US20170234577A1 - Internally heated hose - Google Patents
Internally heated hose Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20170234577A1 US20170234577A1 US15/426,812 US201715426812A US2017234577A1 US 20170234577 A1 US20170234577 A1 US 20170234577A1 US 201715426812 A US201715426812 A US 201715426812A US 2017234577 A1 US2017234577 A1 US 2017234577A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- heating wire
- fitting
- temperature sensor
- flow channel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L53/00—Heating of pipes or pipe systems; Cooling of pipes or pipe systems
- F16L53/30—Heating of pipes or pipe systems
- F16L53/35—Ohmic-resistance heating
- F16L53/38—Ohmic-resistance heating using elongate electric heating elements, e.g. wires or ribbons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
- F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
- F24H9/2028—Continuous-flow heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/101—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
- F24H15/174—Supplying heated water with desired temperature or desired range of temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
- F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/395—Information to users, e.g. alarms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
- H05B3/58—Heating hoses; Heating collars
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H2250/00—Electrical heat generating means
- F24H2250/02—Resistances
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to heated fluid delivery systems and more particularly to temperature-controlled internally heated hoses.
- the present invention can be particularly suited to applications requiring delivery of a fluid through a hose exposed to ambient temperatures, which can adversely reduce a temperature of the fluid in the hose, rendering the fluid ineffective for the particular application.
- the application of spray foam insulation can involve pumping reactive fluids through one or more hoses exposed to varying ambient temperatures.
- the physical properties of the fluids can be changed during the application process, causing the application to fail or resulting in the application of an ineffective product.
- a device is needed to automatically apply heat to the fluid in the hose as needed to maintain an optimal outlet fluid temperature during application.
- a temperature control unit in one aspect, includes a fitting, a heating wire, a first temperature sensor, and a housing, which contains the first temperature sensor and portions of the fitting and the heating wire.
- the fitting includes a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, a flow channel extending from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet, and a passage extending through a wall of the fitting to the flow channel.
- the heating wire extends through the passage and into the flow channel.
- the first temperature sensor is secured to an external surface of the fitting opposite the flow channel and is electrically connected to the heating wire.
- an automatic temperature-controlled heated hose assembly in another aspect, includes a temperature control unit and a hose.
- the temperature control unit includes a fitting, a heating wire, and a first temperature sensor.
- the fitting includes a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, a first flow channel extending from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet, and a passage extending through a wall of the fitting to the flow channel.
- the heating wire extends through the passage and into the first flow channel.
- the first temperature sensor is secured to an external surface of the wall of the fitting opposite the first flow channel and is configured to respond to a first temperature of the external surface.
- the hose has a second flow channel in fluid communication with the fluid outlet. The heating wire extends into the second flow channel for at least a partial length of the hose.
- a method of controlling a fluid temperature in a hose includes connecting a temperature control unit to a hose, providing a fluid flow to the hose through a fitting of the temperature control unit, detecting a temperature of an external surface of a wall of the fitting opposite a fluid flow channel with a first temperature sensor having a control temperature set point, and supplying electrical power to a heating wire inserted into a fluid flow channel of the hose to supply heat to the fluid or interrupting the supply of electrical power to the heating wire. Electrical power is supplied to the heating wire when the temperature detected is below the temperature set point, and electrical power to the heating wire is interrupted when the temperature detected reaches the control temperature set point.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a temperature control unit (TCU).
- TCU temperature control unit
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the TCU of FIG. 1 connected to a hose.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the TCU of FIG. 1 with a portion of a TCU housing removed.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a TCU fitting.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of temperature control unit (TCU) 10 .
- TCU 10 can be used to automatically apply heat to a fluid flowing through a hose to maintain a desired outlet fluid temperature during operation.
- TCU 10 can be used for the application of a spray foam insulation, which can involve pumping reactive fluids through one or more hoses.
- the temperature of the reactive fluids must be kept within a specific range to maintain desired physical properties of the fluids for reaction. Low temperature environments can cause the physical properties of the fluids to be changed during the application process, causing the application to fail or resulting in the application of an ineffective product.
- TCU 10 can be used to automatically maintain the desired fluid temperature without operator input or control.
- TCU 10 can be adapted for installation with varying hose diameters and couplings, as well as varying fluids and desired outlet fluid temperatures. Although TCU 10 can be suited for use in spray foam applications, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that TCU 10 can be utilized for a wide variety of applications that require the application of heat to a flowing fluid. Furthermore, TCU 10 can be installed in applications in which heat may not be necessary. A benefit of TCU 10 is that the operator need not determine whether or not the application of heat will be required. Once TCU 10 is installed, heat can be automatically applied to the fluid as needed based on a detected temperature of the fluid. If the temperature of the fluid remains within the desired range, no heat will be provided.
- TCU 10 can have fitting 12 , couplings 14 and 16 , heating wire 22 , housing 24 , electrical power supply 25 , and indicator light 26 .
- Fitting 12 can provide a channel for fluid flow.
- Couplings 14 and 16 can be connected to opposite ends of fitting 12 (inlet 18 and outlet 20 ) to direct fluid from a fluid source (not shown) connected to coupling 14 , through fitting 12 , and into a hose (not shown) connected to coupling 16 .
- Electrical power can be supplied to TCU 10 with power cord 25 (e.g., 120 V grounded cord). Electrical power can be supplied to heating wire 22 , which can apply heat to the fluid during operation.
- Heating wire 22 can be a metal wire with insulating sheath, such as an ETFE insulation, or similar heat conducting element as known in the art (e.g., as used in a variety of heating applications, including floor heating, etc.). Heating wire 22 can include two conducting wires connected at an outlet end and a drain wire. In one embodiment, heating wire 22 can be a 0.12-in. (0.3-cm) diameter heating wire. However, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the diameter of heating wire 22 can be varied depending on the application and diameter of hose 28 . Heating wire 22 can extend a full length of a hose (e.g., 50 feet (15 meters)) to provide heat to the fluid through the length of the hose. In some embodiments requiring the connection of multiple hoses, additional TCUs 10 can be connected between hoses. A length and resistance of heating wire 22 can be adjusted to modify a total hose wattage.
- ETFE insulation such as used in a variety of heating applications, including floor heating, etc.
- Electrical power can be supplied on an intermittent, as-needed, basis to maintain a desired temperature of the fluid.
- the supply of electrical power can be controlled by one or more temperature sensors (not shown) configured to respond to the temperature of the fluid flowing through fitting 12 .
