US2015213A - Press for oleaginous material - Google Patents

Description

SePt- 24, 1935. E. v.. BREITENBACH 2,015,213

PRESS FOR OLEAGINOUS MATERIAL Filed De@ 11, 19.31 11 sheets-sheet 1 wir311- E1/w75 Vm//MHM Br a@ Sept. 24, 1935.

VE. v'. REITENBACH 2,015,213

PRESS FOR OLEAGINOUS MATERIAL Filed Deo. l1, 1951 ll Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY Sept- 24, 1935. E, v. BREITENBACH 2,015,213

PRESS FOR OLEAGINOUS MATERJALV Filed Deo. 1l, 1931 ll Sheets-Sheet 5 /NVEN'OR lgs. f5 76] UgH/H 1./ 575//25/7/555/2 Br wm A T TORNEY Sept. 24, 1935.

E. V. BREITENBACH PRESS FOR OLEAGINOUS MATERIAL Filed Deo. 11, 1951 ll Sheets-Sheet 4 Illl llli

A T TORNEI Sept- 24, 1935. E, v. BREITENBACH PRESS FOR OLEAGINOUS MATERIAL 1l Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. ll, 1931 /N v'E/vroR Egg/75 1./ 5m/@www5 Br .am

Arr'RA/Er sePtk24, 1935. v E. v, BREITNBACH 2,015,213

PRESS FOR OLEAGINOUS MATERIAIQ Filed Dec. l1, 1951 ll SheetsfSheet 6 ArToRA/Er Sept. 24, 1935. E. v BREITENBACH PRESS FOR OLEAGINOUS MATERIAL Filed Dec. ll, 1931 ll Sheets-Sheet 7 ai; m,

/5/ Ofi ma' /4/ A 7' TORNEY sept. 24, 1935, E, V. BREWENBACH 2,015,213

PRESS FOR OLEAGINOUS MATERIAL Filed Deo. l1, 1951 l1 Sheets-Sheet 8 /NVE/v TOR I UgQ/w 1./ 5m/HMM -Br am A 7' TORNE Y M57 y L Sept. 24, 1935, E. v. BREITENBACH 2,015,213

PRESS FOR OLEAG'INOUS MATERIAL F11ed Dec'. 11, 1931 11 sheets-Sheet 9 EG. Il

` /35 By l ATTORNEY Sept. 24, 1935. E. v. BRE-{ITENBACH 2,015,213

PRESS FOR OLEAGINOUS MATERIAL i 'Filed Deo. 1l, 1951 ll Sheets-Sheet lO #f1 l 46 f/ el? A TTORNE Y Sept 24, 1935. E, v BREITENBACH 2,015,213

PRESS FOR OLEAGINOUS MATERIAL F11ed Deo. 11, 1951 11 sheets-sheet 1v1 A 7' TORNEV Patented Sept. 24, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PRESS FOR OLEAGINOUS MATERIAL Wis.

Application December 11, 1931, Serial No. 580,289

8 Claims.

This invention relates to presses and more particularly to a press adapted to be used in compressing oleaginous material or seeds of certain plants to extract the oil therefrom.

o, In presses heretofore used in the extraction of oils from oleaginous material, a vertical press of the hydraulic type has been most frequently employed. This has necessitated the use of a press cloth and the intermediate step of placing 10..; the material in a former, putting the material under an initial pressure to form a cake and wrapping the press cloth around it, before transferring the cake' to the press where the oil is extracted. The use of the press cloth has been ex- `;pensive and, in fact, has been an important item of expense in the extraction of the oil from. the material. l

It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to design a press which will completely 2Geliminate the necessity for press cloths as now commonly used.

In the former process utilizing press cloth, considerable oil remains in the outer edges of the cake. To save this oil, the cake is run through a v,trimmer where the oily edges are removed to be re-run through the press.

It is another object of the present invention, therefore, to provide a press which will extract the desired percentage of oil from oleaginous material without leaving an excess of oil about the marginal edges thereof to be trimmed off at a later stage.

It is a particular object of the present invention to provide a rotary press which will con- 35...tinuously press material to extract oil therefrom.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a fully automatic feed and removal system for such a machine whereby the necessity for any labor whatever other than supervisory is 49. c eliminated.

