US20140255160A1 - Hydro Turbine - Google Patents

Hydro Turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140255160A1
US20140255160A1 US14/045,807 US201314045807A US2014255160A1 US 20140255160 A1 US20140255160 A1 US 20140255160A1 US 201314045807 A US201314045807 A US 201314045807A US 2014255160 A1 US2014255160 A1 US 2014255160A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
annular wheel
blades
blade
wheel discs
center shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US14/045,807
Inventor
Dong Lin
Changzheng HUANG
Zhenghan CHEN
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Hangzhou LHD Institute of New Energy LLC
Original Assignee
Hangzhou LHD Institute of New Energy LLC
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Filing date
Publication date
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Assigned to HANGZHOU LHD INSTITUTE OF NEW ENERGY, LLC reassignment HANGZHOU LHD INSTITUTE OF NEW ENERGY, LLC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CHEN, Zhenghan, HUANG, Changzheng, LIN, DONG
Publication of US20140255160A1 publication Critical patent/US20140255160A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F03B17/063—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having no movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
    • F01D1/04—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines traversed by the working-fluid substantially axially
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • F03B13/264—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy using the horizontal flow of water resulting from tide movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/24—Rotors for turbines
    • F05B2240/244—Rotors for turbines of the cross-flow, e.g. Banki, Ossberger type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/301—Cross-section characteristics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydro turbine.
  • Tidal hydro turbines in the prior art mainly use wind power generation technology for reference and are classified into two kinds.
  • One kind is the hydro turbine with a horizontal shaft.
  • the impeller of the hydro turbine has only two or three blades, usually without a large flow guiding dome, but the efficiency thereof is generally low.
  • the other kind is the hydro turbine with a vertical shaft borrowing ideas from the wind power generation.
  • the impeller of the hydro turbine basically has three to five blades, and some have more than ten blades. This impeller is a traditional double-impact impeller and has efficiency slightly higher than that of the impeller of the three-blade hydro turbine with the horizontal shaft, on condition that a large flow guiding dome is provided.
  • the present invention provides a hydro turbine having multiple blades and high efficiency.
  • a hydro turbine includes at least two annular wheel discs, a center shaft, a plurality of spokes, and a plurality of blades.
  • the center shaft is disposed at the centers of the annular wheel discs.
  • the axis direction of the center shaft is vertical to radial directions of the annular wheel discs.
  • the spokes are disposed between the annular wheel discs and the center shaft and disposed along the radial directions of the annular wheel discs.
  • a plurality of blades is annularly disposed at the annular wheel discs. The number of the blades is at least 28 and at most the integer number of an outer circumference measured in centimeters of one annular wheel disc.
  • the blades are arc-shaped, and the sum of arc length of one side of all the blades is 0.85-2 times the outer circumference of one annular wheel disc.
  • a blade angle is formed between two line segments respectively connecting the middle point to the two endpoints of an arc of each blade, and the blade angle is in a range of 100°-170°.
  • a blade installation angle is formed between the chord line having the maximum chord length of the arc of each blade and a radius line of each annular wheel disc passing through an outer endpoint of the blade, and the blade installation angle is in a range of 15°-75°.
  • the center shaft is a hollow shaft.
  • the hydro turbine further includes two cover plates respectively disposed on sides of the two annular wheel discs back to the blades.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the efficiency of the hydro turbine is directly proportional to the number of the blades, so the increase of the number of the blades can greatly improve the working efficiency.
  • Experimental data shows that the efficiency of the power generation device using the hydro turbine in the invention is 1.4-1.5 times that of the traditional vertical-shaft power generation device.
  • the friction force between the hydro turbine and the center shaft is reduced by the buoyancy of the hollow center shaft generated by itself, so the working efficiency is effectively improved.
  • the hydro turbine is applicable to tidal current and has self-startup capabilities at various current speeds.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view showing a hydro turbine of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top view showing the hydro turbine of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a structural view of the blade angle of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural view of the blade installation angle of the present invention.
  • a hydro turbine includes a center shaft 1 and at least two annular wheel discs 2 .
  • the center shaft 1 is installed at the centers of the annular wheel discs 2 .
  • the axis direction of the center shaft 1 is vertical to radial directions of the annular wheel discs 2 .
  • Spokes 3 are installed between the annular wheel discs 2 and the center shaft 1 and disposed along the radial directions of the annular wheel discs 2 .
  • a plurality of blades 4 is fixedly installed at the annular wheel discs 2 . The length directions of the blades 4 are parallel to the center shaft 1 .
  • a plurality of annular wheel discs 2 can be uniformly installed along the axis direction of the center shaft 1 according to actual requirements, and a plurality of blades 4 is annularly disposed among the annular wheel discs 2 . That is, the longer blades are cut into shorter ones and connected into a whole through the multiple annular wheel discs 2 , so as to improve firmness.
  • the number of the blades 4 is at least 28 and at most the integer number of an outer circumference measured in centimeters of one annular wheel disc 2 .
  • the outer circumference of the annular wheel disc 2 is 98.3 or 98.8 cm, and then the number of the blades 4 can be 98.
  • the blades 4 are arc-shaped.
  • the sum of arc length of one side of all the blades 4 is 0.85-2 times the outer circumference of one annular wheel disc 2 .
  • the mentioned side of all the blades is shown in FIG. 2 . That is, the arc length of all the arcs of the blades shown in FIG. 2 is 0.85-2 times the outer circumference of the annular wheel disc 2 .
  • a blade angle A is formed between two line segments respectively connecting the middle point to the two endpoints of an arc of each blade 4 (as shown in FIG. 3 ), and the blade angle A is larger than or equal to 100 degrees and is smaller than or equal to 170 degrees.
  • a blade installation angle B is formed between the chord line having the maximum chord length of the arc of each blade 4 and a radius line of each annular wheel disc 2 passing through an outer endpoint of the blade 4 (as shown in FIG. 4 ), and the blade installation angle B is larger than or equal to 15 degrees and is smaller than or equal to 75 degrees. In actual use, the blade installation angle may be 15°, 45°, 60°, etc.
  • the efficiency of the hydro turbine is directly proportional to the number of the blades 4 , thereby greatly improving the efficiency.
  • Experimental data shows that the efficiency of the power generation device using the hydro turbine in the invention is 1.4-1.5 times that of the traditional vertical-shaft power generation device.
  • the center shaft 1 is a hollow shaft, and the friction force between the hydro turbine and the center shaft 1 is reduced by the buoyancy of the hollow center shaft 1 generated by itself, so the working efficiency is effectively improved.
  • the hydro turbine is applicable to tidal current and has self-startup capabilities at various current speeds.
  • the hydro turbine further includes two cover plates 5 respectively disposed on sides of the two annular wheel discs 2 back to the blades 4 .
  • the cover plates 5 are respectively located above the upper annular wheel disc 2 and below the lower annular wheel disc 2 . Via the cover plates 5 , water can be effectively prevented from entering from the gaps between the center shaft 1 and the annular wheel discs 2 from the upside and the lower side, thereby ensuring the working efficiency of the hydro turbine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oceanography (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

