US20160032912A1 - Device for pumping fluid from a wellbore - Google Patents
Device for pumping fluid from a wellbore Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20160032912A1 US20160032912A1 US14/774,559 US201414774559A US2016032912A1 US 20160032912 A1 US20160032912 A1 US 20160032912A1 US 201414774559 A US201414774559 A US 201414774559A US 2016032912 A1 US2016032912 A1 US 2016032912A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- pump
- piston member
- chamber
- storage chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 10
- 241000191291 Abies alba Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/129—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by fluid supplied from outside the borehole
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B47/00—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B47/00—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
- F04B47/02—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps the driving mechanisms being situated at ground level
- F04B47/04—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps the driving mechanisms being situated at ground level the driving means incorporating fluid means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device and a method for pumping fluid from a wellbore formed in an earth formation.
- water for instance from the surrounding earth formation or condensed water
- Part of the formation water or condensed water generally flows out of the wellbore together with the produced gas.
- a significant amount of water may accumulate in the lower portion of the wellbore.
- Other liquids, such as gas condensate, may also accumulate in the wellbore.
- deliquefaction removes the accumulated liquid from the wellbore using a technique referred to as deliquefaction.
- US-2010/0051282-A1 discloses a pump arranged in a wellbore, which pump is driven by a power fluid that is pumped through an inflow conduit passing through a production tubing of the wellbore.
- the formation water pumped by the pump is mixed with the power fluid and discharged from the wellbore via a fluid return line passing through the production tubing.
- WO-86/02412 discloses a surface powered pump unit for pumping oil or water from wells.
- the pump unit comprises a downhole pump connected to surface via a conventional tubing string.
- a device for pumping fluid from a wellbore formed in an earth formation comprising:
- the invention also relates to a method of pumping fluid from a wellbore formed in an earth formation, the method comprising:
- the fluid conduit serves both for driving the device to perform the pump cycles, and for discharging fluid that is pumped out of the wellbore.
- the ability to use a single fluid conduit for these two functionalities obviates the need to install and operate separate fluid conduits for driving the downhole pump and for discharging the pumped fluid, as is the case in the prior art.
- the device comprises an inlet for inflow of said volume of fluid from the wellbore into the pump chamber, the inlet being provided with first valve means preventing outflow of fluid from the pump chamber via the inlet.
- the pump chamber suitably is in fluid communication with the storage chamber via a transfer channel provided with second valve means preventing flow of fluid from the storage chamber to the pump chamber via the transfer channel.
- the outlet channel is provided with third valve means preventing flow of fluid from the fluid conduit to the storage chamber via the outlet channel.
- the pressurising means includes a reciprocating member arranged in the storage chamber and means for exerting a force to the reciprocating member so as to press the reciprocating member against the volume of fluid in the storage chamber.
- said means for exerting a force to the reciprocating member comprises a volume of compressed gas, such as Nitrogen gas.
- the outlet channel debouches into the pump chamber
- the closure means comprises a wall portion of the piston member that closes the outlet channel during each pump stroke of the piston member.
- the volume of fluid may be efficiently discharged from the storage chamber if the wall of the piston member is provided with a passage that provides fluid communication between the outlet channel and the interior of the conduit in between successive pump strokes of the piston member.
- the wellbore is provided with a production tubing for transporting produced hydrocarbon fluid to surface, wherein the pump device is positioned in a lower portion of the production tubing, and wherein the fluid conduit extends through the production tubing to surface.
- the device is suitably arranged to pump water from a body of water via the fluid conduit to surface, which body of water has entered the wellbore from the surrounding earth formation.
- the pump device or a part thereof is retrievably connected to the conduit so as to allow the pump device or said part thereof to be retrieved through the fluid conduit to surface by means of a wire line. This may be done, for example, for maintenance purposes.
- the piston member generally performs a series of return strokes alternatingly with the series of pump strokes, whereby each return stroke suitably is induced by a spring that is compressed during each pump stroke by virtue of said selected fluid pressure increase in the fluid conduit.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows an exemplary wellbore provided with the device for pumping fluid from the wellbore in accordance with the invention
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a first embodiment of a pump assembly of the device for pumping fluid from the wellbore
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a second embodiment of a pump assembly of the device for pumping fluid from the wellbore
- FIG. 4 schematically shows a third embodiment of a pump assembly of the device for pumping fluid from the wellbore.
- FIG. 5 shows the third embodiment with some components disassembled.
- FIG. 1 there is shown a wellbore 1 that has been drilled from surface 3 through an earth formation 4 to a reservoir layer 6 of the earth formation.
- the reservoir 6 comprises hydrocarbon gas and may be located at a depth of, for example, 3000 m.
- the wellbore 1 is lined with casings 8 A-C and a liner 8 D arranged in a conventional nested arrangement.
- the casings 8 A-C extend from a wellhead 9 at surface into the wellbore 1 .
- a Christmas tree 10 is provided on top of the wellhead 9 .
- the liner 8 D is suspended from casing 8 C by a liner hanger 12 arranged at a down hole location, and extends from there to the reservoir layer 6 .
- a lower portion 14 of the liner 8 D is provided with perforations 15 to allow hydrocarbon fluid from the reservoir layer 6 to enter the lower portion 14 of the liner.
- a production tubing 16 extends from wellhead 9 and Christmas tree 10 through the interior of casing 8 C and liner 8 D, into the lower liner portion 14 .
