US20140318625A1 - Conductive polymer comprising 3,6-carbazole and organic solar cell using same - Google Patents
Conductive polymer comprising 3,6-carbazole and organic solar cell using same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20140318625A1 US20140318625A1 US14/235,731 US201114235731A US2014318625A1 US 20140318625 A1 US20140318625 A1 US 20140318625A1 US 201114235731 A US201114235731 A US 201114235731A US 2014318625 A1 US2014318625 A1 US 2014318625A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- solar cell
- photoelectric conversion
- organic solar
- copolymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003860 C1-C20 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003184 C60 fullerene group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 55
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 0 C.C.[1*]N1C2=C(C=C([Y]C)C=C2)C2=C1/C=C\C([Y]CC)=C/2 Chemical compound C.C.[1*]N1C2=C(C=C([Y]C)C=C2)C2=C1/C=C\C([Y]CC)=C/2 0.000 description 17
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- -1 and as one example Substances 0.000 description 13
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1 QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000370 acceptor Substances 0.000 description 9
- XKBGEWXEAPTVCK-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyltrioctylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC XKBGEWXEAPTVCK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013086 organic photovoltaic Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 5
- DVUVKWLUHXXIHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraazanium;tetrahydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-] DVUVKWLUHXXIHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000144 PEDOT:PSS Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001894 space-charge-limited current method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NYKWYYFAGIRRTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N BrC1=CC=C(C2=CC=C(C3=CC=C(Br)S3)C3=NSN=C23)S1.CCCCCCCCC(CCCCCCCC)N1C2=C(C=C(C3=CC=C(C4=CC=C(C5=CC=C(C)S5)C5=NSN=C45)S3)C=C2)C2=C1/C=C\C(C1=CC=C(C3=CC=C(C4=CC=C(C5=C/C6=C(\C=C/5)C5=C(C=C(C)C=C5)C6(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC)S4)C4=NSN=C34)S1)=C/2.CCCCCCCCC(CCCCCCCC)N1C2=CC=C(B3OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O3)C=C2C2=C1/C=C\C(B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1)=C/2.CCCCCCCCC1(CCCCCCCC)C2=C(C=CC(B3OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O3)=C2)C2=C1/C=C(B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1)\C=C/2 Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C(C2=CC=C(C3=CC=C(Br)S3)C3=NSN=C23)S1.CCCCCCCCC(CCCCCCCC)N1C2=C(C=C(C3=CC=C(C4=CC=C(C5=CC=C(C)S5)C5=NSN=C45)S3)C=C2)C2=C1/C=C\C(C1=CC=C(C3=CC=C(C4=CC=C(C5=C/C6=C(\C=C/5)C5=C(C=C(C)C=C5)C6(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC)S4)C4=NSN=C34)S1)=C/2.CCCCCCCCC(CCCCCCCC)N1C2=CC=C(B3OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O3)C=C2C2=C1/C=C\C(B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1)=C/2.CCCCCCCCC1(CCCCCCCC)C2=C(C=CC(B3OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O3)=C2)C2=C1/C=C(B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1)\C=C/2 NYKWYYFAGIRRTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFVPVPDTVORFHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCC1(CCCCCCCC)C2=C(C=CC(C)=C2)C2=C1/C=C(C1=CC=C(C3=CC=C(C4=CC=C(C)S4)C4=NSN=C34)S1)\C=C/2 Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1(CCCCCCCC)C2=C(C=CC(C)=C2)C2=C1/C=C(C1=CC=C(C3=CC=C(C4=CC=C(C)S4)C4=NSN=C34)S1)\C=C/2 GFVPVPDTVORFHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000882 Ca alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006694 SnO2—Sb2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCEWYIDBDVPMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N [60]pcbm Chemical compound C123C(C4=C5C6=C7C8=C9C%10=C%11C%12=C%13C%14=C%15C%16=C%17C%18=C(C=%19C=%20C%18=C%18C%16=C%13C%13=C%11C9=C9C7=C(C=%20C9=C%13%18)C(C7=%19)=C96)C6=C%11C%17=C%15C%13=C%15C%14=C%12C%12=C%10C%10=C85)=C9C7=C6C2=C%11C%13=C2C%15=C%12C%10=C4C23C1(CCCC(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 MCEWYIDBDVPMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012776 electronic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- QZQVBEXLDFYHSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ga]O[Ga]=O QZQVBEXLDFYHSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011970 polystyrene sulfonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002796 polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/151—Copolymers
-
- H01L51/0043—
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/122—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides
- C08G61/123—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/122—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides
- C08G61/123—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds
- C08G61/124—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds with a five-membered ring containing one nitrogen atom in the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/122—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides
- C08G61/123—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds
- C08G61/126—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds with a five-membered ring containing one sulfur atom in the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
-
- H01L51/4253—
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/30—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising bulk heterojunctions, e.g. interpenetrating networks of donor and acceptor material domains
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
- H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/10—Definition of the polymer structure
- C08G2261/12—Copolymers
- C08G2261/124—Copolymers alternating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/30—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/32—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating heteroaromatic structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/322—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating heteroaromatic structural elements in the main chain non-condensed
- C08G2261/3223—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating heteroaromatic structural elements in the main chain non-condensed containing one or more sulfur atoms as the only heteroatom, e.g. thiophene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/30—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/32—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating heteroaromatic structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/324—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating heteroaromatic structural elements in the main chain condensed
- C08G2261/3241—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating heteroaromatic structural elements in the main chain condensed containing one or more nitrogen atoms as the only heteroatom, e.g. carbazole
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/30—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/32—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating heteroaromatic structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/324—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating heteroaromatic structural elements in the main chain condensed
- C08G2261/3246—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating heteroaromatic structural elements in the main chain condensed containing nitrogen and sulfur as heteroatoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/40—Polymerisation processes
- C08G2261/41—Organometallic coupling reactions
- C08G2261/411—Suzuki reactions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/90—Applications
- C08G2261/91—Photovoltaic applications
-
- H01L51/0046—
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K2102/10—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene
- H10K2102/101—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene comprising transparent conductive oxides [TCO]
- H10K2102/103—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene comprising transparent conductive oxides [TCO] comprising indium oxides, e.g. ITO
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/50—Photovoltaic [PV] devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
- H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
- H10K85/1135—Polyethylene dioxythiophene [PEDOT]; Derivatives thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/20—Carbon compounds, e.g. carbon nanotubes or fullerenes
- H10K85/211—Fullerenes, e.g. C60
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a conductive polymer containing 3,6-carbazole and an organic solar cell device using this conductive polymer as a photoelectric conversion material, and in particular, relates to preparing a conductive polymer that has improved hole mobility by adding more than a certain amount of 3,6-carbazole to the conductive polymer, and an organic solar cell device that improves energy conversion efficiency by using this conductive polymer as a photoelectric conversion material.
