US20140319839A1 - Wave power plant - Google Patents

Wave power plant Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140319839A1
US20140319839A1 US14/357,645 US201214357645A US2014319839A1 US 20140319839 A1 US20140319839 A1 US 20140319839A1 US 201214357645 A US201214357645 A US 201214357645A US 2014319839 A1 US2014319839 A1 US 2014319839A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
wave
power plant
rotator
wave power
gyro
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/357,645
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English (en)
Inventor
Heikki Paakkinen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wello Oy
Original Assignee
Wello Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wello Oy filed Critical Wello Oy
Publication of US20140319839A1 publication Critical patent/US20140319839A1/en
Assigned to WELLO OY reassignment WELLO OY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PAAKKINEN, HEIKKI
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
    • E02B9/08—Tide or wave power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/20—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" wherein both members, i.e. wom and rem are movable relative to the sea bed or shore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
    • F03G7/08—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for recovering energy derived from swinging, rolling, pitching or like movements, e.g. from the vibrations of a machine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wave power plant, comprising a floating body and means for converting the wave energy received by the body into electric power.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide an improved wave power plant by means of which the output of the wave power plant can be increased and its operational preconditions in varying wave conditions can be improved.
  • the wave power plant according to the present invention is characterised in that the body is a mainly vertical wall, which is for the most part below the water level W, but with its upper part above the water level, and the front side of the cross-section of the body opposite to the main incoming direction of the waves is designed to slant forward and upwards in its upper part and to slant backwards and downwards in its lower part, in such a way that the propagating wave meets the upper and lower part wave at different stages, whereby the lower part tends to move mainly in the opposite direction with respect to the upper part.
  • the body forms a gently sloping letter S in cross-section, where the end parts of the S settle in a basically horizontal position.
  • the terms vertical and horizontal refer to the position of the body in a state where the body is essentially stationary in calm water. When in operation, the body is on average inclined in the incoming direction of the waves.
  • the body of the wave power plant is preferably dimensioned in such a way that its draught is 0.5 ⁇ the length of the smallest functional wave desired.
  • the upper surface of the body is preferably closed and even.
  • the forces and movements are opposite in the upper and lower part of the device, thus generating a large movement and high force used further to produce electric power, for example by means of a rotator/gyratory generator, which is rotated by utilising gravitation and gyro force.
  • a rotator/gyratory generator which is rotated by utilising gravitation and gyro force.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic oblique front view of the body of the wave power plant according to one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows an oblique rear view of the body according to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a diagrammatic view in principle of an implementation of power plant units positioned in the body.
  • FIGS. 1 to 2 show a diagrammatic view in principle of a preferred embodiment of the body 1 of the wave power plant.
  • the body 1 is a wall which is mainly vertical, or when in operation, inclined on average in the incoming direction of the wave, and which is for the most part below the water level W, but with its upper part above the water level.
  • the wall-type shape and mainly vertical or inclined position of the body converts the flow energy of the waves into kinetic energy of the body efficiently and over a large surface area.
  • the draught of the body 1 is preferably dimensioned to correspond to 0.5 ⁇ the length of the smallest functional wave desired, thus equalling the movement of the said wave in the vertical direction.
  • the upper part 11 of the front side of the body 1 opposite to the main incoming direction A of the waves is designed to curve forward and the lower part 12 to curve backwards, thus forming a gently sloping letter S in cross-section, in such a way that the propagating wave meets the upper and lower part wave at different stages, whereby as the wave propagates, the upper end and lower end of the device are mostly at different stages of the wave. In these areas are then generated forces and movement in opposite directions due to buoyancy and the kinetic movement (flow) of the wave. In a small wave, there is practically no wave motion in the lower part of the device, whereupon the stationary water resists the movement of this part.