A structure embodying the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and will be hereinafter fully described, the invention residing in certain novel features which will be particu- 45.5. larly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is an elevational View showing the side of one unit of the machine and the drive shaft through which power to run the machine is ob- Figure 2 is .an/end elevational view of the machine taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. l;

Figure v3 is a cross section of the machine taken ron the line 3 3 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction Pt; of the arrows;

(Cl. 10U- 39) Figure 4 is a cross section on the line 4 4 of Fig. l, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 5 is a` cross section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows, and showing the details of the feed mechanism; 5

Figure 6 is a cross section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure '7 is a cross section taken on the line 1 1 of Fig. 6, looking in the direction of the arrows and showing the clutch engaging mechanism; 10

Figure 8 is a cross section on the line 8 8 of Fig. 6, looking in the direction of the arrows and showing the detail of the plunger eccentric;

Figure 9 is a cross section cn the line 9 9 of Fig. 8, looking in the direction of the arrows; 15 Figure l0 is a cross section on the line iB l of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure l1 is a cross section on the line Il ll of Fig. 6, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure l2 is a perspective view of the cam for 20 operating the feeding mechanism;

Figure 13 is a cross section on the line l3 l 3 of Fig. l1, looking in the direction of the arrows, showing a detail of one member going to make up the face of the punch;

Figure 14 is a cross section on the line Il! l4 of Fig. 13, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 15 is a cross section on the line l5 l 5 of Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows, showing the cut-off knife;

Figure 16 is across section on the line l6 l6 of Fig. 11, looking in the direction of the arrows and showing a detail of the ejecting cam;

Figure 17 is a horizontal cross section through the machine taken on the line Il ll of Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 18 is a diagrammatic perspective of the clutch throw-out mechanism for operating the feed plunger, being. a schematic view of the device shown in Fig. 7; and Y 40 Figure 19 is a perspective view of the punch, parts thereof being shown broken away to more clearly illustrate certain other parts.

`Referring to the accompanying drawings in which like numerals indicate like parts throughout the several views, the machine may comprise a plurality of units, generally designated 25, mounted on a common base 26. Each unit comprises a pair of upright frames 2l and 28 upon which the mechanism for crushing the seeds or other material is mounted.

The base 26 is made concave or dish-shaped as shown at 29 and has a plurality of horizontal supports 30 at spaced intervals thereon which carry the frames 21 and 28. The supports 3U 55 have ports 3| therethrough to allow the passage of the extracted. oil freely from one end of the base to the other. The frames 21 and 28 are mounted on the supports 39 and are adjustable therein with respect to each other. As herein shown, the frame 28 is fixed to the base by a plurality of bolts 32 while the frame 21 is adjustable to and from the frame 28 by means of bolts 33 mounted in slots34. The frames are held in spaced adjusted position by means of a plurality of tie bolts 35 passing through the frame 28 and adjustably located in the frame 21 by means of nuts and lock nuts as is the common practice.

The frames 2l and 28 are formed of a body portion 36 made of relatively light material and reinforced by a peripheral flange 31 and radiating ribs 39.

The frames 21 and 28 are formed with aligned hubs 99 and 59 respectively having centrally aligned apertures therethrough which mount a shaft 4| therein. The shaft may be keyed by a key 42 in one of the hubs 39 or 40 so as to hold it against turning therein and may have an enlargement 43 at one end and a nut 44 threaded on the other end to maintain the shaft in fixed axial position in the hubs 39 and 40.

A wheel or frame 45 is rotatably mounted on the shaft 4|, a bushing 48 being fitted into the ,Wheel 55 and freely rotatable on the shaft 4| to -minimize friction.

Thek wheel 45 has a plurality of trapezoidal apertures 41 therein which break the wheel up into a rim 4S, a central hub 49 and connecting u spokes 50. The hub 49 has an aperture 5| passing therethrough in which is fitted the bushing 46 which has a running fit on the shaft 4| as has been described. A plurality of punches, generally designated 52, are mounted in the apertures w41 and are shaped to conform thereto. The --punches will be described in detail below.

The wheel is turned by means of a worm wheel 53 which may be sweated and keyed onto the wheel 45 to prevent relative motion therebetween.

4:5--3 A thrust bearing 45a is mounted on the shaft 4| and abuts the hub 49 Vof the wheel 45 to absorb any thrust from the wheel in a direction away from the frame 28.

Power is transmitted from the source (not.

shown) to the worm wheel 53 through a shaft 54 running along the entire length of the base from the power means past each of the units 25.

