US20160131855A1 - Optical interconnection assemblies and systems for high-speed data-rate optical transport systems - Google Patents
Optical interconnection assemblies and systems for high-speed data-rate optical transport systems Download PDFInfo
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- US20160131855A1 US20160131855A1 US14/987,900 US201614987900A US2016131855A1 US 20160131855 A1 US20160131855 A1 US 20160131855A1 US 201614987900 A US201614987900 A US 201614987900A US 2016131855 A1 US2016131855 A1 US 2016131855A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/3873—Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls
- G02B6/3885—Multicore or multichannel optical connectors, i.e. one single ferrule containing more than one fibre, e.g. ribbon type
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/3895—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs identification of connection, e.g. right plug to the right socket or full engagement of the mating parts
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Abstract
Fiber optic assemblies and systems for high-speed data-rate optical transport systems are disclosed that allow for optically interconnecting active assemblies to a trunk cable in a polarization-preserving manner. The fiber optic assembly includes at least first and second multifiber connectors each having respective pluralities of first and second ports that define respective pluralities of at least first and second groups of at least two ports each. The first and second multifiber connectors are capable of being disposed so that the at least first and second groups of ports are located on respective termination sides of each ferrule. The fiber optic assembly also has a plurality of optical fibers that connect the first and second ports according to a pairings method that maintains polarity between transmit and receive ports of respective active assemblies. At least one of the first and second groups are optically connected without flipping the fibers.
Description
- This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/559,070 filed on Jul. 26, 2012, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/486,473 filed on Jun. 17, 2009, the content of both applications being incorporated herein by reference.
- The present disclosure relates to optical fiber networks, and in particular to optical interconnection methods for high-speed data-rate optical transport systems that use multifiber connectors.
- Some conventional optical fiber networking solutions for high-speed data-rate optical transport systems utilize 12-fiber (12f) connector assemblies and often have a point to point configuration. The conservation of fiber polarity (i.e., the matching of transmit and receive functions for a given fiber) is addressed by flipping fibers in one end of the assembly just before entering the connector in an epoxy plug, or by providing “A” and “B” type break-out modules where the fiber is flipped in the “B” module and “straight” in the “A” module. Polarity preserving optical interconnection assemblies that provide fiber optic interconnection solutions for multifiber connectors in a network environment are discussed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,758,600 and 6,869,227, which patents are assigned to the present assignee or its affiliate and which patents are incorporated by reference herein.
- Storage Area Networks (SANs) utilize SAN directors having high-density input/output (“I/O”) interfaces called “line cards.” Line cards hold multiple optical active assemblies such as transceivers that convert optical signals to electrical signals and vice versa. The line cards have connectors with transmit ports {0T, 01T, 02T, . . . } and receive ports {0R, 01R, 02R, . . . } into which network cabling is plugged. The number of ports per line card can generally vary, e.g., 16-, 24-32- and 48-port line cards are available.
- For high-speed data-rate optical transport systems, such as 100 gigabit (100G) optical fiber networks, one of the anticipated line-card connector interfaces is a 24-fiber multi-fiber push-on (MPO) connector, such as an MTP® connector. This is potentially problematic because existing network systems and some planned for high-speed data-rate optical transport systems are based on 12-fiber MPO connectors. Likewise, if 24-fiber trunk connections are implemented, 24-fiber to 24-fiber patch cords that provide a connection that maintains fiber polarity between active assemblies such as transceivers would facilitate high-speed data-rate optical transport systems implementation.
- An exemplary aspect of the disclosure is a fiber optic assembly for a high-speed data-rate optical transport system. The assembly includes at least first and second multifiber ferrules, with each multifiber ferrule having a mating face for mating to another mating face of an optical connector, and a termination face for receiving optical fiber. Each ferrule has a plurality of optical fiber receiving areas that are arranged in at least first and second groups of two or more fiber receiving areas. The fiber receiving areas of each ferrule have fiber receiving holes formed in each ferrule, the holes extending from the mating face to the termination face so that each the holes are associated with the at least first and second groups. Respective ends of the optical fibers are optically secured in at least some of the holes of each of the first and second groups. The fibers form respective groups of optical fibers that optically interconnect the fiber receiving areas from the termination side of the first ferrule to the termination side of the second ferrule. Some of the optical fibers extend from the first ferrule to the second ferrule in a direct orientation so that the fiber receiving areas of each ferrule are optically interconnected without flipping the fibers.
- Another exemplary aspect of the disclosure is a fiber optic assembly for a high-speed data-rate optical transport system having active assemblies each with transmit and receive ports. The fiber optic assembly includes at least first and second multifiber connectors each having respective pluralities of first and second ports that define respective pluralities of at least first and second groups of at least two ports each. The first and second multifiber connectors are capable of being disposed so that the at least first and second groups of ports are located on respective termination sides of each ferrule. The fiber optic assembly also includes a plurality of optical fibers that connect the first and second ports according to a pairings method that maintains polarity between the transmit and receive ports of the active assemblies. At least one of the first and second groups are optically connected without flipping the fibers.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art twenty-four-fiber (24f) fiber optic “trunk” cable having two connectors with “key up” configurations; -
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram similar toFIG. 1 , but further including two 24f connectors associated with system active assemblies (not shown), illustrating how the system as shown fails to provide a connection having the proper transmit/receive polarity between the active assemblies; -
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FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the system ofFIG. 3 , illustrating the various connector ports in more detail; -
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FIG. 8 is an end-on view of active-assembly-wise 24f connector of an optical fiber interconnection assembly illustrating how the connector ports can be divided up into different groups; -
FIG. 9 is an end-on view ofcable-wise 2×24f connectors of an optical fiber interconnection assembly illustrating how the connector ports can be divided up into different groups; -
FIG. 10 is an end-on, key-up view of the active-assembly-wise 24f connector of an optical fiber interconnection assembly, showing an example of how the fibers in the top and bottom rows run left to right according to the color code Blue, Orange . . . Aqua, i.e., “B→A”; -
FIG. 11 shows a schematic representation of the refractive index profile of a cross-section of the glass portion of an embodiment of a multimode optical fiber; -
FIG. 12 is a schematic representation (not to scale) of a cross-sectional view of the optical fiber ofFIG. 11 ; -
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a high-speed data-rate optical transport system similar to that ofFIG. 3 , but that utilizes a 24f fiber optic cable and 24f patch cords; -
FIG. 14 is similar toFIG. 5 , but represents the system ofFIG. 13 ; -
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- It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description present embodiments of the disclosure, and are intended to provide an overview or framework for understanding the disclosure as it is claimed. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, and are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings are not necessarily to scale.
- Reference is now made in detail to the embodiments of the disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Whenever possible, like or similar reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to refer to like or similar parts. The letters “L” and “R” in the reference numbers denote “left” and “right” to distinguish between the same or like parts in different sections of an apparatus, system, assembly or network, and are used in the same manner as “first” and “second” and thus are not intended as being limiting as to position.
- It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are merely examples, each incorporating certain benefits of the present disclosure. Various modifications and alterations may be made to the following examples within the scope of the present disclosure, and aspects of the different examples may be mixed in different ways to achieve yet further examples. Accordingly, the scope of the disclosure is to be understood from the entirety of the present disclosure, in view of but not limited to the embodiments described herein.