  • the purpose of the design of the upper part is that the variation in buoyancy caused by the vertical movement of the wave together with the pressure variation caused by the kinetic movement will move it in stages in different directions: up, to the rear, down and to the front.
  • the force generated by this kinetic pressure change (flow) moves it mainly in the opposite direction compared to the upper part.
  • the upper surface 16 of the body 1 is made closed.
  • Reference numeral 13 designates the location of a power plant unit described in greater detail, for example, in connection with FIG. 3 , of which units there are two in the embodiment shown.
  • the anchoring is preferably fixed to a low-movement position 33 on the lower part of the device, whereby the anchor forces and movements are easy to control.
  • the anchor force participates in bringing about the movement of the body/generating the force and its energy is recovered.
  • the anchoring is implemented with weights 30 suspended below the device.
  • the weights are arranged transversely extending elongated anchoring means 31 which are connected to the bottom of the installation site of the wave power plant. The weights give the anchoring flexibility and form a lower pivot 32 for the system in big waves.
  • the pivot is at the anchoring attachment point 33 on the body.
  • the system adjusts to the energies generated by waves of different sizes.
  • the movements in the system are very small and also the variations in force remain moderate.
  • the weights of the anchoring may also have, for example, a flat or disciform shape, which enhances the utilisation of the anchor force in creating movement and producing energy.
  • the anchoring weights 30 are preferably hollow, for example, filled partly with concrete and partly with air, whereby they float during transport. When the cavity is filled with water, the weights sink and at the same time pull the floating power plant into the correct position. When the device is removed, the cavities of the weights are filled with air, whereby they will again float to facilitate transport. The power plant itself will then also rise close to the surface, into a horizontal position, in which case the draught is small, thus facilitating, for example, docking.
  • the anchor forces are utilised in energy production. The force is mainly opposite to the direction of movement (force) of the upper front part of the body, whereby it enhances energy production for its part.
  • the interface of the electric cable (not shown) with the body is preferably also located in a low-movement position in the vicinity of the anchoring point and led to the bottom of the sea following the anchor lines to minimise movements, where its wear is slight.
  • the device may be made large because its width is selectable.
  • the output is as high as several megawatts, the irregularity of the wave forming a certain limit to the width of the body.
  • the height of the device may be, for example, within the range from 10 to 40 m, preferably about 15 to 25 m, and the length, for example, within the range from 30 to 100 m, preferably about 50 to 75 m.
  • the counterforce of the wave force in generating the torque is gravitation and gyro force. Gravitation and gyro force alternate and occur simultaneously.
  • the forces used to produce electricity are internal to the closed body. This makes possible a simple mechanism which is protected from the marine atmosphere and sea water. There are no moving mechanisms outside the closed body.
  • the dimensions of the device in elevation and in the lateral direction are large compared to the size of the wave, whereby the opposite stages in the wave can be utilised.
  • the device utilises simultaneously the changing buoyancy and the kinetic energy of the wave in all directions.
  • the device preferably has a beaching ramp for safely receiving a service boat.
  • a beaching ramp for safely receiving a service boat.
  • Backwards from the upper part of the ramp extends a floating rope which is used via a winch to facilitate beaching.
  • a shield 34 On the incoming direction side of the wave, in front of the ramp, is a shield 34 through which a service entrance is provided.
  • a water tank 14 in the lower part of the body is provided a water tank 14 , by means of which the floating position can be adjusted.
  • the water tank 14 When transported to the site, the tank is empty and the device floats on its face and low.
  • the water tank 14 may have a round cross-section, its axis being horizontal in the longitudinal direction, that is, perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave. In this way it will not form significant inertia or use energy. When the device rolls with the wave, the water in the tank will not follow to any significant degree.
  • the fringe side of the middle section of the body is convex and designed in such a way that when the device moves with the wave, the rear side will not “form” a wave, that is, it will not transfer energy back to the water.
  • the end areas of the body are flat, thus utilising the suction of the wave circulating the device. This enlarges the capture width.
  • the system according to the present invention adapts as a whole to the motions of waves of different sizes so that the system will not have to resist the high forces of wave motions.
  • the wave power plant comprises an elongated floating body 1 which rolls to and fro around the elongated roll axis B of the body.