The shaft contains a jaw clutch, generally designated 55, adjacent each of the units, the jaw 55'clutch having a driving member 56 splined thereto and limited in its movement by a collar 51 fixed to the shaft. The driven member 58 of the clutch is fixed in axial position on the shaft 54 in the usual manner and has a pinion 59- 60v`-formed integrally therewith.

The pinion 59 meshes with a gear 69 mounted on a shaft 5| parallel to the shaft 54. The shaft 6| is supported by a pair of bearings 52 and 83 fixed to the base 25, a worm gear 64 being fixed to the shaft between the bearings 62 and 63.

The worm gear 54 drives a worm wheel 65 which is mounted on a shaft 66, the thrust from the worm gear 64 being absorbed by a thrust bearing 6l. The shaft 66 constitutes the main 'power shaft of each individual unit 25.

The shaft 65 is mounted in bearings B8, 69 and 19 spaced across the Width of the base 26, the bearing 58 being mounted directly on the base 1;.126, while a frame 1| formed integrally with the bottom 29 supports bearings 59 and 1U.-

A second worm gearV 12 is mounted between the bearings 69 and 10 and drives the worm gear 53, the thrust from the worm gear 12 being absorbed by a second thrust bearing 13.

An extension 14 to the shaft 66 extends out the 5 back of the base and has a sprocket 15 fixed thereto to drive a feed mechanism hereinafter described.

'Ihe frame 28 has a circular aperture 16 therein in which is mounted a face plate 11 having 10 a plane face on the outside thereof abutting a corresponding plane face on the wheel 45, the

lpunches 52 crushing the material between the inner face of the punch V52 and the face plate 11, while the aperture 41 in the Wheel 45 pre- 15 vents spreading of the material.

Oleaginous material from the cooker is carried by a conveyer 18 which may be a screw conveyer or other suitable type and is deposited in a supply hopper 19 where paddle agitators 80 constant- 20 ly agitate the mixture.

The supply hopper 19 is mounted on the upper' portion of the frame 28 and is supported by aV pair of radiating plates 8| and 82 which project out from the main plate of the frame 28 and sup- 25 port feet 83 turned outwardly from the lower edge of the hopper 19. The radiating plates 8| and 82 are joined together at the bottom thereof so as to form a feed hopper 84 corresponding in size and positioning to 4one of the openings 41 at 30 a point in the rotation of the wheel 45 about its axis.

A feed piston 85 is reciprocably mounted in the feed hopper 84 and is adapted to feed material from the feed hopper 84 into the apertures 41 35 in the wheel 45 as the apertures pass the port 85 in the face plate 11. The upper wall 81 of the feed piston 85 forms a cut-off for material from the supply hopper 19 so that when the plunger is in retracted position, the wall 81 of the 40 piston 85 uncovers a portion of the supply hopper 19 and allows the material to fall down into the feed hopper 84 to be compressed into the openingV 4'! by the piston 85.

The cams |06, as best shown in Figs. '1 and 18, 45 operate an axially moving follower |09 which has an arm I B fixed thereto by welding or other permanent connection. The arm |'|0 serves to retain one end of a spring for holding the follower |99 in retracted position at all times 50 when it is not being acted on by the cams |06.

A pin ||2 is fixed to the arm |0 and actuates a second arm ||3 which is fixed to a shaft ||4.

A Y ||5 having inturned pins ||6 at the outer ends thereof is fixed to the shaft ||4 and oper- 55 ated through the arm ||3 whereby when the cams |06 operate on the follower |09, the Y ||5 throws in the jaw clutch 94 as best seen in Figs. 2 and 6.

The piston 85 is driven from the sprocket 15 60 on the extension 14 of the shaft 66 through a chain 88 trained thereover which operates a sprocket 89 fixed on a tubular shaft 90. The shaft 9@ is journalled in a bearing 9|, the bearing being mounted to the frame 28 through a bracket 92. The inner end of the sleeve 90 is formed integrally with a. driving member 93A of a jaw clutch 94 so as to supply power from the source through the chain 88 to the clutch. 7o

A driven member 95 of the clutch 94 is keyed on a shaft 95 which extends through the tubular shaft 90, the shaft 90 forming a bearing for one end of the shaft 96 while the opposite end of the shaft 96 is journalled in a bearing 91. The bear- 75 ing `91 is supported by a bracket 98 mounted on the frame 28.

An eccentric 93 is fixed on the shaft 90v and contains an adjustable crank pin |00 connecting the eccentric 99 with a pist-on rod |0l, the piston rod being pivotally connected with the piston 85 by a pin |02.

I The pis-ton rod |0| is threaded at the opposite ends with threads of opposite pitch the threaded ends screwing into corresponding threads in a connecting member |52a surrounding the pin and a cross head |0011. connected to the crank pin |00 so that the length of the connecting rod |5| may be varied simultaneously with the adjust-` ment of the crank pin |00 to give various thicknesses of cake while preventing the face of the piston 85 from projecting past the outer face of the plate 11.

A plurality of springs |03 bear against the piston 05 constantly urging it into a position closing the hopper 19. The springs |03 surround guide rods |04 attached to the piston 35 and passing through ports in lugs |05 bolted to the feed hopper 84.

A sprocket ||1 may also be attached to the sleeve 95 to operate vthe agitators 30 through a chain ||8 and a sprocket if! I9.

The timingl of the piston is accomplished through a plurality Aof cams |05 spaced about the periphery of the Wheel 45 and which are preferably mounted in a circumferential dovetailed groove |01 and held in fixed position by a set screw |08.

The punches which have been generally designated 52 are best shown in the perspective View of Fig. 19, and'comprise a trapezoidal section having a major base |20 and a minor base |2| and connecting sides |22 and |23. The outer surfaces of the sides |20 to |23 inclusive are provided with grooves |24 which conduct oil which is squeezed between the opening 41 and the punch 52 to the outer side of the wheel 45, where it drops to the concave bottom 29 of the baseV 20.

The width of the punch 52 perpendicular to its trapezoidal face is equal to the width of the wheel 45 in order to form guides which insure the moving of the punch inwardly parallel to itself which gives an even compression over the face of the cake. The outer end of the sides |22 and |23 of the punch 52 Aform a support with which webs |25, |25 and |21 are formed integrally to support a cam follower |29 on the outer side of the punch, the follower |23 being rotatable on a shaft 529, held in the webs |25 and |25. While "z the shaft |29 has been shown as stationary, with the follower |20 rotatable thereon, it will be understood that the shaft |29 may be either fixed or rotatable in the supports |25, |23 and |21.

As the follower rotates about the periphery of its cam |30, the outer portion travels a greater linearV distance than the inner portion, due to the difference in diameter. The follower |23 is therefore made of a plurality of relatively thin disc sections |3| which permit the transmission i of the heavy stress through the cam follower |20 without undue friction between the cam and follower.

As seen in Figs. 16 and 19, the sides |22 and |23 of the punch are provided with inwardly projecting shoulders |32 which form seats for ribs |33 which form the outer face of the punch 52. The ribs which are best shown in Figs. 13 and 14 comprise a trapezoidal section |34 having rectangular end portions |35, the outer face |36 of the rectangular end-portions being inclined to conform with the slope of the sides |22 and |23 lof the trapezoidal section.

The ribs |33 are placed in position in the trapezoidal section with the major base of the trapezoidal rib facing the inner side of the punch ad- 5 plate |38 is seated on shoulders |39 in the bases l5V |20 and |2| of the trapezoidal section. A plurality of lugs |40 are formed on the outer edge of the sides |22 and |23 of the trapezoidal section and are arranged to abut an outer side |4| of the wheel to stop the inward motion of the 20 punch 52 and prevent the passage of the inner side of the punch past the corresponding face of the wheel 45.

The punch 52 is actuated in the aperture 41 by means of the cam |30 fixed on the frame 21 by 25 bolts |42. The cam |30 is arranged to start the compression of the cake |43 at a point in the rotation of the wheel 45 past the feed hopper 84 and to continue the compression of the material between the outer face of the punch and the face 30 platep11 -to a point immediately preceding the feed hopper 84 at which point the crushed material is expelled through a port |44 by means of an expelling mechanism, generally designated |45.

The port |44 extends through both the frame 35 28 land the `face plate 11 and corresponds in shape and axial position to one of the apertures 41 in the wheel 45 when in one position of its rotation.

A knife |46 may be fixed to the plate 11 and the frame 28 and run on the inner surface of the 40 wheel 45 so that when the cake is ejected through the opening |44 by the ejecting mechanism |45, the knife will pry under the face of the cake adjacent the punch 52 to loosen it from the punch and drop the cake on a chute mechanism |41 from 45 whence it may be delivered to trucks and other suitable conveyances |48.

