US20150252679A1

US20150252679A1 - Static guide vane with internal hollow channels

Info

Publication number: US20150252679A1
Application number: US14/427,323
Authority: US
Inventors: Andrew Pope; David J. Yudichak; John P. Lucashu; Gregory E. Reinhardt; John C. DiTomasso; Steven L. Conner; Carl Brian Klinetob; Jason Leroux
Original assignee: United Technologies Corp
Current assignee: Raytheon Technologies Corp
Priority date: 2012-10-01
Filing date: 2013-03-04
Publication date: 2015-09-10
Also published as: EP2904252A1; EP2904252A4; EP2904252B1; WO2014055110A1; EP2904252B2

Abstract

A static guide vane for use in a fan section of a gas turbine engine includes an outer platform and an inner platform. The inner and outer platforms are connected by an airfoil. The airfoil have channels extending into a main body of the airfoil to reduce the weight of the vane. A cover closes off the channels with the cover providing a portion of the airfoil.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This application relates to a static guide vane which is provided with hollow channels to reduce weight.
Gas turbine engines typically include a fan delivering air into a compressor. The air is compressed and passed into a combustor section where it is mixed with fuel and ignited. Products of the combustion pass downstream over turbine rotors, driving them to rotate. The turbine rotors, in turn, drive compressor and fan rotors.
Traditionally, a low pressure turbine would drive a low pressure compressor and the fan as one spool. Thus, all three components rotated at a common speed. More recently, it has been proposed to include a gear reduction between the fan and the low pressure turbine. With the use of the gear reduction, the fan can rotate at a slower speed than the low pressure turbine or the low pressure compressor.
As fan speed has decreased, the diameter of the fan could be increased. The fan typically also delivers air into a bypass duct where it becomes propulsion for an aircraft receiving the gas turbine engine. As the fan diameter has increased, so has the amount of bypass air.
With the movement to larger fans, guide vanes which are positioned downstream of the fan rotor have become structural components. As the guide vanes have become structural components and have become larger, their weight has become undesirably large.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In a featured embodiment, a static guide vane for a gas turbine engine has an outer platform and an inner platform connected by an airfoil. The airfoil has channels extending into a main body of the airfoil and a cover closing off the channels with the cover providing a portion of the airfoil.
In another embodiment according to the previous embodiment, there are a plurality of channels extending in a generally radial direction from the inner platform toward the outer platform, and spaced from a leading edge of the airfoil towards a trailing edge of the airfoil.
In another embodiment according to any of the previous embodiments, the channels extend for a greater width, with the width defined between the leading and trailing edges, as the channels approach the trailing edge.
In another embodiment according to any of the previous embodiments, there are ribs intermediate the plurality of channels.
In another embodiment according to any of the previous embodiments, the ribs and portions of a recess between the channels and the trailing and leading edges together form a planar surface for supporting the cover.
In another embodiment according to any of the previous embodiments, there are a plurality of channels extending in a generally radial direction from the inner platform toward the outer platform, and spaced from a leading edge of the airfoil towards a trailing edge of the airfoil. The channels extend for a greater width, with the width defined between the leading and trailing edges, as the channels approach the trailing edge. There are ribs intermediate the plurality of channels. Portions of a recess between the channels and the trailing and leading edges together form a planar surface for supporting the cover.
In another embodiment according to any of the previous embodiments, a feature ensures that the cover is an appropriate cover for the particular static guide vane.
In another featured embodiment, a fan section for use in a gas turbine engine has a fan rotor. A static guide vane has an outer platform and an inner platform connected by an airfoil. The has channels extending into a main body of the airfoil, and a cover closing off the channels with the cover providing a portion of the airfoil.
In another embodiment according to the previous embodiment, there are a plurality of channels extending in a generally radial direction from the inner platform toward the outer platform, and spaced from a leading edge of the airfoil towards a trailing edge of the airfoil.
In another embodiment according to any of the previous embodiments, the channels extend for a greater width, with the width defined between the leading and trailing edges as the channels approach the trailing edge.
In another embodiment according to any of the previous embodiments, there are ribs intermediate the plurality of channels.
In another embodiment according to any of the previous embodiments, the ribs, and portions of a recess between the channels and the trailing and leading edges together form a planar surface for supporting the cover.
In another embodiment according to any of the previous embodiments, there are a plurality of channels extending in a generally radial direction from the inner platform toward the outer platform, and are spaced from a leading edge of the airfoil towards a trailing edge of the airfoil. The channels extend for a greater width, with the width defined between the leading and trailing edges, as the channels approach the trailing edge. There are ribs intermediate the plurality of channels. Portions of a recess between the channels and the trailing and leading edges together form a planar surface for supporting the cover.
In another embodiment according to any of the previous embodiments, a feature ensures that the cover is an appropriate cover for the particular static guide vane.
In another featured embodiment, a gas turbine engine has a fan section and a compressor section, with the fan section including a fan rotor. A row of static guide vanes has an outer platform and an inner platform connected by an airfoil. The airfoil has channels extending into a main body of the airfoil to reduce the weight of the vane. A cover closes off the channels with the cover providing a portion of the airfoil.
In another embodiment according to any of the previous embodiments, there are a plurality of channels extending in a generally radial direction from the inner platform toward the outer platform, and spaced from a leading edge of the airfoil towards a trailing edge of the airfoil.
In another embodiment according to any of the previous embodiments, the channels extend for a greater width, with the width defined between the leading and trailing edges as the channels approach the trailing edge.
In another embodiment according to any of the previous embodiments, there are ribs intermediate the plurality of channels.
In another embodiment according to any of the previous embodiments, the ribs, and portions of a recess between the channels and the trailing and leading edges together form a planar surface for supporting the cover.
In another embodiment according to any of the previous embodiments, there are a plurality of channels extending in a generally radial direction from the inner platform toward the outer platform, and spaced from a leading edge of the airfoil towards a trailing edge of the airfoil. The channels extend for a greater width, with the width defined between the leading and trailing edges, as the channels approach the trailing edge. There are ribs intermediate the plurality of channels. Portions of a recess between the channels and the trailing and leading edges together form a planar surface for supporting the cover.
In another embodiment according to any of the previous embodiments, a feature ensures that the cover is an appropriate cover for the particular static guide vane.
These and other features may be best understood from the following drawings and specification.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 schematically shows a gas turbine engine.

FIG. 2 shows details of a fan guide vane.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view through the FIG. 2 guide vane.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a gas turbine engine 20. The gas turbine engine 20 is disclosed herein as a two-spool turbofan that generally incorporates a fan section 22, a compressor section 24, a combustor section 26 and a turbine section 28. Alternative engines might include an augmentor section (not shown) among other systems or features. The fan section 22 drives air along a bypass flow path B in a bypass duct defined within a nacelle 15, while the compressor section 24 drives air along a core flow path C for compression and communication into the combustor section 26 then expansion through the turbine section 28. Although depicted as a turbofan gas turbine engine in the disclosed non-limiting embodiment, it should be understood that the concepts described herein are not limited to use with turbofans as the teachings may be applied to other types of turbine engines including three-spool architectures.
The engine 20 generally includes a low speed spool 30 and a high speed spool 32 mounted for rotation about an engine central longitudinal axis A relative to an engine static structure 36 via several bearing systems 38. It should be understood that various bearing systems 38 at various locations may alternatively or additionally be provided.
The low speed spool 30 generally includes an inner shaft 40 that interconnects a fan 42, a low pressure compressor 44 and a low pressure turbine 46. The inner shaft 40 is connected to the fan 42 through a geared architecture 48 to drive the fan 42 at a lower speed than the low speed spool 30. The high speed spool 32 includes an outer shaft 50 that interconnects a high pressure compressor 52 and high pressure turbine 54. A combustor 56 is arranged between the high pressure compressor 52 and the high pressure turbine 54. A mid-turbine frame 57 of the engine static structure 36 is arranged generally between the high pressure turbine 54 and the low pressure turbine 46. The mid-turbine frame 57 further supports bearing systems 38 in the turbine section 28. The inner shaft 40 and the outer shaft 50 are concentric and rotate via bearing systems 38 about the engine central longitudinal axis A which is collinear with their longitudinal axes.
The core airflow is compressed by the low pressure compressor 44 then the high pressure compressor 52, mixed and burned with fuel in the combustor 56, then expanded over the high pressure turbine 54 and low pressure turbine 46. The mid-turbine frame 57 includes airfoils 59 which are in the core airflow path. The turbines 46, 54 rotationally drive the respective low speed spool 30 and high speed spool 32 in response to the expansion.
The engine 20 in one example is a high-bypass geared aircraft engine. In a further example, the engine 20 bypass ratio is greater than about six (6), with an example embodiment being greater than ten (10), the geared architecture 48 is an epicyclic gear train, such as a planetary gear system or other gear system, with a gear reduction ratio of greater than about 2.3 and the low pressure turbine 46 has a pressure ratio that is greater than about five (5). In one disclosed embodiment, the engine 20 bypass ratio is greater than about ten (10:1), the fan diameter is significantly larger than that of the low pressure compressor 44, and the low pressure turbine 46 has a pressure ratio that is greater than about five (5:1). Low pressure turbine 46 pressure ratio is pressure measured prior to inlet of low pressure turbine 46 as related to the pressure at the outlet of the low pressure turbine 46 prior to an exhaust nozzle. The geared architecture 48 may be an epicycle gear train, such as a planetary gear system or other gear system, with a gear reduction ratio of greater than about 2.5:1. It should be understood, however, that the above parameters are only exemplary of one embodiment of a geared architecture engine and that the present invention is applicable to other gas turbine engines including direct drive turbofans.
A significant amount of thrust is provided by the bypass flow B due to the high bypass ratio. The fan section 22 of the engine 20 is designed for a particular flight condition—typically cruise at about 0.8 Mach and about 35,000 feet. The flight condition of 0.8 Mach and 35,000 ft, with the engine at its best fuel consumption—also known as “bucket cruise Thrust Specific Fuel Consumption (‘TSFC’)”—is the industry standard parameter of lbm of fuel being burned divided by lbf of thrust the engine produces at that minimum point. “Low fan pressure ratio” is the pressure ratio across the fan blade alone, without a Fan Exit Guide Vane (“FEGV”) system. The low fan pressure ratio as disclosed herein according to one non-limiting embodiment is less than about 1.45. “Low corrected fan tip speed” is the actual fan tip speed in ft/sec divided by an industry standard temperature correction of [(Tram ° R)/(518.7 ° R)]^0.5. The “Low corrected fan tip speed” as disclosed herein according to one non-limiting embodiment is less than about 1150 ft/second.
FIG. 2 shows a static guide vane 100, which is positioned downstream of a fan rotor, such as fan rotor 42 as shown in FIG. 1. An outer platform mount 105 is connected by an airfoil 110 to an inner platform mount 115. The static guide vane 100 has a leading edge 160 and a trailing edge 150. There is a recess 165/155 cut into an outer surface of the blade and which provides a surface to receive a cover 200, as shown in FIG. 3. The cover 200 may be secured such as by adhesive to a main body 201 of the vane 100.
As can be appreciated from FIGS. 2 and 3, there are three channels 128, 130 and 135 spaced in a direction from the leading edge 160 toward the trailing edge 150. There are also intermediate ribs 140 and 145 intermediate the channels. An outer surface of ribs 140 and 145 define a parallel plane with surfaces 165 and 155 of the recess to support the cover 200.
As can be appreciated from FIG. 3, the width of the channels 128, 130, 135 defined in a direction from the leading edge 160 toward the trailing edge 150 increases as the channels approach the trailing edge 150.
The ribs will provide structural support to the vane 100 while the channels 128, 130 and 135 reduce the overall weight.
As shown, a “fool-proofing” notch 300 will ensure that the cover 200 which is mounted on a static guide vane 100 will be an appropriate cover. There are a number of distinct static guide vane classes, and each have an appropriate, and different, cover. By positioning the feature 300 at distinct locations, one can be assured that the proper cover 200 is mounted on each static guide vane 100.
Although an embodiment of this invention has been disclosed, a worker of ordinary skill in this art would recognize that certain modifications would come within the scope of this invention. For that reason, the following claims should be studied to determine the true scope and content of this invention.

Claims

1. A static guide vane for a gas turbine engine comprising:

an outer platform and an inner platform, said inner and outer platforms connected by an airfoil; and

said airfoil having channels extending into a main body of said airfoil and a cover closing off said channels with said cover providing a portion of said airfoil.

2. The static guide vane as set forth in claim 1, wherein there are a plurality of said channels extending in a generally radial direction from said inner platform toward said outer platform, and spaced from a leading edge of said airfoil towards a trailing edge of said airfoil.

3. The static guide vane as set forth in claim 2, wherein said channels extend for a greater width, with the width defined between the leading and trailing edges, as the channels approach the trailing edge.

4. The static guide vane as set forth in claim 2, wherein there are ribs intermediate said plurality of channels.

5. The static guide vane as set forth in claim 4, wherein said ribs, and portions of a recess between said channels and said trailing and leading edges together form a planar surface for supporting said cover.

6. The static guide vane as set forth in claim 1, wherein there are a plurality of said channels extending in a generally radial direction from said inner platform toward said outer platform, and spaced from a leading edge of said airfoil towards a trailing edge of said airfoil, said channels extend for a greater width, with the width defined between the leading and trailing edges, as the channels approach the trailing edge, there are ribs intermediate said plurality of channels, and portions of a recess between said channels and said trailing and leading edges together form a planar surface for supporting said cover.

7. The static guide vane as set forth in claim 1, wherein a feature ensures that said cover is an appropriate cover for the particular static guide vane.

8. A fan section for use in a gas turbine engine comprising:

a fan rotor; and

a static guide vane, the static guide vane having an outer platform and an inner platform, said inner and outer platforms connected by an airfoil, said airfoil having channels extending into a main body of said airfoil, and a cover closing off said channels with said cover providing a portion of said airfoil.

9. The fan section as set forth in claim 8, wherein there are a plurality of said channels extending in a generally radial direction from said inner platform toward said outer platform, and spaced from a leading edge of said airfoil towards a trailing edge of said airfoil.

10. The fan section as set forth in claim 9, wherein said channels extend for a greater width, with the width defined between the leading and trailing edges as the channels approach the trailing edge.

11. The fan section as set forth in claim 9, wherein there are ribs intermediate said plurality of channels.

12. The fan section as set forth in claim 11, wherein said ribs, and portions of a recess between said channels and said trailing and leading edges together form a planar surface for supporting said cover.

13. The fan section as set forth in claim 8, wherein there are a plurality of said channels extending in a generally radial direction from said inner platform toward said outer platform, and spaced from a leading edge of said airfoil towards a trailing edge of said airfoil, said channels extend for a greater width, with the width defined between the leading and trailing edges, as the channels approach the trailing edge, there are ribs intermediate said plurality of channels, and portions of a recess between said channels and said trailing and leading edges together form a planar surface for supporting said cover.

14. The fan section as set forth in claim 8, wherein a feature ensures that said cover is an appropriate cover for the particular static guide vane.

15. A gas turbine engine comprising:

a fan section and a compressor section, with said fan section including a fan rotor; and

a row of static guide vanes, the static guide vanes having an outer platform and an inner platform, said inner and outer platforms connected by an airfoil, said airfoil having channels extending into a main body of said airfoil to reduce the weight of said vane, and a cover closing off said channels with said cover providing a portion of said airfoil.

16. The gas turbine engine as set forth in claim 15, wherein there are a plurality of said channels extending in a generally radial direction from said inner platform toward said outer platform, and spaced from a leading edge of said airfoil towards a trailing edge of said airfoil.

17. The gas turbine engine as set forth in claim 16, wherein said channels extend for a greater width, with the width defined between the leading and trailing edges as the channels approach the trailing edge.

18. The gas turbine engine as set forth in claim 16, wherein there are ribs intermediate said plurality of channels.

19. The gas turbine engine as set forth in claim 18, wherein said ribs, and portions of a recess between said channels and said trailing and leading edges together form a planar surface for supporting said cover.

20. The gas turbine engine as set forth in claim 15, wherein there are a plurality of said channels extending in a generally radial direction from said inner platform toward said outer platform, and spaced from a leading edge of said airfoil towards a trailing edge of said airfoil, said channels extend for a greater width, with the width defined between the leading and trailing edges, as the channels approach the trailing edge, there are ribs intermediate said plurality of channels, and portions of a recess between said channels and said trailing and leading edges together form a planar surface for supporting said cover.