- Indicator light 26 can be used to indicate when electrical power is being supplied to heating wire 22 (e.g., indicator light 26 can turn on when electrical power to heating wire 22 is being supplied and turn off when electrical power to heating wire 22 has been interrupted). Indicator light 26 is not necessary for the operation of TCU 10 , but can provide a helpful signal to the operator as to whether or not heat is being applied to the fluid during operation.
- Housing 24 can contain portions of fitting 12 and heating wire 22 , as well as one or more temperature sensors (not shown). Housing 24 can be potted with an epoxy resin or other suitable material to provide watertight protection for all electrical connections, sensors, and circuitry, including electrical connections to heating wire 22 and indicator light 26 . One or more seals (not shown) can also be used to provide a watertight connection to fitting 12 .
- Housing 24 can be an insulating material. In some embodiments, housing 24 can be colored-coded according to application (e.g., based on a desired temperature set point or hose diameter). As will be discussed further, each TCU 10 can have a different temperature set point to accommodate applications with differing fluid temperature requirements. Color-coding can be used to assist operators in identifying the appropriate TCU 10 for each application.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of TCU 10 connected to hose 28 .
- coupling 16 can be connected to fitting outlet 20 at one end and hose 28 at an opposite end, providing flow channel 30 , extending through fitting 12 , coupling 16 , and hose 28 .
- Coupling 16 can be removably fastened to fitting 12 , for example, by a threaded connection, to allow coupling 16 to be interchanged with alternative couplings 16 to accommodate varying hose 28 connections.
- Coupling 16 can be connected to hose 28 via standard connections (e.g., standard NPT threaded fittings or quick-connect couplings).
- fitting 12 can be modified for direct connection to hose 28 .
- Both fitting 12 and coupling 16 can be made of a metal or other material capable of withstanding high fluid pressures (e.g., exceeding 14,000 psi (97 MPa)). As will be discussed further, it can be important that the material fitting 12 is made of have a relatively high thermal conductivity.
- Heating wire 22 can extend through a wall of fitting 12 via passage 32 into flow channel 30 .
- Heating wire 22 can exit TCU 10 through fitting outlet 20 and coupling 16 before entering hose 28 and can extend through a full length of hose 28 .
- Compression ferrule 34 and nut 36 can be used to hold heating wire 22 in position within TCU 10 and provide a tensile strength for heating wire 22 located in flow channel 30 .
- One or more seals 38 and 39 can be used to prevent fluid from entering housing 24 through passage 32 .
- Seals 38 and 39 can be O-rings, which fit around heating wire 22 .
- Seal 38 can be disposed between compression ferrule 34 and nut 36 ; seal 39 can be disposed at a junction between compression ferrule 34 and fitting 12 adjacent an exit of passage 32 .
- Seals 38 and 39 can be effective when fluid pressure in flow channel 30 exceeds 14,000 psi (97 MPa).
- Seal 40 located at a connection point between housing 24 and fitting 12 , can help prevent water or other fluids in contact with an external surface of TCU 10 from entering housing 24 .
- Ground lug 42 on fitting 12 for power cord 25 and a drain wire can provide safety against electrical shock to operators in the event that seal 40 or other electrical protections fail, resulting in stray voltage.
- a ground fault circuit interrupter can also be included for operator safety.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of TCU 10 with a portion of housing 24 removed.
- temperature sensor 44 can be secured directly to an external surface of fitting 12 opposite flow channel 30 ( FIG. 2 ).
- Temperature sensor 44 can be a bimetallic-type mechanical thermal sensor with a mechanical relay switch, which can respond to temperature changes of fitting 12 caused by a temperature change of the fluid flowing through flow channel 30 .
- Fitting 12 can be made of a material with high thermal conductivity (e.g., aluminum) in order for temperature sensor 44 to more quickly and effectively detect and respond to changes in the fluid temperature. Locating temperature sensor 44 on an external surface of fitting 12 can reduce the complexity of the TCU circuitry and design as compared to a heated hose assembly having a temperature sensor placed within the fluid flow channel.
- Temperature sensor 44 can be a fixed thermostat having a control temperature set point, below which temperature sensor 44 can close a circuit. In alternative embodiments, temperature sensor 44 can be an adjustable thermostat or a programmable electronic thermostat. In general, the control temperature set point can be within a range of optimal outlet fluid temperatures at hose outlet 45 . However, as will be discussed further, the outlet fluid temperature at hose outlet 45 may deviate from the control temperature set point.
- RTD resistance temperature detector
- Heating wire 22 and temperature sensor 44 can be electrically connected in series, such that electrical power can be supplied to heating wire 22 via temperature sensor 44 .
- the electrical circuit remains open thereby interrupting the supply of electrical power to heating wire 22 .
- the circuit closes to allow electrical power to be supplied to heating wire 22 .
- the temperature of the fluid in a portion of flow channel 30 adjacent to temperature sensor 44 will be lower than an outlet temperature of the fluid at hose outlet 45 ( FIG. 2 ) because the fluid that reaches hose outlet 45 will have been heated by heating wire 22 for a full or at least partial length of hose 28 .
- heat can be added to fitting 12 to cause temperature sensor 44 to open, and thereby interrupt the supply of electrical power to heating wire 22 , before the temperature of the fluid in flow channel 30 adjacent temperature sensor 44 reaches the temperature set point of temperature sensor 44 .
- Heating wire 22 can be wrapped around a portion of the external surface of fitting 12 contained in housing 24 to heat fitting 12 as shown in FIG. 3 .
- the amount of heat applied to fitting 12 can be increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing, respectively, the number of times heating wire 12 is wrapped around fitting 12 .
- TCUs 10 By varying the number of times heating wire 22 is wrapped around fitting 12 , TCUs 10 (utilizing the same temperature sensor 44 and heating wire 22 ) can be adapted for use with hoses of varying inner diameters and for fluids with differing optimal outlet temperatures. For instance, the number of wraps can be increased for small diameter hoses to reduce the amount of heat supplied to a smaller volume of fluid or to a fluid requiring a lower temperature set point than the temperature set point of temperature sensor 44 . The number of wraps can be decreased for larger diameter hoses to increase the amount of heat supplied to a larger volume of fluid or for fluids having a desired temperature set point close to or above the temperature set point of temperature sensor 44 .
- a 50-ft (15-m) hose having a 3 ⁇ 8-in. (0.95-cm) internal diameter may require a TCU 10 having eight wraps of heating wire 22 to provide the desired outlet fluid temperature at hose outlet 45
- 50-ft (15-m) hose having a 1 ⁇ 2-in. (1.2-cm) internal diameter may require a TCU 10 having four wraps to provide the same desired outlet fluid temperature.
- the number of wraps can be dependent on a wide variety of variables, including but not limited to, the thermal conductivity of fitting 12 , temperature set point, desired outlet fluid temperature, fluid flow rate, and heat transfer properties of heating wire 22 and hose 28 .
