US20150102783A1 - Method of controlling speed of a variable speed generator - Google Patents

Method of controlling speed of a variable speed generator Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150102783A1
US20150102783A1 US14/578,378 US201414578378A US2015102783A1 US 20150102783 A1 US20150102783 A1 US 20150102783A1 US 201414578378 A US201414578378 A US 201414578378A US 2015102783 A1 US2015102783 A1 US 2015102783A1
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Prior art keywords
variable speed
speed generator
generator
speed
load
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Abandoned
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US14/578,378
Inventor
Isaac S. Frampton
Eric D. Albsmeier
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Kohler Co
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Kohler Co
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Publication date
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Priority to US14/578,378 priority Critical patent/US20150102783A1/en
Assigned to KOHLER CO. reassignment KOHLER CO. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ALBSMEIER, ERIC D., FRAMPTON, ISAAC S.
Publication of US20150102783A1 publication Critical patent/US20150102783A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/04—Control effected upon non-electric prime mover and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/48—Arrangements for obtaining a constant output value at varying speed of the generator, e.g. on vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
    • H02P9/102—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load for limiting effects of transients

Definitions

  • Embodiments pertain to a method of controlling generator speed, and more particularly to a method of controlling speed of a variable speed generator using a measured load of the variable speed generator.
  • Variable speed generators are typically used to provide DC power because the frequency of their AC output varies.
  • a typical variable speed generator requires dynamic adjustments to the speed of the variable speed generator in order to maintain a constant output voltage with corresponding dynamic changes in output power.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a typical prior art control system 100 for a variable speed generator 101 .
  • the speed of variable speed generators is typically controlled based on the output voltage of the variable speed generator.
  • Output voltage has historically been used as the feedback to the speed controller since constant output voltage is desired.
  • Another drawback with adjusting the speed of a variable speed generator based on the output voltage is that it is difficult to limit the load on the variable speed generator to a desired set point. It is typically desirable to limit the load on the variable speed generator to prevent damage to the variable speed generator.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates some characteristics of an example variable speed generator with respect to voltage load and speed.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art control system for a variable speed generator where the speed is controlled based on voltage feedback.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an example control system that controls the speed of a variable speed generator based only on the load provided by the variable speed generator.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another example control system that controls the speed of a variable speed generator based on the load on the variable speed generator and includes a correction based on output voltage of the variable speed generator.
  • the method includes detecting a load L provided by the variable speed generator 1 and determining a target speed S(t) for the variable speed generator 1 based on the load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1 .
  • the method further includes using a controller 2 to adjust the actual speed S(a) of the variable speed generator based on the target speed S(t).
  • detecting a load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1 includes sensing AC current produced by the variable speed generator 1 . In other embodiments, detecting a load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1 includes sensing DC current produced by the variable speed generator 1 .
  • Embodiments are also contemplated where detecting a load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1 includes sensing power produced by the variable speed generator.
  • the controller 2 may be used to detect the load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1 .
  • determining a target speed S(t) for the variable speed generator 1 based supplied by the load L on the variable speed generator 1 includes determining a target speed S(t) from a data table.
  • determining a target speed S(t) from a data table may include performing linear interpolation from a two-point data table (see e.g., data table 4 B in FIG. 1 ).
  • determining a target speed S(t) for the variable speed generator 1 based on the load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1 includes multiplying the load L by a factor F(k) and adding an offset B (see, e.g., FIG. 3 ).
  • Calculating a target speed based on load L allows a quicker, more stable response in speed to changes in load L.
  • This response to changes in load L is relatively quicker and more stable than a closed loop control system which is based on measured voltage.
  • the method may further include correcting the target speed S(t) to create a corrected target speed S(c).
  • the corrected target speed S(c) is calculated by scaling the target speed S(t) by the correction factor C(f).
  • the correction factor C(f) is calculated using voltage correction controller 5 .
  • the voltage correction controller 5 adjusts the correction factor C(f) based on a voltage error V(e), which is the difference between a target voltage V(t) and an output voltage V(o) produced by the variable speed generator 1 . It should be noted that embodiments are contemplated where the target voltage V(t) is adjustable.
  • the voltage correction controller 5 includes a proportional-derivative controller that adjusts the correction factor C(f) based on the voltage error V(e).
  • determining a target speed S(t) for the variable speed generator 1 based on the load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1 includes increasing the target speed S(t) with increasing load until the load exceeds a predetermined level. It should be noted that embodiments are contemplated where the predetermined level is adjustable. This embodiment provides an example of controlling the output voltage V(o) of the variable speed generator 1 .
  • determining a target speed S(t) for the variable speed generator 1 based on the load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1 may include decreasing the target speed S(t) when the load L exceeds a predetermined level. It should be noted that embodiments are contemplated where the predetermined level is adjustable. This embodiment provides an example of controlling the load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1 .
  • the method of controlling speed of a variable speed generator using a measured load supplied by the variable speed generator described herein may provide improved response to changing loads on a variable speed generator.
  • the methods may provide improved load limiting control on a variable speed generator.

Abstract

Some embodiments relate to a method of controlling speed of a variable speed generator. The method includes detecting a load of the variable speed generator and determining a target speed for the variable speed generator based on the load supplied by the variable speed generator. The method further includes using a controller to adjust the speed of the variable speed generator based on the target speed. The method may further include correcting the target speed by calculating a correction factor that corrects the target speed based on a voltage produced by the variable speed generator.

Description

    CLAIM OF PRIORITY
  • This application is a continuation of and claims the benefit of priority of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/450,770, entitled “METHOD OF CONTROLLING SPEED OF A VARIABLE SPEED GENERATOR,” filed on Apr. 19, 2012, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
    • TECHNICAL FIELD
  • Embodiments pertain to a method of controlling generator speed, and more particularly to a method of controlling speed of a variable speed generator using a measured load of the variable speed generator.
    • BACKGROUND
  • Variable speed generators are typically used to provide DC power because the frequency of their AC output varies. A typical variable speed generator requires dynamic adjustments to the speed of the variable speed generator in order to maintain a constant output voltage with corresponding dynamic changes in output power.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a typical prior art control system 100 for a variable speed generator 101. The speed of variable speed generators is typically controlled based on the output voltage of the variable speed generator. Output voltage has historically been used as the feedback to the speed controller since constant output voltage is desired.
  • One of the drawbacks with adjusting the speed of a variable speed generator based on the output voltage is that existing systems correct the speed more slowly than desired in order to maintain stability. Stability is sometimes difficult to maintain on a variable speed generator because the actual speed of the variable speed generator lags the target speed of the variable speed generator resulting in a slower, more lethargic system.
  • Another drawback with adjusting the speed of a variable speed generator based on the output voltage is that it is difficult to limit the load on the variable speed generator to a desired set point. It is typically desirable to limit the load on the variable speed generator to prevent damage to the variable speed generator.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 illustrates some characteristics of an example variable speed generator with respect to voltage load and speed.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art control system for a variable speed generator where the speed is controlled based on voltage feedback.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an example control system that controls the speed of a variable speed generator based only on the load provided by the variable speed generator.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another example control system that controls the speed of a variable speed generator based on the load on the variable speed generator and includes a correction based on output voltage of the variable speed generator.
    •  DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • The following description and the drawings sufficiently illustrate specific embodiments to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Other embodiments may incorporate structural, logical, electrical, process, and other changes. Portions and features of some embodiments may be included in, or substituted for, those of other embodiments. Embodiments set forth in the claims encompass all available equivalents of those claims.
  • An example method of controlling speed of a variable speed generator 1 will now be described with reference to FIG. 3. The method includes detecting a load L provided by the variable speed generator 1 and determining a target speed S(t) for the variable speed generator 1 based on the load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1. The method further includes using a controller 2 to adjust the actual speed S(a) of the variable speed generator based on the target speed S(t).
  • In some embodiments, detecting a load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1 includes sensing AC current produced by the variable speed generator 1. In other embodiments, detecting a load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1 includes sensing DC current produced by the variable speed generator 1.
  • Embodiments are also contemplated where detecting a load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1 includes sensing power produced by the variable speed generator. In addition, it should be noted that the controller 2 may be used to detect the load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1.
  • In some embodiments, determining a target speed S(t) for the variable speed generator 1 based supplied by the load L on the variable speed generator 1 includes determining a target speed S(t) from a data table. As an example, determining a target speed S(t) from a data table may include performing linear interpolation from a two-point data table (see e.g., data table 4B in FIG. 1). Embodiments are also contemplated where determining a target speed S(t) for the variable speed generator 1 based on the load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1 includes multiplying the load L by a factor F(k) and adding an offset B (see, e.g., FIG. 3).
  • Calculating a target speed based on load L allows a quicker, more stable response in speed to changes in load L. This response to changes in load L is relatively quicker and more stable than a closed loop control system which is based on measured voltage.
  • In the example embodiment that is illustrated in FIG. 4, the method may further include correcting the target speed S(t) to create a corrected target speed S(c). In some embodiments, the corrected target speed S(c) is calculated by scaling the target speed S(t) by the correction factor C(f).
  • In the example embodiment that is illustrated in FIG. 4, the correction factor C(f) is calculated using voltage correction controller 5. The voltage correction controller 5 adjusts the correction factor C(f) based on a voltage error V(e), which is the difference between a target voltage V(t) and an output voltage V(o) produced by the variable speed generator 1. It should be noted that embodiments are contemplated where the target voltage V(t) is adjustable. In some embodiments, the voltage correction controller 5 includes a proportional-derivative controller that adjusts the correction factor C(f) based on the voltage error V(e).
  • In some embodiments, determining a target speed S(t) for the variable speed generator 1 based on the load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1 includes increasing the target speed S(t) with increasing load until the load exceeds a predetermined level. It should be noted that embodiments are contemplated where the predetermined level is adjustable. This embodiment provides an example of controlling the output voltage V(o) of the variable speed generator 1.
  • In other embodiments, determining a target speed S(t) for the variable speed generator 1 based on the load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1 may include decreasing the target speed S(t) when the load L exceeds a predetermined level. It should be noted that embodiments are contemplated where the predetermined level is adjustable. This embodiment provides an example of controlling the load L supplied by the variable speed generator 1.
  • The method of controlling speed of a variable speed generator using a measured load supplied by the variable speed generator described herein may provide improved response to changing loads on a variable speed generator. In addition, the methods may provide improved load limiting control on a variable speed generator.
  • The Abstract is provided to comply with 37 C.F.R. Section 1.72(b) requiring an abstract that will allow the reader to ascertain the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to limit or interpret the scope or meaning of the claims. The following claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment.

Claims (21)

1. A method of controlling speed of a variable speed generator comprising:
detecting a load supplied by the variable speed generator, wherein the variable speed generator is configured to supply power over a range of operating speeds depending on the load;
determining a target speed for the variable speed generator based on the load supplied by the variable speed generator; and
using a controller to adjust the speed of the variable speed generator based on the target speed.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting a load supplied by the variable speed generator includes sensing AC current produced by the variable speed generator.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting a load supplied by the variable speed generator includes sensing DC current produced by the variable speed generator.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting a load supplied by the variable speed generator includes sensing power produced by the variable speed generator.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting a load supplied by the variable speed generator includes using the speed-controller to detect the load on the variable speed generator.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a target speed for the variable speed generator based on the load supplied by the variable speed generator includes determining a target speed from a data table.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein determining a target speed from a data table includes performing linear interpolation from a two-point data table.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a target speed for the variable speed generator based on the load supplied by the variable speed generator includes multiplying the load by a factor and adding an offset.
9-12. (canceled)
13. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a target speed for the variable speed generator based on the load supplied by the variable speed generator includes increasing the target speed with increasing load until the load exceeds a predetermined level.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein increasing the target speed with increasing load until the load exceeds a predetermined level includes adjusting the predetermined level.
15. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a target speed for the variable speed generator based on the load supplied by the variable speed generator includes decreasing the target speed when the load exceeds a predetermined level.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein decreasing the target speed when the load exceeds a predetermined level includes adjusting the predetermined level.
17. A power generation system comprising:
a variable speed generator that operates at different speeds and is configured to provide power to a load, wherein the variable speed generator is configured to supply power over a range of operating speeds depending on the load;
a controller that detects the load supplied with power by the variable speed generator, wherein the controller determines a target speed for the variable speed generator based on the load supplied with power by the variable speed generator, and
wherein the controller adjusts the speed of the variable speed generator based on the determined target speed of the variable speed generator.
18. The power generation system of claim 17, wherein the controller senses power produced by the variable speed generator to detect the load supplied by the variable speed generator.
19. The power generation system of claim 17, wherein the controller corrects the determined target speed.
20. The power generation system of claim 19, wherein the controller corrects the target speed by calculating a correction factor that corrects the target speed based on a voltage produced by the variable speed generator.
21. A method of controlling speed of a variable speed generator comprising:
detecting a load supplied by the variable speed generator;
determining a target speed for the variable speed generator based on the load supplied by the variable speed generator;
using a controller to adjust the speed of the variable speed generator based on the target speed; and
correcting the target speed to an appropriate operating speed within a range of potential operating speed based on an output of the variable speed generator.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein correcting the target speed to an appropriate operating speed includes correcting the target speed based on a voltage produced by the variable speed generator.
23. The method of claim 21, wherein correcting the target speed to an appropriate operating speed includes correcting the target speed based on the load supplied by the variable speed generator.
24. The method of claim 21, wherein correcting the target speed includes using a proportional-derivative controller to correct the target speed.
US14/578,378 2012-04-19 2014-12-20 Method of controlling speed of a variable speed generator Abandoned US20150102783A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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US13/450,770 US8963508B2 (en) 2012-04-19 2012-04-19 Method of controlling speed of a variable speed generator
US14/578,378 US20150102783A1 (en) 2012-04-19 2014-12-20 Method of controlling speed of a variable speed generator

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US13/450,770 Continuation US8963508B2 (en) 2012-04-19 2012-04-19 Method of controlling speed of a variable speed generator

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US9568897B2 (en) * 2014-01-02 2017-02-14 General Electric Company Controller system for variable parameter and related program product
US10273876B2 (en) 2015-06-08 2019-04-30 Kohler Co. Dual axis alternator

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EP2654198A2 (en) 2013-10-23
CN103378785A (en) 2013-10-30
EP2654198A3 (en) 2018-01-17
IN2013MU01453A (en) 2015-04-17
US8963508B2 (en) 2015-02-24
US20130278228A1 (en) 2013-10-24
CN103378785B (en) 2017-03-22

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