US20140379265A1 - Real-time method for determining the porosity and water saturation of an underground formation using gas and mud logging data - Google Patents
Real-time method for determining the porosity and water saturation of an underground formation using gas and mud logging data Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20140379265A1 US20140379265A1 US14/353,773 US201114353773A US2014379265A1 US 20140379265 A1 US20140379265 A1 US 20140379265A1 US 201114353773 A US201114353773 A US 201114353773A US 2014379265 A1 US2014379265 A1 US 2014379265A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- porosity
- phi
- drilling
- data
- log
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 46
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 34
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 methane (C1) Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
- G01V1/44—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging using generators and receivers in the same well
- G01V1/48—Processing data
- G01V1/50—Analysing data
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/003—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by analysing drilling variables or conditions
Definitions
- the present invention refers to the field of determining the fluid content of underground earth formations. More specifically, the invention is related to a method and a computer program product for determining the porosity (PHI) and water saturation (Sw) of an underground formation while drilling a borehole using gas and mud logging data.
- PHI porosity
- Sw water saturation
- the fractional volume of pore occupied by water (herein referred as “water saturation” and represented by Sw), is a key data in the early formation evaluation and fluid characterization. It is assumed that the non-water occupied pore space contains oil and/or gas.
- a, n and m are empirically determined factors which relate the porosity to the resistivity of the porous rock formation when it is completely water-saturated.
- E-logs themselves can be indicative of the lithology porosity and water saturation. Thus, E-logs are used, after drilling, to determine whether a formation is porous and has hydrocarbon.
- mud logging is a mobile laboratory provided, by the mud logging company, located near the drilling rig to follow, control and record all the drilling and geological information. Mud logging includes observation and microscopic examination of drill cuttings (formation rock chips), and evaluation of gas hydrocarbon and its constituents, basic chemical and mechanical parameters of drilling fluid or drilling mud (such as chlorides and temperature), as well as compiling other information about the drilling parameters. Then data is plotted on a graphic log called a mud log.
- ROP Rate of Penetration
- WOB Weight on Bit
- RPM Strokes Per Minute
- Mud Volumes Mud Weight and Mud Viscosity.
- C1 methane
- C2 ethane
- ppm parts per million
- the invention disclosed herein relates to a method for using gas and mud logging data obtained while drilling in a quantitative way to determine the saturation of water in the formation and its porosity.
- a method is provided for determining water saturation (Sw_Gas) and porosity (cp. “PHI” is termed as porosity in general, and when it is derived by using the methodology described in the present invention in case of Elogs, from a reference well, are available is termed as PHI_LOG; when no E-logs from a reference well are available is termed as PHI_ML) of an underground formation while drilling a borehole from gas and mud logging data which are obtained while drilling.
- a first aspect of the present invention relates to a method of determining the porosity (PHI_ML and/or PHI_LOG) and water saturation (Sw_Gas) of an underground formation while drilling a borehole, which comprises:
- Another aspect of the invention relates to a computer program product comprising program instructions for causing a computer to perform the method of determining the porosity and water saturation while drilling as defined above.
- Said computer program may be embodied on storing means (for example, on a record medium, on a computer memory or on a read-only memory) or carried on a carrier signal to be, for example, downloaded from a computer or sent by an email (for example, on an electrical or optical carrier signal).
- Another aspect of the invention relates to a system of determining the porosity (PHI) and water saturation (Sw) of an underground formation while drilling a borehole, the system characterized in that comprises computing means for calculating the Perforability Index (PI) as the inverse of the Rate of Penetration (ROP) normalized which is solved as the mathematical correction of the mud logging parameters obtained while drilling that affect the ROP, using the mud logging data Rate of Penetration (ROP), Revolution per Minute (RPM), and Weight on Bit (WOB) obtained while drilling; computing means for normalizing the methane (C1) data as a mathematical correction for variation in drilling parameters; computing means for plotting the C1 normalized data versus Perforability Index in a double logarithmic plot (log log cross plot); and the PI versus depth in linear scale; computing means for using the plots above to determine the Gw baseline representing the 100% Sw and the PI baseline in shale or zone with 0% porosity; and computing means for determining the porosity and water saturation using the
- this aspect of the invention can be formulated as a system of determining the porosity (PHI) and water saturation (Sw) of an underground formation while drilling a borehole, the system comprising a memory and a processor, embodying instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor, the instructions comprising functionality to:
- the described system can be a part (for example, hardware in the form of a PCI card) of a computer system (for example a personal computer).