- a safety override temperature sensor 46 can be secured directly to fitting 12 in addition to temperature sensor 44 . Override temperature sensor 46 can be used to automatically interrupt the supply of electrical power to heating wire 22 in the event that temperature sensor 44 fails. Override temperature sensor 46 can be a bimetallic-type mechanical thermal sensor similar to temperature sensor 44 . Alternatively, override temperature sensor 46 can be an adjustable or programmable electronic thermostat. Override temperature sensor can have a maximum temperature set point that is higher than the control temperature set point and can be configured to open the electrical circuit, interrupting the supply of electrical power to heating wire 22 , when override temperature sensor 46 detects a temperature of fitting 12 at or above the maximum temperature set point.
- control temperature set point and maximum temperature set point can vary widely depending on application.
- control temperature set point can be 80 degrees Fahrenheit (26 degrees Celsius) and the maximum temperature set point can be 140 degrees Fahrenheit (60 degrees Celsius) with a target fluid temperature at hose outlet 45 between 75 and 95 degrees Fahrenheit (24-35 degrees Celsius).
- FIG. 3 shows electrical leads 47 for indicator light 26 and temperature sensors 44 and 46 , however, electrical connections, including between power cord 25 , indicator light 26 , heating wire 22 , and temperature sensors 44 and 46 , have been removed for simplicity.
- temperature sensors 44 and 46 and heating wire 22 can simply be connected in series to ensure override temperature sensor 46 breaks the circuit in the event that temperature sensor 44 fails to.
- more complex circuitry including additional electrical components can be utilized within the scope of the present invention to supply electrical power to heating wire 22 based on the detected temperature of fitting 12 .
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of fitting 12 .
- the outer surface of fitting 12 can have one or more surfaces 48 adapted for locating temperature sensors 44 and 46 .
- a portion of the fitting 12 wall at surface 48 can be reduced in thickness to improve thermal conduction across fitting 12 to temperature sensors 44 and 46 .
- the thickness of the fitting 12 wall at surface 48 can be reduced by removing an outer curvature of fitting 12 to create a flat area.
- surfaces 48 can be made to conform to an external geometry of temperature sensors 44 and 46 to increase contact area with temperature sensors 44 and 46 .
- thermal conductivity will improve with reduced wall thickness, but that the wall thickness should not be reduced in a manner that would compromise the structural integrity of fitting 12 during operation.
- two surfaces 48 can be located on opposite sides of fitting 12 to locate sensors 44 and 46 , respectively. Temperature sensors 44 and 46 can be secured to surfaces 48 in any manner known in the art that will not disrupt operation. In one embodiment, temperature sensors 44 and 46 can be secured to surfaces 48 and fitting 12 by a simple cable tie or tie-wrap.
- the external surface of fitting 12 can include spiral groove 50 in which heating wire 22 can be wrapped.
- Spiral groove 50 can be lengthened or shortened per application based on a predetermined number of heating wire 22 wraps.
- heating wire 22 can be wrapped in only a portion of spiral groove 50 .
- a geometry of spiral groove 50 can generally conform to the external geometry of heating wire 22 to increase contact area between fitting 12 and heating wire 22 , thereby improving thermal conduction, and to help locate heating wire 22 wraps on fitting 12 .
- Heating wire 22 can extend from spiral groove 50 through passage 32 and into flow channel 30 .
- TCU 10 can eliminate a need for operators to monitor and control the temperature of fluid flowing through a hose during application.
- heat can be transferred between fluid in flow channel 30 and temperature sensor 44 , allowing temperature sensor 44 to detect and respond to changes in the temperature of the fluid within flow channel 30 .
- Temperature sensor 44 can open and close based on the detected temperature, thereby automatically supplying and interrupting electrical power supply, respectively, to heating wire 22 , which can supply heat to the fluid through the length of the hose.
- the design of TCU 10 without modification of temperature sensor 44 or heating wire 22 , can be easily adapted for use with fluids having different optimal temperature ranges or hoses of varying internal diameter by wrapping heating wire 22 around fitting 12 to influence the response of temperature sensor 44 .
- a temperature control unit includes a fitting, a heating wire, a first temperature sensor, and a housing, which contains the first temperature sensor and portions of the fitting and the heating wire.
- the fitting includes a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, a flow channel extending from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet, and a passage extending through a wall of the fitting to the flow channel.
- the heating wire extends through the passage and into the flow channel.
- the first temperature sensor is secured to an external surface of the fitting opposite the flow channel and is electrically connected to the heating wire.
- the temperature control unit of the preceding paragraph can optionally include, additionally and/or alternatively, any one or more of the following features, configurations and/or additional components:
- the first temperature sensor can have a control temperature set point, and wherein the first temperature sensor can close an electrical circuit with the heating wire to allow electrical power to be supplied to the heating wire when a temperature detected by the first temperature sensor is below the control temperature set point, and the first temperature sensor can open the electrical circuit with the heating wire thereby interrupting the supply of electrical power to the heating wire when a temperature detected by the first temperature sensor reaches the control temperature set point
- a further embodiment of any of the foregoing temperature control units can include a second temperature sensor, wherein the second temperature sensor can be secured to the external surface of the fitting opposite the flow channel and can be electrically connected to the heating wire.
- the second temperature sensor can be an override temperature sensor having a maximum temperature set point, wherein the supply of electrical power to the heating wire can be interrupted when a temperature detected by the second temperature sensor reaches the maximum temperature set point.
- thermosensors can be bimetallic-type mechanical thermal sensors.
- thermoelectric heating wire can be wrapped around an external surface of a portion of the fitting contained within the housing.
- thermocontrol units wherein the external surface of the fitting can comprise a spiral groove in which the heating wire can be wrapped.
- heating wire can extend from the spiral groove through the passage and into the flow channel.
- a further embodiment of any of the foregoing temperature control units can further include a coupling attached to the fluid outlet and can be configured to connect to a hose.
- heating wire can be wrapped around the external surface of the fitting multiple times, and wherein a number of times the heating wire is wrapped around the external surface of the fitting is greater when the coupling is configured to connect to a hose having a smaller internal diameter than when the coupling is configured to connect to a hose having a larger internal diameter.
- a further embodiment of any of the foregoing temperature control units can include a fastener configured to hold the heating wire in the passage and a seal configured to block fluid flow through the passage.
- thermocontrol unit can exit the temperature control unit through the fitting fluid outlet.
- a further embodiment of any of the foregoing temperature control units can include an electrical power source configured to supply electrical power to the heating wire, wherein electrical connections to the heating wire and the first temperature sensor can be contained within the housing.
