US20140204807A1 - Method and apparatus for performing uplink/downlink transmission in a flexible subframe - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for performing uplink/downlink transmission in a flexible subframe Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140204807A1
US20140204807A1 US14/158,073 US201414158073A US2014204807A1 US 20140204807 A1 US20140204807 A1 US 20140204807A1 US 201414158073 A US201414158073 A US 201414158073A US 2014204807 A1 US2014204807 A1 US 2014204807A1
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subframe
transmission
downlink
flexible
flexible subframe
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Yingyang Li
Chengjun SUN
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Assigned to SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. reassignment SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LI, YINGYANG, SUN, CHENGJUN
Publication of US20140204807A1 publication Critical patent/US20140204807A1/en
Priority to US15/232,291 priority Critical patent/US11101921B2/en
Priority to US17/398,687 priority patent/US11894924B2/en
Priority to US18/430,820 priority patent/US20240171302A1/en
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    • H04W72/048—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
    • H04L1/0026—Transmission of channel quality indication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H04B1/50—Circuits using different frequencies for the two directions of communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/1607—Details of the supervisory signal
    • H04L1/1671—Details of the supervisory signal the supervisory signal being transmitted together with control information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1812—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A) or DMT
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signalling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/541—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using the level of interference
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to wireless communication systems, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for performing UpLink/DownLink (UL/DL) transmission in a flexible subframe.
  • UL/DL UpLink/DownLink
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a frame structure of a TDD system.
  • Each radio frame has a length of 10 ms and is equally divided into two half frames each having a length of 5 ms.
  • Each half frame includes eight time slots that each have a length of 0.5 ms.
  • Each half frame further includes three special fields (i.e., Downlink Pilot Time Slot (DwPTS), Guarding Period (GP), and Uplink Pilot Time Slot (UpPTS)).
  • the combined length of the three special fields is 1 ms.
  • Each subframe includes two consecutive time slots (e.g., the k'th subframe includes time slot 2k and time slot 2k+1).
  • a TDD system supports seven types of UL/DL configurations, as shown in Table 1.
  • D represents a downlink subframe
  • U represents an uplink subframe
  • S represents a special subframe including the 3 special fields.
  • subframe 0 subframe 5
  • DwPTS in subframe 1 DwPTS in subframe 6
  • subframe 2 subframe 1
  • UpPTS in subframe 6 are always used for uplink transmission.
  • the other 5 subframes i.e., subframes 3, 4, 7, 8 and 9) are used as downlink subframes in some UL/DL configurations and are used as uplink subframes in other UL/DL configurations.
  • the UL/DL configuration adopted by a cell is configured via broadcast signaling (i.e., the UL/DL configuration is included in system information block 1 (SIB1)).
  • SIB1 system information block 1
  • the LTE system supports at least 640 ms between changes of UL/DL configurations and a maximum of 32 changes of system information every 3 hours, according to conventional standards.
  • 3GPP 3 rd Generation Partnership Project
  • the 3GPP may change UL/DL configuration more frequently, such as one UL/DL configuration change every 200 ms in a semi-static changing scheme; or changing UL/DL configuration every 10 ms, which is the length of a radio frame.
  • a base station scheduler may change the distribution of UL/DL subframes according to service demands, and keep the system running properly by adopting a certain scheduling limiting scheme.
  • a UE does is not required to know which of the seven UL/DL configurations the UE is running under.
  • the distribution of working UL/DL subframes is not necessarily limited to the seven UL/DL configurations as shown in Table 1 (i.e., the distribution of UL/DL subframes actually adopted by the system may be transparent to UEs).
  • a base station may adjust the distribution of UL/DL subframes based on current distribution of UL/DL traffic to optimize system performances.
  • a cell using the subframe for uplink transmission an uplink signal of a UE may suffer interference caused by a downlink signal from an adjacent base station.
  • a downlink signal transmitted to a UE in the cell may suffer interference caused by an uplink signal from a UE in an adjacent cell.
  • conventional LTE TDD systems there is no such base station-to-base station interference and UE-to-UE interference caused by subframes on the same timing position. Such changes in interference may affect transmission of downlink control signaling and downlink data in the flexible subframes.
  • the present invention has been made to address at least the problems and disadvantages described above and to provide at least the advantages described below.
  • an aspect of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for performing UpLink/DownLink (UL/DL) transmission in a flexible subframe to improve performances of UL/DL transmission in a flexible subframe.
  • UL/DL UpLink/DownLink
  • a method performed by a User Equipment (UE) for performing UL/DL transmission in a flexible subframe includes receiving downlink transmission configuration information in a flexible subframe that is different from configuration information of a subframe that has a fixed duplexing direction; detecting downlink control information transmitted by a base station in the flexible subframe; receiving downlink data corresponding to the downlink control information; and reporting Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgment (HARQ-ACK) for the downlink data and downlink Channel State Indication (CSI) information to the base station.
  • HARQ-ACK Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgment
  • an apparatus for performing uplink/downlink (UL/DL) transmission in a flexible subframe includes a sending/receiving module configured to receive downlink transmission configuration information in a flexible subframe, send the configuration information to a configuring module, detect downlink control information sent by a base station in the flexible subframe, and receive downlink data corresponding to the downlink control information; the configuring module configured to perform configurations for a flexible subframe that are different from configurations for a subframe whose duplexing direction is fixed; and a feeding back module configured to report HARQ-ACK for the downlink data and CSI to the base station.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a frame structure in a TDD system
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for performing UL/DL transmission in a flexible subframe according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an interference measuring signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of an apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 5 to 8 are flowcharts illustrating various examples of operations performed in a method for performing UL/DL transmission in a flexible subframe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a UE according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a UL/DL configuration is still sent in broadcast channel SIB1 in order to provide backward compatibility, and all UEs in a cell can receive the UL/DL configuration, which is referred to herein as “SIB1 backward UL/DL configuration”.
