US20160126046A1 - Subsea fuse assembly - Google Patents

Subsea fuse assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
US20160126046A1
US20160126046A1 US14/849,662 US201514849662A US2016126046A1 US 20160126046 A1 US20160126046 A1 US 20160126046A1 US 201514849662 A US201514849662 A US 201514849662A US 2016126046 A1 US2016126046 A1 US 2016126046A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
fuse
enclosure
subsea
wall
supporting wall
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Abandoned
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US14/849,662
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English (en)
Inventor
Fredrik Gundersen Aarskog
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Assigned to SIEMENS AS reassignment SIEMENS AS ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: AARSKOG, FREDRIK GUNDERSEN
Assigned to SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SIEMENS AS
Publication of US20160126046A1 publication Critical patent/US20160126046A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/0013—Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse
    • H01H85/0021—Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse water or dustproof devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/36—Means for applying mechanical tension to fusible member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H69/00—Apparatus or processes for the manufacture of emergency protective devices
    • H01H69/02—Manufacture of fuses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/20—Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/38—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H01H85/40—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc using an arc-extinguishing liquid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • H05K5/06—Hermetically-sealed casings
    • H05K5/068—Hermetically-sealed casings having a pressure compensation device, e.g. membrane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/0013—Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse
    • H01H85/0021—Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse water or dustproof devices
    • H01H85/0026—Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse water or dustproof devices casings for the fuse and its base contacts

Definitions

  • At least one embodiment of the present invention generally relates to a subsea fuse assembly for a high pressure environment and/or to a method of providing such subsea fuse assembly.
  • oil platforms are used in the offshore oil and gas production.
  • electrical equipment under water, e.g. for controlling functions of a subsea Christmas tree or a subsea blowout preventer.
  • processing facilities are being relocated to the ocean floor.
  • Installations on the ocean floor can comprise a range of components, including pumps, compressors and the like which require electric power for operation.
  • Power supply can occur through a subsea power grid installed on the ocean floor, which may for example comprise a subsea transformer, a subsea switchgear and subsea variable speed drives for powering the above mentioned subsea loads. It needs to be ensured that the installed equipment operates reliably even under the high pressure that prevails at the rated installation depth which can be 3.000 m or more.
  • pressure compensated enclosures can be used which provide pressure balancing between the ambient seawater pressure and the interior of the enclosure.
  • Such pressure compensated enclosure is generally filled with a dielectric liquid which is essentially incompressible and which further provides heat conduction.
  • the electric components provided therein are exposed to the ambient pressure, i.e. the pressure of the high pressure environment prevailing at the subsea installation site.
  • impurities in the dielectric liquid may become a challenge.
  • particles in the dielectric liquid may follow the fluid stream and may deposit at places with high electric field strength. Such particles may generate an electric breakdown. If there is a fault in an electric or electronic component within the enclosure, the dielectric liquid may become polluted, and the pollution may affect other components of the subsea equipment.
  • fuses which can be installed in such pressure compensated subsea enclosure.
  • the document EP 2495746 A1 describes for example a fuse assembly which has a fuse element that is disposed in a housing having an opening that is covered by a membrane.
  • the membrane provides pressure balancing and prevents impurities that may be produced by arcing when the fuse element melts from polluting dielectric liquid present in a device in which the fuse assembly is installed.
  • the membrane needs to withstand the pressure increase upon melting of the fuse element and needs to be capable of providing pressure balancing.
  • subsea devices may need to be installed in large water depths, for example in excess of 2,000 m, they may need to be suitable for operation of a depth of at least 3,000 m. Installation in such depth results in significant pressure changes. Furthermore such devices may be subjected to significant temperature changes. Accordingly, it is desirable that any component of a subsea device is capable of dealing with the pressure changes and temperature differences, and with the volume changes associated therewith. Furthermore, when a fuse element melts, the resulting arcing may produce gasses and pollutions, which may result in a significant volume increase and thus pressure increase within a sealed enclosure in which the fuse is disposed. Previously known fuses may need to employ a particularly strong membrane for dealing with such significant volume/pressure changes. This may increase the risk of a failure of such component, and may furthermore limit the capability for volume or pressure compensation.
