US20170209673A1 - Cannulation device and methods thereof - Google Patents
Cannulation device and methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- US20170209673A1 US20170209673A1 US15/411,281 US201715411281A US2017209673A1 US 20170209673 A1 US20170209673 A1 US 20170209673A1 US 201715411281 A US201715411281 A US 201715411281A US 2017209673 A1 US2017209673 A1 US 2017209673A1
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- Prior art keywords
- cannula
- fixed blade
- cannulation device
- tube
- retractable wedge
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- Granted
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001631457 Cannula Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000709 aorta Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002612 cardiopulmonary effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007675 cardiac surgery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
- A61B17/3421—Cannulas
- A61B17/3423—Access ports, e.g. toroid shape introducers for instruments or hands
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/06—Body-piercing guide needles or the like
- A61M25/0606—"Over-the-needle" catheter assemblies, e.g. I.V. catheters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/3209—Incision instruments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3415—Trocars; Puncturing needles for introducing tubes or catheters, e.g. gastrostomy tubes, drain catheters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
- A61B17/3421—Cannulas
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/0097—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the hub
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3494—Trocars; Puncturing needles with safety means for protection against accidental cutting or pricking, e.g. limiting insertion depth, pressure sensors
- A61B17/3496—Protecting sleeves or inner probes; Retractable tips
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/00238—Type of minimally invasive operation
- A61B2017/00243—Type of minimally invasive operation cardiac
- A61B2017/00247—Making holes in the wall of the heart, e.g. laser Myocardial revascularization
- A61B2017/00252—Making holes in the wall of the heart, e.g. laser Myocardial revascularization for by-pass connections, i.e. connections from heart chamber to blood vessel or from blood vessel to blood vessel
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
- A61B17/3421—Cannulas
- A61B17/3423—Access ports, e.g. toroid shape introducers for instruments or hands
- A61B2017/3425—Access ports, e.g. toroid shape introducers for instruments or hands for internal organs, e.g. heart ports
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M2025/0098—Catheters; Hollow probes having a strain relief at the proximal end, e.g. sleeve
Definitions
- the claimed invention relates to surgical cannulation, and more specifically a cannulation device and methods thereof.
- a surgeon to place a cannula within a vessel, such as the aorta, in order to gain fluid access to the vessel.
- a vessel such as the aorta
- blood returning to the heart may be diverted to one or more cannulas for removal from the patient's body in order to pass the blood through a cardio pulmonary bypass (CPB) machine that reoxygenates the blood before returning the blood to the aorta on the output side of the heart.
- CPB cardio pulmonary bypass
- a cannulation device has a fixed blade, a retractable wedge, and an adjustment nut for mating with a cannula or a cannula assembly.
- the cannulation device has a tube having a proximal end and a distal end.
- the cannulation device also has a fixed blade coupled to the distal end of the tube.
- the fixed blade comprises a transition edge configured to cover a lead edge of a cannula.
- the cannulation device further has a control rod movable within the tube and a retractable wedge coupled to the control rod.
- the cannulation device also has an actuator coupled to the control rod and configured to move the retractable wedge from a piercing position where the retractable wedge is aligned with the fixed blade to a retracted position where the retractable wedge has been retracted within the tube.
- the cannulation device further has an adjustment nut movable to change a distance between the adjustment nut and the fixed blade.
- the cannulation device also has a cannula adapter.
- a method of cannulation is disclosed. While retracting a retractable wedge, a fixed blade is pushed past a distal end of a cannula, such that a transition edge of the fixed blade clears a leading edge on the distal end of the cannula. After the fixed blade clears the leading edge of the cannula, the retractable wedge is extended out of the distal end of the cannula to a piercing position in alignment with the fixed blade which provides cover for the leading edge of the cannula. Then the fixed blade and retractable wedge are used to pierce a vessel so that the lead edge of the cannula follows into the vessel.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a cannulation device.
- FIG. 2 is a partially exposed perspective view of the cannulation device of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the cannulation device of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 4A is an embodiment of a cannula assembly.
- FIG. 4B is an exploded side view of the cannula assembly of FIG. 4A .
- FIG. 4C is a side cross-sectional view of a cannula adapter.
- FIGS. 5A-5G schematically illustrate a surgical situation and example of using the cannulation device with the cannula assembly in order to place the cannula into a vessel.
- FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of a cannulation device in a partially exposed perspective view.
- FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the cannulation device of FIG. 6 .
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a cannulation device 20 .
- the cannulation device 20 has an actuator handle 22 that is pivotably coupled to a housing 24 .
- a tube 26 is coupled to the housing 24 , and a fixed blade 28 is coupled to the tube 26 .
- a retractable wedge 30 is axially moveable from the fully extended position shown in FIG. 1 to a retracted position which will be illustrated later in this discussion.
- An adjustment nut 32 is positioned around the tube 26 .
- a spring 42 coupled between a fixed spring anchor 44 and the actuator handle 22 such that the handle 22 is biased away from a grip 46 formed by the housing 24 .
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the cannulation device 20 of FIG. 2 .
- the proximal end 50 of the tube 26 is passed through a hole 52 in the adjustment nut 32 and coupled inside a tube receiver end 54 of the adapter 34 .
- Threads inside the adjustment nut 32 correspond to adapter threads 56 on the adapter 34 , and the adjustment nut 32 may be threaded onto the adapter 34 .
- the retractable wedge 30 is formed continuously with the control rod 58 as part of the same part. In other embodiments, these portions could be separate parts and would need to be coupled.
- the fixed blade 28 is placed against the distal end of the retractable wedge tip 30 , while the proximal end 36 of the control rod 58 is inserted into the tube 26 , and passed out through the adapter 34 .
- a key 28 A on the fixed blade 28 engages a key receiver 26 A in the tube 26 in order to prevent the fixed blade from sliding relative to the tube 26 .
- a keyed portion 60 on the proximal end 36 of the control rod 58 is coupled to a control rod interface 62 on the reverse gear 38 after passing through the adapter 34 .
- Reverse gear axles 64 are mated with corresponding reverse gear axle bosses 66 on the housing 24 . Given the exposed perspective of FIG.
- the visible reverse gear axle 64 mates with a boss in the housing that has been removed to expose the working parts (and therefore is not visible).
- the visible reverse gear axle boss 66 mates with a gear axle 64 which is not visible from this perspective.
- the actuator handle 22 can be pivotably coupled to the housing 24 while the handle 22 is fully extended. In doing this, axles 48 of the handle 22 are placed within corresponding lever axle bosses 68 of the housing 24 .
- the spring 42 is coupled between a spring attachment point 70 on the handle 22 and a fixed spring anchor 44 on the housing 24 .
- the adapter 34 has housing interface wings 72 which mate with corresponding features (not shown, but known to those skilled in the art) on the inside of the housing 24 . Although only one half of the housing 24 is shown in this exposed exploded view, it should be understood that a corresponding half of the housing (not shown) would couple with the visible housing 24 half to hold the adapter 34 in place while providing for pivotable movement of the actuator handle 22 and reverse gear 38 so that the retractable wedge 30 may be moved as described further below.
- the hub body 82 may include a fluid port 84 which may be selectively capped or coupled to tubing in order to provide fluid access.
- the sealing cap 86 has a device receiver 88 which is sized to accommodate the tube 26 of the cannulation device (not shown in this view).
- FIG. 4B is an exploded side view of the cannula assembly 74 .
- FIG. 4C is a side cross-sectional view of the cannula adapter 78 .
- FIGS. 5A-5G schematically illustrate a surgical situation and example of using the cannulation device 20 with the cannula assembly 74 in order to place the cannula 76 into a vessel. Portions of the cannulation device 20 and cannula assembly 74 are shown in quasi cross-sectional or transparent views so that hidden movements and covered parts can be seen.
- the actuator handle 22 is in its resting position, and the retractable wedge 30 is in a corresponding piercing position.
- the tube 26 of the cannulation device 20 is aligned with the device receiver 88 of the sealing cap 86 on the cannula assembly 74 . As illustrated in FIG.
- the handle 22 is moved 90 towards the grip 46 , causing the retractable wedge 30 to move proximally 92 .
- the proximal movement 92 of the retractable wedge 30 enables the fixed blade 28 to fall down, reducing the effective area presented by the combined fixed blade 28 and retractable wedge 30 .
- the cannulation device 20 can be inserted 94 into the cannula assembly 74 while the retractable wedge 30 is retracted.
- the handle 22 can be released 96 , causing the wedge 30 to move distally out the end of the cannula 76 , pushing the fixed blade 28 back to its original alignment.
- a vessel 98 is schematically illustrated in side cross-sectional view, waiting to be cannulated.