- the production tubing 16 is internally provided with a sub-surface safety valve (sssv) 17 that is controlled by a hydraulic control line (not shown) extending from surface 3 into the wellbore 1 along the outside of the production tubing 16 .
- the sub-surface safety valve 17 is located at a depth of, for example, approximately 100 m, and is adapted to close the production tubing in the event of an emergency.
- a production packer 18 is provided between the production tubing 16 and the liner 8 D to seal a lower portion of the wellbore 1 where the inlet of the production tubing 16 is located, from an upper portion of the wellbore 1 .
- the wellbore 1 contains a body of water 19 that has entered the wellbore from the surrounding earth formation.
- a fluid conduit in the form of a coiled tubing 20 extends from the wellhead 9 at surface through the interior of the production tubing 16 , to near the open lower end of the production tubing 16 .
- the coiled tubing 20 is supplied from a large reel (not shown) and may have an outer diameter of, for example, 2.5-8.5 cm.
- a pump assembly 22 for pumping water from the body of water 19 out of the wellbore 1 via the coiled tubing.
- the coiled tubing 20 is fluidly connected to an outlet conduit 24 provided at the Christmas tree 10 , and to a surface pump 26 for selectively increasing the fluid pressure in the coiled tubing 20 by pumping water into the coiled tubing.
- the outlet conduit 24 is provided with a valve (not shown) that closes the outlet conduit when the surface pump 26 is actuated.
- the production tubing 16 is at surface fluidly connected to a flow line 28 for transporting hydrocarbon gas that is produced from the reservoir layer 6 via the production tubing 16 .
- the first embodiment 29 comprises a cylindrical housing 30 positioned inside the coiled tubing 20 at the lower end thereof and fixedly connected to the coiled tubing by a lock ring 32 .
- a seal ring 34 seals the housing 30 relative to the wall of the coiled tubing.
- An upper part of the housing 30 is provided with a cylindrical pump chamber 36 in which a piston member 38 is arranged.
- the piston member 38 is axially movable in the pump chamber 36 between an upper position and a lower position, and is provided with annular seals 40 a, 40 b to seal the piston member to the wall of the pump chamber.
- the wall of the pump chamber 36 is provided with an annular seal 40 c for additional sealing.
- a compression spring 41 is provided between a flanged upper end 42 of the piston member 38 and the housing 30 so as to bias the piston member 38 against a stop ring 43 at the inner surface of the coiled tubing 20 . When the flanged upper end 42 is biased against the stop ring 43 , the piston member 38 is in the upper position.
- the piston member 38 has a tubular portion 44 which, at its upper end, is in fluid communication with the interior of the coiled tubing 20 .
- the wall of the tubular portion 44 is provided with a radial passage 45 located between the annular seals 40 a, 40 b.
- the housing 30 has a fluid inlet 46 that is in fluid communication with the body of water 19 via inlet openings 48 provided in the wall of the coiled tubing 20 .
- a check valve 50 is arranged between the fluid inlet 46 and the pump chamber 36 to allow flow of fluid from the fluid inlet 46 to the pump chamber 36 , and to prevent flow of fluid from the pump chamber 36 to the fluid inlet 46 .
- a lower part of the housing 30 is provided with a cylindrical storage chamber 52 in which a reciprocating member 54 is arranged, the reciprocating member 54 being freely movable in axial direction in the storage chamber 52 between an upper position and a lower position.
- An annular seal 55 is provided between the reciprocating member 54 and the wall of the storage chamber 52 .
- the storage chamber 52 is at the lower end thereof closed by means of a plug 56 .
- the portion of the storage chamber 52 that is located between the reciprocating member 54 and the plug 56 is filled with compressed Nitrogen gas, and is referred to as the gas chamber 57 .
- the plug 56 is provided with a pressure gauge 58 for measuring the pressure of the Nitrogen gas.
- a transfer channel 60 is formed in the housing 30 , which transfer channel provides fluid communication between the pump chamber 36 and the storage chamber 52 .
- a first check valve 62 allows flow of fluid from the pump chamber 36 to the storage chamber 52 via the transfer channel 60 and prevents flow of fluid through the transfer channel in reverse direction.
- the storage chamber 52 has an outlet channel 64 formed in the housing 30 , which outlet channel is at its upper end aligned with the passage 45 in the wall of the piston member 38 when the piston member is in the upper position.
- the outlet channel 64 provides fluid communication between the storage chamber 52 and the coiled tubing 20 .
- the outlet channel 64 is closed by a wall portion 66 of the piston member so that flow of fluid from the storage chamber 52 to the coiled tubing 20 is blocked.
- the outlet channel 64 is provided with a second check valve 68 that allows flow of fluid from the storage chamber 52 to the coiled tubing 20 and prevents flow of fluid from the coiled tubing 20 to the storage chamber 52 .
- the second embodiment 70 of the pump assembly 22 is largely similar to the first embodiment 29 of the pump assembly, however differing therefrom in the following aspects.
- the second embodiment 70 includes a housing 72 connected to the lower end of the coiled tubing 20 , for example by a threaded connection.
- the housing 72 includes lower and upper housing sections 72 a, 72 b which are interconnected by a threaded connection 73 .
- An insert member 74 extends into an upper end of housing section 72 a and into a lower end of housing section 72 b. Annular spaces 78 a to 78 d are provided between the insert member 74 on one hand and the housing sections 72 a, 72 b on the other hand. The annular spaces 78 a - d are sealed from each other and from the pump chamber 36 by appropriate annular seals (not shown).
- the insert member 74 has a fluid inlet 82 in fluid communication with the body of water 19 via annular space 78 c and an inlet opening 84 in housing section 72 a.
- the first check valve 62 is provided to allow flow of fluid from the fluid inlet 82 to the pump chamber 36 , and to prevent flow of fluid from the pump chamber to the fluid inlet.
- the storage chamber 52 has an outlet channel 64 formed by a bore 88 in the lower housing section 72 a, a bore 89 in the insert member, and a bore 90 in the upper housing section 72 b.
- the tubular portion 44 of the piston member 38 is provided with a series of radial passages 45 located between the annular seals 40 a, 40 b.
- the bore 90 is at its upper end aligned with the passages 45 in the wall of the piston member 38 when the piston member is in the upper position.
- the outlet channel 64 provides fluid communication between the storage chamber 52 and the coiled tubing 20 .
- the outlet channel 64 is closed by the wall portion 66 of the piston member so that flow of fluid from the storage chamber 52 to the coiled tubing 20 is blocked.
- the second check valve 68 allows flow of fluid from the storage chamber 52 to the coiled tubing 20 via the outlet channel 64 and prevents flow of fluid through the outlet channel in reverse direction.
- the third embodiment 92 of the pump assembly 22 is largely similar to the second embodiment 70 of the pump assembly, however differing therefrom in the following aspects.
- the third embodiment 92 comprises a housing 94 connected to the lower end of the coiled tubing 20 , for example by a threaded connection.
- the housing 94 includes lower and upper housing sections 94 a, 94 b which are interconnected e.g. by a threaded connection.
- a tube 95 extends around the upper housing section 94 b whereby an annular space 96 is defined between the tube 95 and the upper housing section 94 b.
- the tube 95 is at both ends thereof sealed to the upper housing section 94 b by suitable seals (not shown).
- An insert member 97 extends into an upper end of housing section 94 a and into a lower end of housing section 94 b.
- the insert member 97 is retrievable from the housing 94 by means of a wireline (not shown) that may be lowered from surface into the wellbore.
- the wireline is connectable into a tubular upper portion 98 of the insert member 97 , which upper portion is latched to housing section 94 b by a latching mechanism 99 .
- a lower portion 100 of the insert member is axially adjustable relative to the upper portion 98 .
- Annular spaces 102 a - c are provided between the lower portion 100 on one hand and the housing sections 94 a, 94 b on the other hand.
- the annular spaces 102 a - c are sealed from each other and from the pump chamber 36 by appropriate annular seals (not shown).
- the insert member 97 is provided with a fluid inlet 104 that is in fluid communication with the body of water 19 via an inlet opening 106 in housing section 94 a .
- a check valve 108 is provided to open or close the fluid communication between the conduit 20 and the fluid inlet 104 and inlet opening 106 .
- the pump chamber 36 is in fluid communication with the storage chamber 52 .
- the fluid communication is for instance via a transfer channel 110 formed in the tubular upper portion 98 of the insert member, a bore 112 provided in the insert member, and a bore 114 provided in the lower housing section 94 a.
- the first check valve 62 allows flow of fluid from the pump chamber 36 to the storage chamber 52 , but prevents flow of fluid in reverse direction.
- the piston member 38 also is retrievable from the housing 94 by a wireline that is connectable into a tubular upper end 116 of the piston member.
- the piston member 38 is provided with a latching member 118 axially slidable relative to the tubular portion 44 of the piston member.
- the latching member 118 has fingers 120 that latch into a recess 121 at the inner surface of upper housing section 94 b.
- the latching member 118 is provided with annular seals 122 , 123 to seal the latching member to the tubular portion 44 of the piston member, and to housing section 94 b.
- the storage chamber 52 has an outlet channel 124 formed by bore 88 in the lower housing section 94 a, a bore 126 in the insert member, radial opening 111 , annular space 96 , and a series of radial bores 128 formed in upper housing section 94 b.
- the radial bores 128 are aligned with the passages 45 in the wall of the piston member 38 when the piston member is in the upper position.
- the outlet channel 124 provides fluid communication between the storage chamber 52 and the coiled tubing 20 .
- the outlet channel 124 is closed by the wall portion 66 of the piston member so that flow of fluid from the storage chamber 52 to the coiled tubing 20 is blocked.
- the second check valve 68 allows flow of fluid from the storage chamber 52 to the coiled tubing 20 , but prevents flow of fluid in reverse direction.
- the pump chamber initially contains a volume of water and the coiled tubing 20 is filled with water.
- a pump cycle of the pump assembly is started by actuating the surface pump 26 so as to induce a pressure increase in the water column in the coiled tubing 20 .
- the magnitude of the pressure increase is selected such as to cause the piston member 38 to move from its upper position to its lower position thereby performing a pump stroke whereby the volume of water is pumped out of the pump chamber 36 and into the storage chamber 52 via the transfer channel 60 .
- the reciprocating member 54 moves downwardly and compresses the Nitrogen gas in the gas chamber 57 .
- outflow of water from the storage chamber 52 via the outlet channel 64 is prevented since the outlet channel is blocked at its upper end by wall portion 66 of the piston member 38 .
