US20140230752A1 - Pet chew toy - Google Patents
Pet chew toy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20140230752A1 US20140230752A1 US13/770,999 US201313770999A US2014230752A1 US 20140230752 A1 US20140230752 A1 US 20140230752A1 US 201313770999 A US201313770999 A US 201313770999A US 2014230752 A1 US2014230752 A1 US 2014230752A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- core
- chew toy
- layer
- pet chew
- animal product
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 149
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 146
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000001055 chewing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010048909 Boredom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015872 dietary supplement Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K15/00—Devices for taming animals, e.g. nose-rings or hobbles; Devices for overturning animals in general; Training or exercising equipment; Covering boxes
- A01K15/02—Training or exercising equipment, e.g. mazes or labyrinths for animals ; Electric shock devices ; Toys specially adapted for animals
- A01K15/025—Toys specially adapted for animals
- A01K15/026—Chewable toys, e.g. for dental care of pets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/40—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for carnivorous animals, e.g. cats or dogs
- A23K50/42—Dry feed
Definitions
- the present application is related to co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (attorney docket R120-103) entitled PET CHEW TOY follow the same day by Nicholas R. Yerten, David C. Woodward and Billy J. Attinger, the full disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- the present application is related to co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (attorney docket R120-104) entitled PET CHEW TOY follow the same day by Nicholas R. Yerten, David C. Woodward and Barbara L. Agnew, the full disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- the present application is related to co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No.
- ______ (attorney docket R120-105) entitled PET CHEW TOY follow the same day by Nicholas R. Yerten, David C. Woodward and Barbara L. Agnew, the full disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- the present application is related to co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (attorney docket R120-106) entitled PET CHEW TOY follow the same day by Nicholas R. Yerten, David C. Woodward and Barbara L. Agnew, the full disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- Pet chew toys are often given to pets, such as dogs, to prevent boredom and curb destructive chewing. Such pet chew toys may additionally clean the pet's teeth.
- Existing pet chew toys typically lack the texture or flavor of animal products such as rawhide and meat.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an example pet chew toy.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the pet chew toy of FIG. 1 taken along line 2 - 2 of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of an example method for forming the pet chew toy of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an example implementation of the pet chew toy of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an example core of the pet chew toy of FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an example implementation of the pet chew toy of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an example core of the pet chew toy of FIG. 6 .
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an example implementation of the pet chew toy of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an example core of the pet chew toy of FIG. 8 .
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an example implementation of the pet chew toy of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of the pet chew toy of FIG. 10 .
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view of an example core of the pet chew toy of FIG. 10 .
- FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate an example pet chew toy 20 .
- Pet chew toy 20 comprises a core about which a layer of animal product extends.
- the core provides the pet chew toy with a durable chewable structure while the layer of animal product provides flavor and nutrition. Both the core and the layer of animal product are exposed simultaneously to provide both chewability and flavor along with texture diversity. As will be described hereafter, the core and the layer of animal product cooperate with one another to reliably retain the layer of animal product about the core.
- Pet chew toy 20 comprises core 22 and animal product layer 24 .
- Core 22 comprises a structure having a greater durability as compared to animal product layer 24 .
- core 22 is formed from one or more polymeric materials.
- core 22 has an outer elastomeric surface, allowing the core to be resiliently squeezed or resiliently indented during chewing by a pet, such as a dog.
- core 22 comprises a single molded polymeric structure.
- core 22 comprises a polymeric structure far from multiple parts which are joined to one another. For example, multiple parts may be joined to one another by interlocking or mating components, bonding, welding, fastening and the like.
- core 22 has a hollow interior 26 , with walls formed from Nylon and having a thickness of at least 1.88 millimeters.
- core 22 additionally comprises internal support walls or ribs 28 extending across and into interior 26 .
- ribs 28 are arranged in a honeycomb pattern or arrangement within interior 26 , dividing interior 26 into a multitude of cells 30 .
- the hollow interior reduces the weight of pet chew toy 20 while the ribs 28 provide internal support to inhibit collapsing of core 22 .
- core 22 may be formed from other materials and may have other internal configurations.
- core 22 comprises an actual animal bone, wherein the animal product layer 24 is formed about the actual bone.
- core 22 is solid throughout, lacking interior 26 .
- core 22 may have a variety of different sizes, shapes and configurations to enhance that interest.
- core 22 may alternatively be configured as an animal such as an animal, plant or other real world article.
- Core 22 may be configured as an animal part, such as in the shape of animal part that typically supports meat.
- core 22 may be formed in the shape of a rib or in the form of a chicken or turkey leg.
- Core 22 comprises several external features which facilitate retention of animal product layer 22 .
- Core 22 comprises layer capturing shoulder 40 (shown in FIG. 2 ), layer capturing ring 42 (shown in FIG. 2 ), pass through 44 , (shown in FIG. 2 ), grooves 46 and projections 48 , 50 A, 50 B, 52 and 54 .
- Layer capturing shoulder 40 comprises shoulder formed on an exterior surface of core 22 having an edge 60 to face, abut and contact an opposing edge 62 of animal product layer 24 .
- Layer capturing ring 42 comprises a ring extending about an exterior of core 22 providing an edge 64 to face edge 60 while abutting and contacting an opposing edge 66 of animal product layer 24 .
- Edges 1664 cooperate to capture animal product layer 24 therebetween to inhibit sliding movement of layer 24 relative to core 22 .
- core 22 may include a pair of opposing shoulders 40 or a pair of spaced rings 42 .
- shoulder 40 and ring 42 may be omitted.
- Pass through 44 comprises a passage internally through core 22 .
- pass through 44 extends from a first side to a second opposite side of core 22 , substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of core 22 .
- pass through 44 forms a U-turn, entering and exiting core 22 along a same side of core 22 .
- Pass through 44 receives animal product layer 24 to interlock animal product layer 24 to core 22 .
- Those portions of animal product layer 24 contained within pass through 44 provide flavor for chew toy 20 after the more accessible exterior portions of animal product layer 24 have been removed or consumed.