- a further embodiment of any of the foregoing temperature control units can include an indicator light, wherein the indicator light can be located on the housing and can be configured to indicate when electrical power is being supplied to the heating wire.
- An automatic temperature-controlled heated hose assembly includes a temperature control unit and a hose.
- the temperature control unit includes a fitting, a heating wire, and a first temperature sensor.
- the fitting includes a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, a first flow channel extending from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet, and a passage extending through a wall of the fitting to the flow channel.
- the heating wire extends through the passage and into the first flow channel.
- the first temperature sensor is secured to an external surface of the wall of the fitting opposite the first flow channel and is configured to respond to a first temperature of the external surface.
- the hose has a second flow channel in fluid communication with the fluid outlet. The heating wire extends into the second flow channel for at least a partial length of the hose.
- the automatic temperature-controlled heated hose assembly of the preceding paragraph can optionally include, additionally and/or alternatively, any one or more of the following features, configurations and/or additional components:
- a further embodiment of the foregoing automatic temperature-controlled heated hose assembly wherein the heating wire can be wrapped around an external surface of the fitting and can be configured to supply heat to the fitting.
- a method of controlling a fluid temperature in a hose includes connecting a temperature control unit to a hose, providing a fluid flow to the hose through a fitting of the temperature control unit, detecting a temperature of an external surface of a wall of the fitting opposite a fluid flow channel with a first temperature sensor having a control temperature set point, and supplying electrical power to a heating wire inserted into a fluid flow channel of the hose to supply heat to the fluid or interrupting the supply of electrical power to the heating wire. Electrical power is supplied to the heating wire when the temperature detected is below the temperature set point, and electrical power to the heating wire is interrupted when the temperature detected reaches the temperature set point.
- the method of the preceding paragraph can optionally include, additionally and/or alternatively, any one or more of the following features, configurations and/or additional components:
- a further embodiment of the foregoing method can further include providing heat to the external surface of the fitting.
- the heat can be provided by a portion of the heating wire wrapped around the external surface of the fitting.
- a further embodiment of any of the foregoing methods can further include detecting a temperature of the external surface of a wall of the fitting opposite a fluid flow channel with a second temperature sensor having a maximum temperature set point, and interrupting the supply of electrical power to the heating wire when the temperature detected reaches the maximum temperature set point.
- a further embodiment of any of the foregoing methods wherein the steps of detecting the temperature, supplying electrical power to the heating wire when the temperature detected is below the control temperature set point, and interrupting the supply of electrical power when the temperature detected reaches the control temperature set point, can occur automatically when power is supplied to the temperature control unit.
- any relative terms or terms of degree used herein such as “substantially”, “essentially”, “generally”, “approximately” and the like, should be interpreted in accordance with and subject to any applicable definitions or limits expressly stated herein. In all instances, any relative terms or terms of degree used herein should be interpreted to broadly encompass any relevant disclosed embodiments as well as such ranges or variations as would be understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art in view of the entirety of the present disclosure, such as to encompass ordinary manufacturing tolerance variations, incidental alignment variations, alignment or shape variations induced by thermal, rotational or vibrational operational conditions, and the like.
Abstract
A temperature control unit includes a fitting, a heating wire, a first temperature sensor, and a housing, which contains the first temperature sensor and portions of the fitting and the heating wire. The fitting includes a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, a flow channel extending from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet, and a passage extending through a wall of the fitting to the flow channel. The heating wire extends through the passage and into the flow channel. The first temperature sensor is secured to an external surface of the fitting opposite the flow channel and is electrically connected to the heating wire.
Description
- This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/294,404 filed Feb. 12, 2016, for “Internally Heated Hose” by Joseph E. Tix, Martin P. McCormick, and Mark J. Brudevold.
- The present invention relates generally to heated fluid delivery systems and more particularly to temperature-controlled internally heated hoses.
- The present invention can be particularly suited to applications requiring delivery of a fluid through a hose exposed to ambient temperatures, which can adversely reduce a temperature of the fluid in the hose, rendering the fluid ineffective for the particular application. For instance, the application of spray foam insulation can involve pumping reactive fluids through one or more hoses exposed to varying ambient temperatures. In some low temperature environments, the physical properties of the fluids can be changed during the application process, causing the application to fail or resulting in the application of an ineffective product. A device is needed to automatically apply heat to the fluid in the hose as needed to maintain an optimal outlet fluid temperature during application.
- In one aspect, a temperature control unit includes a fitting, a heating wire, a first temperature sensor, and a housing, which contains the first temperature sensor and portions of the fitting and the heating wire. The fitting includes a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, a flow channel extending from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet, and a passage extending through a wall of the fitting to the flow channel. The heating wire extends through the passage and into the flow channel. The first temperature sensor is secured to an external surface of the fitting opposite the flow channel and is electrically connected to the heating wire.
- In another aspect, an automatic temperature-controlled heated hose assembly includes a temperature control unit and a hose. The temperature control unit includes a fitting, a heating wire, and a first temperature sensor. The fitting includes a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, a first flow channel extending from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet, and a passage extending through a wall of the fitting to the flow channel. The heating wire extends through the passage and into the first flow channel. The first temperature sensor is secured to an external surface of the wall of the fitting opposite the first flow channel and is configured to respond to a first temperature of the external surface. The hose has a second flow channel in fluid communication with the fluid outlet. The heating wire extends into the second flow channel for at least a partial length of the hose.
- In yet another aspect, a method of controlling a fluid temperature in a hose includes connecting a temperature control unit to a hose, providing a fluid flow to the hose through a fitting of the temperature control unit, detecting a temperature of an external surface of a wall of the fitting opposite a fluid flow channel with a first temperature sensor having a control temperature set point, and supplying electrical power to a heating wire inserted into a fluid flow channel of the hose to supply heat to the fluid or interrupting the supply of electrical power to the heating wire. Electrical power is supplied to the heating wire when the temperature detected is below the temperature set point, and electrical power to the heating wire is interrupted when the temperature detected reaches the control temperature set point.
- The present summary is provided only by way of example, and not limitation. Other aspects of the present disclosure will be appreciated in view of the entirety of the present disclosure, including the entire text, claims and accompanying figures.
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a temperature control unit (TCU). -
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the TCU ofFIG. 1 connected to a hose. -
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the TCU ofFIG. 1 with a portion of a TCU housing removed. -
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a TCU fitting. - While the above-identified figures set forth embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments are also contemplated, as noted in the discussion. In all cases, this disclosure presents the invention by way of representation and not limitation. It should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope and spirit of the principles of the invention. The figures may not be drawn to scale, and applications and embodiments of the present invention may include features, steps and/or components not specifically shown in the drawings.