- the system can be an external hardware connected to the computer system by appropriate means.
- FIG. 1 C1 normalised versus Depth. This plot shows the evolution of methane with depth.
- FIG. 2 C1 normalised versus resistivity.
- FIG. 3 Perforability Index (PI) versus Depth.
- FIG. 4 B&T plot: PI versus C1 normalised. Consists of a double logarithmic plot (log log cross plot) of a C1 normalised (in ppm) on the Y axis versus a Perforability Index on the X axis.
- FIG. 5 PHI_ML determination plot: PI versus Depth with PI 0line .
- FIG. 6 PHINDX by Density/Neutron versus Perforability Index (PI) with RMA line (Reduced Major Axis).
- RMA line is defined as line-fit gives an equation that is midway between linear and polynomial regression method. RMA provides a plausible line-fit when standard regression methods may not.
- FIG. 7 Comparison of Sw and porosity derived by the method of the invention versus E-log derived Sw and PHI for the whole well.
- Mud Logging (as per the acronym in English “Mud Logging”, ML): is a mobile laboratory situated, by the mud logging company, near the drilling rig to follow, control and record all the drilling and geological information.
- Rotary Speed (as per the acronym in English “Rotary Speed”, RPM): is defined as the rate at which the bit is rotated during drilling operations and it is measured in revolutions per minute (rpm).
- Weight on Bit (as per the acronym in English “Weight on Bit”, WOB): is the amount of downward force (at bit) exerted on the drill bit and is normally measured in thousands of pounds or thousands of kilograms.
- Rate of Penetration is the speed at which a drill bit breaks the rock under it to deepen the borehole. Also known as penetration rate or drill rate. It is normally measured in feet per minute or meters per hour, but sometimes it is expressed in minutes per foot.
- Flow in (FLOW) is the amount of the mud pumped in the well. It is normally measured in gpm (gallon per minute) or liter per minute.
- Bit Size (as per the acronym in English “Bit Size”, BS): the hole diameter.
- Drilling Exponent (Dex) is a method of normalizing the ROP for change in WOB, RPM and Hole Size.
- Gas Normalised is the mathematical treatment of the parameters affecting the gas shows (mainly FLOW, ROP, BS).
- Methane (C1) It is the simplest alkane, and the principal component of natural gas.
- Gas Show is a gas reading that varies in magnitude or composition in front of possible hydrocarbon zone.
- Gamma Ray (as per the acronym in English “Gamma Ray”, GR): Gamma ray logging is a method of measuring naturally occurring of gamma radiation to characterize the rock or sediment in a borehole.
- MWD (as per the acronym in English “Measurement While Drilling”) stands for Measurement While Drilling in the oil industry. Is a system developed to perform drilling related measurements downhole and transmit information to the surface while drilling a well. MWD tools are conveyed downhole as part of bottom hole assembly (as per the acronym in English “Bottom Hole Assembly”, BHA). The tools are either contained inside a drill collar (sonde type) or are built into the collars themselves.
- Logging While Drilling (as per the acronym in English “Logging While Drilling”, LWD): is a technique of conveying well logging tools into the well borehole downhole as part of the bottom hole assembly (BHA).
- GWD (as per the acronym in English “Gas While Drilling”) stands for Gas While Drilling in the Oil industry. It is a methodology to interpret the gas data in terms of fluid characterization.
- WLFT (as per the acronym in English “Wire Line Formation Tester”, WLFT) stands for Wire Line Formation tester, which measures formation pressure and it obtains fluid samples after drilling the well.
- WL bottom hole sample is a fluid sample obtained by WLFT.
- DST Drill Steam Test
- WL (as per the acronym in English “Wire Line”): stands for Wire line. It is a practice of making a detailed record of the geologic formations penetrated by a borehole.
- OWC Oil Water Contact
- PHINDX or PHI Density/Neutron: Porosity derived by Density/Neutron log recorded by wireline tool.
- Reduced Major Axis (as per the acronym in English “Reduced Major Axis”, RMA).
- RMA line is defined as line-fit gives an equation that is midway between linear and polynomial regression method. RMA provides a plausible line-fit when standard regression methods may not.
