US20170141599A1 - Battery conditioning apparatus - Google Patents
Battery conditioning apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20170141599A1 US20170141599A1 US15/356,452 US201615356452A US2017141599A1 US 20170141599 A1 US20170141599 A1 US 20170141599A1 US 201615356452 A US201615356452 A US 201615356452A US 2017141599 A1 US2017141599 A1 US 2017141599A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- conditioning apparatus
- loading
- pulses
- circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- H02J7/0093—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0069—Charging or discharging for charge maintenance, battery initiation or rejuvenation
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- B60L11/1861—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4242—Regeneration of electrolyte or reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00711—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with introduction of pulses during the charging process
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Tests Of Electric Status Of Batteries (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a battery conditioning apparatus for conditioning a battery. The apparatus includes a pulse generator circuit generating pulses applied to the battery. A loading circuit is separately and independently actuated from the pulse generator circuit to load the battery separately and independently whilst the pulses from the pulse generator circuit are applied to the battery for conditioning. Concurrently applying the pulses to and loading the battery results in improved battery conditioning when compared with known conditioning methods.
Description
- The present application is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/349,219, filed May 28, 2014, which is a National Stage of International Patent Application No. PCT/AU2012/001079, filed Sep. 10, 2012, which claims the benefit of AU 201194076, filed Oct. 3, 2011, whose disclosures are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety into the present distance.
- The present invention relates to a battery conditioning apparatus. The present invention has particular, although not exclusive application to automobile batteries.
- The reference to any prior art in this specification is not, and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that the prior art forms part of the common general knowledge.
- Battery conditioning apparatus' prevent or reverse the accumulation of lead sulphate on the electrodes of a lead-acid battery by generating electrical pulses that are applied to the terminals of the battery. It has been found that such conditioning apparatus' can significantly increase the operating life and efficiency of batteries.
- AU 2003249756 discloses a known battery conditioning apparatus including discrete circuit components. Undesirably, this apparatus only yields suitable conditioning performance for a particular battery voltage and therefore multiple models of the apparatus, with different component values, are required to accommodate for corresponding battery voltages.
- The preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an improved battery conditioning apparatus.
- According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery conditioning apparatus for conditioning a battery, the apparatus including:
-
- a pulse generator circuit generating pulses applied to the battery; and
- a loading circuit separately and independently actuated from the pulse generator circuit to load the battery separately and independently whilst the pulses from the pulse generator circuit are applied to the battery for conditioning.
- Concurrently applying the pulses to and loading the battery results in improved battery conditioning when compared with known conditioning methods.
- Optionally, the separate loading circuit provides a short circuit or virtual short circuit across the battery to facilitate conditioning of the battery. Optionally, the loading circuit periodically loads the battery. Optionally, the loading circuit loads the battery with a duty cycle of less than 1%. Optionally, the loading circuit loads the battery with a duty cycle of less than 0.5%. Optionally, the pulse generator circuit generating pulses with a duty cycle of about 50%.
- Optionally, the pulses have a frequency of greater than 1 kHz applied to the battery. Optionally, the pulses have a frequency of less than 10 kHz, and preferably 5 KHz.
- Optionally, the pulses are at a fixed frequency. Optionally, the pulse generator circuit includes a pulsing switch to generate the pulses. Optionally, the pulsing switch includes a Field Effect Transistor (FET) switch.
- Optionally, the loading circuit includes a loading switch to load the battery. Optionally, the loading switch includes a Field Effect Transistor (FET) switch. Optionally, the loading circuit further includes a diode in series with the loading switch. Optionally, the loading circuit further includes a serpentine etched board resistance.
- Optionally, the pulse generator circuit does not include an inductor, relying instead upon the inductance of the battery. Optionally, the concurrently generated pulses sweep between a frequency range.
- Optionally, the battery conditioning apparatus further includes a power supply circuit configured to receive power from any vehicle battery rated from 6 to 48V which is the battery being conditioned.
- Optionally, the battery conditioning apparatus further includes a processing controller which controls the respective pulse generator and loading circuits, the controller configured to separately and independently control the pulse generator circuit and loading circuit to concurrently apply the pulses to and load the battery.
- According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery conditioning apparatus method for conditioning a battery, the method including:
-
- applying pulses to the battery; and
- separately and independently loading the battery whilst applying the pulses to condition the battery.
- The battery conditioning apparatus may further include a power supply circuit for powering the apparatus from any vehicle battery (e.g. rated from 6 to 48V), without the need for different apparatus models to accommodate different battery voltages. The power supply circuit may include a voltage regulator and pre-regulator circuitry connected to the input of the voltage regulator. The pre-regulator circuitry may be configured to restricting the current flowing into the voltage regulator and suppress voltage pulses input to the voltage regulator.
- The battery conditioning apparatus may further include a user interface. The user interface may include a selector for selecting between conditional modes for said controlling of the apparatus. The user interface may include a display for displaying a selected mode of operation.
- The battery conditioning apparatus may further include a battery voltage sensor circuit for sensing the battery voltage. The conditional modes of operation may relate to the sensed battery voltage.
- The concurrently generated pulses and loading of the battery may both be performed at a fixed frequency. The fixed frequency may be between 1 kHz to 10 kHz, and preferably 5 kHz. Alternatively, the concurrently generated pulses and loading of the battery may sweep between 1 kHz to 10 kHz. The duty cycle of the loading of the battery may be based upon the sensed battery voltage.
- The loading circuit may provide a short (or virtual short) across the battery. The loading circuit may include a resistance etched on a printed circuit board (PCB) of the apparatus. The controller may be further configured to periodically perform a load test of the battery to ascertain the integrity of the battery. The battery conditioning apparatus may further include a display for displaying the result of the load test.
- The pulse generator circuit may not include an inductor, relying instead upon the inductance of the battery.
- According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for conditioning a battery, the method including the step of concurrently applying pulses to and loading the battery.
- The method may further include the step of conditionally applying the pulses to and loading the battery using the sensed voltage of the battery.
- The method may further include the step of periodically performing a load test of the battery.
- According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery conditioning apparatus for conditioning a battery, the apparatus including a power supply circuit for powering the apparatus from any vehicle battery, without the need for different apparatus models to accommodate different battery voltages.
- Preferred features, embodiments and variations of the invention may be discerned from the following Detailed Description which provides sufficient information for those skilled in the art to perform the invention. The Detailed Description is not to be regarded as limiting the scope of the preceding Summary of the Invention in any way. The Detailed Description will make reference to the following drawings:
-
FIGS. 1a through 1c are schematic diagrams of a battery conditioning apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. - According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a
battery conditioning apparatus 10 for conditioning a vehicle battery (not shown) coupled to terminals 12 a, 12 b as shown inFIG. 1a . Theapparatus 10 includes apulse generator circuit 14 for generating pulses to be applied to the battery. A high-current loading circuit 16 is also provided for loading the battery. Theapparatus 10 further includes acontroller 18 for controlling thepulse generator 14 andloading circuit 16 to concurrently apply the pulses to and load the battery which is an improvement over known conditioning methods. A detailed description of theapparatus 10 is provided below. - The
battery conditioning apparatus 10 further includes apower supply circuit 20 for powering the apparatus from any battery rated from 6 and 48V, without the need for different apparatus models to accommodate different battery voltages. Thepower supply circuit 20 includes a voltage regulator U1 and pre-regulator circuitry including zener diodes D2, D3. The pre-regulator circuitry is connected to the input of the voltage regulator U1 and is configured to restrict the current flowing into the voltage regulator U1 to minimise battery current drain. The pre-regulator circuitry also suppresses voltage pulses input to the voltage regulator U1. - The
battery conditioning apparatus 10 further includes auser interface 30. Theuser interface 30 includes a action switch selector S1 for selecting between various conditional modes (i.e.modes 1 to 3 below) for controlling theapparatus 10. Thebattery conditioning apparatus 10 further includes a batteryvoltage sensor circuit 32 including voltage divider R2, RA2C for sensing the voltage of the battery and providing feedback viainput port 3 of microprocessor U4 ofcontroller 18. The conditional modes of operation relate to the sensed battery voltage. - The
user interface 30 also includes a light emitting diode (LED) display for displaying a selected mode of operation of theapparatus 10. The LED display includes three mode LEDs D6 to D8 which are actuated by thecontroller 18 in accordance with the mode of operation of theapparatus 10 as indicated below: -
- Mode 1:
controller 18 controls thepulse generator 14 andloading circuit 16 to concurrently apply the pulses to and load the battery provided that the sensed battery voltage is above 10.5V (for a 12V vehicle battery). That is, theconditioning apparatus 10 conditions the vehicle battery all the time unless the battery is low and needs to be preserved. - Mode 2:
controller 18 controls thepulse generator 14 andloading circuit 16 to concurrently apply the pulses to and load the battery when the sensed battery voltage is between 10.5V and 12.8V (for a 12V vehicle battery). That is, theconditioning apparatus 10 conditions the battery when the vehicle engine is not running. - Mode 3:
controller 18 controls thepulse generator 14 andloading circuit 16 to concurrently apply the pulses to and load the battery when the sensed battery voltage is above 12.8V (for a 12V vehicle battery). That is, theconditioning apparatus 10 conditions the battery when the vehicle engine is running.
- Mode 1:
- The high
current loading circuit 16 provides a short (or virtual short) across the battery when thecontroller 18 actuates field effect transistor (FET) switch Q2. Theloading circuit 16 includes a serpentine resistance (not shown) etched on a printed circuit board (PCB) of theapparatus 10. Thecontroller 18 is further configured to actuate the switch Q2 and periodically perform a load test of the battery every twenty-one hours to ascertain the integrity of the battery. - The load test involves actuating switch Q2 for 5 milliseconds and sensing the battery voltage with
sensing circuit 32. Load currents through Q2 of approx. 20 Amps and 40 Amps are present in 12V and 24V vehicle battery systems respectively. The load test is a pass if the sensed battery voltage drop during the load test is less than 2 V and is otherwise a fail. - The
battery conditioning apparatus 10 further includes a load test display for displaying the result of the load test. The load test display includes a green load test pass LED D9 which thecontroller 18 illuminates responsive to a load test pass, and a red load test fail LED D5 which thecontroller 18 illuminates responsive to a load test failure. - During battery conditioning, the concurrently generated pulses and loading of the battery may both be performed at a fixed frequency of between 1 kHz to 10 kHz, and preferably 5 kHz. The duty cycle of the loading of the battery with the
loading circuit 16 is based upon the sensed vehicle battery voltage as follows: -
Battery voltage Loading circuit duty cycle 6 V and 12 V 0.4% 24 V 0.2% 36 V and 48 V 0.1% - The
controller 18 actuates the FET switch Q1 of thepulse generator circuit 14 with a 50% duty cycle. Thepulse generator circuit 14 does not include an inductor, and instead relies upon the internal inductance of the battery to generate the pulses applied to the battery. - The concurrent controlling of the
pulse generator 14 andloading circuit 16 to concurrently apply the pulses to and load the battery results in a desirable resultant waveform applied to the battery for improved conditioning. By short circuiting the battery with theloading circuit 16, the internal inductance of the battery advantageously causes “kicking back” of the applied pulses which is an improvement over known conditioning methods. - The
apparatus 10 includes a resettable fuse F1 (or polyswitch), an external replaceable fuse F2 and up to four internal fuses F3 to F6. - A person skilled in the art will appreciate that many embodiments and variations can be made without departing from the ambit of the present invention.
- In one embodiment, the concurrently generated pulses and loading of the battery may continuously sweep between 1 kHz to 10 kHz during conditioning of the battery.
- In compliance with the statute, the invention has been described in language more or less specific to structural or methodical features. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to specific features shown or described since the means herein described comprises preferred forms of putting the invention into effect.
Claims (20)
1. A battery conditioning apparatus for conditioning a battery, the apparatus including:
a pulse generator circuit generating pulses applied to the battery; and
a loading circuit separately and independently actuated from the pulse generator circuit to load the battery separately and independently whilst the pulses from the pulse generator circuit are applied to the battery for conditioning.
2. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the separate loading circuit provides a short circuit or virtual short circuit across the battery to facilitate conditioning of the battery.
3. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the loading circuit periodically loads the battery.
4. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the loading circuit loads the battery with a duty cycle of less than 1%.
5. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the loading circuit loads the battery with a duty cycle of less than 0.5%.
6. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the pulse generator circuit generating pulses with a duty cycle of about 50%.
7. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the pulses have a frequency of greater than 1 kHz applied to the battery.
8. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the pulses have a frequency of less than 10 kHz, and preferably 5 KHz.
9. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the pulses are at a fixed frequency.
10. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the pulse generator circuit includes a pulsing switch to generate the pulses.
11. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the pulsing switch includes a Field Effect Transistor (FET) switch.
12. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the loading circuit includes a loading switch to load the battery.
13. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the loading switch includes a Field Effect Transistor (FET) switch.
14. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the loading circuit further includes a diode in series with the loading switch.
15. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the loading circuit further includes a serpentine etched board resistance.
16. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the pulse generator circuit does not include an inductor, relying instead upon the inductance of the battery.
17. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the concurrently generated pulses sweep between a frequency range.
18. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further including a power supply circuit configured to receive power from any vehicle battery rated from 6 to 48V which is the battery being conditioned.
19. The battery conditioning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further including a processing controller which controls the respective pulse generator and loading circuits, the controller configured to separately and independently control the pulse generator circuit and loading circuit to concurrently apply the pulses to and load the battery.
20. A method for conditioning a battery, the method including:
applying pulses to the battery; and
separately and independently loading the battery whilst applying the pulses to condition the battery.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/356,452 US20170141599A1 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2016-11-18 | Battery conditioning apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2011904076 | 2011-10-03 | ||
AU2011904076A AU2011904076A0 (en) | 2011-10-03 | An Improved Battery Conditioning Apparatus | |
PCT/AU2012/001079 WO2013049879A1 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2012-09-10 | An improved battery conditioning apparatus |
US201414349219A | 2014-05-28 | 2014-05-28 | |
US15/356,452 US20170141599A1 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2016-11-18 | Battery conditioning apparatus |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/AU2012/001079 Continuation WO2013049879A1 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2012-09-10 | An improved battery conditioning apparatus |
US14/349,219 Continuation US9531200B2 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2012-09-10 | Battery conditioning apparatus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20170141599A1 true US20170141599A1 (en) | 2017-05-18 |
Family
ID=48043112
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/349,219 Expired - Fee Related US9531200B2 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2012-09-10 | Battery conditioning apparatus |
US15/356,452 Abandoned US20170141599A1 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2016-11-18 | Battery conditioning apparatus |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/349,219 Expired - Fee Related US9531200B2 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2012-09-10 | Battery conditioning apparatus |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US9531200B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2764601A4 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2012321042B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013049879A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11646566B2 (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2023-05-09 | Lear Corporation | Apparatus for permanent supply with a switch |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012215755A1 (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2014-03-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Low-voltage network with DC-DC converter and method for testing a low-voltage battery |
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2012
- 2012-09-10 US US14/349,219 patent/US9531200B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-09-10 AU AU2012321042A patent/AU2012321042B2/en active Active
- 2012-09-10 EP EP12838264.5A patent/EP2764601A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-09-10 WO PCT/AU2012/001079 patent/WO2013049879A1/en active Application Filing
-
2016
- 2016-11-18 US US15/356,452 patent/US20170141599A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20090136829A1 (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2009-05-28 | Sy-Ruen Huang | Method and apparatus for reducing lead sulfate compound used in lead-acid battery |
US7928698B2 (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2011-04-19 | Spx Corporation | Battery charging apparatus and method |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11646566B2 (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2023-05-09 | Lear Corporation | Apparatus for permanent supply with a switch |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US9531200B2 (en) | 2016-12-27 |
WO2013049879A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
AU2012321042A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
US20140327388A1 (en) | 2014-11-06 |
AU2012321042B2 (en) | 2016-02-11 |
EP2764601A4 (en) | 2015-05-06 |
EP2764601A1 (en) | 2014-08-13 |
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