- pass through 44 is omitted.
- Grooves 46 (shown in FIG. 1 ) comprise depressions, channels, serrations, indentations and/or the like extending into the exterior surface of core 22 . Grooves 46 receive animal product layer 24 to provide a greater surface area to core 22 for retention of animal product layer 24 . In one implementation, grooves 46 are completely filled with animal product layer 24 . Grooves 46 further form shoulders and edges which inhibit sliding movement of animal product layer 24 relative to core 22 . In some implementations, grooves 46 may be omitted.
- Projections 48 (shown in FIG. 1 ) comprise ribs, tongues, walls or other three-dimensional structures outwardly extending from the exterior of core 22 . Projections 48 provide greater surface area contact between core 22 and animal product layer 24 . Projections 48 additionally provide shoulders or edges which inhibit sliding movement of animal product layer 24 relative to core 22 . In the example illustrated, each of projections 48 has a height extending away from surrounding exterior surfaces of core 22 that is less than a thickness of animal product layer 24 , wherein animal product layer 24 extends over and about the projection 48 such that projection 48 , itself, does not impact the exterior texture or ornamentation of animal product layer 24 . In other words, none of the profile of projection 48 is reflected in the overlying profile of animal product layer 24 .
- projection 48 may be configured to provide enhanced gripping and securement of animal product layer 24 while animal product layer 24 may be provided with a completely different texture or ornamentation, potentially more attractive, potentially corresponding to the theme of core 22 and potentially offering a more orally stimulating texture.
- each of projections 48 has a height of at least 1 millimeter, nominally of at least 3 millimeters and more nominally of at least 5 millimeters. With such a height, projections 48 provide sufficiently strong additional retention of animal product layer 24 to provide enhanced retention given the anticipated chewing forces upon pet chew toy 20 . In one implementation, ridges 48 and/or grooves 46 cover at least 5% and nominally at least 40% of the exterior of core 22 to provide enhanced retention of layer 24 despite the forces encountered during pet chewing. In other implementations, projection 48 may have other height and coverage characteristics.
- Projections 50 A, SOB (collectively referred to as projections 50 ) comprise ribs, tongues, walls or other three-dimensional structures outwardly extending from the exterior of core 22 .
- Projections 50 provide greater surface area contact between core 22 and animal product layer 24 .
- Projections 50 additionally provide shoulders or edges which inhibit sliding movement of animal product layer 24 relative to core 22 .
- projections 50 have a height greater than a thickness of the overlying portion of animal product layer 24 .
- projections 48 assist in providing the exterior of animal product layer 24 with a texture, shape or other configuration.
- Projections 48 serve as a support structure to assist in maintaining the particular texture shape along the exterior of animal product layer 24 .
- projections 48 may inhibit a three-dimensional projection along the exterior panel product layer 24 from being torn away or broken off.
- projection 50 A the entire three-dimensional surface texture or shape along the exterior pet chew 20 may be defined by the underlying projections 50 , wherein the overlying animal product layer 24 is simply a continuous, flat layer of material that parallels the underlying shape of core 22 and projections 50 .
- projection 50 B the overlying animal product layer 24 is itself molded or otherwise shaped (other than a flat layer) to provide additional three-dimensional detail.
- the underlying projection 50 B serves as a foundation for the overall exterior three-dimensional structure or detail, allowing the overall exterior three-dimensional structure or detail to have a greater height or greater degree of contrast with respect to surrounding regions of the exterior of toy 20 , while utilizing less animal product.
- projections 50 are illustrated as bumps, in other implementations, projections 50 may have other shapes and configurations.
- Projection 52 comprises a rib, tongue, wall or other three-dimensional structure outwardly extending from the exterior of core 22 .
- Projection 52 provides greater surface area contact between core 22 and animal product layer 24 .
- Projection 52 additionally provide shoulders or edges which inhibit sliding movement of animal product layer 24 relative to core 22 .
- projection 52 extends through animal product layer 24 so as to be surrounded by animal product layer 24 while being exposed along an exterior of pet chew toy 20 .
- portions of core 22 are exposed into directions: a first direction along a longitudinal axis 70 of pet chew toy 20 as shown in FIG. 2 and a second direction along a transverse axis 72 non-parallel to and nominally perpendicular to the axis 70 .
- the exposure of core 22 in multiple orthogonal directions provides enhanced durability during chewing regardless of the orientation of chew toy 20 when being chewed.
- projection 52 is surrounded by animal product layer 24 , the contrast between projection 52 and the different animal product layer 24 highlight or emphasize projection 52 . As a result, surface details or product identification placed upon the exterior projection 52 are also discernible to a greater extent. In addition to facilitating retention of animal product layer 24 , projection 52 further provides pet chew toy 20 with enhanced color contrast and enhanced logo, product name or trademark distinctiveness or conspicuousness when the product identification is formed upon or defined by projection 52 .
- Projection 54 is similar to projection 52 except that projection 54 extends or projects outwardly beyond animal product layer 24 . As a result, projection 54 provides additional surface height and surface three dimensionality surrounded by animal product layer 24 . In some implementations, projections 48 , 50 , 52 and 54 are omitted.
- Animal product layer 24 comprises a layer of animal product provided about core 22 .
- the animal product forming animal product layer 24 comprises animal rawhide, such as beef hide, of which about 50% is protein.
- the animal product forming animal product layer 24 comprises ground rawhide particles bonded to one another by one or more additives to form layer 24 .
- the animal product forming animal product layer 24 comprises animal meat, dried or ground and dried.
- animal product layer 24 may comprise a beef-jerky type layer.
- layer 24 may include additional additives. Such additives may comprise additives to join ground animal product, to provide nutritional supplement or to provide medicinal treatment.
- additional flavor enhancing, medicinal enhancing or nutritional enhancing coatings either transparent, semi-transparent or opaque, may be coated over animal product layer 24 , over exposed portions of core 22 or over both animal product layer 24 and exposed portions of core 22 .
- animal product layer 24 comprises ground animal product which is pressed and molded over portions of core 22 .