A hydro turbine includes at least two annular wheel discs, a center shaft disposed at the centers of the annular wheel discs, spokes disposed between the annular wheel discs and the center shaft, and a plurality of blades annularly disposed at the annular wheel discs. The number of the blades is at least 28 and at most the integer number of an outer circumference measured in centimeters of one annular wheel disc. The sum of arc length of one side of all the blades is 0.85-2 times the outer circumference. A blade angle formed between two line segments connecting the middle point to the two endpoints of an arc of each blade is in a range of 100°-170°. A blade installation angle formed between the chord line of the arc and a radius line of each annular wheel disc is in a range of 15°-75°.

Description

    CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
  • This Non-provisional application claims priority of Chinese Patent Application No. 201310074235.0 filed on Mar. 8, 2013, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • 1. Field of the Invention
  • The present invention relates to a hydro turbine.
  • 2. Description of the Related Art
  • Tidal hydro turbines in the prior art mainly use wind power generation technology for reference and are classified into two kinds. One kind is the hydro turbine with a horizontal shaft. The impeller of the hydro turbine has only two or three blades, usually without a large flow guiding dome, but the efficiency thereof is generally low. The other kind is the hydro turbine with a vertical shaft borrowing ideas from the wind power generation. The impeller of the hydro turbine basically has three to five blades, and some have more than ten blades. This impeller is a traditional double-impact impeller and has efficiency slightly higher than that of the impeller of the three-blade hydro turbine with the horizontal shaft, on condition that a large flow guiding dome is provided.
  • Nowadays, with the increasing shortage of energy and the increasing serious greenhouse effect, energy is required to be low-carbon. Thus, clean energy, such as wind energy and ocean energy (including tidal energy, the tidal current energy, the ocean wave energy, and the ocean current energy), will be the future direction of energy development. However, the power generating devices for the clean energy are still developing, and the utilization of ocean energy is still in the initial stage, except for the relatively mature wind energy utilization. No common and mature devices are available. The devices cannot be large-scaled, have low efficiency, and fail to reach a completely satisfied level.
    • SUMMARY
  • To overcome the technical deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a hydro turbine having multiple blades and high efficiency.
  • To fulfill the mentioned aim, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions. A hydro turbine includes at least two annular wheel discs, a center shaft, a plurality of spokes, and a plurality of blades. The center shaft is disposed at the centers of the annular wheel discs. The axis direction of the center shaft is vertical to radial directions of the annular wheel discs. The spokes are disposed between the annular wheel discs and the center shaft and disposed along the radial directions of the annular wheel discs. A plurality of blades is annularly disposed at the annular wheel discs. The number of the blades is at least 28 and at most the integer number of an outer circumference measured in centimeters of one annular wheel disc. The blades are arc-shaped, and the sum of arc length of one side of all the blades is 0.85-2 times the outer circumference of one annular wheel disc. A blade angle is formed between two line segments respectively connecting the middle point to the two endpoints of an arc of each blade, and the blade angle is in a range of 100°-170°. A blade installation angle is formed between the chord line having the maximum chord length of the arc of each blade and a radius line of each annular wheel disc passing through an outer endpoint of the blade, and the blade installation angle is in a range of 15°-75°.
  • Preferably, the center shaft is a hollow shaft.
  • Preferably, the hydro turbine further includes two cover plates respectively disposed on sides of the two annular wheel discs back to the blades.
  • The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the efficiency of the hydro turbine is directly proportional to the number of the blades, so the increase of the number of the blades can greatly improve the working efficiency. Experimental data shows that the efficiency of the power generation device using the hydro turbine in the invention is 1.4-1.5 times that of the traditional vertical-shaft power generation device. In addition, the friction force between the hydro turbine and the center shaft is reduced by the buoyancy of the hollow center shaft generated by itself, so the working efficiency is effectively improved. Further, the hydro turbine is applicable to tidal current and has self-startup capabilities at various current speeds.
  • These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with regard to the following description, appended claims, and accompanying drawings.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a front view showing a hydro turbine of the present invention;
  • FIG. 2 is a top view showing the hydro turbine of the present invention;
  • FIG. 3 is a structural view of the blade angle of the present invention; and
  • FIG. 4 is a structural view of the blade installation angle of the present invention.
    •  DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • To ensure that those skilled in the art better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment is clearly and completely described below with reference to drawings attached to the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiment is only a schematic one of the present invention and cannot be regarded as limit of the present invention. Based on the embodiment in the present invention, all other embodiments made by those skilled in the art without creative labor all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
  • The following embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the attached drawings. A hydro turbine includes a center shaft 1 and at least two annular wheel discs 2. The center shaft 1 is installed at the centers of the annular wheel discs 2. The axis direction of the center shaft 1 is vertical to radial directions of the annular wheel discs 2. Spokes 3 are installed between the annular wheel discs 2 and the center shaft 1 and disposed along the radial directions of the annular wheel discs 2. A plurality of blades 4 is fixedly installed at the annular wheel discs 2. The length directions of the blades 4 are parallel to the center shaft 1. If the blades 4 of the hydro turbine are relatively long, a plurality of annular wheel discs 2 can be uniformly installed along the axis direction of the center shaft 1 according to actual requirements, and a plurality of blades 4 is annularly disposed among the annular wheel discs 2. That is, the longer blades are cut into shorter ones and connected into a whole through the multiple annular wheel discs 2, so as to improve firmness. The number of the blades 4 is at least 28 and at most the integer number of an outer circumference measured in centimeters of one annular wheel disc 2. For example, the outer circumference of the annular wheel disc 2 is 98.3 or 98.8 cm, and then the number of the blades 4 can be 98. The blades 4 are arc-shaped. The sum of arc length of one side of all the blades 4 is 0.85-2 times the outer circumference of one annular wheel disc 2. The mentioned side of all the blades is shown in FIG. 2. That is, the arc length of all the arcs of the blades shown in FIG. 2 is 0.85-2 times the outer circumference of the annular wheel disc 2. A blade angle A is formed between two line segments respectively connecting the middle point to the two endpoints of an arc of each blade 4 (as shown in FIG. 3), and the blade angle A is larger than or equal to 100 degrees and is smaller than or equal to 170 degrees. A blade installation angle B is formed between the chord line having the maximum chord length of the arc of each blade 4 and a radius line of each annular wheel disc 2 passing through an outer endpoint of the blade 4 (as shown in FIG. 4), and the blade installation angle B is larger than or equal to 15 degrees and is smaller than or equal to 75 degrees. In actual use, the blade installation angle may be 15°, 45°, 60°, etc.
  • In certain cases, the efficiency of the hydro turbine is directly proportional to the number of the blades 4, thereby greatly improving the efficiency. Experimental data shows that the efficiency of the power generation device using the hydro turbine in the invention is 1.4-1.5 times that of the traditional vertical-shaft power generation device. In addition, the center shaft 1 is a hollow shaft, and the friction force between the hydro turbine and the center shaft 1 is reduced by the buoyancy of the hollow center shaft 1 generated by itself, so the working efficiency is effectively improved. Moreover, the hydro turbine is applicable to tidal current and has self-startup capabilities at various current speeds.
  • In the embodiment, the hydro turbine further includes two cover plates 5 respectively disposed on sides of the two annular wheel discs 2 back to the blades 4. As shown in FIG. 1, the cover plates 5 are respectively located above the upper annular wheel disc 2 and below the lower annular wheel disc 2. Via the cover plates 5, water can be effectively prevented from entering from the gaps between the center shaft 1 and the annular wheel discs 2 from the upside and the lower side, thereby ensuring the working efficiency of the hydro turbine.

