US20170170607A9 - Switchable RJ45/ARJ45 Jack - Google Patents
Switchable RJ45/ARJ45 Jack Download PDFInfo
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- US20170170607A9 US20170170607A9 US15/028,039 US201415028039A US2017170607A9 US 20170170607 A9 US20170170607 A9 US 20170170607A9 US 201415028039 A US201415028039 A US 201415028039A US 2017170607 A9 US2017170607 A9 US 2017170607A9
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- communication connector
- switch
- communication
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/646—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00 specially adapted for high-frequency, e.g. structures providing an impedance match or phase match
- H01R13/6473—Impedance matching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/646—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00 specially adapted for high-frequency, e.g. structures providing an impedance match or phase match
- H01R13/6461—Means for preventing cross-talk
- H01R13/6467—Means for preventing cross-talk by cross-over of signal conductors
- H01R13/6469—Means for preventing cross-talk by cross-over of signal conductors on substrates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
- H01R13/70—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
- H01R13/703—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch operated by engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. dual-continuity coupling part
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
- H01R13/70—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
- H01R13/703—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch operated by engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. dual-continuity coupling part
- H01R13/7039—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch operated by engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. dual-continuity coupling part the coupling part with coding means activating the switch to establish different circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
- H01R24/60—Contacts spaced along planar side wall transverse to longitudinal axis of engagement
- H01R24/62—Sliding engagements with one side only, e.g. modular jack coupling devices
- H01R24/64—Sliding engagements with one side only, e.g. modular jack coupling devices for high frequency, e.g. RJ 45
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R29/00—Coupling parts for selective co-operation with a counterpart in different ways to establish different circuits, e.g. for voltage selection, for series-parallel selection, programmable connectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/0213—Electrical arrangements not otherwise provided for
- H05K1/0216—Reduction of cross-talk, noise or electromagnetic interference
- H05K1/0228—Compensation of cross-talk by a mutually correlated lay-out of printed circuit traces, e.g. for compensation of cross-talk in mounted connectors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of telecommunication jacks, and more specifically, to network jacks adapted for operating with more than one type of a plug.
- the RJ45 connector has been one of the commonly used standards for making electrical connections within a network. While this standard is widely employed, the physical layout of electrical conductors in an RJ45 connector can cause increasing levels of crosstalk at higher bandwidths. To combat unwanted crosstalk, new plug/jack designs have been implemented. However, to ensure the ability to interface RJ45 components to new networks, it is desirable to have the new plug/jack designed be backwards compatible.
- ARJ45 plug An example of an ARJ45 plug is described in U.S. application Ser. No. 13/864,924 which is also herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- the long nose of the ARJ45 plug causes the PCB to move to an alternate position in the design of both the '211 and '806 patent applications and thus creates the secondary mode of operation.
- a communication connector has a housing for receiving a communication plug, a printed circuit within the housing, a switch which actuates the printed circuit board, and a translating crossbar which engages the switch.
- the printed circuit board is moved dependent upon a type of plug inserted. The movement of the circuit board can help to selectively engage one of two sets of circuit traces and groupings of contacts.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a communication system using an RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack of the communication system of FIG. 1 , according to an embodiment of the present invention, with an RJ45 plug inserted.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack of FIG. 2 with an ARJ45 plug inserted.
- FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the front nose assembly of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 6 is a perspective cut-away view of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack of FIG. 2 without any plugs inserted into the jack.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective cut-away view of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack of FIG. 2 with an ARJ45 plug inserted into the jack.
- FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the IDC assembly of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the rear cap assembly of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the foil divider of the rear cap assembly of FIG. 9 .
- FIG. 11 is an isometric view of the PCB of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack of FIG. 2 .
- FIGS. 12-14 are views of the various layers of traces for the PCB of FIG. 11 .
- FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the switching network and the compensation circuitry of the PCB of FIG. 11 .
- the present invention is a switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack suitable for both 10 Gb/s and 40 Gb/s performance.
- FIG. 1 illustrates copper structured cabling communication system 46 which includes patch panel 48 with switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jacks 50 and corresponding RJ45 plugs 52 and ARJ45 plugs 54 .
- Respective horizontal cables 56 are terminated to switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jacks 50
- respective patch cables 58 are terminated to RJ45 plugs 52
- respective shielded patch cables 60 are terminated to ARJ45 plugs 54 .
- FIG. 2 illustrates switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 mated with RJ45 plug 52 , rotated 180° about the central axis of cable 56 relative to the orientation from FIG. 1 .
- RJ45 plug 52 When RJ45 plug 52 is used with switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 , it is possible to obtain up to CAT6A performance.
- ARJ45 plug 54 For higher performance and higher bandwidth (e.g. 2 GHz) ARJ45 plug 54 must be used with switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 as shown in FIG. 3 , also rotated 180° about the central axis of cable 56 relative to the orientation from FIG. 1 .
- Switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 shown exploded in FIG. 4 , includes metal housing 62 , front nose assembly 120 , PCB 76 , IDC assembly 82 , and rear cap assembly 122 .
- Front nose assembly 120 shown exploded in FIG. 5 , includes crossbar 65 with plug grounding tabs 64 .
- crossbar 65 pushes on rocker switch 66 which then pushes PCB 76 down into its high bandwidth mode (ARJ45).
- Springs 63 are compressed between metal housing 62 and rocker switch 66 such that it biases switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 to its RJ45 state when ARJ45 plug 54 is withdrawn from switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 causing the rocker switch to pull PCB 76 up into its RJ45 position.
- Rocker switch 66 toggles switchable jack 50 between the RJ45 and switched high bandwidth mode of operation based upon which type of plug is inserted.
- Hinge pin 67 is inserted into front PIC support structure 68 and holds rocker switch 66 .
- Front PIC support structure 68 also constrains PICs 70 0-9 with combs 69 .
- PICs 70 1 - 70 8 are numbered in accordance with ANSI/TIA-568-C.2 and are used as signal transmission paths when an RJ45 plug is used.
- PICs 70 0 and 70 9 are always grounded and are used to balance the ground around signal pairs 1:2 and 7:8 during the high bandwidth mode of operation.
- PICs 72 are located physically in compliance with IEC 60603-7-7 and are supported by prime PIC support structure 74 .
- PICs 72 have region 73 which increases in width relative to the free end that interfaces with the plug contacts of ARJ45 plug 54 , and also includes bends 77 to bring region 73 closer to metal housing 62 for impedance matching.
- the increase in width increases capacitive coupling and helps bring the impedance of the differential pairs that use PICs 72 close to 100 ⁇ . Without wider region 73 , the impedance through PICs 72 is above 100 ⁇ ( ⁇ 130 ⁇ ), which causes additional return loss.
- the extra width of region 73 increases capacitive coupling in that region between prime PICs 72 4 and 72 5 as well as between prime PICs 72 3 and 72 6 .
- the relative closeness of metal housing 62 to region 73 also provides a path for capacitive coupling that aids in bringing the impedance through this region close to 100 ⁇ .
- PICs 72 are grounded during RJ45 mode of operation but used as signal transmission paths during high bandwidth mode.
- the signal transmission pairs are on 70 1 , 70 2 ; 70 3 , 70 6 ; 70 4 , 70 5 ; and 70 7 , 70 8 .
- Remaining PICs 70 0 , 70 9 , 72 3 , 72 6 , 72 4 , 72 5 are grounded.
- the signal transmission pairs are on 72 4 , 72 5 ; 72 3 , 72 6 ; 70 1 , 70 2 ; and 70 7 , 70 8 .
- Remaining PICs 70 0 , 70 3 , 70 4 , 70 5 , 70 6 , 70 9 are grounded.
- PICs 70 and 72 are constructed of a thin (less than 0.014 inches, preferably 0.004 to 0.010 inches, more preferably 0.006 to 0.008 inches, even more preferably 0.007 inches) metallic material, although nonmetallic or insulative materials can also be used for some of the layers.
- the use of thinner material improves PIC flexibility to reduce susceptibility to internal stresses imparted during bending.
- PICs 70 and 72 are folded back upon their respective selves to create layered PICs.
- PICs 70 0 and 70 9 have an additional contact surface 75 on the side for the purpose of providing a ground path for rocker switch 66 .
- the use of thin material allow PICs 70 to have a relatively short electrical length.
- FIG. 6 depicts switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 in its RJ45 state where crossbar 65 , rocker switch 66 , and PCB 76 are in their RJ45 position. This natural state is unchanged when RJ45 plug 52 is inserted into switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 .
- FIG. 7 depicts switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 in its actuated state with ARJ45 plug 54 locked into place.
- ARJ45 plug 54 is inserted into RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50
- the nose 55 of ARJ45 plug engages and pushes crossbar 65 .
- the motion of crossbar 65 is transferred to rocker switch 66 at interface 57 and causes rocker switch 66 to rotate about hinge pin 67 .
- rocker switch 66 drives the translation of PCB 76 into its actuated high bandwidth state through interface 71 .
- Compression springs 63 resist the rotation of rocker switch 66 and therefore drive the opposite rotation when ARJ45 plug 54 is removed, returning RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 to its natural RJ45 state.
- the potential energy in springs 63 cause crossbar 65 to constantly exert force upon nose 55 of ARJ45 plug 54 . That force pushes ARJ45 plug away until plug latch 59 is mated against latch stop 61 of housing 62 .
- the nose of RJ45 plug 52 engages crossbar 65 , but the nose is not long enough to drive the switching mechanism and activate the high bandwidth state.
- crossbar 65 still drives RJ45 plug 52 so that the plug latches mate against the latch stops 61 in housing 62 .
- the preload in the switch causes either ARJ45 plug 54 or RJ45 52 to be positioned such that the plug latch mates against the latch stops and therefore does not “float” inside of RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 .
- IDC assembly 82 shown exploded in FIG. 8 is composed of IDC holder 84 , four IDCs 78 1,4,6,7 and four IDCs 80 2,3,5,8 .
- Vertical IDC isolator 86 and horizontal IDC isolator 140 from foil divider 124 (see FIG. 9 ) in rear cap assembly 122 reduce internal crosstalk among the four signal pairs.
- Vertical IDC isolator 86 has contact surfaces 136 that provide a ground path between PCB 76 , housing 62 , and grounding contact 126 .
- Mounting snaps 138 secure IDC assembly 82 to metal housing 62 and locks nose assembly 120 and PCB 76 into position.
- Rear cap assembly 122 is shown exploded in FIG. 9 and is composed of foil divider 124 , grounding contact 126 , conductor holder 128 , strain relief collar 130 , compression ring 132 , and rear cover 88 .
- Cable 56 is inserted through rear cover 88 and compression ring 132 .
- the wire braid from cable 56 is captured between compression ring 132 and strain relief collar 130 resulting in a grounding path for the jack and strain relief for the cable.
- the four individually foiled pairs are then placed into the foil channels 144 ( FIG. 10 ).
- One side of foil divider 124 has offset slot 142 to accommodate the two foil pairs that cross over each other on the vertical plane, which is required to accommodate the end to end effect of twisted pair cabling.
- Grounding contact 126 provides a ground path for the foil pairs in the foil divider 124 with a compressive preload from grounding pads 146 .
- Foil grounding pads 146 combined with foil channels 144 in foil divider 124 provide a comprehensive 360 degree ground path around the circumference of the foil pairs. Comprehensive grounding of the foil helps high frequency performance, particularly with respect to the prevention of common mode coupling.
- Grounding contact 126 also provides a ground path to vertical IDC isolator 86 , foil divider 124 , strain relief collar 130 , and metal housing 62 via grounding surfaces 148 .
- Snaps 150 secure conductor holder 128 onto foil divider 124 .
- Rear cover 88 snaps into metal housing 62 via latches 89 to secure rear cap assembly 122 to switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 .
- PCB 76 ( FIGS. 11-15 ) includes two isolated networks, one for RJ45 mode and one for the switched high bandwidth mode, and translates by rocker switch 66 ( FIGS. 5-7 ) based upon which plug is inserted.
- the network for the RJ45 mode contains all of the necessary compensation elements to effectively cancel the crosstalk effects of RJ45 plug 52 such that it is compliant to ANSI/TIA-568-C.2.
- the network for high bandwidth mode does not contain any compensation elements but rather contains 100 ⁇ impedance matched differential pair traces that connect PICs 70 1-2 , 70 7-8 , and 72 3-6 ( FIG. 5 ) to respective IDCs 78 and 80 ( FIG. 8 ).
- FIG. 15 is a schematic of the switching network on PCB 76 along with the crosstalk compensation on PCB 76 .
- Top layer 160 FIG. 12
- Bottom layer 161 FIG. 12
- rocker switch 66 positions PCB 76 such that PICs 70 and 72 are in contact with pads 1P through 8P and GND on top layer 160 .
- the traces are routed to contact pads 1P through 8P to interface with IDCs 78 and 80 .
- This layout configuration completes the connection between the PICs and the IDCs when an ARJ45 plug is inserted into the jack.
- the contacts of an ARJ45 plug are arranged in a fashion such that there is a negligible amount of crosstalk between the pairs; therefore, no crosstalk compensation is required on PCB 76 during the high bandwidth mode of operation.
- rocker switch 66 positions PCB 76 such that PICs 70 and 72 are in contact with pads 0 through 9 on top layer 160 . Traces on top layer 160 connect pads 1 through 8 to through-hole vias. For pairs 12 and 78, the through-hole vias are connected to traces on bottom layer 161 which are routed to contact pads 1, 2, 7, and 8 to interface with the IDCs. For pairs 36 and 45, the through-hole vias are connected to traces on internal layers 3 and 4 (reference numbers 162 and 163 , respectively, FIG. 13 ) which are routed to additional through-hole vias.
- this layout configuration must also support appropriate coupling between pairs to appropriately cancel the crosstalk that exists in an RJ45 plug.
- two stage crosstalk cancellation techniques as may be found in Panduit's U.S. Pat. No. 8,137,141 (incorporated by reference as if fully setforth herein) and adapted to the mechanical/electrical characteristics of the present invention jack, can be employed to cancel the plug crosstalk between pairs 36-45, 36-12, and 36-78.
- FIG. 12 shows the location of the crosstalk cancellation capacitors on top layer 160 .
- the coupling between conductors is implemented with discrete surface mount components.
- Capacitor C 46 provides coupling between conductors 4 and 6 and capacitor C 35 provides coupling between conductors 3 and 5 .
- C 46 and C 35 comprise the first stage of NEXT compensation for the 36-45 pair combination.
- Components C 56 , L 56 provide a lattice coupling network between conductors 5 and 6
- components C 34 , L 34 provide a lattice coupling network between conductors 3 and 4 .
- C 56 , L 56 , C 34 , and L 34 comprise the second stage of NEXT compensation for the 36-45 pair combination.
- Capacitor C 13 provides coupling between conductors 1 and 3
- capacitor C 26 provides coupling between conductors 2 and 6 .
- C 13 and C 26 comprise the first stage of NEXT compensation for the 36-12 pair combination.
- Capacitor C 23 provides coupling between conductors 2 and 3 which comprises the second stage of NEXT compensation for the 36-12 pair combination.
- Capacitor C 68 provides coupling between conductors 6 and 8 and capacitor C 37 provides coupling between conductors 3 and 7 . Together, C 68 and C 37 comprise the first stage of NEXT compensation for the 36-78 pair combination.
- Capacitor C 67 provides coupling between conductors 6 and 7 which comprises the second stage of NEXT compensation for the 36-78 pair combination. For pair combinations 12-45 and 45-78, single stage compensation techniques are implemented to sufficiently compensate for the crosstalk that exists in the RJ45 plug.
- Capacitor C 14 provides coupling between conductor 1 and conductor 4 to create the single stage of NEXT compensation between the 12 and 45 pairs.
- Capacitor C 58 provides coupling between conductor 5 and conductor 8 to create the single stage of NEXT compensation between the 45 and 78 pairs.
- PCB 76 In addition to providing NEXT compensation of RJ45 plugs, PCB 76 must also provide appropriate coupling to satisfy the FEXT requirement for pair combination 36-45. This is achieved by way of incorporating the appropriate amount of inductive compensation in combination with the capacitive compensation for the 36-45 pair combination.
- internal layer 3 shows a portion of the current carrying traces of conductor 3 and conductor 5 . These traces are arranged over a portion of their length in a parallel fashion which creates the appropriate amount of inductive coupling between these traces.
- Internal layer 4 FIG. 14 ) shows a portion of the current carrying traces of conductor 4 and conductor 6 .
- traces are arranged over a portion of their length in a parallel fashion which creates the appropriate amount of inductive coupling between these traces.
- the inductive coupling between traces 3 and 5 along with the inductive coupling between traces 4 and 6 comprises the necessary inductive compensation between the 36-45 pairs.
- the NEXT and FEXT requirements can be satisfied for pair combination 36-45.
- PCB 76 also incorporates a GND structure shown in FIG. 12 on the top and bottom layers 160 , 161 .
- Through-hole vias are positioned on PCB 76 to connect the top and bottom structures 160 , 161 . The position of these vias reduces crosstalk between the four pairs of conductors as the signals propagate through the circuit board. This is mainly important when the jack is operating in the high bandwidth mode.
- Another function of the GND structure on the PCB is to provide a continuous signal path between the cable and pair shields within the patch cord to the cable and pair shields within the horizontal cabling.
- communication system 46 is illustrated as a patch panel in FIG. 1 , alternatively it can be other active or passive equipment.
- passive equipment can be, but are not limited to, modular patch panels, punch-down patch panels, coupler patch panels, wall jacks, etc.
- active equipment can be, but are not limited to, Ethernet switches, routers, servers, physical layer management systems, and power-over-Ethernet equipment as can be found in data centers and or telecommunications rooms; security devices (cameras and other sensors, etc.) and door access equipment; and telephones, computers, fax machines, printers and other peripherals as can be found in workstation areas.
- Communication system 46 can further include cabinets, racks, cable management and overhead routing systems, and other such equipment.
- Cables 56 , 58 , 60 can be used in a variety of structured cabling applications including patch cords, zone cords, backbone cabling, and horizontal cabling, although the present invention is not limited to such applications.
- the present invention can be used in military, industrial, telecommunications, computer, data communications, marine and other cabling applications.
- the compensation circuitry for RJ45 mode can alternatively be orthogonal compensation circuitry (OCN) as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/681,480, filed on Nov. 20, 2012, entitled “COMPENSATION NETWORK USING AN ORTHOGONAL COMPENSATION NETWORK,” incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.
- OCN orthogonal compensation circuitry
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- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/889,723, filed Oct. 11, 2013, the subject matter of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- The present invention relates to the field of telecommunication jacks, and more specifically, to network jacks adapted for operating with more than one type of a plug.
- The use of electronic equipment such as personal computers, servers, and other network operable devices has continued to progress over the past decades. This progression has been accompanied by an increased need to transfer large amounts of data at ever-increasing speeds and the resulting requirement of a sufficiently powerful network infrastructure. One particular area of concentration within network infrastructure has been the plug/jack mating region together with the individual plug and jack components. It is within these components that increasingly offensive crosstalk often occurs at high bandwidths.
- As of today, the RJ45 connector has been one of the commonly used standards for making electrical connections within a network. While this standard is widely employed, the physical layout of electrical conductors in an RJ45 connector can cause increasing levels of crosstalk at higher bandwidths. To combat unwanted crosstalk, new plug/jack designs have been implemented. However, to ensure the ability to interface RJ45 components to new networks, it is desirable to have the new plug/jack designed be backwards compatible.
- U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 13/632,211 and 61/779,806, both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety, each describe a switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack that has a movable printed circuit board (PCB) which allows for two different modes of operation. A mode of operation is used when an RJ45 plug is inserted into the jack and supports a performance level up to Category 6A (CAT6A, 500 MHz). However, for higher performance and higher bandwidth (e.g. 2 GHz, 40 Gb/s) an alternate mode of operation is used. The alternate mode of operation is attained when an ARJ45 plug (compliant to IEC 60603-7-7 and IEC 61076-3-110) is inserted into the jack. An example of an ARJ45 plug is described in U.S. application Ser. No. 13/864,924 which is also herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. The long nose of the ARJ45 plug (as compared to an RJ45 plug) causes the PCB to move to an alternate position in the design of both the '211 and '806 patent applications and thus creates the secondary mode of operation.
- A communication connector has a housing for receiving a communication plug, a printed circuit within the housing, a switch which actuates the printed circuit board, and a translating crossbar which engages the switch. The printed circuit board is moved dependent upon a type of plug inserted. The movement of the circuit board can help to selectively engage one of two sets of circuit traces and groupings of contacts.
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FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a communication system using an RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack of the communication system ofFIG. 1 , according to an embodiment of the present invention, with an RJ45 plug inserted. -
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack ofFIG. 2 with an ARJ45 plug inserted. -
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack ofFIG. 2 . -
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the front nose assembly of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack ofFIG. 2 . -
FIG. 6 is a perspective cut-away view of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack ofFIG. 2 without any plugs inserted into the jack. -
FIG. 7 is a perspective cut-away view of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack ofFIG. 2 with an ARJ45 plug inserted into the jack. -
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the IDC assembly of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack ofFIG. 2 . -
FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the rear cap assembly of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack ofFIG. 2 . -
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the foil divider of the rear cap assembly ofFIG. 9 . -
FIG. 11 is an isometric view of the PCB of the RJ45/ARJ45 switchable jack ofFIG. 2 . -
FIGS. 12-14 are views of the various layers of traces for the PCB ofFIG. 11 . -
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the switching network and the compensation circuitry of the PCB ofFIG. 11 . - The present invention is a switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack suitable for both 10 Gb/s and 40 Gb/s performance.
-
FIG. 1 illustrates copper structuredcabling communication system 46 which includespatch panel 48 with switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jacks 50 andcorresponding RJ45 plugs 52 andARJ45 plugs 54. Respectivehorizontal cables 56 are terminated to switchable RJ45/ARJ45jacks 50,respective patch cables 58 are terminated toRJ45 plugs 52, and respective shieldedpatch cables 60 are terminated to ARJ45plugs 54. Once RJ45 plug 52 or ARJ45 plug 54 mates with switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 data can flow in both directions through these connectors. -
FIG. 2 illustrates switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 mated withRJ45 plug 52, rotated 180° about the central axis ofcable 56 relative to the orientation fromFIG. 1 . WhenRJ45 plug 52 is used with switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50, it is possible to obtain up to CAT6A performance. For higher performance and higher bandwidth (e.g. 2 GHz) ARJ45plug 54 must be used with switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 as shown inFIG. 3 , also rotated 180° about the central axis ofcable 56 relative to the orientation fromFIG. 1 . - Switchable RJ45/
ARJ45 jack 50, shown exploded inFIG. 4 , includesmetal housing 62,front nose assembly 120, PCB 76,IDC assembly 82, andrear cap assembly 122. -
Front nose assembly 120, shown exploded inFIG. 5 , includescrossbar 65 withplug grounding tabs 64. When ARJ45plug 54 is inserted into RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50,crossbar 65 pushes onrocker switch 66 which then pushesPCB 76 down into its high bandwidth mode (ARJ45). Springs 63 are compressed betweenmetal housing 62 androcker switch 66 such that it biases switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 to its RJ45 state when ARJ45plug 54 is withdrawn from switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 causing the rocker switch to pullPCB 76 up into its RJ45 position. Rocker switch 66 togglesswitchable jack 50 between the RJ45 and switched high bandwidth mode of operation based upon which type of plug is inserted. Hingepin 67 is inserted into frontPIC support structure 68 and holdsrocker switch 66. - Front
PIC support structure 68 also constrainsPICs 70 0-9 withcombs 69. PICs 70 1-70 8 are numbered in accordance with ANSI/TIA-568-C.2 and are used as signal transmission paths when an RJ45 plug is used.PICs PICs 72 are located physically in compliance with IEC 60603-7-7 and are supported by primePIC support structure 74.PICs 72 have region 73 which increases in width relative to the free end that interfaces with the plug contacts of ARJ45plug 54, and also includesbends 77 to bring region 73 closer tometal housing 62 for impedance matching. The increase in width increases capacitive coupling and helps bring the impedance of the differential pairs that usePICs 72 close to 100Ω. Without wider region 73, the impedance throughPICs 72 is above 100Ω (˜130Ω), which causes additional return loss. The extra width of region 73 increases capacitive coupling in that region betweenprime PICs prime PICs metal housing 62 to region 73 also provides a path for capacitive coupling that aids in bringing the impedance through this region close to 100Ω.PICs 72 are grounded during RJ45 mode of operation but used as signal transmission paths during high bandwidth mode. When in RJ45 mode, the signal transmission pairs are on 70 1, 70 2; 70 3, 70 6; 70 4, 70 5; and 70 7, 70 8. RemainingPICs PICs -
PICs PICs ARJ45 plug 54,PICs PICs additional contact surface 75 on the side for the purpose of providing a ground path forrocker switch 66. The use of thin material allowPICs 70 to have a relatively short electrical length. -
FIG. 6 depicts switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 in its RJ45 state wherecrossbar 65,rocker switch 66, andPCB 76 are in their RJ45 position. This natural state is unchanged when RJ45 plug 52 is inserted into switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50.FIG. 7 depicts switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 in its actuated state with ARJ45 plug 54 locked into place. When ARJ45 plug 54 is inserted into RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50, thenose 55 of ARJ45 plug engages and pushescrossbar 65. The motion ofcrossbar 65 is transferred torocker switch 66 atinterface 57 and causesrocker switch 66 to rotate abouthinge pin 67. The rotation ofrocker switch 66 drives the translation ofPCB 76 into its actuated high bandwidth state throughinterface 71. Compression springs 63 resist the rotation ofrocker switch 66 and therefore drive the opposite rotation when ARJ45 plug 54 is removed, returning RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50 to its natural RJ45 state. The potential energy insprings 63cause crossbar 65 to constantly exert force uponnose 55 ofARJ45 plug 54. That force pushes ARJ45 plug away untilplug latch 59 is mated againstlatch stop 61 ofhousing 62. An equivalent phenomenon exists when RJ45 plug 52 is used. The nose of RJ45 plug 52 engagescrossbar 65, but the nose is not long enough to drive the switching mechanism and activate the high bandwidth state. However,crossbar 65 still drives RJ45 plug 52 so that the plug latches mate against the latch stops 61 inhousing 62. The preload in the switch causes either ARJ45 plug 54 orRJ45 52 to be positioned such that the plug latch mates against the latch stops and therefore does not “float” inside of RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50. -
IDC assembly 82, shown exploded inFIG. 8 is composed ofIDC holder 84, four IDCs 78 1,4,6,7 and four IDCs 80 2,3,5,8.Vertical IDC isolator 86 and horizontal IDC isolator 140 from foil divider 124 (seeFIG. 9 ) inrear cap assembly 122 reduce internal crosstalk among the four signal pairs.Vertical IDC isolator 86 hascontact surfaces 136 that provide a ground path betweenPCB 76,housing 62, andgrounding contact 126. Mountingsnaps 138secure IDC assembly 82 tometal housing 62 andlocks nose assembly 120 andPCB 76 into position. -
Rear cap assembly 122 is shown exploded inFIG. 9 and is composed offoil divider 124, groundingcontact 126,conductor holder 128,strain relief collar 130,compression ring 132, andrear cover 88.Cable 56 is inserted throughrear cover 88 andcompression ring 132. The wire braid fromcable 56 is captured betweencompression ring 132 andstrain relief collar 130 resulting in a grounding path for the jack and strain relief for the cable. The four individually foiled pairs are then placed into the foil channels 144 (FIG. 10 ). One side offoil divider 124 has offsetslot 142 to accommodate the two foil pairs that cross over each other on the vertical plane, which is required to accommodate the end to end effect of twisted pair cabling. Groundingcontact 126 provides a ground path for the foil pairs in thefoil divider 124 with a compressive preload from groundingpads 146.Foil grounding pads 146 combined withfoil channels 144 infoil divider 124 provide a comprehensive 360 degree ground path around the circumference of the foil pairs. Comprehensive grounding of the foil helps high frequency performance, particularly with respect to the prevention of common mode coupling. Groundingcontact 126 also provides a ground path tovertical IDC isolator 86,foil divider 124,strain relief collar 130, andmetal housing 62 via grounding surfaces 148.Snaps 150secure conductor holder 128 ontofoil divider 124. Rear cover 88 snaps intometal housing 62 vialatches 89 to securerear cap assembly 122 to switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack 50. - PCB 76 (
FIGS. 11-15 ) includes two isolated networks, one for RJ45 mode and one for the switched high bandwidth mode, and translates by rocker switch 66 (FIGS. 5-7 ) based upon which plug is inserted. The network for the RJ45 mode contains all of the necessary compensation elements to effectively cancel the crosstalk effects of RJ45 plug 52 such that it is compliant to ANSI/TIA-568-C.2. The network for high bandwidth mode does not contain any compensation elements but rather contains 100Ω impedance matched differential pair traces that connectPICs FIG. 5 ) to respective IDCs 78 and 80 (FIG. 8 ). - The layout of
PCB 76 is realized in six layers as shown inFIGS. 12-14 , and as an isometric view inFIG. 11 .FIG. 15 is a schematic of the switching network onPCB 76 along with the crosstalk compensation onPCB 76. Top layer 160 (FIG. 12 ) provides contact pads to interface withPICS 70 and 72 (FIG. 5 ). Bottom layer 161 (FIG. 12 ) provides contact pads to interface with IDCs 78 and 80 (FIG. 8 ). When an ARJ45 plug is inserted into the jack,rocker switch 66positions PCB 76 such thatPICs pads 1P through 8P and GND ontop layer 160. Since an ARJ45 plug does not interface withPICs top layer 161 ofPCB 76. By connectingPICs PICs PICs PICs top layer 160connect pads 1P through 8P to through-hole vias which in turn are connected to traces onbottom layer 161. Onbottom layer 161, the traces are routed to contactpads 1P through 8P to interface with IDCs 78 and 80. This layout configuration completes the connection between the PICs and the IDCs when an ARJ45 plug is inserted into the jack. The contacts of an ARJ45 plug are arranged in a fashion such that there is a negligible amount of crosstalk between the pairs; therefore, no crosstalk compensation is required onPCB 76 during the high bandwidth mode of operation. - When an RJ45 plug is inserted into the jack,
rocker switch 66positions PCB 76 such thatPICs top layer 160. Traces ontop layer 160connect pads 1 through 8 to through-hole vias. For pairs 12 and 78, the through-hole vias are connected to traces onbottom layer 161 which are routed to contactpads pairs 36 and 45, the through-hole vias are connected to traces oninternal layers 3 and 4 (reference numbers FIG. 13 ) which are routed to additional through-hole vias. These through-hole vias are connected to traces onbottom layer 161 which are routed to contactpads Internal layers 2 and 5 (reference numbers FIG. 14 . This layout configuration completes the connection between the PICs and the IDCs when an RJ45 plug is inserted into the jack. - In addition to completing the connection, this layout configuration must also support appropriate coupling between pairs to appropriately cancel the crosstalk that exists in an RJ45 plug. In this embodiment, two stage crosstalk cancellation techniques, as may be found in Panduit's U.S. Pat. No. 8,137,141 (incorporated by reference as if fully setforth herein) and adapted to the mechanical/electrical characteristics of the present invention jack, can be employed to cancel the plug crosstalk between pairs 36-45, 36-12, and 36-78.
FIG. 12 shows the location of the crosstalk cancellation capacitors ontop layer 160. In this embodiment the coupling between conductors is implemented with discrete surface mount components. Capacitor C46 provides coupling betweenconductors conductors conductors conductors conductors conductors conductors conductors conductors conductors conductor 1 andconductor 4 to create the single stage of NEXT compensation between the 12 and 45 pairs. Capacitor C58 provides coupling betweenconductor 5 andconductor 8 to create the single stage of NEXT compensation between the 45 and 78 pairs. - In addition to providing NEXT compensation of RJ45 plugs,
PCB 76 must also provide appropriate coupling to satisfy the FEXT requirement for pair combination 36-45. This is achieved by way of incorporating the appropriate amount of inductive compensation in combination with the capacitive compensation for the 36-45 pair combination. InFIG. 13 ,internal layer 3 shows a portion of the current carrying traces ofconductor 3 andconductor 5. These traces are arranged over a portion of their length in a parallel fashion which creates the appropriate amount of inductive coupling between these traces. Internal layer 4 (FIG. 14 ) shows a portion of the current carrying traces ofconductor 4 andconductor 6. These traces are arranged over a portion of their length in a parallel fashion which creates the appropriate amount of inductive coupling between these traces. The inductive coupling betweentraces traces -
PCB 76 also incorporates a GND structure shown inFIG. 12 on the top andbottom layers PCB 76 to connect the top andbottom structures - Although
communication system 46 is illustrated as a patch panel inFIG. 1 , alternatively it can be other active or passive equipment. Examples of passive equipment can be, but are not limited to, modular patch panels, punch-down patch panels, coupler patch panels, wall jacks, etc. Examples of active equipment can be, but are not limited to, Ethernet switches, routers, servers, physical layer management systems, and power-over-Ethernet equipment as can be found in data centers and or telecommunications rooms; security devices (cameras and other sensors, etc.) and door access equipment; and telephones, computers, fax machines, printers and other peripherals as can be found in workstation areas.Communication system 46 can further include cabinets, racks, cable management and overhead routing systems, and other such equipment.Cables - The compensation circuitry for RJ45 mode can alternatively be orthogonal compensation circuitry (OCN) as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/681,480, filed on Nov. 20, 2012, entitled “COMPENSATION NETWORK USING AN ORTHOGONAL COMPENSATION NETWORK,” incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.
- While particular embodiments and applications of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise construction and compositions disclosed herein and that various modifications, changes, and variations may be apparent from the foregoing without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as described.
Claims (19)
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US15/028,039 US10559927B2 (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2014-10-10 | Switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack |
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US201361889723P | 2013-10-11 | 2013-10-11 | |
US201361889733P | 2013-10-11 | 2013-10-11 | |
PCT/US2014/060025 WO2015054566A1 (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2014-10-10 | Switchable rj45/arj45 jack |
US15/028,039 US10559927B2 (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2014-10-10 | Switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack |
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US20160254620A1 US20160254620A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 |
US20170170607A9 true US20170170607A9 (en) | 2017-06-15 |
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US15/028,039 Expired - Fee Related US10559927B2 (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2014-10-10 | Switchable RJ45/ARJ45 jack |
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CN107017489B (en) | 2016-01-28 | 2019-09-06 | 莫列斯有限公司 | Electric connector |
WO2018081712A1 (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-03 | Commscope Technologies Llc | Connector with capacitive crosstalk compensation |
US10547146B2 (en) | 2017-02-10 | 2020-01-28 | Sentinel Connector Systems, Inc. | Switched power over Ethernet connector |
US10938166B2 (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2021-03-02 | Sentinel Connector Systems, Inc. | Switched power over ethernet connector |
US11012765B2 (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2021-05-18 | Extreme Networks, Inc. | Methods and systems for managing connector arrays |
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US20160254620A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 |
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