- animal product layer 24 completely fills depressions or grooves along the exterior of core 22 and more closely conforms to and contacts a greater surface area of core 22 for enhanced securement retention of layer 24 about core 24 .
- animal product layer 24 comprises ground animal product particles which collectively form an amorphous mass during molding, animal product layer 24 itself may be provided with comlex three dimensionality and shapes independent of the underlying three dimensionality and shape of core 22 .
- animal product layer 24 comprises base 76 , grooves 78 and projections 80 , 82 .
- Base 76 comprises a base portion or foundation of layer 24 . As shown by FIG. 1 , and those portions where base 76 does not include any projections, base 76 parallels the underlying surface of core 22 . Those portions of base 76 extending over projection 50 A have a three-dimensional shape corresponding to the underlying shape and location of projection 50 A.
- Grooves 78 comprise recesses on the inside surface of layer 24 facing core 22 . Grooves 78 received projections 48 . During molding of material layer 24 over projections 48 , grooves 78 are formed, wherein grooves 78 match in size and shape to projections 48 to interlock with projections 48 .
- Projection 80 extends above one of grooves 78 and above base 76 to provide three-dimensional protruberances and details distinct from that of the underlying core 22 .
- Projection 82 extends over projection 50 B and provide three-dimensional protuberances and details different from that of the underlying core 22 .
- projection 82 exaggerates an amplitude or height of projection 50 B.
- one or both the projections 80 , 82 may be omitted.
- animal product layer 24 is described as being molded about core 22 , in other implementations, animal product layer 24 is wrapped about core 22 .
- animal product layer 24 is molded completely about core 22 so as to encircle or completely extend around core 22 with respect axis 70 .
- animal product layer 24 is securely retained with respect to core 22 , lacking continuous breaks wherein product layer 22 may be separated from core 22 .
- pet chew toy 20 omits each of the above described retention features, wherein animal product layer 24 is retained with respect to core 22 by the complete encircling of animal product layer 24 about core 22 .
- pet chew toy 20 may retain animal product layer 24 with respect to core 22 by relying upon the complete encircling of animal product layer 24 about core 22 in combination with one or more of the other retention features described above. In other implementations, animal product layer 24 only partially extends about core 22 with respect axis 70 .
- FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of an example method 100 for forming pet chew toy 20 .
- core 22 is provided.
- core 22 may be molded, form through material removal techniques and/or assembled.
- Core 22 may include one or more of the aforementioned retention structures.
- animal product is molded about core 22 to form layer 24 .
- animal product layer 24 completely extends about core 22 .
- animal product layer 24 partially extends about core 22 .
- Animal product layer 24 is formed so as to cooperate with retention features of core 22 which assists in retaining animal product layer 24 on core 22 during chewing of pet chew toy 20 .
- FIG. 4 illustrates pet chew toy 120 , an example implementation of pet chew toy 20 .
- Pet chew toy 120 comprises core 122 and animal product layer 124 .
- Core 122 and animal product layer 124 are similar to core 22 and animal product layer 124 with respect to the material or materials used to form core 122 and animal product layer 124 .
- FIG. 5 illustrates core 122 prior to core 122 being partially surrounded by animal product layer 124 .
- core 122 comprises a plurality of projections 148 transversely extending across core 122 . Projections 148 , shown as ribs, project parallel to one another to form corresponding intervening grooves 146 .
- core 122 comprises a display region 151 which underlies animal product layer 124 in which is covered by an concealed by animal product layer 124 .
- display region 151 provides product information in the form of a logo, trademark, product name or the like.
- display region 151 becomes exposed, providing a reminder of the source of the pet chew toy so enjoyed by an owner's pet.
- pet chew toy 20 still functions as a chew toy after removal or consumption of animal product layer 124 , exposure of display region 151 may suggest purchase of a new pet chew toy 120 .
- a chew toy 120 may be recycled by having a new animal product layer 124 remolded or rewrapped about core 122 .
- animal product layer 124 overlies grooves 146 and projections 148 and has an exterior surface configuration distinct from that of grooves 146 and ribs 148 .
- Animal product layer 124 completely extends about core 122 and is axially captured upon core 122 in one direction by edges 160 .
- pet chew toy 120 may comprise one or more of the retention features described above with respect to a chew toy 20 .
- FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate pet chew toy 220 , another example implementation of pet chew toy 220 .
- Pet chew toy 220 comprises core 222 and animal product layer 224 .
- Core 222 and animal product layer 224 are similar to core 22 and animal product layer 24 with respect to the material or materials and fabrication technique used to form core 222 and animal product layer 224 .
- FIG. 7 illustrates core 222 prior to core 222 being partially surrounded by animal product layer 224 .
- core 222 comprises a plurality of projections 248 transversely extending across core 222 . Projections 248 , shown as ribs, project parallel to one another.
- core 222 comprises projection 254 which projects through an opening in animal product layer 224 .
- portions of core 222 are exposed in two directions: a first direction along a longitudinal axis of pet chew toy 20 and a second direction non-parallel to and nominally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
- the exposure of core 222 in multiple orthogonal directions provides enhanced durability during chewing regardless of the orientation of chew toy 220 when being chewed.
- projection 254 is surrounded by animal product layer 24 , the contrast between projection 254 and the different animal product layer 224 highlight or emphasize projection 254 . As a result, surface details or product identification placed upon the exterior projection 254 are also discernible to a greater extent. In addition to facilitating retention of animal product layer 224 , projection 254 further provides pet chew toy 220 with enhanced color contrast and enhanced logo, product name or trademark distinctiveness or conspicuousness when the product identification is formed upon or defined by projection 254 .
- animal product layer 224 overlies projections 248 and has an exterior surface configuration distinct from that of projections 248 .
- Animal product layer 224 completely extends about core 222 .
- pet chew toy 220 may comprise one or more of the retention features described above with respect to a chew toy 220 .
- FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate pet chew toy 320 , another example implementation of pet chew toy 320 .
- Pet chew toy 320 comprises core 322 and animal product layer 324 .
