US20140356607A1 - Smoking article - Google Patents

Smoking article Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140356607A1
US20140356607A1 US14/371,967 US201314371967A US2014356607A1 US 20140356607 A1 US20140356607 A1 US 20140356607A1 US 201314371967 A US201314371967 A US 201314371967A US 2014356607 A1 US2014356607 A1 US 2014356607A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
insulating material
catalyst
hnb
insulator
smoking article
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/371,967
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English (en)
Inventor
Dominic Woodcock
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nicoventures Trading Ltd
Original Assignee
British American Tobacco Investments Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by British American Tobacco Investments Ltd filed Critical British American Tobacco Investments Ltd
Assigned to BRITISH AMERICAN TOBACCO (INVESTMENTS) LIMITED reassignment BRITISH AMERICAN TOBACCO (INVESTMENTS) LIMITED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: WOODCOCK, DOMINIC
Publication of US20140356607A1 publication Critical patent/US20140356607A1/en
Assigned to Nicoventures Trading Limited reassignment Nicoventures Trading Limited ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BRITISH AMERICAN TOBACCO (INVESTMENTS) LIMITED
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
    • A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
    • A24F47/006—
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/22—Cigarettes with integrated combustible heat sources, e.g. with carbonaceous heat sources
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/062—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by structural features
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/06—Inhaling appliances shaped like cigars, cigarettes or pipes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F47/00—Smokers' requisites not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an insulating material for use in a Heat-Not-Burn (HNB) smoking article.
  • HNB Heat-Not-Burn
  • HNB technology generates an aerosol by heating, rather than burning, tobacco and/or other smoking materials. Because the tobacco is not burned, there is a reduced amount of sidestream smoke and combustion and pyrolysis products. The odour, stain and ash of conventional cigarettes are also mostly eliminated. Nicotine and flavour, however, which are sought by the smoker in the mainstream smoke, are retained.
  • HNB cigarettes are disclosed in International Publication No. WO 2007/108878.
  • a combustible carbonaceous fuel element is provided at a distal (i.e. non-buccal) end of the cigarette, and it is this fuel element that provides the heat to vaporise humectants and flavours from an adjacent tobacco section.
  • the vapour, containing nicotine and flavour may be inhaled by the smoker drawing on the buccal end of the cigarette.
  • the fuel element may generate very high temperatures, for example up to around 800° C.
  • the fuel element may be wrapped in insulation material composed of glass fibres.
  • a carbon monoxide (CO) catalyst may be applied directly to the fuel element, in order to reduce the yield of CO from the cigarette during the smoking experience.
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • the amount of catalyst which may be added to the fuel element has to be sufficiently low in order to not adversely affect the combustion properties of the fuel element. As such, the benefit of the reduced yield of CO has been limited in this form.
  • an insulating material for use in an HNB smoking article wherein the material comprises a CO catalyst, but does not comprise glass fibre.
  • an HNB smoking article comprising an insulating material of the first aspect.
  • a method for reducing the amount of CO present in an aerosol produced by an HNB smoking article the method using an insulating material of the first aspect.
  • vapours can include vapours, gases, particles and the like, both visible and invisible, and especially those components perceived by the user to be “smoke-like”, generated by action of the heat from a burning fuel element upon substances contained within an aerosol-generating substance, or elsewhere in a smoking article.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an existing HNB product
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the distal (i.e. non-buccal) end of a smoking article according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is an illustration of a known HNB product, such as a cigarette l, having a fuel element 3 housed in a distal end 2 of the cigarette, and a filter section or mouthpiece 4 at the buccal (mouth) end of the cigarette.
  • the fuel element 3 is circumscribed by an insulating mantel of glass fibres (not shown).
  • Between the filter section or mouthpiece 4 and the fuel element 3 are one or more tobacco sections 5 which are arranged to generate an aerosol for delivery to the consumer. The aerosol subsequently passes through the filter section or mouthpiece 4 to the mouth of the user.
  • the cigarette 1 is circumscribed by a suitable wrapping material, such as paper.
  • a CO catalyst directly to the fuel element of HNB cigarettes in order to reduce the yield of CO from the cigarette during the smoking experience.
  • metals, metal halides and/or metal oxides may be incorporated into the fuel element 3 , which catalyse the conversion of CO to carbon dioxide (CO 2 ).
  • CO 2 carbon dioxide
  • the quantity of catalyst which may be added to the fuel element has to be sufficiently low in order to maintain the combustion properties of the fuel element. Therefore, the effect of the CO catalyst in reducing the amount of CO in the produced vapour is limited.
  • the present inventor has appreciated a way in which a greater quantity of a CO catalyst can be added to an HNB device.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the distal end of an exemplary HNB smoking article 6 according to one aspect of the present invention.
  • the HNB smoking article 6 may be a cigarette, cigar or cigarillo, the physical dimensions of which closely approximate those of the conventional forms.
  • the fuel element 7 consists of a rod of combustible carbonaceous material, such as carbon, that serves as the high temperature heat source for generating an aerosol.
  • the rod has a plurality of shallow longitudinal grooves 8 and a thin central axial channel 9 . These elements facilitate heating the air that passes over the hot surface of the rod as the smoker draws on the cigarette during the smoking experience.
  • the fuel element 7 is surrounded by insulating material 10 comprising particles of a CO catalyst 11 .
  • the insulating material 10 may be co-extensive with the fuel element 7 (i.e. the ends of the fuel element 7 may be flush with the ends of the insulating material 10 ).
  • the insulating material 10 maybe shorter than the fuel element 7 , or it may be longer than the fuel element 7 .
  • the fuel element 7 may be approximately 2 mm in diameter and approximately 12 mm in length.
  • the insulating material 10 is at least about 0.5 mm thick, preferably at least about 1 mm thick, and more preferably between about 1.5 to 2 mm thick.
  • the insulating material 10 may be formed from a sol-gel, aerogel, foamed ceramic or such like.
  • the insulating material 10 is not formed from glass fibres or filaments.
  • the insulating material 10 serves to buffer the heat between the fuel element 7 and periphery, and also between the fuel element 7 and adjacent tobacco section (not shown). It also holds the fuel element 7 in place.
  • Suitable CO catalysts include metals, metal salts, metal oxides or combinations thereof.
  • the metal may be aluminium, copper, iron, nickel, zinc, zirconium, a transition metal, lanthanide metal or actinide metal.
  • the metal may be a precious metal such as ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum, silver or gold.
  • Exemplary metal salts include citrates, nitrates, sulphates, cyanates, hydrides, amides, thiolates, carbonates, halides and such like.
  • Preferred metal oxides are iron oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide and cerium oxide, the latter being particularly preferred.
  • Preferred metal halides are platinum chloride and palladium chloride. Mixtures of such catalysts may be used.
  • the catalyst may be placed on a support or carrier made of graphite, activated carbon, copper oxide, alumina or titania, for example.
  • the carrier may be
  • the loading being from about 0.1% to about 10%, based on the total dry weight of the coated support or carrier.
  • the catalyst may be provided in the form of coarse, fine or ultrafine particles.
  • Coarse particles are particles having a diameter of about 2.5 ⁇ m to about 200 ⁇ m.
  • Fine particles are particles having a diameter of about 100 nm to about 2.5 ⁇ m.
  • Ultrafine particles are particles having a diameter of less than about 100 nm.
  • the particles have an average particle size of between about 1 nm and 100 ⁇ m, for example, between about 10 nm to about 10 ⁇ m.
  • Particles of catalyst may be obtained commercially.
  • One aspect of the present invention relates to adding a CO catalyst to the insulating material as it is manufactured.
  • the manufacture of insulating materials composed of sol-gels, aerogels or foamed ceramics is known.
  • the catalyst may be added to the insulating material in dry powder form, or in solution or colloidal form, by direct mixing with the insulating material mix.
  • the catalyst may be added at the start of and/or during the mixing process.
  • the catalyst may be co-extruded with the insulating material.
  • the insulating material may be manufactured prior to incorporation of the catalyst.
  • the pre-formed insulating material can be coated, sprayed or immersed in a catalyst provided in a suitable form.
  • the catalyst can be applied to the insulating material just prior to inclusion of the latter in an HNB product.
  • the catalyst can be randomly or essentially homogenously distributed within the insulating material.
  • the catalyst may be added to the insulating material in any suitable amount.
  • the amount can range from about 0.1 mg to about 500 mg in an HNB product of the present invention.
  • at least 1 mg, and often at least 5 mg, catalyst will be present in an HNB product of the present invention.
  • the catalyst may be present in an HNB product of the present invention in an amount of from about 5 mg to about 20 mg.
  • the amount of catalyst present in the HNB product may exceed about 20 mg, about 50 mg, about 100 mg, about 200 mg, about 300 mg or even about 400 mg.
  • the catalyst may comprise up to 75% (w/w) of the resulting mixture, for example, it may comprise up to 60%, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20% or 10% (w/w) of the resulting mixture. As a minimum, the mixture may comprise at least 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% or 60% (w/w) catalyst.
  • the catalyst is preferably added to the insulating material in an active form, that is to say, it is preferably not added as an inactive precursor.
  • the catalyst preferably does not depend upon the heat generated by the fuel element in the HNB product, when in use, for its activation.
  • the insulating material may be multi-layered.
  • the CO catalyst may be added to one, two, three or more layers.
  • the innermost layer may comprise a CO catalyst, while the remaining layers do not.
  • each layer may comprise a different CO catalyst.
  • a suitable amount of insulating material comprising the catalyst may be wrapped around a suitably sized fuel element.
  • the insulating material and fuel element may be co-extruded in a continuous extrusion process, the extruded rod being divided into appropriately-sized shorter segments thereafter. Suitable procedures will be known to the skilled person.
  • the insulated fuel element can then be juxtaposed to a rod of tobacco material.
  • Any tobacco material may be used.
  • the tobacco rod may contain one or more different tobacco sections.
  • a first section may comprise shredded reconstituted tobacco containing a suitable aerosol-forming substance (such as glycerine, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol or other polyhydric alcohol), and a second section may contain blended tobacco.
  • a heated aerosol generated in the first section may thus be directed downstream over the second section, which delivers tobacco flavour and nicotine to the heated aerosol.
  • the aerosol will thus contain the taste and flavours of tobacco without the numerous combustion products produced by a conventional cigarette.
  • At least one of the tobacco sections may be foil-wrapped, to aid the downstream passage of the aerosol.
  • the tobacco rod can be juxtaposed to a filter element or mouthpiece. If a filter is included, it may consist of a bundle of cellulose acetate fibres, paper or other suitable filtration material, as per conventional cigarettes.
  • a circumscribing outer overwrap is subsequently applied to the combined segments, to produce the finished HNB product.
  • cigarette components for example, additives such as flavourants, humectants, binders and adhesives
  • component designs for example, ventilated filters
  • design configurations and formats are envisaged and included herein.
  • the smoker lights the distal end of an HNB product of the invention, such that the fuel element begins to burn.
  • An aerosol may be generated by this burning process, and/or the heat generated by the burning fuel element may be passed to an adjacent tobacco section by conduction, convection or such like, for an aerosol to be formed there.
  • the hot aerosol is swept through one or more downstream tobacco sections, to extract the volatile components from the tobacco, without combustion or substantial pyrolysis.
  • Volatalised components, such as flavour and nicotine thus become entrained in the air that is drawn through the one or more tobacco segments.
  • the aerosol subsequently passes through a filter section or mouthpiece at the buccal end of the HNB product, and into the mouth of the smoker.
  • the HNB product yields visible mainstream aerosol that resembles the mainstream smoke of a conventional cigarette.
  • the CO catalysts catalyse the oxidation of CO in the hot air or aerosol as it passes over the fuel element and into the downstream section(s) of the HNB product, thereby reducing the amount of CO present in the combustion gases produced by burning of the fuel element.
  • the amount of CO reduction achieved in an HNB product of the invention is greater than has traditionally been achieved with known HNB products.
  • a method for reducing the amount of CO present in an aerosol produced by an HNB smoking article comprises incorporating a CO catalyst into the insulating material that circumscribes the fuel element in the HNB smoking article.
  • the insulating material and catalyst are as described herein.
  • glass fibre is not likely to be a good material for insulating the fuel element in the presence of a CO catalyst, as the inclusion of other materials within the glass fibre would change its structural properties.
  • CO catalysts are more effective when they are placed in close proximity to the fuel element because the catalysts are most efficient at high temperatures (above approximately 200° C.). Indeed, it has been found that CO catalysts are less effective if used in other parts of the smoking article away from the fuel element.
  • a further advantage of placing the CO catalyst within the insulating layer is that the catalyst will not be destroyed by the combustion process, as will likely be the case for catalysts added to a fuel cell as described in WO 2007/108878. Efficiency of the catalyst in oxidising CO is therefore maintained throughout the smoking experience.
  • the insulating materials preferably used in the present invention may additionally lower the peripheral temperature of the smoking article beyond that traditionally achieved in known HNB products.
  • Traditional insulating materials such as glass fibre, allow the peripheral temperature to reach 400° C. or so.
  • the present invention permits a lower peripheral temperature than this to be achieved, which may reduce the associated safety risks.
  • Smoking articles of the present invention can be packaged for distribution, sale and use.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
US14/371,967 2012-01-13 2013-01-11 Smoking article Abandoned US20140356607A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1200558.3 2012-01-13
GBGB1200558.3A GB201200558D0 (en) 2012-01-13 2012-01-13 Smoking article
PCT/GB2013/050050 WO2013104914A1 (en) 2012-01-13 2013-01-11 Smoking article

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US20140356607A1 true US20140356607A1 (en) 2014-12-04

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US (1) US20140356607A1 (de)
EP (2) EP2802226B1 (de)
JP (2) JP6163497B2 (de)
KR (1) KR20140117530A (de)
CN (1) CN104066346A (de)
AU (1) AU2013208779A1 (de)
BR (1) BR112014017247A2 (de)
CA (1) CA2857588A1 (de)
GB (1) GB201200558D0 (de)
HK (1) HK1198877A1 (de)
RU (1) RU2611262C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2013104914A1 (de)

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