  • SIB1 backward UL/DL configuration UEs may be classified into two categories based on whether the UEs supports flexible configuration of distribution of UL/DL subframes. One of the two categories includes UEs that do not support flexible configuration of distribution of UL/DL subframes. UEs of category one may only work according to SIB1 backward UL/DL configuration.
  • a base station scheduler When a base station changes the transmission directions of certain subframes, a base station scheduler performs certain actions to avoid scheduling UL/DL transmission of UEs of category one in those subframes whose duplexing directions are changed so as to guarantee normal UL/DL data transmission of the UEs of category one.
  • the other of the two categories includes UEs that support flexible configuration of distribution of UL/DL subframes.
  • a method according an embodiment of the present invention is applied to this category of UEs that support flexible configuration of distribution of UL/DL subframes.
  • System performances can be optimized by defining actions of UEs of category two.
  • a method for determining a flexible subframe if a UE transmits PDSCH based on DL reference UL/DL configurations, a subframe that is an uplink subframe in SIB1 UL/DL configuration and is a downlink subframe in the DL reference UL/DL configuration is determined to be a flexible subframe.
  • some cells perform uplink transmission while other cells perform downlink transmission, which results in mutual interference between uplink and downlink transmissions.
  • an uplink signal of a UE in the cell may suffer interference caused by a downlink signal from an adjacent base station.
  • a downlink signal transmitted to a UE in the cell may also suffer interference caused by an uplink signal from a UE in an adjacent cell.
  • conventional LTE TDD systems there is no such interference between base stations and between UEs, since all base stations in conventional LTE TDD systems have the same duplexing direction in a timing position of a subframe.
  • the changes in the distribution of interference may affect UL/DL data transmission in a flexible subframe (e.g., transmission of Enhanced Physical Downlink Control channel (EPDCCH), transmission of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), and transmission of physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)).
  • a flexible subframe e.g., transmission of Enhanced Physical Downlink Control channel (EPDCCH), transmission of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), and transmission of physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)).
  • EPDCCH Enhanced Physical Downlink Control channel
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for UL/DL transmission in a flexible subframe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a UE receives configuration information of downlink transmission in a flexible subframe.
  • the configuration information is different from configuration information of subframes with fixed duplexing directions.
  • a first method for performing uplink/downlink transmission in a flexible subframe according to an embodiment of the present invention includes adopting, when the flexible subframe is used for downlink transmission, a subframe structure of a Multicast Broadcast
  • MMSFN Single Frequency Network
  • CRS Cell-Specific Reference Signal
  • downlink control information are transmitted in the forepart of the flexible subframe, and transmitting a PDSCH in a data field of the flexible subframe.
  • the first method for performing uplink/downlink transmission in a flexible subframe further includes adopting, when the flexible subframe is used for uplink transmission, the subframe structure of the MBSFN, transmitting CRS and downlink control information in the forepart of the flexible subframe, and transmitting a PUSCH in the data field of the flexible subframe.
  • N is the total number of OFDM symbols and the subframe structure of the MBSFN is adopted and a number “m” of OFDM symbols is used for downlink transmission which are located at the forepart of the subframe
  • SCFDMA Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Address
  • a subframe adopting a subframe the MBSFN structure is referred to as an “MBSFN subframe”, and a subframe that does not adopt the subframe the MBSFN structure is referred to as a “non-MBSFN subframe”.
  • a first example of the first method for determining resources for uplink transmission based on MBSFN includes determining that the number of OFDM symbols available for downlink transmission, which is represented by “n”, by using a Physical Control Format Indicator CHannel (PCFICH) of a MBSFN subframe.
  • PCFICH Physical Control Format Indicator CHannel
  • the first n OFDM symbols in the subframe are regarded as dedicated for downlink transmission, and remaining time of the subframe may be used for uplink transmission.
  • a second example of the first method for determining resources for uplink transmission based on MBSFN includes generating OFDM symbols at the forepart of the MBSFN subframe including a CRS dedicated for downlink transmission, and making remaining part of the subframe available for uplink transmission.
  • a CRS dedicated for downlink transmission When there are one or two CRS ports, only the first OFDM symbol of the subframe is dedicated for downlink transmission. Alternatively, when there are four CRS ports, the first two OFDM symbols are dedicated for downlink transmission.
  • a third example of the first method for determining resources for uplink transmission based on MBSFN includes generating OFDM symbols located at the forepart of the MBSFN subframe including a CRS dedicated for downlink transmission, generating OFDM symbols that may be occupied by Physical HARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH) transmission dedicated for downlink transmission (i.e., the number of symbols dedicated for downlink transmission is max(N CRS ,N PHICH )), and making the remaining time of the subframe available for uplink transmission.
  • PHICH Physical HARQ Indicator Channel
  • N CRS denotes the number of OFDM symbols located at the forepart of a MBSFN subframe including CRS
  • N PHICH denotes the time length of PHICH configured in P-BCH (i.e., the number of OFDM symbols occupied by PHICH transmission).
  • the fourth example of the first method for determining resources for uplink transmission based on MBSFN includes for a flexible MBSFN subframe in which PHICH may be transmitted, determining the number of OFDM symbols dedicated for downlink transmission according to the third example described above, and determining that a remaining time of the subframe is available for uplink transmission; determining, for a flexible MBSFN subframe which does not transmit PHICH, the number of OFDM symbols dedicated for downlink transmission according to the second example described above, and determining that a remaining time of the subframe is available for uplink transmission, since fewer than all subframes are able to transmit uplink scheduling information (i.e., a UL grant) and PHICH according to a timing scheme of HARQ for PUSCH in LTE systems.
  • uplink scheduling information i.e., a UL grant
  • the fifth example of the first method for determining resources for uplink transmission based on MBSFN includes configuring the number of OFDM symbols dedicated for downlink transmission in a flexible MBSFN subframe via higher layer signaling, or configuring the index of an OFDM symbol which is the start position of symbols for uplink transmission via higher layer signaling.
  • the higher layer may configure multiple different types of PUSCH transmission configuration information for flexible subframes. Each type of PUSCH transmission configuration indicates a different number of OFDM symbols dedicated for downlink transmission, and the remaining time of the subframe may be used for uplink transmission.