- a solar cell using an organic polymer is a heterojunction thin film device in which a light-absorbing organic polymer and a C 60 fullerene derivative or C 70 fullerene derivative having high electron affinity are mixed, and uses indium tin oxide (ITO), which is a transparent electrode, as an anode, and a metal electrode such as an A1 electrode, which has low work function, as a cathode. Electron-hole pairs or excitons are formed when a photoactive layer formed with an organic polymer absorbs light.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- Korean Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2010-0111767 disclosed a conductive polymer that includes 2,7-carbazole in the main chain and an organic solar cell using this conductive polymer.
- An objective is to improve the efficiency of the solar cell by the conductive polymer that includes 2,7-carbazole in the main chain improving the light absorption and the hole mobility.
- the hole mobility are relatively low compared to the electron mobility, therefore, there have been a problem that luminous efficiency is not readily improved.
- An objective of the present invention is to provide a novel conductive copolymer that can prepare a highly efficient solar cell in which the hole mobility is similar to the electron mobility.
- Another objective of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient solar cell in which the hole mobility is similar to the electron mobility, and a preparation method thereof.
- Still another objective of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient photoelectric conversion device in which the hole mobility is correspondently high compared to the electron mobility, and a preparation method thereof.
- the present invention provides a copolymer containing a 3,6-carbazole group represented by the following Chemical Formula 1.
- Y is an electron acceptor
- X is an electron donor
- R 1 is independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, C 3 -C 20 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 20 heterocycloalkyl, C 1 -C 20 aryl, C 1 -C 20 heteroaryl, CN, C(O)R, or C(O)OR and R is independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 heterocycloalkyl, C 1 -C 20 aryl or C 1 -C 20 heteroaryl.
- l+m 1 in a molar fraction and m has a range of 0.01 ⁇ m ⁇ 0.9, the molecular weight has a range of 5,000 ⁇ Mn ⁇ 100,000, and the degree of polymerization preferably ranges from 5 to 200.
- the copolymer of Chemical Formula 1 is a conductive copolymer, and has a structure in which a bonding structure of 3,6-carbazole having high hole mobility and an electron acceptor (Y) is irregularly arranged in an electron acceptor (Y)-electron donor (X) bonding structure as a second electron donor.
- the electron acceptor (Y) and the electron donor (X) typical electron acceptors and electron donors known in organic solar cells may be used.
- the electron acceptor Y is a carbon-based aromatic compound having 10 or more carbon atoms, or a heterogeneous aromatic compound including sulfur, phosphorous, nitrogen or selenium, and may have a substituent capable of increasing the solubility of the polymer.
- the electron acceptor (Y) one, two or more types may be selected among the compounds of the following Chemical Formula (2), and used.
- R 4 or R 5 is C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, C 3 -C 20 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 20 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, CN, C(O)R or C(O)OR, and R is C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl.
- the preferable electron donor X one, two or more types among the compounds of the following Chemical Formula (3) may be used.
- R 2 or R 3 is C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, C 3 -C 20 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 20 heterocycloalkyl, C 1 -C 20 aryl, C 1 -C 20 heteroaryl, CN, C(O)R or C(O)OR, and R is C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 heterocycloalkyl, C 1 -C 20 aryl or C 1 -C 20 heteroaryl.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides an organic solar cell using a conductive copolymer containing a 3,6-carbazole group.
- an organic solar cell in one preferable example includes a substrate, a first electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer and a second electrode, and in the photoelectric conversion layer, a conductive polymer containing a 3,6-carbazole group represented by Chemical Formula 1 is used as an electron donor, and a C 60 fullerene derivative or a C 70 fullerene derivative may be mixed thereto as an electron acceptor.
- a buffer layer may be further introduced between the photoelectric conversion layer and the first electrode, and an electron transfer layer, a hole blocking layer or an optical space layer may be further introduced between the photoelectric conversion layer and the second electrode.
- Transparent materials are preferable as the substrate, and as one example, glass, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthelate (PEN), polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PI), triacetyl cellulose (TAC) or the like may be used.
- the first electrode may be formed by either applying transparent materials or by coating in the form of a film using methods such as sputtering or spin coating on one surface of the substrate.
- the first electrode is a part functioning as an anode, and materials thereof are not particularly limited as long as the material has transparency and conductivity with small work function compared to the second electrode, and preferable examples thereof include indium-tin oxide (ITO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO), ZnO—(Ga 2 O 3 or Al 2 O 3 ), SnO 2 —Sb 2 O 3 , and the like, and more preferably, ITO is used.
- ITO indium-tin oxide
- FTO fluorine doped tin oxide
- ZnO—(Ga 2 O 3 or Al 2 O 3 ), SnO 2 —Sb 2 O 3 , and the like and more preferably, ITO is used.
- PEDOT:PSS polystyrenesulfonate doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)
- a conductive polymer containing a 3,6-carbazole group represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a C 60 fullerene derivative or a C 70 fullerene derivative be mixed in the mixing ratio ranging from 1:0.5 to 1:4 in a weight ratio.
- the fullerene derivative is mixed in less than 0.5 weight ratio with respect to the conductive polymer containing carbazole of the present invention, the content of the crystallized fullerene derivative is insufficient, which causes difficulties in the movement of the generated electrons, and when mixed in greater than 4 weight ratio, the amount of the light-absorbing conductive polymer relatively decreases, therefore, efficient absorption of light cannot be accomplished, which is not preferable.
- the solution in which the photoelectric conversion material is dissolved is formed as the photoelectric conversion layer to a thickness of approximately 70 nm or more, and preferably ranging from 80 to 200 nm by being applied or coated using one method selected from a spin coating method, a screen printing method, an inkjet printing method and a doctor blade method.
- the second electrode may be laminated on the photoelectric conversion layer by vacuum thermal depositing a metal material such as aluminum to a thickness of 100 to 200 nm on the photoelectric conversion layer under vacuum.
- the material that can be used as the second electrode includes gold, aluminum, copper, silver or alloys thereof, a calcium/aluminum alloy, a magnesium/silver alloy, and the like.
- Still another aspect of the present invention provides a photoelectric conversion material for an organic photovoltaic device, an organic light emitting diode or an organic thin film transistor, which includes a conductive polymer containing a 3,6-carbazole group represented by Chemical Formula 1, and an electron acceptor such as a C 60 fullerene derivative or a C 70 fullerene derivative.
