US20160250030A1 - Negative-positive pressurizable implant - Google Patents
Negative-positive pressurizable implant Download PDFInfo
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- US20160250030A1 US20160250030A1 US15/149,292 US201615149292A US2016250030A1 US 20160250030 A1 US20160250030 A1 US 20160250030A1 US 201615149292 A US201615149292 A US 201615149292A US 2016250030 A1 US2016250030 A1 US 2016250030A1
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- implant
- internal chamber
- porous
- pressure gradient
- rubber stopper
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/40—Joints for shoulders
- A61F2/4014—Humeral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic humeral shafts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/28—Bones
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/40—Joints for shoulders
- A61F2/4003—Replacing only the epiphyseal or metaphyseal parts of the humerus, i.e. endoprosthesis not comprising an entire humeral shaft
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/28—Bones
- A61F2002/2817—Bone stimulation by chemical reactions or by osteogenic or biological products for enhancing ossification, e.g. by bone morphogenetic or morphogenic proteins [BMP] or by transforming growth factors [TGF]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30331—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
- A61F2002/30332—Conically- or frustoconically-shaped protrusion and recess
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30593—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for hollow
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30667—Features concerning an interaction with the environment or a particular use of the prosthesis
- A61F2002/30677—Means for introducing or releasing pharmaceutical products, e.g. antibiotics, into the body
- A61F2002/3068—Means for introducing or releasing pharmaceutical products, e.g. antibiotics, into the body the pharmaceutical product being in a reservoir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30667—Features concerning an interaction with the environment or a particular use of the prosthesis
- A61F2002/30691—Drainage means, e.g. for evacuating blood or other fluids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30878—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves with non-sharp protrusions, for instance contacting the bone for anchoring, e.g. keels, pegs, pins, posts, shanks, stems, struts
- A61F2002/30884—Fins or wings, e.g. longitudinal wings for preventing rotation within the bone cavity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2002/3092—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth having an open-celled or open-pored structure
-
- A61F2002/4025—
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
- A61F2250/0023—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in porosity
- A61F2250/0024—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in porosity made from both porous and non-porous parts, e.g. adjacent parts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
- A61F2250/0067—Means for introducing or releasing pharmaceutical products into the body
- A61F2250/0068—Means for introducing or releasing pharmaceutical products into the body the pharmaceutical product being in a reservoir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
- A61F2250/0069—Sealing means
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to a pressurizable implant, at least a portion of which may be composed of a porous or mesh-like material, and more specifically to an implant adapted to create a pressure differential that is configured to encourage tissue ingrowth and/or to allow materials such as medicines, antibiotics, growth factors and blood platelets to be introduced at or around the implantation site.
- biomedical implants sometimes contain one or more porous surface. In essence, these surfaces function as scaffolds, which provide desirable load-bearing strength at the implantation site as a result of the ingrown tissue.
- porous implants may also undesirably introduce microbes and metabolic agents into the implantation site, thereby increasing the potential for an infection to develop. Not only is the risk of infection increased, but the presence of toxins, wound drainage fluid and other substances within the implantation site may further hinder the positive effects of the ingrowth if they become trapped inside the porous material.
- the present invention is intended to improve upon and resolve some of these known deficiencies of the art.
- a pressurizable implant comprises a body and at least one porous arm extending from and interconnected to the body.
- the at least one porous arm is configured to accommodate a pressure gradient that is created by a device removably connectable to the body.
- a system for pressurizing an implant comprises a body having an internal chamber, at least one porous arm extending from and interconnected to the internal chamber via a channel or duct, an airtight seal, and a device configured to removably couple to the airtight seal to distribute a pressure gradient across the at least one porous arm.
- a method of distributing a pressure gradient across an implant during a surgical procedure comprises the steps of providing an implant having a body, an internal chamber and at least one porous arm extending from and interconnected to the internal chamber via a channel or duct; placing an airtight seal in the internal chamber; connecting a device to the airtight seal; and actuating the device to create a pressure differential across at least a portion of the implant.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a pressurizable implant in accordance with the teachings of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a front, cross-sectional view of the pressurizable implant taken along line 2 - 2 of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is a front, cross-sectional view of another pressurizable implant in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an implanted pressurizable implant in accordance with the teaching of the present invention, the implant accommodating a pressure gradient as a user actuates a syringe connected to the implant;
- FIG. 5 is a front, cross-sectional view of a pressurizable implant in accordance with the present invention and having a humeral head component that is to be fitted into the implant during implantation;
- FIG. 6 is a front, cross-sectional view of the pressurizable implant of FIG. 5 after the humeral head component has been fitted into the implant;
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a patient's shoulder having a pressurizable implant in accordance with the teachings of the present invention implanted therein together with a humeral head component.