Claims (3)

What is claimed is:
1. A hydro turbine, comprising:
at least two annular wheel discs;
a center shaft, disposed at the centers of the annular wheel discs, the axis direction of the center shaft being vertical to radial directions of the annular wheel discs;
a plurality of spokes, disposed between the annular wheel discs and the center shaft and disposed along the radial directions of the annular wheel discs; and
a plurality of blades, annularly disposed at the annular wheel discs, wherein the number of the blades is at least 28 and at most the integer number of an outer circumference measured in centimeters of one annular wheel disc, the blades are arc-shaped, the sum of arc length of one side of all the blades is 0.85-2 times the outer circumference of one annular wheel disc, a blade angle is formed between two line segments respectively connecting the middle point to the two endpoints of an arc of each blade, the blade angle is in a range of 100°-170°, a blade installation angle is formed between the chord line having the maximum chord length of the arc of each blade and a radius line of each annular wheel disc passing through an outer endpoint of the blade, and the blade installation angle is in a range of 15°-75°.
2. The hydro turbine according to claim 1, wherein the center shaft is a hollow shaft.
3. The hydro turbine according to claim 1, further comprising two cover plates respectively disposed on sides of the two annular wheel discs back to the blades.
US14/045,807 2013-03-08 2013-10-04 Hydro Turbine Abandoned US20140255160A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310074235.0 2013-03-08
CN201310074235.0A CN103573529B (en) 2012-08-01 2013-03-08 The hydraulic turbine

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US20140255160A1 true US20140255160A1 (en) 2014-09-11

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US (1) US20140255160A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2015516535A (en)
KR (1) KR20140120881A (en)
CN (1) CN103573529B (en)
GB (1) GB2511593A (en)
LU (1) LU92485B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2014135073A1 (en)

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CN103573529B (en) 2017-06-13
WO2014135073A1 (en) 2014-09-12
CN103573529A (en) 2014-02-12
JP2015516535A (en) 2015-06-11
GB2511593A (en) 2014-09-10
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LU92485B1 (en) 2014-10-16
KR20140120881A (en) 2014-10-14

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