- Core 322 and animal product layer 324 are similar to core 22 and animal product layer 24 with respect to the material or materials and fabrication technique used to form core 322 and animal product layer 324 .
- FIG. 9 illustrates core 322 prior to core 322 being partially surrounded by animal product layer 324 .
- core 322 comprises a plurality of projections 348 .
- projections 348 are the shape of an animal backbone, spine or other skeletal structure.
- pet chew toy 320 is in the form of a fish. Removal or consumption of animal product layer 324 results in exposure of projections 348 which represent the skeleton of the fish. The remainder of chew toy 320 now corresponds to a fish skeleton, facilitating further use of pet chew toy 320 , wherein pet chew toy 320 is not necessarily seen as being broken or incomplete.
- core 322 comprises projection 354 which projects through an opening in animal product layer 324 .
- portions of core 322 are exposed in two directions: a first direction along a longitudinal axis of pet chew toy 320 and a second direction non-parallel to and nominally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
- the exposure of core 322 in multiple orthogonal directions provides enhanced durability during chewing regardless of the orientation of chew toy 320 when being chewed.
- projection 354 is surrounded by animal product layer 324 , the contrast between projection 354 and the different animal product layer 324 highlight or emphasize projection 354 . As a result, surface details or product identification placed upon the exterior projection 354 are also discernible to a greater extent. In addition to facilitating retention of animal product layer 324 , projection 354 further provides pet chew toy 320 with enhanced color contrast.
- animal product layer 324 extends completely about core 322 .
- Animal product layer 324 includes unsupported projections 380 projecting from a base 376 of layer 324 .
- animal product layer 324 further includes a surface texture 381 corresponding to the animal or other object represented by pet chew toy 320 .
- surface texture 381 is in the form of scales. Because animal product layer 324 is formed by molding ground animal product about core 322 , surface texture 381 may be molded onto core 322 . In other implementations, surface texture 381 may be stamped onto or etched into the exterior of animal product layer 324 .
- FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrate pet chew toy 420 , another example implementation of pet chew toy 20 .
- Pet chew toy 420 comprises core 422 and animal product layer 424 .
- Core 422 and animal product layer 424 are similar to core 22 and animal product layer 24 with respect to the material or materials used to form core 422 and animal product layer 424 .
- FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view illustrating pet chew toy 420 .
- FIG. 12 illustrates core 422 after assembly the prior to the provision of animal product layer 424 .
- core 422 comprises a multi-piece construction or assembly comprising core halves or portions 500 , 502 and assembly bands 504 , 506 .
- Portions 500 and 502 are configured to join to one another to form the completed core shown in FIG. 12 .
- portion 500 includes posts 503 which fit within corresponding bores 504 in portion 502 .
- such interlocking features may be omitted.
- Bands 504 , 506 encircle portions 500 502 to retain portions 500 502 in a joined state.
- bands 504 , 506 are molded within corresponding channels or grooves 508 , 510 , respectively, of portions 500 502 .
- 504 , 506 are sufficiently elastic so as to be stretched to allow positioning of bands 504 , 506 along the join portions 500 , 502 until such bands 504 , 506 are located within channels 508 , 510 , respectively.
- bands 504 , 506 may be omitted.
- portions 500 502 may be joined in other fashions such as through the use of adhesives, welding, material fusion and the like.
- each of portions 500 , 502 has a hollow interior 526 in which support walls 528 project or extend.
- walls 528 are arranged in a honeycomb pattern or arrangement within interior 526 , dividing interior 526 into a multitude of cells 530 .
- the hollow interior reduces the weight of pet chew toy 420 while the walls 528 provide internal support to inhibit collapsing of core 422 .
- portions 500 , 502 may be solid.
- each of portions 500 , 502 include circumferentially extending projections 548 .
- Projections 548 comprise ribs, tongues, walls or other three-dimensional structures outwardly extending from the exterior of core 422 .
- Projections 548 provide greater surface area contact between core 422 and animal product layer 424 .
- Projections 548 additionally provide shoulders or edges which inhibit sliding movement of animal product layer 424 relative to core 422 .
- each of projections 548 has a height extending away from surrounding exterior surfaces of core 422 that is less than a thickness of animal product layer 424 , wherein animal product layer 424 extends over and about the projection 548 such that projection 548 , itself, does not impact the exterior texture or ornamentation of animal product layer 424 .
- projection 548 may be configured to provide enhanced gripping and securement of animal product layer 424 while animal product layer 424 may be provided with a completely different texture or ornamentation, potentially more attractive, potentially corresponding to the theme of core 422 and potentially offering a more orally stimulating texture.
- the exterior of animal product layer 424 is provided with protruberances or bumps 580 , providing an enhanced texture and correspond to bumps that may be found on the article simulated by pet chew toy 420 , bumps on the skin of a chicken leg.
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Abstract
Description
- The present application is related to co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (attorney docket R120-103) entitled PET CHEW TOY follow the same day by Nicholas R. Yerten, David C. Woodward and Billy J. Attinger, the full disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. The present application is related to co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (attorney docket R120-104) entitled PET CHEW TOY follow the same day by Nicholas R. Yerten, David C. Woodward and Barbara L. Agnew, the full disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. The present application is related to co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (attorney docket R120-105) entitled PET CHEW TOY follow the same day by Nicholas R. Yerten, David C. Woodward and Barbara L. Agnew, the full disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. The present application is related to co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (attorney docket R120-106) entitled PET CHEW TOY follow the same day by Nicholas R. Yerten, David C. Woodward and Barbara L. Agnew, the full disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- Pet chew toys are often given to pets, such as dogs, to prevent boredom and curb destructive chewing. Such pet chew toys may additionally clean the pet's teeth. Existing pet chew toys typically lack the texture or flavor of animal products such as rawhide and meat.