- efficiency improvement of a device can be accomplished by adding a small amount of 3,6-carbazole having favorable hole mobility to all conductive copolymers used in various types of existing photoelectric conversion devices.
- a conductive polymer in which the carbazole compound of the present invention is introduced can be used as an electron donor in an organic photovoltaic device, and can be also used in various areas of organic electronic materials of an organic thin film transistor (OTFT), an organic light emitting diode (OLED), and the like.
- OTFT organic thin film transistor
- OLED organic light emitting diode
- FIG. 1 is a graph comparing hole conductivity according to one example of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a current-voltage graph according to one example of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a graph comparing electron-hole mobility according to one example of the present invention.
- the hole mobility of each of the obtained materials, Product 1 and Product 2 was measured using Space Charge Limited Current (SCLC).
- SCLC Space Charge Limited Current
- the measured hole mobility of Polymer was 1.2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 cm 2 V ⁇ 1 s ⁇ 1
- the measured hole mobility of Polymer 2 was 3.2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 cm 2 V ⁇ 1 s ⁇ 1 .
- FIG. 1 that shows the hole mobility of Polymer 1 and Polymer 2 by a diagram
- Polymer 1 has hole conductivity approximately 10 times larger than Polymer 2.
- the mixture was reacted for 2 hours at 110° C. in a microreactor. After the polymerization was complete, the result was polymerized using phenylboronic acid (10 mg) and bromobenzene (1 ml). The reaction product was poured into methanol (200 ml), the precipitate was filtered and then extracted with acetone and hexane/chloroform, and a dark purple solid (220 mg, 99%), was obtained.
- An organic photovoltaic device was manufactured using the materials described above as an active layer.
- a substrate on which an indium tin oxide layer was applied was cleaned with a cotton swab using 2-propanol, and then cleaned with ethanol, acetone and 2-propanol for 15 minutes each in consecutive order using an ultrasonicator. After that, the substrate was treated for approximately 120 seconds using an ozone/ultraviolet light device.
- PEDOT:PSS poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(4-styrenesulfonate)
- Examples 1 to 4 (Polymer 3 to Polymer 6), in which the polymer was prepared containing 3,6-carbazole, had 88%, 96%, 65% and 57% improved efficiency, respectively, compared to Comparative Example 1 (Polymer 7), in which the polymer did not contain 3,6-carbazole.
- the mixture was reacted for 48 hours at 85° C. After the polymerization was complete, the result was polymerized using phenylboronic acid (10 mg) and bromobenzene (1 ml).
- the reaction product was poured into methanol (200 ml), the precipitate was filtered and then extracted with acetone and hexane/chloroform, and 148 mg of was obtained.
- Example 6 Polymer 9) and Example 7 (Polymer 10), in which the polymer contained a small amount of 3,6-carbazole, had 20% and 23% improved efficiency compared to Comparative Example 3 (Polymer 8) and Comparative Example 4 (Polymer 10), respectively, in which the polymer did not contain 3,6-carbazole.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Polyoxymethylene Polymers And Polymers With Carbon-To-Carbon Bonds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a conductive polymer containing 3,6-carbazole and an organic solar cell device using this conductive polymer as a photoelectric conversion material, and in particular, relates to preparing a conductive polymer that has improved hole mobility by adding more than a certain amount of 3,6-carbazole to the conductive polymer, and an organic solar cell device that improves energy conversion efficiency by using this conductive polymer as a photoelectric conversion material.
- Studies on solar cells using an organic polymer have been extensively carried out since Heeger of UCSB first showed the possibility of a solar cell using an organic polymer in 1992. A solar cell using an organic polymer is a heterojunction thin film device in which a light-absorbing organic polymer and a C60 fullerene derivative or C70 fullerene derivative having high electron affinity are mixed, and uses indium tin oxide (ITO), which is a transparent electrode, as an anode, and a metal electrode such as an A1 electrode, which has low work function, as a cathode. Electron-hole pairs or excitons are formed when a photoactive layer formed with an organic polymer absorbs light. These electron-hole pairs or excitons move to the interface of the copolymer and the C60 fullerene derivative or C70 fullerene derivative, are separated into electrons and holes, and then the electrons move to the metal electrode and the holes move to the transparent electrode resulting in the generation of electrons. Currently, the efficiency of an organic polymer thin film solar cell using an organic polymer reaches 6.5 to 7.0% (Science, 2007, 307, 222-225).
- However, current efficiency of organic polymer solar cells is still low compared to the maximum efficiency (˜39%) of solar cells using silicon. Therefore, there have been demands for the development of organic polymer solar cells having higher efficiency.
- Recently, Korean Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2010-0111767 disclosed a conductive polymer that includes 2,7-carbazole in the main chain and an organic solar cell using this conductive polymer. An objective is to improve the efficiency of the solar cell by the conductive polymer that includes 2,7-carbazole in the main chain improving the light absorption and the hole mobility. However, despite the use of 2,7-carbazole, the hole mobility are relatively low compared to the electron mobility, therefore, there have been a problem that luminous efficiency is not readily improved.
- An objective of the present invention is to provide a novel conductive copolymer that can prepare a highly efficient solar cell in which the hole mobility is similar to the electron mobility.
- Another objective of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient solar cell in which the hole mobility is similar to the electron mobility, and a preparation method thereof.
- Still another objective of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient photoelectric conversion device in which the hole mobility is correspondently high compared to the electron mobility, and a preparation method thereof.
- The present invention provides a copolymer containing a 3,6-carbazole group represented by the following Chemical Formula 1.
- Herein, Y is an electron acceptor, X is an electron donor, and R1 is independently hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C3-C20 cycloalkyl, C1-C20 heterocycloalkyl, C1-C20 aryl, C1-C20 heteroaryl, CN, C(O)R, or C(O)OR and R is independently hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 heterocycloalkyl, C1-C20 aryl or C1-C20 heteroaryl. For l and m, l+m=1 in a molar fraction and m has a range of 0.01≦m≦0.9, the molecular weight has a range of 5,000≦Mn≦100,000, and the degree of polymerization preferably ranges from 5 to 200.
- In the present invention, when the content of the 3,6-carbazole group is excessive, it is difficult to expect high light absorption of the conductive polymer due to the characteristics of a carbazole group having relatively low absorbance. Therefore m preferably has a range of 0.01≦m≦0.7, more preferably has a range of 0.01≦m≦0.5, and most preferably has a range of 0.01≦m≦0.1.
- In the present invention, the copolymer of Chemical Formula 1 is a conductive copolymer, and has a structure in which a bonding structure of 3,6-carbazole having high hole mobility and an electron acceptor (Y) is irregularly arranged in an electron acceptor (Y)-electron donor (X) bonding structure as a second electron donor.
- In the present invention, as the electron acceptor (Y) and the electron donor (X), typical electron acceptors and electron donors known in organic solar cells may be used. In the present invention, the electron acceptor Y is a carbon-based aromatic compound having 10 or more carbon atoms, or a heterogeneous aromatic compound including sulfur, phosphorous, nitrogen or selenium, and may have a substituent capable of increasing the solubility of the polymer. In preferable embodiments of the present invention, as the electron acceptor (Y), one, two or more types may be selected among the compounds of the following Chemical Formula (2), and used.
- Herein, R4 or R5 is C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C3-C20 cycloalkyl, C1-C20 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, CN, C(O)R or C(O)OR, and R is C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl.
- In the present invention, as the preferable electron donor X, one, two or more types among the compounds of the following Chemical Formula (3) may be used.
- Herein, R2 or R3 is C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C3-C20 cycloalkyl, C1-C20 heterocycloalkyl, C1-C20 aryl, C1-C20 heteroaryl, CN, C(O)R or C(O)OR, and R is C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 heterocycloalkyl, C1-C20 aryl or C1-C20 heteroaryl.
- Although it is not limited theoretically, hole mobility significantly increases when 3,6-carbazole is introduced since a nitrogen atom, which stabilizes holes, is included in the conjugation of the main chain (Macromolecules 2011, 44(7), 1909-1919), and as a result, the efficiency of a solar cell increases since the hole mobility and the electron mobility of the organic thin film solar cell are balanced. This phenomenon cannot be expected for existing copolymers that includes 2,7-carbazole since a nitrogen atom is not included in the conjugation when the 2,7-carbazole is included in the main chain.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides an organic solar cell using a conductive copolymer containing a 3,6-carbazole group.
- As in Korean Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2010-0111767, which is introduced as a reference document in the present invention, an organic solar cell in one preferable example includes a substrate, a first electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer and a second electrode, and in the photoelectric conversion layer, a conductive polymer containing a 3,6-carbazole group represented by Chemical Formula 1 is used as an electron donor, and a C60 fullerene derivative or a C70 fullerene derivative may be mixed thereto as an electron acceptor. A buffer layer may be further introduced between the photoelectric conversion layer and the first electrode, and an electron transfer layer, a hole blocking layer or an optical space layer may be further introduced between the photoelectric conversion layer and the second electrode.
- Transparent materials are preferable as the substrate, and as one example, glass, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthelate (PEN), polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PI), triacetyl cellulose (TAC) or the like may be used. In addition, the first electrode may be formed by either applying transparent materials or by coating in the form of a film using methods such as sputtering or spin coating on one surface of the substrate. The first electrode is a part functioning as an anode, and materials thereof are not particularly limited as long as the material has transparency and conductivity with small work function compared to the second electrode, and preferable examples thereof include indium-tin oxide (ITO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO), ZnO—(Ga2O3 or Al2O3), SnO2—Sb2O3, and the like, and more preferably, ITO is used. As the buffer layer formed on the first electrode, polystyrenesulfonate doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) [PEDOT:PSS] may be used, and may be introduced to further improve the hole mobility.
- As the photoelectric conversion material of the photoelectric conversion layer, it is preferable that a conductive polymer containing a 3,6-carbazole group represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a C60 fullerene derivative or a C70 fullerene derivative be mixed in the mixing ratio ranging from 1:0.5 to 1:4 in a weight ratio. At this time, when the fullerene derivative is mixed in less than 0.5 weight ratio with respect to the conductive polymer containing carbazole of the present invention, the content of the crystallized fullerene derivative is insufficient, which causes difficulties in the movement of the generated electrons, and when mixed in greater than 4 weight ratio, the amount of the light-absorbing conductive polymer relatively decreases, therefore, efficient absorption of light cannot be accomplished, which is not preferable. The solution in which the photoelectric conversion material is dissolved is formed as the photoelectric conversion layer to a thickness of approximately 70 nm or more, and preferably ranging from 80 to 200 nm by being applied or coated using one method selected from a spin coating method, a screen printing method, an inkjet printing method and a doctor blade method. The second electrode may be laminated on the photoelectric conversion layer by vacuum thermal depositing a metal material such as aluminum to a thickness of 100 to 200 nm on the photoelectric conversion layer under vacuum. The material that can be used as the second electrode includes gold, aluminum, copper, silver or alloys thereof, a calcium/aluminum alloy, a magnesium/silver alloy, and the like.
- Still another aspect of the present invention provides a photoelectric conversion material for an organic photovoltaic device, an organic light emitting diode or an organic thin film transistor, which includes a conductive polymer containing a 3,6-carbazole group represented by Chemical Formula 1, and an electron acceptor such as a C60 fullerene derivative or a C70 fullerene derivative.
- First, in the present invention, efficiency improvement of a device can be accomplished by adding a small amount of 3,6-carbazole having favorable hole mobility to all conductive copolymers used in various types of existing photoelectric conversion devices.
- Second, a conductive polymer in which the carbazole compound of the present invention is introduced can be used as an electron donor in an organic photovoltaic device, and can be also used in various areas of organic electronic materials of an organic thin film transistor (OTFT), an organic light emitting diode (OLED), and the like.
- Third, by providing an organic photovoltaic device that uses the conductive polymer, in which the carbazole compound of the present invention is introduced, as an electron donor, high photoelectric conversion efficiency of an organic thin film solar cell can be accomplished.
-
FIG. 1 is a graph comparing hole conductivity according to one example of the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a current-voltage graph according to one example of the present invention. -
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing electron-hole mobility according to one example of the present invention. - Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the following examples are for illustrative purposes only, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
-
- As in Reaction Formula (1), after 3,6-bis(4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-1′,3′,2′-dioxaborolan-2′-yl)-N-9″-heptadecanylcarbazole (200 mg, 0.304 mmol) and 4,7-di(2′-bromothien-5′-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (139 mg, 0.304 mmol) were dissolved in dried toluene (10 ml), 20% tetraammonium hydroxide solution (3 ml), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (5 mg) and 4 drops of Aliquat 336 were added thereto. The mixture was reacted for 48 hours at 85° C. After the polymerization was complete, the result was polymerized using phenylboronic acid (10 mg) and bromobenzene (1 ml). The reaction product was poured into methanol (200 ml), the precipitate was filtered and then extracted with acetone and hexane/chloroform, and 95.2 mg of
Polymer 1, which was a product, was obtained. - Mn=4,500, Mw=6,100, PDI=1.36
- 1H-NMR (500 MHz, 130° C., ODCB-d4, ppm): δ 8.53-7.01 (m, 12H); 4.58 (br, 1H); 2.31 (br, 2H); 2.00 (br, 2H); 1.18 (br, 24H); 0.77 (m, 6H).
- In addition, as in Reaction Formula (2), after 2,7-bis(4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-1′,3′,2′-dioxaborolan-2′-yl)-N-9″-heptadecanylcarbazole (200 mg, 0.304 mmol) and 4,7-di(2′-bromothien-5′-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (139 mg, 0.304 mmol) were dissolved in dried toluene (10 ml), 20% tetraammonium hydroxide solution (3 ml), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (5 mg) and 4 drops of Aliquat 336 were added thereto. The mixture was reacted for 48 hours at 85° C. After the polymerization was complete, the result was polymerized using phenylboronic acid (10 mg) and bromobenzene (1 ml). The reaction product was poured into methanol (200 ml), the precipitate was filtered and then extracted with acetone and hexane/chloroform, and 148 mg of
Polymer 2, which was a product, was obtained. - Mn=21,000, Mw=38,500, PDI=1.83
- 1H-NMR (500 MHz, 130° C., ODCB-d4, ppm): δ 8.11 (d, J=3.5 Hz, 2H); 8.02 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H); 7.94 (br, 2H); 7.75 (br, 2H); 7.56 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H); 7.45 (d, J=4.0 Hz, 2H); 4.73 (br, 1H); 2.42 (br, 2H); 2.05 (br, 2H); 1.23 (br, 8H); 1.22 (br, 16H); 0.71 (t, J=6.5 Hz, 6H)
- The hole mobility of each of the obtained materials,
Product 1 andProduct 2, was measured using Space Charge Limited Current (SCLC). The measured hole mobility of Polymer was 1.2×10−5 cm2V−1s−1, and the measured hole mobility ofPolymer 2 was 3.2×10−6 cm2V−1s−1. As inFIG. 1 that shows the hole mobility ofPolymer 1 andPolymer 2 by a diagram,Polymer 1 has hole conductivity approximately 10 times larger thanPolymer 2. -
- In a microwave reaction vial, 3,6-bis(4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-1′,3′,2′-dioxaborolan-2′-yl)-N-9″-heptadecanylcarbazole (10.5 mg, 0.016 mmol), 2,7-bis(4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-1′,3′,2′-dioxaborolan-2′-yl)-9,9-dioctyl-9H-fluorene (181 mg, 0.314 mmol) and 4,7-di(2′-bromothien-5′-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (143 mg, 0.31 mmol) were placed in dried toluene (3 ml) and 20% aqueous solution of Et4NOH. Catalyst tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (5 mg) and 4 drops of Aliquat 336 were added thereto, the mixture was reacted for 2 hours at 110° C. in a microreactor, and
Polymer 3, which was a dark purple solid powder (220 mg, 99%), was obtained. - Mn=14,500, Mw=42,300, PDI=2.92
- NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, ppm): δ 8.15-6.99 (m, 12H); 2.04 (br, 3H); 1.53 (br, 2H); 1.25 (br, 19H); 0.80 (br, 9H).
- In a microwave reaction vial, 3,6-bis(4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-1′,3′,2′-dioxaborolan-2′-yl)-N-9″-heptadecanylcarbazole (21 mg, 0.03 mmol), 2,7-bis(4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-1′,3′,2′-dioxaborolan-2′-yl)-9,9-dioctyl-9H-fluorene (161 mg, 0.28 mmol) and 4,7-di(2′-bromothien-5′-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (143 mg, 0.31 mmol) were placed, and were reacted as in Example 1, and Polymer 4, which was a dark purple solid (220 mg, 99%), was obtained.
- Mn=9,400, Mw=15,400, PDI=1.64
- 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, ppm): δ 8.56-1.26 (m, 24H); 4.62 (br, 1H); 3.40 (m, 2H); 2.85 (s, 2H); 2.37 (m, 3H); 2.02 (m, 7H); 1.52 (br, 11H); 1.25 (br, 31H); 0.82 (br, 12H).
- In a microwave reaction vial, 3,6-bis(4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-1′,3′,2′-dioxaborolan-2′-yl)-N-9″-heptadecanylcarbazole (42 mg, 0.064 mmol), 2,7-bis(4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-1′,3′,2′-dioxaborolan-2′-yl)-9,9-dioctyl-9H-fluorene (147 mg, 0.256 mmol) and 4,7-di(2′-bromothien-5′-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (143 mg, 0.31 mmol) were placed, and were reacted as in Example 1, and Polymer 5, which was a dark purple solid (210 mg, 94%), was obtained.
- Mn=6,000, Mw=9,200, PDI=1.53
- 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, ppm): δ 8.47-6.98 (m, 15H); 4.56 (br, 1H); 2.34 (br, 2H); 2.03 (br, 3H); 1.54 (br, 6H); 1.23 (br, 24H); 0.86 (br, 8H).
- In a microwave reaction vial, 3,6-bis(4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-1′,3′,2′-dioxaborolan-2′-yl)-N-9″-heptadecanylcarbazole (102 mg, 0.16 mmol), 2,7-bis(4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-1′,3′,2′-dioxaborolan-2′-yl)-9,9-dioctyl-9H-fluorene (100 mg, 0.16 mmol) and 4,7-di(2′-bromothien-5′-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (143 mg, 0.31 mmol) were placed, and were reacted as in Example 1, and Polymer 6, which was a dark purple solid (210 mg, 94%), was obtained.
- Mn=6,000, Mw=9,200, PDI=1.53
- 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, ppm): δ 8.47-6.98 (m, 15H); 4.56 (br, 1H); 2.34 (br, 2H); 2.03 (br, 3H); 1.54 (br, 6H); 1.23 (br, 24H); 0.86 (br, 8H).
-
- In a microwave reaction vial, after (4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-1′,3′,2′-dioxaborolan-2′-yl)-9,9-dioctyl-9H-fluorene (200 mg, 0.31 mmol) and 4,7-di(2′-bromothien-5′-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (143 mg, 0.31 mmol) were dissolved in dried toluene (10 ml), 20% tetraammonium hydroxide solution (3 ml), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (5 mg) and 4 drops of Aliquat 336 were added thereto. The mixture was reacted for 2 hours at 110° C. in a microreactor. After the polymerization was complete, the result was polymerized using phenylboronic acid (10 mg) and bromobenzene (1 ml). The reaction product was poured into methanol (200 ml), the precipitate was filtered and then extracted with acetone and hexane/chloroform, and a dark purple solid (220 mg, 99%), was obtained.