- An aspect of the present disclosure is directed to optical fiber interconnection (or “conversion”) assemblies configured to convert or otherwise interconnect multifiber connectors. Multifiber connectors considered herein by way of example are twenty-four-fiber (“24f”) connectors and twelve-fiber (“12f”) connectors. In an example embodiment, the multifiber connectors comprise multifiber ferrules. The ferrules each have a mating face for mating to another optical fiber connector and a termination side for connection to optical fibers of an optical fiber cable. One example optical fiber interconnection assembly is configured to connect a 24f connector having twenty-four ports to two 12f connectors each having twelve ports. This interconnection assembly is referred to generally as a “24f2×12f assembly.” Another example optical fiber interconnection assembly is configured to convert or otherwise interconnect one 24f connector to another 24f connector. This interconnection assembly is referred to generally as a “24f24f assembly.”
- The optical interconnection assemblies of the present disclosure can be embodied in a variety of different forms, such as an individually formed enclosure with one or more walls in module form (e.g., a stamped-formed metal box), a flexible substrate with optical fibers associated therewith, a cable section, as an optical fiber harness or bundles of arrayed optical fibers and connectors, as an optical fiber patch cord, or in fiber-optic cabling generally. The interconnection assemblies can include combinations of the foregoing. Aspects of the disclosure include cable systems that use the interconnection assemblies described herein.
- The term “harness” as used herein means a collection of optical fibers, including fibers bound in groups or sub-groups as by a wrapping, adhesive, tying elements, or other suitable collecting fixtures or assemblies, or fibers that are unbound, for example, loose optical fibers without tying elements. The harness fibers may be arranged in the form of optical fiber ribbons, and the optical fiber ribbons are collected together by one or more tying elements or enclosed in a section of fiber optic cable.
- The term “patch cord” as used herein is a collection of one or more optical fibers having a relatively short length (e.g., 2-4 meters), connectors at both ends, and that is typically used to provide for front-panel interconnections within an electronics rack, optical cross connect, or fiber distribution frame (FDF).
- The term “trunk” means a fiber optic cable that carries multiple optical fibers (typically 4 to 96 fibers) and that connects assemblies over distances longer than that associated with patch cords, such as between electronics racks, rooms, buildings, central offices, or like sections of a network.
- The term “port” is a fiber receiving area, i.e., a place where an optical fiber can be inserted or connected to another optical fiber.
- Example multifiber connectors used in the assemblies and cables described below are epoxy and polish compatible MPO or MTP® connectors, for example, part of Corning Cable Systems' LANScape® connector solution set. Such connectors provide a very high fiber density and contain multiple optical paths arranged in a generally planar array. The optical paths are immediately adjacent to at least one other optical path for optical alignment with the optical fibers in an optical fiber cable. The multifiber connectors are designed for multi-mode or single-mode applications, and use a push/pull design for easy mating and removal. The multifiber connectors considered herein can be the same size as a conventional SC connector, but provide greater (e.g., 12×) fiber density, advantageously saving cost and space. Multifiber connectors can include a key for proper orientation for registration with any required optical adapters. The key can be configured as “key up” or “key down.” Certain multifiber connectors such as MTP connectors may also include guide pins and guide holes that serve to align the optical fibers when the two connectors are engaged.
- An optical connector adapter (not shown) may be used to manage the fiber connections. However, other connection schemes can be used, such as a ribbon fan-out kit.
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- The assemblies, systems and methods described herein are directed generally to high-speed data-rate optical transport systems, e.g., systems that can optically transport information at rates such as between 10 gigabits (10G) and 120G. In a typical high-speed data-rate optical transport system, there are multiple channels, with each channel capable of supporting a select data rate, with the overall data rate determined by the data rate of the channels multiplied by the number of channels used. For example, a typical channel for a high-speed data-rate optical transport system can support 10G communication, so for a twelve-channel system, the communication data rate can be adjusted in multiples of 10G from 10G to 120G. With the addition of more channels, or different data rates per channels, other data rates are obtained. Thus, there is a range of options for the particular system data rate, with 40G and 100G being possibilities.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of afiber optic cable 10 in the form of a 24f trunk cable (“24f trunk”) having twomultifiber connectors 20, e.g., right and leftconnectors connector 20 hasports 22 arranged in two rows of twelve and that are color-coded using industry-accepted color-coding scheme {B, O, G, Br, S, W, R, Bk, Y, V, Ro, A}={Blue, Orange, Green, Brown, Slate, White, Red, Black, Yellow, Violet, Rose and Aqua}. The direction of the color-coding scheme is indicated inFIG. 1 (as well as inFIG. 2 ) by the notation “B→A”.Ports 22 are connected by corresponding color-coded optical fiber sections (“fibers”) 36, with only two fibers being shown for the sake of illustration. -
Connectors 20 havekeys 32, and the twoconnectors Fiber optic cable 10 is configured “key up to key up,” so that the top and bottom rows of eachconnector 20 are respectively connected to their matching color-codedport 22 viafibers 36. Where necessary,individual fibers 36 are identified as 36-1, 36-2, etc.Connectors respective ports 22L and 22R. -
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram similar toFIG. 1 , but further including two active assembly connectors 41 (e.g., 41R and 41L) associated with respective active assemblies (not shown), such as transceivers.Active assembly connectors right connectors ports 42. The upper row of twelveactive assembly ports 42 are receive ports {0R, 1R, . . . 11R}, while the lower row ofactive assembly ports 42 are transmit ports {0T, 1T, . . . 11T}. Active assembly connectors 41 are by necessity arranged “key down” so that they can mate with the respective “key up” fiberoptic cable connectors 20. The color-coding is thus A→B left to right. However, this configuration prevents fiberoptic cable connectors 20 from patching directly into active assembly connectors 41 because the polarity of the connections between the transmit and receive ports of the active assembly connectors will not be maintained. A similar problem arises when trying to use afiber optic cable 10 having two 12f cable sections and two 12f connectors at each cable end. -
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an example embodiment of an example high-speed data-rate optical transport system (“system”) 100 that includes two example 24f2×12f assemblies 110.System 100 includes respectiveactive assemblies 40 with the aforementioned connectors 41, and afiber optic cable 10 having two12f cable sections 11A and 11B each terminated at their respective ends by multifiber connectors 20A and 20B having respective twelve ports 22A and 22B.System 100 may be, for example, part of an optical fiber network, such as a LAN or a SAN at an optical telecommunications data center. An example active assembly is a transceiver, such as multichannel, high-data-rate (e.g., 10G/channel) transceiver. -
System 100 includes first and second 24f2×12f assemblies patch cord 110L” and “patch cord 110R”, or more generally as “patch cord 110”) that each connect the two12f cable sections 11A and 11B to their respective active assembly connectors 41.FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an example coiled 24f2×12f patch cord. Eachpatch cord 110 includes a24f cable section 126 terminated by amultifiber connector 130 configured to connect to active assembly connector 41.Patch cord connector 130 and its ports (described below) are thus referred to as being “active-assembly-wise.” Eachpatch cord 110 also includes first and second12f cable sections multifiber connectors connectors 12f cable sections 24f cable section 126 via afurcation member 150. The24f cable section 126 carries twenty-four fibers 36 (see inset inFIG. 3 ) while 12fcable sections fibers 36. In example embodiments,furcation member 150 is a rigid ferrule or a flexible tube having about the same diameter as24f cable section 126. - The