-
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an example pet chew toy. -
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the pet chew toy ofFIG. 1 taken along line 2-2 ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of an example method for forming the pet chew toy ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an example implementation of the pet chew toy ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an example core of the pet chew toy ofFIG. 4 . -
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an example implementation of the pet chew toy ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an example core of the pet chew toy ofFIG. 6 . -
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an example implementation of the pet chew toy ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an example core of the pet chew toy ofFIG. 8 . -
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an example implementation of the pet chew toy ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of the pet chew toy ofFIG. 10 . -
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of an example core of the pet chew toy ofFIG. 10 . -
FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate an examplepet chew toy 20.Pet chew toy 20 comprises a core about which a layer of animal product extends. The core provides the pet chew toy with a durable chewable structure while the layer of animal product provides flavor and nutrition. Both the core and the layer of animal product are exposed simultaneously to provide both chewability and flavor along with texture diversity. As will be described hereafter, the core and the layer of animal product cooperate with one another to reliably retain the layer of animal product about the core. -
Pet chew toy 20 comprisescore 22 andanimal product layer 24.Core 22 comprises a structure having a greater durability as compared toanimal product layer 24. In one implementation,core 22 is formed from one or more polymeric materials. In one implementation,core 22 has an outer elastomeric surface, allowing the core to be resiliently squeezed or resiliently indented during chewing by a pet, such as a dog. In one implementation,core 22 comprises a single molded polymeric structure. In another implementation,core 22 comprises a polymeric structure far from multiple parts which are joined to one another. For example, multiple parts may be joined to one another by interlocking or mating components, bonding, welding, fastening and the like. In the example illustrated,core 22 has ahollow interior 26, with walls formed from Nylon and having a thickness of at least 1.88 millimeters. In the example illustrated,core 22 additionally comprises internal support walls orribs 28 extending across and intointerior 26. In one implementation,ribs 28 are arranged in a honeycomb pattern or arrangement withininterior 26, dividinginterior 26 into a multitude ofcells 30. The hollow interior reduces the weight ofpet chew toy 20 while theribs 28 provide internal support to inhibit collapsing ofcore 22. - In other implementations,
core 22 may be formed from other materials and may have other internal configurations. For example, in one implementation,core 22 comprises an actual animal bone, wherein theanimal product layer 24 is formed about the actual bone. In one implementation,core 22 is solid throughout, lackinginterior 26. Although illustrated as generally cylindrical for purposes of illustration, in other implementations,core 22 may have a variety of different sizes, shapes and configurations to enhance that interest. For example,core 22 may alternatively be configured as an animal such as an animal, plant or other real world article. Core 22 may be configured as an animal part, such as in the shape of animal part that typically supports meat. For example, in one implementation,core 22 may be formed in the shape of a rib or in the form of a chicken or turkey leg. -
Core 22 comprises several external features which facilitate retention ofanimal product layer 22.Core 22 comprises layer capturing shoulder 40 (shown inFIG. 2 ), layer capturing ring 42 (shown inFIG. 2 ), pass through 44, (shown inFIG. 2 ),grooves 46 andprojections Layer capturing shoulder 40 comprises shoulder formed on an exterior surface ofcore 22 having anedge 60 to face, abut and contact anopposing edge 62 ofanimal product layer 24.Layer capturing ring 42 comprises a ring extending about an exterior ofcore 22 providing anedge 64 toface edge 60 while abutting and contacting anopposing edge 66 ofanimal product layer 24. Edges 1664 cooperate to captureanimal product layer 24 therebetween to inhibit sliding movement oflayer 24 relative tocore 22. Although illustrated as includingshoulder 40 andring 42, in other implementations,core 22 may include a pair ofopposing shoulders 40 or a pair of spacedrings 42. In other implementations, one or both ofshoulder 40 andring 42 may be omitted. - Pass through 44 comprises a passage internally through
core 22. In one implementation, pass through 44 extends from a first side to a second opposite side ofcore 22, substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis ofcore 22. In another implementation, pass through 44 forms a U-turn, entering and exitingcore 22 along a same side ofcore 22. Pass through 44 receivesanimal product layer 24 to interlockanimal product layer 24 tocore 22. Those portions ofanimal product layer 24 contained within pass through 44 provide flavor forchew toy 20 after the more accessible exterior portions ofanimal product layer 24 have been removed or consumed. In yet other implementations, pass through 44 is omitted. - Grooves 46 (shown in
FIG. 1 ) comprise depressions, channels, serrations, indentations and/or the like extending into the exterior surface ofcore 22.Grooves 46 receiveanimal product layer 24 to provide a greater surface area tocore 22 for retention ofanimal product layer 24. In one implementation,grooves 46 are completely filled withanimal product layer 24.Grooves 46 further form shoulders and edges which inhibit sliding movement ofanimal product layer 24 relative tocore 22. In some implementations,grooves 46 may be omitted. - Projections 48 (shown in
FIG. 1 ) comprise ribs, tongues, walls or other three-dimensional structures outwardly extending from the exterior ofcore 22.Projections 48 provide greater surface area contact betweencore 22 andanimal product layer 24.Projections 48 additionally provide shoulders or edges which inhibit sliding movement ofanimal product layer 24 relative tocore 22. In the example illustrated, each ofprojections 48 has a height extending away from surrounding exterior surfaces ofcore 22 that is less than a thickness ofanimal product layer 24, whereinanimal product layer 24 extends over and about theprojection 48 such thatprojection 48, itself, does not impact the exterior texture or ornamentation ofanimal product layer 24. In other words, none of the profile ofprojection 48 is reflected in the overlying profile ofanimal product layer 24. As a result,projection 48 may be configured to provide enhanced gripping and securement ofanimal product layer 24 whileanimal product layer 24 may be provided with a completely different texture or ornamentation, potentially more attractive, potentially corresponding to the theme ofcore 22 and potentially offering a more orally stimulating texture. - In one implementation, each of