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of temperature control unit (TCU) 10. TCU 10 can be used to automatically apply heat to a fluid flowing through a hose to maintain a desired outlet fluid temperature during operation. TCU 10 can be used for the application of a spray foam insulation, which can involve pumping reactive fluids through one or more hoses. In general, the temperature of the reactive fluids must be kept within a specific range to maintain desired physical properties of the fluids for reaction. Low temperature environments can cause the physical properties of the fluids to be changed during the application process, causing the application to fail or resulting in the application of an ineffective product. TCU 10 can be used to automatically maintain the desired fluid temperature without operator input or control. TCU 10 can be adapted for installation with varying hose diameters and couplings, as well as varying fluids and desired outlet fluid temperatures. Although TCU 10 can be suited for use in spray foam applications, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art thatTCU 10 can be utilized for a wide variety of applications that require the application of heat to a flowing fluid. Furthermore, TCU 10 can be installed in applications in which heat may not be necessary. A benefit ofTCU 10 is that the operator need not determine whether or not the application of heat will be required. Once TCU 10 is installed, heat can be automatically applied to the fluid as needed based on a detected temperature of the fluid. If the temperature of the fluid remains within the desired range, no heat will be provided. - As shown in
FIG. 1 , TCU 10 can have fitting 12,couplings heating wire 22,housing 24,electrical power supply 25, andindicator light 26. Fitting 12 can provide a channel for fluid flow.Couplings inlet 18 and outlet 20) to direct fluid from a fluid source (not shown) connected tocoupling 14, through fitting 12, and into a hose (not shown) connected tocoupling 16. Electrical power can be supplied to TCU 10 with power cord 25 (e.g., 120V grounded cord). Electrical power can be supplied toheating wire 22, which can apply heat to the fluid during operation.Heating wire 22 can be a metal wire with insulating sheath, such as an ETFE insulation, or similar heat conducting element as known in the art (e.g., as used in a variety of heating applications, including floor heating, etc.).Heating wire 22 can include two conducting wires connected at an outlet end and a drain wire. In one embodiment,heating wire 22 can be a 0.12-in. (0.3-cm) diameter heating wire. However, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the diameter ofheating wire 22 can be varied depending on the application and diameter ofhose 28.Heating wire 22 can extend a full length of a hose (e.g., 50 feet (15 meters)) to provide heat to the fluid through the length of the hose. In some embodiments requiring the connection of multiple hoses,additional TCUs 10 can be connected between hoses. A length and resistance ofheating wire 22 can be adjusted to modify a total hose wattage. - Electrical power can be supplied on an intermittent, as-needed, basis to maintain a desired temperature of the fluid. The supply of electrical power can be controlled by one or more temperature sensors (not shown) configured to respond to the temperature of the fluid flowing through fitting 12.
Indicator light 26 can be used to indicate when electrical power is being supplied to heating wire 22 (e.g.,indicator light 26 can turn on when electrical power to heatingwire 22 is being supplied and turn off when electrical power to heatingwire 22 has been interrupted).Indicator light 26 is not necessary for the operation ofTCU 10, but can provide a helpful signal to the operator as to whether or not heat is being applied to the fluid during operation. -
Housing 24 can contain portions of fitting 12 andheating wire 22, as well as one or more temperature sensors (not shown).Housing 24 can be potted with an epoxy resin or other suitable material to provide watertight protection for all electrical connections, sensors, and circuitry, including electrical connections to heatingwire 22 andindicator light 26. One or more seals (not shown) can also be used to provide a watertight connection to fitting 12.Housing 24 can be an insulating material. In some embodiments,housing 24 can be colored-coded according to application (e.g., based on a desired temperature set point or hose diameter). As will be discussed further, eachTCU 10 can have a different temperature set point to accommodate applications with differing fluid temperature requirements. Color-coding can be used to assist operators in identifying theappropriate TCU 10 for each application. -
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view ofTCU 10 connected tohose 28. As shown inFIG. 2 , coupling 16 can be connected tofitting outlet 20 at one end andhose 28 at an opposite end, providingflow channel 30, extending through fitting 12,coupling 16, andhose 28.Coupling 16 can be removably fastened to fitting 12, for example, by a threaded connection, to allowcoupling 16 to be interchanged withalternative couplings 16 to accommodate varyinghose 28 connections.Coupling 16 can be connected tohose 28 via standard connections (e.g., standard NPT threaded fittings or quick-connect couplings). In alternative embodiments, fitting 12 can be modified for direct connection tohose 28. Both fitting 12 andcoupling 16 can be made of a metal or other material capable of withstanding high fluid pressures (e.g., exceeding 14,000 psi (97 MPa)). As will be discussed further, it can be important that the material fitting 12 is made of have a relatively high thermal conductivity. -
Heating wire 22 can extend through a wall of fitting 12 viapassage 32 intoflow channel 30.Heating wire 22 can exitTCU 10 throughfitting outlet 20 andcoupling 16 before enteringhose 28 and can extend through a full length ofhose 28.Compression ferrule 34 andnut 36 can be used to holdheating wire 22 in position withinTCU 10 and provide a tensile strength forheating wire 22 located inflow channel 30. One ormore seals housing 24 throughpassage 32.Seals heating wire 22.Seal 38 can be disposed betweencompression ferrule 34 andnut 36;seal 39 can be disposed at a junction betweencompression ferrule 34 and fitting 12 adjacent an exit ofpassage 32.Seals flow channel 30 exceeds 14,000 psi (97 MPa). -
Seal 40, located at a connection point betweenhousing 24 and fitting 12, can help prevent water or other fluids in contact with an external surface ofTCU 10 from enteringhousing 24.Ground lug 42 on fitting 12 forpower cord 25 and a drain wire can provide safety against electrical shock to operators in the event that seal 40 or other electrical protections fail, resulting in stray voltage. A ground fault circuit interrupter can also be included for operator safety. -
FIG. 3 is a perspective view ofTCU 10 with a portion ofhousing 24 removed. As shown inFIG. 3 ,temperature sensor 44 can be secured directly to an external surface of fitting 12 opposite flow channel 30 (FIG. 2 ).Temperature sensor 44 can be a bimetallic-type mechanical thermal sensor with a mechanical relay switch, which can respond to temperature changes of fitting 12 caused by a temperature change of the fluid flowing throughflow channel 30. Fitting 12 can be made of a material with high thermal conductivity (e.g., aluminum) in order fortemperature sensor 44 to more quickly and effectively detect and respond to changes in the fluid temperature. Locatingtemperature sensor 44 on an external surface of fitting 12 can reduce the complexity of the TCU circuitry and design as compared to a heated hose assembly having a temperature sensor placed within the fluid flow channel. Use of a direct sensing bimetallic switch can eliminate the need for a separate thermocouple or resistance temperature detector (RTD) mounted in the fluid or in close proximity to the fluid nearhose outlet 45, which would require additional fittings and additional circuitry to read the sensor and to communicate with a controller to turn electrical power toheating wire 22 on or off.Temperature sensor 44 can be a fixed thermostat having a control temperature set point, below whichtemperature sensor 44 can close a circuit. In alternative embodiments,temperature sensor 44 can be an adjustable thermostat or a programmable electronic thermostat. In general, the control temperature set point can be within a range of optimal outlet fluid temperatures athose outlet 45. However, as will be discussed further, the outlet fluid temperature athose outlet 45 may deviate from the control temperature set point.Heating wire 22 andtemperature sensor 44 can be electrically connected in series, such that electrical power can be supplied toheating wire 22 viatemperature sensor 44. Whentemperature sensor 44 detects a temperature of fitting 12 at or above the control temperature set point, the electrical circuit remains open thereby interrupting the supply of electrical power toheating wire 22. Whentemperature sensor 44 detects a temperature of fitting 12 below the control temperature set point, the circuit closes to allow electrical power to be supplied toheating wire 22. - In general, when electrical power is supplied to