The ejecting mechanism, which has been generally designated |45, is best shown in Figs. l0, 1l and 16 and comprises a pair of cams |49 and 50 |50, the cams being mounted on tubular shafts |5| and |52 respectively in apertures |53 through the cam |30 and the frame 21. Rectangular apertures |54 accommodate the movement of the cams |49 `and |50 into the cam |30.

The interior of the shafts |5| and |52 is made hollow to accommodate a spring |55 which bears against a cross arm |56 of a frame generally designated |51. The frame |51 which supports the cross arm |55 comprises a stud |58 mounted in 60 the frame 21, the cross arm |55 connected to the stud adjacent the outer end thereof and pins |59 projecting through the arm |55 and aligned with the apertures in the stems |5| and |52. The springs |55 surround the pins |59, the pins |59 65 forming a guide for the frame |51 relative to the stems |5| and |52.

Lock nuts |60 are placed on the stems |5| and |52 to limit the inward movement thereof. It will be noted that the stud |58 is adjustable as 70 are the lock nuts |30 on the stems |5| and |52 so that the entire frame |51 is adjustable in accordance with the position of the frame 21 on the support 30 to expel anythickness of cake desired.

As seen in Figs. 2 and 6, the frame 28 has an 75 annular enlargement 6| of approximately semicircular shape in cross section extending practically the entire distance between the feed hopper 84 and the expelling port |44. The enlargement |6| receives a steam pipe |62 entering at one end of the enlargement and passing through the enlargement directly behind the face plate 11 as clearly shown in Fig. 17. While the pipe has been shown unitary in the figures, it would undoubtedly be convenient to make it in several pieces by the interposition of joints between the various sections. A

The pipe |62 extends around the circumference of the enlargement |6|, steam emerging from the pipe |62 through a pipe |63 to enter a steam chest |64 through a port |65 therein. The steam chest surrounds the feed hopper 19 to heat the contents of the hopper and facilitate the extraction of the oil from the material. An outlet |66 from the steam chest |64 leads to a second unit 25 similar to the one just described.

At the proper time in the rotation of the wheel 45, the cam |66 operates a follower |09 to transmit power to the piston 85 through the shaft 66, the eccentric 99 and intermediate transmission mechanism to the piston 85. At this point the eccentric 99 draws back the piston 85 allowing the material to fall into the feed hopper 84 from the supply hopper 19. By the time the feed has filled the feed hopper 84 one ofthe openings 41 has come in register with the opening 86 in the face plate 11. The eccentric 99 together with the springs |03 then acts on the piston 85 to put an initial compression in the cake |43 and force it into the opening 41. This compression is sufficient to solidify the cake but is not suiiicient to begin the process of extracting oil therefrom. The movement of the cake |43 into the aperture 41 in the wheel 45 moves the punch 52 out to the outermost position of the cam |30 as indicatedA by number |61. Upon further rotation of the wheel 45, the cam |36 slopes toward the wheel 45 and presses on the follower |28 to move the punch 52 inwardly.

Movement of the punch inwardly towards the face plate 11 crushes the material |43 in the aperture 41 between the punch 52 and the face plate 11. As the pressure increases on the cake |43, oil is extracted therefrom.

The extracted oil escapes through either the joints between the ribs |33 which form the inner face of the punch 52 or around the outside of the punch 52 between the punch and the opening 41 in which it is located or between the wheel 45 and the face plate 11.

The oil that escapes through the joints between the ribs |33 passes outwardly through the rear of the punch 52 and drops into the bottom 29 of the base 26 where it may be drawn olf in any convenient manner.

The oil which escapes between the punch 52 and the aperture 41 in the wheel 45 runs through the grooves |24 and drops past the open end of the punch to the bottom 29 of the base 26.

The oil which squeezes between the face plate 11 and the wheel 45 is collected in a pair of circumferential grooves |68 and |69 formed concentrically in the wheel 45, one on either side of the punch 52. Radial grooves |16 lead from the grooves |68 to the outer periphery of the wheel. Oil squeezing 'radially outwardly is, therefore, collected in the groove |68, runs to a level below the shaft 4| from whence it passes out through the radial grooves |19 to the bottom 29 of the base 26.

The oil entering the groove |69 runs out through radial grooves |1| from whence it goes around the periphery of the .shaft 4| and into a trough |12 cut in the frame 28. The trough takes the collected oil and permits it to drop into the bottom 29 of the base 26.

As the cake passes around the periphery of the face plate 11, the cam |30 acts to shove the punch 52 further into the aperture 41 increasing the compression in the cake as the punch advances.

Just as the cake approaches the opening |44 in the face plate 11, the maximum degree of compression has been reached and is relieved before entry of the cake over the area of the opening.

When the cake is in full register with opening |44, 15.

the cam follower |28 presses the cams |49 and |50 outwardly against the action of the springs |55 to force the punch 52 inwardly and expel the formed cake |43 out through the aperture.

The k'nife |46 then pries under the edge of the cake adjacent the punch 52 and dislodges the cake from the face of the punch. If desired, the knife may be entirely eliminated by having the cake abut against a flat surface so that the cake is dislodged by the further movement of the wheel g5Y It will be noted that oil squeezed out of the material in the upper portion of the rotation of the wheel falls on the top of the shaft 4| and will work its way between the bushing 46 and 30 the shaft 4| to form a lubricant.

The material is heated by the steam jacket |64 while it is in the hopper and is constantly heated by the pipe |62 in the annular enlargement |6| of the frame 28 during the rotation of the wheel 45 35 about the face plate 11. This renders the oil less viscous and facilitates the iiow thereof and assures proper lubrication of the shaft between the bearing 46 and the shaft 4|.

The setting of the frame 21 may be varied o axially with respect to the frame 28 in an obvious manner hereinbefore explained, the setting of the frame 21 serving to vary the amount which the cake |43 is compressed and thereby determining the amount of oil left in the cake. .45

It will thus be seen that there has been provided a relatively simple punch which operates continuously and automatically to press oil from oleaginous material or the like and that the press is adjustable to extract any desired percentage of oil from the cake.

It will also be noted that the cake is constantly heated during the pressing operation whereby the oil is more readily extracted.

While there has been shown a preferred form of the invention, it is realized that the device is susceptible to various changes and modifications coming well within the scope of one skilled in the art, and it is not, therefore, desired to limit the invention to the precise form herein shown and described, but only by the Scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed as new and desired to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. In a press of the character described, a 65 first fixed frame having a fiat face, a second fixed frame mounted in spaced parallel relation to said first frame, a shaft connecting the frames,

a movable member mounted to turn about the axis of said shaft and disposed between said 7()l material received therein against the at face of the rst frame, an annular -cam carried by the second frame, a cam follower carried by each punch to ride on said cam as the movable member turns about the axis of the shaft, said cam being formed to force the punches toward the flat face of the first frame as the movable member turns, said first frame having an outlet opening with which the openings successively align and through whichmthe compressed material is ejected from the openings, and ejecting means comprising a spring ,pressed plunger mounted in the annular cam to be engaged by the cam followers as they ride thereover, said plunger being depressed against the action of its spring by the followers and being released to push the punches toward the first frame to expel the material from the openings as the openings align with the outlet opening in the first frame.

frames, a rotatable member mounted on Vthe shaft to turn aboutnits axis, one of saidframes having a flat inner wall with which the adjacent flat face of the rotatable member engages, said rotatable member having a plurality of circumferentially spaced transverse apertures closed at one side by the flat face of said fram-e, said frame havingspaced openings with which the apertures in the rotatable member align as said member turns, one of said openings affording means for depositing material into said apertures and the other providing means for the ejection of material from said apertures, a punch in each aperture to close the other side thereof and movable to compress and crush material deposited in its aperture between it and the flat face of said frame, an annular cam track carried by the other frame, cam followers on the punches engaging said cam track, said cam being shaped to force the punches toward the first mentioned frame, and means carried by said cam track and operable directly on the cam followers of the punches upon alignment' of their respective apertures with the opening in the first frame through which ejection of compressed material is effected to force the plunger toward the rst frame and effect such ejection of the compressed material.

3. In a press to extract oil from ol-eaginous material, two spaced members fixed with respect to each other, one of said members having a plane inner surface, an annular continuous cam carried by the other member and facing said plane surface, a rotatable element disposed between the cam and said plane surface, said rotatable element having a plurality of circumferentially spaced apertures closed at one end by said plane surface, punches in said apertures to press material disposed therein against said plane surface to extract oil from said'material, cam followers carried by the punches and tracking on said cam to .force the punches toward. the plane surface as the rotatable element turns, said cam having a gradual slope from a low spot to a high portion, means to successively load the apertures as they reach the low spot of the cam, and means to forcibly eject the material from said apertures after it has been compressed as the apertures reach the high portion of the cam, said ejecting means including pusher members projecting through the cam and movable on a line parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotatable element to engage the cam followers and urge the punches toward the plane surface to push the material through a hole in said plane 5 surface.

4. In a press to extract oil from oleaginous material, a fixed member having a plane surface, a rotatable member having a plane surface in contact with the plane surface of the 16 fixed member and provided with a plurality of apertures closed at one end by the plane surface of said xed member, punches in said apertures to press material disposed therein against the plane surface of the xed member and extract oil from said material, an annular stationary cam at the side of the rotatable member opposite the Vcontacting plane surfaces, said cam having a gradual slope from a low spot to a high portion and an abrupt drop from its high portion to its low spot, cam followers carried by the punches to track at all times on said cam and actuate the punches as the rotatable member turns, means adjacent the low spot of the cam with which the apertures align as the rotatable member turns for forcibly projecting and initially compressing a definite amount of material into the apertures, as they are aligned therewith, and means adjacent the high portion of the cam near its abrupt drop for ejecting the pressed 30 material from the apertures as they align therewith, said ejecting means moving on a line parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotatable member and being projectable from the high portion of the cam.

5. In a press to extract oil from oleaginous material, a fixed member having a plane surface, a rotatable member having a plane surface in contact with the plane surface of the fixed member and provided with a plurality of aper- 4o tures closed at one side by the plane surface of said xed member, punches in said apertures to press material disposed therein against the plane surface of the xed member to extract oil from said material, means with which said apertures 45 align as the rotatable member turns for forcibly projecting and initially compressing a denite amount of material successively into the apertures as they are aligned therewith, said means comprising a movable plunger, drive means to intermittently actuate the plunger, and means on the rotatable member to control the functioning of said drive means.

6. In a press to extract oil from oleaginous material, a fixed member having a plane surface, a 55 rotatable member having a plane surface in contact with the plane surface of the xed member and provided with a plurality of apertures closed at one side by the plane surface of said fixed member, punches in said apertures to press material disposed therein against the plane surface ofthe fixed member to extract oil from said material, means with which said apertures align as the rotatable member turns for forcibly projecting and initially compressing a definite amount of r'material successively into the apertures as they are aligned therewith, said means comprising a movable plunger, drive means to actuate the plunger, a clutch to connect the drive means with a source of power, and means to actuate the clutch and effect the functioning of the drive means for the plunger including a cam carried by the rotatable member and a cam follower operable by said cam.

7. In a press of the character described, two

spaced rigidly connected members, one of which has a plane inner surface, a ring mounted on the inner face of the other member, the side of the ring facing the plane surface providing a cam having a gradual slope from a low spot to a high portion and an abrupt drop from its high portion to its low spot, a rotatable element disposed between the two spaced members with one face thereof flat against the plane surface of the first mentioned spaced member, said rotatable element having a plurality of apertures to receive material to be compressed, punches in said apertures to compress material received therein, cam followers carried by the punches to ride on the 'cam track and actuate the punches, and means projectable on a line parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotatable element from the high portion of the cam and engageable with the cam followers as they move into alignment therewith to A impart sudden outward movement to the punches ber having a plurality of circumferentially spaced transverse apertures closed at one side by the flat face of said frame, a punch slidably disposed in each of said transverse apertures to be movable toward said frame to compress and crush material between it and the flat face of said frame, a continuous annular cam track carried by the other fixed frame directly adjacent the rotatable member, and a cam follower carried by each of said punches to ride on said cam, said cam track having a gradual slope from a low spot to a high portion to gradually force the punches into their respective apertures and having an abrupt drop from its high portion to its low spot, means ad- `jacent the low spot of the cam track to load the apertures with material and push the punches outwardly to engage their cam followers with theI low spot of the cam, and means movable on a line parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotatable member and projectable from the high portion of the cam track to engage the cam followers and impart sudden movement to the punches towards the first designated frame to eject the compressed material from the apertures through an opening in said first designated frame as the cam followers move into alignment with said means.

EUGENE V. BREITENBACH.

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