- Mn=18,400, Mw=43,400, PDI=2.36
- 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, ppm): δ 8.13-6.66 (m, 12H); 2.05 (br, 2H); 1.56 (br, 7H); 1.24 (br, 3H); 1.09 (br, 12H); 0.88 (m, 2H); 0.75 (br, 5H).
- An organic photovoltaic device was manufactured using the materials described above as an active layer. First, a substrate on which an indium tin oxide layer was applied was cleaned with a cotton swab using 2-propanol, and then cleaned with ethanol, acetone and 2-propanol for 15 minutes each in consecutive order using an ultrasonicator. After that, the substrate was treated for approximately 120 seconds using an ozone/ultraviolet light device.
- Next, a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) polymer and 2-propanol were mixed in the ratio of 1:2 and filtered, and then deposited at 4000 rpm for 60 seconds in a spin coater, and after that, dried in an oven at 150° C. for approximately 10 minutes.
- Next, a portion on which the active layer would not be deposited was cleaned using a cotton swab soaked in water, and after that, the polymerized polymer as above and C60-PCBM were mixed in the ratio of 1:4, and 1 ml of dichlorobenzene was added thereto. The result was mixed for approximately 12 to 15 hours at 60 to 80° C. and filtered, and then deposited at 600 rpm for 40 seconds in a spin coater, and the device manufactured above was dried again for 30 minutes. After that, a portion that would not be used as the active layer was cleaned using a cotton swab soaked in chloroform. Next, an aluminum electrode was deposited at 5×10−6 torr using a vacuum deposition apparatus. Lastly, annealing up was carried out at a proper temperature. Hole mobility, Jsc, Voc, FF and PEC were measured for the manufactured device, and results thereof are shown in the following Table 1.
-
TABLE 1 Mn Hole mobility Jsc Voc FF PCE Category Polymer (g/mol)a PDI (cm2V−1s−1) (mA/cm2) (V) (%) (%) Example 1 Polymer 311,400 2.92 3.5 × 10−6 11.6 1.0 42.4 4.9 Example 2 Polymer 4 14,500 1.64 4.1 × 10−6 11.8 1.0 43.1 5.1 Example 3 Polymer 5 8,283 1.41 4.3 × 10−6 9.8 0.98 44.3 4.3 Example 4 Polymer 6 9,400 1.53 1.0 × 10−5 11.0 0.92 40.3 4.1 Comparative Polymer 7 18,400 2.16 2.7 × 10−6 8.7 0.85 35.4 2.6 Example 1 Comparative Polymer 1 4,500 1.09 1.2 × 10−5 — — — — Example 2 - As seen in the results of Table 1, Examples 1 to 4 (
Polymer 3 to Polymer 6), in which the polymer was prepared containing 3,6-carbazole, had 88%, 96%, 65% and 57% improved efficiency, respectively, compared to Comparative Example 1 (Polymer 7), in which the polymer did not contain 3,6-carbazole. - As seen in
FIG. 3 , and Table 2 that compares the mobility after mixing with PCBM, these results show that, by adding a small amount of 3,6-carbazole having favorable hole mobility to the polymer of Comparative Example 1 (Polymer 7) having unbalanced electron and hole mobility, the hole mobility was improved, and photoelectric conversion efficiency was also improved by achieving balanced electron and hole mobility. -
TABLE 2 Category Mobility e/h Comparative Electron Mobility 6.21 × 10−4 126 Example 1 Hole Mobility 4.92 × 10−6 Example 2 Electron Mobility 2.86 × 10−4 1.2 Hole Mobility 2.35 × 10−4 -
- After 2,7-bis(4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-1′,3′,2′-dioxaborolan-2′-yl)-9,9-dioctyl-9H-dibenzylsilole (200 mg, 0.304 mmol) and 4,7-di(2′-bromothien-5′-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (139 mg, 0.304 mmol) were dissolved in dried toluene (10 ml), 20% tetraammonium hydroxide solution (3 ml), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (5 mg) and 4 drops of Aliquat 336 were added thereto. The mixture was reacted for 48 hours at 85° C. After the polymerization was complete, the result was polymerized using phenylboronic acid (10 mg) and bromobenzene (1 ml). The reaction product was poured into methanol (200 ml), the precipitate was filtered and then extracted with acetone and hexane/chloroform, and 148 mg of was obtained.
- As in the following Reaction Formula 5, in a microwave reaction vial, after 3,6-bis(4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-1′,3′,2′-dioxaborolan-2′-yl)-N-9″-heptadecanylcarbazole (21 mg, 0.03 mmol), 2,7-bis(4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-1′,3′,2′-dioxaborolan-2′-yl)-9,9-dioctyl-9H-dibenzylsilole (162.8 mg, 0.280 mmol) and 4,7-di(2′-bromothien-5′-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (143 mg, 0.31 mmol) were placed in dried toluene (3 ml) and 20% aqueous solution of Et4NOH. Catalyst tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (5 mg) and 4 drops of Aliquat 336 were added thereto, the mixture was reacted for 2 hours at 110° C. in a microreactor, and a dark purple solid powder (221 mg), was obtained.
-
- As in Reaction Formula (6), after 2,6-bis(4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-1′,3′,2′-dioxaborolan-2′-yl)-4,4-dioctyl-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b′]dithiophene (200 mg, 0.305 mmol) and 3,6-bis(5-bromo-thiophen-2-yl)-2,5-bis-(2-ethyl-hexyl)-2,5-dihydro-pyrrole[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione (207 mg, 0.305 mmol) were dissolved in dried toluene (10 ml), 20% tetraammonium hydroxide solution (3 ml), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (5 mg) and 4 drops of Aliquat 336 were added thereto. The mixture was reacted for 48 hours at 85° C. After the polymerization was complete, the result was polymerized using phenylboronic acid (10 mg) and bromobenzene (1 ml). The reaction product was poured into methanol (200 ml), the precipitate was filtered and then extracted with acetone and hexane/chloroform, and 256 mg of Polymer 9 was obtained.
-
- In a microwave reaction vial, after 3,6-bis(4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-1′,3′,2′-dioxaborolan-2′-yl)-N-9″-heptadecanylcarbazole (21 mg, 0.03 mmol), 2,6-bis(4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-1′,3′,2′-dioxaborolan-2′-yl)-4,4-dioctyl-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b′]dithiophene (200 mg, 0.27 mmol) and 3,6-bis(5-bromo-thiophen-2-yl)-2,5-bis-(2-ethyl-hexyl)-2,5-dihydro-pyrrole[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione (207 mg, 0.305 mmol) were placed in dried toluene (3 ml) and 20% aqueous solution of Et4NOH.
- Catalyst tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (5 mg) and 4 drops of Aliquat 336 were added thereto, the mixture was reacted for 2 hours at 110° C. in a microreactor, and a dark purple solid powder (221 mg), was obtained.
- Using the same method as in the manufacture of the organic solar cell and characteristics measurements thereof, an organic photovoltaic device was manufactured using the materials of Example 5 (Polymer 9), Example 6 (Polymer 11), Comparative Example 3 (Polymer 8) and Comparative Example 4 (Polymer 10) as the active payer. Jsc, Voc, FF and PEC were measured for the manufactured device, and results thereof are shown in the following Table 3.
-
TABLE 3 Jsc Mn (mA/ Voc FF PCE Category Polymer (g/mol)a PDI cm2) (V) (%) (%) Comparative Polymer 20,400 2.31 7.4 0.58 0.63 2.7 Example 3 8 Example 5 Polymer 15,400 3.02 8.9 0.59 0.61 3.2 9 Comparative Polymer 13,300 1.44 4.9 0.55 0.57 1.6 Example 4 10 Example 6 Polymer 9,700 1.63 6.5 0.55 0.50 1.8 11 - As seen in Table 3, Example 6 (Polymer 9) and Example 7 (Polymer 10), in which the polymer contained a small amount of 3,6-carbazole, had 20% and 23% improved efficiency compared to Comparative Example 3 (Polymer 8) and Comparative Example 4 (Polymer 10), respectively, in which the polymer did not contain 3,6-carbazole.
Claims (14)
1. A copolymer comprising a 3,6-carbazole group represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:
wherein, Y is an electron acceptor;
X is an electron donor;
Y is represented by the following Chemical Formula:
R1 to R5 are independently hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C3-C20 cycloalkyl, C1-C20 heterocycloalkyl, C1-C20 aryl, C1-C20 heteroaryl, CN, C(O)R or C(O)OR, and R is independently hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl;
for l and m, l+m=1 in a molar fraction and m has a range of 0.01≦m≦0.9; and
the molecular weight has a range of 5,000≦Mn≦100,000.
2. (canceled)
3. (canceled)
4. (canceled)
5. The copolymer of claim 1 , wherein m has a range of 0.01≦m≦0.7.
6. The copolymer of claim 1 , wherein m has a range of 0.01≦m≦0.1, and the copolymer is a conductive copolymer.
7.
8. An organic solar cell comprising a photoelectric conversion layer,
wherein the photoelectric conversion layer comprise an electron acceptor; and a conductive polymer is a copolymer containing a 3,6-carbazole group represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:
wherein, Y is an electron acceptor;
X is an electron donor;
Y is represented by the following Chemical Formula:
R1 to R5 are independently hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C3-C20 cycloalkyl, C1-C20 heterocycloalkyl, C1-C20 aryl, C1-C20 heteroaryl, CN, C(O)R or C(O)OR, and R is independently hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl;
for l and m, l+m=1 in a molar fraction and m has a range of 0.01≦m≦0.7; and
a degree of polymerization that ranges from 5 to 200.
9. The organic solar cell of claim 8 , wherein m has a range of 0.01≦m≦0.1.
10. The organic solar cell of claim 8 , wherein the electron acceptor is a C60 fullerene derivative or a C70 fullerene derivative.
11. The organic solar cell of claim 8 , comprising:
a substrate;
a first electrode formed on the substrate,
a photoelectric conversion layer formed on the first electrode; and
a second electrode formed on the photoelectric conversion layer.
12. The organic solar cell of claim 8 , wherein m has a range of 0.01≦m≦0.1.
13. A photoelectric conversion device, comprising a photoelectric conversion material,
wherein the photoelectric conversion material includes the conductive copolymer of claim 1 .
14. The photoelectric conversion device of claim 13 , which is an organic solar cell, a photovoltaic device, an organic light emitting diode or an organic thin film transistor.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2011-0077495 | 2011-08-03 | ||
KR20110077495 | 2011-08-03 | ||
PCT/KR2011/006322 WO2013018951A1 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2011-08-26 | Conductive polymer comprising 3,6-carbazole and organic solar cell using same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20140318625A1 true US20140318625A1 (en) | 2014-10-30 |
Family
ID=47626164
Family Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/235,731 Abandoned US20140318625A1 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2011-08-26 | Conductive polymer comprising 3,6-carbazole and organic solar cell using same |
US13/566,837 Active US8912308B2 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2012-08-03 | Copolymer, organic solar cell using the same and manufacturing method thereof |
US13/566,846 Abandoned US20130056073A1 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2012-08-03 | Copolymer, organic solar cell using the same and manufacturing method thereof |
US13/566,818 Active US8921506B2 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2012-08-03 | Copolymer, organic solar cell using the same and manufacturing method thereof |
Family Applications After (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/566,837 Active US8912308B2 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2012-08-03 | Copolymer, organic solar cell using the same and manufacturing method thereof |
US13/566,846 Abandoned US20130056073A1 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2012-08-03 | Copolymer, organic solar cell using the same and manufacturing method thereof |
US13/566,818 Active US8921506B2 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2012-08-03 | Copolymer, organic solar cell using the same and manufacturing method thereof |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (4) | US20140318625A1 (en) |
KR (3) | KR101407098B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013018951A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20140318625A1 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2014-10-30 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Conductive polymer comprising 3,6-carbazole and organic solar cell using same |
CN103280530B (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2015-11-18 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of organic solar batteries and preparation method thereof |
KR101666700B1 (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2016-10-17 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Polymer and organic solar cell comprising the same |
EP3009463A4 (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2016-12-07 | Lg Chemical Ltd | Copolymer and organic solar cell comprising same |
CN105431467B (en) | 2013-07-31 | 2018-07-03 | 株式会社Lg化学 | Copolymer and the organic solar batteries for including it |
KR101638220B1 (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2016-07-08 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Copolymer and organic solar cell comprising the same |
US9777108B2 (en) | 2013-09-16 | 2017-10-03 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Copolymer and organic solar cell comprising same |
CN103483560B (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-12-02 | 武汉工程大学 | A kind of 2,1,3-diazosulfide 1,4-Dithiapentalene derives conjugated polymers and the synthetic method thereof of bromo-derivative and carbazole |
KR101664533B1 (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2016-10-10 | 단국대학교 산학협력단 | Novel thiophene derivatives, manufacturing method thereof and organic solar cell containing the same |
JP6174803B2 (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2017-08-02 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | Copolymer and organic solar cell including the same |
JP6408023B2 (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2018-10-17 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | Polymer and organic solar cell including the same |
