US2017147A - Emulsified wood oils - Google Patents
Emulsified wood oils Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2017147A US2017147A US662486A US66248633A US2017147A US 2017147 A US2017147 A US 2017147A US 662486 A US662486 A US 662486A US 66248633 A US66248633 A US 66248633A US 2017147 A US2017147 A US 2017147A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oils
- wood
- caustic
- emulsified
- wood oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 title description 27
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title description 18
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 30
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DTAFLBZLAZYRDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N OOOOOO Chemical compound OOOOOO DTAFLBZLAZYRDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N guaiacol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1O LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002338 polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
- Y10S516/924—Significant dispersive or manipulative operation or step in making or stabilizing colloid system
- Y10S516/927—Significant dispersive or manipulative operation or step in making or stabilizing colloid system in situ formation of a colloid system making or stabilizing agent which chemical reaction
Definitions
- This invention relates to emulsified wood oils.
- One object of my invention is to provide stable, liquid, aqueous emulsions of the oils obtained in the production and refining of pyroligneous acid. Other objects will hereinafter appear.
- Heavy oils with a boiling range of approximately 150-310 C., at atmospheric pressure, distill 01f, and hardwood pitch is left in the retort. These heavy oils may be used alone in carrying out my invention, or they may be mixed with the heavy oils described above. In addition I may employ, either alone or mixed with either or both of the heavy oils described, the lighter oils obtained in the further purification of the crude methanol and crude acetic acid obtained as shown in the flow sheet. However, these lighter oils have properties which suit them for other purposes, and where economic conditions are such as to favor their use for these other purposes, I prefer not to employ them for carrying out my present invention.
- the oils described above are composed of a caustic-soluble portion and a socalled neutral portion which does not react with caustic. If the oils are treated with a. dilute solution of caustic, such as dilute sodium hydroxide solution, two distinct and separate layers are formed. The lower layer consists of a solution of the caustic-soluble portion in the aqueous caustic solution, while the upper layer is composed of the neutral oils which do not enter into reaction with the caustic solution. If a more concentrated solution of caustic is used, separation does not occur, but the emulsion formed is not a stable liquid emulsion, for uponstanding it solidifies into a. soft, solid mass.
- a. dilute solution of caustic such as dilute sodium hydroxide solution
- the amount of sodium hydroxide to be used varies according to the ratio of the volume of wood oil to the volume of water used.
- the following table Grams of solid sodium hydron'de per 100 cc. total volume of liquids Percent wood oil by volume Percent water by volume swswe-s" OOOOOO messes
- Other alkalies may be used instead of sodium hydroxide, such as potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, or potassium carbonate, but I-prefer to use sodium hydroxide because it is more economical.
- the critical concentration ranges vary with the alkali used.
- I may dissolve 5.0 grams of flaked sodium hydroxide in 50 cc. of water, and stir into the solution 50 cc. of wood oil. After about minutes of stirring, a. stable, liquid emulsion results.
- My novel wood oil emulsions are useful as weedkillers, for instance for keeping railroad tracks free from weeds, grass, etc.
- wood oils which may be employed in carrying out my invention, it will be understood that there are other wood oils which I may use.
- wood oil I mean any'oil derived from the distillation of hardwood and comprising a caustic-soluble portion and a caustic-insoluble portion.
- a stable, liquid emulsion of wood oil with an" aqueous solution of caustic soda resulting from. the addition of approximately 5 grams oi. caustic soda per 100 cc. of wood oil and water, the wood oil constituting approximately 50% or the total volume or wood oil and water.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Description
Patented Oct. 15, 1935 EMULSIFIED WOOD OILS Louis J. Figg, Jr., King sport, Tenn}, assignor'to Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, N. Y., a corporation of New York I Application March 24, 1933, Serial No. 662,486
4 Claims. (Cl. 167-27) This invention relates to emulsified wood oils. One object of my invention is to provide stable, liquid, aqueous emulsions of the oils obtained in the production and refining of pyroligneous acid. Other objects will hereinafter appear.
In the distillation of hardwood and the refining of the resulting pyroligneous acid, heavy oils known as wood creosote oils are obtained. The flow sheet attached to and forming a part of this specification shows how these oils are obtained. When hardwood is distilled, three products are obtained directly: charcoal, raw pyroligneous acid, and heavy oils. These heavy oils may be used alone in carrying out my invention, or they may be mixed with the heavy oils whose preparation I shall now describe. The raw pyroligneous acid is allowed'to stand in settling tanks, and tar, known as settled tar, settles out. This tar is first stripped of water and acetic acid which it contains, and is then subjected to vacuum distillation, as is well known in the art. Heavy oils with a boiling range of approximately 150-310 C., at atmospheric pressure, distill 01f, and hardwood pitch is left in the retort. These heavy oils may be used alone in carrying out my invention, or they may be mixed with the heavy oils described above. In addition I may employ, either alone or mixed with either or both of the heavy oils described, the lighter oils obtained in the further purification of the crude methanol and crude acetic acid obtained as shown in the flow sheet. However, these lighter oils have properties which suit them for other purposes, and where economic conditions are such as to favor their use for these other purposes, I prefer not to employ them for carrying out my present invention.
As is well known, the oils described above are composed of a caustic-soluble portion and a socalled neutral portion which does not react with caustic. If the oils are treated with a. dilute solution of caustic, such as dilute sodium hydroxide solution, two distinct and separate layers are formed. The lower layer consists of a solution of the caustic-soluble portion in the aqueous caustic solution, while the upper layer is composed of the neutral oils which do not enter into reaction with the caustic solution. If a more concentrated solution of caustic is used, separation does not occur, but the emulsion formed is not a stable liquid emulsion, for uponstanding it solidifies into a. soft, solid mass.
I have discovered that a. stable, liquid aqueous emulsion of heavy wood oils can be formed if a, certain critical range of alkali concentration is shows this variation.
used. When sodium hydroxide is the alkali ememulsion, but becomes lumpy and will solidify into a soft mass on standing. V
Within this critical concentration range, the amount of sodium hydroxide to be used varies according to the ratio of the volume of wood oil to the volume of water used. The following table Grams of solid sodium hydron'de per 100 cc. total volume of liquids Percent wood oil by volume Percent water by volume swswe-s" OOOOOO messes Other alkalies may be used instead of sodium hydroxide, such as potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, or potassium carbonate, but I-prefer to use sodium hydroxide because it is more economical. The critical concentration ranges vary with the alkali used.
As an example of the method of carrying out my invention, I may dissolve 5.0 grams of flaked sodium hydroxide in 50 cc. of water, and stir into the solution 50 cc. of wood oil. After about minutes of stirring, a. stable, liquid emulsion results.
My novel wood oil emulsions are useful as weedkillers, for instance for keeping railroad tracks free from weeds, grass, etc.
While I have described certain wood oils which may be employed in carrying out my invention, it will be understood that there are other wood oils which I may use. In the claims, when I use the term wood oil", I mean any'oil derived from the distillation of hardwood and comprising a caustic-soluble portion and a caustic-insoluble portion. I
What I claim as my invention and desire to be secured by Letters Patent 01' the United States is:
1. A stable, liquid emulsion of woodoil with an aqueous solution of caustic soda, resulting from the addition of from 3 to 5 grams, approximately,
from the addition of approximately 4 grams of caustic soda per 100 cc. of wood oil and water, the wood oil constituting approximately 40% o! the total volume of wood oil and water.
4. A stable, liquid emulsion of wood oil with an" aqueous solution of caustic soda, resulting from. the addition of approximately 5 grams oi. caustic soda per 100 cc. of wood oil and water, the wood oil constituting approximately 50% or the total volume or wood oil and water.
LOUIS J. FIGG, JR.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US662486A US2017147A (en) | 1933-03-24 | 1933-03-24 | Emulsified wood oils |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US662486A US2017147A (en) | 1933-03-24 | 1933-03-24 | Emulsified wood oils |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2017147A true US2017147A (en) | 1935-10-15 |
Family
ID=24657916
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US662486A Expired - Lifetime US2017147A (en) | 1933-03-24 | 1933-03-24 | Emulsified wood oils |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2017147A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2537995A (en) * | 1945-07-02 | 1951-01-16 | Tennessee Products Corp | Herbicides |
-
1933
- 1933-03-24 US US662486A patent/US2017147A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2537995A (en) * | 1945-07-02 | 1951-01-16 | Tennessee Products Corp | Herbicides |
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