heating wire 22, the temperature of the fluid in a portion offlow channel 30 adjacent totemperature sensor 44 will be lower than an outlet temperature of the fluid at hose outlet 45 (FIG. 2 ) because the fluid that reacheshose outlet 45 will have been heated byheating wire 22 for a full or at least partial length ofhose 28. In order to prevent overheating of fluid athose outlet 45, heat can be added to fitting 12 to causetemperature sensor 44 to open, and thereby interrupt the supply of electrical power toheating wire 22, before the temperature of the fluid inflow channel 30adjacent temperature sensor 44 reaches the temperature set point oftemperature sensor 44.Heating wire 22 can be wrapped around a portion of the external surface of fitting 12 contained inhousing 24 to heat fitting 12 as shown inFIG. 3 . The amount of heat applied to fitting 12 can be increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing, respectively, the number oftimes heating wire 12 is wrapped around fitting 12. - By varying the number of
times heating wire 22 is wrapped around fitting 12, TCUs 10 (utilizing thesame temperature sensor 44 and heating wire 22) can be adapted for use with hoses of varying inner diameters and for fluids with differing optimal outlet temperatures. For instance, the number of wraps can be increased for small diameter hoses to reduce the amount of heat supplied to a smaller volume of fluid or to a fluid requiring a lower temperature set point than the temperature set point oftemperature sensor 44. The number of wraps can be decreased for larger diameter hoses to increase the amount of heat supplied to a larger volume of fluid or for fluids having a desired temperature set point close to or above the temperature set point oftemperature sensor 44. For example, a 50-ft (15-m) hose having a ⅜-in. (0.95-cm) internal diameter may require aTCU 10 having eight wraps ofheating wire 22 to provide the desired outlet fluid temperature athose outlet 45, whereas 50-ft (15-m) hose having a ½-in. (1.2-cm) internal diameter may require aTCU 10 having four wraps to provide the same desired outlet fluid temperature. The foregoing is provided merely as an example. It will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, that the number of wraps can be dependent on a wide variety of variables, including but not limited to, the thermal conductivity of fitting 12, temperature set point, desired outlet fluid temperature, fluid flow rate, and heat transfer properties ofheating wire 22 andhose 28. - In some embodiments, a safety
override temperature sensor 46 can be secured directly to fitting 12 in addition totemperature sensor 44.Override temperature sensor 46 can be used to automatically interrupt the supply of electrical power toheating wire 22 in the event thattemperature sensor 44 fails.Override temperature sensor 46 can be a bimetallic-type mechanical thermal sensor similar totemperature sensor 44. Alternatively,override temperature sensor 46 can be an adjustable or programmable electronic thermostat. Override temperature sensor can have a maximum temperature set point that is higher than the control temperature set point and can be configured to open the electrical circuit, interrupting the supply of electrical power toheating wire 22, whenoverride temperature sensor 46 detects a temperature of fitting 12 at or above the maximum temperature set point. It will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the control temperature set point and maximum temperature set point can vary widely depending on application. In some embodiments designed specifically for spray foam insulation, the control temperature set point can be 80 degrees Fahrenheit (26 degrees Celsius) and the maximum temperature set point can be 140 degrees Fahrenheit (60 degrees Celsius) with a target fluid temperature athose outlet 45 between 75 and 95 degrees Fahrenheit (24-35 degrees Celsius). -
FIG. 3 showselectrical leads 47 forindicator light 26 andtemperature sensors power cord 25,indicator light 26,heating wire 22, andtemperature sensors FIG. 3 ,temperature sensors heating wire 22 can simply be connected in series to ensureoverride temperature sensor 46 breaks the circuit in the event thattemperature sensor 44 fails to. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that more complex circuitry, including additional electrical components can be utilized within the scope of the present invention to supply electrical power toheating wire 22 based on the detected temperature of fitting 12. -
FIG. 4 is a perspective view offitting 12. As shown inFIG. 4 , the outer surface of fitting 12 can have one ormore surfaces 48 adapted for locatingtemperature sensors surface 48 can be reduced in thickness to improve thermal conduction across fitting 12 totemperature sensors surface 48 can be reduced by removing an outer curvature of fitting 12 to create a flat area. In alternative embodiments, surfaces 48 can be made to conform to an external geometry oftemperature sensors temperature sensors surfaces 48 can be located on opposite sides of fitting 12 to locatesensors Temperature sensors surfaces 48 in any manner known in the art that will not disrupt operation. In one embodiment,temperature sensors surfaces 48 and fitting 12 by a simple cable tie or tie-wrap. - In one embodiment, the external surface of fitting 12 can include
spiral groove 50 in whichheating wire 22 can be wrapped.Spiral groove 50 can be lengthened or shortened per application based on a predetermined number ofheating wire 22 wraps. In alternative embodiments,heating wire 22 can be wrapped in only a portion ofspiral groove 50. A geometry ofspiral groove 50 can generally conform to the external geometry ofheating wire 22 to increase contact area between fitting 12 andheating wire 22, thereby improving thermal conduction, and to help locateheating wire 22 wraps on fitting 12.Heating wire 22 can extend fromspiral groove 50 throughpassage 32 and intoflow channel 30. -
TCU 10 can eliminate a need for operators to monitor and control the temperature of fluid flowing through a hose during application. By utilizing thermally conducting fitting 12, heat can be transferred between fluid inflow channel 30 andtemperature sensor 44, allowingtemperature sensor 44 to detect and respond to changes in the temperature of the fluid withinflow channel 30.Temperature sensor 44 can open and close based on the detected temperature, thereby automatically supplying and interrupting electrical power supply, respectively, toheating wire 22, which can supply heat to the fluid through the length of the hose. The design ofTCU 10, without modification oftemperature sensor 44 orheating wire 22, can be easily adapted for use with fluids having different optimal temperature ranges or hoses of varying internal diameter by wrappingheating wire 22 around fitting 12 to influence the response oftemperature sensor 44. - Discussion of Possible Embodiments
- The following are non-exclusive descriptions of possible embodiments of the present invention.
- A temperature control unit includes a fitting, a heating wire, a first temperature sensor, and a housing, which contains the first temperature sensor and portions of the fitting and the heating wire. The fitting includes a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, a flow channel extending from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet, and a passage extending through a wall of the fitting to the flow channel. The heating wire extends through the passage and into the flow channel. The first temperature sensor is secured to an external surface of the fitting opposite the flow channel and is electrically connected to the heating wire.
- The temperature control unit of the preceding paragraph can optionally include, additionally and/or alternatively, any one or more of the following features, configurations and/or additional components:
- A further embodiment of the foregoing temperature control unit, wherein the first temperature sensor can have a control temperature set point, and wherein the first temperature sensor can close an electrical circuit with the heating wire to allow electrical power to be supplied to the heating wire when a temperature detected by the first temperature sensor is below the control temperature set point, and the first temperature sensor can open the electrical circuit with the heating wire thereby interrupting the supply of electrical power to the heating wire when a temperature detected by the first temperature sensor reaches the control temperature set point
- A further embodiment of any of the foregoing temperature control units can include a second temperature sensor, wherein the second temperature sensor can be secured to the external surface of the fitting opposite the flow channel and can be electrically connected to the heating wire. The second temperature sensor can be an override temperature sensor having a maximum temperature set point, wherein the supply of electrical power to the heating wire can be interrupted when a temperature detected by the second temperature sensor reaches the maximum temperature set point.
- A further embodiment of any of the foregoing temperature control units, wherein the first and second temperature sensors can be bimetallic-type mechanical thermal sensors.
- A further embodiment of any of the foregoing temperature control units, wherein a portion of the wall of the fitting to which the first temperature sensor is attached can have a reduced thickness.
- A further embodiment of any of the foregoing temperature control units, wherein the heating wire can be wrapped around an external surface of a portion of the fitting contained within the housing.
- A further embodiment of any of the foregoing temperature control units, wherein the external surface of the fitting can comprise a spiral groove in which the heating wire can be wrapped.
- A further embodiment of any of the foregoing temperature control units, wherein the heating wire can extend from the spiral groove through the passage and into the flow channel.
- A further embodiment of any of the foregoing temperature control units can further include a coupling attached to the fluid outlet and can be configured to connect to a hose.
- A further embodiment of any of the foregoing temperature control units, wherein the heating wire can be wrapped around the external surface of the fitting multiple times, and wherein a number of times the heating wire is wrapped around the external surface of the fitting is greater when the coupling is configured to connect to a hose having a smaller internal diameter than when the coupling is configured to connect to a hose having a larger internal diameter.
- A further embodiment of any of the foregoing temperature control units can include a fastener configured to hold the heating wire in the passage and a seal configured to block fluid flow through the passage.
- A further embodiment of any of the foregoing temperature control units, wherein the heating wire can exit the temperature control unit through the fitting fluid outlet.
- A further embodiment of any of the foregoing temperature control units can include an electrical power source configured to supply electrical power to the heating wire, wherein electrical connections to the heating wire and the first temperature sensor can be contained within the housing.
- A further embodiment of any of the foregoing temperature control units can include an indicator light, wherein the indicator light can be located on the housing and can be configured to indicate when electrical power is being supplied to the heating wire.
- An automatic temperature-controlled heated hose assembly includes a temperature control unit and a hose. The temperature control unit includes a fitting, a heating wire, and a first temperature sensor. The fitting includes a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, a first flow channel extending from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet, and a passage extending through a wall of the fitting to the flow channel. The heating wire extends through the passage and into the first flow channel. The first temperature sensor is secured to an external surface of the wall of the fitting opposite the first flow channel and is configured to respond to a first temperature of the external surface. The hose has a second flow channel in fluid communication with the fluid outlet. The heating wire extends into the second flow channel for at least a partial length of the hose.
- The automatic temperature-controlled heated hose assembly of the preceding paragraph can optionally include, additionally and/or alternatively, any one or more of the following features, configurations and/or additional components:
- A further embodiment of the foregoing automatic temperature-controlled heated hose assembly, wherein the heating wire can be wrapped around an external surface of the fitting and can be configured to supply heat to the fitting.
- A method of controlling a fluid temperature in a hose includes connecting a temperature control unit to a hose, providing a fluid flow to the hose through a fitting of the temperature control unit, detecting a temperature of an external surface of a wall of the fitting opposite a fluid flow channel with a first temperature sensor having a control temperature set point, and supplying electrical power to a heating wire inserted into a fluid flow channel of the hose to supply heat to the fluid or interrupting the supply of electrical power to the heating wire. Electrical power is supplied to the heating wire when the temperature detected is below the temperature set point, and electrical power to the heating wire is interrupted when the temperature detected reaches the temperature set point.
- The method of the preceding paragraph can optionally include, additionally and/or alternatively, any one or more of the following features, configurations and/or additional components:
- A further embodiment of the foregoing method can further include providing heat to the external surface of the fitting. The heat can be provided by a portion of the heating wire wrapped around the external surface of the fitting.
- A further embodiment of any of the foregoing methods can further include detecting a temperature of the external surface of a wall of the fitting opposite a fluid flow channel with a second temperature sensor having a maximum temperature set point, and interrupting the supply of electrical power to the heating wire when the temperature detected reaches the maximum temperature set point.
- A further embodiment of any of the foregoing methods, wherein the steps of detecting the temperature, supplying electrical power to the heating wire when the temperature detected is below the control temperature set point, and interrupting the supply of electrical power when the temperature detected reaches the control temperature set point, can occur automatically when power is supplied to the temperature control unit.
- Summation
- Any relative terms or terms of degree used herein, such as “substantially”, “essentially”, “generally”, “approximately” and the like, should be interpreted in accordance with and subject to any applicable definitions or limits expressly stated herein. In all instances, any relative terms or terms of degree used herein should be interpreted to broadly encompass any relevant disclosed embodiments as well as such ranges or variations as would be understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art in view of the entirety of the present disclosure, such as to encompass ordinary manufacturing tolerance variations, incidental alignment variations, alignment or shape variations induced by thermal, rotational or vibrational operational conditions, and the like.
- While the invention has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment(s), it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment(s) disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (20)
1. A temperature control unit comprising:
a fitting comprising:
a fluid inlet;
a fluid outlet;
a flow channel extending from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet; and
a passage extending through a wall of the fitting to the flow channel;
a heating wire, wherein the heating wire extends through the passage and into the flow channel;
a first temperature sensor, wherein the first temperature sensor is secured to an external surface of the fitting opposite the flow channel and wherein the first temperature sensor is electrically connected to the heating wire; and
a housing, wherein the first temperature sensor and portions of each of the fitting and the heating wire are contained within the housing.
2. The temperature control unit of claim 1 , wherein the first temperature sensor has a control temperature set point, and wherein the first temperature sensor is configured to close an electrical circuit with the heating wire to allow electrical power to be supplied to the heating wire when a temperature detected by the first temperature sensor is below the temperature set point, and wherein the first temperature sensor is configured to open the electrical circuit with the heating wire thereby interrupting the supply of electrical power to the heating wire when a temperature detected by the first temperature sensor is at or above the temperature set point.
3. The temperature control unit of claim 2 and further comprising:
a second temperature sensor, wherein the second temperature sensor is secured to the external surface of the fitting opposite the flow channel and is electrically connected to the heating wire; and
wherein the second temperature sensor is an override temperature sensor having a maximum temperature set point, wherein the supply of electrical power to the heating wire is interrupted when a temperature detected by the second temperature sensor reaches the maximum temperature set point.
4. The temperature control unit of claim 3 , wherein the first and second temperature sensors are bimetallic-type mechanical thermal sensors.
5. The temperature control unit of claim 2 , wherein the heating wire is wrapped around an external surface of a portion of the fitting contained within the housing.
6. The temperature control unit of claim 6 , wherein the external surface of the fitting comprises a spiral groove in which the heating wire is wrapped.
7. The temperature control unit of claim 7 , wherein the heating wire extends from the spiral groove through the passage and into the flow channel.
8. The temperature control unit of claim 5 and further comprising:
a coupling attached to the fluid outlet and configured to connect to a hose.
9. The temperature control unit of claim 8 , wherein the heating wire is wrapped around the external surface of the fitting multiple times, and wherein a number of times the heating wire is wrapped around the external surface of the fitting is greater when the coupling is configured to connect to a hose having a smaller internal diameter than when the coupling is configured to connect to a hose having a larger internal diameter.
10. The temperature control unit of claim 9 , wherein the heating wire extends out through the fitting fluid outlet and into a flow channel of the hose.
11. The temperature control unit of claim 1 , wherein a portion of the wall of the fitting to which the first temperature sensor is attached has a reduced thickness.
12. The temperature control unit of claim 1 and further comprising:
a fastener configured to hold the heating wire in the passage; and
a seal configured to block fluid flow through the passage.
13. The temperature control unit of claim 1 and further comprising:
an electrical power source configured to supply electrical power to the heating wire, wherein electrical connections to the heating wire and the first temperature sensor are contained within the housing.
14. The temperature control unit of claim 11 and further comprising:
an indicator light, wherein the indicator light is located on the housing and is configured to indicate when electrical power is being supplied to the heating wire.
15. An automatic temperature-controlled heated hose assembly comprising:
a temperature control unit comprising:
a fitting comprising:
a fluid inlet;
a fluid outlet;
a first flow channel extending from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet; and
a passage extending through a wall of the fitting to the first flow channel;
a heating wire, wherein the heating wire extends through the passage and into the first flow channel; and
a first temperature sensor having a control temperature set point, wherein the first temperature sensor is secured to an external surface of the wall of the fitting opposite the first flow channel and is configured to respond to a temperature of the external surface; and
a hose having a second flow channel in fluid communication with the fluid outlet, wherein the heating wire extends into the second flow channel for at least a partial length of the hose.
16. The automatic temperature-controlled heated hose assembly of claim 14 , wherein the heating wire is wrapped around an external surface of the fitting and is configured to supply heat to the fitting.
17. A method of controlling a fluid temperature in a hose, the method comprising:
connecting a temperature control unit to the hose;
providing a fluid flow to the hose through a fitting of the temperature control unit;
detecting a temperature of an external surface of a wall of the fitting opposite a fluid flow channel with a first temperature sensor having a control temperature set point;
supplying electrical power to a heating wire inserted into a fluid flow channel of the hose to supply heat to the fluid within the hose, wherein electrical power is supplied to the heating wire when the temperature detected is below the control temperature set point; and
interrupting the supply of electrical power to the heating wire when the temperature detected reaches the control temperature set point.
18. The method of claim 17 and further comprising:
providing heat to the external surface of the fitting, wherein the heat is provided by a portion of the heating wire wrapped around the external surface of the fitting.
19. The method of claim 17 and further comprising:
detecting a temperature of the external surface of a wall of the fitting opposite a fluid flow channel with a second temperature sensor having a maximum temperature set point; and
interrupting the supply of electrical power to the heating wire when the temperature detected reaches the maximum temperature set point.
20. The method of claim 17 , wherein the steps of detecting the temperature, supplying electrical power to the heating wire when the temperature detected is below the control temperature set point, and interrupting the supply of electrical power when the temperature detected reaches the control temperature set point, occurs automatically when power is supplied to the temperature control unit.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US15/426,812 US20170234577A1 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2017-02-07 | Internally heated hose |
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US201662294404P | 2016-02-12 | 2016-02-12 | |
US15/426,812 US20170234577A1 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2017-02-07 | Internally heated hose |
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US20170234577A1 true US20170234577A1 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
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US15/426,812 Abandoned US20170234577A1 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2017-02-07 | Internally heated hose |
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US20220203388A1 (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-06-30 | Graco Minnesota Inc. | Heated whip hose |
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US5859953A (en) * | 1997-06-30 | 1999-01-12 | Nickless; Eugene R. | Electric heating apparatus for deicing pipes utilizing flexible heated hose inserted into pipe |
-
2017
- 2017-02-07 EP EP17155073.4A patent/EP3205920A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-02-07 US US15/426,812 patent/US20170234577A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112996401A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2021-06-18 | 莱战略控股公司 | Wicking element for aerosol delivery device |
US20220203388A1 (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-06-30 | Graco Minnesota Inc. | Heated whip hose |
US11471900B2 (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-10-18 | Graco Minnesota Inc. | Heated whip hose |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3205920A1 (en) | 2017-08-16 |
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