- FIG. 5D-1 is an enlarged view of the end of the cannula 76 , showing the fixed blade 28 and wedge 30 relative to the cannula 76 .
- the adjustment nut 32 can be rotated to ensure a smooth transition between a transition edge 100 of the fixed blade 28 and a cannula leading edge 102 .
- the cannula leading edge 102 is not typically strong enough or sharp enough to pierce a tissue on its own, but the transition edge 100 of the fixed blade 28 is positioned to assist with any piercing while making it easy to insert the cannula 76 into an opening created by the blade 28 and wedge 30 as will be illustrated below.
- pursestring sutures are known in the art, we are not including their placement in FIGS. 5A-5G for simplicity.
- the cannulation device 20 can be pushed 104 against the vessel 98 .
- the blade 28 and wedge 30 work together to create an incision in the vessel 98 , allowing the cannula 76 to be advanced into the vessel 98 .
- the handle 22 can be squeezed 106 back towards the grip 46 , creating a proximal motion 108 of the retractable wedge 30 which also allows the transition edge 100 of the fixed blade 28 to fall clear of the cannula leading edge 102 . This can be seen more clearly in the enlarged view of FIG. 5F-1 . As illustrated in FIG.
- the cannulation device 20 can then be withdrawn 110 from the cannula assembly 74 which is left behind in the vessel 98 .
- the cannula adapter 78 may be removed from the cannula assembly 74 , while the cannula 76 is left in-place to be capped or connected to tubing, such as a line to/from a cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB) machine.
- the cannula assembly 74 may be capped or connected to such tubing, as desired.
- FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of a cannulation device 112 in a partially exposed perspective view.
- the cannulation device 112 has an actuator handle 22 that is pivotably coupled to a housing 24 .
- a tube 114 is coupled to the housing 24 , and in this embodiment, the fixed blade 116 is a continuous extension of the tube 114 .
- a retractable wedge 118 is axially moveable from the fully extended position shown in FIG. 6 to a retracted position similar to the one discussed previously.
- An adjustment nut 120 is positioned around the tube 114 .
- the tube 114 which passes through the adjustment nut 120 , is coupled to an adapter 122 which is held in this embodiment by upper and lower clamshell brackets 124 U, 124 L which are in turn held by the housing 24 .
- the adapter 122 has a channel therein (not visible in this view) through which a proximal end 126 of a control rod 128 has been passed.
- the control rod 128 is coupled to or may be formed continuously with the retractable wedge 118 .
- the control rod 128 is coupled to a reverse gear 38 by a link 130 .
- the reverse gear 38 is moveable by a corresponding lever gear 40 which is part of the actuator handle 22 .
- a spring 42 coupled between a fixed spring anchor 44 and the actuator handle 22 such that the handle 22 is biased away from a grip 46 formed by the housing 24 .
- FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the cannulation device 112 of FIG. 6 .
- the proximal end 114 P of the tube 114 is coupled inside a tube receiver 132 in the adapter 122 .
- Threads 134 inside the adjustment nut 120 correspond to adapter threads 136 on the adapter 122 , and the adjustment nut 120 may be threaded onto the adapter 122 .
- the retractable wedge 118 is formed continuously with the control rod 128 as part of the same part. In other embodiments, these portions could be separate parts and would need to be coupled.
- the proximal end 126 of the control rod 128 is placed into the tube 114 and extended through the adapter 122 until a distal end 130 D of the link 130 can be coupled to the link end receiver 138 on the control rod 128 .
- the control rod 128 can then be moved within the tube 114 so that the wedge tip 118 is aligned in a piercing position with the fixed blade 116 while the proximal end 130 P of the link 130 is coupled to a link receiver 140 on the reverse gear 38 .
- Reverse gear axles 64 are mated with corresponding reverse gear axle bosses 66 on the housing 24 . Given the exposed perspective of FIG.
- the visible reverse gear axle 64 mates with a boss in the housing that has been removed to expose the working parts (and therefore is not visible).
- the visible reverse gear axle boss 66 mates with a gear axle 64 which is not visible from this perspective.
- the actuator handle 22 can be pivotably coupled to the housing 24 while the handle 22 is fully extended. In doing this, axles 48 of the handle 22 are placed within corresponding lever axle bosses 68 of the housing 24 .
- the spring (not shown in this view) is coupled between a spring attachment point 70 on the handle 22 and a fixed spring anchor 44 on the housing 24 .
