US20140374090A1 - Apparatus and Method for Opening and Closing an Automatic Valve Installed in the Discharge Line of an Oil Well - Google Patents

Apparatus and Method for Opening and Closing an Automatic Valve Installed in the Discharge Line of an Oil Well Download PDF

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US20140374090A1
US20140374090A1 US14/371,633 US201314371633A US2014374090A1 US 20140374090 A1 US20140374090 A1 US 20140374090A1 US 201314371633 A US201314371633 A US 201314371633A US 2014374090 A1 US2014374090 A1 US 2014374090A1
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Prior art keywords
discharge line
oil well
automatic valve
opening
closing
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US14/371,633
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English (en)
Inventor
Vicente Gonzalez Davila
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Geo Estratos de C V SA
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Geo Estratos de C V SA
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Assigned to GEO ESTRATOS, S.A. DE C.V. reassignment GEO ESTRATOS, S.A. DE C.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DAVILA, VICENTE GONZALEZ
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    • E21B41/0092—
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
    • G05D16/20—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D16/2006—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means
    • G05D16/2013—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means using throttling means as controlling means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/02—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in well heads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/02—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in well heads
    • E21B34/025—Chokes or valves in wellheads and sub-sea wellheads for variably regulating fluid flow
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/0318—Processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8158—With indicator, register, recorder, alarm or inspection means

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an apparatus which automatically opens and closes an automatic full bore valve, installed in the discharge line coming from the casing pipes (CP) of an oil well without a packer with an artificial lift system housed in the production tubing (PT), based on a progressive cavity pump system (PCP) or mechanical pump (MP), triggered by a smart actuator based on gauging the pressures in the casing pipes (CP) and programming the apparatus, with the purpose of improving the exploitable level of liquid hydrocarbons in oil wells, through draft control of the hydrocarbon by the associated gas from the bottom of the oil well to the surface through the casing pipes (CP), where the pressure is automatically gauged and controlled with the valve's opening and closing process.
  • PCP progressive cavity pump system
  • MP mechanical pump
  • Oil wells with a content of associate gas but where the hydrocarbon does not flow through the production tubing (PT) are known as non-flowing wells, which require having a pump in their production tubing (PT) to raise the oil to the collection tanks on the surface, such as a progressive cavity pump (PCP) or mechanical pump (MP) for extracting said hydrocarbon from the bottom of the oil well.
  • PCP progressive cavity pump
  • MP mechanical pump
  • FIG. 1 shows the general schematics of the installation of the elements comprising the apparatus for opening and closing the automatic valve in an oil well with an artificial lift system (ALS) called progressive cavity pump (PCP).
  • ALS artificial lift system
  • PCP progressive cavity pump
  • FIG. 2 shows the 2-inch stainless steel automatic valve with 24-volt direct current (VDC) electric actuator.
  • FIG. 3 depicts the inductive proximity sensor utilized for calculating the revolutions per minute (RPM) of the progressive cavity pump (PCP).
  • RPM revolutions per minute
  • FIG. 4 shows the base used for the inductive proximity sensor and which is installed on the progressive cavity pump (PCP) surface equipment.
  • PCP progressive cavity pump
  • FIG. 5 shows the manometric pressure transmitters used in the apparatus, with stainless steel casing and 10.5 to 45 VDC feed.
  • FIG. 6 shows the radar level transmitter installed on the oil production storage tank.
  • FIG. 7 shows the cabinet where the apparatus's control system is located.
  • FIG. 8 shows an outside top view of the recorder-controller device.
  • FIG. 9 shows an outside bottom view of the recorder-controller device.
  • FIG. 10 shows the recorder-controller device and its internal components provided with a computerized system.
  • FIG. 11 describes the components of one of the 2 sections of the recorder-controller device, called recorder section.
  • FIG. 12 shows the schematics for the recorder circuit of the recorder-controller device's recorder section.
  • FIG. 13 describes the components of the recorder-controller device's controller interface section and power supply.
  • FIG. 14 shows the schematics for the power supply circuit of the recorder-controller device's controller interface section and power supply.
  • FIG. 15 shows the schematics for the controller interface circuit of the recorder-controller device's controller interface section and power supply.
  • FIG. 16 generally depicts the mechanical state of an oil well in which this invention's method is being applied.