TWI553036B (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2016-10-11 | Lg化學股份有限公司 | Copolymer and organic solar cell comprising the same |
KR101687807B1 (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2017-01-02 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Ink composition for use in manufacturing of solar cell and method for producing solar cell using the same |
KR101729236B1 (en) | 2015-06-01 | 2017-04-21 | (주)노터스생명과학 | TLR7 agonist agent for treatment and prevention of liver disease |
KR101968899B1 (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2019-04-15 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Copolymer and organic solar cell comprising the same |
KR20160141683A (en) | 2016-09-21 | 2016-12-09 | (주)노터스생명과학 | TLR7 agonist agent for treatment and prevention of liver disease |
KR20170010887A (en) | 2017-01-20 | 2017-02-01 | (주)노터스생명과학 | TLR7 agonist agent for treatment and prevention of liver disease |
KR101902129B1 (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2018-09-28 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Heterocyclic compound and organic electronic device comprising the same |
KR102626760B1 (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2024-01-19 | 한국과학기술원 | Polymer donor for organic solar cell and organic solar cell including the same |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6309763B1 (en) | 1997-05-21 | 2001-10-30 | The Dow Chemical Company | Fluorene-containing polymers and electroluminescent devices therefrom |
US6630254B2 (en) * | 2001-04-10 | 2003-10-07 | National Research Council Of Canada | Conjugated polycarbazole derivatives in Organic Light Emitting Diodes |
JP5090746B2 (en) | 2007-01-19 | 2012-12-05 | 株式会社ツジデン | Carbazole-based random copolymer |
KR20100037403A (en) | 2008-10-01 | 2010-04-09 | (주)매트릭스 | Green color polymer, the method of synthesizing thereof, the color conversion liquid using thereof, the color conversion filter using thereof, and the method of producing color conversion filter |
CA2744544A1 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2010-06-03 | University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Black soluble conjugated polymers with high charge carrier mobilities |
KR101102079B1 (en) | 2009-04-08 | 2012-01-04 | 한국화학연구원 | Polymers incorporating carbazole derivatives and organic photovoltaic devices using them |
CN101875716B (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2012-01-11 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Block conjugated polymer, preparation method thereof and use thereof |
KR20110072529A (en) | 2009-12-23 | 2011-06-29 | 부산대학교 산학협력단 | Novel copolymers with cyano groups in vinylene units |
US20140318625A1 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2014-10-30 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Conductive polymer comprising 3,6-carbazole and organic solar cell using same |
JP2014185193A (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2014-10-02 | Lg Chem Ltd | Copolymer, organic solar cell using the same and manufacturing method thereof |
-
2011
- 2011-08-26 US US14/235,731 patent/US20140318625A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-08-26 WO PCT/KR2011/006322 patent/WO2013018951A1/en active Application Filing
-
2012
- 2012-08-03 US US13/566,837 patent/US8912308B2/en active Active
- 2012-08-03 KR KR1020120085431A patent/KR101407098B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2012-08-03 US US13/566,846 patent/US20130056073A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-08-03 KR KR1020120085429A patent/KR101340737B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2012-08-03 US US13/566,818 patent/US8921506B2/en active Active
- 2012-08-03 KR KR1020120085430A patent/KR101407138B1/en active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
Fu et al. (Macromolecules 2012, 45, 3004-3009) * |
Fu et al. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A: POLYMER CHEMISTRY 2011, 49, 4368-4378 * |
Hou et al. (Advanced Materials Research Vols. 197-198 (2011) pp 1221-1224) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR101407098B1 (en) | 2014-06-17 |
US20130056072A1 (en) | 2013-03-07 |
WO2013018951A1 (en) | 2013-02-07 |
KR20130016130A (en) | 2013-02-14 |
KR20130016132A (en) | 2013-02-14 |
KR101407138B1 (en) | 2014-06-20 |
KR101340737B1 (en) | 2013-12-12 |
US20130056073A1 (en) | 2013-03-07 |
US20130032209A1 (en) | 2013-02-07 |
US8921506B2 (en) | 2014-12-30 |
KR20130016131A (en) | 2013-02-14 |
US8912308B2 (en) | 2014-12-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20140318625A1 (en) | Conductive polymer comprising 3,6-carbazole and organic solar cell using same | |
US8519068B2 (en) | Conductive polymer containing carbazole, and organic photovoltaic device using same | |
US10411190B2 (en) | Organic semiconducting compounds | |
Kim et al. | Easily attainable phenothiazine-based polymers for polymer solar cells: advantage of insertion of S, S-dioxides into its polymer for inverted structure solar cells | |
US8895693B2 (en) | Electron-donating polymers and organic solar cells including the same | |
US8901415B2 (en) | Conducting polymer to which pyrene compounds are introduced, and organic solar cell using same | |
US10032983B2 (en) | Electron transfer composition for use in an electron injection layer for organic electronic devices | |
US20190214581A1 (en) | Organic semiconducting compounds | |
US8865860B2 (en) | Electron donating polymer and solar cell including the same | |
US9112156B2 (en) | Electron donating polymers and organic solar cells including the same | |
US11713371B2 (en) | Polar functional group-partially introduced polymer, preparation method therefor, and organic electronic element containing same | |
WO2011113194A1 (en) | Cyclopentadienedithiophene-quinoxaline conjugated polymer and preparation method and uses thereof | |
US9112155B2 (en) | Electron donating polymer and organic solar cell including the same | |
US20220376181A1 (en) | Organic semiconductor device | |
US20150194608A1 (en) | Building block for low bandgap conjugated polymers | |
KR20110062295A (en) | Conducting polymer incorporating with dithiophene-thiazolothiazole derivatives, organic photoelectric device using it and organic solar cell | |
US20200203614A1 (en) | Organic semiconducting polymer | |
EP3323871A2 (en) | Organic hole transporting compound using p-doped conjugated polymer electrolyte, organic electronic device using same, and manufacturing method therefor | |
US9663612B2 (en) | Process of manufacturing and applications of a multi-component benzo[1,2-B:4,5-B] dithiphene-thienothiophene randomly substituted conjugated polymers for organic solar cells | |
KR102091018B1 (en) | Novel compound and organic electronic device using them | |
US8941007B2 (en) | Electron donating polymer and organic solar cell including the same | |
KR20200045318A (en) | Novel polymer and organic electronic device containing the same | |
KR101633261B1 (en) | Conductive polymer and organic solar cell including the same | |
KR20110105523A (en) | Donor-acceptor type conducting polymer, organic photoelectric device using it and organic solar cell | |
Oh et al. | Synthesis of fluorene-based semiconducting copolymers for organic solar cells |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: LG CHEM, LTD., KOREA, REPUBLIC OF Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:PARK, TAIHO;LEE, GANG-YOUNG;IM, MINJEONG;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:032869/0778 Effective date: 20140203 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |