US20150189487A1 - Communication control method, user terminal, processor, and storage medium - Google Patents

Communication control method, user terminal, processor, and storage medium Download PDF

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US20150189487A1
US20150189487A1 US14/405,463 US201314405463A US2015189487A1 US 20150189487 A1 US20150189487 A1 US 20150189487A1 US 201314405463 A US201314405463 A US 201314405463A US 2015189487 A1 US2015189487 A1 US 2015189487A1
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communication
network
user terminal
terminal
inter
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Kugo Morita
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Kyocera Corp
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Kyocera Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/005—Discovery of network devices, e.g. terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave
    • H04W52/0216—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave using a pre-established activity schedule, e.g. traffic indication frame
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave
    • H04W52/0219—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave where the power saving management affects multiple terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
    • H04W52/383—TPC being performed in particular situations power control in peer-to-peer links
    • H04W76/023—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/14—Direct-mode setup
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/36—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
    • H04W52/367—Power values between minimum and maximum limits, e.g. dynamic range
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
    • H04W52/48—TPC being performed in particular situations during retransmission after error or non-acknowledgment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
    • H04W76/23—Manipulation of direct-mode connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/16—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices
    • H04W92/18—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices between terminal devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a communication control method, a user terminal, a processor, and a storage medium, which are used in a cellular mobile communication system supporting D2D communication.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 In 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) which is a project aiming to standardize a cellular mobile communication system, the introduction of Device to Device (D2D) communication is discussed as a new function after release 12 (see Non-Patent Document 1).
  • D2D Device to Device
  • a plurality of user terminals proximal to one another are able to perform direct communication with each other in the state where a radio connection with a network is established (in the state where synchronization is achieved).
  • D2D communication is also called Proximity Service communication.
  • the current 3GPP standards do not define specifications for appropriately controlling the D2D communication.
  • the D2D communication and the cellular communication are difficult to be compatible with each other.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a communication control method, a user terminal, a processor, and a storage medium, with which it is possible to appropriately control D2D communication.
  • a communication control method of the present invention is characterized in that the communication control method is a communication control method used in a cellular mobile communication system that supports inter-terminal communication that is direct radio communication capable of being performed between user terminals in a state where a radio connection with a network is established, and the communication control method comprises a step of transmitting, by a first user terminal, to the network, communication request information indicating a desire to start the inter-terminal communication, a step of transmitting, by the network, to a second user terminal, start request information for starting waiting for a search signal, in a case where the second user terminal identified on the basis of the communication request information is stopping the waiting for the search signal for the inter-terminal communication, and a step of starting, by the second user terminal, waiting for the search signal upon receiving the start request information from the network.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an LTE system.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of UE.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of eNB.
  • FIG. 4 is a protocol stack diagram of a radio interface in the LTE system.
  • FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a radio frame used in the LTE system.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a data path in cellular communication.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a data path in D2D communication.
  • FIG. 8 is a sequence diagram of a search operation pattern 1 according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a sequence diagram of a search operation pattern 2 according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a flow diagram of a determination operation of a method of assigning radio resource according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a radio resource assignment operation according to the embodiment (part 1 ).
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a radio resource assignment operation according to the embodiment (part 2 ).
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a radio resource assignment operation according to the embodiment (part 3 ).
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining transmission power control and retransmission control according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a sequence diagram when transmission power in the D2D communication exceeds maximum transmission power.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining an interference avoidance operation according to the embodiment (part 1 ).
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining an interference avoidance operation according to the embodiment (part 2 ).
  • a communication control method is a communication control method used in a cellular mobile communication system that supports inter-terminal communication that is direct radio communication capable of being performed between user terminals in a state where a radio connection with a network is established, comprising: a step of transmitting, by a first user terminal, to the network, communication request information indicating a desire to start the inter-terminal communication; a step of transmitting, by the network, to a second user terminal, start request information for starting waiting for a search signal, in a case where the second user terminal identified on the basis of the communication request information is stopping the waiting for the search signal for the inter-terminal communication; and a step of starting, by the second user terminal, waiting for the search signal upon receiving the start request information from the network.
  • the communication request information may include at least one of: an identifier of an application to be used in the inter-terminal communication; an identifier of a group of user terminals between which the inter-terminal communication is to be performed; and an identifier of the second user terminal.
  • the communication control method may further comprise: a step of starting, by the first user terminal, a transmission of the search signal when it is desired to start the inter-terminal communication; and a step of transmitting, by the second user terminal, to the first user terminal, a response signal for the search signal upon receiving the search signal from the first user terminal after starting the waiting.
  • the communication control method may further comprises: a step of notifying, by the second user terminal, the network of transmission power of the response signal and received power of the search signal upon transmitting the response signal; a step of notifying, by the first user terminal, the network of received power of the response signal and transmission power of the search signal upon receiving the response signal; and a step of determining, by the network, whether the inter-terminal communication by the first user terminal and the second user terminal is possible on the basis of a distance estimated from the transmission power and the received power of the search signal and the transmission power and the received power of the response signal.
  • a user terminal is a user terminal that supports inter-terminal communication that is direct radio communication capable of being performed between user terminals in a state where a radio connection with a network is established, comprising: a processor that performs a process for transmitting, to the network, communication request information indicating a desire to start the inter-terminal communication.
  • a user terminal is a user terminal that supports inter-terminal communication that is direct radio communication capable of being performed between user terminals in a state where a radio connection with a network is established, comprising: a processor that performs a process for, in a case where waiting for a search signal for the inter-terminal communication is being stopping, starting waiting for the search signal upon receiving start request information for starting waiting for the search signal from the network.
  • a processor is a processor provided in a user terminal that supports inter-terminal communication that is direct radio communication capable of being performed between user terminals in a state where a radio connection with a network is established, wherein the processor performs a process for transmitting, to the network, communication request information indicating a desire to start the inter-terminal communication.
  • a processor is a processor provided in a user terminal that supports inter-terminal communication that is direct radio communication capable of being performed between user terminals in a state where a radio connection with a network is established, wherein the processor performs a process for, in a case where waiting for a search signal for the inter-terminal communication is being stopped, starting waiting for the search signal upon receiving start request information for starting waiting for the search signal from the network.
  • a storage medium is a storage medium provided in a user terminal that supports inter-terminal communication that is direct radio communication capable of being performed between user terminals in a state where a radio connection with a network is established, wherein the storage medium stores therein a program for the user terminal to perform a process for transmitting, to the network, communication request information indicating a desire to start the inter-terminal communication.
  • a storage medium is a storage medium provided in a user terminal that supports inter-terminal communication that is direct radio communication capable of being performed between user terminals in a state where a radio connection with a network is established, wherein the storage medium stores therein a program for the user terminal to perform a process for, in a case where waiting for a search signal for the inter-terminal communication is being stopped, starting waiting for the search signal upon receiving start request information for starting waiting for the search signal from the network.
  • LTE system cellular mobile communication system
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an LTE system according to the present embodiment.
  • the LTE system includes a plurality of UEs (User Equipments) 100 , E-UTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) 10 , and EPC (Evolved Packet Core) 20 .
  • the E-UTRAN 10 and the EPC 20 configure a network.
  • the UE 100 is a mobile radio communication device and performs radio communication with a cell (a serving cell) with which a radio connection is established.
  • the UE 100 corresponds to a user terminal.
  • the E-UTRAN 10 includes a plurality of eNBs 200 (evolved Node-Bs).
  • the eNB 200 corresponds to a base station.
  • the eNB 200 manages a cell and performs radio communication with the UE 100 which is established a radio connection with the cell.
  • the “cell” is used as a term indicating a minimum unit of a radio communication area, and is also used as a function of performing radio communication with the UE 100 .
  • the eNB 200 for example, has a radio resource management (RRM) function, a routing function of user data, and a measurement control function for mobility control and scheduling.
  • RRM radio resource management
  • the EPC 20 includes MME (Mobility Management Entity)/S-GW (Serving-Gateway) 300 and OAM 400 (Operation and Maintenance).
  • MME Mobility Management Entity
  • S-GW Serving-Gateway
  • OAM 400 Operaation and Maintenance
  • the MME is a network node that performs various types of mobility control and the like for the UE 100 and corresponds to a control station.
  • the S-GW is a network node that performs transfer control of user data and corresponds to a mobile switching center.
  • the eNBs 200 are connected mutually via an X2 interface. Furthermore, the eNBs 200 are connected to the MME/S-GW 300 via an S1 interface.
  • the OAM 400 is a server device managed by an operator and performs maintenance and monitoring of the E-UTRAN 10 .
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the UE 100 .
  • the UE 100 includes an antenna 101 , a radio transceiver 110 , a user interface 120 , a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver 130 , a battery 140 , a memory 150 , and a processor 160 .
  • the memory 150 corresponds to a storage medium.
  • the UE 100 may not have the GNSS receiver 130 .
  • the memory 150 may be integrally formed with the processor 160 , and this set (that is, a chipset) may be called a processor 160 ′.
  • the antenna 101 and the radio transceiver 110 are used for transmission/reception of a radio signal.
  • the antenna 101 includes a plurality of antenna elements.
  • the radio transceiver 110 converts a baseband signal output from the processor 160 into a radio signal, and transmits the radio signal from the antenna 101 . Furthermore, the radio transceiver 110 converts a radio signal received in the antenna 101 into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor 160 .
  • the user interface 120 is an interface with a user carrying the UE 100 , and for example, includes a display, a microphone, a speaker, and various buttons and the like.
  • the user interface 120 receives an operation from a user and outputs a signal indicating the content of the operation to the processor 160 .
  • the GNSS receiver 130 receives a GNSS signal in order to obtain location information indicating a geographical location of the UE 100 , and outputs the received signal to the processor 160 .
  • the battery 140 accumulates power to be supplied to each block of the UE 100 .
  • the memory 150 stores a program to be executed by the processor 160 and information to be used for a process by the processor 160 .
  • the processor 160 includes a baseband processor configured to perform modulation/demodulation, coding/decoding and the like of the baseband signal, and CPU (Central Processing Unit) configured to perform various processes by executing the program stored in the memory 150 .
  • the processor 160 may include a codec configured to perform coding/decoding of a voice/video signal.
  • the processor 160 for example, implements various communication protocols which will be described later, as well as implementing various applications. Details of the processes performed by the processor 160 will be described later.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the eNB 200 .
  • the eNB 200 includes an antenna 201 , a radio transceiver 210 , a network interface 220 , a memory 230 , and a processor 240 .
  • the memory 230 may be integrally formed with the processor 240 , and this set (that is, a chipset) may be called a processor.
  • the antenna 201 and the radio transceiver 210 are used for transmission/reception of a radio signal.
  • the antenna 201 includes a plurality of antenna elements.
  • the radio transceiver 210 converts a baseband signal output from the processor 240 into a radio signal, and transmits the radio signal from the antenna 201 . Furthermore, the radio transceiver 210 converts a radio signal received in the antenna 201 into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor 240 .
  • the network interface 220 is connected to the neighboring eNB 200 via the X2 interface and is connected to the MME/S-GW 300 via the S1 interface.
  • the network interface 220 is used in communication performed on the X2 interface and communication performed on the S1 interface.
  • the memory 230 stores a program to be executed by the processor 240 and information to be used for a process by the processor 240 .
  • the processor 240 includes a baseband processor configured to perform modulation/demodulation, coding/decoding and the like of the baseband signal, and CPU configured to perform various processes by executing the program stored in the memory 230 .
  • the processor 240 for example, implements various communication protocols which will be described later. Details of the processes performed by the processor 240 will be described later.
  • FIG. 4 is a protocol stack diagram of a radio interface in the LTE system.
  • the radio interface protocol is classified into a layer 1 to a layer 3 of an OSI reference model, wherein the layer 1 is a physical (PHY) layer.
  • the layer 2 includes a MAC (Medium Access Control) layer, an RLC (Radio Link Control) layer, and a PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) layer.
  • the layer 3 includes an RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer.
  • the PHY layer performs coding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, antenna mapping/demapping, and resource mapping/demapping.
  • the PHY layer provides a transmission service to an upper layer by using a physical channel. Between the PHY layer of the UE 100 and the PHY layer of the eNB 200 , data is transmitted through the physical channel.
  • the MAC layer performs preferential control of data, and a retransmission process and the like by hybrid ARQ (HARQ).
  • HARQ hybrid ARQ
  • the MAC layer of the eNB 200 includes a MAC scheduler for determining a transport format (a transport block size, a modulation and coding scheme, and the like) and a resource block of an uplink and a downlink.
  • the RLC layer transmits data to an RLC layer of a reception side by using the functions of the MAC layer and the PHY layer. Between the RLC layer of the UE 100 and the RLC layer of the eNB 200 , data is transmitted through a logical channel.
  • the PDCP layer performs header compression/extension and encryption/decryption.
  • the RRC layer is defined only in a control plane. Between the RRC layer of the UE 100 and the RRC layer of the eNB 200 , data is transmitted through a radio bearer.
  • the RRC layer controls the logical channel, the transport channel, and the physical channel in response to establishment, re-establishment, and release of the radio bearer.
  • the UE 100 is in an RRC connected state. Otherwise, the UE 100 is in an RRC idle state.
  • a NAS (Non-Access Stratum) layer positioned above the RRC layer performs session management, mobility management and the like.
  • FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a radio frame used in the LTE system.
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Access
  • SC-FDMA Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • the radio frame includes 10 subframes arranged in a time-period direction, wherein each subframe includes two slots arranged in the time-period direction.
  • Each subframe has a length of 1 ms and each slot has a length of 0.5 ms.
  • Each subframe includes a plurality of resource blocks (RBs) in a frequency direction, and a plurality of symbols in the time-period direction. Each symbol is provided at a head thereof with a guard interval called a cyclic prefix (CP).
  • RBs resource blocks
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • an interval of several symbols at the head of each subframe is a control region mainly used as a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). Furthermore, the other interval of each subframe is a region mainly used as a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).
  • PDCH physical downlink control channel
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • both end portions in the frequency direction of each subframe are control regions mainly used as a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH). Furthermore, the center portion in the frequency direction of each subframe is a region mainly used as a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH).
  • PUCCH physical uplink control channel
  • PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
  • the LTE system will be described with comparing the normal communication (the cellular communication) with the D2D communication.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a data path in the cellular communication. Furthermore, FIG. 6 illustrates the case in which the cellular communication is performed between UE (A) 100 - 1 which is established a radio connection with eNB 200 - 1 and UE (B) 100 - 2 which is established a radio connection with eNB 200 - 2 .
  • the data path indicates a data transfer path of user data (a user plane).
  • the data path of the cellular communication passes through the network. Specifically, the data path via the eNB 200 - 1 , the S-GW 300 , and the eNB 200 - 2 is set.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a data path in the D2D communication. Furthermore, FIG. 7 illustrates the case in which the D2D communication is performed between the UE (A) 100 - 1 which is established a radio connection with the eNB 200 - 1 and the UE (B) 100 - 2 which is established a radio connection with the eNB 200 - 2 .
  • the data path of the D2D communication does not pass through the network. That is, direct radio communication is performed between the UEs.
  • the D2D communication is performed between the UE (A) 100 - 1 and the UE (B) 100 - 2 , thereby obtaining an effect that a traffic load of the network and a battery consumption amount of the UE 100 are reduced and so on.
  • the D2D communication is assumed to be performed in the frequency band of the LTE system, and for example, in order to avoid interference to the cellular communication, the D2D communication is performed under the control of the network.
  • the UE (A) desiring to start the D2D communication should have a (Discover) function of discovering the UE (B) that is a communication partner existing in the vicinity of the UE (A). Furthermore, the UE (B) should have a (Discoverable) function of being discovered by the UE (A).
  • the UE (A) periodically transmits a search signal (a Discover signal) to around the UE (A) in order to discover the UE (B) that is a communication partner.
  • a search signal a Discover signal
  • the UE (B) waits for the search signal and transmits a response signal to the UE (A) in response to the reception of the search signal. Then, the network determines whether the D2D communication by the UE (A) and the UE (B) is possible.
  • FIG. 8 is a sequence diagram of a search operation pattern 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 transmits a search signal to around the UE (A) 100 - 1 .
  • the search signal includes an identifier of the UE (A) 100 - 1 and an identifier of an application to be used in the D2D communication.
  • the identifier of the application for example, is used in order to limit UE (UE which will transmit a response signal) which will respond to the search signal.
  • the search signal may further include an identifier of the UE (B) 100 - 2 that is a communication partner, or an identifier of a group (a D2D communication group) of the UE 100 which will perform the D2D communication.
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 stores transmission power of the search signal.
  • the UE (B) 100 - 2 waits for the search signal and receives the search signal from the UE (A) 100 - 1 .
  • the UE (B) 100 - 2 measures received power (reception strength) of the search signal and stores the measured received power.
  • step S 2 the UE (B) 100 - 2 transmits a response signal to the UE (A) in response to the reception of the search signal.
  • the response signal includes an identifier of the UE (B) 100 - 2 and an identifier of an application to be used in the D2D communication. Furthermore, when transmitting the response signal, the UE (B) 100 - 2 stores transmission power of the response signal.
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 waits for the response signal and receives the response signal from the UE (B) 100 - 2 .
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 measures received power (reception strength) of the response signal and stores the measured received power.
  • step S 3 in response to the reception of the response signal, the UE (A) 100 - 1 transmits, to the eNB 200 , a D2D communication request (A) indicating that the start of the D2D communication is desired.
  • the D2D communication request (A) includes the identifier of the UE (A) 100 - 1 and the identifier of the application to be used in the D2D communication.
  • the D2D communication request (A) further includes information on the transmission power of the search signal and information on the received power of the response signal.
  • the eNB 200 measures received power of the D2D communication request (A), adds information on the measured received power to the D2D communication request (A), and transfers the D2D communication request (A) to the MME/S-GW 300 .
  • step S 4 in response to the transmission of the response signal, the UE (B) 100 - 2 transmits, to the eNB 200 , a D2D communication request (B) indicating that the start of the D2D communication is desired.
  • the D2D communication request (B) includes the identifier of the UE (B) 100 - 2 and the identifier of the application to be used in the D2D communication.
  • the D2D communication request (B) further includes information on the transmission power of the response signal and information on the received power of the search signal.
  • the eNB 200 measures received power of the D2D communication request (B), adds information on the measured received power to the D2D communication request (B), and transfers the D2D communication request (B) to the MME/S-GW 300 .
  • the MME/S-GW 300 determines whether the D2D communication by the UE (A) 100 - 1 and the UE (B) 100 - 2 is possible on the basis of a distance between the UEs, a distance between the UE and the eNB, application characteristics and the like, which are obtained from the D2D communication request (A) and the D2D communication request (B). For example, the MME/S-GW 300 determines whether the D2D communication is possible by at least one of the following first determination reference to third determination reference.
  • the MME/S-GW 300 determines that the D2D communication is not possible. This is because the D2D communication is basically performed between neighboring UEs 100 , and interference and a battery consumption amount are increased when the D2D communication is performed between UEs 100 remote from each other.
  • the MME/S-GW 300 is able to estimate a distance between the UE (A) 100 - 1 and the UE (B) 100 - 2 on the basis of the propagation loss.
  • the MME/S-GW 300 is able to estimate the distance between the UE (A) 100 - 1 and the UE (B) 100 - 2 on the basis of the propagation loss.
  • the transmission power of the search signal and the transmission power of the response signal are each uniformly defined in an entire system in advance, information on the transmission power may not be included in the D2D communication request.
  • the MME/S-GW 300 determines that the D2D communication is not possible. This is because interference to the eNB 200 is increased when the D2D communication is performed in the vicinity of the eNB 200 .
  • the MME/S-GW 300 is able to estimate the distance between the UE (A) 100 - 1 and the eNB 200 on the basis of the propagation loss.
  • the MME/S-GW 300 is able to estimate the distance between the UE (B) 100 - 2 and the eNB 200 on the basis of the propagation loss.
  • the transmission power of the D2D communication request may be notified from the UE.
  • the MME/S-GW 300 determines that the D2D communication is not possible. In other words, only in the case of an application that generates continuous traffic with a large capacity (a high load), the MME/S-GW 300 determines that the D2D communication is possible. This is because a merit of the D2D communication may not be sufficiently achieved when treating traffic temporarily or in a low load.
  • the MME/S-GW 300 determines that the D2D communication is possible. Details thereof will be described later, but the D2D communication may also be applied to the application that generates the traffic temporarily or in a small amount (a low load).
  • the MME/S-GW 300 When it is determined that the D2D communication by the UE (A) 100 - 1 and the UE (B) 100 - 2 is possible, the MME/S-GW 300 notifies the eNB 200 of necessary information and the fact that the D2D communication is possible, so that the D2D communication is started under the control of the eNB 200 .
  • the D2D communication is possible only when the UE (A) 100 - 1 and the UE (B) 100 - 2 are in a state suitable for the D2D communication.
  • the aforementioned operation pattern 1 assumes the case in which the UE (B) always waits for the search signal. However, for example, it is possible to assume the case of stopping waiting for the search signal in order to reduce a battery consumption amount.
  • the operation pattern 2 it is assumed that UE (A) is able to discover UE (B) in such a sleep state of the D2D communication.
  • FIG. 9 is a sequence diagram of the search operation pattern 2 according to the present embodiment.
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 transmits, to the eNB 200 , a D2D communication request indicating that the start of the D2D communication is desired.
  • the eNB 200 transfers the D2D communication request from the UE (A) 100 - 1 to the MME/S-GW 300 .
  • the D2D communication request includes the identifier of the UE (A) 100 - 1 and the identifier of the application to be used in the D2D communication.
  • the D2D communication request may further include an identifier of the UE (B) 100 - 2 that is a communication partner, or an identifier of a group (a D2D communication group) of the UE 100 which will perform the D2D communication.
  • the MME/S-GW 300 designates UE (B) 100 - 2 , which satisfies the D2D communication request from the UE (A) 100 - 1 , among UEs 100 existing in a camping area (or a camping cell) of the UE (A) 100 - 1 . Furthermore, the MME/S-GW 300 confirms the state of the UE (B) 100 - 2 so as to determine whether the waiting for the search signal is in progress or being cancelled.
  • the following description will be given on the assumption that the UE (B) 100 - 2 stops waiting for the search signal.
  • step S 13 the MME/S-GW 300 transmits, to the eNB 200 , a waiting start request directed to the UE (B) 100 - 2 .
  • the eNB 200 transfers the waiting start request from the MME/S-GW 300 to the UE (B) 100 - 2 .
  • step S 14 when the waiting start request is received, the UE (B) 100 - 2 starts to wait for the search signal. Specifically, the UE (B) 100 - 2 attempts the reception of the search signal at a predetermined cycle.
  • the UE (B) 100 - 2 After starting to wait for the search signal, when the search signal from the UE (A) 100 - 1 is received (step S 1 ), the UE (B) 100 - 2 transmits a response signal for the search signal to the UE (A) 100 - 1 (step S 2 ). Subsequent operations are similar to those of the operation pattern 1 .
  • the UE (B) 100 - 2 even in the sleep state of the D2D communication can be discovered by the UE (A) 100 - 1 .
  • the “radio resource” indicates a resource block (RB) that is a unit of a time-frequency resource, that is, a frequency band. Furthermore, a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) in radio communication may be included in the “radio resource”.
  • RB resource block
  • MCS modulation and coding scheme
  • the eNB 200 performs quasi-static radio resource assignment for the D2D communication.
  • the eNB 200 determines a method of assigning radio resource in the D2D communication in response to the characteristics of an application that is used in the D2D communication.
  • FIG. 10 is a flow diagram of a determination operation of the method of assigning radio resource in the present embodiment.
  • the eNB 200 acquires an identifier of the application, which is used in the D2D communication, from the MME/S-GW 300 .
  • the eNB 200 may acquire the identifier of the application, which is used in the D2D communication, from the UE 100 performing the D2D communication.
  • the eNB 200 recognizes the characteristics of the application from the identifier of the application that is used in the D2D communication.
  • the eNB 200 holds in advance a table, in which the identifier of the application is correlated with the characteristics thereof, and is able to recognize the characteristics of the application by using the table.
  • the eNB 200 determines to assign a radio resource, which is commonly used in another D2D communication, to the D2D communication in step S 22 . In this way, it is possible to save the radio resource.
  • difference codes swipe codes
  • a code 1 is assigned to a D2D communication pair 1 and a code 2 is assigned to a D2D communication pair 2, so that each pair is able to separate the information of one pair from the information of the other pair.
  • the eNB 200 determines to periodically assign a dedicated radio resource to the D2D communication in step S 23 . In this way, it is possible to transmit a large amount of traffic in the D2D communication.
  • the eNB 200 determines assignment such that the dedicated radio resource is repeatedly transmitted in a cyclic manner, in step S 24 .
  • the repetitive transmission is not limited to a scheme for repeatedly transmitting the same data a plurality of times.
  • the repetitive transmission may include a scheme for changing a redundant bit whenever the radio resource is transmitted and repeatedly transmitting the radio resource (for example, an Incremental Redundancy scheme).
  • the eNB 200 is able to control radio resource assignment for the D2D communication, separately from the cellular communication.
  • the radio resource assignment is controlled for the D2D communication, separately from the cellular communication.
  • the UE 100 transmits a buffer state report (BSR) to the eNB 200 , and the eNB 200 controls the assignment of an uplink radio resource to the UE 100 on the basis of the BSR from the UE 100 , the BSR indicating the amount of data waiting for transmission (a transmission buffer stay amount) to the eNB 200 .
  • BSR buffer state report
  • the radio resource assignment is also controlled in the D2D communication on the basis of the BSR.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the UE (A) 100 - 1 performing only the cellular communication by using a plurality of applications.
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 implements applications 0, 1, 2, 3, . . . , and transmits traffic generated by each application and a control signal to the eNB 200 by using a plurality of logical channels.
  • each logical channel is provided with a buffer for temporarily holding data transmitted through the logical channel.
  • the logical channels are grouped into a plurality of logical channel groups (LCG).
  • LCG logical channel groups
  • the BSR is defined to be transmitted for each LCG.
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 transmits the BSR to the eNB 200 for each of the LCG 0 to the LCG 3.
  • a scheduler of the eNB 200 recognizes a transmission buffer stay amount indicated by the BSR for each of the LCG 0 to the LCG 3, and performs uplink radio resource assignment corresponding to the transmission buffer stay amount.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the UE (A) 100 - 1 when switching a part of the applications to the D2D communication with the UE (B) 100 - 2 from the situation of FIG. 11 .
  • the MME/S-GW 300 (or the eNB 200 ) designates an application (here, the application 0) to be used in the D2D communication, and notifies the UE (A) 100 - 1 of the designated application 0.
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 sets certain LCG (here, the LCG 3) to be dedicated for the application 0. That is, the UE (A) 100 - 1 secures the LCG 3 for the D2D communication, in addition to the LCG 0 to the LCG 2 for the cellular communication.
  • LCG the LCG 3
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 secures a hardware resource for the D2D communication with respect to the LCG 3 for the D2D communication.
  • the hardware resource indicates a resource (a processing resource) of the processor 160 and a resource (a memory resource) of the memory 150 .
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 notifies the eNB 200 of the LCG 3 for the D2D communication.
  • the eNB 200 assigns a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) for the D2D communication to the LCG 3 for the D2D communication, which was notified from the UE (A) 100 - 1 .
  • the RNTI is a UE identifier that is temporarily provided for control.
  • the PDCCH includes RNTI of the UE 100 that is a transmission destination, and the UE 100 determines the presence or absence of radio resource assignment on the basis of the presence or absence of the RNTI of the UE 100 in the PDCCH.
  • the RNTI for the D2D communication is called “D2D-RNTI”.
  • the eNB 200 assigns the D2D-RNTI to the UE (A) 100 - 1 , in addition to RNTI (C-RNTI) for the cellular communication.
  • C-RNTI RNTI for the cellular communication.
  • the total two RNTIs are assigned to the UE (A) 100 - 1 , so that initial setting of the D2D communication is completed.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the UE (A) 100 - 1 during the D2D communication.
  • step S 31 the UE (A) 100 - 1 transmits BSR MCE (MAC Control Element) to the eNB 200 together with transmission data (DAT) directed to the eNB 200 .
  • BSR MCE MAC Control Element
  • the BSR MCE includes BSRs of each of the LCG 0 to the LCG 3.
  • step S 32 on the basis of the BSR MCE, the eNB 200 recognizes a transmission buffer stay amount indicated by the BSR with respect to each of the LCG 0 to the LCG 3, and performs radio resource assignment corresponding to the transmission buffer stay amount for each of the LCG 0 to the LCG 3. Furthermore, on the basis of the transmission buffer stay amount for the LCG 3, the eNB 200 determines a radio resource to be assigned to the D2D communication. Then, the eNB 200 notifies the UE (A) 100 - 1 of the radio resource, which is to be assigned to the D2D communication, using the D2D-RNTI on the PDCCH.
  • step S 33 the UE (A) 100 - 1 transmits to the UE (B) 100 - 2 by using the radio resource assigned to the D2D communication.
  • radio resource assignment it is possible to control radio resource assignment for the D2D communication, separately from the cellular communication. Furthermore, it is also possible to control the assignment of a radio resource in the D2D communication on the basis of the BSR.
  • a dedicated radio resource is periodically assigned to the D2D communication.
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 and the UE (B) 100 - 2 performing the D2D communication alternately use the periodically assigned radio resource for transmission.
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 and the UE (B) 100 - 2 may perform repetitive transmission in response to an error situation and the like.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining transmission power control and retransmission control in the D2D communication.
  • steps S 41 , S 43 , and S 44 correspond to the D2D communication and step S 42 corresponds to the cellular communication.
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 transmits data 1 to the UE (B) 100 - 2 .
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 transmits TxPower MCE including information on transmission power of the transmission together with the data 1.
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 notifies the UE (B) 100 - 2 of the transmission power.
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 transmits HARQ Ack/Nack MCE including information on HARQ Ack/Nack for data 0, which was received from the UE (B) 100 - 2 in previous time, together with the data 1.
  • the UE (B) 100 - 2 measures received power of the reception. Furthermore, on the basis of the difference between the measured received power and the transmission power indicated by the TxPower MCE transmitted together with the data 1, the UE (B) 100 - 2 determines transmission power when performing next transmission with respect to the UE (A) 100 - 1 . For example, as the difference between the transmission power and the received power of the data 1 from the UE (A) 100 - 1 is large, since propagation loss is large, the UE (B) 100 - 2 determines the transmission power when performing the next transmission with respect to the UE (A) 100 - 1 to be large.
  • each of the UE (A) 100 - 1 and the UE (B) 100 - 2 performs transmission of data to the eNB 200 .
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 and the UE (B) 100 - 2 transmit the BSR MCE at the time of the transmission of the data to the eNB 200 .
  • step S 43 the UE (B) 100 - 2 transmits data 2 to the UE (A) 100 - 1 .
  • the UE (B) 100 - 2 transmits TxPower MCE including information on transmission power of the transmission together with the data 2.
  • the UE (B) 100 - 2 notifies the UE (B) 100 - 2 of the transmission power.
  • the UE (B) 100 - 2 transmits HARQ Ack/Nack MCE including information on HARQ Ack/Nack for the data 1, which was received from the UE (A) 100 - 1 in previous time, together with the data 2.
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 measures received power of the data 2. Furthermore, on the basis of the difference between the measured received power and the transmission power indicated by the TxPower MCE transmitted together with the data 2, the UE (A) 100 - 1 determines transmission power when performing next transmission with respect to the UE (B) 100 - 2 .
  • step S 44 the UE (A) 100 - 1 transmits the data 3 to the UE (B) 100 - 2 .
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 transmits TxPower MCE including information on transmission power of the transmission together with the data 3.
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 transmits HARQ Ack/Nack MCE including information on HARQ Ack/Nack for data 2, which was received from the UE (B) 100 - 2 in previous time, together with the data 3.
  • transmission power in the D2D communication becomes large.
  • the D2D communication is controlled to be stopped and switched to the cellular communication.
  • FIG. 15 is a sequence diagram when the transmission power in the D2D communication exceeds the maximum transmission power.
  • the eNB 200 transmits, on a broadcast channel (BCCH), maximum power information indicating maximum transmission power permitted in the D2D communication. Specifically, the eNB 200 puts the maximum power information into a master information block (MIB) or a system information block (SIB) and transmits the MIB or the SIB.
  • MIB master information block
  • SIB system information block
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 and/or the UE (B) 100 - 2 acquires and stores the maximum power information from the eNB 200 .
  • step S 52 the UE (A) 100 - 1 and the UE (B) 100 - 2 perform the D2D communication.
  • the following description will be given on the assumption that the UE (A) 100 - 1 detects that the transmission power in the D2D communication exceeds the maximum transmission power.
  • step S 53 the UE (A) 100 - 1 notifies the eNB 200 of the fact that the transmission power in the D2D communication exceeds the maximum transmission power. In other words, the UE (A) 100 - 1 requests the eNB 200 to switch the D2D communication to the cellular communication.
  • step S 54 the eNB 200 instructs the UE (A) 100 - 1 and the UE (B) 100 - 2 to switch the D2D communication to the cellular communication, and performs the assignment of a radio resource for the cellular communication.
  • steps S 55 and S 56 the UE (A) 100 - 1 and the UE (B) 100 - 2 switch the D2D communication to the cellular communication.
  • the interference is avoided by changing radio resource assignment.
  • FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 are diagrams for explaining an interference avoidance operation according to the present embodiment.
  • a pair of UE ( 1 A) 100 - 1 and UE ( 1 B) 100 - 2 performs the D2D communication and a pair of UE ( 2 A) 100 - 3 and UE ( 2 B) 100 - 4 also performs the D2D communication.
  • radio resources used in each D2D communication are equal to each other and receive the influence of interference from each other.
  • the UE ( 1 A) 100 - 1 transmits a failure notification related to the reception failure during the D2D communication, to the eNB 200 .
  • the reception failure indicates failure of reception at a reception timing (specifically, it is not possible to decode received data).
  • the failure notification includes the identifier of the UE ( 1 A) 100 - 1 and information indicating that the D2D communication is being performed.
  • the UE (A) 100 - 1 may determine that the other D2D communication pair is an interference source and include information on the other D2D communication pair, in the failure notification.
  • the UE ( 2 A) 100 - 3 also transmits failure notification related to the reception failure during the D2D communication to the eNB 200 .
  • the failure notification includes the identifier of the UE ( 2 A) 100 - 3 and information indicating that the D2D communication is being performed.
  • the UE ( 2 A) 100 - 3 may determine that the other D2D communication pair is an interference source and include information on the other D2D communication pair, in the failure notification.
  • the eNB 200 determines whether each D2D communication pair uses the same radio resource in the D2D communication.
  • the eNB 200 determines that each D2D communication pair receives the influence of interference from each other and changes the assignment of the radio resource of one D2D communication pair. For example, the eNB 200 reassigns a different radio resource to the D2D communication pair including the UE ( 1 A) 100 - 1 and the UE ( 1 B) 100 - 2 . In this way, the interference of the D2D communication is avoided.
  • an entity determining whether the D2D communication is possible is the MME/S-GW 300 .
  • the eNB 200 may determine whether the D2D communication is possible.
  • an entity determining the method of assigning radio resource is the eNB 200 .
  • the MME/S-GW 300 may determine the method of assigning radio resource and notify the eNB 200 of a result of the determination.
  • the aforementioned embodiment has described an example of determining the method of assigning radio resource on the basis of the identifier of an application.
  • an identifier of communication quality that is, QoS
  • QCI QoS Class Identifier
  • the eNB 200 transmits, on the broadcast channel (BCCH), the maximum power information indicating the maximum transmission power permitted in the D2D communication.
  • the maximum power information may be individually transmitted to the UE 100 .
  • the eNB 200 determines the maximum transmission power permitted in the D2D communication in response to propagation loss between the eNB 200 and the UE 100 . For example, as the propagation loss between the eNB 200 and the UE 100 is small, the eNB 200 determines the maximum transmission power permitted in the D2D communication to be small.
  • the present invention is able to appropriately control the D2D communication, and thus is available for a radio communication field such as cellular mobile communication.

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