  • FIG. 17 shows a graph of this invention's method and apparatus being used, with pressure data obtained during the characterization prior to the configuration for the automatic valve's autonomous operation.
  • FIG. 18 shows a graph with the production data in oil barrels resulting from the application of this invention's method and apparatus, during the characterization period prior to the configuration for the automatic valve's autonomous operation.
  • FIG. 19 shows the pressure graph in the discharge lines of an oil well operating the complete system configured automatically.
  • FIG. 20 shows the oil well's production levels graph in barrels, with the complete system working automatically.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the general schematics for the installation of apparatus for opening and closing, where the automatic valve installation ( 2 ) is shown placed in the casing pipe discharge line ( 8 ).
  • the oil well ( 1 ) has a 27 ⁇ 8-inch blow out preventer (BOP) ( 4 ) to prevent spills due to an increase in pressure, and an artificial lift system (ALS) with the surface motor and equipment of a progressive cavity pump (PCP) ( 3 ) installed on top of said oil well ( 1 ).
  • An inductive proximity sensor ( 17 ) is located on top of the progressive cavity pump's motor and equipment ( 3 ) which is used for calculating the revolutions per minute (RPM) of the progressive cavity pump (PCP).
  • RPM revolutions per minute
  • three manometric pressure transmitters are installed: one in the 23 ⁇ 8-in diameter casing pipe discharge line ( 8 ), another one in the 23 ⁇ 8-in diameter production tubing discharge line ( 18 ), and one more in the 23 ⁇ 8-in diameter discharge line to the production tank ( 19 ).
  • a radar level transmitter ( 10 ) is installed on top of the oil production storage tank ( 9 ).
  • Sensor electrical conduits ( 11 ) are used for connecting the control cabinet ( 13 ) to the inductive proximity sensor ( 17 ) with an 18 AWG 3 conductor aluminum shielded cable; the manometric pressure transmitters ( 5 , 6 and 7 ) and the level transmitter ( 10 ) with a heavy duty 14 AWG 2 conductor cable.
  • the automatic valve ( 2 ) is connected with a multi conductor 16 AWG 4 conductor cable to the control cabinet ( 13 ) through the valve electrical conduit ( 12 ).
  • Said control cabinet ( 13 ) is installed on a pole ( 15 ) made with a 4-inch steel channel, anchored on the ground to a concrete base ( 16 ) measuring 40 centimeters long, 40 centimeters wide and 10 centimeters tall.
  • a 12-VDC, 20-Watt solar panel ( 14 ) made up by 2 serial photocells is used for recharging some batteries inside the control cabinet ( 13 ) to feed the whole system with direct current, including the revolutions sensor ( 17 ), pressure transmitters ( 5 , 6 and 7 ), level transmitter ( 10 ) and automatic valve ( 2 ).
  • FIG. 2 describes the automatic valve ( 2 ) used in the apparatus, which is installed, as described in FIG. 1 , in the casing pipe discharge line ( 8 ).
  • Said automatic valve ( 2 ) is made of stainless steel in order to avoid corrosion and has an inlet ( 20 ) and an outlet ( 21 ) of 2 inches in diameter on each side, and that is where said casing pipes ( 8 ) are connected as described in FIG. 1 .
  • the automatic valve ( 2 ) has a 24-Volt direct current electric actuator on top ( 22 ) to open and close it, connecting the power cables to the side ports ( 23 ) as shown in said FIG. 2 .
  • the function of said automatic valve ( 2 ) is to control the outflow of the gas found in the casing pipe discharge line ( 8 ) described in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 describes the sensor utilized to obtain the revolutions per minute (RPM) of the progressive cavity pump (PCP).
  • the sensor used is an inductive proximity sensor ( 17 ), which is utilized to detect objects within a specific range of operation.
  • the RPM count is made in the control cabinet apparatus ( 13 ) by transmitting the information via the sensor connecting cable ( 24 ), which is connected through the sensor electrical conduits ( 11 ) described in FIG. 1 .
  • Said inductive sensor ( 17 ) requires a voltage feed of 24 volts direct current, with a measuring range of 8 to 20 mm.
  • the sensor's diameter is 30 mm.