  • the incoming direction A of the waves is perpendicular to the roll axis B of the body 1 .
  • the body 1 therefore, rolls to and fro with respect to one axis B.
  • On the body are positioned two or more power plant units which convert wave energy into electricity.
  • Both power plant units comprise a rotator 3 which rotates on average around a mainly vertical rotator shaft 2 .
  • the rotator 3 comprises a gyro 5 which rotates on average around a mainly horizontal gyro shaft 4 .
  • the gyro 5 and the gyro shaft 4 rotate around the rotator shaft 2 with the rotator 3 .
  • the generator 6 is connected to rotate together with the gyro.
  • the rotator 3 comprises a mass M, the centre of gravity of which is at a distance from the rotator shaft 2 , whereupon when the body inclines, the mass M and gyro 5 alternately generate a parallel torque on the rotator 3 , as described in greater detail below.
  • the mass M is connected to the rotator shaft 2 with an arm 10 essentially parallel to the axis of rotation 4 of the gyro.
  • the gyro 5 and the generator 6 form the dead mass M partly or completely.
  • the generator 6 is located on the gyro shaft 4 or connected to be driven by the gyro shaft.
  • the outer end of the rotator 3 which is far from the rotator shaft 2 , is provided with a small wheel 8 on which the outer end of the rotator rests and which rotates without sliding along a circular track 9 which surrounds the rotator shaft 2 coaxially.
  • the wheel 8 , the gyro 5 and the generator 6 are connected to rotate together. They may be on the same shaft or connected with appropriate transmission ratios to one another.
  • the speed of rotation of the gyro is constant with respect to the speed of rotation of the rotator 3 around the rotator shaft 2 and correspondingly constant with respect to the period of the waves.
  • the gyro 5 and the generator 6 may be located close to the outer end of the rotator, whereby they form an essential part of the mass M which rotates the rotator on the basis of gravity, when the mass attempts to move in the direction in which the body is inclined.
  • the moment of momentum of the rotating gyro 5 also generates a torque enhancing the rotation of the rotator 3 when the rolling of the body 1 turns the gyro shaft 4 , whereupon the precession force generates a torque in the rotator, the direction of which is at a 90 degree angle to the direction of turning.
  • the direction of rotation of the gyro must be such that the gyro, as it were, rotates/advances in the direction of rotation of the rotator.
  • the rotator When the angle of inclination of the body 1 is at its largest and its rolling direction turns, the rotator preferably has the direction shown in FIG. 3 , which is the same as the direction of the roll axis B.
  • the angle between the direction of the rotator and direction of inclination of the body that is, the so-called phase lag is 90 degrees.
  • the rotator is at a 90 degree lag (behind) with respect to the inclination of the body.
  • the mass M then gives the best torque due to the effect of gravity.
  • the gyro 5 does not affect the torque of the rotator 3 on the track 9 plane at this stage, because the roll axis B and the gyro shaft 4 are parallel.
  • the rolling motion turns the gyro shaft increasingly faster.
  • the change of direction of the gyro shaft 4 is at its fastest when the shaft 4 is perpendicular to the roll axis B, whereupon the moment of the gyro force pushes the rotator with its maximum force in the direction of the track 9 .
  • the rolling motion of the body is then at its fastest and the plane of the track is essentially horizontal. In that case, the mass M does not increase the torque.
  • the torques of the gyro force and the mass therefore, alternate at 90 degree angular intervals and are, respectively, at their maximum at angular intervals of 180 degrees, that is, both twice during one revolution of the rotator.
  • phase lag is adjusted to 90 degrees.
  • the moment produced by the mass and the moment produced by the gyro on the rotator is proportional to the sine of the phase lag.
  • the phase lag can be adjusted by adjusting the generator 6 load.
  • its output can be adapted to the output of the wave available by varying the phase lag between 0 to 90 degrees, and in addition by adjusting the speed of rotation of the gyro.
  • the vertical axis of the rotator/gyro generator can be placed slightly inclined in the incoming direction of the wave, whereby the accelerations of the up-and-down motion caused by the wave take part in generating the torque.
  • the means for converting the wave energy received by the body into electric power are preferably located in the lower rear part of the body, in the vicinity of the roll axis.
  • An alternative location for these means is in the upper part of the body, whereupon in addition to the said gravitational force and gyro force, the accelerations complying with the rolling of the body produce an additional moment on the rotator.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
US14/357,645 2011-11-17 2012-10-15 Wave power plant Abandoned US20140319839A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20116151 2011-11-17
FI20116151A FI123295B (fi) 2011-11-17 2011-11-17 Aaltovoimala
PCT/FI2012/050984 WO2013072551A1 (en) 2011-11-17 2012-10-15 Wave power plant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20140319839A1 true US20140319839A1 (en) 2014-10-30

