US2016171A - Base for objects and method of attaching same - Google Patents

Description

J. K. MATTER ET AL BASEFOR OBJECTS AND METHOD OF ATTACHING SAME Filed Sepi. 16, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORS ATTUR N EY.

am l, 1935- J. K. MATTER En' AL BASE FCR OBJECTS AND METHOD OF ATTACHING SAME Filed Sept. -l6, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Oct. 1 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BASE FOR OBJECTS AND METHOD OF ATTACHNG SAME Application September 16, 1932, Serial No. 633,470

l Claims.

This invention relates to bases for objects and to a method of attaching such bases. More speciiically, it relates to bases for cylindrical containers and especially to bases for cylindrical vessels which are provided with curved or spherical bottoms to facilitate cleaning, Withstand pressure, or serve other ends.

Containers and vessels of many types such as pitchers, vases, bottles, and other storage and dispensing receptacles, for example, are frequently made cylindrical in shape, and cylindrical containers of metal, wood, glass, ceramic Ware, and other materials are well known. In some instances it is desirable for a variety of reasons that the lower or bottom end, and sometimes both ends, of such vessels be curved, preferably in the shape of a spherical section. A curved or spherical bottom is advantageous in many types of containers, as well as other objects, as it is frequently easier to form and easier to clean than would be the case if the bottom were flat and had relatively sharp corners at its edges. The curved bottom also frequently improves the appearance of the object, and in the case of containers for liquids and the like such a bottom facilitates Withdrawal of the contents while the container is in an upright position, either' by siphoning out of the top or draining from the bottom, as the last part of the contents is then conned to a space of smaller area and greater depth than would be the case if the bottom were flat. A further advantage, which applies particularly to containers such as siphon bottles, bottles or cylinders for compressed or liquefied gases or solutions of gases, and other tanks, retorts and the like which must withstand considerable gaseous or hydrostatic pressure, is that a container with curved walls, and especially with cylindrical or spherical walls, will withstand greater pressure without distortion or rupture, and consequently without special reinforcing, than a container of equal volume but having at or plane walls of the same thickness and unit strength.

Many of the vessels and other objects which it is desirable to provide with a spehical end or ends for one or more of the reasons enumerated hereinabove, or for other reasons, are generally used, or allowed to stand when not in use, in a substantially vertical or upright position. This can be provided for in the case of some bottles and other articles which are adapted to production by casting, by the simple expedient of providing molds and cores of suitable form to produce an article which is externally flat on the bottom but curved to the desired shape within.

This expedient is not always feasible or possible, however, as cast containers are not satisfactory for all purposes and containers can not be cast from all materials. Pressure resistant vessels, for example, are preferably rolled, drawn, spun, 5 or formed by some other method whereby the metal is hardened, strengthened, and made more" `dense than when it is in the cast condition. Even in the case of vessels which are not necessarily highly pressure resistant, it is frequently preferable to employ some method of fabrication Whereby thinner or stronger or more intricately shaped walls can be formed than is feasible by casting. Consequently, it is frequently necessary to provide containers and other obj ects having spherical or otherwise curved bottoms with bases whereby they may be stood or used in an upright position.

An additional advantage of such bases is that they may readily be so proportioned as to oifer' greater resistance to overturning the articles to which they are attached than would a plane, flat bottom. For this reason even articles with fiat bottoms are sometimes desirably provided with bases.

The requirements of such bases may vary con 25 siderably according to the nature of the article with which they are to be used. In bases for large heavy objects, for example, strength and' rigidity may be the characteristics which are chiefly-desired, while appearance is of less importance; but in small vases, pitchers, and similar articles for decorative use, dining service, etc., the design and appearance of the base may be of paramount importance, While relatively little strength is needed. There are also many objects such as large bottles and pitchers, decanters, Siphon bottles and the like which, because of their size and weight or because of the nature of their use must be provided with bases of considerable strength and durability, while because their function is usually at least partially decorative. their bases must be attractive in appearance.

The requirements of bases for articles of this third class are therefore more difficult of fullment than the requirements of bases for articles of the two classes previously mentioned, these requirements being, in a measure, combined in the case of the third class of articles. lt is therefore obvious that bases suitable for use with this class of articles are suitable for use with either of the other classes with very little, if any, modication and therefore, for the sake of convenience and brevity, our invention will be described with special reference to the application of bases to an article of Vthis third class, namely, a siphon bottle or Seltzer bottle.

An object of our invention is to provide an improved base for cylindrical or other .objects and a method of attaching the base to such objects.

Another' object of our invention is to provide a strong, attractive, and economically manufactured base f-or siphon bottles and other objects with curved or spherical bottoms, and a simple and economical method of attaching such. bases.

Our invention has for further objects such other operative advantages and results as are found to obtain in the article and method described and claimed herewith.

In order that our invention may be more readily understood it will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. l is a vertical sectional view of one type of base adapted to attachment to curved objects in accordance with our invention; Y

Fig. 2 is an elevational view of a portion of a cylindrical object prepared for attachment of a base in accordance with our invention;

Fig. 3 is a View partly in elevation and partly in vertical section of a portion of a cylindrical container with a base attached thereto; and

Fig. 4 is an elevational view of a siphon. bottle Y with a base of the preferred type attached thereto.

In the practice of our invention weprefer to employ bases of sheet aluminum or other suitable metal, drawn or otherwise pre-formed to substantially the desired shape and size. A base, generally designatedras IS, of the type shown in Fig. l, for example, is readily formed from sheet aluminum or the like in a few known operations. These may consist of one or more (usually two) Straight drawing operations, an inverting operation whereby the inturned portion or cup H of the base is turned back inside of the remainder of the base and an upstanding collar I2 of double thickness is formed, and -a trimming operation which leaves a skirt M'of uniform depth at the bottom of the base, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. l. This skirt may be left in this position, but it is usually preferable to roll it into a bead. E6, with or without a reinforcing wire I1, and this step may be combined with the trimming step or performed as a subsequent operation. In the inverting operation, the dies used are preferably of such shape that the inner wall orband I9 of the collar I2 and the interior of the inverted portion l l are in substantial conformity with the lower part of the outer wall and the curved bot'- tom, respectively, of the object to which the base is to be attached. For greater stability, the base is preferably of greater circumference at its bottom than at its top, as shown in the drawings.

The body 2| of the siphon bottle or other object, Which is preferably cylindrical and has a curved bottom, is prepared for attachment of the base as shown in Fig. 2 by knurling a circumferential strip 22 near the bottom of the side wall of the object and within the zone covered by the collar l2 of the base l. This knurling may be done mech-anically andvery rapidly in known manner. The effect of the knurling operation is to cut small teeth in the surface and raise them up by displacement, thereby slightly increasing the over-all diameter of the object at the point of knurling.

The object is then inserted in the base with the knurled strip 22 aligned with the collar l2, as shown in Fig. 3. While thus aligned, the collar is subjected to a rolling or spinning operation which draws the base into intim-ate contact with 'metallic Siphon bottle.

the object and forces the inner wall |'9 of the collar into the knurled strip 22, whereby Vthe base is rmly secured to the bottle 2l or vother object. The outer wall or band of the collar is also forced into contact with the inner wall, and strengthens 5 the connection by providing a collar of double thickness. In some instances, as when sufficient pressure is applied by a roller of proper shape, the inner' wall of the collar is given a curved shape by the rolling, as shown at 24 in Fig. 3, 10 and this curve or indentation locks the base more tightly against relative slippage' or separation of the base and the object. The curve is reproduced to a lesser extent or not at all in the outer wall of the collar, and if necessary a second rolling 15 operation may be resorted to in order to leave this outer wall perfectly straight and uncurved. Another advantage is thus realized by having a collar of double thickness, namely, that a very strong, rigid, locking contact between the base 2O and the object can be produced by indenting the inner wall of the collar into the knurling without .detracting from the appearance of the base as the indentation is concealed by the outer wall of the collar. 25