- Porosity It is the void space in the rock which contains fluids. It is measured in terms of volume of void space to the total volume of rock. In the described methodology it is expressed as per unit. Hence, if a rock has PHI value of 0.2 means it has 20% of free space to hold the fluid.
- Water saturation (Sw) of the rock is the fractional volume of pore occupied by water. In the described methodology it is expressed as per unit. Hence, in case of a rock is having 0.3 Sw value then it means that 30% of its pore space (PHI) is occupied by the water and remaining 70% is occupied by the hydrocabon.
- PHI pore space
- a minimum data set of resistivity, porosity logs and GR are needed for a formation evaluation in wire line environment. Nevertheless, according to the method of the present invention which uses gas and mud logging data, these direct physical measurements have been replaced by drilling and gas data, particularly Methane (C1) and ROP (Rate Of Penetration).
- C1 Methane
- ROP Rate Of Penetration
- Methane (C1) has been selected as a substitute for the resistivity curve, and a function of the normalized ROP as replacement for the porosity logs.
- the GR necessary as lithology discriminator, is normally recorded while drilling. If no GR is available, the description of cuttings can be used as lithology indicator.
- high gas shows correspond the presence of hydrocarbons (high or higher resistivity respect to the formation water) and low gas shows are recorded mainly in presence of water bearing or a shaly zone, which are characterized by low resistivity.
- the method of the present invention uses the inverse of the Rate of Penetration (ROP) normalized obtained while drilling, which we call Perforability Index (PI), as porosity indicator.
- ROI Rate of Penetration
- PI Perforability Index
- variations in Rate of Penetration (ROP) are generally linked to porosity and lithology.
- Low ROP in particular are normally recorded in tight lithologies (low porosity), while high ROP is generally registered in presence of porous zones.
- Methane (C1) is normally recorded in:
- the calculation of the Sw, by gas, according to the method of the present invention can be carried out without “calibration or reference wells” and or existing interpretative models.
- the Perforability Index (PI) is calculated from the equation 1 (Eq. 1):
- Normalization of C1 is the mathematical correction of the parameters that affect gas shows, such as ROP, FLOW and BS, and it is the only technique capable to analyze and correlate gas data from different drilling phase and different wells.
- the step of normalization the C1 data is calculated from the equation 2 (Eq. 2):
- the equation 2 take into consideration only the surface drilling parameters obtained while drilling.
- Step III of the method consists of plotting the C1 normalized versus PI in a double logarithmic plot (log log cross plot) (see FIG. 4 ).
- the plot is named BT (Beda & Tiwary) and consists of a double logarithmic plot of a C1 (in ppm) on the Y axis versus a Perforability Index on the X axis.
- the plot is used to derive the Gw baseline representing the 100% Sw.
- FIG. 4 two cluster of points are seen.
- the cluster 1 (cluster1— FIG. 4 ) having lower value of C1 is for the water bearing and shaly formation while the cluster 2 (cluster2— FIG.
- the Gw line is traced as a linear line passing through the uppermost part of the cluster 1.
- the Gw line represent a schematic division of the above plot in two parts. The points below the Gw line are considered as 100% saturated with water. But the points above the Gw line are having water saturation less than 100% depending upon their position away from GW line, meaning having hydrocarbon saturation.
- the Gw baseline is a linear line passing throught the topmost data points of shale and water zone on the double logarithmic plot of the C1 normalized data versus Perforability Index (PI).
- the water/shaly zone are defined by the Gw baseline. Points below the Gw line will have 100% Sw while points above the baseline should have lower Sw.
- the baseline must be traced on the uppermost points cloud below the spread points in the upper part of the plot.
- the slope of the baseline is driven by the points on the right of the plot with high PI and low normalized C1 values. All the points above this line (high C1 values) will have a Sw less then 100%.
- the determination of the water saturation (Sw_Gas) using the, Gw baseline step comprises solving the equation 3 (Eq. 3)
- Gh is the normalised value of C1 (ppm) at each depth point of the borehole. On Gw line the value of Gw is equal to Gh.
- the mud logging data recorded at surface are essentially dependent on the lithology and porosity. While drilling, the lithology is known by cuttings, GR/MWD or by reference wells, and the main unknown variable remains the porosity. This approximation, without significant variations in the reservoir properties, allows predicting the magnitude of the porosity.
- the objective is to have a porosity profile, in real time, which is comparable in terms of trend and magnitude to the porosity derived by E-logs, for better understanding of the reservoir property, anticipation of net pay and streamlining the logging and testing acquisition.