- the pressurizable implant 10 is generally defined by a housing or body 12 that has an inner surface 14 and an outer surface 16 .
- a plurality of arms or fins 18 are arranged around the outer surface 16 of the body 12 , and, in accordance with certain embodiments, are formed entirely of a porous material that extends from the inner surface 14 of the body 12 to the outer surface 16 .
- the porous material is comprised of a metal selected from one or more of stainless steel, titanium, titanium alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys and other materials that are suited for use in a biocompatible environment.
- the body 12 of the implant 10 may also be formed of a porous material
- the body 12 is at least partially formed of a non-porous material, such as stainless steel, titanium, titanium alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys and other materials that are suited for use in a biocompatible environment.
- a non-porous material such as stainless steel, titanium, titanium alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys and other materials that are suited for use in a biocompatible environment.
- the size and shape of the implant can depend on the specific implantation procedure being conducted on the patient. In certain embodiments, however, the body 12 is cylindrical and has an opening at its top to accommodate an internal chamber 20 .
- FIG. 2 a front, cross-sectional view of the pressurizable implant 10 taken along line 2 - 2 of FIG. 1 is shown.
- the arms or fins 18 are interconnected to the internal chamber 20 of the body 12 by way of one or more channels or ducts 22 .
- the channels or ducts 22 are sized so that they accommodate and facilitate the ingrowth of surrounding bony and soft tissues by allowing a pressure gradient to be created and distributed across the implant.
- the average pore size of the disclosed porous material may be from about 100 microns to about 700 microns, and the average porosity may be from about 40% to about 80%.
- FIG. 3 shows a front, cross-sectional view of another pressurizable implant 10 in accordance with the present invention.
- the plurality of arms or fins 18 are formed of a porous material, as well as include a series of branched channels 24 that extend from the inner surface 14 of the body 12 to the outer surface 16 .
- the porous material is comprised of a metal selected from one or more of stainless steel, titanium, titanium alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys and other materials that are suited for use in a biocompatible environment.
- the arms or fins 18 of the implant 10 may be formed of a porous material
- the arms or fins 18 may also be formed of a non-porous or partially porous material, wherein the branched channels 24 are etched or formed within the arms or fins 18 as desired.
- the channels 24 can be specifically designed to mimic the natural vascular shape and structure found within the human body.
- the branched channels 24 can be designed to mimic specific orientations, it is possible to isolate where pharmacological agents are delivered into the body relative to these channels.
- known techniques such as additive manufacturing processes can be used.
- the arms or fins 18 of the present invention are configured to create and distribute a pressure differential or gradient by way of a device that is capable of altering the associated pressurization properties of the implant 10 .
- the implant device 10 is placed inside a humerus 40 as part of a shoulder procedure, and a syringe 30 is connected to the implant 10 device by way of a tube 32 .
- a seal 34 e.g., a rubber stopper or similar device
- the tube 32 is advanced into a channel or bore that passes through the seal 34 and exits into the internal chamber 20 .
- a user actuates the plunger 31 of the syringe 30 by pulling it upward, air within the chamber 20 and the arms or fins 18 is removed, evacuated or sucked from the implant 10 , thereby creating and distributing a negative pressure gradient across the implant 10 and its arms or fins 18 .
- This negative pressure gradient created across the implant system facilitates and encourages (into the implant and its porous arms), the ingrowth of surrounding bony and soft tissues.
- fluid, toxins, microbes and other metabolic or biologic components can be drained from the implantation site, thereby reducing associated infection risks, as well as promoting post-surgical healing.
- the present invention is also configured to create and distribute across the implant 10 a positive pressure gradient in accordance with certain embodiments.
- a seal 34 e.g., a rubber stopper or similar device
- a tube 32 is connected to a syringe 30 and then advanced into a channel or bore that passes through the seal 34 and then exits into the internal chamber 20 .
- the arms or fins 18 are configured to act as a manifold for distributing a pharmacological agent throughout the implantation site.