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/357,645 Abandoned US20140319839A1 (en) 2011-11-17 2012-10-15 Wave power plant
US14/394,721 Active 2033-06-01 US9447770B2 (en) 2011-11-17 2013-04-12 Method for converting the energy of water waves into electricity by means of a wave power plant and a wave power plant

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/394,721 Active 2033-06-01 US9447770B2 (en) 2011-11-17 2013-04-12 Method for converting the energy of water waves into electricity by means of a wave power plant and a wave power plant

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US20140319839A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2780580A4 (de)
JP (1) JP2014533793A (de)
CL (1) CL2014001295A1 (de)
FI (2) FI123295B (de)
WO (1) WO2013072551A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2521631B (en) * 2013-12-23 2017-10-11 Tidal Generation Ltd Water current power generation systems
US10253747B2 (en) 2017-09-05 2019-04-09 Vladimir Shepsis Energy generation from water waves and storage of energy
CN111846181B (zh) * 2020-06-22 2022-09-23 上海矶怃科技有限公司 一种使用陀螺惯性海浪发电装置的无人船艇

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US4170954A (en) * 1975-06-27 1979-10-16 Victor Rinaldi Semi-submersible vessel
US4208876A (en) * 1977-11-08 1980-06-24 Junjiro Tsubota Apparatus for obtaining useful work from wave energy
US4266143A (en) * 1979-09-19 1981-05-05 Ng Ting F Apparatus for producing electrical energy from ocean waves
US6109029A (en) * 1997-01-29 2000-08-29 Vowles; Alan Keith Wave energy converter
US20060150626A1 (en) * 2003-04-25 2006-07-13 Rauno Koivusaari Production installation
US20100132353A1 (en) * 2005-10-10 2010-06-03 Hugh-Peter Granville Kelly Float for Sea Wave Energy Conversion Plant
US7989975B2 (en) * 2004-10-15 2011-08-02 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (Cnrs) Apparatus for converting wave energy into electric power
US20130009402A1 (en) * 2010-03-18 2013-01-10 Williams Arthur R Wave-energy converter
US8915077B2 (en) * 2008-09-26 2014-12-23 Wello Oy Wave power plant

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FR2378958A1 (fr) * 1976-11-20 1978-08-25 Hook Clyde Appareil propre a recuperer l'energie des vagues et/ou de la maree
US4110630A (en) * 1977-04-01 1978-08-29 Hendel Frank J Wave powered electric generator
FR2499161A2 (fr) * 1979-04-26 1982-08-06 Rodriguez Andre Dispositif flottant transformant le mouvement ondulatoire de la houle marine en energie utilisable industriellement
US4352023A (en) * 1981-01-07 1982-09-28 Sachs Herbert K Mechanism for generating power from wave motion on a body of water
GB8711618D0 (en) * 1987-05-16 1987-06-24 Cranston W B Wave energy
GB9021969D0 (en) 1990-10-09 1990-11-21 Greer Robin Apparatus for extracting energy from an oscillating energy source
SE505711C2 (sv) 1994-08-31 1997-09-29 Rolf Borrud Anordning vid aggregat för tillvaratagande utav energi
EP1384824B1 (de) 2001-03-26 2006-05-24 Japan Science and Technology Corporation Kreiselwellenaktivierter energieerzeuger und diesen verwendende wellenunterdrückungsvorrichtung
GB2410299B (en) 2004-01-22 2007-07-11 Thomas Tsoi Hei Ma Ocean power converter
JP4469620B2 (ja) 2004-01-23 2010-05-26 博 神吉 ジャイロ式波力発電装置
US7375436B1 (en) * 2004-11-12 2008-05-20 Aaron Goldin Gyroscope-based electricity generator
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US7845880B2 (en) * 2008-10-09 2010-12-07 Rodney Ashby Rasmussen Systems and methods for harnessing wave energy
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4170954A (en) * 1975-06-27 1979-10-16 Victor Rinaldi Semi-submersible vessel
US4208876A (en) * 1977-11-08 1980-06-24 Junjiro Tsubota Apparatus for obtaining useful work from wave energy
US4266143A (en) * 1979-09-19 1981-05-05 Ng Ting F Apparatus for producing electrical energy from ocean waves
US6109029A (en) * 1997-01-29 2000-08-29 Vowles; Alan Keith Wave energy converter
US20060150626A1 (en) * 2003-04-25 2006-07-13 Rauno Koivusaari Production installation
US7989975B2 (en) * 2004-10-15 2011-08-02 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (Cnrs) Apparatus for converting wave energy into electric power
US20100132353A1 (en) * 2005-10-10 2010-06-03 Hugh-Peter Granville Kelly Float for Sea Wave Energy Conversion Plant
US8915077B2 (en) * 2008-09-26 2014-12-23 Wello Oy Wave power plant
US20130009402A1 (en) * 2010-03-18 2013-01-10 Williams Arthur R Wave-energy converter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20150069760A1 (en) 2015-03-12
EP2780580A4 (de) 2015-10-21
FI125302B (fi) 2015-08-31
US9447770B2 (en) 2016-09-20
WO2013072551A1 (en) 2013-05-23
FI20116151A (fi) 2013-02-15
EP2780580A1 (de) 2014-09-24
FI123295B (fi) 2013-02-15
CL2014001295A1 (es) 2014-11-28
JP2014533793A (ja) 2014-12-15
FI20125413A (fi) 2013-05-18

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AS Assignment

Owner name: WELLO OY, FINLAND

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PAAKKINEN, HEIKKI;REEL/FRAME:037307/0257

Effective date: 20140527

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION