindow 88 to select the cross currency to which the exchange rate is referenced, aterms window 89 to enable a user to select the types of price data he wishes to receive, aprofile saving window 76 b and a ‘submit’button 80 b as before. -
FIG. 23 shows thescreen 90 displayed when the user selects the London Stock Exchange from stock options under the prices menu. This screen provides awindow 91 for displaying to the user the list of stock names stored in thememory 32, asearch criterion window 92 for enabling a user to input characters in part of a stock name to enable that stock name to be retrieved from the stored list, awindow 76 c for enabling a user to allocate a name or mnemonic to the stock profile so that it is stored in thememory 32 for retrieval for future sessions and a submitbutton 80 c for enabling submission of the profile to theservice provider 4 in a manner similar to that described above for the futures and options, indices and FOREX profiles. - Each of the above described windows also has a cancel
button 100 for enabling cancelling of a profile where the user finds they have made a mistake. - In this embodiment, the user may also create a futures and options profile using the “create profiles” main menu.
FIG. 24 shows thescreen 93 displayed to the user when this option is selected. As can be seen from a comparison with thescreen 72 shown inFIG. 20 , this screen provides a user with more options than the standard futures and options profile. In particular, thescreen 93 enables a user to set a strike price in astrike price window 94 and to define the list of price data fields in which the user is interested in afields window 96. In this case, each time a price data field is selected the user clicks on the applybutton 79 to add that to the profile. Again, as in the case of the standard futures and options profile, the user can click in thecomposite window 78 to select the composite option to enable price data for different contracts to be displayed in the same window. - As described above, each time the user clicks on the submit button, the profile defined by the user is transmitted over the
GSM network 6 to theservice provider 4 and thepacket filter 14 of the demand engine server is updated so as to associate the relevant nodes in the packet filters with that subscriber. The subscriber may submit only a single profile or may submit a number of different profiles for the same session each having a separate window. (If a subscriber closes a window, then the subscriber will no longer receive data for the profile defined by that window). - In the present arrangement, the system is configured such that a profile cannot be modified during a session unless the profile is a futures and options profile for which the composite option has been selected. Where the composite option has been selected, then the user may modify the composite profile during a session by acting upon, in this double-clicking on, the corresponding output screen. When this is done, then the processor unit displays to the user the
screen 97 shown inFIG. 25 which has afirst window 98 displaying the current contracts selected for the composite profile andwindows windows FIG. 20 to enable further exchanges and contracts and expiry dates to be selected by a user and added to the profile by clicking on the “new”button 99. An existing contract may be deleted from the profile by selecting the contract and clicking on the “delete”button 99 a. An existing contract may be modified by highlighting the contract, changing the profile data (for example the expiry data) and then clicking on the applybutton 79. Again, if a name or mnemonic has been allocated in thewindow 76 e, theprocessor unit 31 will save the profile under that name or mnemonic in thememory 32 for use in future sessions after the current session has ended. - In order to submit the modified composite profile, the user then clicks on the submit
button 80 e and the modified profile is submitted to the service provider in the manner described above. - When the user selects the “news” option from the main menu, then the user will be given the option of subscribing to the news service provided by the information provider and, if the user chooses to subscribe, this information will be sent to the
service provider 4 over theGSM network 6. -
FIG. 26 shows a diagram for illustrating the sequence of events in communication between one particular subscriber and thedemand engine server 8 on the one hand and between thedemand engine server 8 and the client site processor CSP1 on the other hand. The arrow labelled “t” inFIG. 26 indicates the direction of increasing time. - Prior to the subscriber establishing communication or connection with the
demand engine server 8, the client site processor CSP2 is sendingpackets 200 of data to the demand engine server which will be extracted by theparser 9 and used to update the data stored in thedatabase 10. Subsequently, as shown inFIG. 26 , this particular subscriber establishes connection with thedemand engine server 8 and submits a profile indicating interest in contracts C1 and C2. This profile may be any of the profiles described above with reference toFIGS. 20 to 25 . - The demand engine server takes the received profile data and registers that
profile 8 data in thepacket filter 14 so that this particular subscriber is associated with the nodes of the packet filter corresponding to the patterns for the contracts C1 and C2 identified by the registered profile. At this time, thedemand engine server 8 will also initialise the subscriber's session by communicating to the subscriber over the GSM network the current data for the contracts C1 and C2 from thedatabase 10. Once the subscriber'sportable computer 30 has received and processed this data for display to the user, then theportable computer 30 sends a ready signal back to thedemand engine server 8 indicating that it is ready to receive update data. During this time, the client site processor CSP1 is continuing to send the stream of packets received from the information provider to thedemand engine server 8 over the TCP/IP connection 6 c. Price updates relating to the contracts C1 and C2 in the subscriber's registered profiles will then be forwarded to the subscriber via thesubscriber interface 15. Generally, theprocessor unit 31 will take a time period Tc (typically approximately 1 second) to process the received data for display to the user. However, as shown inFIG. 26 , the time period Ts between receipt of updated data for contracts in the subscriber's profile may, dependent on the market activity, be considerably shorter than Tc so that thedemand engine server 8 will have newly updated price data to send to the subscriber before the subscriber indicates that it is ready again to receive data. Where this is the case, then as described above, the newly updated data may be stored in the data structure 23 (FIG. 5 ). If, as shown inFIG. 26 , the subscriber does not indicate to the demand engine server that it is ready to receive further data until another set of updated data for the contracts C1 and C2 has been received by thedemand engine server 8, then the intermediate set of update data will be discarded and only the most recently received updated data will be forwarded to the subscriber. This means that the stream of data to the subscriber is fragmented and that some updates are omitted. However, it has the advantage that the subscriber can be sure that the data received is the most recent update and that there is no backlog of updates at thedemand engine server 8 awaiting supply to the subscriber. Of course, if theprocessor unit 31 of the portable computer is sufficiently powerful or there is little activity in relation to a contract, then the time period Tc may be comparable to the time period Ts so that all update data is supplied to the subscriber. Similarly, all update data may be supplied to the subscriber if the subscriber's computer has sufficient memory capacity to store new update data while previously received update data is being processed for display to the user. Where theprocessor unit 31 is sufficiently powerful or the portable computer has sufficient memory to achieve this, then the protocol may be modified so that thedemand engine server 8 does not await a ready signal from the subscriber but sends the updated data to the subscriber as and when it is received in accordance with the TCP/IP protocol over the GSM network. -
FIGS. 27 to 31 show examples of how received data is displayed on thedisplay 36 to a user for different types of profile.FIGS. 27, 28, 29, 30 and 31 show, respectively, a standard futures profile, a standard options profile, a regular options profile, a composite futures profile and a FOREX profile.FIG. 32 shows how received data is displayed to a user for an index profile whileFIG. 33 shows how received data is displayed to a user for a stock profile. -
FIG. 34 shows the screen displayed to a user when the news service is selected. As can be seen forFIG. 34 , although theservice provider 4 communicates the entirety of each news item to theportable computer 30, initially only the headlines for each news item are displayed on thedisplay 36. However, the user can elect to see the full text of a news item by clicking on the headline for that news item.FIG. 35 shows a typical example of the display of a news item. Each screen will be displayed in a separate window and these windows may, as is well known in the Windows CE art, be displayed separately, tiled or cascaded. - The above description assumes that the signal over the GSM network never drops out during a session. If, however, the signal does drop out, then the user will be notified in the title bar of the relevant window that the signal has been lost and that reconnection is being attempted. Once the physical link over the GSM network has been re-established, then the portable computer will automatically resend the subscriber's profiles so as to re-establish transmission of data.
- It will be appreciated that the screens described above represent only an example and that the user may be provided with different profile selection and display options. Also, although in the above described embodiments, information received over the GSM network from the
service provider 4 is displayed to the user using a standard Windows CE graphical user interface, other graphical user interfaces may be used. For example, a web graphical user interface such as Microsoft Internet Explorer may be used. In addition, the computer need not necessarily be arranged to operate using a Windows or Windows CE operating system. For example, the software may be adapted to run on, for example, theEPOCH 32 operating system or the PALMOS operating system. Also, data searching techniques other than the ternary tree structure described above may be used, for example so called HASH tables or binary tree structures may be used although these may be less efficient. In addition, the present invention is not dependent on the particular information provider and may be implemented using financial data supplied via different information providers. Also, the financial data need not necessarily be supplied to the service provider via a satellite communications link but could, for example, be via a dedicated land communications link especially if theinformation provider 2 is located physically close to or at the same location as theservice provider 4. In addition, the client site processors CSP1 and CSP2 may be located remote from the subscriber information supplying apparatus, provided that a communications link can be established between the client site processors and the information supplying apparatus. Furthermore, communication protocols other than the TCP/IP protocol may be used, if desired. - The present invention may be applied wherein a subscriber wishes or needs to receive data via a mobile telecommunication network. The subscriber's computer may be a desktop computer having only mobile telecommunications facsilities (that is having no land line connection) on a combined computer and mobile telephone.
- Although the above described embodiments relate to the supply of real time updating financial data, the present invention may be applied to the supply of any rapidly changing data such as racing information for example horse racing information, or other betting or similar gambling products.
Claims (21)
1. Apparatus for supplying changing information to communication devices of subscribers during subscriber sessions via a mobile telecommunications network, the apparatus comprising:
a receiver to receive changing information for each of a plurality of different sets of data;
a data base to store received information for each of the plurality of different sets of data;
a communicator to communicate with a said subscriber communication device via a mobile telecommunications network;
a determiner to, when a said subscriber communication device establishes communication via the communicator to start a subscriber session for a subscriber, determining the group of said different sets of data associated with that said subscriber; and
a supplier to supply, when a said subscriber communication device establishes communication via the communicator to start a subscriber session for a subscriber, to that subscriber communication device via the mobile telecommunications network as initial information the information currently stored in the data base for the sets of data in which that subscriber is interested to cause that subscriber communication device to present that initial information to the subscriber and to subsequently, as changing information is received by the receiver during the subscriber session, supply to the subscriber communication device via the mobile telecommunications network only changes since that initial information, to cause that subscriber communication device to present those changes to the subscriber, the supplier being operable to continue supplying changes since that initial information to that subscriber communication device until the subscriber terminates the subscriber session.
2-23. (canceled)
24. Apparatus for supplying to a subscriber via a mobile telecommunications network continually changing price information for a plurality of different sets of financial market data, the apparatus comprising a determiner to determine which of the different sets of financial market data a subscriber is interested in and a supplier to initially supply the subscriber via the mobile telecommunications network all current information for the set or sets of financial market data in which the subscriber is interested and then to supply to the subscriber via the mobile telecommunications network only updates or changes in the information for that set or sets of financial market data that have occurred since the information initially supplied to the subscriber.
25. A subscriber apparatus for communicating via a mobile telecommunications network with information supplying apparatus for supplying to the subscriber changing information for each of a plurality of different sets of data, the subscriber apparatus comprising:
a user input interface for enabling a user to input data identifying a group of said sets of data in which the subscriber is interested;
a communicator to communicate to the information supplying apparatus via the mobile telecommunications network data identifying the group of said sets of data in which the subscriber is interested;
a requester to request from the information supplying apparatus via the mobile telecommunications network information for the group of sets of data;
a receiver to receive from the information supplying apparatus via the mobile telecommunications network, in response to a request by the requester, initial information comprising the current available data for the group of sets of data at the time of the request and then to receive, as changes occur in the changing information for the group of sets of data, change information comprising only the changes to the data since the initial information; and
an advisor to advise a user of the received information.
26. Apparatus according to claim 25 , wherein the advisor comprises a display to display the initial information to a user and to change the displayed information as change information is received.
27. Apparatus according to claim 25 , further comprising a store to store subscriber profile data identifying a group of said sets of data in which the subscriber is interested.
28. Apparatus according to claim 25 , further comprising an informer to inform the information supplying apparatus via the mobile telecommunications network when the receiver is ready to receive information.
29. Apparatus according to claim 25 , further comprising a store to store received information.
30. Apparatus according to claim 25 , wherein the store is arranged to store received information while the advisor is advising a user of previously received information.
31. A method of supplying to subscribers via a mobile telecommunications network changing information for each of a plurality of different sets of data, the method comprising the steps of:
receiving changing information from an information provider;
storing data representing the received changing information in a database;
storing data indicating which of the different sets of data a subscriber is interested in;
establishing communication with a subscriber via the mobile telecommunications network;
when communication is established with the subscriber, supplying the subscriber with information regarding the data sets in which the subscriber is interested by initially supplying to the subscriber over the mobile telecommunications network initial information representing the data then stored in the database for the data sets in which the subscriber is interested and, after the initial information has been supplied, as further changing information is received from the information provider, supplying directly to the subscriber over the mobile telecommunications network only changes in the information since the initial information.
32. A method according to claim 31 , wherein the plurality of different sets of data is a plurality of different sets of financial market data.
33. A method according to claim 31 , which comprises storing in the database as said changing information changing price data.
34. A method according to claim 32 , which comprises identifying the financial exchange and contract to which received changing price data relates and storing that changing price data in a file related to that contract.
35. A method according to claim 31 , wherein existing changing information in the database is replaced as new changing information is received.
36. A method according to claim 31 , wherein the subscriber profile storing step comprises associating a subscriber with codes relating to the or each set of data in which the subscriber is interested.
37. A method according to claim 31 , wherein the subscriber profile storing step comprises associating different character strings with sets of data and associating a subscriber with a character string relating to a set of data in which the subscriber is interested.
38. A method according to claim 37 , which comprises arranging the character strings in at least one ternary tree structure.
39. A method according to claim 31 , which also comprises communicating changing news data to subscribers.
40. A method according to claim 32 , wherein changing information is received by satellite communication from at least one information provider.
41. A method of operating a computer having mobile telecommunications facilities to enable communication via a mobile telecommunications network with information supplying apparatus for supplying to the subscriber changing information for each of a plurality of different sets of data, the method comprising:
receiving via a user input device data identifying a group of said sets of data in which the subscriber is interested;
communicating the subscriber profile data to the information supplying apparatus;
establishing communication with the information supplying apparatus;
when communication is established with the information supplying apparatus, initially receiving from the information supplying apparatus over the mobile telecommunications network all information stored in the database for the group of said sets of data in which the subscriber is interested and thereafter, as further changing information is received, receiving from the information supplying apparatus over the mobile telecommunications network only changes to the information for that group since the information stored in the database was supplied to the subscriber.
42-43. (canceled)
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Also Published As
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US9288605B2 (en) | 2016-03-15 |
AU2000263270A1 (en) | 2001-10-30 |
US20130231094A1 (en) | 2013-09-05 |
US20070207786A1 (en) | 2007-09-06 |
US20100125551A1 (en) | 2010-05-20 |
US7194468B1 (en) | 2007-03-20 |
US9913068B2 (en) | 2018-03-06 |
WO2001080114A1 (en) | 2001-10-25 |
EP1297460A1 (en) | 2003-04-02 |
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