In some vessels to which bases are attached in the manner described, such as Siphon bottles or cylinders and the like from which liquids or gases are discharged under pressure or by siphoning, Vit is desirable to provide the bottom of 30 the vessel with a raised portion or indentation 2S below a discharge tube 28 to prevent the discharge of any sediment which may collect in the bot-tomof the vessel. This may readily be done without interfering with the application 35 of the base or detracting from the appearance of the assembled vessel, as shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 4 illustrates one application of `our improved base in connection with a rechargeable In this application, the 40 base Hl is formed and attached to the body 2| of the bottle in the manner described hereinabove. At the upper end of the bottle 2| is a neck 30, which is preferably threaded, to which is detachably connected a head or head member 45 32. This head comprises a valve (not shown) controlled by a lever 33 to permit discharge of the contents of the bottle through the outlet 34, and a connection 35 which is usually provided with a check valve or similar device, whereby 50 gas such as carbon dioxide can be introduced into the bottle to charge the contents thereof in known manner.

While our Yinvention has been described with special reference to a preferred embodiment and 5 a preferred application thereof, it is obvious that certain changes can be made in the form of the base and the method of attaching it without departing from the spirit of our invention, and it is our intention to cover inthe claims such modications as are included within the scope thereof'.

We claim as our invention:

l. A base for objects, comprising an outer sheet-metal wall enclosing a greater area at its lower edge than at i-ts top and having at its top a substantially vertical portion, and an inner wall constituting an inturned continuation of the outer wall and surrounded( thereby, said inner wall havingat its ltop a vertical portion substantially parallel with the vertical portion of said outer wall and with a portion of the side wall of the object which it engages, and having a downwardly extending continuation adapted to intimately contact the entire integral bottom of the object.

2. In a base for a cylindrical object, a collar comprising two coaxial vertical bands of sheet metal integrally connected at the top, the inner band of said collar being of substantially the same diameter as the said object and being provided with a continuation adapted to enclose and intimately engage the entire integral bottom of the object, and the outer band of said collar being provided with a continuation of downwardly increasing diameter.

3. The method of attaching a base to an object, which comprises knurling a portion of the side walls of the object near the bottom thereof, inserting the lower part of the object into a sheet metal base pre-formed to enclose the bottom and at least ythe knurled portion of the side walls thereof and provided with a collar consisting of two coaxial bands, the inner of which contacts the knurled portion of the object, and applying pressure to the exterior of the collar to force the inner band thereof into intimate engagement with the knurled portion of the object.

Il. rIhe method of attaching a base to a cylindrical object, which comprises knurling a circumferential strip around the side wall of the object near the lower edge thereof, inserting the lower part of the object into a sheet metal base pre-formed to enclose the bottom and at least the knurled portion of the side walls of the object and provided at its upper extremity with a collar consisting of two integrally connected substantially vertical concentric bands, the inner of which is adapted to contact the knurled strip on the said object, and applying pressure to the exterior of the collar to force the inner band thereof into locking engagement with the knurled strip.

5. In an object provided with a base, said base being provided at its top with a collar consisting of two substantially parallel integrally connected bands surrounding the object concentrically, a joint connecting said base to said object comprising knurling on a portion of the surface of- 5 said object in contact with said collar, and the inner band of said collar partially indented into said knurling, the indentation being concealed by the outer band of said collar.

6. A cylindrical object firmly connected to a base having a greater bottom diameter than the object to which it is attached, said base having at its upper edge a sheet metal collar consisting of two concentric and substantially parallel bands integrally connected at the top, and said object having at least a portion of its surface which is enclosed by the base provided with knurling, the inner band of said collar being indented into the knurling to rmly secure Ithe base to the object, and the indentation of the inner band being concealed by the outer band.

7. A rechargeable metallic siphon bottle comprising a cylindrical body with a curved bottom and provided at the top with a neck of smaller diameter, a head detachably connected to the neck and provided with means whereby the contents of the bottle are charged and discharged, and a base enclosing the bottom of thev body and iirinly attached thereto and having a bottom diameter greater than the diameter of the body, Said base terminating at its upper edge in a substantially Vertical collar consisting of two concentric and substantially parallel sheet metal bands integrally connected at the top, the inner of said bands being indented into a knurled portion of the surface of the bottle body, and the indentation being concealed by the outer of said bands.

JAMES K. MATTER. JOSEPH T. WEINZIERL.

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