projections 48 has a height of at least 1 millimeter, nominally of at least 3 millimeters and more nominally of at least 5 millimeters. With such a height,projections 48 provide sufficiently strong additional retention ofanimal product layer 24 to provide enhanced retention given the anticipated chewing forces uponpet chew toy 20. In one implementation,ridges 48 and/orgrooves 46 cover at least 5% and nominally at least 40% of the exterior ofcore 22 to provide enhanced retention oflayer 24 despite the forces encountered during pet chewing. In other implementations,projection 48 may have other height and coverage characteristics. -
Projections 50A, SOB (collectively referred to as projections 50) comprise ribs, tongues, walls or other three-dimensional structures outwardly extending from the exterior ofcore 22. Projections 50 provide greater surface area contact betweencore 22 andanimal product layer 24. Projections 50 additionally provide shoulders or edges which inhibit sliding movement ofanimal product layer 24 relative tocore 22. Unlikeprojections 48, projections 50 have a height greater than a thickness of the overlying portion ofanimal product layer 24. As a result,projections 48 assist in providing the exterior ofanimal product layer 24 with a texture, shape or other configuration.Projections 48 serve as a support structure to assist in maintaining the particular texture shape along the exterior ofanimal product layer 24. For example,projections 48 may inhibit a three-dimensional projection along the exteriorpanel product layer 24 from being torn away or broken off. As illustrated with respect toprojection 50A, the entire three-dimensional surface texture or shape along the exterior pet chew 20 may be defined by the underlying projections 50, wherein the overlyinganimal product layer 24 is simply a continuous, flat layer of material that parallels the underlying shape ofcore 22 and projections 50. As illustrated with respect toprojection 50B, the overlyinganimal product layer 24 is itself molded or otherwise shaped (other than a flat layer) to provide additional three-dimensional detail. Theunderlying projection 50B serves as a foundation for the overall exterior three-dimensional structure or detail, allowing the overall exterior three-dimensional structure or detail to have a greater height or greater degree of contrast with respect to surrounding regions of the exterior oftoy 20, while utilizing less animal product. Although projections 50 are illustrated as bumps, in other implementations, projections 50 may have other shapes and configurations. -
Projection 52 comprises a rib, tongue, wall or other three-dimensional structure outwardly extending from the exterior ofcore 22.Projection 52 provides greater surface area contact betweencore 22 andanimal product layer 24.Projection 52 additionally provide shoulders or edges which inhibit sliding movement ofanimal product layer 24 relative tocore 22. Unlikeprojections 48 and 50,projection 52 extends throughanimal product layer 24 so as to be surrounded byanimal product layer 24 while being exposed along an exterior ofpet chew toy 20. As a result, portions ofcore 22 are exposed into directions: a first direction along alongitudinal axis 70 ofpet chew toy 20 as shown inFIG. 2 and a second direction along atransverse axis 72 non-parallel to and nominally perpendicular to theaxis 70. The exposure ofcore 22 in multiple orthogonal directions provides enhanced durability during chewing regardless of the orientation ofchew toy 20 when being chewed. - Moreover, because
projection 52 is surrounded byanimal product layer 24, the contrast betweenprojection 52 and the differentanimal product layer 24 highlight or emphasizeprojection 52. As a result, surface details or product identification placed upon theexterior projection 52 are also discernible to a greater extent. In addition to facilitating retention ofanimal product layer 24,projection 52 further providespet chew toy 20 with enhanced color contrast and enhanced logo, product name or trademark distinctiveness or conspicuousness when the product identification is formed upon or defined byprojection 52. -
Projection 54 is similar toprojection 52 except thatprojection 54 extends or projects outwardly beyondanimal product layer 24. As a result,projection 54 provides additional surface height and surface three dimensionality surrounded byanimal product layer 24. In some implementations,projections -
Animal product layer 24 comprises a layer of animal product provided aboutcore 22. In one implementation, the animal product forminganimal product layer 24 comprises animal rawhide, such as beef hide, of which about 50% is protein. In one implementation, the animal product forminganimal product layer 24 comprises ground rawhide particles bonded to one another by one or more additives to formlayer 24. In one implementation, the animal product forminganimal product layer 24 comprises animal meat, dried or ground and dried. For example,animal product layer 24 may comprise a beef-jerky type layer. In some implementations,layer 24 may include additional additives. Such additives may comprise additives to join ground animal product, to provide nutritional supplement or to provide medicinal treatment. In some implementations, additional flavor enhancing, medicinal enhancing or nutritional enhancing coatings, either transparent, semi-transparent or opaque, may be coated overanimal product layer 24, over exposed portions ofcore 22 or over bothanimal product layer 24 and exposed portions ofcore 22. - In the example illustrated,
animal product layer 24 comprises ground animal product which is pressed and molded over portions ofcore 22. As a result,animal product layer 24 completely fills depressions or grooves along the exterior ofcore 22 and more closely conforms to and contacts a greater surface area ofcore 22 for enhanced securement retention oflayer 24 aboutcore 24. In addition, becauseanimal product layer 24 comprises ground animal product particles which collectively form an amorphous mass during molding,animal product layer 24 itself may be provided with comlex three dimensionality and shapes independent of the underlying three dimensionality and shape ofcore 22. - In the example shown in
FIG. 1 ,animal product layer 24 comprisesbase 76,grooves 78 andprojections Base 76 comprises a base portion or foundation oflayer 24. As shown byFIG. 1 , and those portions wherebase 76 does not include any projections,base 76 parallels the underlying surface ofcore 22. Those portions ofbase 76 extending overprojection 50A have a three-dimensional shape corresponding to the underlying shape and location ofprojection 50A. -
Grooves 78 comprise recesses on the inside surface oflayer 24 facingcore 22.Grooves 78 receivedprojections 48. During molding ofmaterial layer 24 overprojections 48,grooves 78 are formed, whereingrooves 78 match in size and shape toprojections 48 to interlock withprojections 48. -