- the adapter 122 has facets 142 which are held by the upper and lower clamshell pieces 124 U, 124 L.
- the clamshell pieces 124 U, 124 L have housing interface tabs 144 which mate with corresponding features (not shown, but known to those skilled in the art) on the inside of the housing 24 .
- a corresponding half of the housing would couple with the visible housing 24 half to hold the adapter 122 in place while providing for pivotable movement of the actuator handle 22 and reverse gear 38 so that the retractable wedge 118 may be moved as discussed with previous embodiments.
Abstract
Description
- This patent application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/281,768 filed Jan. 22, 2016 and entitled “CANNULATION DEVICE AND METHODS THEREOF”. The 62/281,768 application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- The claimed invention relates to surgical cannulation, and more specifically a cannulation device and methods thereof.
- Various types of surgery require a surgeon to place a cannula within a vessel, such as the aorta, in order to gain fluid access to the vessel. For example, in many cardiac surgeries, blood returning to the heart may be diverted to one or more cannulas for removal from the patient's body in order to pass the blood through a cardio pulmonary bypass (CPB) machine that reoxygenates the blood before returning the blood to the aorta on the output side of the heart. It is desirable to minimize the amount of time it takes to establish cannulation so that CPB may be established without undue delay and so that surgery times may be reduced in order to improve patient outcomes and reduce surgical team fatigue. Unfortunately, at odds with this desire is the reality that more and more surgeries are being done with minimally invasive techniques to reduce patient trauma and speed recovery times. The small access sites afforded surgeons with minimally invasive techniques may either make cannulation difficult (time consuming) or may prevent surgeons from using the minimally invasive techniques in the first place. Therefore, it would be desirable to have a cannulation device and methods which would enable surgeons to place a cannula efficiently in a vessel while operating through a minimally invasive surgical access site.
- A cannulation device is disclosed. The cannulation device has a fixed blade, a retractable wedge, and an adjustment nut for mating with a cannula or a cannula assembly.
- Another cannulation device is disclosed. The cannulation device has a tube having a proximal end and a distal end. The cannulation device also has a fixed blade coupled to the distal end of the tube. The fixed blade comprises a transition edge configured to cover a lead edge of a cannula. The cannulation device further has a control rod movable within the tube and a retractable wedge coupled to the control rod. The cannulation device also has an actuator coupled to the control rod and configured to move the retractable wedge from a piercing position where the retractable wedge is aligned with the fixed blade to a retracted position where the retractable wedge has been retracted within the tube. The cannulation device further has an adjustment nut movable to change a distance between the adjustment nut and the fixed blade. The cannulation device also has a cannula adapter.
- A method of cannulation is disclosed. While retracting a retractable wedge, a fixed blade is pushed past a distal end of a cannula, such that a transition edge of the fixed blade clears a leading edge on the distal end of the cannula. After the fixed blade clears the leading edge of the cannula, the retractable wedge is extended out of the distal end of the cannula to a piercing position in alignment with the fixed blade which provides cover for the leading edge of the cannula. Then the fixed blade and retractable wedge are used to pierce a vessel so that the lead edge of the cannula follows into the vessel.
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a cannulation device. -
FIG. 2 is a partially exposed perspective view of the cannulation device ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the cannulation device ofFIG. 2 . -
FIG. 4A is an embodiment of a cannula assembly. -
FIG. 4B is an exploded side view of the cannula assembly ofFIG. 4A . -
FIG. 4C is a side cross-sectional view of a cannula adapter. -
FIGS. 5A-5G schematically illustrate a surgical situation and example of using the cannulation device with the cannula assembly in order to place the cannula into a vessel. -
FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of a cannulation device in a partially exposed perspective view. -
FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the cannulation device ofFIG. 6 . -
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of acannulation device 20. Thecannulation device 20 has anactuator handle 22 that is pivotably coupled to ahousing 24. Atube 26 is coupled to thehousing 24, and a fixedblade 28 is coupled to thetube 26. Under thefixed blade 28, aretractable wedge 30 is axially moveable from the fully extended position shown inFIG. 1 to a retracted position which will be illustrated later in this discussion. Anadjustment nut 32 is positioned around thetube 26. -
FIG. 2 is a partially exposed perspective view of thecannulation device 20 ofFIG. 1 . A portion of thehousing 24 has been removed fromFIG. 2 in order to show the components of the device which were covered therein in this embodiment. Thetube 26, which passes through theadjustment nut 32, is coupled to anadapter 34 which is held by thehousing 24. Theadapter 34 has a channel therein (not visible in this view) through which aproximal end 36 of acontrol rod 58 has been passed. Thecontrol rod 58 is coupled to or may be formed continuously with theretractable wedge 30. In this embodiment, thecontrol rod 58 is coupled to areverse gear 38. Thereverse gear 38 is moveable by acorresponding lever gear 40 which is part of theactuator handle 22. Aspring 42 coupled between afixed spring anchor 44 and theactuator handle 22 such that thehandle 22 is biased away from agrip 46 formed by thehousing 24. With thehandle 22 in the position shown inFIGS. 1 and 2 , theretractable wedge 30 is not retracted, but is, instead, in a piercing position. -
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of thecannulation device 20 ofFIG. 2 . Theproximal end 50 of thetube 26 is passed through ahole 52 in theadjustment nut 32 and coupled inside atube receiver end 54 of theadapter 34. Threads inside the adjustment nut 32 (threads not visible in this view) correspond toadapter threads 56 on theadapter 34, and theadjustment nut 32 may be threaded onto theadapter 34. In this embodiment, theretractable wedge 30 is formed continuously with thecontrol rod 58 as part of the same part. In other embodiments, these portions could be separate parts and would need to be coupled. Thefixed blade 28 is placed against the distal end of theretractable wedge tip 30, while theproximal end 36 of thecontrol rod 58 is inserted into thetube 26, and passed out through theadapter 34. In this embodiment, a key 28A on thefixed blade 28 engages akey receiver 26A in thetube 26 in order to prevent the fixed blade from sliding relative to thetube 26. A keyedportion 60 on theproximal end 36 of thecontrol rod 58 is coupled to acontrol rod interface 62 on thereverse gear 38 after passing through theadapter 34.Reverse gear axles 64 are mated with corresponding reversegear axle bosses 66 on thehousing 24. Given the exposed perspective ofFIG. 3 , it should be noted that the visiblereverse gear axle 64 mates with a boss in the housing that has been removed to expose the working parts (and therefore is not visible). Similarly, the visible reversegear axle boss 66 mates with agear axle 64 which is not visible from this perspective. - With the
retractable wedge 30 fully extended in a piercing position, the actuator handle 22 can be pivotably coupled to thehousing 24 while thehandle 22 is fully extended. In doing this, axles 48 of thehandle 22 are placed within correspondinglever axle bosses 68 of thehousing 24. Thespring 42 is coupled between aspring attachment point 70 on thehandle 22 and a fixedspring anchor 44 on thehousing 24. - The
adapter 34 hashousing interface wings 72 which mate with corresponding features (not shown, but known to those skilled in the art) on the inside of thehousing 24. Although only one half of thehousing 24 is shown in this exposed exploded view, it should be understood that a corresponding half of the housing (not shown) would couple with thevisible housing 24 half to hold theadapter 34 in place while providing for pivotable movement of theactuator handle 22 andreverse gear 38 so that theretractable wedge 30 may be moved as described further below. - The