fibers 36 inpatch cords active assemblies system 100. The twenty-fourfibers 36 inpatch cords respective harnesses patch cords 110 are configured so that they can be used at either end ofsystem 100, i.e.,patch cords system 100.Example patch cords 110 are described in greater detail below. In an example embodiment,fibers 36 are bend-insensitive (or alternatively “bend resistant”) fibers, as described in greater detail below. -
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram ofsystem 100, whereinactive assembly 40L includes connector 41, such as 24f non-pinned MPO connectors, and whereinfiber optic cable 10 includes two pairs of connectors: 20AL and 20BL at one end and 20AR and 20BR at the other end. In an example embodiment,connectors 20 are 12f pinned MPO connectors. In an example embodiment,connectors 20 includemultifiber ferrules 21. -
Active assembly connector 41L is connected to fiber optic cable connectors 20AL and 20BL viapatch cord 110L, andactive assembly connector 41R is connected to fiber optic cable connectors 20AR and 20BR viapatch cord 110R. Patch-cord connector 130L connects toactive assembly connector 41L, and patch-cord connector 130R connects to MPOactive assembly connector 41R. Patch-cord connectors 140AL and 140BL connect to fiber optic cable connectors 20AL and 20BL, while patch-cord connectors 140AR and 140BR connect to fiber optic cable connectors 20AR and 20BR. In an example embodiment, active assembly connectors 41 include a multifiber ferrule 43, and patch-cord connectors 130 and 140 includerespective multifiber ferrules 131 and 141. - Patch-
cord connector 130L has ports 24NP(xL) and patch-cord connector 130R has ports 24NP(xR), where xL, xR denote the port numbers, for 1≦xL, xR≦24. Likewise, fiber optic cable connectors 20AL and 20BL have respective ports 12PAL(yAL) and 12PBL(yBL) for 1≦yAL, yBL≦12, while fiber optic cable connectors 20AR and 20BR have respective ports 12PAR(yAR) and 12PBR(yBR) for 1≦yAR, yBR<12. The letters “NP” and “P” in the connector reference numbers can in one example embodiment be understood to represent the case where the connectors having “no pins” and “pins,” respectively. Generally, however, the letters “NP” and “P” are simply used to distinguish between the ports of the different connectors without regard to the pin configuration. - The method of establishing a suitable universal port configuration for
harnesses 112 inpatch cords 110 is now described with reference toFIG. 5 . First, an initial (fiber) connection is made inpatch cord 110L between any active-assembly-wise port 24NPL(xL) and any cable-wise port 12PAL(yAL) or 12 PBL(yBL). An end-to-end pairings method between active-assembly-wise ports 24NPL(xL) and 24NPR(xR) of respective patch-cord connectors transceiver ports 42L 42R, i.e., 01T 01R, 02T 02R, etc.) allows for the initial port connections to be carried through fromactive assembly connector 41L toactive assembly connector 41R, i.e., from active-assembly-wise ports 24NPL(xL) ofpatch cord 110L to the corresponding active-assembly-wise ports 24NPR(xR) ofpatch cord 110R. - Note that
fiber optic cable 10 maps cable-wise ports 12PAL(yAL) and 12PBL(yBL) ofpatch cord 110L to ports 12PAR(yAR) and 12PBR(yBR) ofpatch cord 110R so that each cable-wise port in one patch cord is connected to a corresponding cable-wise port of the other patch cord. - Set out in Table 1 is an example active assembly pairings method that defines how active-assembly-wise ports 24NPL(xL) of patch-
cord connector 130L are mapped to active-assembly-wise ports 24NPR(xR) of patch-cord connector 130R in a manner that maintains polarity based on mapping the transmit and receive transceiver ports (01T 01R, 02T 02R, etc.) betweenactive assemblies -
TABLE 1 PAIRINGS TABLE 24NPL (xL) 24NPR (xR) /// 24NPL (xL) 24NPR (xR) 1 13 /// 13 1 2 14 /// 14 2 3 15 /// 15 3 4 16 /// 16 4 5 17 /// 17 5 6 18 /// 18 6 7 19 /// 19 7 8 20 /// 20 8 9 21 /// 21 9 10 22 /// 22 10 11 23 /// 23 11 12 24 /// 24 12 - The pairings method can be expressed as follows:
- From the pairings method, it is seen, for example, that patch cord port 24NPL(4), which is associated with
active assembly port 03R ofactive assembly connector 41L, is be connected to patch cord port 24NPR(16) ofactive assembly connector 41R which is associated withactive assembly port 03T (see alsoFIG. 4 ). Thus, afiber 36 from active-assembly-wise patch cord port 24NPL(4) that connects to cable-wise patch cord port 12PBL(4) is traced from patch cord port 12PBL(4) throughfiber optic cable 10 over to cable-wise patch cord port 12PBR(9) and is then connected by anotherfiber 36 to active-assembly-wise patch cord port 24NPR(16). This connection pathway is then repeated in the opposite direction from active-assembly-wise patch cord port 24NPR(4) to active-assembly-wise patch cord port 24NPL(16) to form a corresponding connection pathway. This process is repeated for the unused ports until there are no more port connections to be made. The result is a polarity preserving universal optical connection betweenactive assemblies -
FIG. 6 shows an example configuration ofharness 112 forsystem 100 ofFIG. 5 as established using the above-described method. The two harnesses 112L and 112R appear to have different configurations in the schematic representation shownFIG. 5 . This is due to using a 2-dimensional representation to describe what is in fact a 3-dimensional embodiment. However, one skilled in the art will understand that the harness configurations are in fact the same, so thatpatch cords fiber optic cable 10. This is illustrated inFIG. 7 , which is a perspective view of anexample harness 112 that connects multifiber patch-cord connectors 130 and 140. - In the example configuration of
patch cord 110L ofFIG. 6 , fibers 36-7 through 36-12 and 36-19 through 36-24 are routed to12f cable section 136A and fibers 36-1 through 36-6 and 36-13 through 36-18 are routed to12f cable section 136B. - In an example embodiment, patch-
cord connectors 12f cable sections cable section 136A, fibers 36-7 through 36-12 are connected to patch-cord connector ports 12PAL(6) through 12PAL(1), respectively, and fibers 36-19 through 36-24 are connected to patch-cord connector ports 12PAL(7) through 12PAL(12), respectively. Similarly, incable section 136B, fibers 36-1 through 36-6 connected to patch-cord connector ports 12PBL(1) through 12PAL(6), respectively, and fibers 36-13 through 36-18 are connected to patch-cord connector ports 12PAL(12) through 12PAL(7), respectively. This is the configuration shown schematically inFIG. 6 . In an example embodiment, patch-cord connectors -
FIG. 8 is an end-on view of active-assembly-wise 24f connector 130 illustrating how the connector ports 24NP can be divided up into a number of different groups G, such as groups G1 through G4. There are at least two ports per group G. Likewise,FIG. 9 is an end-on view ofcable-wise 12f connectors FIG. 8 . Also, two rows of six ports 12PA and two rows of six ports 12PB are shown forrespective connectors connectors - Also, the various groups G, G′ and G″ can be combined into larger groups. For example, groups G1 and G3 of multifiber ferrule 131L can be combined to form an upper group GU, and groups G2 and G4 can be combined to form a lower receiving area GL.
- With reference to
FIG. 5 throughFIG. 9 , an example embodiment of the invention is fiberoptic assembly 110 having amultifiber ferrule 131 at one end and two multifiber ferrules 141A and 141B at the other end.Multifiber ferrule 131 has one or more groups G of ports 24NP, while multifiber ferrules 141A and 141B respectively have one or more groups G′ and G″ of ports 12PA and 12PB.Multifiber ferrule 131 is arranged relative to multifiber ferrules 141A and 141B such thatfibers 36 can optically connect ports 24NP to ports 12PA or 12PB. In an example embodiment, multifiber ferrule 131R has upper and lower groups GU and GL of twelve ports 24PL, while multifiber ferrules 141A and 141B respectively have upper and lower groups G1′ and G2′ and G1″ and G2″ of six ports 12PA and six ports 12PB. - In an example embodiment, at least one group G, at least one group G′ and at least one group G″ has six ports. In an example embodiment, at least one group G, at least one group G′ and at least one group G″ has two ports. In an example embodiment, at least one group G has twelve ports.