Projection 80 extends above one ofgrooves 78 and abovebase 76 to provide three-dimensional protruberances and details distinct from that of theunderlying core 22.Projection 82 extends overprojection 50B and provide three-dimensional protuberances and details different from that of theunderlying core 22. In one implementation,projection 82 exaggerates an amplitude or height ofprojection 50B. In some implementations, one or both theprojections - Although
animal product layer 24 is described as being molded aboutcore 22, in other implementations,animal product layer 24 is wrapped aboutcore 22. In the example illustrated,animal product layer 24 is molded completely aboutcore 22 so as to encircle or completely extend aroundcore 22 withrespect axis 70. As a result,animal product layer 24 is securely retained with respect tocore 22, lacking continuous breaks whereinproduct layer 22 may be separated fromcore 22. In one implementation,pet chew toy 20 omits each of the above described retention features, whereinanimal product layer 24 is retained with respect tocore 22 by the complete encircling ofanimal product layer 24 aboutcore 22. In some implementations,pet chew toy 20 may retainanimal product layer 24 with respect tocore 22 by relying upon the complete encircling ofanimal product layer 24 aboutcore 22 in combination with one or more of the other retention features described above. In other implementations,animal product layer 24 only partially extends aboutcore 22 withrespect axis 70. -
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of anexample method 100 for formingpet chew toy 20. As indicated bystep 102,core 22 is provided. As noted above,core 22 may be molded, form through material removal techniques and/or assembled.Core 22 may include one or more of the aforementioned retention structures. - As indicated by
step 104, animal product is molded aboutcore 22 to formlayer 24. In one implementation,animal product layer 24 completely extends aboutcore 22. In another implementation,animal product layer 24 partially extends aboutcore 22.Animal product layer 24 is formed so as to cooperate with retention features ofcore 22 which assists in retaininganimal product layer 24 oncore 22 during chewing ofpet chew toy 20. -
FIG. 4 illustratespet chew toy 120, an example implementation ofpet chew toy 20.Pet chew toy 120 comprisescore 122 andanimal product layer 124.Core 122 andanimal product layer 124 are similar tocore 22 andanimal product layer 124 with respect to the material or materials used to formcore 122 andanimal product layer 124.FIG. 5 illustratescore 122 prior tocore 122 being partially surrounded byanimal product layer 124. As shown byFIG. 5 ,core 122 comprises a plurality ofprojections 148 transversely extending acrosscore 122.Projections 148, shown as ribs, project parallel to one another to form corresponding intervening grooves 146. - As further shown by
FIG. 5 ,core 122 comprises adisplay region 151 which underliesanimal product layer 124 in which is covered by an concealed byanimal product layer 124. In addition to having surface undulations or irregularities providing enhanced surface area for contacting in retaininganimal product layer 124 in place,display region 151 provides product information in the form of a logo, trademark, product name or the like. As a result, onceanimal product layer 124 has been removed or consumed,display region 151 becomes exposed, providing a reminder of the source of the pet chew toy so enjoyed by an owner's pet. Even thoughpet chew toy 20 still functions as a chew toy after removal or consumption ofanimal product layer 124, exposure ofdisplay region 151 may suggest purchase of a newpet chew toy 120. In some implementations, achew toy 120 may be recycled by having a newanimal product layer 124 remolded or rewrapped aboutcore 122. - As shown by
FIG. 4 ,animal product layer 124 overlies grooves 146 andprojections 148 and has an exterior surface configuration distinct from that of grooves 146 andribs 148.Animal product layer 124 completely extends aboutcore 122 and is axially captured uponcore 122 in one direction by edges 160. In other implementations,pet chew toy 120 may comprise one or more of the retention features described above with respect to achew toy 20. -
FIGS. 6 and 7 illustratepet chew toy 220, another example implementation ofpet chew toy 220.Pet chew toy 220 comprisescore 222 andanimal product layer 224.Core 222 andanimal product layer 224 are similar tocore 22 andanimal product layer 24 with respect to the material or materials and fabrication technique used to formcore 222 andanimal product layer 224.FIG. 7 illustratescore 222 prior tocore 222 being partially surrounded byanimal product layer 224. As shown byFIG. 7 ,core 222 comprises a plurality ofprojections 248 transversely extending acrosscore 222.Projections 248, shown as ribs, project parallel to one another. - As further shown by
FIG. 7 ,core 222 comprisesprojection 254 which projects through an opening inanimal product layer 224. As a result, portions ofcore 222 are exposed in two directions: a first direction along a longitudinal axis ofpet chew toy 20 and a second direction non-parallel to and nominally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The exposure ofcore 222 in multiple orthogonal directions provides enhanced durability during chewing regardless of the orientation ofchew toy 220 when being chewed. - Moreover, because
projection 254 is surrounded byanimal product layer 24, the contrast betweenprojection 254 and the differentanimal product layer 224 highlight or emphasizeprojection 254. As a result, surface details or product identification placed upon theexterior projection 254 are also discernible to a greater extent. In addition to facilitating retention ofanimal product layer 224,projection 254 further providespet chew toy 220 with enhanced color contrast and enhanced logo, product name or trademark distinctiveness or conspicuousness when the product identification is formed upon or defined byprojection 254. - As shown by
FIG. 6 ,animal product layer 224 overliesprojections 248 and has an exterior surface configuration distinct from that ofprojections 248.Animal product layer 224 completely extends aboutcore 222. In other implementations,pet chew toy 220 may comprise one or more of the retention features described above with respect to achew toy 220. -
FIGS. 8 and 9 illustratepet chew toy 320, another example implementation ofpet chew toy 320.Pet chew toy 320 comprisescore 322 andanimal product layer 324.Core 322 andanimal product layer 324 are similar tocore 22 andanimal product layer 24 with respect to the material or materials and fabrication technique used to formcore 322 andanimal product layer 324.FIG. 9 illustratescore 322 prior tocore 322 being partially surrounded byanimal product layer 324. As shown byFIG. 9 ,core 322 comprises a plurality ofprojections 348. As shown byFIG. 9 ,projections 348 are the shape of an animal backbone, spine or other skeletal structure. As a result, onceanimal product layer 324 has been removed fromcore 322 and/or consumed, theunderlying core 322, which is fully exposed, still resembles the theme ofpet chew toy 320. In the example illustrated,pet chew toy 320 is in the form of a fish. Removal or consumption ofanimal product layer 324 results in exposure ofprojections 348 which represent the skeleton of the fish. The remainder ofchew toy 320 now corresponds to a fish skeleton, facilitating further use ofpet chew toy 320, whereinpet chew toy 320 is not necessarily seen as being broken or incomplete. - As further shown by