- the syringe 30 is capable of delivering a pharmacological agent through the airtight seal 34 and into the internal chamber 20 , where the agent can in turn leach out into the arms or fins 18 to displace bodily fluids and toxins occupying the interstitial spaces in the arms and fins 18 , thereby reducing or eliminating an environment in which microbes and metabolic products can develop and infect the implantation site.
- pharmacological agents can be used in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, including, but not limited to, one or more of medicines, antibiotics, growth factors and blood platelets.
- the biological pressure gradients that can be created in accordance with the present invention not only enhance post-surgical recovery and healing (e.g., by assisting with wound closure and the application of suction forces for draining bodily fluids and exudates), but they also directly counter the onset of infectious conditions.
- the pressure gradients may also be used to irrigate wound sites by infusing them with the various pharmacological agents discussed above.
- FIGS. 5-7 illustrate the use of the pressurizable implant device 10 as part of a stemless shoulder system.
- a humeral head component 50 is fitted inside a top portion of the internal chamber 20 of the body 12 .
- the humeral head component 50 is shaped to fit into the same space that the airtight seal 34 would temporarily reside when a user is pressurizing the implant as described above.
- the humeral head component 50 is fitted into the implant (see FIG. 6 ) and then surgically implanted into the humerus 40 as a pressurized shoulder prosthesis (see FIG. 7 ).
- a biological surface coating e.g., a titanium porous plasma spray (PPS®) surface coating or a biomimetic coating (e.g., BoneMaster® coating), both of which are commercially available from Biomet
- PPS® titanium porous plasma spray
- a biomimetic coating e.g., BoneMaster® coating
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
A pressurizable implant, comprising a body and at least one porous arm extending from and interconnected to the body, the at least one porous arm being configured to accommodate a pressure gradient that is created by a device removably connectable to the body.
Description
- This application is related and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61,533,374 filed on Sep. 12, 2011, the complete and entire disclosure of which is hereby expressly incorporated by reference herein.
- The present invention generally relates to a pressurizable implant, at least a portion of which may be composed of a porous or mesh-like material, and more specifically to an implant adapted to create a pressure differential that is configured to encourage tissue ingrowth and/or to allow materials such as medicines, antibiotics, growth factors and blood platelets to be introduced at or around the implantation site.
- To promote and encourage the ingrowth of surrounding bony and soft tissues, biomedical implants sometimes contain one or more porous surface. In essence, these surfaces function as scaffolds, which provide desirable load-bearing strength at the implantation site as a result of the ingrown tissue.
- While many implants have surfaces conducive to bony ingrowth, the depth of ingrowth penetration associated with these devices is not only limited by various biological factors, but is also limited by the fact that the ingrowth must be achieved without mechanical assistance. Moreover, in addition to promoting bony and soft tissue ingrowth, porous implants may also undesirably introduce microbes and metabolic agents into the implantation site, thereby increasing the potential for an infection to develop. Not only is the risk of infection increased, but the presence of toxins, wound drainage fluid and other substances within the implantation site may further hinder the positive effects of the ingrowth if they become trapped inside the porous material.
- To minimize the increased threat of infection, biological pressure gradients are sometimes utilized during the surgical process. These pressure gradients not only enhance post-surgical recovery and healing (e.g., by assisting with wound closure and the application of suction forces for draining bodily fluids and exudates), but they also directly counter the onset of infectious conditions. Finally, they may also be used to irrigate wound sites by infusing them with pharmacological agents, such as medicines, antibiotics, growth factors and blood platelets.
- The present invention is intended to improve upon and resolve some of these known deficiencies of the art.
- In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a pressurizable implant is provided and comprises a body and at least one porous arm extending from and interconnected to the body. The at least one porous arm is configured to accommodate a pressure gradient that is created by a device removably connectable to the body.
- In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a system for pressurizing an implant is provided. According to this aspect of the invention, the system comprises a body having an internal chamber, at least one porous arm extending from and interconnected to the internal chamber via a channel or duct, an airtight seal, and a device configured to removably couple to the airtight seal to distribute a pressure gradient across the at least one porous arm.
- In accordance with still another aspect of the present invention, a method of distributing a pressure gradient across an implant during a surgical procedure is provided. According to this embodiment, the method comprises the steps of providing an implant having a body, an internal chamber and at least one porous arm extending from and interconnected to the internal chamber via a channel or duct; placing an airtight seal in the internal chamber; connecting a device to the airtight seal; and actuating the device to create a pressure differential across at least a portion of the implant.
- Other objects and benefits of the invention will become apparent from the following written description along with the accompanying figures.
- The above-mentioned aspects of the present invention and the manner of obtaining them will become more apparent and the invention itself will be better understood by reference to the following description of the embodiments of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
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FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a pressurizable implant in accordance with the teachings of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a front, cross-sectional view of the pressurizable implant taken along line 2-2 ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is a front, cross-sectional view of another pressurizable implant in accordance with the teachings of the present invention; -
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an implanted pressurizable implant in accordance with the teaching of the present invention, the implant accommodating a pressure gradient as a user actuates a syringe connected to the implant; -
FIG. 5 is a front, cross-sectional view of a pressurizable implant in accordance with the present invention and having a humeral head component that is to be fitted into the implant during implantation; -
FIG. 6 is a front, cross-sectional view of the pressurizable implant ofFIG. 5 after the humeral head component has been fitted into the implant; and -
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a patient's shoulder having a pressurizable implant in accordance with the teachings of the present invention implanted therein together with a humeral head component. - The embodiments of the present invention described below are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed in the following detailed description. Rather, the embodiments are chosen and described so that others skilled in the art may appreciate and understand the principles and practices of the present invention.
- Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although any method and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention, the specific methods and materials are now described. Moreover, the techniques employed or contemplated herein are standard methodologies well known to one of ordinary skill in the art and the materials, methods and examples are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting. Furthermore, while the present teachings for the disclosed pressurizable implant are sometimes described in association with a humeral head component and shoulder prosthesis, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present teachings may be incorporated into various other orthopedic implants for a human body such as knee, hip, and other joints. Therefore, it is to be understood that the present illustrative embodiments are not meant to limit the present invention.
- The following detailed description, beginning with
FIG. 1 , illustrates a pressurizable implant device constructed in accordance with the present teachings and generally identified byreference numeral 10. Thepressurizable implant 10 is generally defined by a housing orbody 12 that has aninner surface 14 and anouter surface 16. A plurality of arms orfins 18 are arranged around theouter surface 16 of thebody 12, and, in accordance with certain embodiments, are formed entirely of a porous material that extends from theinner surface 14 of thebody 12 to theouter surface 16. In certain specific embodiments, the porous material is comprised of a metal selected from one or more of stainless steel, titanium, titanium alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys and other materials that are suited for use in a biocompatible environment. While it should be understood and appreciated herein that thebody 12 of theimplant 10 may also be formed of a porous material, in accordance with certain aspects of the present invention, thebody 12 is at least partially formed of a non-porous material, such as stainless steel, titanium, titanium alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys and other materials that are suited for use in a biocompatible environment. It should also be understood and appreciated herein that the size and shape of the implant can depend on the specific implantation procedure being conducted on the patient. In certain embodiments, however, thebody 12 is cylindrical and has an opening at its top to accommodate aninternal chamber 20. - Referring now to
FIG. 2 , a front, cross-sectional view of thepressurizable implant 10 taken along line 2-2 ofFIG. 1 is shown. As can be appreciated from this illustration, the arms orfins 18 are interconnected to theinternal chamber 20 of thebody 12 by way of one or more channels orducts 22. It should be understood herein that those of skill in the art can vary the specific size, number and orientation of the associated channels orducts 22, particularly as these properties will largely be dependent upon the specific implantation procedure being performed. However, as will be discussed below, in accordance with certain aspects of the present invention, the channels orducts 22 are sized so that they accommodate and facilitate the ingrowth of surrounding bony and soft tissues by allowing a pressure gradient to be created and distributed across the implant. In accordance with certain specific aspects of the present invention, the average pore size of the disclosed porous material may be from about 100 microns to about 700 microns, and the average porosity may be from about 40% to about 80%. -
FIG. 3 shows a front, cross-sectional view of anotherpressurizable implant 10 in accordance with the present invention. In accordance with this alternative aspect of the present invention, the plurality of arms orfins 18 are formed of a porous material, as well as include a series ofbranched channels 24 that extend from theinner surface 14 of thebody 12 to theouter surface 16. In certain specific embodiments, the porous material is comprised of a metal selected from one or more of stainless steel, titanium, titanium alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys and other materials that are suited for use in a biocompatible environment. While it should be understood and appreciated herein that the arms orfins 18 of theimplant 10 may be formed of a porous material, in accordance with certain aspects of the present invention, the arms orfins 18 may also be formed of a non-porous or partially porous material, wherein thebranched channels 24 are etched or formed within the arms orfins 18 as desired. Those of skill in the art should understand and appreciate herein that one of the specific benefits of the branched channel configuration shown inFIG. 3 is that thechannels 24 can be specifically designed to mimic the natural vascular shape and structure found within the human body. In addition, because thebranched channels 24 can be designed to mimic specific orientations, it is possible to isolate where pharmacological agents are delivered into the body relative to these channels. To design thechannels 24 in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, those of skill in the art will understand that known techniques such as additive manufacturing processes can be used. - With reference to
FIG. 4 , the arms orfins 18 of the present invention are configured to create and distribute a pressure differential or gradient by way of a device that is capable of altering the associated pressurization properties of theimplant 10. Here, theimplant device 10 is placed inside ahumerus 40 as part of a shoulder procedure, and asyringe 30 is connected to theimplant 10 device by way of atube 32. To create and distribute a negative pressure gradient across theimplant 10, a seal 34 (e.g., a rubber stopper or similar device) is placed inside or on top of theinternal chamber 20 so that it seals against theinner surface 14 of thebody 12, thereby creating an airtight seal. In turn, thetube 32 is advanced into a channel or bore that passes through theseal 34 and exits into theinternal chamber 20. When a user actuates theplunger 31 of thesyringe 30 by pulling it upward, air within thechamber 20 and the arms orfins 18 is removed, evacuated or sucked from theimplant 10, thereby creating and distributing a negative pressure gradient across theimplant 10 and its arms orfins 18. This negative pressure gradient created across the implant system facilitates and encourages (into the implant and its porous arms), the ingrowth of surrounding bony and soft tissues. Moreover, in the negative pressure gradient mode, fluid, toxins, microbes and other metabolic or biologic components can be drained from the implantation site, thereby reducing associated infection risks, as well as promoting post-surgical healing. - In addition to the negative pressure gradient mode, the present invention is also configured to create and distribute across the implant 10 a positive pressure gradient in accordance with certain embodiments. To create and distribute a positive pressure gradient across the
implant 10, a seal 34 (e.g., a rubber stopper or similar device) is placed inside theinternal chamber 20 so that it seals against theinner surface 14 of thebody 12, thereby creating an airtight seal. In turn, atube 32 is connected to asyringe 30 and then advanced into a channel or bore that passes through theseal 34 and then exits into theinternal chamber 20. When a user actuates theplunger 31 of thesyringe 30 by pushing it downward, liquid can be introduced into thechamber 20 and the arms orfins 18 and ultimately pushed out of theimplant 10, thereby creating and distributing a positive pressure gradient across theimplant 10 and its arms orfins 18. In a positive pressure gradient mode, the arms orfins 18 are configured to act as a manifold for distributing a pharmacological agent throughout the implantation site. En other words, thesyringe 30 is capable of delivering a pharmacological agent through theairtight seal 34 and into theinternal chamber 20, where the agent can in turn leach out into the arms orfins 18 to displace bodily fluids and toxins occupying the interstitial spaces in the arms andfins 18, thereby reducing or eliminating an environment in which microbes and metabolic products can develop and infect the implantation site. It should be understood and appreciated herein that various types of pharmacological agents can be used in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, including, but not limited to, one or more of medicines, antibiotics, growth factors and blood platelets. - As mentioned above, the biological pressure gradients that can be created in accordance with the present invention not only enhance post-surgical recovery and healing (e.g., by assisting with wound closure and the application of suction forces for draining bodily fluids and exudates), but they also directly counter the onset of infectious conditions. Moreover, the pressure gradients may also be used to irrigate wound sites by infusing them with the various pharmacological agents discussed above.
- As is also mentioned above, the disclosed pressurizable implants of the present invention are intended to be useful for various orthopedic procedures, including, but not limited to, shoulders, knees, hips, and various other joints.