- Groups G are said to be “directly facing” corresponding groups G′ and G″ if
multifiber ferrule 131 can be arranged substantially in opposition to multifiber ferrules 141A and 141B. This may mean, for example, thatharness 112 may be flexible (e.g., part of an optical fiber cable) and thus capable of being bent such thatmultifiber ferrule 131 and multifiber ferrules 141A and 141B can be placed in a number of relative orientations, including in opposition. Thus, in somecases fibers 36 can be connected to directly facing ports (e.g., port 24NPL(1) to 12PBL(1); seeFIG. 6 ) without having to “flip” the fiber, i.e., without having to connect the fiber to a non-directly facing group. In other cases,fibers 36 are connected to non-directly facing ports by “flipping” the fibers (e.g., port 24NPL(7) to 12PAL(6); seeFIG. 6 ). - In an example embodiment, ports 24NP of
multifiber ferrule 131 generally face ports 12PA and 12PB of multifiber ferrules 141A and 141B. The various groups G can be aligned with each other from one ferrule to the other, withfibers 36 extending from at least two groups G ofmultifiber ferrule 131 to at least two groups G′ and/or G″ of multifiber ferrules 141A and/or 141B, thereby defining at least two groups offibers 36 forharness 112. - In an example embodiment,
fibers 36 connect at least one group G to a directly facing group G′ or G″ without having to cross or “flip” the fibers. In addition, at least one group G is flipped as it extends to group G′ or G″. In other embodiments, at least one of groups G is connected directly across to an essentially directly facing group G′ or G″, but the faces of the ferrules need not be parallel to each other. In yet other embodiments, at least one subgroup G is connected to at least one other group G′ or G″ wherein the connectingfibers 36 are flipped, and the connected group G′ or G″ is not a directly facing group. - With reference again to
FIG. 3 , in an example embodiment ofpatch cord 110, the24f cable section 126 is a small-diameter interconnect cable containing twenty-four color-coded, e.g. 250 μm outside diameter,fibers 36.Fibers 36 are arranged within patch-cord connector 130 (e.g., within a connector ferrule, not shown) so that when viewing patch-cord connector 130 end on, such as shown inFIG. 10 , key-up fibers 36-1 through 36-12 that make up the top row and run left to right (from Blue, Orange . . . Aqua, i.e., “B→A”) while fibers 36-13 through 36-24 make up the bottom row and also run left to right as B→A. - As mentioned above, in an example embodiment,
fibers 36 for the various optical interconnection assemblies considered herein may comprise bend-resistant (bend insensitive) optical fibers. Such fibers are advantageous because they preserve and provide optical performance not attainable with conventional fibers. In an example embodiment,fibers 36 can be multimode fibers, for example bend-resistant fibers, which provide stability for higher order modes that are otherwise unstable even for short fiber lengths. Consequently, bend-resistant fibers 36 allow for bending for installation, routing, slack storage, higher density and the like, thereby allowing rugged installations both by the craft and untrained individuals. -
FIG. 11 shows a schematic representation of the refractive index profile of a cross-section of the glass portion of an embodiment of an exemplary multimode, bend-resistantoptical fiber 36 comprising aglass core 37 and aglass cladding 42, the cladding comprising an innerannular portion 38, a depressed-indexannular portion 39, and an outerannular portion 40.FIG. 12 is a schematic representation (not to scale) of a cross-sectional view of the optical fiber ofFIG. 11 . Thecore 37 has outer radius R1 and maximum refractive index delta Δ1MAX. The innerannular portion 38 has width W2 and outer radius R2. Depressed-indexannular portion 39 has minimum refractive index delta percent Δ3MIN, width W3 and outer radius R3. The depressed-indexannular portion 39 is shown offset, or spaced away, from the core 37 by the innerannular portion 38. Theannular portion 39 surrounds and contacts the innerannular portion 38. The outerannular portion 40 surrounds and contacts theannular portion 39. Theclad layer 42 is surrounded by at least onecoating 44, which may in some embodiments comprise a low modulus primary coating and a high modulus secondary coating. - The inner
annular portion 38 has a refractive index profile Δ2(r) with a maximum relative refractive index Δ2MAX, and a minimum relative refractive index Δ2MIN, where in some embodiments Δ2MAX=Δ2MIN. The depressed-indexannular portion 39 has a refractive index profile Δ3(r) with a minimum relative refractive index Δ3MIN. The outerannular portion 40 has a refractive index profile Δ4(r) with a maximum relative refractive index Δ4MAX, and a minimum relative refractive index Δ4MIN, where in some embodiments Δ4MAX=Δ4MIN. Preferably, Δ1MAX>Δ2MAX>Δ3MIN. - In some embodiments, the inner
annular portion 38 has a substantially constant refractive index profile, as shown inFIG. 11 with a constant Δ2(r); in some of these embodiments, Δ2(r)=0%. In some embodiments, the outerannular portion 40 has a substantially constant refractive index profile, as shown inFIG. 10 with a constant Δ4(r); in some of these embodiments, Δ4(r)=0%. Thecore 37 has an entirely positive refractive index profile, where Δ1(r)>0%. R1 is defined as the radius at which the refractive index delta of the core first reaches value of 0.05%, going radially outwardly from the centerline. Preferably, the core 37 contains substantially no fluorine, and more preferably the core 37 contains no fluorine. - In some embodiments, the inner
annular portion 38 preferably has a relative refractive index profile Δ2(r) having a maximum absolute magnitude less than 0.05%, and Δ2MAX<0.05% and Δ2MIN>−0.05%, and the depressed-indexannular portion 39 begins where the relative refractive index of the cladding first reaches a value of less than −0.05%, going radially outwardly from the centerline. In some embodiments, the outerannular portion 40 has a relative refractive index profile Δ4(r) having a maximum absolute magnitude less than 0.05%, and Δ4MAX<0.05% and Δ4MIN>−0.05%, and the depressed-indexannular portion 39 ends where the relative refractive index of the cladding first reaches a value of greater than −0.05%, going radially outwardly from the radius where Δ3MIN is found. - Example
optical fibers 36 considered herein are multimode and comprise a graded-index core region and a cladding region surrounding and directly adjacent to the core region, the cladding region comprising a depressed-index annular portion comprising a depressed relative refractive index relative to another portion of the cladding. The depressed-index annular portion of the cladding is preferably spaced apart from the core. Preferably, the refractive index profile of the core has a curved shape, for one example, a generally parabolic shape. - The depressed-index annular portion may, for example, comprise a) glass comprising a plurality of voids, or b) glass doped with one or more downdopants such as fluorine, boron, individually or mixtures thereof. The depressed-index annular portion may have a refractive index delta less than about −0.2% and a width of at least about 1 micron, the depressed-index annular portion being spaced from said core by at least about 0.5 microns.
- In some embodiments, the multimode optical fibers comprise a cladding with voids, the voids in some preferred embodiments are non-periodically located within the depressed-index annular portion. “Non-periodically located” means that if one takes a cross section (such as a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis) of the optical fiber, the non-periodically disposed voids are randomly or non-periodically distributed across a portion of the fiber (e.g. within the depressed-index annular region). Similar cross sections taken at different points along the length of the fiber will reveal different randomly distributed cross-sectional hole patterns, i.e., various cross sections will have different hole patterns, wherein the distributions of voids and sizes of voids do not exactly match for each such cross section. That is, the voids are non-periodic, i.e., they are not periodically disposed within the fiber structure. These voids are disposed (elongated) along the length (i.e. generally parallel to the longitudinal axis) of the optical fiber, but do not necessarily extend the entire length of the entire fiber for typical lengths of transmission fiber. It is believed that at least some of the voids extend along the length of the fiber a distance less than about 20 meters, more preferably less than about 10 meters, even more preferably less than about 5 meters, and in some embodiments less than 1 meter.