  • FIG. 4 depicts the base for installing the inductive proximity sensor ( 17 ) described in FIGS. 1 and 3 .
  • Said sensor requires a mounting base ( 25 ) made of steel and which is used with the purpose of having a proper support for said inductive proximity sensor ( 17 ), which is attached by two nuts ( 26 ).
  • FIG. 5 describes the manometric pressure transmitters ( 5 , 6 and 7 ), which are used/in the opening and closing apparatus, and which are the same type and model.
  • Said pressure transmitters ( 5 , 6 and 7 ) model number STK131 are a ceramic sensor with a port for data input and transmission ( 27 ), 24 volts direct current and HART-communication protocol, with a 1 ⁇ 2-inch NPT connection to the pipe ( 26 ) where it is screwed in and fastened, with a stainless steel outer casing ( 28 ) and process connection ( 29 ).
  • the pipes where said pressure transmitter are installed as described in FIG. 1 are the casing pipe discharge line ( 8 ), production tubing discharge line ( 18 ), and discharge line to the production tank ( 19 ).
  • FIG. 6 shows in detail the radar transmitter ( 10 ) mentioned in the description of FIG. 1 , which is connected to the control cabinet ( 13 ) by a heavy duty 14 AWG 2 cable which goes through the sensor electric conduit ( 11 ), and goes into the level sensor connecting cable port ( 31 ). Additionally, inside the oil storage tank ( 9 ) and connected to the radar level transmitter ( 10 ) the level sensor antenna is mounted which emits signals to determine the level of the tank. Said information is sent to the apparatus installed inside the control cabinet ( 13 ) to be processed.
  • FIG. 7 describes the control cabinet ( 13 ), which is made of galvanized sheet metal material with epoxy paint measuring 50 ⁇ 40 ⁇ 21 centimeters, and has a door ( 33 ) that opens in order to install the apparatus and cables inside, which has 2 locks ( 34 ) to be opened and closed with a key.
  • the recorder-controller device ( 35 ), a 24-VDC 5-Amp voltage regulator ( 36 ) and 2 sealed 24-VDC 35-AH rechargeable batteries ( 37 ) are installed inside said control cabinet ( 13 ).
  • the voltage regulator ( 36 ) is connected to the photocell solar panel ( 14 ) described in FIG. 1 , to the recorder-controller ( 35 ) and to the sealed rechargeable batteries ( 37 ) using heavy duty 14 AWG ⁇ 2 C cable ( 41 , 42 and 43 ).
  • the function of said voltage regulator ( 36 ) is to regulate the voltage coming from the solar panel ( 14 ) to the batteries ( 37 ) to prevent overcharging them and at the same time supply power to the recorder-controller ( 35 ).
  • the sealed rechargeable batteries ( 37 ) are connected in series by a cable ( 38 ) forming a 24-VDC 35-AH battery bank.
  • the recorder-controller device ( 35 ) is connected to the radar level transmitter ( 10 ), to the inductive proximity sensor ( 17 ) and to the manometric pressure transmitters ( 5 , 6 and 7 ), all described in FIG. 1 , by the sensor connecting cables ( 39 ). Additionally, said recorder-controller ( 35 ) is connected to the automatic valve ( 2 ) by a with a multi conductor 16 AWG 4 conductor cable ( 40 ).
  • the cables coming out from the recorder-controller ( 35 ) to the radar level transmitter ( 10 ), to the proximity sensor ( 17 ) and to the manometric pressure transmitters ( 5 , 6 and 7 ) go inside a sensor electric conduit ( 11 ) described in FIG. 1 .
  • the cables coming out of the recorder-controller ( 35 ) to the automatic valve ( 2 ) go inside the valve electric conduit ( 12 ), described in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 8 shows an outside top view of the recorder-controller device ( 35 ), which shows an LF LED ( 44 ) which when on indicates that the device is in reading mode and data recording, an LV LED ( 45 ) which when on indicates that the automatic valve ( 2 ) described in FIG. 2 is in operation, an LH LED ( 46 ) which when on indicates that the HART communication with the sensors is in progress, a 2-step switch ( 47 ) which function is to configure the recorder's operation mode, which is reading or recording, a reset button ( 48 ) to reset the recorder and a USB port ( 49 ) used for transferring the data recorded in the recorder-controller device ( 35 ) to a laptop.