  • the last four examples (i.e., the second through fifth examples) of the first method for performing UL/DL transmission in a flexible subframe may be implemented in a base station by setting a value of PCFICH of an MBSFN to be the number of OFDM symbols actually used for downlink transmission.
  • the above-described first method for performing UL/DL transmission in a flexible subframe adopts a subframe structure of MBSFN, which guarantees CRS transmission free from influence of changes in duplexing direction of the subframe. Therefore, when such flexible subframes are used for uplink transmission, Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements of lower version UEs that do not support flexible subframes will not be influenced.
  • RRM Radio Resource Management
  • a second method for performing UL/DL transmission in a flexible subframe includes when a flexible subframe is used for downlink transmission, transmitting no CRSs within the flexible subframe, determining that all OFDM symbols in the subframe are available for downlink transmission, and transmitting downlink control signaling only through frequency division multiplexing with PDSCH (e.g., using EPDCCH defined in LTE Release 11), when transmitting downlink control signaling; and determining, when the flexible subframe is used for uplink transmission, that all of the OFDM symbols are available for uplink transmission.
  • PDSCH e.g., using EPDCCH defined in LTE Release 11
  • DMRS DeModulation Reference Signal
  • a third method for performing UL/DL transmission in a flexible subframe is described as follows.
  • a flexible subframe is used for downlink transmission, a CRS having a regular CRS structure of a subframe is transmitted throughout the whole subframe, and Resource Elements (REs) other than the CRS are available for downlink transmission.
  • REs Resource Elements
  • all downlink transmission modes that are defined in LTE systems and that need CRS transmission are available to be applied to the flexible subframe.
  • OFDM symbols are available to be used for uplink transmission.
  • the system is able to configure four different types of configuration information for RE mapping and Quasi Co-Location (QCL) of PDSCH and indicates the type of RE mapping and QCL adopted by the current PDSCH transmission via two bits in a Downlink Control Indication (DCI) format.
  • Parameters involved in the process may include the number of CRS ports, the index of OFDM symbol which is the start position of symbols used for PDSCH mapping, MBSFN subframe configuration, configuration a of Non-Zero Power Channel State Indication Reference Signal (NZP CSI-RS) and configuration of a Zero Power Channel State Indication Reference Signal (ZP CSI-RS), and so on.
  • the CRS structure adopted by a flexible subframe may be configured by using a dedicated signaling mechanism.
  • the UE may determine a CRS is included in a flexible subframe.
  • the UE determines whether a flexible subframe includes a CRS and the structure of the subframe having a CRS based on PDSCH RE mapping and QCL configuration.
  • a conventional MBSFN configuration may be used for specifying whether a flexible subframe used for downlink transmission adopts a structure of a regular subframe having CRS or a structure of an MBSFN subframe having CRS. For example, if uplink subframes in SIB1 UL/DL configuration are flexible subframes, when a bit corresponding to the uplink subframe is set in MBSFN configuration, the flexible subframe adopts the structure of an MBSFN subframe having CRS when the flexible subframe is used for downlink transmission. Meanwhile, when the bit corresponding to the uplink subframe is cleared in the MBSFN configuration, the flexible subframe adopts the structure of a regular subframe having CRS when the flexible subframe is used for downlink transmission.
  • RE mapping and QCL configuration may be different from the configuration of a subframe dedicated for downlink transmission.
  • the CRS structure in the flexible subframe may be different from the CRS structure in the subframe dedicated for downlink transmission, and correspondingly, the RE mapping method for PDSCH may also be different.
  • all REs in a flexible subframe may be available for PDSCH transmission when there is no CRS within the subframe.
  • QCL configuration of a flexible subframe may also be different from that of a subframe dedicated for downlink transmission.
  • a configuration for a ZP CSI-RS may be configured.
  • a UE may disregard REs occupied by ZP CSI-RS during rate matching, and skip the REs configured to be occupied by ZP CSI-RS during RE mapping.
  • the ZP CSI-RS may be used for improve measurement accuracy of CSI-RS of other cells, and may also include Interference Measurement Resources (IMR).
  • the ZP CSI-RS can include one or multiple IMR resources, which are subjected to eNB configuration.
  • the ZP CSI-RS includes IMR, the inclusion of IMR indicates that the influence of IMR has been counteracted during rate matching and RE mapping.
  • ZP CSI-RS When the ZP CSI-RS does not include IMR, no particular processing is performed on IMR during rate matching and RE mapping i.e., rate matching is performed assuming that IMR may transmit PDSCH, but PDSCH may not be transmitted in IMR during RE mapping, which leads to deterioration of PDSCH link performances.
  • configuration of ZP CSI-RS is implemented through configuration of a cyclic period “T” and a subframe offset “k”, i.e., ZP CSI-RS is configured once for every T subframes and occupies the k'th subframe in each cyclic period.
  • the cyclic period T of ZP CSI-RS is an integral multiple of 5 ms.
  • FIGS. 5 to 8 are flowcharts illustrating various examples of operations performed in a method for performing UL/DL transmission in a flexible subframe according to an embodiment of the present invention. More specifically, steps 201 A, 201 B, 201 C, and 201 D in FIGS. 5-8 , respectively, are examples of operations performed according to step 201 described with respect to FIG. 2 . Meanwhile, step 202 in each of FIGS. 5-8 correspond to step 202 of FIG. 2 .
  • a step 201 A is an example of an operation performed according to step 201 in FIG. 2 .
  • a UE receives the configuration information on IMR, wherein the configuration information for a flexible subframe can be different from configuration information for a fixed subframe. Since the distribution of interferences in a flexible subframe is different from the distribution in a subframe dedicated for downlink transmission, interference measurement signals may be configured respectively in the subframe dedicated for downlink transmission and in the flexible subframe to measure interferences in the subframe dedicated for downlink transmission and in the flexible subframe respectively.
  • the IMR structure defined in LTE Release 11 may be used.
  • two IMR may be configured for two different subframe sets, respectively.