FIGS. 5-7 , for instance, illustrate the use of thepressurizable implant device 10 as part of a stemless shoulder system. In accordance with this illustration, ahumeral head component 50 is fitted inside a top portion of theinternal chamber 20 of thebody 12. In essence, thehumeral head component 50 is shaped to fit into the same space that theairtight seal 34 would temporarily reside when a user is pressurizing the implant as described above. After the appropriate pressure gradient has been created and distributed across the implant, thehumeral head component 50 is fitted into the implant (seeFIG. 6 ) and then surgically implanted into thehumerus 40 as a pressurized shoulder prosthesis (seeFIG. 7 ). - It should be understood and appreciated herein that while the present disclosure includes various embodiments showing the biological pressure gradients being created with a standard syringe device, other devices capable of achieving a negative and/or positive pressure gradient may also be used including, but not limited to, standard operating room suction devices, air pumping apparatuses, vacuum devices, etc. Accordingly, the present invention is not intended to be limited herein.
- It should also be understood and appreciated herein that in accordance with certain aspects of the present invention, it may be desirable to utilize a biological surface coating (e.g., a titanium porous plasma spray (PPS®) surface coating or a biomimetic coating (e.g., BoneMaster® coating), both of which are commercially available from Biomet), with the porous or nonporous surfaces to create a barrier to particulate debris (metallic, polyethylene or PMMA) and/or to further promote and increase the fixation of the bony ingrowth.
- While an exemplary embodiment incorporating the principles of the present invention has been disclosed hereinabove, the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Instead, this application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention using its general principles. Further, this application is intended to cover such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which this invention pertains and which fall within the limits of the appended claims.
Claims (19)
1-15. (canceled)
16. A method of distributing a pressure gradient across an implant, the method comprising:
providing an implant having a body, an internal chamber and at least one porous arm extending from and interconnected to the internal chamber via a channel or duct;
placing an airtight seal in the internal chamber;
connecting a device to the airtight seal; and
actuating the device to create a pressure differential across at least a portion of the implant.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein connecting the device to the airtight seal comprises:
connecting a syringe to the airtight seal.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein creating the pressure differential comprises:
distributing a negative pressure gradient across the at least one porous arm by removing air through the airtight seal upon actuating the syringe.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein creating the pressure differential comprises:
distributing a positive pressure gradient across the at least one porous arm by delivering a pharmacological agent through the airtight seal upon actuating the syringe.
20. The method of claim 16 , further comprising:
removing the airtight seal from the implant.
21. The method of claim 19 , wherein the pharmacological agent includes at least one of medicines, antibiotics, growth factors and blood platelets.
22. The method of claim 16 , wherein the airtight seal is a rubber stopper.
23. The method of claim 16 , wherein the body is shaped as a cylinder and defines a longitudinal axis.
24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the implant includes a plurality of porous arms interconnected to the body at a single location along the longitudinal axis.
25. A method for distributing a negative pressure gradient across an implant, the method comprising:
providing an implant having a body, an internal chamber and at least one porous arm extending from and interconnected to the internal chamber via a channel or duct;
placing a rubber stopper at least partially within the internal chamber;
connecting a syringe to the rubber stopper; and
pulling on a plunger of the syringe to remove air through the rubber stopper, thereby distributing a negative pressure gradient across the at least one porous arm.
26. The method of claim 25 , further comprising:
removing the rubber stopper from the implant.
27. The method of claim 25 , wherein the body is shaped as a cylinder and defines a longitudinal axis.
28. The method of claim 27 , wherein the implant includes a plurality of porous arms interconnected to the body at a single location along the longitudinal axis.
29. A method for distributing a positive pressure gradient across an implant, the method comprising:
providing an implant having a body, an internal chamber and at least one porous arm extending from and interconnected to the internal chamber via a channel or duct;
placing a rubber stopper at least partially within the internal chamber;
connecting a syringe to the rubber stopper;
pushing on a plunger of the syringe to deliver a pharmacological agent through the rubber stopper, thereby distributing a positive pressure gradient across the at least one porous arm.
30. The method of claim 29 , further comprising:
removing the rubber stopper from the implant.
31. The method of claim 29 , wherein the pharmacological agent includes at least one of medicines, antibiotics, growth factors and blood platelets.
32. The method of claim 29 , wherein the body is shaped as a cylinder and defines a longitudinal axis.
33. The method of claim 32 , wherein the implant includes a plurality of porous arms interconnected to the body at a single location along the longitudinal axis.
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US15/149,292 US20160250030A1 (en) | 2011-09-12 | 2016-05-09 | Negative-positive pressurizable implant |
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CN114502106A (en) | 2019-10-01 | 2022-05-13 | 赫迈迪卡奥斯特尼克斯公司 | Shoulder prosthesis components and assemblies |
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US20130211539A1 (en) | 2013-08-15 |
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