- The multimode optical fiber disclosed herein exhibits very low bend induced attenuation, in particular very low macrobending induced attenuation. In some embodiments, high bandwidth is provided by low maximum relative refractive index in the core, and low bend losses are also provided. Consequently, the multimode optical fiber may comprise a graded index glass core; and an inner cladding surrounding and in contact with the core, and a second cladding comprising a depressed-index annular portion surrounding the inner cladding, said depressed-index annular portion having a refractive index delta less than about −0.2% and a width of at least 1 micron, wherein the width of said inner cladding is at least about 0.5 microns and the fiber further exhibits a 1 turn, 10 mm diameter mandrel wrap attenuation increase of less than or equal to about 0.4 dB/turn at a wavelength of 850 nm (“850 nm”), a numerical aperture (NA) of greater than 0.14, more preferably greater than 0.17, even more preferably greater than 0.18, and most preferably greater than 0.185, and an overfilled bandwidth greater than 1.5 GHz-km at 850 nm. By way of example, the numerical aperture for the multimode
optical fiber 36 is between about 0.185 and about 0.215. -
Multimode fibers 36 having a 50micron diameter core 37 can be made to provide (a) an overfilled (OFL) bandwidth of greater than 1.5 GHz-km, more preferably greater than 2.0 GHz-km, even more preferably greater than 3.0 GHz-km, and most preferably greater than 4.0 GHz-km at an 850 nm wavelength. By way of example, these high bandwidths can be achieved while still maintaining a 1 turn, 10 mm diameter mandrel wrap attenuation increase at an 850 nm wavelength of less than 0.5 dB, more preferably less than 0.3 dB, even more preferably less than 0.2 dB, and most preferably less than 0.15 dB. These high bandwidths can also be achieved while also maintaining a 1 turn, 20 mm diameter mandrel wrap attenuation increase at an 850 nm wavelength of less than 0.2 dB, more preferably less than 0.1 dB, and most preferably less than 0.05 dB, and a 1 turn, 15 mm diameter mandrel wrap attenuation increase at an 850 nm wavelength, of less than 0.2 dB, preferably less than 0.1 dB, and more preferably less than 0.05 dB. Such fibers are further capable of providing a numerical aperture (NA) greater than 0.17, more preferably greater than 0.18, and most preferably greater than 0.185. Such fibers are further simultaneously capable of exhibiting an OFL bandwidth at 1300 nm which is greater than about 500 MHz-km, more preferably greater than about 600 MHz-km, even more preferably greater than about 700 MHz-km. Such fibers are further simultaneously capable of exhibiting minimum calculated effective modal bandwidth (Min EMBc) bandwidth of greater than about 1.5 MHz-km, more preferably greater than about 1.8 MHz-km and most preferably greater than about 2.0 MHz-km at 850 nm. - Preferably, the multimode optical fiber disclosed herein exhibits a spectral attenuation of less than 3 dB/km at 850 nm, preferably less than 2.5 dB/km at 850 nm, even more preferably less than 2.4 dB/km at 850 nm and still more preferably less than 2.3 dB/km at 850 nm. Preferably, the multimode optical fiber disclosed herein exhibits a spectral attenuation of less than 1.0 dB/km at a wavelength of 130 nm (“1300 nm”), preferably less than 0.8 dB/km at 1300 nm, even more preferably less than 0.6 dB/km at 1300 nm.
- In some embodiments, the core extends radially outwardly from the centerline to a radius R1, wherein 10≦R1≦40 microns, more preferably 20≦R1≦40 microns. In some embodiments, 22≦R1≦34 microns. In some preferred embodiments, the outer radius of the core is between about 22 to 28 microns. In some other preferred embodiments, the outer radius of the core is between about 28 to 34 microns.
- In some embodiments, the core has a maximum relative refractive index, less than or equal to 1.2% and greater than 0.5%, more preferably greater than 0.8%. In other embodiments, the core has a maximum relative refractive index, less than or equal to 1.1% and greater than 0.9%.
- In some embodiments, the optical fiber exhibits a 1 turn, 10 mm diameter mandrel attenuation increase of no more than 1.0 dB, preferably no more than 0.6 dB, more preferably no more than 0.4 dB, even more preferably no more than 0.2 dB, and still more preferably no more than 0.1 dB, at all wavelengths between 800 nm and 1400 nm. An example
optical fiber 36 is also disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/250,987 filed on Oct. 14, 2008 and Ser. No. 12/333,833 filed on Dec. 12, 2008, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. -
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram ofsystem 100 similar to that ofFIG. 3 , but that utilizes a 24ffiber optic cable 10 with 24fconnectors cable patch cords 110. Eachpatch cord 110 is terminated at its ends withrespective 24f connectors 130. Patch-cord connector 130NP connects to active assembly connector 41, while patch-cord connector 130P connects to fiberoptic cable connector 20. -
FIG. 14 is similar toFIG. 5 , but representssystem 100 ofFIG. 13 . The ports of patch-cord connector 130NPL are denoted 24NPL(xL) as above, while the ports of patch-cord connector 130PL are denoted 24PL(yL), where 1≦xL, yL≦24. Likewise, the ports of patch-cord connector 130NPR are denoted 24NPR(xR) as above, while the ports of patch-cord connector 130PR are denoted 24PR(yR) where 1≦xR, yR≦24. - The method of establishing a suitable universal port configuration for
harness 112 forpatch cord 110 is similar to that as described above in connection with the 24f2×12f assemblies. With reference toFIG. 8 , first, an initial optical connection (e.g., with an optical fiber 36) is made inpatch cord 110L between any active-assembly-wise patch cord port 24NPL(xL) and any cable-wise patch cord port 12PL(yL). The pairings method between patch cord ports 24NPL(xL) ofpatch cord 110L and patch cord ports 24NPR(xR) ofpatch cord 110R, along with the correspondence between cable-wise ports of the patch cords viafiber optic cable 10, allows for the initial port connection to be carried through fromactive assembly connector 41L toactive assembly connector 41R. - From the pairings method as described above, it is seen for example that active-assembly-wise patch-cord port 24NPL(4) associated with active assembly receive
port 03R is connected to active-assembly-wise patch-cord port 24NPR(16) associated with active assembly transmitport 03T. Thus, afiber 36 from active-assembly-wise patch-cord port 24NPL(4) that connects to cable-wise patch-cord port 12PBL(4) is traced throughfiber optic cable 10 over to cable-wise patch-cord port 12PBR(9) and is then connected by anotherfiber 36 to active-assembly-wise patch-cord port 24NPR(16). This connection pathway is then repeated in the opposite direction from active-assembly-wise patch-cord port 24NPR(4) to active-assembly-wise patch-cord port 24NPL(16) to form a corresponding connection pathway. This process can be repeated in partially connecting the available ports until all desired ports are connected, or in a full connecting method such that all existing ports are connected.FIG. 14 shows an example configuration forharnesses respective patch cords -
FIG. 15 is a perspective view similar toFIG. 7 , except for the case of a 24f24f opticalfiber interconnection assembly 100. Note that the port configuration on the hidden face of connector 130NP is shown on the near face for the sake of illustration.FIG. 16 andFIG. 17 are end-on views of the assembly-wise and cable-wise 24f connectors 130NP and 130P of the 24f24f opticalfiber interconnection assembly 100, illustrating how the connector ports 24NP and 24P can be respectively divided up into a variety of different groups G and G′ of two or more ports similar to the case of the 24f2×12f assembly described above. - Also, the various groups G and G′ can be combined into larger groups. For example, groups G1 and G3 of
multifiber ferrule 131 can be combined to form an upper group GU, and groups G2 and G4 can be combined to form a lower group GL. - With reference to
FIG. 13 throughFIG. 17 , an example embodiment of the invention is fiberoptic assembly 110 having a multifiber ferrule 131NP at one end and amultifiber ferrule 131P at the other end. Multifiber ferrule 131NP has one or more groups G of ports 24NP, while multifiber ferrule has one or more groups G′ ofports 24P. Multifiber ferrule 131NP is arranged relative tomultifiber ferrule 131P such thatfibers 36 can optically connector ports 24NP toports 24P. In an example embodiment, multifiber ferrule 131NP has upper and lower groups GU and GL of twelve ports 24NP, whilemultifiber ferrule 131P respectively has upper and lower groups GU′ and GL′ of twelveports 24P. - In an example embodiment, at least one group G and at least one group G′ has twelve ports. In another example embodiment, at least one group G and at least one group G′ has six ports. In another example embodiment, at least one group G and at least one group G′ has two ports.
- Groups G are said to be “directly facing” corresponding groups G′ if multifiber ferrule 131NP can be arranged substantially in opposition to
multifiber ferrules 131P. This may mean, for example, thatharness 112 may be flexible (e.g., part of an optical fiber cable) and thus capable of being bent such that multifiber ferrule 131NP andmultifiber ferrule 131P can be placed in a number of relative orientations, including in opposition. Thus, in somecases fibers 36 can be connected to directly facing ports (e.g., port 24NPL(6) to 24PL(7); seeFIG. 14 ) without having to “flip” the fiber, i.e., without having to connect the fiber to a non-directly facing group. In other cases,fibers 36 are connected to non-directly facing ports by “flipping” the fibers (e.g., port 24NPL(7) to 24PL(19); seeFIG. 14 ). - In an example embodiment, ports 24NP of multifiber ferrule 131NP generally face
ports 24P of multifiber ferrule 131P. The various groups G and G′ can be aligned with each other from one ferrule to the other, withfibers 36 extending from at least two groups G of multifiber ferrule 131NP to at least two groups G′ of multifiber ferrule 131P, thereby defining at least two groups offibers 36 forharness 112. - In an example embodiment,
fibers 36 connect at least one group G to a directly facing subgroup G′ without having to cross or “flip” the fibers. In addition, at least one group G is flipped as it extends to group G′. In other embodiments, at least one of groups G is connected directly across to an essentially directly facing group G′, though the faces of the ferrules need not be parallel to each other. In yet other embodiments, at least one group G is connected to at least one other group G′, wherein the connectingfibers 36 are flipped, and the connected group G′ is not a directly facing group. - Note that for the 24f
24f assemblies 110 discussed here as well as for the case of the 24f2×12f assemblies discussed above, correspondingly labeled groups (G1, G1′, etc.) need not directly face one another, and may not face one another depending on how one chooses to label the various groups for the two connectors. For example, with reference toFIGS. 16 and 17 , the groups for connectors 130NP and 130P are labeled in a corresponding manner when each is viewed face on. However, when these connectors are placed face to face, groups G1 and G3 respectively face group G3′ and G1′ along the top row, and groups G2 and G4 respectively face groups G4′ and G2′ along the bottom row. -
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a generalized12f interconnection system 200 that includes two 12f12f assemblies fibers 36. The 12f12f assembly 110L includes at the active assembly end a connector 130AL with single-fiber ports 12NPL(xL), and at the fiber optic cable end a connector 130BL with ports 12PL(yL), for 1≦xL, yL≦12. Likewise, 12f12f assembly 110R includes at the active assembly end a connector 130AR with single-fiber ports 12NPL(xR), and at the fiber optic cable end a connector 130BR with ports 12PR(yR), for 1≦xR, yR≦12. Cable-wise patch-cord connectors 130BL and 130BR are optically connected viafiber optic cable 10. Active-assembly-wise single-fiber ports 12NP within each active-assembly-wise connector 130AL and 130AR may be paired, i.e., {12NPL(1), 12NPL(2)}, {12NPL(3), 12NPL(4)}. - An example pairings method between active-assembly-wise ports 12NPL(xL) and active-assembly-wise ports 12NPR(xR) based on a polarity-preserving connection between the active assemblies (not shown) is provided in the pairings table below (Table 2):
-
TABLE 2 Single-port pairings 12NPL (xL) 12NPR (xR) 1 2 2 1 3 4 4 3 5 6 6 5 7 8 8 7 9 10 10 9 11 12 12 11 - The pairings method can be expressed as follows:
- Active-assembly-wise ports 12NPL(xL) and 12NPR(xR) are connected with
fibers 36 using the following rule: When inassembly 110L, active-assembly-wise port 12NPL(xL) is routed to cable-wise patch-cord port 12PL(yL=n), then active-assembly-wise port 12NPR(xR) (as determined from the established pairings) inassembly 110R is be connected (routed) to cable-wise port 12PR(yR=m+1−n), where m is the total number of active assembly ports or fibers 36 (e.g., m=12 in this example). This process is repeated for all the remaining connector ports. - Thus, with reference to
FIG. 19 , active-assembly-wise assembly port 12NPL(4) inassembly 110L is paired to active-assembly-wise assembly port 12NPR(3) inassembly 110R via the given pairings method, so that yL=n=3. Active-assembly-wise assembly port 12NPL(4) is connected to cable-wise port 12PL(8) by choice, so that yL=n=8. Thus, active-assembly-wise port 12NPR(y=3) inassembly 110R is connected to cable-wise port 12PR(yR=12+1−8)=12PR(5), as shown. Likewise, active-assembly-wise port 12NPL(3) inassembly 110R is paired to active-assembly-wise port 12NPR(4) inassembly 110L. Thus, active-assembly-wise port 12NPL(3) is connected to cable-wise port 12PL(7) by choice, so that yL=n=7. Thus, active-assembly-wise port 12NPR(4) is connected to cable-wise port 12PR(yR=12+1−7)=12PR(6), as shown. - The above interconnection method has been described in connection with a 12f interconnection system for the sake of illustration. One skilled in the art will appreciate that the method applies in principle to interconnection systems and interconnection assemblies that use any reasonable number m of fibers.