  • One of the two IMR may have some or all of the above parameters, i.e., the cyclic period T i , the subframe offset k i and the RE resources of CSI-RS occupied by the IMR in a subframe, different from corresponding parameters of the other one of the two IMR.
  • the two IMR may have the same cyclic period and occupy the same RE resources of CSI-RS in a subframe, but have different subframe offsets. Different subframe offsets guarantee that the two IMR are located in two different subframe sets, so that interferences in the two subframe sets may be measured respectively.
  • One subframe set may include all the subframes dedicated for downlink transmission, and the other subframe set may include all the flexible subframes.
  • the subframe sets may be classified based on interference levels instead of based on flexible subframes and subframes dedicated for downlink transmission.
  • one subframe set may include all subframes dedicated for downlink transmission and flexible subframes whose interferences are mainly caused by downlink transmission in other cells, and the other subframe set may include the other flexible subframes by excluding the flexible subframes in the first subframe set.
  • different flexible subframes may generally have different distributions of interferences. For example, if subframes 3, 4, 8 and 9 are flexible subframes, subframes 3 and 8 have higher probabilities of being used for uplink transmission than subframes 4 and 9, therefore the interference distribution may be different.
  • subframes may be divided into N (where N is greater than 2) subframe sets to have the flexible subframes classified into multiple subframe sets, where each subframe set only includes flexible subframes having similar interference levels and/or subframes dedicated for downlink transmission.
  • N IMR (where N is greater than 2) may be configured for use by the N different subframe sets respectively. This configuration can be regarded as an extension of the above-described IMR allocation method.
  • subframes 0 and 1 in a half frame are generally dedicated for downlink transmission, and subframes 3 and 4 in the half frame may be flexible subframes.
  • the above ZP CSI-RS configured based on multiples of 5 ms cannot cover all IMR, and thus leads to deterioration in link performances of PDSCH transmission.
  • a step 201 B is an example of an operation performed according to step 201 in FIG. 2 .
  • a UE receives the configuration information on PDSCH RE mapping and QCL, wherein the configuration information for a flexible subframe can be different from configuration information for a fixed subframe.
  • Different ZP CSI-RSs may be configured for subframes dedicated for downlink transmission and flexible subframes during configuration of RE mapping and QCL of PDSCH.
  • subframes dedicated for downlink transmission and flexible subframes may have respective cyclic periods of ZP CSI-RS and subframe offsets configured individually.
  • the ZP CSI-RS configured for flexible subframes may include resources used as IMR to guarantee the link performances of PDSCH transmission.
  • the RE mapping and QCL configuration information may also include extra information indicating IMR.
  • the extra information could reuse the same configuration scheme for IMR as defined in the LTE Release 11 system.
  • the extra information indicating IMR may be added into RE mapping and QCL. In this case, the extra information will indicate that “a UE may delete the REs occupied by IMR during rate matching and skip those REs occupied by IMR during RE mapping”.
  • the information may indicate the IMR only for flexible subframes, or may indicate both the IMR for flexible subframes and the IMR for subframes dedicated for downlink transmission.
  • a first method for configuring RE mapping and QCL configuration information of PDSCH of flexible subframes includes configuring four types of RE mapping and QCL configuration information of a PDSCH, which are applied to all subframes.
  • the four types of configuration information may be directly applied to subframes dedicated for downlink transmission, and may be applied to flexible subframes with respective schemes for configuring RE mapping and QCL of PDSCH adjusted.
  • MBSFN indication information is provided during configuration of RE mapping and QCL of PDSCH.
  • RE mapping of PDSCH is performed based on a CRS structure of a regular subframe when the subframe is indicated as a non-MBSFN subframe, and is performed based on the CRS structure of an MBSFN subframe when the subframe is indicated as an MBSFN subframe.
  • RE mapping may be performed based on the structure of an MBSFN subframe including a CRS of a subframe without a CRS according to higher layer signaling.
  • a new information field may be added into RE and QCL configuration information of PDSCH to specify whether the RE mapping is performed based on the structure of an MBSFN subframe having a CRS or the structure of a subframe without a CRS; alternatively, conventional MBSFN indication information may be adopted to specify whether the structure of an MBSFN subframe having a CRS or the structure of a subframe without a CRS is to be adopted for RE mapping.
  • RE mapping of a PDSCH is performed for a flexible subframe indicated as an MBSFN subframe by using the structure of an MBSFN subframe having a CRS for transmission.
  • RE mapping of PDSCH is performed for a flexible subframe indicated as a non-MBSFN subframe by using a structure of a subframe without CRS, i.e., assuming that the whole subframe does not include CRS RE, i.e., assuming the number of CRS ports is 0.
  • an RE mapping scheme may be defined for each of the four types of PDSCH RE mapping and QCL configuration information by using the MBSFN indication information.
  • the MBSFN indication information may specify a subframe adopts the structure of an MBSFN subframe having CRS for RE mapping and for another type of RE mapping and QCL configuration information, the MBSFN indication information may specify RE mapping of the same subframe is performed, by assuming there is no CRS.
  • the RE mapping and QCL configuration may only have to specify which of the two structures is to be adopted.
  • RE mapping is performed based on the structure of a regular subframe that has a CRS or the structure of a subframe without a CRS, as indicated in higher layer signaling.
  • a new information field may be added in PDSCH RE and QCL configuration information, in order to specify whether the RE mapping is performed based on the structure of a regular subframe having CRS or the structure of a subframe without CRS.
  • conventional MBSFN indication information may be adopted to specify the structure adopted by RE mapping is of a regular subframe or of a subframe without CRS.
  • an RE available for PDSCH transmission in a flexible subframe indicated as an MBSFN subframe may be determined by using the structure of a subframe without a CRS (i.e., the RE mapping is performed by assuming that the whole subframe does not include a CRS RE, by assuming the number of CRS ports is 0);
  • RE mapping for PDSCH transmission may performed in a flexible subframe indicated as a non-MBSFN subframe according to the structure of a regular subframe.
  • the MBSFN indication information may be used for defining the RE mapping scheme for each of the four types of RE mapping and QCL configuration information of PDSCH.
  • the MBSFN indication information may specify that RE mapping of a subframe is performed by using the structure of a regular subframe having a CRS; and for another type of RE mapping and QCL configuration information, the MBSFN indication information may specify that RE mapping of the same subframe is performed under the assumption that there is no CRS.
  • the above structure of a subframe without a CRS may be replaced with the structure of an MBSFN subframe that has a CRS, and therefore downlink transmission in a flexible subframe may be configured to adopt one of the structure of a regular subframe that has a CRS and the structure of an MBSFN structure that has a CRS.
  • the four types of RE mapping and QCL configuration information of PDSCH all indicate RE mapping is performed under the assumption that the entire subframe does not include any CRS REs, and therefore only have to indicate other information that may affect RE mapping and QCL information.
  • the RE mapping scheme may be determined based on the duplexing direction indicated in SIB1 for the flexible subframe. More specifically, if SIB1 indicates the flexible subframe is a downlink subframe, RE mapping is performed according to the CRS structure of an MBSFN subframe; if SIB1 indicates the flexible subframe is an uplink subframe, RE mapping is performed according to a method when there is no CRS.
  • MBSFN indication information and the duplexing direction indicated in SIB1 for a flexible subframe may be used in combination for determining the RE mapping scheme.
  • SIB1 indicates a flexible subframe is a downlink subframe
  • RE mapping is carried out based on the CRS structure of an MBSFN subframe
  • the flexible subframe is an MBSFN subframe
  • RE mapping is carried out based on the CRS structure of a regular subframe.
  • SIB1 indicates a flexible subframe is uplink
  • RE mapping is carried out by assuming there is no CRS.
  • a subframe dedicated for downlink transmission and a flexible subframe may have different ZP CSI-RSs configured in RE mapping and QCL configuration of PDSCH.
  • the ZP CSI-RS of a flexible subframe has different cyclic period and subframe offset from the ZP CSI-RS of a subframe dedicated for downlink transmission. Therefore, influence of IMR can be eliminated during rate matching and RE mapping for a flexible subframe so as to improve link performances of PDSCH transmission.
  • the RE mapping and QCL configuration information may also include extra information indicating IMR. The extra information could reuse the same configuration scheme for IMR as defined in the LTE Release 11 system.
  • the extra information indicating IMR is added into RE mapping and QCL.
  • the extra information will indicate “a UE may delete the REs occupied by IMR during rate matching and skip those REs occupied by IMR during RE mapping”.
  • the information may indicate only the IMR for flexible subframes, or may indicate the IMR for flexible subframes and the IMR for subframes dedicated for downlink transmission respectively.
  • a second method for configuring RE mapping and QCL configuration information of PDSCH of flexible subframes includes higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC) may be adopted for configuring RE mapping and QCL configuration information dedicated for a flexible subframe.
  • RRC higher layer signaling
  • RE mapping scheme of PDSCH may be optimized based on whether the flexible subframe includes CRS, and a more reasonable QCL information may be configured for the flexible subframe.
  • RE mapping and QCL configuration information of PDSCH includes information on the number of CRS (Cell-specific Reference Signal) ports.
  • the number of CRS ports corresponding to a flexible subframe in the configuration information may be 0, 1, 2, or 4 ports, because the flexible subframe may adopt the structure of a subframe without CRS.
  • the number of CRS ports is set to be 0 when no CRSs are to be transmitted in the flexible subframe (i.e., the flexible subframe adopts a subframe structure without CRS).
  • RE mapping and QCL configuration information of PDSCH includes information on the index of an OFDM symbol at the starting position for PDSCH mapping.
  • a flexible subframe may be not allowed to transmit PDCCH because the flexible subframe may adopt a subframe structure without CRS, and therefore, all OFDM symbols in the subframe may be available for PDSCH transmission.
  • the index of the OFDM symbol at the starting position may be one of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4.
  • the index of the starting OFDM symbol may be set to be 4 only when the system bandwidth is smaller than 10 Physical Resource Blocks (PRB).
  • PRB Physical Resource Blocks
  • a flexible subframe includes a CRS
  • two methods may be adopted to solve the conflict.
  • One method generates REs other than those occupied by the PCFICH and the PHICH be used for PDSCH transmission; the other method receives a PDSCH from all OFDM symbols starting from the index of the starting OFDM symbol (i.e., the UE assumes the PDSCH is also transmitted also in REs occupied by the PCFICH and the PHICH).
  • the flexible subframe adopts a structure of a regular subframe, a structure of an MBSFN subframe having a CRS or a structure of a subframe without a CRS for performing downlink transmission, one of the three above-described CRS structures is indicated during configuration of RE mapping and QCL information for a flexible subframe to perform RE mapping.
  • a flexible subframe adopts only the MBSFN structure or the structure without a CRS for downlink transmission, the configuration information of RE mapping and QCL only has to identify which of the two structures is to be adopted.
  • MBSFN indication information is provided during configuration of RE mapping and QCL of PDSCH.
  • RE mapping is performed based on the CRS structure of an MBSFN subframe or of a regular subframe according to higher layer signaling.
  • a new information field may be added in RE and QCL configuration information of PDSCH to specify whether the RE mapping is performed based on the CRS structure of an MBSFN subframe or the structure of a subframe without CRS.
  • conventional MBSFN indication information may be adopted to specify the structure adopted by RE mapping is the structure of an MBSFN subframe or the structure of a subframe without CRS.
  • a flexible subframe indicated as an MBSFN subframe may adopt the MBSFN structure and identify the RE for PDSCH transmission by using the number of CRS ports and frequency offset; a flexible subframe indicated as a non-MBSFN subframe may perform RE mapping of PDSCH by assuming there is no CRS.
  • the MBSFN indication information may be used for defining the RE mapping scheme for each of the four types of RE mapping and QCL configuration information of PDSCH.
  • one type of RE mapping and QCL configuration information may use the MBSFN indication information to indicate RE mapping of a subframe is performed based on the CRS structure of an MBSFN subframe; and another type of RE mapping and QCL configuration information may use the MBSFN indication information to indicate RE mapping of the same subframe is performed assuming there is no CRS.
  • the RE mapping and QCL configuration information may only have to specify which of the above two structures is to be adopted.
  • RE mapping is performed based on the structure of a regular subframe having CRS or the structure of a subframe without CRS as indicated in higher layer signaling.
  • a new information field may be added in PDSCH RE and QCL configuration information to specify whether the RE mapping is performed based on the structure of a regular subframe having CRS or the structure of a subframe without CRS.
  • conventional MBSFN indication information may be adopted to specify the structure adopted by RE mapping is of a regular subframe having CRS or of a subframe without a CRS.
  • an RE available for PDSCH transmission in a flexible subframe indicated as an MBSFN subframe may be determined by using the structure of a subframe without a CRS
  • RE mapping for PDSCH transmission may be performed in a flexible subframe indicated as a non-MBSFN subframe according to the structure of a regular subframe having CRS.
  • the MBSFN indication information may be used for defining the RE mapping scheme for each of the four types of RE mapping and QCL configuration information of PDSCH.
  • the MBSFN indication information may specify RE mapping of a subframe is performed by using the structure of a regular subframe having CRS; and for another type of RE mapping and QCL configuration information, the MBSFN indication information may specify RE mapping of the same subframe is performed by assuming there is no CRS.
  • the above structure of a subframe without a CRS may be replaced with the structure of an MBSFN subframe having CRS, and therefore downlink transmission in a flexible subframe may be configured to adopt one of the structure of a regular subframe that has a CRS and the structure of an MBSFN structure that has a CRS.
  • the configuration information of RE mapping and QCL only needs to indicate other information that may affect RE mapping and QCL information.
  • Other parameters related with RE mapping and QCL may also differ for the two types of subframes (i.e., the flexible subframes and subframes having fixed duplexing directions).
  • configuration information of RE mapping and QCL having the same index may correspond to different NZP CSI-RS resources.
  • ZP CSI-RS configuration dedicated to a flexible subframe may be set in the configuration information of RE mapping and QCL of PDSCH.
  • the ZP CSI-RS of a flexible subframe has a different cyclic period and subframe offset than the ZP CSI-RS of a subframe dedicated for downlink transmission. Therefore, influence of IMR can be eliminated during rate matching and RE mapping for a flexible subframe, so as to improve link performances of PDSCH transmission.
  • the RE mapping and QCL configuration information may also include extra information indicating IMR. The extra information could reuse the same configuration scheme for IMR as defined in the LTE Release 11 system. Unlike the manner defined in Release 11, the extra information indicating IMR is added into RE mapping and QCL.
  • the extra information will indicate “a UE may delete the REs occupied by IMR during rate matching and skip those REs occupied by IMR during RE mapping”.
  • the information may indicate the IMR only for flexible subframes, or may indicate the IMR for flexible subframes and the IMR for subframes dedicated for downlink transmission respectively.
  • a third method for configuring RE mapping and QCL configuration information of PDSCH of flexible subframes is described as follows.
  • a flexible subframe always adopts the same configuration information of RE mapping and QCL.
  • the configuration information of RE mapping and QCL may be dedicatedly configured for the flexible subframe via RRC signaling, or may be one of the four types of configuration information of RE mapping and QCL for subframes dedicated for downlink transmission.
  • a step 201 C is an example of an operation performed according to step 201 in FIG. 2 .
  • a UE receives the configuration information on PUSCH, wherein the configuration information for a flexible subframe can be different from configuration information for a fixed subframe. Similar to the method that defines four types of configurations of RE mapping and QCL for PDSCH transmission of a UE, multiple types of PUSCH transmission configurations may be configured for PUSCH transmission of a UE, and the type of PUSCH transmission configuration to be adopted may be dynamically indicated in a DCI format that is for scheduling uplink transmission.
  • one possible variable parameter is the start position of OFDM symbols for PUSCH transmission.
  • Two RE mapping schemes of a PUSCH may be defined by using the parameter One of these two RE mapping schemes indicates that a time period except the first OFDM symbol may be used for uplink transmission
  • the other of two the RE mapping schemes may indicates that all symbols in the subframe may be used for uplink transmission.
  • Another possible parameter indicates whether a cell-specific SRS symbol is configured in the uplink subframe, i.e., whether the last SCFDMA symbol in the subframe is reserved and thus is not available for PUSCH transmission.
  • a Time Advance (TA) of PUSCH transmission may also be configured.
  • Downlink reference timing for PUSCH transmission of a UE may also be configured.
  • the configuration may indicate which NZP CSI-RS the UE may use to measure downlink signals to determine the uplink transmission time of the UE.
  • the TP from which the UE may receive PUSCH can be dynamically selected, thus link performances can be optimized.
  • multiple types of configurations for PUSCH transmission may be configured and applied to all subframes.
  • the flexible subframe and the subframe dedicated for uplink transmission may have respective configurations of PUSCH transmission configured via individual signaling.
  • a step 201 D is an example of an operation performed according to step 201 in FIG. 2 .
  • a UE receives the configuration information on EPDCCH, wherein the configuration information for a flexible subframe can be different from configuration information for a fixed subframe.
  • an EPDCCH transmitted in the flexible subframe may adopt a configuration method different from configuration methods of other subframes dedicated for downlink transmission.
  • the two types of subframes i.e., the flexible subframes and the subframes having fixed duplexing direction
  • have different interference distributions needs to take influences of uplink transmission of other cells into consideration during EPDCCH transmission, and therefore, may have different PRBs that are suitable for respective EPDCCH transmission.
  • Parameters of an EPDCCH set dedicated for EPDCCH transmission in a flexible subframe may be configured via RRC signaling.
  • One or more of the following parameters of an EPDCCH set may be different from that of a subframe dedicated for downlink transmission:
  • the number of EPDCCH sets for UE blind detection may be configured, i.e., the number of EPDCCH sets detected by the same UE in the above two types of subframes may be different.
  • the type of EPDCCH set may be configured, which may be a distributed EPDCCH set or a localized EPDCCH set, and the type of EPDCCH sets or the number of each type of EPDCCH sets detected by a UE in the above two types of subframes may be different.
  • the number and the index of PRB pairs occupied by an EPDCCH set may be configured.
  • the number of PRB pairs included in an EPDCCH set may be 2, 4 or 8, and the number and the index of PRB pairs detected by a UE in the above two types of subframes may be different.
  • the number of candidate EPDCCH of each converging level in an EPDCCH set may be configured, i.e., the number of candidate EPDCCH at each converging level of one EPDCCH set corresponding to the two types of subframes of the UE may be different.
  • the smallest converging level available for EPDCCH in a flexible subframe may be two Enhanced Control Channel Elements (ECCEs); or the smallest converging level of EPDCCH may be configured according to the interference level of the flexible subframe. For example, if the interference is strong, the smallest converging level may be configured as two ECCEs via higher layer signaling.
  • the start position of the OFDM symbols for EPDCCH transmission in an EPDCCH set may be configured, i.e., the start position of OFDM symbols for EPDCCH transmission in the above two types of subframes of a UE may be different.
  • Different start positions of OFDM symbols for EPDCCH transmission may be configured for flexible subframes of MBSFN type and for flexible subframes in which CRS has been removed.
  • RE mapping of EPDCCH of a flexible subframe in which a CRS has been removed may be performed from the start position of OFDM symbols in the subframe.
  • the RE mapping method for an EPDCCH may be configured, i.e., the method of performing RE mapping for the same EPDCCH in the above two types of subframes of a UE may be different. Configurations of a ZP CSI-RS that must be considered during RE mapping may also be different for the two types of subframes.
  • the subframe may be defined such that only a regression mode can be adopted for UL/DL data transmission in a flexible subframe.
  • a subframe may be defined such that only Space-Frequency Block Coding (SFBC)-based transmission diversity technique can be used for downlink data transmission, so that a UE only needs to use Detect Control Information format 1A (DCI 1A) in a UE-specific searching space of the UE, Alternatively, a UE may use only DCI format 0 for scheduling single transmitting antenna based uplink data transmission in a flexible subframe.
  • SFBC Space-Frequency Block Coding
  • EPDCCH set of a UE in transmission mode 10, configuration of RE mapping and QCL for each EPDCCH set of a UE is kept consistent with one of the 4 configurations of RE mapping and QCL of PDSCH of the UE. Therefore, different EPDCCH sets may be in QCL relation with different NZP CSI-RS. There may be different ZP CSI-RS configurations, and the number of CRS ports and MBSFN subframe configuration may also be different.
  • each EPDCCH set is kept consistent with one of the above four types of configurations.
  • the above-described second method of configuring RE mapping and QCL of a PDSCH is adopted, i.e., dedicated configurations of RE mapping and a QCL of a PDSCH is defined for flexible subframes, each EPDCCH in a flexible subframe may be consistent with one of the dedicated configurations of RE mapping and a QCL of a PDSCH.
  • a relation that associates the index of an EPDCCH set of a flexible subframe with corresponding index of RE mapping and QCL information of a PDSCH may be consistent with that of subframes dedicated for downlink transmission. Therefore, no extra signaling is needed. Alternatively, extra RRC signaling may be transmitted to configure the relation that associates an EPDCCH set with RE mapping and QCL information of a PDSCH for flexible subframes.
  • EPDCCH sets having the same index may have different QCL relations in the two types of subframes, i.e., CSI-RS resources of DMRS that satisfy QCL relations and correspond to the same EPDCCH set may be different for the two types of subframes of a UE.
  • this absence of a new configuration may be interpreted as a default situation, in which the flexible subframe adopts the same parameters of an EPDCCH set with that adopted by a subframe dedicated for downlink transmission.
  • transmission mode 10 if new RE mapping and QCL relation of an EPDCCH set are not configured for a flexible subframe, this absence of a new configuration may be regarded as a default situation, in which the flexible subframe adopts the same RE mapping and QCL relation with those adopted by other subframes dedicated for downlink transmission.
  • a UE detects downlink control information transmitted by a base station in a flexible subframe, receives downlink data corresponding to the downlink control information, and reports HARQ-ACK of the downlink data and downlink channel state indication information (CSI) to the base station.
  • CSI channel state indication information
  • subframes dedicated for downlink transmission have different interference distributions and different channel states, therefore interference signals are measured in flexible subframes and in subframes dedicated for downlink transmission respectively to obtain accurate CSI feedback information.
  • LTE Release 11 and communications according to earlier versions of the LTE standards already allow feeding back a CSI for different subframe sets.
  • subframes dedicated for downlink transmission may be defined as a subframe set in which interference is measured
  • flexible subframes may be defined as a subframe set in which interference is measured. Because a CRS is generally not transmitted in a flexible subframe or in the data field of a flexible subframe, interference may be measured in specific time-frequency resources.
  • IMR for interference measurement which is an RE occupying a CSI-RS with 4 ports is defined.
  • the current cell does not transmit downlink signals on IMR, and other cells may transmit a PDSCH on the IMR, therefore signals received from these REs directly reflect the distribution of interferences.
  • two IMR may be configured for two different respective subframe sets.
  • the two IMRs may have some or all of the above parameters, i.e., the cyclic period T i , the subframe offset k i and the RE resources of CSI-RS occupied by the IMR in a subframe, different from those of each other.
  • the two IMR resources may have the same cyclic period and occupy the same RE resources of CSI-RS in a subframe, but have different subframe offsets.
  • Different subframe offsets guarantee that the two IMRs are located in two different subframe sets so that interferences in the two subframe sets may be measured respectively.
  • One subframe set may include all the subframes dedicated for downlink transmission, and the other subframe set may include all the flexible subframes.
  • the subframe sets may be classified based on interference levels instead of based on flexible subframes and subframes dedicated for downlink transmission.
  • one subframe set may include all subframes dedicated for downlink transmission and flexible subframes whose interferences are mainly caused by downlink transmission in other cells, and the other subframe set may include the other flexible subframes by excluding the flexible subframes in the first subframe set.
  • different flexible subframes may generally have different distributions of interferences. For example, if subframes 3, 4, 8 and 9 are flexible subframes, subframes 3 and 8 have higher probabilities of being used for uplink transmission than subframes 4 and 9. Therefore, the interference distribution may be different.
  • subframes may be divided into N subframe sets (where N is greater than 2) to have the flexible subframes classified into multiple subframe sets where each subframe set only includes flexible subframes having similar interference levels and/or subframes dedicated for downlink transmission.
  • N IMRs (where N is greater than 2) may be configured for use by the N different subframe sets respectively. This configuration can be regarded as an extension of the above-described IMR allocation method.
  • a flexible subframe may be used for downlink transmission or for uplink transmission.
  • a flexible subframe is currently used by some UEs for uplink transmission, needs of other UEs in the cell for downlink interference measurements should also be satisfied.
  • other UEs in the current cell still need to measure interferences on a flexible subframe, which, at the time, is used for uplink transmission in the cell, there should be a guarantee that uplink signals will not be transmitted in time-frequency resources used for downlink interference measurement.
  • Other cells may transmit PUSCH or PDSCH in downlink IMR of the current cell irrespective of whether the other cells are performing uplink transmission or downlink transmission.
  • a UE is able to obtain accurate measurements of interferences in a flexible subframe only when both of the above two conditions are met.
  • timing of uplink transmission and downlink transmission in the current cell may be kept synchronized with each other at the level of OFDM symbols so that downlink signals will not be transmitted in REs used for downlink interference measurement in the current cell. Since UEs and base stations in a cell may have different propagation delays, it is impossible to keep uplink/downlink signals accurately synchronized at the level of OFDM symbol. But propagation delay plays an unimportant role for a small cell, therefore relatively accurate measurements of interferences can be obtained, as long as quasi-synchronization at the level of OFDM symbol can be maintained without requiring alignment of subframe boundaries.
  • uplink signals of a UE actually occupy half of a sub carrier, and result in ill-alignment of uplink/downlink sub carriers when the flexible subframe is used for UL/DL transmission, i.e., there is an offset of half a sub carrier.
  • UL/DL sub carriers should be aligned to obtain accurate interference measurements.
  • a method for performing such an alignment according to an embodiment of the present invention may include transmitting uplink signals in a flexible subframe according to the classification of sub carriers and PRBs of downlink subframes of LTE, which may not conform to single carrier characteristics.
  • Another method may include transmitting downlink signals in a flexible subframe according to classification of sub carriers and PRBs of uplink subframes of LTE.
  • the IMR of LTE Release 11 may be adopted. Bit drilling may be performed for uplink transmission signals according to the timing offset of UL/DL transmission of a flexible subframe, i.e., the timing offset of OFDM symbols when the flexible subframe is used for UL/DL transmission Therefore, the downlink signal will not be transmitted on IMR of the flexible subframe in the current cell.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an eIMR in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the eIMR is defined such that it is included in an OFDM symbol by using a method where a RePetition Factor (RPF) is 2 (i.e., the eIMR occupies one out of every two sub carriers).
  • RPF RePetition Factor
  • a UE does not use REs occupied by an eIMR for uplink transmission, and may transmit uplink data on the other half of sub carrier resources not occupied by eIMRs.
  • the UE may disregard the REs occupied by eIMRs when performing rate matching and PUSCH RE mapping, i.e., performing rate matching by using the number of PUSCH REs excluding the REs occupied by eIMR.
  • the UE may adopt a conventional rate matching method to remove only the Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) symbols of REs corresponding to eIMRs.
  • QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
  • NZP CSI-RS are not transmitted in a subframe, or the subframe is used for downlink transmission, because the duplexing direction of a flexible subframe may change according to eIMR timing. Therefore, OFDM symbols occupied by eIMR are not restricted by CSI-RS. But eIMR should avoid OFDM symbols of uplink reference signal, in order to avoid affecting the transmission of uplink reference signals.
  • the above two methods are based on the assumption that a flexible subframe that is configured to include eIMR may be scheduled for uplink transmission, which means a UE that is scheduled to perform uplink transmission at the time is not able to measure interferences, which may adversely affect the interference measurement of CSI.
  • another method for configuring IMR includes generating a first flexible subframe of an Evolved Node B (eNB) used for downlink transmission on timing of IMR when the IMR is configured in the first flexible subframe; making a duplexing direction of a second flexible subframe having an index of radio frame the same with an index of the first flexible subframe flexible if the second flexible subframe does not include IMR.
  • an adjacent cell may have an IMR configured in a subframe different from the subframe having IMR in the current cell to make the IMR more accurately reflect interferences.
  • the IMR of a cell is able to reflect actual conditions of interferences because the duplexing directions of the resources occupied by IMR in other cells are all flexible.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus corresponding to the above-described methods.
  • the apparatus includes a sending/receiving module 410 , a configuring module 420 and a feeding back module 430 .
  • the sending/receiving module 410 is configured to receive configuration information of downlink transmission in a flexible subframe, sending the configuration information to the configuring module; detecting downlink control information sent by a base station in the flexible subframe, and receiving downlink data corresponding to the downlink control information.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a UE according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a UE hardware device includes a processor 910 , a memory 920 , and a transceiver (not shown).
  • the processor 910 runs functions to support module 410
  • the memory 920 stores the machine codes of the UE hardware implementation and buffers the downlink and uplink control/data to be received and transmitted.
  • the configuring module 420 is configured to performing configurations for a flexible subframe that are different from configurations for a subframe whose duplexing direction is fixed.
  • module 430 performs according to step 201 A, 201 B, 201 C, or 201 D in FIG. 5 , 6 , 7 , or 8 respectively.
  • the feeding back module 430 is configured to report HARQ-ACK for the downlink data and CSI to the base station.
  • the feeding back module 430 performs according to the step 202 in FIG. 2 .

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