  • the inventors have recognized that there is a need for an improved subsea fuse assembly, and in particular for a subsea fuse assembly that is capable of compensating large volume differences while having a relatively simple and reliable configuration.
  • a subsea fuse assembly adapted to be operated in a pressurized environment.
  • the subsea fuse assembly comprises an enclosure having a first part which is hollow and a second part which is a rigid supporting wall.
  • the first part of the enclosure is mounted and sealed to the second part, i.e. to the rigid supporting wall.
  • the mounting is such that the first part of the enclosure and the rigid supporting wall enclose a chamber that is sealed in a liquid-tight manner to the surrounding pressurized environment.
  • the subsea fuse assembly has a first electrical terminal and a second electrical terminal arranged in the rigid supporting wall for leading an electrical connection through the supporting wall for electrically contacting the fuse element.
  • the first part of the enclosure comprises at least a flexible portion configured to allow the first part of the enclosure to expand and contract so as to change the volume of the chamber and to enable a pressure balancing between a pressure prevailing inside the chamber and a pressure prevailing in the pressurized environment.
  • the flexible portion is configured such that a wall portion of the first part of the enclosure, which wall portion is located opposite of the rigid supporting wall, is movable so as to change the distance between the rigid supporting wall and the wall portion.
  • the volume compensation capability of the enclosure can be increased significantly.
  • a further embodiment of the invention relates to a method of providing a subsea fuse assembly for a pressurized environment.
  • the method comprises providing an enclosure having a first part which is hollow and a second part which is a rigid supporting wall, the enclosure enclosing a chamber; arranging a fuse element inside the chamber; mounting and sealing the first part of the enclosure to the rigid supporting wall such that the first part of the enclosure and the rigid supporting wall provide a liquid-tight sealing of the chamber to the surrounding environment; and providing a first electrical terminal and a second electrical terminal in the rigid supporting wall for leading an electrical connection through the supporting wall for electrically contacting the fuse element.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing showing a sectional side view of a subsea fuse assembly according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing showing a sectional side view of a subsea fuse assembly according to a further embodiment.
  • FIGS. 3A to 3C are schematic drawings showing sectional side views of a subsea fuse assembly according to an embodiment, the drawings illustrating a time series showing the different stages upon melting of a fuse element.
  • example embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although the flowcharts describe the operations as sequential processes, many of the operations may be performed in parallel, concurrently or simultaneously. In addition, the order of operations may be re-arranged. The processes may be terminated when their operations are completed, but may also have additional steps not included in the figure. The processes may correspond to methods, functions, procedures, subroutines, subprograms, etc.
  • Methods discussed below may be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or any combination thereof.
  • the program code or code segments to perform the necessary tasks will be stored in a machine or computer readable medium such as a storage medium or non-transitory computer readable medium.
  • a processor(s) will perform the necessary tasks.
  • spatially relative terms such as “beneath”, “below”, “lower”, “above”, “upper”, and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, term such as “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.
  • first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, it should be understood that these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or section from another region, layer, or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer, or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer, or section without departing from the teachings of the present invention.
  • a subsea fuse assembly adapted to be operated in a pressurized environment.
  • the subsea fuse assembly comprises an enclosure having a first part which is hollow and a second part which is a rigid supporting wall.
  • the first part of the enclosure is mounted and sealed to the second part, i.e. to the rigid supporting wall.
  • the mounting is such that the first part of the enclosure and the rigid supporting wall enclose a chamber that is sealed in a liquid-tight manner to the surrounding pressurized environment.
  • the subsea fuse assembly has a first electrical terminal and a second electrical terminal arranged in the rigid supporting wall for leading an electrical connection through the supporting wall for electrically contacting the fuse element.
  • the first part of the enclosure comprises at least a flexible portion configured to allow the first part of the enclosure to expand and contract so as to change the volume of the chamber and to enable a pressure balancing between a pressure prevailing inside the chamber and a pressure prevailing in the pressurized environment.
  • the flexible portion is configured such that a wall portion of the first part of the enclosure, which wall portion is located opposite of the rigid supporting wall, is movable so as to change the distance between the rigid supporting wall and the wall portion.
  • the volume compensation capability of the enclosure can be increased significantly.
  • the first part of the enclosure comprises at least a flexible portion configured to allow the first part of the enclosure to expand and contract so as to change the volume of the chamber and to enable a pressure balancing of the pressure inside the chamber to the pressurized environment.
  • the flexible portion is configured such that a wall portion of the first part of the enclosure that is located opposite of the rigid supporting wall is movable so as to change the distance between the rigid supporting wall and the wall portion.
  • the wall portion can move away from the rigid supporting wall so as to accommodate the additional volume of the produced gasses.
  • the flexible portion of the first part of the enclosure may itself provide pressure compensation by increasing or decreasing its outer perimeter, and furthermore deforms so as to allow the wall portion of the first part to change its distance to the rigid supporting wall. Effective pressure compensation and the compensation of significant volume changes due to the melting of a fuse element thus become possible. Since the first part of the enclosure and the rigid supporting wall provide a liquid-tight sealing to the surrounding environment, contamination, debris and the like which may form upon the melting of the fuse element cannot leave the chamber, thus preventing pollution of the environment surrounding the enclosure.
  • the first part of the enclosure comprises a side wall section, in particular a cylindrical section.
  • the side wall section is arranged between the wall portion and the rigid supporting wall.
  • the flexible portion forms part of the side wall section.
  • the flexible portion may thus allow the side wall section to extend and contract, thereby increasing or decreasing the distance between the wall portion and the rigid supporting wall.
  • the side wall section, in particular the flexible section may be arranged to provide a barrier between the chamber, i.e. inside the enclosure, and the surrounding pressurized environment.
  • the flexible portion of the first part of the enclosure may comprise or may consist of a bellows portion.
  • Such bellows portion allows the first part of the enclosure to expand and contract by a significant amount, and may thus allow the wall portion to change its distance to the rigid supporting wall by a significant amount. Large volume changes of a medium filling the enclosure may thus be compensated by the enclosure.
  • the wall portion of the first part of the enclosure may be formed by a rigid cover, in particular by a disk-shaped or rectangular rigid cover.
  • a rigid cover might provide protection for the components disposed inside the chamber.
  • the first part of the enclosure may comprise or consist of a cylindrical section having two openings.
  • the flexible portion may be a bellows portion forming part of the cylindrical section.
  • the wall portion may be provided by way of a rigid cover which is mounted and sealed to one opening of the cylindrical section.
  • the rigid supporting wall may be mounted and sealed to the other opening of the cylindrical section. Mounting and sealing may for example occur by way of a flange and bolts, an O-ring seal and/or a metal-to-metal seal, for example by a resilient O-ring seal or a metal O-ring seal. Yet it may also occur by way of soldering or welding or molding, depending on the type of material used for the different components of the enclosure.
  • the first part of the enclosure has a side wall section and a cover, the side wall section being located between the cover and the rigid supporting wall. At least part of the side wall section or the whole side wall section may be made of a resilient material to provide the flexible portion. Some rubber or plastic material, in particular polymer material may be used to provide the flexible portion. As an example, a membrane which can be stretched may be used to provide the flexible portion. In other embodiments, the first part of the enclosure may be completely made of a resilient material.
  • the flexible portion of the first part of the enclosure may be a telescopic portion, which may allow the expansion and contraction of the first part of the enclosure by two or more telescopic elements which may be sealed against each other and which are allowed to slide against each other.
  • the enclosure can be made relatively compact and robust, while at the same time allowing for relatively large volume changes of its interior chamber.
  • the fuse element has a first fuse terminal and a second fuse terminal.
  • the first fuse terminal is electrically and mechanically connected to the first electrical terminal provided in the rigid supporting wall.
  • the subsea fuse assembly may further comprise a mechanical linkage element which provides a mechanical linkage between the second fuse terminal and the wall portion of the first part of the enclosure.
  • the mechanical linkage element may be configured such that at least when the wall portion is moved to increase the distance to the rigid supporting wall by a predetermined distance, a separating force is applied to the second fuse terminal which acts to increase the spatial separation between the second fuse terminal and the first fuse terminal. Accordingly, during normal operation, when the enclosure provides pressure compensation by way of its flexible portion, no stress may be applied to a fuse element by the mechanical linkage element.
  • the mechanical linkage may for example be a chain, a wire, a line or a spring having slack.
  • the slack may be adjusted such that the mechanical linkage element applies a force to the second fuse terminal only after the wall portion has increased its distance to the rigid supporting wall by said predetermined distance.
  • the mechanical linkage element may for example be a spring which may increase the applied force constantly with the separation between the wall portion and the rigid supporting wall, or which may increase the applied spring force only after a certain elongation of the spring.
  • the mechanical linkage element may comprise a flexible element having slack or being bent. Besides a chain, a wire, or a rope, such flexible element may also be provided by a metal strip or plastic strip or the like. If it is implemented as a spring, it may for example comprise a coil spring or a leaf spring.
  • the fuse element is a first fuse element
  • the subsea fuse assembly comprises at least a further second fuse element.
  • the first fuse element and the second fuse element are connected in series between the first and second electrical terminals.
  • the first and second fuse elements may be arranged to extend (along their longitudinal direction) between the supporting wall and the wall portion. One end of the first fuse element is connected to the first electrical terminal and one end of the second fuse element is connected to the second electrical terminal.
  • the other ends of the first and second fuse elements (which may be termed second fuse terminals) are each connected to an electrical conductor for providing the series connection.
  • the longitudinal extension of the first and second fuse elements may be substantially perpendicular to the rigid supporting wall.
  • the electrical conductor may for example be a conductive bar, in particular a metal bar, such as a copper bar or a steel bar. Other configurations are certainly conceivable.
  • a third fuse element may be connected between the second fuse terminals of the first and second fuse elements, thus achieving a series connection of three fuse elements.
  • the electrical conductor may extend substantially parallel to the rigid supporting wall.
  • the electrical conductor may be a rigid conductor, in particular a conductive bar.
  • a mechanical linkage element (such as the one mentioned further above) may be mechanically coupled to the rigid conductor and to the wall portion. Accordingly, when the wall portion increases its distance to the rigid supporting wall, the mechanical linkage may be configured to apply a force to the second fuse terminals of both the first and the second fuse elements, thus increasing the distance between the two fuse terminals of each fuse element, and accelerating the extinguishing of an arc.
  • the mechanical linkage element may for example be coupled to a central portion of the rigid conductor, or the mechanical linkage element may comprise two elements each coupled to a portion close to an end of the rigid conductor, such as two springs, two chains, two wires or the like. A relatively symmetric application of force to both fuse elements may thus be achieved.
  • the subsea fuse assembly may further comprise a separating wall arranged between the first and the second fuse elements.
  • separating wall may provide mechanical stability.
  • the separating wall may be made of an electrically insulating material, such as a plastic material or the like. The separating wall may thus prevent an arcing between the two fuse elements.
  • the separating wall may provide mechanical support for the electrical conductor.
  • the electrical conductor may rest on the separating wall in such way that when a force is applied to the electrical conductor by the mechanical linkage element, the electrical conductor can move away from the separating wall in order to provide the separating force to the second fuse terminals.
  • the first electrical terminal and the second electrical terminal may each be provided by a penetrator through the rigid supporting wall.
  • a penetrator may for example comprise a conductive core and an electrically insulating sleeve.
  • each penetrator comprises a ceramic insulating sleeve.
  • the electrical conductors forming the terminals may be cast in a ceramic material.
  • the rigid supporting wall may be made of a metal, in particular of steel or may be made of a rigid plastic material.
  • the flexible portion of the first part of the enclosure may also be made of a metal, it may for example be provided by a metal bellows. Rigid means that the material is stiff enough to support the first and second electrical terminals and the first part of the enclosure.
  • the enclosure may furthermore comprise a filling port which is sealable for filling the enclosure with a dielectric liquid and/or sand.
  • the filling port may for example be provided in a side wall section or in a cover of the first part of the enclosure.
  • the chamber provided inside the enclosure may be filled with a dielectric liquid, or with a mixture of dielectric liquid and sand.
  • Liquid is substantially incompressible, so that the volume changes that need to be compensated upon an increase of the pressure in the pressurized environment, for example when the subsea fuse assembly is installed at a subsea location, are relatively small and can thus be easily compensated.
  • the extinguishing of an arc which forms between the fuse terminals of the fuse element upon melting of the fuse element can be accelerated.
  • At least a portion of the enclosure may be configured to break when a pressure inside the chamber exceeds a pressure of an ambient medium outside the enclosure by a predetermined pressure difference.
  • Such configuration may be provided in order to provide a leakage path for a medium that is present in the chamber, for example the dielectric liquid or for gases which might have formed. Accordingly, if an overpressure builds up inside the enclosure, the pressure can be released by way of this leakage path. If a device in which the subsea fuse assembly is for example retrieved from a subsea location, the safety of service personal working with or near the subsea fuse assembly after retrieval can be improved by providing such breaking of the enclosure.
  • the enclosure may for example be configured to break when the pressure difference between the chamber and the surrounding environment exceeds a pressure within the range of between about 0.5 and about 3 bar, for example if the pressure difference exceeds 1 bar.
  • the housing Due to the configuration of the enclosure which allows a relatively large expansion and contraction and thus changes of the volume of the interior chamber, the housing may be made relatively weak since in normal operation, even if a fuse element melts, the buildup of a significant pressure difference can be avoided.
  • a further embodiment of the invention relates to a method of providing a subsea fuse assembly for a pressurized environment.
  • the method comprises providing an enclosure having a first part which is hollow and a second part which is a rigid supporting wall, the enclosure enclosing a chamber; arranging a fuse element inside the chamber; mounting and sealing the first part of the enclosure to the rigid supporting wall such that the first part of the enclosure and the rigid supporting wall provide a liquid-tight sealing of the chamber to the surrounding environment; and providing a first electrical terminal and a second electrical terminal in the rigid supporting wall for leading an electrical connection through the supporting wall for electrically contacting the fuse element.
  • the first part of the enclosure comprises at least a flexible portion configured to allow the first part of the enclosure to expand and contract so as to change the volume of the chamber and to enable a pressure balancing of the pressure inside the chamber to the pressurized environment.
  • the flexible portion is configured such that a wall portion of the first part of the enclosure that is located opposite of the rigid supporting wall is movable so as to change the distance between the rigid supporting wall and the wall portion.
  • the method may be performed so as to provide a subsea fuse assembly in any of the above outlined configurations.
  • method steps described above with respect to the subsea fuse assembly may form part of embodiments of the method.
  • FIG. 1 shows a subsea fuse assembly 100 having a rigid supporting wall 20 in which the first and second electrical terminals 21 , 22 are arranged.
  • Rigid in this sense means that the supporting wall 20 is strong enough to carry the electrical terminals 21 , 22 to which for example a cable or bus bar is attached, which conduct the current that is to be broken by the fuse assembly.
  • the enclosure 50 of the subsea fuse assembly 100 has a first part 30 which is hollow. Together with a second part of the enclosure 50 formed by the rigid supporting wall 20 , a chamber 55 is enclosed.
  • a fuse element 10 is disposed. Fuse element 10 is electrically contacted via the first and second electrical terminals 21 , 22 . As illustrated, a first fuse terminal 11 is electrically connected to the first electrical terminal 21 and a second fuse terminal 12 is electrically connected to the second electrical terminal 22 . If a current flowing through fuse element 10 exceeds a predetermined threshold current, the fuse element 10 melts and thus interrupts the current.
  • Fuse element 10 can be configured in different ways. Fuse element 10 may for example be a metal strip, a perforated metal strip, coiled metal, or the like. Any suitable fuse element may be employed, depending on the particular application.
  • the first part 30 of the enclosure 50 has a wall portion 31 that is located opposite of the rigid supporting wall 20 . Furthermore, it includes a flexible portion 33 .
  • the flexible portion 33 preferably constitutes a portion of the side wall section 32 of the first part 30 .
  • the side wall section 32 may comprise a circumferential section of flexible material, such as rubber, a polymer material or the like, or may comprise a bellows portion or a telescopic portion.
  • the flexible portion 33 is configured such that if the volume of a medium filling chamber 55 increases, for example due to a temperature change, due to the generation of gasses inside chamber 55 , or due to a decreasing pressure outside the enclosure 50 , such volume change is accommodated by a deformation of the flexible portion 33 .
  • it is configured such that upon an increase of the volume of the medium, the wall portion 31 is enabled to increase its distance to the supporting wall 20 , and when the volume of the medium filling chamber 55 is reduced, wall portion 31 is allowed to decrease its distance to supporting wall 20 . As can be seen from FIG.
  • the flexible portion 33 also provides pressure compensation by expanding, bending and/or flexing, for example an inwards or outwards bulging of the respective side wall section 32 . Due to the flexibility of portion 33 , the outside pressure in the surrounding environment is transmitted to inside the chamber 55 . The pressure in chamber 55 is thus substantially equal to the pressure in the surrounding environment, wherein a small pressure difference may be present, since a certain spring constant may be associated with the flexible portion 33 of the enclosure 50 , which acts against an expansion.
  • both the side wall section 32 and the wall portion 31 may constitute the flexible portion, they may for example be made of a resilient material, in particular of a rubber material. Accordingly, the first part 30 including the side wall section 32 and the wall portion 31 may expand and contract in a bladder-like manner. Again, such configuration allows significant changes of the volume of chamber 55 .
  • the first part 30 of enclosure 50 is mounted and sealed to the second part constituted by supporting wall 20 , which has the shape of a circular or rectangular supporting plate.
  • the second part constituted by supporting wall 20 which has the shape of a circular or rectangular supporting plate.
  • pollution that may be produced inside the chamber 55 is prevented from contaminating the environment surrounding subsea fuse assembly 100 .
  • Subsea fuse assembly 100 may for example be disposed inside a subsea enclosure of an electric device, in which further electric and/or electronic components may be disposed that can be sensitive to such contamination.
  • Both, the subsea enclosure of such device, as well as the chamber 55 are preferably filled with a dielectric liquid.
  • the fuse element 10 melts i.e. the fuse “blows”
  • the resulting arcing can generate both gasses inside the dielectric liquid, and can furthermore generate particles which contaminate and pollute the dielectric liquid. These are effectively confined within the chamber 55 .
  • the generation of gasses will lead to an increase of the volume of the medium inside chamber 55 and an increase in pressure.
  • the additional volume is accommodated and consequently, the pressure is brought back to a level corresponding to that of the pressure in the surrounding environment.
  • first part 30 there are several possibilities of mounting and sealing the first part 30 to the supporting plate 20 . Possibilities include bolting, clamping, welding, soldering, molding and the like, depending on the type of material employed.
  • a flange 33 may be used to bolt the first part 30 to the supporting wall 20 .
  • seals such as a resilient O-ring seal or a metal O-ring seal may be provided. If both, the first part 30 and the supporting wall 20 are made of a plastic material, they may be molded together. If both, the first and the second part of enclosure 50 are made of metal, they may be soldered or welded together to provide both mounting and sealing.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a particular embodiment of the general embodiment of FIG. 1 . Accordingly, the explanations given above are equally applicable to FIG. 2 .
  • a first part 30 of enclosure 50 includes a flexible portion 33 in form of a bellows portion, which forms part of the side wall section 32 .
  • a first fuse element 10 and a second fuse element 15 are arranged within chamber 55 . Fuse elements 10 , 15 are series-connected between the first and second electrical terminals 21 , 22 .
  • the first fuse terminal 11 , 16 of each fuse element 10 , 15 is connected to the electrical terminal 21 , 22 , respectively, and a second fuse terminal 12 , 17 of each fuse element 10 , 15 is connected to a conductor 42 , in particular a metal bar, for example a copper or steel bar.
  • a conductor 42 in particular a metal bar, for example a copper or steel bar.
  • the second fuse terminal 12 of fuse element 10 is mechanically coupled to the wall portion 31 of the first part 30 of the enclosure.
  • a certain slack is provided so that the wall portion 31 is allowed to travel a certain distance before applying a force to the conductor 42 and thus to the second fuse terminal 12 .
  • the mechanical linkage element 41 can for example be implemented in form of a chain, a wire, a rope, a metal strip, a plastic strip, a coil spring, a leave spring or the like. It may comprise one, two or more of such elements.
  • the second fuse terminal 12 is mechanically connected to the mechanical linkage element 41 via the electrical conductor 42 . In other embodiments, it may be directly coupled to the mechanical linkage element 41 . Since both second fuse terminals 12 , 17 are electrically connected and mechanically coupled to the conductor 42 , they are both linked via the mechanical linkage element to the wall portion 31 . Accordingly, if wall portion 31 moves away from the rigid supporting wall 20 , linkage element 41 applies after a certain travel distance a force to the electrical conductor 42 , which in turn applies a separating force to the second fuse terminals 12 , 17 in a direction away from the first fuse terminals 11 , 16 . Such configuration supports the extinguishing of an arc forming between the first and second fuse terminals, as will be explained in more detail further below with respect to FIG. 3 .
  • a separating wall 43 is furthermore arranged. As can be seen, both the first and second fuse elements 10 , 15 and the separating wall 43 extend in a direction which is substantially perpendicular to the supporting wall 20 , away from the supporting wall 20 .
  • the separating wall 43 is arranged between the first and second fuse elements 10 , 15 .
  • the separating wall 43 may be made of an insulating material, such as a plastic insulator or ceramic insulator. Accordingly, separating wall 43 may prevent arcing from occurring between the first and second fuse elements 10 , 15 .
  • Separating wall 43 is furthermore configured to provide mechanical support for the electrical conductor 42 .
  • Electrical conductor 42 rests on supporting wall 43 .
  • a connecting structure may be provided between the electrical conductor 42 and the separating wall 43 to prevent a misalignment, for example a protrusion in one element and a recess in the other.
  • Electrical conductor 42 is not fixed to the separating wall 43 , but is allowed to separate and move away from separating wall 43 upon application of force to the electrical conductor 42 by the mechanical linkage element 41 .
  • a filling port 36 is provided in the enclosure 50 , in particular in the first part 30 of the enclosure in the example of FIG. 2 .
  • Filling port 36 can be used for filling chamber 55 with a dielectric liquid, and in particular with a mixture of dielectric liquid and sand.
  • a dielectric liquid such as a dielectric liquid, and in particular with a mixture of dielectric liquid and sand.
  • sand surrounding each arc may absorb energy and may thus support the quenching of the arc.
  • sand may first be filled into the chamber 55 , the chamber 55 may then be evacuated and the dielectric liquid may be filled into chamber 55 , thus avoiding the formation of air pockets.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a further embodiment of the subsea fuse assembly and shows a time series which may occur when the fuse “blows”.
  • the embodiment of the subsea fuse assembly essentially corresponds to that illustrated in FIG. 2 , so that the above explanations are equally applicable.
  • the subsea fuse assembly 100 of FIG. 3 comprises a mechanical linkage element 41 in form of two flexible strings or chains.
  • the filling port 36 is not illustrated in FIG. 3 .
  • a mechanical linkage element having two flexible elements the force applied by movement of the wall portion 31 may be distributed more evenly to the second fuse terminals 12 , 17 of the two fuse elements 10 , 15 .
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the situation in which the subsea fuse assembly 100 is in normal operation, with the mechanical linkage element 41 being in a relaxed state.
  • the flexible portion 33 of the enclosure provides pressure compensation, for example if the temperature of the medium filling chamber 55 or if the temperature of the outside environment changes.
  • FIG. 3B illustrates the occurrence of an over current situation where the fuse elements need to break the current.
  • the excessive current will cause heating of the fuse elements and the fuse elements 10 , 15 melt.
  • arcing will occur in each fuse element.
  • gases and debris develop, which will cause an expansion and increase in the volume of the medium filling the chamber 55 .
  • the enclosure 50 confines the generated gases and debris to within the chamber 55 .
  • the increase in volume is accommodated by movement of wall portion 31 away from the supporting wall 20 , as indicated by the arrow.
  • the mechanical linkage elements 41 are being stretched and start to apply a force to the electrical conductor 42 , which in turn applies a respective force to the second fuse terminals 12 , 17 .
  • the subsea fuse assembly 100 By embodiments of the subsea fuse assembly 100 , several advantages can be achieved.
  • the flexibility of the enclosure 50 will act as a pressure compensator, accommodating volume changes of the medium filling chamber 55 due to pressure changes and temperature changes.
  • it will ensure that the pressure inside chamber 55 is substantially equal to the external pressure prevailing in the surrounding pressurized environment. This will prevent an implosion of the enclosure 50 , and allows the use of relatively thin walls for the enclosure 50 , compared to solutions which make use of an atmospheric canister for housing a fuse.
  • the enclosure 50 further enables the fuse assembly to contain pollution, gasses or debris that may be created during the melting of a fuse element. Pollution of a surrounding dielectric liquid and thus damage of nearby electric or electronic components can thus be prevented. As a further benefit, such solution is also more cost-efficient to produce compared to an atmospheric canister type fuse.
  • a relatively thin walled enclosure may be used for the subsea fuse assembly, it can be configured to break at a relatively low pressure difference between the interior of the enclosure 50 and the outside environment.
  • the enclosure may break if the pressure inside the enclosure is one bar higher than the pressure in the surrounding environment.
  • these gases expand upon a decrease of the surrounding pressure (during retrieval of the subsea device), and they may expand to a degree where the enclosure is no longer capable of accommodating the volume change, thus leading to an increase of the internal pressure compared to the environment.
  • the enclosure breaks, it will release the expanding gases when being depressurized. This way, the safety of service personal working on or near the subsea fuse assembly after depressurization can be ensured. If the housing would be configured to contain the pressurized gasses, these may be dangerous to service personal when attempting to open the enclosure.
  • the flexible portion of the first part of the enclosure may be configured such that a compression and expansion of the first part of the enclosure is only allowed to occur in direction that is substantially perpendicular to the supporting wall (i.e. the up/down direction in the drawings).
  • Embodiments of the subsea fuse assembly are furthermore configured in such way that a separating force is applied to the fuse elements if a pressure buildup occurs inside the enclosure due to the melting of the fuse element.
  • a separating force is applied to the fuse elements if a pressure buildup occurs inside the enclosure due to the melting of the fuse element.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
US14/849,662 2014-10-30 2015-09-10 Subsea fuse assembly Abandoned US20160126046A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14191074.5 2014-10-30
EP14191074.5A EP3016128A1 (de) 2014-10-30 2014-10-30 Unterwasserschmelzsicherungsanordnung

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US (1) US20160126046A1 (de)
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170170640A1 (en) * 2015-12-15 2017-06-15 Onesubsea Ip Uk Limited Gas filled subsea electronics housing with spring engaged heat sink
DE102018113499A1 (de) * 2018-06-06 2019-12-12 Witzenmann Gmbh Gehäuse für ein elektrotechnisches Bauelement
US20220359143A1 (en) * 2021-05-04 2022-11-10 Defang Yuan Fast smart circuit breaker

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3241983A1 (de) * 2016-05-02 2017-11-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fach für eine unterwasservorrichtung
EP3312867A1 (de) 2016-10-19 2018-04-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische anordnung zur verwendung in einer hochdruckumgebung
CN107706065B (zh) * 2017-11-21 2019-02-12 国网山东省电力公司烟台供电公司 一种适用于潮湿环境下的盒式熔断器
JP7390825B2 (ja) * 2019-08-29 2023-12-04 デクセリアルズ株式会社 保護素子、バッテリパック

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1600095A (en) * 1978-03-06 1981-10-14 Trw Inc Apparatus and electronic components thereof for use in a pressurized environment
EP2492947B1 (de) * 2011-02-22 2016-09-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische Unterwassersicherung
EP2495746A1 (de) 2011-03-02 2012-09-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Unterwasserschmelzsicherungsanordnung

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170170640A1 (en) * 2015-12-15 2017-06-15 Onesubsea Ip Uk Limited Gas filled subsea electronics housing with spring engaged heat sink
US9806503B2 (en) * 2015-12-15 2017-10-31 Onesubsea Ip Uk Limited Gas filled subsea electronics housing with spring engaged heat sink
US20180123328A1 (en) * 2015-12-15 2018-05-03 Onesubsea Ip Uk Limited Gas filled subsea electronics housing with spring engaged heat sink
US10411443B2 (en) * 2015-12-15 2019-09-10 Onesubsea Ip Uk Limited Gas filled subsea electronics housing with spring engaged heat sink
DE102018113499A1 (de) * 2018-06-06 2019-12-12 Witzenmann Gmbh Gehäuse für ein elektrotechnisches Bauelement
US20220359143A1 (en) * 2021-05-04 2022-11-10 Defang Yuan Fast smart circuit breaker
US11610752B2 (en) * 2021-05-04 2023-03-21 Defang Yuan Fast smart circuit breaker

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BR102015025632A2 (pt) 2016-05-24

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