- the porosity (PHI_Log) is calculated by derivation of the relationship between porosity ( ⁇ , “PHI”) and Perforability Index (PI) plotting in linear scale the PI (on the X axis) versus Total Porosity (on the Y axis) obtained from E-log data in the calibration well.
- the calculation of the PHI_Log is obtained using the RMA line and the RMA regression formula derived by plotting, the PI versus the Total Porosity obtained from Density/Neutron Log (PHINDX) on a linear scale of the reference well.
- PHI_Log is calculated using the RMA regression formula derived by the plot defined above
- the porosity in the reservoir shows several and large changes which are difficult to be estimated by this methodology. Although no precise prediction of the porosity is obtained, the average estimation must be considered good. The trend and magnitude of the predicted porosity are in line (standard error+/ ⁇ 10%) with the log derived porosity.
- the porosity (PHI_ML) can be calculated using the linear plot of PI versus depth to define a PI baseline (PI 0line ) in shale or zone with 0% porosity and derive the PHI_ML solving the equation 4 (Eq. 4)
- the embodiments of the invention comprise processes performed in computer apparatus, the invention also extends to computer apparatus and to computer programs, particularly computer programs on or in a carrier, adapted for putting the invention into practice.
- a computer program product comprising program instructions for causing a computer to perform the method of determining the porosity (PHI) and water saturation (Sw) of an underground formation while drilling a borehole as defined above
- the program may be in the form of source code, object code, a code intermediate source and object code such as in partially compiled form, or in any other form suitable for use in the implementation of the processes according to the invention.
- the computer program product is embodied on a storage medium.
- the computer program product is carried on a carrier signal.
- the carrier may be any entity or device capable of carrying the program.
- the carrier may comprise a storage medium, such as a ROM, for example a CD ROM or a semiconductor ROM, or a magnetic recording medium, for example a floppy disc or hard disk.
- a storage medium such as a ROM, for example a CD ROM or a semiconductor ROM, or a magnetic recording medium, for example a floppy disc or hard disk.
- the carrier may be a transmissible carrier such as an electrical or optical signal, which may be conveyed via electrical or optical cable or by radio or other means.
- the carrier may be constituted by such cable or other device or means.
- the carrier may be an integrated circuit in which the program is embedded, the integrated circuit being adapted for performing, or for use in the performance of, the relevant process.
- the methodology of the present invention works while drilling exploratory wells, and it is more effective and reliable for appraisal/development wells.
- the measurement of porosity and water saturation obtained while drilling by the method described above allows to infer the volume of hydrocarbon, i.e. the total volume of oil and/or gas contained in a given reservoir, and reducing the uncertaininity inherent to petrophysical interpretation of E-logs.
- T is the Total amount of hydrocarbon
- Sw and PHI are the water saturation and porosity taken over the entire reservoir
- Vt is the total volume of the reservoir.
- the innovative methodologies of the present invention permit an early evaluation of the potential hydrocarbon intervals and estimation of Sw and total porosity. Thus, this method will allow preliminary well-site reservoir evaluation.
- the techniques of the present invention are applicable to both exploratory and development wells.
- the real time water saturation (Sw_Gas) and porosity (PHI_ML) estimation method of the present invention will help in resolving the ambiguity of the petrophysical interpretation in situation of low resistivity, low contrast formation and in shaly sequence. Thus, it is a useful tool in selecting appropriate logging suite.
- the methodology is a reliable and effective tool for a formation evaluation at no cost.
- the trends and magnitude of the main derived parameters derived are in line +/ ⁇ 10%, with E-logs results.
- the case study presented herein correspond to well located in offshore, shallow water environment.
- the sedimentology sequence consists of Upper Cretaceous carbonate deposits.
- the well used in this study was drilled with synthetic oil base mud, in a hydrostatic pressure regime and in a Shaly-Sand sequence. All the inventions which have been mentioned in this document have been applied in realtime during the drilling operation using Mud log and gas data and porosity (PHI_ML) and water saturation (SW _GAS) were calculated. These results were matched by the water saturation and porosity calculated by petrophysical analysis of the wireline logs recorded after end of the drilling operation.
- PHI_LOG was calculated by calibrating PI with porosity (PHNDX) derived by petrophysical analysis of wireline log.