- the outlet channel 64 is thereby no longer blocked by the wall portion 66 of the piston member, and the compressed Nitrogen gas in the gas chamber 57 causes the reciprocating member 54 to move upwardly thereby pumping the volume of water via the outlet channel 64 into the tubular portion 44 of the piston member 38 and thence further into the coiled tubing 20 . From there, the volume of water flows is discharged via the outlet conduit 24 at surface. A next pump cycle is then started in similar manner whereby said further volume of water is pumped out of the wellbore, etc.
- Normal use of the second embodiment 70 of the pump assembly is substantially similar to normal use of the first embodiment 29 .
- the volume of water is pumped from the pump chamber 36 to the storage chamber 52 via the transfer channel 60 , and from the storage chamber 52 to the coiled tubing 20 via the outlet channel 64 .
- the housing sections 72 a, 72 b are disconnected from each other at the threaded connection 73 . Thereafter, the insert member 74 can be removed from the housing sections 72 a, 72 b.
- Normal use of the third embodiment 92 of the pump assembly is substantially similar to normal use of the first embodiment 29 .
- the volume of water is pumped from the pump chamber 36 to the storage chamber 52 via the transfer channel 110 , and from the storage chamber 52 to the coiled tubing 20 via the outlet channel 124 .
- a wireline is lowered into the coiled tubing 20 and connected to the tubular upper end 116 of the piston member.
- the wireline is then pulled back whereupon the fingers 120 of the latching member 118 unlatch from the recess 121 in the housing section 94 b, and the piston member 38 together with the latching member 118 is retrieved to surface through the coiled tubing.
- the insert member 97 also may be retrieved by means of the wireline that is lowered into the coiled tubing 20 and connected to the tubular upper portion 98 of the insert member 97 . The wireline is then pulled back whereupon the latching mechanism 99 unlatches, and the insert member 97 is retrieved to surface through the coiled tubing.
- a conductor cable extends from surface to the downhole pump assembly through the interior of the coiled tubing or outside the coiled tubing.
- the conductor cable may be used for transmitting downhole data to surface, for example data on the water level in the wellbore, downhole temperature, or downhole pressure.
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a device and a method for pumping fluid from a wellbore formed in an earth formation.
- In hydrocarbon wells, such as gas wells, it frequently occurs that water, for instance from the surrounding earth formation or condensed water, accumulates in the wellbore. Part of the formation water or condensed water generally flows out of the wellbore together with the produced gas. However, over time a significant amount of water may accumulate in the lower portion of the wellbore. Other liquids, such as gas condensate, may also accumulate in the wellbore.
- The accumulated liquid in the wellbore is potentially detrimental to the production of hydrocarbon gas from the wellbore. Therefore, generally there is a need to remove the accumulated liquid from the wellbore using a technique referred to as deliquefaction.
- US-2010/0051282-A1 discloses a pump arranged in a wellbore, which pump is driven by a power fluid that is pumped through an inflow conduit passing through a production tubing of the wellbore. The formation water pumped by the pump is mixed with the power fluid and discharged from the wellbore via a fluid return line passing through the production tubing.
- In view of the limited diameter of a wellbore and the correspondingly limited available space, it is a drawback of the known pump system that separate fluid conduits are needed in the wellbore for driving the downhole pump and for discharging the pumped water to surface.
- WO-86/02412 discloses a surface powered pump unit for pumping oil or water from wells. The pump unit comprises a downhole pump connected to surface via a conventional tubing string.
- It is an object of the invention to provide an improved device for pumping fluid from a wellbore.
- In accordance with the invention there is provided a device for pumping fluid from a wellbore formed in an earth formation, comprising:
-
- a piston member arranged in a pump chamber in a manner allowing the piston member to perform a series of pump strokes whereby at each pump stroke a volume of said fluid is pumped out of the pump chamber by the piston member;
- a fluid conduit arranged so as to induce each pump stroke of the piston member by a selected fluid pressure increase in the fluid conduit;
- a storage chamber for receiving said volume of fluid from the pump chamber and pressurising means for applying hydraulic pressure to the volume of fluid in the storage chamber;
- an outlet channel for discharging the volume of fluid from the storage chamber into the fluid conduit; and
- closure means for closing the outlet channel during each pump stroke of the piston member.
- The invention also relates to a method of pumping fluid from a wellbore formed in an earth formation, the method comprising:
-
- providing a piston member arranged in a pump chamber in a manner allowing the piston member to perform a series of pump strokes whereby at each pump stroke a volume of said fluid is pumped out of the pump chamber by the piston member;
- applying a selected fluid pressure increase in a fluid conduit arranged so as to induce each pump stroke of the piston member by the selected fluid pressure increase;
- receiving said volume of fluid from the pump chamber in a storage chamber and applying hydraulic pressure to the volume of fluid in the storage chamber using pressurising means;
- discharging the volume of fluid from the storage chamber into the fluid conduit via an outlet channel; and
- closing the outlet channel during each pump stroke of the piston member using closing means.
- With the device and the method of the invention it is achieved that the fluid conduit serves both for driving the device to perform the pump cycles, and for discharging fluid that is pumped out of the wellbore. The ability to use a single fluid conduit for these two functionalities obviates the need to install and operate separate fluid conduits for driving the downhole pump and for discharging the pumped fluid, as is the case in the prior art.
- Suitably the device comprises an inlet for inflow of said volume of fluid from the wellbore into the pump chamber, the inlet being provided with first valve means preventing outflow of fluid from the pump chamber via the inlet.
- To prevent backflow of pumped fluid into the pump chamber, the pump chamber suitably is in fluid communication with the storage chamber via a transfer channel provided with second valve means preventing flow of fluid from the storage chamber to the pump chamber via the transfer channel.
- To prevent fluid from flowing directly from the fluid conduit to the storage chamber, preferably the outlet channel is provided with third valve means preventing flow of fluid from the fluid conduit to the storage chamber via the outlet channel.
- Suitably the pressurising means includes a reciprocating member arranged in the storage chamber and means for exerting a force to the reciprocating member so as to press the reciprocating member against the volume of fluid in the storage chamber. For example, said means for exerting a force to the reciprocating member comprises a volume of compressed gas, such as Nitrogen gas.
- In an advantageous embodiment of the device, the outlet channel debouches into the pump chamber, and the closure means comprises a wall portion of the piston member that closes the outlet channel during each pump stroke of the piston member.
- The volume of fluid may be efficiently discharged from the storage chamber if the wall of the piston member is provided with a passage that provides fluid communication between the outlet channel and the interior of the conduit in between successive pump strokes of the piston member.
- In each pump stroke the piston member moves from a first end position to a second end position. Advantageously said passage provides fluid communication between the outlet opening and the interior of the fluid conduit when the piston member is in the first end position.
- In a practical application, the wellbore is provided with a production tubing for transporting produced hydrocarbon fluid to surface, wherein the pump device is positioned in a lower portion of the production tubing, and wherein the fluid conduit extends through the production tubing to surface.
- The device is suitably arranged to pump water from a body of water via the fluid conduit to surface, which body of water has entered the wellbore from the surrounding earth formation.
- Suitably the pump device or a part thereof is retrievably connected to the conduit so as to allow the pump device or said part thereof to be retrieved through the fluid conduit to surface by means of a wire line. This may be done, for example, for maintenance purposes.
- The piston member generally performs a series of return strokes alternatingly with the series of pump strokes, whereby each return stroke suitably is induced by a spring that is compressed during each pump stroke by virtue of said selected fluid pressure increase in the fluid conduit.
- The invention will explained hereinafter in more detail and by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 schematically shows an exemplary wellbore provided with the device for pumping fluid from the wellbore in accordance with the invention; -
FIG. 2 schematically shows a first embodiment of a pump assembly of the device for pumping fluid from the wellbore; -
FIG. 3 schematically shows a second embodiment of a pump assembly of the device for pumping fluid from the wellbore; -
FIG. 4 schematically shows a third embodiment of a pump assembly of the device for pumping fluid from the wellbore; and -
FIG. 5 shows the third embodiment with some components disassembled. - In the Figures and the detailed description hereinafter, like reference signs relate to like components.
- Referring to
FIG. 1 there is shown awellbore 1 that has been drilled fromsurface 3 through anearth formation 4 to a reservoir layer 6 of the earth formation. The reservoir 6 comprises hydrocarbon gas and may be located at a depth of, for example, 3000 m. Thewellbore 1 is lined with casings 8A-C and a liner 8D arranged in a conventional nested arrangement. The casings 8A-C extend from awellhead 9 at surface into thewellbore 1. A Christmastree 10 is provided on top of thewellhead 9. The liner 8D is suspended from casing 8C by aliner hanger 12 arranged at a down hole location, and extends from there to the reservoir layer 6. Alower portion 14 of the liner 8D is provided withperforations 15 to allow hydrocarbon fluid from the reservoir layer 6 to enter thelower portion 14 of the liner. - A
production tubing 16 extends fromwellhead 9 and Christmastree 10 through the interior of casing 8C and liner 8D, into thelower liner portion 14. Theproduction tubing 16 is internally provided with a sub-surface safety valve (sssv) 17 that is controlled by a hydraulic control line (not shown) extending fromsurface 3 into thewellbore 1 along the outside of theproduction tubing 16. Thesub-surface safety valve 17 is located at a depth of, for example, approximately 100 m, and is adapted to close the production tubing in the event of an emergency. Aproduction packer 18 is provided between theproduction tubing 16 and the liner 8D to seal a lower portion of thewellbore 1 where the inlet of theproduction tubing 16 is located, from an upper portion of thewellbore 1. Thewellbore 1 contains a body ofwater 19 that has entered the wellbore from the surrounding earth formation. - A fluid conduit in the form of a
coiled tubing 20 extends from thewellhead 9 at surface through the interior of theproduction tubing 16, to near the open lower end of theproduction tubing 16. The coiledtubing 20 is supplied from a large reel (not shown) and may have an outer diameter of, for example, 2.5-8.5 cm. At the lower end of the coiledtubing 20 there is provided apump assembly 22 for pumping water from the body ofwater 19 out of thewellbore 1 via the coiled tubing. The coiledtubing 20 is fluidly connected to anoutlet conduit 24 provided at the Christmastree 10, and to asurface pump 26 for selectively increasing the fluid pressure in the coiledtubing 20 by pumping water into the coiled tubing. Theoutlet conduit 24 is provided with a valve (not shown) that closes the outlet conduit when thesurface pump 26 is actuated. Theproduction tubing 16 is at surface fluidly connected to aflow line 28 for transporting hydrocarbon gas that is produced from the reservoir layer 6 via theproduction tubing 16. - Referring further to
FIG. 2 there is shown a schematic representation of afirst embodiment 29 of thepump assembly 22. Thefirst embodiment 29 comprises acylindrical housing 30 positioned inside the coiledtubing 20 at the lower end thereof and fixedly connected to the coiled tubing by alock ring 32. Aseal ring 34 seals thehousing 30 relative to the wall of the coiled tubing. - An upper part of the
housing 30 is provided with acylindrical pump chamber 36 in which apiston member 38 is arranged. Thepiston member 38 is axially movable in thepump chamber 36 between an upper position and a lower position, and is provided withannular seals pump chamber 36 is provided with anannular seal 40 c for additional sealing. Acompression spring 41 is provided between a flangedupper end 42 of thepiston member 38 and thehousing 30 so as to bias thepiston member 38 against astop ring 43 at the inner surface of the coiledtubing 20. When the flangedupper end 42 is biased against thestop ring 43, thepiston member 38 is in the upper position. Thepiston member 38 has atubular portion 44 which, at its upper end, is in fluid communication with the interior of the coiledtubing 20. The wall of thetubular portion 44 is provided with aradial passage 45 located between theannular seals housing 30 has afluid inlet 46 that is in fluid communication with the body ofwater 19 viainlet openings 48 provided in the wall of the coiledtubing 20. Acheck valve 50 is arranged between thefluid inlet 46 and thepump chamber 36 to allow flow of fluid from thefluid inlet 46 to thepump chamber 36, and to prevent flow of fluid from thepump chamber 36 to thefluid inlet 46. - A lower part of the
housing 30 is provided with acylindrical storage chamber 52 in which a reciprocatingmember 54 is arranged, the reciprocatingmember 54 being freely movable in axial direction in thestorage chamber 52 between an upper position and a lower position. Anannular seal 55 is provided between the reciprocatingmember 54 and the wall of thestorage chamber 52. Thestorage chamber 52 is at the lower end thereof closed by means of aplug 56. The portion of thestorage chamber 52 that is located between the reciprocatingmember 54 and theplug 56 is filled with compressed Nitrogen gas, and is referred to as thegas chamber 57. Theplug 56 is provided with apressure gauge 58 for measuring the pressure of the Nitrogen gas. - A
transfer channel 60 is formed in thehousing 30, which transfer channel provides fluid communication between thepump chamber 36 and thestorage chamber 52. Afirst check valve 62 allows flow of fluid from thepump chamber 36 to thestorage chamber 52 via thetransfer channel 60 and prevents flow of fluid through the transfer channel in reverse direction. - The
storage chamber 52 has anoutlet channel 64 formed in thehousing 30, which outlet channel is at its upper end aligned with thepassage 45 in the wall of thepiston member 38 when the piston member is in the upper position. Thus, when thepiston member 38 is in the upper position, theoutlet channel 64 provides fluid communication between thestorage chamber 52 and the coiledtubing 20. When thepassage 45 is not aligned with theoutlet channel 64, that is, when the piston member moves toward its lower position or moves from the lower position to the upper position, theoutlet channel 64 is closed by awall portion 66 of the piston member so that flow of fluid from thestorage chamber 52 to the coiledtubing 20 is blocked. Further, theoutlet channel 64 is provided with asecond check valve 68 that allows flow of fluid from thestorage chamber 52 to the coiledtubing 20 and prevents flow of fluid from the coiledtubing 20 to thestorage chamber 52. - Referring further to
FIG. 3 there is shown asecond embodiment 70 of thepump assembly 22. Thesecond embodiment 70 of the pump assembly is largely similar to thefirst embodiment 29 of the pump assembly, however differing therefrom in the following aspects. Thesecond embodiment 70 includes ahousing 72 connected to the lower end of the coiledtubing 20, for example by a threaded connection. Thehousing 72 includes lower andupper housing sections connection 73. - An
insert member 74 extends into an upper end ofhousing section 72 a and into a lower end ofhousing section 72 b.Annular spaces 78 a to 78 d are provided between theinsert member 74 on one hand and thehousing sections pump chamber 36 by appropriate annular seals (not shown). Theinsert member 74 has afluid inlet 82 in fluid communication with the body ofwater 19 viaannular space 78 c and aninlet opening 84 inhousing section 72 a. Thefirst check valve 62 is provided to allow flow of fluid from thefluid inlet 82 to thepump chamber 36, and to prevent flow of fluid from the pump chamber to the fluid inlet. - The
storage chamber 52 has anoutlet channel 64 formed by abore 88 in thelower housing section 72 a, abore 89 in the insert member, and abore 90 in theupper housing section 72 b. Thetubular portion 44 of thepiston member 38 is provided with a series ofradial passages 45 located between theannular seals - The
bore 90 is at its upper end aligned with thepassages 45 in the wall of thepiston member 38 when the piston member is in the upper position. Thus, in this position theoutlet channel 64 provides fluid communication between thestorage chamber 52 and the coiledtubing 20. When thepassages 45 are not aligned with thebore 90, that is, when the piston member moves toward its lower position or moves from the lower position to the upper position, theoutlet channel 64 is closed by thewall portion 66 of the piston member so that flow of fluid from thestorage chamber 52 to the coiledtubing 20 is blocked. Thesecond check valve 68 allows flow of fluid from thestorage chamber 52 to the coiledtubing 20 via theoutlet channel 64 and prevents flow of fluid through the outlet channel in reverse direction. - Referring further to
FIGS. 4 and 5 there is shown athird embodiment 92 of thepump assembly 22. Thethird embodiment 92 of the pump assembly is largely similar to thesecond embodiment 70 of the pump assembly, however differing therefrom in the following aspects. Thethird embodiment 92 comprises ahousing 94 connected to the lower end of the coiledtubing 20, for example by a threaded connection. Thehousing 94 includes lower andupper housing sections tube 95 extends around theupper housing section 94 b whereby anannular space 96 is defined between thetube 95 and theupper housing section 94 b. Thetube 95 is at both ends thereof sealed to theupper housing section 94 b by suitable seals (not shown). - An
insert member 97 extends into an upper end ofhousing section 94 a and into a lower end ofhousing section 94 b. Theinsert member 97 is retrievable from thehousing 94 by means of a wireline (not shown) that may be lowered from surface into the wellbore. The wireline is connectable into a tubularupper portion 98 of theinsert member 97, which upper portion is latched tohousing section 94 b by alatching mechanism 99. Alower portion 100 of the insert member is axially adjustable relative to theupper portion 98. Annular spaces 102 a-c are provided between thelower portion 100 on one hand and thehousing sections pump chamber 36 by appropriate annular seals (not shown). Theinsert member 97 is provided with afluid inlet 104 that is in fluid communication with the body ofwater 19 via aninlet opening 106 inhousing section 94 a. Acheck valve 108 is provided to open or close the fluid communication between theconduit 20 and thefluid inlet 104 andinlet opening 106. - The
pump chamber 36 is in fluid communication with thestorage chamber 52. The fluid communication is for instance via atransfer channel 110 formed in the tubularupper portion 98 of the insert member, abore 112 provided in the insert member, and abore 114 provided in thelower housing section 94 a. Thefirst check valve 62 allows flow of fluid from thepump chamber 36 to thestorage chamber 52, but prevents flow of fluid in reverse direction. - The
piston member 38 also is retrievable from thehousing 94 by a wireline that is connectable into a tubularupper end 116 of the piston member. Thereto thepiston member 38 is provided with a latchingmember 118 axially slidable relative to thetubular portion 44 of the piston member. The latchingmember 118 hasfingers 120 that latch into arecess 121 at the inner surface ofupper housing section 94 b. The latchingmember 118 is provided withannular seals tubular portion 44 of the piston member, and tohousing section 94 b. - The
storage chamber 52 has an outlet channel 124 formed bybore 88 in thelower housing section 94 a, abore 126 in the insert member,radial opening 111,annular space 96, and a series of radial bores 128 formed inupper housing section 94 b. The radial bores 128 are aligned with thepassages 45 in the wall of thepiston member 38 when the piston member is in the upper position. Thus, in this position the outlet channel 124 provides fluid communication between thestorage chamber 52 and the coiledtubing 20. When thepassages 45 are not aligned with the radial bores 128, that is, when the piston member moves toward its lower position or moves from the lower position to the upper position, the outlet channel 124 is closed by thewall portion 66 of the piston member so that flow of fluid from thestorage chamber 52 to the coiledtubing 20 is blocked. Thesecond check valve 68 allows flow of fluid from thestorage chamber 52 to the coiledtubing 20, but prevents flow of fluid in reverse direction. - During normal use of the
first embodiment 29 of the pump assembly, the pump chamber initially contains a volume of water and the coiledtubing 20 is filled with water. A pump cycle of the pump assembly is started by actuating thesurface pump 26 so as to induce a pressure increase in the water column in the coiledtubing 20. The magnitude of the pressure increase is selected such as to cause thepiston member 38 to move from its upper position to its lower position thereby performing a pump stroke whereby the volume of water is pumped out of thepump chamber 36 and into thestorage chamber 52 via thetransfer channel 60. As a result the reciprocatingmember 54 moves downwardly and compresses the Nitrogen gas in thegas chamber 57. During the pump stroke, outflow of water from thestorage chamber 52 via theoutlet channel 64 is prevented since the outlet channel is blocked at its upper end bywall portion 66 of thepiston member 38. - Upon arrival of the
piston member 38 at its lower position, actuation of thesurface pump 26 is stopped so that the fluid pressure in the coiledtubing 20 drops. As a result, thecompression spring 41 causes thepiston member 38 to move back to its upper position. Thepiston member 38 thereby draws a further volume of water from thewellbore 1 into thepump chamber 36 via thefluid inlet 46. As thepiston member 38 arrives at its upper position, theradial passage 45 of thepiston member 38 becomes aligned with theoutlet channel 64. Theoutlet channel 64 is thereby no longer blocked by thewall portion 66 of the piston member, and the compressed Nitrogen gas in thegas chamber 57 causes the reciprocatingmember 54 to move upwardly thereby pumping the volume of water via theoutlet channel 64 into thetubular portion 44 of thepiston member 38 and thence further into the coiledtubing 20. From there, the volume of water flows is discharged via theoutlet conduit 24 at surface. A next pump cycle is then started in similar manner whereby said further volume of water is pumped out of the wellbore, etc. - Normal use of the
second embodiment 70 of the pump assembly is substantially similar to normal use of thefirst embodiment 29. During each pump cycle, the volume of water is pumped from thepump chamber 36 to thestorage chamber 52 via thetransfer channel 60, and from thestorage chamber 52 to the coiledtubing 20 via theoutlet channel 64. In case thepump assembly 70 needs to be disassembled, e.g. for maintenance purpose, thehousing sections connection 73. Thereafter, theinsert member 74 can be removed from thehousing sections - Normal use of the
third embodiment 92 of the pump assembly is substantially similar to normal use of thefirst embodiment 29. During each pump cycle, the volume of water is pumped from thepump chamber 36 to thestorage chamber 52 via thetransfer channel 110, and from thestorage chamber 52 to the coiledtubing 20 via the outlet channel 124. Should it be required to retrieve thepiston member 38 to surface, e.g. for maintenance purpose, a wireline is lowered into the coiledtubing 20 and connected to the tubularupper end 116 of the piston member. The wireline is then pulled back whereupon thefingers 120 of the latchingmember 118 unlatch from therecess 121 in thehousing section 94 b, and thepiston member 38 together with the latchingmember 118 is retrieved to surface through the coiled tubing. - After the
piston member 38 has been retrieved to surface, theinsert member 97 also may be retrieved by means of the wireline that is lowered into the coiledtubing 20 and connected to the tubularupper portion 98 of theinsert member 97. The wireline is then pulled back whereupon thelatching mechanism 99 unlatches, and theinsert member 97 is retrieved to surface through the coiled tubing. - In a variation of the detailed embodiments described above, a conductor cable extends from surface to the downhole pump assembly through the interior of the coiled tubing or outside the coiled tubing. The conductor cable may be used for transmitting downhole data to surface, for example data on the water level in the wellbore, downhole temperature, or downhole pressure.
- The description above describes exemplary embodiments of the present invention, wherein various modifications are conceivable within the scope of the appended claims. Features of respective embodiments may for instance be combined.
Claims (13)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13159016.8 | 2013-03-13 | ||
EP13159016 | 2013-03-13 | ||
PCT/EP2014/054654 WO2014139987A2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2014-03-11 | Device for pumping fluid from a wellbore |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20160032912A1 true US20160032912A1 (en) | 2016-02-04 |
Family
ID=47877903
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/774,559 Abandoned US20160032912A1 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2014-03-11 | Device for pumping fluid from a wellbore |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20160032912A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2526732B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014139987A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017187305A1 (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-02 | Hansen Downhole Pump Solutions As | Energy saving downhole and subsea valve |
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US4405291A (en) * | 1980-05-22 | 1983-09-20 | Otis Engineering Corporation | Downhole double acting pump |
US4553910A (en) * | 1981-11-04 | 1985-11-19 | Nebo Pumps Pty. Ltd. | Pulse driven hydraulic pump |
US4611974A (en) * | 1984-05-30 | 1986-09-16 | Holland John H | Hydraulically operated well pump system |
US20060060358A1 (en) * | 2004-09-20 | 2006-03-23 | Joe Crawford | Hydraulic downhole oil recovery system |
US7401623B2 (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2008-07-22 | Deere & Company | Double-acting valve unit |
US8272457B2 (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2012-09-25 | Harold M Pardey | Detachable latch head for core drilling |
US20130251547A1 (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2013-09-26 | Hansen Energy Solutions Llc | Liquid Lift Pumps for Gas Wells |
Family Cites Families (6)
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US4616981A (en) * | 1984-10-19 | 1986-10-14 | Simmons Eugene D | Pumping apparatus with a down-hale spring loaded piston actuated by fluid pressure |
US5915475A (en) * | 1997-07-22 | 1999-06-29 | Wells; Edward A. | Down hole well pumping apparatus and method |
CA2545828A1 (en) * | 2006-05-05 | 2007-11-05 | Leader Energy Services Ltd. | Pump for dewatering gas wells |
US8360751B2 (en) * | 2006-09-11 | 2013-01-29 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Discharge pressure actuated pump |
US7789131B2 (en) | 2008-09-03 | 2010-09-07 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Hydraulic pump system for deliquifying low rate gas wells |
WO2010096349A2 (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2010-08-26 | Robert Joseph Foster | Apparatus and system to actuate and pump well bore liquids from hydrocarbon wells |
-
2014
- 2014-03-11 US US14/774,559 patent/US20160032912A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-03-11 WO PCT/EP2014/054654 patent/WO2014139987A2/en active Application Filing
- 2014-03-11 GB GB1516290.2A patent/GB2526732B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4405291A (en) * | 1980-05-22 | 1983-09-20 | Otis Engineering Corporation | Downhole double acting pump |
US4553910A (en) * | 1981-11-04 | 1985-11-19 | Nebo Pumps Pty. Ltd. | Pulse driven hydraulic pump |
US4611974A (en) * | 1984-05-30 | 1986-09-16 | Holland John H | Hydraulically operated well pump system |
US20060060358A1 (en) * | 2004-09-20 | 2006-03-23 | Joe Crawford | Hydraulic downhole oil recovery system |
US7401623B2 (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2008-07-22 | Deere & Company | Double-acting valve unit |
US8272457B2 (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2012-09-25 | Harold M Pardey | Detachable latch head for core drilling |
US20130251547A1 (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2013-09-26 | Hansen Energy Solutions Llc | Liquid Lift Pumps for Gas Wells |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017187305A1 (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-02 | Hansen Downhole Pump Solutions As | Energy saving downhole and subsea valve |
US10480285B2 (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2019-11-19 | Hansen Downhole Pump Solutions, As | Energy saving downhole and subsea valve |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2526732B (en) | 2019-11-13 |
GB201516290D0 (en) | 2015-10-28 |
WO2014139987A2 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
WO2014139987A3 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
GB2526732A (en) | 2015-12-02 |
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