  • FIG. 9 shows an outside bottom view of the recorder-controller device ( 35 ), which has an INTENC switch ( 50 ) for turning the device on and off, a LEDENC LED ( 51 ) where one can identify if the device is in operation (turned on), and it additionally has a connection panel ( 52 ) where the following are connected from left to right:
  • FIG. 10 depicts the internal components of the recorder-controller device ( 35 ), which is divided in 2 sections: the recorder section ( 53 ) and the controller interface and power supply section ( 54 ). Both sections are connected by 3 cables ( 55 ) which are used to carry current for the circuits in the recorder section and for the automatic valve control ( 2 ) described in FIG. 2 , from the controller interface and power supply section ( 54 ).
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 describe in detail said sections of the device.
  • FIG. 11 depicts in more detail the recorder section ( 53 ) of the recorder-controller device ( 35 ). Said section shows in addition to the description in FIG. 8 , the PIC18F26J50 processor ( 56 ), the InLink OEM HART protocol modem ( 57 ), the USB cable connector ( 58 ) coming from the USB port ( 49 ) and the cable connector ( 59 ) which receives the three cables ( 55 ) coming from the controller interface and power supply section ( 54 ) described in FIG. 10 .
  • the function of the InLink OEM HART protocol modem ( 57 ) is to receive information from the manometric pressure transmitters ( 5 , 6 and 7 ) and the level transmitter ( 10 ) described in FIG. 1 . Said information collected from the transmitters via the HART protocol modem ( 57 ) is sent to the controller interface and power supply section ( 54 ) to be processed, which is described below in FIG. 13 .
  • FIG. 12 illustrates the recorder section ( 53 ) but in the form of a schematic diagram of the circuit, where it is possible to see in a single plane components not observed in the description in FIG. 11 .
  • the diagram shows the PIC18F26J50 microprocessor ( 56 ), the InLink OEM HART protocol modem ( 57 ) and the output schematics to the USB port ( 49 ). Additionally, it illustrates the 2 GB SD memory card ( 61 ), the HART protocol modem ( 57 ) output to the pressure transmitters ( 5 , 6 and 7 ) and the level transmitter ( 10 ), the 270 ⁇ /1 W resistor ( 62 ), the 5 K ⁇ resistor and the microprocessor output ( 56 ) to the controller interface and power supply section ( 54 ).
  • this section of the recorder ( 53 ) is to store the data from the pressure transmitters ( 5 , 6 and 7 ) and the level transmitter ( 10 ) described in FIG. 1 , primarily to analyze the data on the oil well ( 1 ) and secondly to configure by programming the controller interface section ( 54 ), so that, based on the data obtained online, opening and closing of the automatic valve ( 2 ) described in FIG. 1 is placed in operation by analyzing the pressures in the casing pipes ( 8 ), in the production tubing ( 18 ) and in the discharge line to the production tank ( 19 ), and the oil level in the oil production storage tank ( 9 ).
  • This operation of the automatic valve ( 2 ) in a configured fashion will allow for keeping the hydrocarbon levels in the oil well above the progressive cavity pump, maintaining the oil well ( 1 ) in a continuous production by keeping optimum operation pressures.
  • the analysis of the information on the operation (pressures and tank level) of the oil well ( 1 ) is carried out because the 2 GB SD memory card ( 61 ) stores said information, and it is extracted through the USB port ( 49 ) to a computer for data analysis in graphic form.
  • FIG. 13 shows the controller interface and power supply section ( 54 ). Said section is comprised by two circuit schematic diagrams: the power supply ( FIG. 14 ) and the controller interface ( FIG. 15 ).
  • This FIG. 13 depicts some of the components, such as: two LM317 linear regulators ( 65 ), two 1 K ⁇ precision potentiometers ( 66 ), one 220 pF capacitor ( 67 ), one Latch 74LS573 integrated circuit ( 68 ), two 24 V coil relays ( 69 ) and two TIP41C transistors ( 70 ).
  • FIG. 14 depicts one of the circuit schematic diagrams of the recorder-controller device ( 35 ), called power supply circuit ( 71 ) which is located in one of the sections ( 54 ) of said device.