cannulation device 20 is intended to interact with acannula assembly 74, such as the one schematically illustrated in the side view ofFIG. 4A . In the embodiment ofFIG. 4A , thecannula assembly 74 has acannula 76 and acannula adapter 78. Different embodiments and sizes of the cannulation device, discussed previously, may be configured to work with a variety of types ofcannulas 76. As just one non-limiting example, thecannula 76 used herein is a Medtronic 71422 Femoral Venous Cannula. In this embodiment, thecannula adapter 78 includes astrain relief 80, ahub body 82, and a sealingcap 86. Thehub body 82 may include afluid port 84 which may be selectively capped or coupled to tubing in order to provide fluid access. The sealingcap 86 has adevice receiver 88 which is sized to accommodate thetube 26 of the cannulation device (not shown in this view).FIG. 4B is an exploded side view of thecannula assembly 74.FIG. 4C is a side cross-sectional view of thecannula adapter 78. -
FIGS. 5A-5G schematically illustrate a surgical situation and example of using thecannulation device 20 with thecannula assembly 74 in order to place thecannula 76 into a vessel. Portions of thecannulation device 20 andcannula assembly 74 are shown in quasi cross-sectional or transparent views so that hidden movements and covered parts can be seen. InFIG. 5A , theactuator handle 22 is in its resting position, and theretractable wedge 30 is in a corresponding piercing position. Thetube 26 of thecannulation device 20 is aligned with thedevice receiver 88 of the sealingcap 86 on thecannula assembly 74. As illustrated inFIG. 5B , thehandle 22 is moved 90 towards thegrip 46, causing theretractable wedge 30 to move proximally 92. Theproximal movement 92 of theretractable wedge 30 enables the fixedblade 28 to fall down, reducing the effective area presented by the combined fixedblade 28 andretractable wedge 30. As shown inFIG. 5C , thecannulation device 20 can be inserted 94 into thecannula assembly 74 while theretractable wedge 30 is retracted. As shown inFIG. 5D , thehandle 22 can be released 96, causing thewedge 30 to move distally out the end of thecannula 76, pushing the fixedblade 28 back to its original alignment. Avessel 98 is schematically illustrated in side cross-sectional view, waiting to be cannulated. - The interface between the sealing
cap 86 and theadjustment nut 32 controls how far the fixedblade 28 andwedge 30 will extend out the end of thecannula 76.FIG. 5D-1 is an enlarged view of the end of thecannula 76, showing the fixedblade 28 andwedge 30 relative to thecannula 76. Theadjustment nut 32 can be rotated to ensure a smooth transition between atransition edge 100 of the fixedblade 28 and acannula leading edge 102. Thecannula leading edge 102 is not typically strong enough or sharp enough to pierce a tissue on its own, but thetransition edge 100 of the fixedblade 28 is positioned to assist with any piercing while making it easy to insert thecannula 76 into an opening created by theblade 28 andwedge 30 as will be illustrated below. - Typically, surgeons will place one or more pursestring sutures around an intended cannulation site before placing the cannula. The one or more pursestring sutures are then in-place to be tightened around the cannula after it is inserted into the vessel to help maintain a tight seal of the tissue around the cannula. Since pursestring sutures are known in the art, we are not including their placement in
FIGS. 5A-5G for simplicity. - As illustrated in
FIG. 5E , thecannulation device 20 can be pushed 104 against thevessel 98. Theblade 28 andwedge 30 work together to create an incision in thevessel 98, allowing thecannula 76 to be advanced into thevessel 98. As illustrated inFIG. 5F , thehandle 22 can be squeezed 106 back towards thegrip 46, creating aproximal motion 108 of theretractable wedge 30 which also allows thetransition edge 100 of the fixedblade 28 to fall clear of thecannula leading edge 102. This can be seen more clearly in the enlarged view ofFIG. 5F-1 . As illustrated inFIG. 5G , thecannulation device 20 can then be withdrawn 110 from thecannula assembly 74 which is left behind in thevessel 98. Thecannula adapter 78 may be removed from thecannula assembly 74, while thecannula 76 is left in-place to be capped or connected to tubing, such as a line to/from a cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB) machine. Alternately, thecannula assembly 74 may be capped or connected to such tubing, as desired. -
FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of acannulation device 112 in a partially exposed perspective view. Thecannulation device 112 has anactuator handle 22 that is pivotably coupled to ahousing 24. Atube 114 is coupled to thehousing 24, and in this embodiment, the fixedblade 116 is a continuous extension of thetube 114. Under the fixedblade 116, aretractable wedge 118 is axially moveable from the fully extended position shown inFIG. 6 to a retracted position similar to the one discussed previously. Anadjustment nut 120 is positioned around thetube 114. Thetube 114, which passes through theadjustment nut 120, is coupled to anadapter 122 which is held in this embodiment by upper andlower clamshell brackets housing 24. Theadapter 122 has a channel therein (not visible in this view) through which aproximal end 126 of acontrol rod 128 has been passed. Thecontrol rod 128 is coupled to or may be formed continuously with theretractable wedge 118. In this embodiment, thecontrol rod 128 is coupled to areverse gear 38 by alink 130. Thereverse gear 38 is moveable by a correspondinglever gear 40 which is part of theactuator handle 22. Aspring 42 coupled between afixed spring anchor 44 and the actuator handle 22 such that thehandle 22 is biased away from agrip 46 formed by thehousing 24. With thehandle 22 in the position shown inFIG. 6 , theretractable wedge 118 is not retracted, but is, instead, in a piercing position. -
FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of thecannulation device 112 ofFIG. 6 . Theproximal end 114P of thetube 114 is coupled inside atube receiver 132 in theadapter 122.Threads 134 inside theadjustment nut 120 correspond toadapter threads 136 on theadapter 122, and theadjustment nut 120 may be threaded onto theadapter 122. In this embodiment, theretractable wedge 118 is formed continuously with thecontrol rod 128 as part of the same part. In other embodiments, these portions could be separate parts and would need to be coupled. Theproximal end 126 of thecontrol rod 128 is placed into thetube 114 and extended through theadapter 122 until adistal end 130D of thelink 130 can be coupled to thelink end receiver 138 on thecontrol rod 128. Thecontrol rod 128 can then be moved within thetube 114 so that thewedge tip 118 is aligned in a piercing position with the fixedblade 116 while theproximal end 130P of thelink 130 is coupled to alink receiver 140 on thereverse gear 38.Reverse gear axles 64 are mated with corresponding reversegear axle bosses 66 on thehousing 24. Given the exposed perspective ofFIG. 7 , it should be noted that the visiblereverse gear axle 64 mates with a boss in the housing that has been removed to expose the working parts (and therefore is not visible). Similarly, the visible reversegear axle boss 66 mates with agear axle 64 which is not visible from this perspective. - With the
retractable wedge 118 fully extended in a piercing position, the actuator handle 22 can be pivotably coupled to thehousing 24 while thehandle 22 is fully extended. In doing this, axles 48 of thehandle 22 are placed within correspondinglever axle bosses 68 of thehousing 24. As with previous embodiments, the spring (not shown in this view) is coupled between aspring attachment point 70 on thehandle 22 and a fixedspring anchor 44 on thehousing 24. - The
adapter 122 hasfacets 142 which are held by the upper andlower clamshell pieces clamshell pieces housing interface tabs 144 which mate with corresponding features (not shown, but known to those skilled in the art) on the inside of thehousing 24. Although only one half of thehousing 24 is shown in this exposed exploded view, it should be understood that a corresponding half of the housing (not shown) would couple with thevisible housing 24 half to hold theadapter 122 in place while providing for pivotable movement of theactuator handle 22 andreverse gear 38 so that theretractable wedge 118 may be moved as discussed with previous embodiments. - Various advantages of a cannulation device have been discussed above. Embodiments discussed herein have been described by way of example in this specification. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the foregoing detailed disclosure is intended to be presented by way of example only, and is not limiting. Various alterations, improvements, and modifications will occur and are intended to those skilled in the art, though not expressly stated herein. These alterations, improvements, and modifications are intended to be suggested hereby, and are within the spirit and the scope of the claimed invention. Additionally, the recited order of processing elements or sequences, or the use of numbers, letters, or other designations therefore, is not intended to limit the claims to any order, except as may be specified in the claims. Accordingly, the invention is limited only by the following claims and equivalents thereto.
Claims (19)
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US15/411,281 US10682158B2 (en) | 2016-01-22 | 2017-01-20 | Cannulation device and methods thereof |
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US201662281768P | 2016-01-22 | 2016-01-22 | |
US15/411,281 US10682158B2 (en) | 2016-01-22 | 2017-01-20 | Cannulation device and methods thereof |
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US5441041A (en) * | 1993-09-13 | 1995-08-15 | United States Surgical Corporation | Optical trocar |
US5611352A (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1997-03-18 | Kobren; Myles S. | Cervical biopsy device |
US5620456A (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 1997-04-15 | Lasersurge, Inc. | Trocar assembly |
US20060200182A1 (en) * | 2005-03-05 | 2006-09-07 | Laparoscopic Partners Llc | Safety shielded trocar with oblique incision edges |
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US3714945A (en) | 1970-12-17 | 1973-02-06 | Vicra Sterile Inc | Digit manipulable quick release cannula insertion device |
US8333686B2 (en) | 2006-08-30 | 2012-12-18 | Circulite, Inc. | Cannula insertion devices, systems, and methods including a compressible member |
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US5441041A (en) * | 1993-09-13 | 1995-08-15 | United States Surgical Corporation | Optical trocar |
US5611352A (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1997-03-18 | Kobren; Myles S. | Cervical biopsy device |
US5620456A (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 1997-04-15 | Lasersurge, Inc. | Trocar assembly |
US20060200182A1 (en) * | 2005-03-05 | 2006-09-07 | Laparoscopic Partners Llc | Safety shielded trocar with oblique incision edges |
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