FIG. 8 ,core 322 comprisesprojection 354 which projects through an opening inanimal product layer 324. As a result, portions ofcore 322 are exposed in two directions: a first direction along a longitudinal axis ofpet chew toy 320 and a second direction non-parallel to and nominally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The exposure ofcore 322 in multiple orthogonal directions provides enhanced durability during chewing regardless of the orientation ofchew toy 320 when being chewed. - Moreover, because
projection 354 is surrounded byanimal product layer 324, the contrast betweenprojection 354 and the differentanimal product layer 324 highlight or emphasizeprojection 354. As a result, surface details or product identification placed upon theexterior projection 354 are also discernible to a greater extent. In addition to facilitating retention ofanimal product layer 324,projection 354 further providespet chew toy 320 with enhanced color contrast. - As shown by
FIG. 8 ,animal product layer 324 extends completely aboutcore 322.Animal product layer 324 includesunsupported projections 380 projecting from abase 376 oflayer 324. In the example illustrated,animal product layer 324 further includes asurface texture 381 corresponding to the animal or other object represented bypet chew toy 320. In the example illustrated,surface texture 381 is in the form of scales. Becauseanimal product layer 324 is formed by molding ground animal product aboutcore 322,surface texture 381 may be molded ontocore 322. In other implementations,surface texture 381 may be stamped onto or etched into the exterior ofanimal product layer 324. -
FIGS. 10 and 11 illustratepet chew toy 420, another example implementation ofpet chew toy 20.Pet chew toy 420 comprisescore 422 andanimal product layer 424.Core 422 andanimal product layer 424 are similar tocore 22 andanimal product layer 24 with respect to the material or materials used to formcore 422 andanimal product layer 424.FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view illustratingpet chew toy 420.FIG. 12 illustratescore 422 after assembly the prior to the provision ofanimal product layer 424. As shown byFIG. 11 ,core 422 comprises a multi-piece construction or assembly comprising core halves orportions 500, 502 andassembly bands Portions 500 and 502 are configured to join to one another to form the completed core shown inFIG. 12 . In the example illustrated, portion 500 includesposts 503 which fit within correspondingbores 504 inportion 502. In other implementations, such interlocking features may be omitted. -
Bands bands grooves bands join portions 500, 502 untilsuch bands channels bands - As further shown by
FIG. 11 , each ofportions 500, 502 has ahollow interior 526 in which supportwalls 528 project or extend. In one implementation,walls 528 are arranged in a honeycomb pattern or arrangement withininterior 526, dividing interior 526 into a multitude ofcells 530. The hollow interior reduces the weight ofpet chew toy 420 while thewalls 528 provide internal support to inhibit collapsing ofcore 422. In other implementations,portions 500, 502 may be solid. - As shown by
FIG. 12 , each ofportions 500, 502 include circumferentially extendingprojections 548.Projections 548 comprise ribs, tongues, walls or other three-dimensional structures outwardly extending from the exterior ofcore 422.Projections 548 provide greater surface area contact betweencore 422 andanimal product layer 424.Projections 548 additionally provide shoulders or edges which inhibit sliding movement ofanimal product layer 424 relative tocore 422. In the example illustrated, each ofprojections 548 has a height extending away from surrounding exterior surfaces ofcore 422 that is less than a thickness ofanimal product layer 424, whereinanimal product layer 424 extends over and about theprojection 548 such thatprojection 548, itself, does not impact the exterior texture or ornamentation ofanimal product layer 424. In other words, none of the profile ofprojection 548 is reflected in the overlying profile ofanimal product layer 424. As a result,projection 548 may be configured to provide enhanced gripping and securement ofanimal product layer 424 whileanimal product layer 424 may be provided with a completely different texture or ornamentation, potentially more attractive, potentially corresponding to the theme ofcore 422 and potentially offering a more orally stimulating texture. In the example illustrated, the exterior ofanimal product layer 424 is provided with protruberances or bumps 580, providing an enhanced texture and correspond to bumps that may be found on the article simulated bypet chew toy 420, bumps on the skin of a chicken leg. - Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to example embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the claimed subject matter. For example, although different example embodiments may have been described as including one or more features providing one or more benefits, it is contemplated that the described features may be interchanged with one another or alternatively be combined with one another in the described example embodiments or in other alternative embodiments. Because the technology of the present disclosure is relatively complex, not all changes in the technology are foreseeable. The present disclosure described with reference to the example embodiments and set forth in the following claims is manifestly intended to be as broad as possible. For example, unless specifically otherwise noted, the claims reciting a single particular element also encompass a plurality of such particular elements.
Claims (20)
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US20180035644A1 (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2018-02-08 | Doskocil Manufacturing Company, Inc. | Pet toy |
US10405521B2 (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2019-09-10 | Ffd Designs (Canada) Inc. | Chew toy for dogs |
US20180199545A1 (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2018-07-19 | Ffd Designs (Canada) Inc. | Chew toy for dogs |
USD861889S1 (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2019-10-01 | Live-Right, Llc | Teether |
USD861892S1 (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2019-10-01 | Doddle & Co., Llc | Infant teether |
USD868272S1 (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2019-11-26 | Doddle & Co., Llc | Infant teether |
CN108513922A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-09-11 | 烟台中宠宠物卫生用品有限公司 | A kind of multi-panel of pets cleans the teeth sphere and its processing technology |
USD958466S1 (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2022-07-19 | Tatty Head Ltd | Dog treat container |
USD881480S1 (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-14 | Guangzhou Jinyu outdoor products Co., Ltd. | Cat toothbrush |
US11659815B2 (en) * | 2020-01-31 | 2023-05-30 | Doskocil Manufacturing Company, Inc. | Pet toy |
USD934436S1 (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2021-10-26 | Linjie Xia | Teether |
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