- Thus, in the general case of active-assembly-wise assembly ports mNPL(xL) and mNPR(xR), where m is an even number of ports (i.e., m=12 or 24 in the above examples), the pairings method is generally expressed as:
- 24f Universal Module with Single-Fiber Ports
-
FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a high-speed data-rateoptical transport system 100 that includes two 24f24foptical interconnection assemblies 110 andactive assemblies 40 having single-fiber ports 24. In an example embodiment, the twooptical interconnection assemblies 110 include a modular enclosure called a “breakout module.”Optical interconnection assemblies 110 are connected by a 24ffiber optic cable 10.Optical interconnection assemblies -
TABLE 3 PAIRINGS TABLE 24L (xL) 24R (xR) — 24L (xL) 24R (xR) 1 2 — 13 14 2 1 — 14 13 3 4 — 15 16 4 3 — 16 15 5 6 — 17 18 6 5 — 18 17 7 8 — 19 20 8 7 — 20 19 9 9 — 21 22 10 10 — 22 21 11 12 — 23 24 12 11 — 24 23 - The above pairings method can also be expressed as follows:
- The same general interconnection method as described above for configuring the
harnesses 112 of the24f patch cords 110 is used here to configureharnesses optical interconnection assemblies 110. First, an initial (fiber) connection is made inoptical interconnection assembly 110L between any single-fiber active-assembly-wise port 24L(xL) and any cable-wise port 24PL(yL). From the pairings method it is seen, for example, that active-assembly-wise single-fiber port 24L(4) associated with active assembly receiveport 03R inassembly 110L is be connected to active-assembly-wise port 24R(3) associated with active assembly transmitport 03T inassembly 110R. Thus, afiber 36 from active-assembly-wise port 24L(7) that connects to cable-wise port 24PL(1) inassembly 110L is traced throughfiber optic cable 10 over tooptical interconnection assembly 110R and cable-wise port 24PR(12). This cable-wise port is then connected by anotherfiber 36 to active-assembly-wise port 24NPR(8) inoptical interconnection assembly 110R. - Note that the optical connection is from transmit
port 03T to receiveport 03R in respectiveactive assembly connectors assembly-wise port 24R(7) inoptical interconnection assembly 110R to active-assembly-wise port 24L(8) inoptical interconnection assembly 110L, thereby connecting transmitport 03T ofactive assembly connector 41R to receiveport 03R ofactive assembly connector 41L. - This method is repeated for the unused ports until there are no more port connections to be made.
FIG. 19 shows example configurations for completedharnesses optical interconnection assemblies 110 established using this iterative approach. -
FIG. 20 is a perspective view of an example modular 24f2×12foptical interconnection assembly 110.Assembly 110 includes ahousing 220 having first and second ends 222 and 224 and that defines an interior 230.Housing 220 may be made of metal, such comprise a stamped-formed metal box. Housingfirst end 222 includes active-assembly-wise 24f connector 130R with ports 24NPR, and housingsecond end 224 includes cable-wise connectors 140AR and 140BR. Connectors 140AR and 140BR are connected toconnector 130R byfibers 36 that spanhousing interior 230 and that are configured using the methods described above. - The disclosure in other embodiments includes a fiber optic assembly with multifiber connectors each having a multifiber ferrule disposed therein so that the assembly has first and second multifiber ferrules. A group of ports is optically connected without flipping the optical fibers, and a group of ports is optically connected by flipping the optical fibers. The ports are each arranged in rows formed in each ferrule, with the rows being generally parallel to each other, such that each ferrule has a row being a lower row and a row being an upper row. See for example
FIGS. 7-9 andFIGS. 15-17 and the disclosure relating thereto. At least one group of ports is optically connected by flipping the optical fibers having a first group of flipped optical fibers. The assembly can further have a second group of flipped optical fibers extending from the termination side of the first ferrule to the termination side of the second ferrule. The first and second groups of flipped optical fibers cross each other as the groups extend from the first ferrule to the second ferrule. The at least one group of ports that is optically connected without flipping the optical fibers can be located on a lower row of the first ferrule, and the group of ports that is optically connected by flipping the optical fibers can be located on an upper row of the first ferrule. The group of ports that is optically connected without flipping the optical fibers can be located on an upper row of the first ferrule, and the at least one group of ports that are optically connected by flipping the optical fibers can be located on an lower row of the first ferrule. The group of ports that are optically connected without flipping the optical fibers and the group of ports that are optically connected by flipping the optical fibers can be located on one of the same rows of a ferrule or different rows of a ferrule. Other combinations within the disclosure of the present invention are possible as well. - The present disclosure has been described with reference to the foregoing embodiments, which embodiments are intended to be illustrative of the present inventive concepts rather than limiting. Persons of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that variations and modifications of the foregoing embodiments may be made without departing from the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (36)
1. A fiber optic assembly for a high-speed data-rate optical transport system, comprising:
a) at least first and second multifiber ferrules, each multifiber ferrule having a mating face for mating to another mating face of an optical connector, and a termination face for receiving optical fibers, each ferrule having a plurality of optical fiber receiving areas being arranged in at least first and second groups of two or more fiber receiving areas;
b) the fiber receiving areas of each ferrule comprising fiber receiving holes formed in each ferrule, the holes extending from the mating face to the termination face so that each the holes are associated with the at least first and second groups, and respective ends of the optical fibers being optically secured in at least some of the holes of each of the first and second groups, the fibers extending thereby forming respective groups of optical fibers optically interconnecting the fiber receiving areas from the termination side of the first ferrule to the termination side of the second ferrule;
c) some of the optical fibers extending from the first ferrule to the second ferrule in a direct orientation so that the fiber receiving areas of each ferrule are optically interconnected without flipping the fibers; and
d) some of the optical fibers extending from the first ferrule to the second ferrule such that the optical fibers are flipped so that the orientation of the ends of the optical fibers is reversed as the fibers extend from the first ferrule to the second ferrule.
2. The fiber optic assembly of claim 1 , wherein the termination sides of the ferrules are arranged substantially in facing opposition to each other so that some of the groups of optical fibers are essentially facing groups of fiber receiving areas, and wherein the optical fibers that are flipped not directly facing groups.
3. The fiber optic assembly of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second groups comprises a row of fiber receiving areas.
4. The fiber optic assembly of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first groups and at least one of the second groups respectively comprise two fiber receiving areas.
5. The fiber optic assembly of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first groups and at least one of the second groups respectively comprise six fiber receiving areas.
6. The fiber optic assembly of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first groups and at least one of the second groups respectively comprise twelve fiber receiving areas.
7. The fiber optic assembly of claim 1 , wherein transmit and receive pairs of fiber receiving areas are associated with channels of the high-speed data-rate optical transport system, wherein the channels have a corresponding data rate, and wherein the fiber optic assembly supports a data rate corresponding to the channel data rate multiplied by the number of pairs of fiber receiving areas in the first group.
8. The fiber optic assembly of claim 7 , wherein the channel data rate is about 10 gigabits/s.
9. The fiber optic assembly of claim 8 , wherein the number of transmit and receive pairs of fiber receiving areas in the first group is twelve.
10. The fiber optic assembly of claim 9 , wherein ten of the twelve transmit and receive pairs of fiber receiving areas are used so as to support about a 100 gigabit/s data rate.
11. The fiber optic assembly of claim 1 , wherein the fibers comprise bend-insensitive fibers.
12. The fiber optic assembly of claim 1 , comprising:
a third multifiber ferrule having a plurality of fiber receiving areas that are dividable into third groups of two or more fiber receiving areas; and
wherein the fiber receiving areas of the first group are connected to fiber receiving areas of the second and/or third groups without flipping the fibers, and wherein the fiber receiving areas of the first group are connected with the second and/or third groups by flipping the fibers.
13. The fiber optic assembly of claim 12 , wherein the first multifiber ferrule has a total of twenty-four fiber receiving areas, and the second and third multifiber ferrules each have a total of twelve fiber receiving areas.
14. The fiber optic assembly of claim 12 , wherein the first, second and third multifiber ferrules are optically connected to respective first, second and third active assemblies.
15. The fiber optic assembly of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of optical fibers are contained in one of a optical fiber cable and a modular housing.
16. The fiber optic assembly of claim 1 , wherein the first and second multifiber ferrules are optically connected to respective first and second active assemblies.