  • the purpose of the power supply circuit ( 71 ) is to describe the control in order to supply power in volts to the whole system in the recorder-controller device ( 35 ) for the proper operation thereof.
  • said voltage power supply comes from the voltage regulator ( 36 ) described in FIG. 7 .
  • the components comprising the power supply circuit ( 71 ) are: two LM317 linear regulators ( 65 ), two 1 K ⁇ precision potentiometers ( 66 ), one 220 pF capacitor ( 67 ), two 200 ⁇ resistors ( 72 ) and two 10 pF capacitors ( 73 ).
  • FIG. 15 describes another circuit schematic diagram of the recorder-controller device ( 35 ) called controller interface circuit ( 71 ) which is located in one of the sections ( 54 ) of said device.
  • the function of this controller interface circuit ( 74 ) is to open and/or close the automatic valve ( 2 ) by the activation of its actuator ( 77 ), in order to maintain a certain range of pressures in the oil well ( 1 ) (closed system), and where said pressures were established in the program stored in the recorder-controller device ( 35 ), based on production tests previously performed at said well, and said production was corroborated by the level transmitter ( 10 ) mounted on the oil production storage tank ( 9 ), where an increase in the amount of oil (tank level) extracted from the oil well ( 1 ) can be validated.
  • the components comprising the controller interface circuit ( 74 ) and subject of this FIG. 15 description are: one Latch 74LS573 integrated circuit ( 68 ), two 24 V coil relays ( 69 ), two TIP41C transistors ( 70 ), two 5 K ⁇ resistors ( 75 ) and two 1 Amp semiconductor diodes ( 76 ).
  • the main function of this apparatus consists in opening and closing the automatic valve ( 2 ) installed in the casing pipe discharge line ( 8 ), with the purpose of controlling the increase and decrease in pressure in said line coming from the oil well ( 1 ), staying within a certain range (highest and lowest) previously established and programmed in the recorder-controller device ( 35 ). Said pressure in the casing pipes ( 8 ) is received in the recorder-controller device ( 35 ), by the manometric pressure transmitter's ( 5 ) measurement installed on said casing pipes ( 8 ), and where a software in the recorder-controller device ( 35 ) monitors the pressure.
  • Opening or closing of the automatic valve ( 2 ) is activated based on pressure values that have been previously set up in said recorder-controller device ( 35 ): it opens if the pressure goes over the highest value set and it closes if it goes under the lowest pressure set.
  • the pressures obtained by the manometric pressure transmitters ( 5 , 6 and 7 ) installed on the casing pipe discharge line ( 8 ), on the production tubing discharge line ( 18 ) and on the discharge line to the production tank ( 19 ), respectively, are monitored and analyzed, as well as the data from the level transmitter ( 10 ) installed in the production tank ( 9 ) is analyzed.
  • Said analysis is carried out by collecting information from the pressure transmitters ( 5 , 6 and 7 ) and level transmitter ( 10 ), operating the automatic valve ( 2 ) for six days as programmed, in various open and close positions, this way achieving a characterization as to in what pressure ranges in the casing pipes ( 8 ) and the behavior shown in the pressures in the production tubing ( 18 ) and in the discharge line to the tank ( 19 ), a greater increase in the production storage tank ( 9 ) is obtained in eight-hour periods of time.
  • the inductive proximity sensor ( 17 ) installed on top of the progressive cavity pump ( 3 ) motor indicates when the pump is in operation, this way discarding possible errors in production measuring in the event the oil well ( 1 ) is not producing any hydrocarbon; that is, if the pump is not operating, it is going to be very difficult to trust the pressure characterization, unless this is a naturally-flowing oil well.
  • the object of this system is to establish a method to maximize the production of hydrocarbon in the oil well ( 1 ) through the following steps:
  • the apparatus Prior to the autonomous operation of the automatic valve ( 2 ) the apparatus is programmed to collect information on the operation of the oil well ( 1 ) with the pressure transmitters ( 5 , 6 and 7 ), level transmitter ( 10 ) and inductive sensor ( 17 ) for six days in a row, opening the automatic valve ( 2 ) initially 15% on the first day and increasing by 15% each day until reaching 100% and/or six days of operation.
  • the information is recorded by the recorder-controller device ( 35 ) to be analyzed later, and is as follows:
  • the information stored in the recorder-controller device ( 35 ) is recovered with a portable computer through the USB port ( 49 ), the data is transferred to an Excel worksheet, and the following information is added to each record saved:
  • the maximum and minimum pressures of best operation in the casing pipe discharge line ( 8 ) are determined by using and analyzing the graphs, where the highest level of hydrocarbon production is shown in the storage tank ( 9 ).
  • the recorder-controller device ( 35 ) is set up for the automatic valve ( 2 ) to operate autonomously, with the highest and lowest pressure values to be controlled in the casing pipes ( 8 ), obtained with the prior data depicted by the whole system operating for six days.
  • FIG. 16 describes an oil well ( 1 ) generally showing its components in the area below the ground surface ( 78 ), known as wellbore.
  • the operation data describing the method of this invention is an oil well ( 1 ) with certain physical characteristics, but please note that the apparatus and method can operate on any type of oil wells, including natural-flowing wells.
  • the oil well ( 1 ) wellbore is as follows:
  • FIG. 17 depicts a graph showing the pressure data in the casing pipe discharge line ( 8 ) and in the production tubing discharge line ( 18 ) obtained by the pressure transmitters ( 5 , 6 ), showing all the data records obtained from an oil well with a progressive cavity pump, with the apparatus installed as described in FIG. 1 and FIG. 16 .
  • Tables 1 and 2 show some of the records with the data obtained from the recorder-controller device ( 35 ) that were plotted on a graph. These records (date and time) are divided in two tables in order to show all columns of the data being recorded.
  • Tables 1 and 2 Not all data is shown in Tables 1 and 2 because there are about 7,770 records or lines, and Table 1 does not show a column for the operation indicator of the progressive cavity pump (PCP) as recorded by the inductive proximity sensor ( 17 ) because the pump was in operation for all records analyzed.
  • PCP progressive cavity pump
  • Table 2 shows 2 columns which are Level (m3) and Level (bbl) which are calculated based on the tank's dimensions from the column Level (m), data which is sent by the level transmitter ( 10 ) installed in the production storage tank ( 9 ).
  • the dimensions of said tank are 3.50 meters in diameter and 4.80 meters in height, so the area of said tank is 9.62 m2, which is multiplied by the Level (m) resulting in the value for column Level (m3).
  • the value of column Level (bbl) is obtained by dividing the column Level (m3) by the equivalent of 1 oil barrel which is 0.159 cubic meters (1 barrel equals 159 liters and equals 0.159 cubic meters).
  • the decision making process in order to set up the autonomous operation of the automatic valve ( 2 ) is centered on the pressures in the casing tubing discharge line ( 84 ), which is what represents the variation in pressure which modifies the hydrocarbon production, maintaining the level of said hydrocarbon in the oil well ( 1 ), obtaining a greater amount of barrels with the progressive cavity pump (PCP).
  • the pressure in the production tubing discharge line ( 85 ) is maintained constant without any variation, without any dependency on the hydrocarbon production as it is seen in the description of FIG. 18 .
  • Pressure Point 1 ( 86 ) which is 395.848 PSI dated Apr. 25, 2011 at 00:21 hrs
  • pressure Point 2 ( 87 ) which is 439.764 dated Apr. 25, 2011 at 18:40 hrs, both in the pressure graph line for the casing pipes ( 84 ), represent the pressure range with a stable increase in hydrocarbon production, as described in FIG. 18 below.
  • FIG. 18 shows the graph line ( 90 ) for the level of the production storage tank ( 9 ) on the same dates and times as the pressure graph described in FIG. 17 .
  • the X-axis ( 88 ) shows the date and time of the measurements taken of the level in said tank and the Y-axis ( 89 ) shows the hydrocarbon barrels (bbl).
  • This Graph 18 shows level Points 1 and 2 ( 91 , 92 ), which correspond to the same pressure Points 1 and 2 ( 86 , 87 ) described in FIG. 17 . Said points correspond to the level Point 1 dated Apr. 25, 2011 at 00:21 hrs measuring 21.663 bbl, and level Point 2 dated Apr, 25, 2011 at 18:40 hrs measuring 73.943 bbl.