- the calibration was done drawing the RMA line and finding the equation between PI and porosity derived by petrophysical analysis of wireline log. Once the equation is known then porosity can be predicted using PI in realtime drilling (as PI is available during realtime drilling operation).
- the first step of the process is the validation of the data sets by performing a severe quality control using the well known GWD approach and the QC methodology performed by the Service Co.
- useful plots must be prepared in advance to prove the repeatability and reliability of the data.
- the plot shows the good match between Methane (C1) versus Resistivity.
- the good relationship between resistivity and C1 confirms that the use of C1 to replace the resistivity curve for the formation evaluation by gas permits the prediction of the main reservoir parameters (Sw and PHI).
- PI Perforability Index
- the well has encountered a thick section of hydrocarbon bearing formation.
- the presence of hydrocarbon is proved by retrieving the hydrocarbon sample from various depth of the well in WLFT and has produced hydrocarbon on well testing. ( FIG. 1 ).
- the Gw line was traced as a linear line passing through the uppermost part of the cluster 1.
- the GW line represent a schematic division of the above plot in two parts. The points below the GW line are considered as 100% saturated with water . But the points above the GW line are having water saturation less than 100% depending upon their position away from GW line, meaning having hydrocarbon saturation.
- the equation of this Gw baseline is:
- Gw line 10 ⁇ (2.486294 ⁇ 2.379028*Log(PI)).
- the points below the Gw line as shown in FIG. 4 are the gas measurements related to C1 value from shale and water bearing reservoirs, while the points above the Gw line, having high values of C1, are related to the hydrocarbon zones.
- the further step is to simply apply the equation 3 (BT equation) to calculate the Sw_Gas.
- the second reservoir parameter derived by the invention is Porosity.
- a first porosity curve is derived without the use of a calibration well by applying the equation 4 (Eq. 4).
- the vital parameter for the equation 4 is PI 0line which is obtained by using the crossplot of Depth on X axis and PI on Y axis, both on linear scale (see FIG. 5 ).
- the base line PI 0line is traced by passing a linear line through the cluster of points having lowest values of PI on the PI versus depth plot
- the equation for this line, PI 0line for the well discussed in this example is as follows.
- Another method for obtaining porosity curve is to use a well log data for calibration. This method can only be used when well log porosity curves are present in the well. Once the PHI_LOG is derived by calibration then it can be used in realtime with the same calibration coefficient for the futures wells in the basin.
- the plot in FIG. 6 is a crossplot of PI on X axis and porosity by Density/Neutron on Y axis, both in linear scale.
- the plot shows the relation between the PI and the porosity by Density/Neutron (recorded by wireline log at the end of drilling phase).
- the RMA regression line is drawn between the two variable as shown in the FIG. 6
- the PHI_LOG can be obtained for any well lying in the same basin.
- FIG. 7 shows the comparison between the derived parameters (Sw_Gas, PHI_ML & PHI _LOG) by the methodology of the invention in realtime and the same parameters derived by the petrophysical analysis of the wireline log recorded at the end of the drilling phase.
- Sw_Gas and Sw_Elog are plotted together. The two curves follow each other in trend and magnitude. The small difference between the two values are within the tolerance limit of + ⁇ 10%.
- the track 2 shows the curves PHI_LOG and PHINDX (Porosity derived by Density/Neutron log). The two curves again follow each other in trend and magnitude.
- the track 3 shows the curves PHI_ML plotted along with PHINDX.
- the PHI_ML is able to replicate the behaviour of PHINDX both in trend and magnitude.