17. A fiber optic assembly for a high-speed data-rate optical transport system having active assemblies each with transmit and receive ports, comprising:
at least first and second multifiber connectors each having respective pluralities of first and second ports that define respective pluralities of at least first and second groups of at least two ports each, wherein the first and second multifiber connectors are capable of being disposed so that the at least first and second groups of ports are located on respective termination sides of each ferrule; and
a plurality of optical fibers that connect the first and second ports according to a pairings method that maintains polarity between the transmit and receive ports of the active assemblies, wherein at least one of the first and second groups are optically connected without flipping the fibers, and wherein at least one of the first and second groups are optically connected by flipping the fibers.
18. The fiber optic assembly of claim 17 , wherein at least one of the first groups and at least one of the second groups include six ports.
19. The fiber optic assembly of claim 17 , wherein at least one of the first groups and at least one of the second groups include twelve ports.
20. The fiber optic assembly of claim 17 , wherein the first and second multifiber connectors each support a total of twenty-four ports.
21. The fiber optic assembly of claim 17 , further including:
a third multifiber connector having a plurality of third ports that define a pluralities of third groups of at least two ports each, and wherein the first groups of ports face the second and third groups of ports.
22. The fiber optic assembly of claim 21 , wherein the first multifiber connector supports twenty-four ports, and wherein the second and third multifiber connectors each supports twelve ports.
23. The fiber optic assembly of claim 17 , wherein pairs of connector ports are associated with respective channels of the high-speed data-rate optical transport system, wherein the channels have a corresponding data rate, and wherein the fiber optic assembly supports a data rate corresponding to the channel data rate multiplied by the number of pairs of fiber ports in the first group.
24. The fiber optic assembly of claim 23 , wherein the channel data rate is about 10 gigabits/s.
25. The fiber optic assembly of claim 24 , wherein the number of pairs of ports in the first group is twelve.
26. The fiber optic assembly of claim 25 , wherein ten of the twelve ports are used so as to support about a 100 gigabit/s data rate.
27. The fiber optic assembly of claim 17 , wherein the fibers comprise bend-insensitive fibers.
28. The fiber optic assembly of claim 17 , wherein the fibers are contained in an optical fiber cable.
29. The fiber optic assembly of claim 17 , wherein the at least one first group and at least one second group respectively include an entire row of ports.
30. The fiber optic assembly of claim 17 wherein,
a) each connector comprising at least one a multifiber ferrule disposed therein so that the assembly comprises first and second multifiber ferrules;
b) the at least one group of ports being optically connected without flipping the optical fibers, and the at least one group of ports being optically connected by flipping the optical fibers, are each arranged in rows formed in each ferrule, the rows being generally parallel to each other, such that each ferrule has a row being a lower row and a row being an upper row;
c) the at least one group of ports being optically connected without flipping the optical fibers is located on a lower row of the first ferrule, and
d) the at least one group of ports being optically connected by flipping the optical fibers is located on an upper row of the first ferrule.
31. The fiber optic assembly of claim 17 wherein,
a) each connector comprising at least one a multifiber ferrule disposed therein so that the assembly comprises first and second multifiber ferrules;
b) the at least one group of ports being optically connected without flipping the optical fibers, and the at least one group of ports being optically connected by flipping the optical fibers, are each arranged in rows formed in each ferrule, the rows being generally parallel to each other, such that each ferrule has a row being a lower row and a row being an upper row;
c) the at least one group of ports being optically connected without flipping the optical fibers is located on an upper row of the first ferrule, and
d) the at least one group of ports being optically connected by flipping the optical fibers is located on an lower row of the first ferrule.
32. The fiber optic assembly of claim 17 wherein,
a) each connector comprising at least one a multifiber ferrule disposed therein so that the assembly comprises first and second multifiber ferrules;
b) the at least one group of ports being optically connected without flipping the optical fibers, and the at least one group of ports being optically connected by flipping the optical fibers, are each arranged in rows formed in each ferrule, the rows being generally parallel to each other, such that each ferrule has a row being a lower row and a row being an upper row;
c) the at least one group of ports being optically connected without flipping the optical fibers and the at least one group of ports being optically connected by flipping the optical fibers are located on the same row of the first ferrule.
33. The fiber optic assembly of claim 17 wherein,
a) each connector comprising at least one a multifiber ferrule disposed therein so that the assembly comprises first and second multifiber ferrules;
b) the at least one group of ports being optically connected without flipping the optical fibers, and the at least one group of ports being optically connected by flipping the optical fibers, are each arranged in rows formed in each ferrule, the rows being generally parallel to each other, such that each ferrule has a row being a lower row and a row being an upper row;
c) the at least one group of ports being optically connected without flipping the optical fibers and the at least one group of ports being optically connected by flipping the optical fibers are located on different rows of the first ferrule.
34. The fiber optic assembly of claim 17 wherein,
a) each connector comprising at least one a multifiber ferrule disposed therein so that the assembly comprises first and second multifiber ferrules;
b) the at least one group of ports being optically connected without flipping the optical fibers, and the at least one group of ports being optically connected by flipping the optical fibers, are each arranged in rows formed in each ferrule, the rows being generally parallel to each other, such that each ferrule has a row being a lower row and a row being an upper row;
c) the at least one group of ports being optically connected without flipping the optical fibers extend from a lower row of the first ferrule to a lower row of the second ferrule.
35. The fiber optic assembly of claim 17 wherein,
a) each connector comprising at least one a multifiber ferrule disposed therein so that the assembly comprises first and second multifiber ferrules so that the assembly comprises first and second multifiber ferrules;
b) the at least one group of ports being optically connected without flipping the optical fibers, and the at least one group of ports being optically connected by flipping the optical fibers, are each arranged in rows formed in each ferrule, the rows being generally parallel to each other, such that each ferrule has a row being a lower row and a row being an upper row;
c) the at least one group of ports being optically connected by flipping the optical fibers extend from a lower row of the first ferrule to an upper row of the second ferrule.
36. The fiber optic assembly of claim 17 wherein,
a) each connector comprising at least one a multifiber ferrule disposed therein so that the assembly comprises first and second multifiber ferrules;
b) the at least one group of ports being optically connected without flipping the optical fibers, and the at least one group of ports being optically connected by flipping the optical fibers, are each arranged in rows formed in each ferrule, the rows being generally parallel to each other, such that each ferrule has a row being a lower row and a row being an upper row;
c) the at least one group of ports being optically connected by flipping the optical fibers comprising a first group of flipped optical fibers;
d) the assembly further comprising a second group of flipped optical fibers extending from the termination side of the first ferrule to the termination side of the second ferrule; and
e) the first and second groups of flipped optical fibers cross each other as the groups extend from the first ferrule to the second ferrule.
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US12/486,473 US8251591B2 (en) | 2009-06-17 | 2009-06-17 | Optical interconnection assemblies and systems for high-speed data-rate optical transport systems |
US13/559,070 US9229175B2 (en) | 2009-06-17 | 2012-07-26 | Optical interconnection assemblies and systems for high-speed data-rate optical transport systems |
US14/987,900 US20160131855A1 (en) | 2009-06-17 | 2016-01-05 | Optical interconnection assemblies and systems for high-speed data-rate optical transport systems |
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US13/559,070 Active 2029-09-16 US9229175B2 (en) | 2009-06-17 | 2012-07-26 | Optical interconnection assemblies and systems for high-speed data-rate optical transport systems |
US14/987,900 Abandoned US20160131855A1 (en) | 2009-06-17 | 2016-01-05 | Optical interconnection assemblies and systems for high-speed data-rate optical transport systems |
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US20120288233A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
US8251591B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 |
US9229175B2 (en) | 2016-01-05 |
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