  • the measurement in this period of time corresponds to a production of 52.280 bbl, calculated by the difference between the two points. It is important to clarify that the graph shows a drop in the level ( 93 ) of the production storage tank ( 9 ), which is due to the extraction of hydrocarbon by a tanker truck called PW (Pressure & Vacuum Vehicle), which is carried out periodically to keep the tank from filling and spilling.
  • PW Pressure & Vacuum Vehicle
  • the correlation of Graphs 17 and 18 where the pressures in the casing pipe discharge line ( 8 ) are compared to the production storage tank ( 9 ) levels, establishes the method to determine the lowest and highest pressure range to be set up in the recorder-controller device ( 35 ).
  • the opening of the automatic valve ( 2 ) is initially set up to open at 50%, this way allowing for the whole autonomous system to regulate the pressures between 395.848 PSI established as the lowest pressure and 439.764 PSI established as the highest pressure, while variations over and under said pressures may occur, considered as part of the normal adjustments made by the apparatus during its operation.
  • FIG. 19 shows the graph of the pressures in the casing pipe discharge line ( 8 ) and production tubing discharge line ( 18 ) with the recorder-controller device ( 35 ) that has been set up and programmed at the lowest pressure of 395.84 PSI and at the highest pressure of 439.764 PSI.
  • the automatic valve ( 2 ) opens or closes as the pressure increases or decreases in the casing pipe discharge line ( 8 ), which is measured by its pressure transmitter ( 5 ) and the data is sent to the recorder-controller device ( 35 ).
  • the X-axis ( 94 ) contains the date and time when the pressures were measured and the Y-axis ( 95 ) contains the pressure in PSI measurement unit.
  • the graph line for the pressure in the casing pipes ( 96 ) shows the behavior of the configured system in operation, and likewise, the graph line for the pressure in the production tubing ( 97 ).
  • Table 4 shows a segment of the data plotted on the graph which is stored in the recorder-controller device ( 35 ), where the behavior can be observed as to the pressures due to the adjustments in opening and closing the automatic valve ( 2 ) in order to keep them within the lowest and highest range of pressures in the casing pipe discharge line ( 8 ).
  • a reflection of the hydrocarbon level in the oil well ( 1 ) and the continuous pumping by the progressive cavity pump system (PCP) installed at said well can be observed below in FIG. 20 where the production's behavior can be seen in the storage tank level ( 9 ).
  • the total period of time graphed in this FIG. 19 corresponds to the range from May 1, 2011 at 16:00 hrs to May 5, 2011 at 16:00 hrs.
  • the graph shows the starting points with the highest control ( 98 , 99 ) of the automatic valve ( 2 ) over the pressure in the casing pipes ( 8 ), where in FIG. 20 below can be observed that the hydrocarbon level in the oil well ( 1 ) starts to be kept constant with an increase in level in the storage tank ( 9 ), by opening the automatic valve ( 2 ) in order to decrease the and opening it to increase it in said casing pipes ( 8 ).
  • This opening and closing control is carried out by the recorder-controller device ( 35 ) as programmed and with the help of the whole apparatus installed at the oil well ( 1 ).
  • FIG. 20 shows the storage tank ( 9 ) level in barrels (bbl), in the same date and time period as the pressures plotted on the graph in FIG. 19 above.
  • This information shows that the hydrocarbon level in the oil well ( 1 ) is kept thanks to the configuration of pressures maintained in the casing pipe discharge line ( 8 ), with the opening and closing operation of the automatic valve ( 2 ).
  • the X-axis ( 100 ) on the graph shows the date and time when the level was measured, which corresponds to the same period of time when the pressures were measured as described in FIG. 19 .
  • the Y-axis ( 101 ) shows the storage tank ( 9 ) level measured in barrels (bbl).
  • the tank level graph line ( 102 ) shows an increase in the oil well ( 1 ) production, due to the control in pressure in the casing pipe discharge line ( 8 ) maintains the level of hydrocarbon in the oil well, thus allowing for a higher pumping through the progressive cavity pump (PCP) installed at said well.
  • This same figure shows a drop in the tank level ( 103 ) due to the hydrocarbon having been extracted by a tanker truck, with the purpose of preventing a spill. It is important to point out that the production of hydrocarbon occurs through the production tubing discharge line ( 18 ) to the discharge line to the tank ( 19 ).
  • Table 5 shows the same data with the date and time as Table 4, but with information about the opening percentage of the automatic valve and the production tank level ( 9 ), with the conversions in meters, cubic meters and barrels as described above in the description for Table 2 in FIG. 17 .

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US14/371,633 2012-02-10 2013-01-18 Apparatus and Method for Opening and Closing an Automatic Valve Installed in the Discharge Line of an Oil Well Abandoned US20140374090A1 (en)

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US20150267871A1 (en) * 2014-03-20 2015-09-24 Pride of the Hills Manufacturing, Inc. Method for operating a gas processing system
CN106223877A (zh) * 2016-08-12 2016-12-14 中国石油大学(华东) 煤层气井自动洗井装置
US20170269577A1 (en) * 2016-03-18 2017-09-21 Honeywell International Inc. Spreadsheet visualization for controlling an industrial process
CN108798632A (zh) * 2018-06-28 2018-11-13 柴志君 单井液量检测及数据采集装置
US10151187B1 (en) 2018-02-12 2018-12-11 Eagle Technology, Llc Hydrocarbon resource recovery system with transverse solvent injectors and related methods
CN110541685A (zh) * 2019-10-16 2019-12-06 李建波 一种数控油井套压控制装置
US10502041B2 (en) 2018-02-12 2019-12-10 Eagle Technology, Llc Method for operating RF source and related hydrocarbon resource recovery systems
US10577906B2 (en) 2018-02-12 2020-03-03 Eagle Technology, Llc Hydrocarbon resource recovery system and RF antenna assembly with thermal expansion device and related methods
US10577905B2 (en) 2018-02-12 2020-03-03 Eagle Technology, Llc Hydrocarbon resource recovery system and RF antenna assembly with latching inner conductor and related methods
US10767459B2 (en) 2018-02-12 2020-09-08 Eagle Technology, Llc Hydrocarbon resource recovery system and component with pressure housing and related methods
CN113586034A (zh) * 2021-08-09 2021-11-02 厦门市银海信息科技有限公司 一种自动化计量原油产量的系统及其方法
US11209099B2 (en) 2017-01-31 2021-12-28 John B. King Pressure safety valve indicator
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US20150267871A1 (en) * 2014-03-20 2015-09-24 Pride of the Hills Manufacturing, Inc. Method for operating a gas processing system
US20170269577A1 (en) * 2016-03-18 2017-09-21 Honeywell International Inc. Spreadsheet visualization for controlling an industrial process
US10274941B2 (en) * 2016-03-18 2019-04-30 Honeywell International Inc. Spreadsheet visualization for controlling an industrial process
CN106223877A (zh) * 2016-08-12 2016-12-14 中国石油大学(华东) 煤层气井自动洗井装置
US11209099B2 (en) 2017-01-31 2021-12-28 John B. King Pressure safety valve indicator
US10767459B2 (en) 2018-02-12 2020-09-08 Eagle Technology, Llc Hydrocarbon resource recovery system and component with pressure housing and related methods
US10151187B1 (en) 2018-02-12 2018-12-11 Eagle Technology, Llc Hydrocarbon resource recovery system with transverse solvent injectors and related methods
US10502041B2 (en) 2018-02-12 2019-12-10 Eagle Technology, Llc Method for operating RF source and related hydrocarbon resource recovery systems
US10577906B2 (en) 2018-02-12 2020-03-03 Eagle Technology, Llc Hydrocarbon resource recovery system and RF antenna assembly with thermal expansion device and related methods
US10577905B2 (en) 2018-02-12 2020-03-03 Eagle Technology, Llc Hydrocarbon resource recovery system and RF antenna assembly with latching inner conductor and related methods
CN108798632A (zh) * 2018-06-28 2018-11-13 柴志君 单井液量检测及数据采集装置
CN110541685A (zh) * 2019-10-16 2019-12-06 李建波 一种数控油井套压控制装置
CN113586034A (zh) * 2021-08-09 2021-11-02 厦门市银海信息科技有限公司 一种自动化计量原油产量的系统及其方法
CN115234198A (zh) * 2022-07-19 2022-10-25 天津海渤谊油科技发展有限公司 一种油气井密闭排液装置

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MX2012001757A (es) 2013-08-26

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