- the PHI_ML being derived without any calibration well may not have good correlation with the PHINDX, but it gives the approximate porosity profile close to the PHINDX, which is essential parameter for assessing the reservoir quality during drilling operation.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2011/070734 WO2013060903A1 (es) | 2011-10-24 | 2011-10-24 | Método para determinar en tiempo real la porosidad y la saturación de agua de una formación subterránea usando datos de registro de gas y de perforación |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20140379265A1 true US20140379265A1 (en) | 2014-12-25 |
Family
ID=45446069
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/353,773 Abandoned US20140379265A1 (en) | 2011-10-24 | 2011-10-24 | Real-time method for determining the porosity and water saturation of an underground formation using gas and mud logging data |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140379265A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2772775A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2011379934A1 (de) |
BR (1) | BR112014009813A2 (de) |
MX (1) | MX2014004885A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2013060903A1 (de) |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017156120A1 (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2017-09-14 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Estimation of formation properties based on borehole fluid and drilling logs |
CN108876898A (zh) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-11-23 | 清能艾科(深圳)能源技术有限公司 | 实现原油饱和度预测的方法和装置、机器设备 |
CN110656934A (zh) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-01-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种致密砂岩储层去压实地层对比方法 |
US10802177B2 (en) | 2017-10-16 | 2020-10-13 | Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc | Evaluating hydrocarbon reserves using tool response models |
US11162356B2 (en) | 2019-02-05 | 2021-11-02 | Motive Drilling Technologies, Inc. | Downhole display |
CN113719280A (zh) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-11-30 | 陕西能源职业技术学院 | 一种低阻气层测井识别方法 |
US20220268152A1 (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2022-08-25 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Petro-physical property prediction |
US20220307364A1 (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-09-29 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Drilling System with Gas Detection System for use in Drilling a Well |
US11492900B2 (en) | 2018-06-12 | 2022-11-08 | Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc | Gas ratio volumetrics for reservoir navigation |
US11694095B2 (en) | 2017-05-08 | 2023-07-04 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Integrating geoscience data to predict formation properties |
CN117266843A (zh) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-12-22 | 广东海洋大学 | 油藏水淹层识别方法、系统、装置及存储介质 |
US11920441B2 (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2024-03-05 | Magnetic Variation Services, Llc | Steering a wellbore using stratigraphic misfit heat maps |
US11946360B2 (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2024-04-02 | Magnetic Variation Services, Llc | Determining the likelihood and uncertainty of the wellbore being at a particular stratigraphic vertical depth |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112213770B (zh) * | 2019-07-09 | 2023-11-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 基于对数域差异分布特征识别储层含烃砂岩的方法及装置 |
US11512580B2 (en) | 2020-05-11 | 2022-11-29 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Real-time estimation of reservoir porosity from mud gas data |
US11867604B2 (en) | 2020-05-11 | 2024-01-09 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Real-time estimation of formation hydrocarbon mobility from mud gas data |
US11668847B2 (en) | 2021-01-04 | 2023-06-06 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Generating synthetic geological formation images based on rock fragment images |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4949575A (en) * | 1988-04-29 | 1990-08-21 | Anadrill, Inc. | Formation volumetric evaluation while drilling |
US4961343A (en) * | 1986-01-13 | 1990-10-09 | Idl, Inc. | Method for determining permeability in hydrocarbon wells |
US20100283459A1 (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2010-11-11 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method and Apparatus for NMR Measurements in Underbalanced Drilling |
-
2011
- 2011-10-24 WO PCT/ES2011/070734 patent/WO2013060903A1/es active Application Filing
- 2011-10-24 BR BR112014009813A patent/BR112014009813A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-10-24 US US14/353,773 patent/US20140379265A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-10-24 AU AU2011379934A patent/AU2011379934A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-10-24 EP EP11805066.5A patent/EP2772775A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-10-24 MX MX2014004885A patent/MX2014004885A/es active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4961343A (en) * | 1986-01-13 | 1990-10-09 | Idl, Inc. | Method for determining permeability in hydrocarbon wells |
US4949575A (en) * | 1988-04-29 | 1990-08-21 | Anadrill, Inc. | Formation volumetric evaluation while drilling |
US20100283459A1 (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2010-11-11 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method and Apparatus for NMR Measurements in Underbalanced Drilling |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
G. Beda, D.Tiwary; "An innovative approach for estimating the Sw and Porosity using Gas and Mud Loggin data in Real Time"; 14 Pages. Posted October 31, 2011 * |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108713089A (zh) * | 2016-03-11 | 2018-10-26 | 通用电气(Ge)贝克休斯有限责任公司 | 基于钻孔流体和钻探录井估计地层性质 |
US10370964B2 (en) | 2016-03-11 | 2019-08-06 | Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc | Estimation of formation properties based on borehole fluid and drilling logs |
WO2017156120A1 (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2017-09-14 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Estimation of formation properties based on borehole fluid and drilling logs |
US11694095B2 (en) | 2017-05-08 | 2023-07-04 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Integrating geoscience data to predict formation properties |
US10802177B2 (en) | 2017-10-16 | 2020-10-13 | Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc | Evaluating hydrocarbon reserves using tool response models |
CN108876898A (zh) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-11-23 | 清能艾科(深圳)能源技术有限公司 | 实现原油饱和度预测的方法和装置、机器设备 |
US11492900B2 (en) | 2018-06-12 | 2022-11-08 | Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc | Gas ratio volumetrics for reservoir navigation |
US11162356B2 (en) | 2019-02-05 | 2021-11-02 | Motive Drilling Technologies, Inc. | Downhole display |
US12006818B2 (en) | 2019-02-05 | 2024-06-11 | Motive Drilling Technologies, Inc. | Downhole display |
US11920441B2 (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2024-03-05 | Magnetic Variation Services, Llc | Steering a wellbore using stratigraphic misfit heat maps |
US11946360B2 (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2024-04-02 | Magnetic Variation Services, Llc | Determining the likelihood and uncertainty of the wellbore being at a particular stratigraphic vertical depth |
CN110656934A (zh) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-01-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种致密砂岩储层去压实地层对比方法 |
US20220268152A1 (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2022-08-25 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Petro-physical property prediction |
US20220307364A1 (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-09-29 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Drilling System with Gas Detection System for use in Drilling a Well |
CN113719280A (zh) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-11-30 | 陕西能源职业技术学院 | 一种低阻气层测井识别方法 |
CN117266843A (zh) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-12-22 | 广东海洋大学 | 油藏水淹层识别方法、系统、装置及存储介质 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR112014009813A2 (pt) | 2017-04-18 |
EP2772775A1 (de) | 2014-09-03 |
WO2013060903A1 (es) | 2013-05-02 |
MX2014004885A (es) | 2014-10-17 |
AU2011379934A1 (en) | 2014-06-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20140379265A1 (en) | Real-time method for determining the porosity and water saturation of an underground formation using gas and mud logging data | |
US10370964B2 (en) | Estimation of formation properties based on borehole fluid and drilling logs | |
US11313224B2 (en) | Thermal maturity determination of rock formations using mud gas isotope logging | |
US10698131B2 (en) | Methods for improving matrix density and porosity estimates in subsurface formations | |
AU2010222905B2 (en) | Method for integrating reservoir charge modeling and downhole fluid analysis | |
US6823298B1 (en) | Pyrolytic oil-productivity index method for predicting reservoir rock and oil characteristics | |
US9880319B2 (en) | Quality metrics for tight oil reservoirs | |
WO2003081233A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for simulating pvt parameters | |
US20130338926A1 (en) | Formation volumetric evaluation using normalized differential data | |
US20160231461A1 (en) | Nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) porosity integration in a probabilistic multi-log interpretation methodology | |
US11592433B2 (en) | Quantifying contamination of downhole samples | |
MX2008015642A (es) | Correccion de separacion para medicion de densidad de lwd. | |
US11788401B2 (en) | Systems and methods for characterizing subsurface formation properties through geochemical logging | |
US20130292111A1 (en) | Method of constructing a well log of a quantitative property from sample measurements and log data | |
Yang et al. | Reservoir fluid data acquisition using advanced mud logging gas in shale reservoirs | |
US20230288604A1 (en) | Hydrocarbon Reservoir Saturation Logging | |
US9575195B2 (en) | Detecting and quantifying hydrocarbon volumes in sub-seismic sands in the presence of anisotropy | |
Torlov et al. | Utilization of mud logs for oil fraction quantification in transition zones and low resistivity reservoirs | |
US10598010B2 (en) | Method for constructing a continuous PVT phase envelope log | |
Zhou et al. | Toward improved coal density estimation from geophysical logs | |
Crampin et al. | Application of Advanced Mud Gas Logging for Improved Hydrocarbon Phase Determination in a Highly Depleted Reservoir | |
Beda et al. | An innovative approach for estimating the SW and Porosity using Gas and Mud Logging data in Real Time | |
CN108647417A (zh) | 一种确定页岩气储层含气饱和度的简易方法 | |
Dubost et al. | Automated hydraulic units, fluid types, and free-fluid levels resolved using new algorithms applicable to distributed pressure measurements | |
Thurston et al. | Logging for Free-The Use of XRF on Cuttings Data in Unconventional Oil and Gas Exploration and Reservoir Characterization |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: REPSOL, S.A., SPAIN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BEDA, GIULIO;TIWARY, DEVENDRA NATH;SIGNING DATES FROM 20140618 TO 20140628;REEL/FRAME:033596/0649 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |