US20150224477A1 - Method for the preparation of a catalysed particulate filter and catalysed particulate filter - Google Patents
Method for the preparation of a catalysed particulate filter and catalysed particulate filter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20150224477A1 US20150224477A1 US14/691,173 US201514691173A US2015224477A1 US 20150224477 A1 US20150224477 A1 US 20150224477A1 US 201514691173 A US201514691173 A US 201514691173A US 2015224477 A1 US2015224477 A1 US 2015224477A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- catalyst
- particulate filter
- catalysed particulate
- wash coat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 viscosity improvers Substances 0.000 description 2
- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DDPNPTNFVDEJOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Zr+4].[O-2].[Ce+3] Chemical compound [O-2].[Zr+4].[O-2].[Ce+3] DDPNPTNFVDEJOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUXLQRHSAFOZOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);dioxido(dioxo)tungsten Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O JUXLQRHSAFOZOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungstate Chemical compound [O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/30—Tungsten
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9463—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on one brick
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/10—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of rare earths
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
-
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0027—Powdering
- B01J37/0036—Grinding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0215—Coating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/206—Rare earth metals
- B01D2255/2065—Cerium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20738—Iron
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20761—Copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
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- B01D2255/20776—Tungsten
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D2255/40—Mixed oxides
- B01D2255/407—Zr-Ce mixed oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/50—Zeolites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/65—Catalysts not containing noble metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
- B01D2255/904—Multiple catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
- B01D2255/915—Catalyst supported on particulate filters
- B01D2255/9155—Wall flow filters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
- F01N2510/065—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction for reducing soot ignition temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to multifunctional catalysed diesel particulate filters.
- the invention relates to a method for the preparation of catalysed diesel particulate filters having both an activity in the removal of nitrogen oxides by the known selective catalytic reduction (SCR) process and an activity in the burning of soot having been captured on the filter.
- SCR selective catalytic reduction
- the invention provides furthermore a catalysed filter with a catalyst being active in the SCR and a catalyst for improved burning of soot.
- NOx nitrogen oxides
- particulate matter are material and chemical compounds representing a health and environmental risk and must be reduced or removed from the engine exhaust gas.
- Particulate matter consists mainly of soot and is conventionally removed from the exhaust gas by passage through a filter arranged in the exhaust system of the engine.
- these filters are honeycomb wall flow filters, wherein the soot is captured on or in partition walls of the honeycomb filter.
- the build-up of captured particulate matter on the walls increases the pressure drop over the filter and the particulate matter must be removed, usually by way of burning the soot.
- Burning off of the soot is usually accomplished passively in the presence of a soot combustion catalyst or actively by a periodically increase of the temperature of the exhaust gas.
- Filters provided with a catalyst catalysing a burning off of the soot are known in the art.
- Beside a particulate filter, diesel exhaust gas cleaning systems disclosed in the art comprise a catalyst unit active in the selective reduction of NOx by reaction with ammonia.
- Multifunctional diesel particulate filters coated with catalysts catalysing different reactions are also known in the art.
- the different catalysts are segmentary or zone coated in different zones of the filter.
- Segmentary or zone coating of different catalysts on the filter is, however, an expensive and difficult preparation process.
- the present invention suggests a comparatively easier method for the preparation of particulate filers catalysed with different catalysts for the burning off of soot and a selective reduction of NOx.
- the invention relates to a method for the preparation of a catalysed particulate filter comprising the steps of
- dispenser side and “permeate side” as used herein refer both to the flow passages of the filter facing the soot containing exhaust gas and to the flow passages facing the filtrated exhaust gas, respectively.
- the main advantage of the method according to the invention is that the filter can be coated with a single wash coat containing two types of catalyst catalysing different reactions. Thereby the preparation of a multifunctional catalysed filter is much improved in terms of a facilitated and cost-saving production setup. Additionally, the intimate mixture of the first and the second catalyst provides process advantages when the first catalyst presents some activity for the second reaction and the second catalyst presents some activity for the first reaction. This synergy increases the soot combustion activity and SCR activity compared to a solution with only one of the catalysts. An example of this process advantage is demonstrated when the filter has a low soot loading because then the SCR NOx removal of the optimised SCR catalyst is supplemented by the SCR activity of the soot combustion catalyst. Thus the appropriate catalyst is available in the filter where the reaction is needed, which is an improvement compared to a segmentary wash coated filters.
- a further advantage of coating a filter with different types of catalysts as a mixture of catalyst particles is found in an improved heat transfer and a warm-up during a cold start due to a low thermal mass of the combined filter catalyst brick and thus makes it possible to start injection of a reductant and the SCR reaction earlier than hitherto known.
- the first catalyst particles active in combustion of soot with oxygen or nitrogen dioxide may comprise catalysts or catalyst precursors of one or more rare earth metal oxides.
- the first catalyst may further comprise zirconia, alumina, titania, silica, zeolite or combinations thereof.
- the first catalyst comprises preferably cerium oxide and zirconium oxide.
- the second catalyst particles in the wash coat being active in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx may comprise at least one of a zeolite, a silica aluminum phosphate, an ion exchanged zeolite, a silica aluminum phosphate optionally promoted with iron and/or copper, one or more base metal oxides and a catalyst support of at least one of cerium tungsten oxide on a titanium oxide support, an alumina support, a zirconium oxide support or a silica support.
- the second catalyst comprises preferably tungsten oxide and cerium oxide supported on alumina.
- the first and the second catalyst usually in particle form are milled to the required particle size and suspended in water or organic solvents, optionally with addition of binders, viscosity improvers, foaming agents or other processing aids.
- the wash coat may be prepared by suspending the first and second catalyst particles in form of a single suspension or by preparing two different suspensions with the first and the second catalyst, respectively, followed by mixing the two suspensions in a volume ratio to prepare the wash coat with the required amount of the first and the second catalyst particles.
- binders may be added after mixing.
- the filter is then wash coated according to common practice.
- the filter body is shaped in form of a wall flow monolith with a plurality of longitudinally expending passages formed by longitudinally extending walls bounding and defining flow passages, where the dispersion side of the passages have an open inlet end and an outlet end being plugged with plugs, and where the permeate side of the passages have an inlet end being plugged with plugs and an open outlet end.
- the filter body of the above wall flow monolith is wash coated before the outlet end of the dispersion side and the inlet end of the permeation side are plugged.
- the invention provides furthermore a catalysed particulate filter coated with a wash coat on its dispersion side and its permeate side and within partition walls of the filter body, said wash coat containing a first catalyst being active in burning off of soot together with a second catalyst active in a selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides.
- a preferred filter body for use in the invention comprises a wall flow monolith with a plurality of longitudinally extending passages formed by longitudinally extending walls bounding and defining flow passages.
- the inlet portion of the passages has an open inlet end and a closed outlet end, and the outlet passages have a closed inlet end and an open outlet end.
- Suitable filter materials for use in the invention are silicon carbide, aluminium titanate, cordierite, alumina, mullite or combinations thereof.
- the amount of first catalyst on the filter is typically 10 to 100 g/l and the amount of second catalyst on the filter is typically 20 to 180 g/l.
- the total catalyst loading on the filter is typically in the range 40 to 200 g/l.
- the particle sizes of both catalysts in the wash coating suspension are smaller than the mean pore size of the filter wall. But a further option is the particle size of one of the catalysts in the wash coating suspension being equal to or larger than the mean pore size of the filter wall.
- a suspension of the first catalyst is in a first step prepared from a mixture of cerium nitrate and zirconium nitrate followed by a heat treatment to convert the nitrate mixture into the oxides of cerium and zirconium with a molar ratio of Ce/Zr 3:1.
- a suspension of the first catalysts is prepared by mixing 40 g of the cerium oxide zirconium oxide mixture in 80 ml demineralised water.
- a dispersing agent Zephrym PD-7000 and an antifoam agent are added. The suspension is milled in a bead mill. The particle sizes must be lower than the mean pore diameter of the pores in the wall of the wall flow filter.
- a suspension of the second catalyst is prepared by mixing cerium nitrate and ammonium meta tungstate solutions followed by impregnating the mixed solution on aluminium oxide particles and heat treating the particles at 550° C. for 4 hours in air. Thereby alumina particles with 10% Cerium oxide and 10% tungsten oxide are obtained. 100 g of this tungsten oxide plus cerium oxide on aluminium oxide is dispersed in 200 ml demineralised water. A dispersing agent Zephrym PD-7000 and an antifoam agent is added. The suspension is milled in a bead mill. The particle sizes must be lower than the mean pore diameter of the pores in the wall of the wall flow filter.
- a suspension of the first catalyst is then mixed into the suspension of the second catalyst.
- a high porosity (approximately 60%) unplugged SiC wall flow filter is then wash coated with the mixture of the first and the second catalyst and dried.
- the end channels are plugged with a commercially available cement and the plugged filter is subsequently heat treated at 730° C.
Abstract
A catalysed particulate filter coated with a wash coat on its dispersion side and its permeate side and within partition walls of the filter. The wash coat contains a first catalyst active in burning off soot, together with a second catalyst active in a selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides.
Description
- This is a division of application Ser. No. 13/879,664, filed Apr. 16, 2013, which is a 371 of PCT/EP2011/005504, filed Nov. 1, 2011, which claims priority to Danish Application No. PA 2010 00991, filed Nov. 2, 2010.
- 1. Field of the Invention:
- The present invention relates to multifunctional catalysed diesel particulate filters. In particular, the invention relates to a method for the preparation of catalysed diesel particulate filters having both an activity in the removal of nitrogen oxides by the known selective catalytic reduction (SCR) process and an activity in the burning of soot having been captured on the filter.
- The invention provides furthermore a catalysed filter with a catalyst being active in the SCR and a catalyst for improved burning of soot.
- 2. Description of the Related Art:
- In addition to unburnt hydrocarbons, diesel exhaust contains, nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter. In particular NOx and particulate matter are material and chemical compounds representing a health and environmental risk and must be reduced or removed from the engine exhaust gas.
- Particulate matter consists mainly of soot and is conventionally removed from the exhaust gas by passage through a filter arranged in the exhaust system of the engine.
- Typically these filters are honeycomb wall flow filters, wherein the soot is captured on or in partition walls of the honeycomb filter. By time, the build-up of captured particulate matter on the walls increases the pressure drop over the filter and the particulate matter must be removed, usually by way of burning the soot. Burning off of the soot is usually accomplished passively in the presence of a soot combustion catalyst or actively by a periodically increase of the temperature of the exhaust gas.
- Filters provided with a catalyst catalysing a burning off of the soot are known in the art.
- Beside a particulate filter, diesel exhaust gas cleaning systems disclosed in the art comprise a catalyst unit active in the selective reduction of NOx by reaction with ammonia.
- Multifunctional diesel particulate filters coated with catalysts catalysing different reactions are also known in the art.
- In the known multifunctional filters the different catalysts are segmentary or zone coated in different zones of the filter.
- Segmentary or zone coating of different catalysts on the filter is, however, an expensive and difficult preparation process.
- The present invention suggests a comparatively easier method for the preparation of particulate filers catalysed with different catalysts for the burning off of soot and a selective reduction of NOx.
- Accordingly, the invention relates to a method for the preparation of a catalysed particulate filter comprising the steps of
- a) providing a catalyst wash coat containing a first catalyst active in burning off of soot in combination with a second catalyst active in selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides;
- b) coating a particulate filter body with the catalyst wash coat on the dispersion side and the permeate side of the filter body and within partition walls of the filter body; and
- c) drying and heat treating the coated filter body to obtain the catalysed particulate filter.
- The terms “dispersion side” and “permeate side” as used herein refer both to the flow passages of the filter facing the soot containing exhaust gas and to the flow passages facing the filtrated exhaust gas, respectively.
- The main advantage of the method according to the invention is that the filter can be coated with a single wash coat containing two types of catalyst catalysing different reactions. Thereby the preparation of a multifunctional catalysed filter is much improved in terms of a facilitated and cost-saving production setup. Additionally, the intimate mixture of the first and the second catalyst provides process advantages when the first catalyst presents some activity for the second reaction and the second catalyst presents some activity for the first reaction. This synergy increases the soot combustion activity and SCR activity compared to a solution with only one of the catalysts. An example of this process advantage is demonstrated when the filter has a low soot loading because then the SCR NOx removal of the optimised SCR catalyst is supplemented by the SCR activity of the soot combustion catalyst. Thus the appropriate catalyst is available in the filter where the reaction is needed, which is an improvement compared to a segmentary wash coated filters.
- A further advantage of coating a filter with different types of catalysts as a mixture of catalyst particles is found in an improved heat transfer and a warm-up during a cold start due to a low thermal mass of the combined filter catalyst brick and thus makes it possible to start injection of a reductant and the SCR reaction earlier than hitherto known.
- In one embodiment of the invention, the first catalyst particles active in combustion of soot with oxygen or nitrogen dioxide may comprise catalysts or catalyst precursors of one or more rare earth metal oxides. In addition to rare earth oxides, the first catalyst may further comprise zirconia, alumina, titania, silica, zeolite or combinations thereof.
- The first catalyst comprises preferably cerium oxide and zirconium oxide.
- In yet another embodiment of the invention, the second catalyst particles in the wash coat being active in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx may comprise at least one of a zeolite, a silica aluminum phosphate, an ion exchanged zeolite, a silica aluminum phosphate optionally promoted with iron and/or copper, one or more base metal oxides and a catalyst support of at least one of cerium tungsten oxide on a titanium oxide support, an alumina support, a zirconium oxide support or a silica support.
- The second catalyst comprises preferably tungsten oxide and cerium oxide supported on alumina.
- In order to form the wash coat for use in the invention, the first and the second catalyst usually in particle form are milled to the required particle size and suspended in water or organic solvents, optionally with addition of binders, viscosity improvers, foaming agents or other processing aids.
- The wash coat may be prepared by suspending the first and second catalyst particles in form of a single suspension or by preparing two different suspensions with the first and the second catalyst, respectively, followed by mixing the two suspensions in a volume ratio to prepare the wash coat with the required amount of the first and the second catalyst particles.
- Further binders, viscosity improvers, foaming agents may be added after mixing.
- The filter is then wash coated according to common practice.
- In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the filter body is shaped in form of a wall flow monolith with a plurality of longitudinally expending passages formed by longitudinally extending walls bounding and defining flow passages, where the dispersion side of the passages have an open inlet end and an outlet end being plugged with plugs, and where the permeate side of the passages have an inlet end being plugged with plugs and an open outlet end.
- In yet another preferred embodiment, the filter body of the above wall flow monolith is wash coated before the outlet end of the dispersion side and the inlet end of the permeation side are plugged.
- The invention provides furthermore a catalysed particulate filter coated with a wash coat on its dispersion side and its permeate side and within partition walls of the filter body, said wash coat containing a first catalyst being active in burning off of soot together with a second catalyst active in a selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides.
- A preferred filter body for use in the invention comprises a wall flow monolith with a plurality of longitudinally extending passages formed by longitudinally extending walls bounding and defining flow passages. The inlet portion of the passages has an open inlet end and a closed outlet end, and the outlet passages have a closed inlet end and an open outlet end.
- Examples of suitable filter materials for use in the invention are silicon carbide, aluminium titanate, cordierite, alumina, mullite or combinations thereof.
- The amount of first catalyst on the filter is typically 10 to 100 g/l and the amount of second catalyst on the filter is typically 20 to 180 g/l. The total catalyst loading on the filter is typically in the range 40 to 200 g/l.
- The particle sizes of both catalysts in the wash coating suspension are smaller than the mean pore size of the filter wall. But a further option is the particle size of one of the catalysts in the wash coating suspension being equal to or larger than the mean pore size of the filter wall.
- A suspension of the first catalyst is in a first step prepared from a mixture of cerium nitrate and zirconium nitrate followed by a heat treatment to convert the nitrate mixture into the oxides of cerium and zirconium with a molar ratio of Ce/Zr 3:1. In a second step, a suspension of the first catalysts is prepared by mixing 40 g of the cerium oxide zirconium oxide mixture in 80 ml demineralised water. A dispersing agent Zephrym PD-7000 and an antifoam agent are added. The suspension is milled in a bead mill. The particle sizes must be lower than the mean pore diameter of the pores in the wall of the wall flow filter.
- A suspension of the second catalyst is prepared by mixing cerium nitrate and ammonium meta tungstate solutions followed by impregnating the mixed solution on aluminium oxide particles and heat treating the particles at 550° C. for 4 hours in air. Thereby alumina particles with 10% Cerium oxide and 10% tungsten oxide are obtained. 100 g of this tungsten oxide plus cerium oxide on aluminium oxide is dispersed in 200 ml demineralised water. A dispersing agent Zephrym PD-7000 and an antifoam agent is added. The suspension is milled in a bead mill. The particle sizes must be lower than the mean pore diameter of the pores in the wall of the wall flow filter.
- A suspension of the first catalyst is then mixed into the suspension of the second catalyst.
- A high porosity (approximately 60%) unplugged SiC wall flow filter is then wash coated with the mixture of the first and the second catalyst and dried.
- After coating, the end channels are plugged with a commercially available cement and the plugged filter is subsequently heat treated at 730° C.
Claims (4)
10. A catalysed particulate filter coated with a wash coat on its dispersion side and its permeate side and within partition walls of the filter, said wash coat containing a first catalyst active in burning off of soot, together with a second catalyst active in a selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides.
11. The catalysed particulate filter of claim 10 , wherein the filter is in form of a wall flow monolith with a plurality of longitudinally extending passages formed by longitudinally extending walls bounding and defining flow passages, the dispersion side of the passages have an open inlet end and a closed outlet end, and the permeate side of the passages have a closed inlet end and an open outlet end.
11. The catalysed particulate filter of claim 10 , wherein the first and second catalyst in the wash coat suspension have a particle size smaller than the mean pore size of the filter walls.
12. The catalysed particulate filter of claim 10 , wherein the first or the second catalyst in the wash coat suspension has a particle size equal to or larger than the mean pore size of the filter walls.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US14/691,173 US20150224477A1 (en) | 2010-11-02 | 2015-04-20 | Method for the preparation of a catalysed particulate filter and catalysed particulate filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DKPA201000991 | 2010-11-02 | ||
DKPA201000991 | 2010-11-02 | ||
PCT/EP2011/005504 WO2012059211A1 (en) | 2010-11-02 | 2011-11-01 | Method for the preparation of a catalysed particulate filter and catalysed particulate filler |
US201313879664A | 2013-04-16 | 2013-04-16 | |
US14/691,173 US20150224477A1 (en) | 2010-11-02 | 2015-04-20 | Method for the preparation of a catalysed particulate filter and catalysed particulate filter |
Related Parent Applications (2)
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US13/879,664 Division US9073047B2 (en) | 2010-11-02 | 2011-11-01 | Method for the preparation of a catalysed particulate filter and catalysed particulate filter |
PCT/EP2011/005504 Division WO2012059211A1 (en) | 2010-11-02 | 2011-11-01 | Method for the preparation of a catalysed particulate filter and catalysed particulate filler |
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US20150224477A1 true US20150224477A1 (en) | 2015-08-13 |
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US14/691,173 Abandoned US20150224477A1 (en) | 2010-11-02 | 2015-04-20 | Method for the preparation of a catalysed particulate filter and catalysed particulate filter |
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US13/879,664 Active 2031-12-01 US9073047B2 (en) | 2010-11-02 | 2011-11-01 | Method for the preparation of a catalysed particulate filter and catalysed particulate filter |
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US (2) | US9073047B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2635373A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5863815B2 (en) |
KR (2) | KR101873826B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103402626B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112013010788A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2815703C (en) |
CL (1) | CL2013001186A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2013004635A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2013125291A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012059211A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA201303119B (en) |
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WO2017144491A1 (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-08-31 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | Method for the preparation of a catalysed monolith |
WO2017144493A1 (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-08-31 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | Method for the preparation of a zone coated catalysed monolith |
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EP2635375B1 (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2014-12-24 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | Method for the preparation of a catalysed particulate filter and catalysed particulate filter |
EP3401009B1 (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2021-02-17 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Catalysed particulate filter and method for the preparation thereof |
CN103084166A (en) * | 2013-01-19 | 2013-05-08 | 大连理工大学 | Low-temperature SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) denitration catalyst with multilevel macroporous-mesoporous structure and preparation method thereof |
DK178520B1 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2016-05-09 | Haldor Topsoe As | Process for preparing a catalyzed fabric filter and a catalyzed fabric filter |
JP6293638B2 (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2018-03-14 | 株式会社キャタラー | Exhaust gas purification device |
CN108348855A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2018-07-31 | 庄信万丰股份有限公司 | Catalytic filter with cigarette ash catalyst and SCR catalyst |
JP2020131181A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2020-08-31 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Honeycomb structure |
US11187127B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2021-11-30 | Deere & Company | Exhaust gas treatment system and method with four-way catalyzed filter element |
CN115090302B (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2023-09-15 | 重庆三峡学院 | Modified sulfated supported cerium-aluminum denitration catalyst and preparation method thereof |
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- 2011-11-01 KR KR1020177035439A patent/KR101873826B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-11-01 WO PCT/EP2011/005504 patent/WO2012059211A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-11-01 EP EP11782049.8A patent/EP2635373A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-11-01 JP JP2013537034A patent/JP5863815B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-11-01 KR KR1020137013581A patent/KR101870412B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-11-01 CN CN201180053049.8A patent/CN103402626B/en active Active
- 2011-11-01 US US13/879,664 patent/US9073047B2/en active Active
- 2011-11-01 RU RU2013125291/04A patent/RU2013125291A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-11-01 MX MX2013004635A patent/MX2013004635A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-11-01 CA CA2815703A patent/CA2815703C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
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JP2014509923A (en) | 2014-04-24 |
RU2013125291A (en) | 2014-12-10 |
CA2815703A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
WO2012059211A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
KR101870412B1 (en) | 2018-06-25 |
KR20140002656A (en) | 2014-01-08 |
MX2013004635A (en) | 2013-06-05 |
CN103402626A (en) | 2013-11-20 |
JP5863815B2 (en) | 2016-02-17 |
US9073047B2 (en) | 2015-07-07 |
BR112013010788A2 (en) | 2016-08-09 |
ZA201303119B (en) | 2014-07-30 |
CL2013001186A1 (en) | 2014-01-24 |
EP2635373A1 (en) | 2013-09-11 |
KR20170140422A (en) | 2017-12-20 |
KR101873826B1 (en) | 2018-07-03 |
CN103402626B (en) | 2016-05-18 |
CA2815703C (en) | 2018-06-05 |
US20130210609A1 (en) | 2013-08-15 |
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