US20140075947A1 - Gas turbine engine component cooling circuit - Google Patents
Gas turbine engine component cooling circuit Download PDFInfo
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- US20140075947A1 US20140075947A1 US13/621,968 US201213621968A US2014075947A1 US 20140075947 A1 US20140075947 A1 US 20140075947A1 US 201213621968 A US201213621968 A US 201213621968A US 2014075947 A1 US2014075947 A1 US 2014075947A1
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- Prior art keywords
- baffle
- core cavity
- component
- body portion
- recited
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
- F01D5/18—Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
- F01D5/187—Convection cooling
- F01D5/188—Convection cooling with an insert in the blade cavity to guide the cooling fluid, e.g. forming a separation wall
- F01D5/189—Convection cooling with an insert in the blade cavity to guide the cooling fluid, e.g. forming a separation wall the insert having a tubular cross-section, e.g. airfoil shape
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/10—Stators
- F05D2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
- F05D2240/126—Baffles or ribs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a gas turbine engine, and more particularly to a cooling circuit for cooling a gas turbine engine component.
- Gas turbine engines typically include a compressor section, a combustor section and a turbine section.
- air is pressurized in the compressor section and is mixed with fuel and burned in the combustor section to generate hot combustion gases.
- the hot combustion gases flow through the turbine section, which extracts energy from the hot combustion gases to power the compressor section and other gas turbine engine loads.
- the compressor and turbine sections of the gas turbine engine typically include alternating rows of rotating blades and stationary vanes.
- the rotating blades either create or extract energy from the hot combustion gases that are communicated through the gas turbine engine, and the vanes convert the velocity of the airflow into pressure and prepare the airflow for the next set of blades.
- the hot combustion gases are communicated over airfoils of the blades and the vanes.
- the airfoils may include internal cooling circuits that receive a cooling airflow to cool the various internal and external surfaces of the airfoils.
- a component for a gas turbine engine includes, among other things, a body portion and a cooling circuit disposed inside of the body portion.
- the cooling circuit includes a first baffle received within a first core cavity that extends inside of the body portion, a second baffle received within a second core cavity that extends inside of the body portion, and a first rib disposed between the first core cavity and the second core cavity.
- the first baffle is in fluid communication with the second baffle through the first rib.
- the component is a vane.
- the component is a blade.
- the first rib includes a plurality of openings that fluidly connect the first core cavity and the second core cavity.
- the plurality of openings are positioned in a staggered relationship across a radial span of the first rib.
- the plurality of openings each axially extend through the first rib in a direction that extends from a leading edge toward a trailing edge.
- the first baffle and the second baffle each include a plurality of feed openings that extend through the first baffle and the second baffle.
- the plurality of feed openings extend through each wall of the first baffle and the second baffle.
- a space extends between an interior wall of the first core cavity and the first baffle.
- the cooling circuit includes a third baffle received within a third core cavity that extends inside of the body portion.
- the third baffle is in fluid communication with the second baffle through a second rib.
- the cooling circuit includes a trailing edge cavity in fluid communication with the third core cavity.
- a gas turbine engine includes, among other things, a compressor section, a combustor section in fluid communication with the compressor section and a turbine section in fluid communication with the combustor section.
- At least one of the compressor section and the turbine section includes at least one component having a body portion and a cooling circuit disposed inside of the body portion.
- the cooling circuit includes a first baffle received within a first core cavity that extends inside of the body portion, a second baffle received within a second core cavity that extends inside of the body portion, and a first rib disposed between the first core cavity and the second core cavity.
- the first baffle is in fluid communication with the second baffle through the first rib.
- the at least one component is a vane.
- the first rib includes a plurality of openings.
- the first baffle and the second baffle each include a plurality of feed openings that extend through the first baffle and the second baffle.
- the cooling circuit includes a third baffle received within a third core cavity that extends inside of the body portion.
- a method of cooling a component of a gas turbine engine includes, among other things, feeding a cooling airflow into a first core cavity of a body portion of the component and expelling the cooling airflow from the body portion through a second core cavity that is in fluid communication with the first core cavity.
- the step of feeding includes communicating the cooling airflow through a plurality feed openings in a first baffle positioned within the first core cavity and impingement cooling at least one interior wall of the body portion with the cooling airflow that is communicated through the plurality of feed openings prior to the step of expelling.
- the method may comprise the step of communicating the cooling airflow through a first rib that is disposed between the first core cavity and the second core cavity prior to the step of expelling.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic, cross-sectional view of a gas turbine engine.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a component that can be incorporated into a gas turbine engine.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view through section A-A of the component of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 4 illustrates a cooling circuit that can be incorporated into an airfoil of a component.
- FIG. 5 illustrates various features of a cooling circuit that can be incorporated into an airfoil of a component.
- FIGS. 6A , 6 B and 6 C schematically illustrate cooling an airfoil using an exemplary cooling circuit.
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a gas turbine engine 20 .
- the exemplary gas turbine engine 20 is a two-spool turbofan engine that generally incorporates a fan section 22 , a compressor section 24 , a combustor section 26 and a turbine section 28 .
- Alternative engines might include an augmenter section (not shown) among other systems for features.
- the fan section 22 drives air along a bypass flow path B, while the compressor section 24 drives air along a core flow path C for compression and communication into the combustor section 26 .
- the hot combustion gases generated in the combustor section 26 are expanded through the turbine section 28 .
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a gas turbine engine 20 .
- the exemplary gas turbine engine 20 is a two-spool turbofan engine that generally incorporates a fan section 22 , a compressor section 24 , a combustor section 26 and a turbine section 28 .
- Alternative engines might include an augmenter section (not shown) among other systems for features.
- the fan section 22 drives air
- the gas turbine engine 20 generally includes a low speed spool 30 and a high speed spool 32 mounted for rotation about an engine centerline longitudinal axis A.
- the low speed spool 30 and the high speed spool 32 may be mounted relative to an engine static structure 33 via several bearing systems 31 . It should be understood that other bearing systems 31 may alternatively or additionally be provided.
- the low speed spool 30 generally includes an inner shaft 34 that interconnects a fan 36 , a low pressure compressor 38 and a low pressure turbine 39 .
- the inner shaft 34 can be connected to the fan 36 through a geared architecture 45 to drive the fan 36 at a lower speed than the low speed spool 30 .
- the high speed spool 32 includes an outer shaft 35 that interconnects a high pressure compressor 37 and a high pressure turbine 40 .
- the inner shaft 34 and the outer shaft 35 are supported at various axial locations by bearing systems 31 positioned within the engine static structure 33 .
- a combustor 42 is arranged between the high pressure compressor 37 and the high pressure turbine 40 .
- a mid-turbine frame 44 may be arranged generally between the high pressure turbine 40 and the low pressure turbine 39 .
- the mid-turbine frame 44 can support one or more bearing systems 31 of the turbine section 28 .
- the mid-turbine frame 44 may include one or more airfoils 46 that extend within the core flow path C.
- the inner shaft 34 and the outer shaft 35 are concentric and rotate via the bearing systems 31 about the engine centerline longitudinal axis A, which is co-linear with their longitudinal axes.
- the core airflow is compressed by the low pressure compressor 38 and the high pressure compressor 37 , is mixed with fuel and burned in the combustor 42 , and is then expanded over the high pressure turbine 40 and the low pressure turbine 39 .
- the high pressure turbine 40 and the low pressure turbine 39 rotationally drive the respective high speed spool 32 and the low speed spool 30 in response to the expansion.
- the gas turbine engine 20 is a high-bypass geared aircraft engine.
- the gas turbine engine 20 bypass ratio is greater than about six (6:1).
- the geared architecture 45 can include an epicyclic gear train, such as a planetary gear system or other gear system.
- the example epicyclic gear train has a gear reduction ratio of greater than about 2.3, and in another example is greater than about 2.5:1.
- the geared turbofan enables operation of the low speed spool 30 at higher speeds, which can increase the operational efficiency of the low pressure compressor 38 and low pressure turbine 39 and render increased pressure in a fewer number of stages.
- the pressure ratio of the low pressure turbine 39 can be pressure measured prior to the inlet of the low pressure turbine 39 as related to the pressure at the outlet of the low pressure turbine 39 and prior to an exhaust nozzle of the gas turbine engine 20 .
- the bypass ratio of the gas turbine engine 20 is greater than about ten (10:1)
- the fan diameter is significantly larger than that of the low pressure compressor 38
- the low pressure turbine 39 has a pressure ratio that is greater than about five (5:1). It should be understood, however, that the above parameters are only exemplary of one embodiment of a geared architecture engine and that the present disclosure is applicable to other gas turbine engines, including direct drive turbofans.
- TSFC Thrust Specific Fuel Consumption
- Fan Pressure Ratio is the pressure ratio across a blade of the fan section 22 without the use of a Fan Exit Guide Vane system.
- the low Fan Pressure Ratio according to one non-limiting embodiment of the example gas turbine engine 20 is less than 1.45.
- Low Corrected Fan Tip Speed is the actual fan tip speed divided by an industry standard temperature correction of (“T”/518.7) 0.5 , where T represents the ambient temperature in degrees Rankine.
- the Low Corrected Fan Tip Speed according to one non-limiting embodiment of the example gas turbine engine 20 is less than about 1150 fps (351 m/s).
- Each of the compressor section 24 and the turbine section 28 may include alternating rows of rotor assemblies and vane assemblies (shown schematically) that carry airfoils that extend into the core flow path C.
- the rotor assemblies can carry a plurality of rotating blades 25
- each vane assembly can carry a plurality of vanes 27 that extend into the core flow path C.
- the blades 25 of the rotor assemblies create or extract energy (in the form of pressure) from the core airflow that is communicated through the gas turbine engine 20 along the core flow path C.
- the vanes 27 of the vane assemblies direct the core air flow to the blades 25 to either add or extract energy.
- Various components of a gas turbine engine 20 may be subjected to repetitive thermal cycling under widely ranging temperatures and pressures.
- the hardware of the turbine section 28 is particularly subjected to relatively extreme operating conditions. Therefore, some components may require internal cooling circuits for cooling the parts during engine operation.
- Example cooling circuits for cooling an airfoil of a component are discussed below.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a component 50 that can be incorporated into a gas turbine engine, such as the gas turbine engine 20 of FIG. 1 .
- the component 50 includes a body portion 52 that axially extends between a leading edge 54 and a trailing edge 56 and circumferentially extends between a pressure side 58 and a suction side 60 .
- the body portion 52 is an airfoil that extends across a span S between an inner platform 61 and an outer platform 63 .
- the component 50 is illustrated as a vane.
- the body portion 52 could also include an airfoil that extends from a platform and a root portion connected to the platform where the component is a blade.
- the body portion 52 could include a seal body of a blade outer air seal (BOAS).
- BOAS blade outer air seal
- a gas path 62 is communicated axially downstream through the gas turbine engine 20 along a core flow path C ( FIG. 1 ) in a direction that extends from the leading edge 54 toward the trailing edge 56 of the body portion 52 .
- the gas path 62 is schematically represented by an arrow and represents the communication of core airflow across the body portion 52 .
- the component 50 may include a cooling circuit 64 for cooling the internal and/or external surfaces of the body portion 52 .
- the cooling circuit 64 can include one or more core cavities 72 (that can be formed by using ceramic cores) that are radially, axially and/or circumferentially disposed inside the body portion 52 to establish cooling passages for receiving a cooling airflow 68 to cool the body portion 52 .
- the cooling circuit 64 includes two core cavities 72 .
- any number of core cavities 72 can be disposed inside of the body portion 52 .
- the cooling circuit 64 can receive the cooling airflow 68 from one or more airflow sources 70 that are external to the body portion 52 .
- the cooling airflow 68 is generally a lower temperature than the airflow of the gas path 62 that is communicated across the body portion 52 .
- the cooling airflow 68 is a bleed airflow that can be sourced from the compressor section 24 or any other portion of the gas turbine engine 20 that is upstream from the component 50 .
- the cooling airflow 68 can be circulated through the cooling circuit 64 , including through one or more of the core cavities 72 , to transfer thermal energy from the component 50 to the cooling airflow 68 to cool the body portion 52 .
- separate airflow sources 70 A and 70 B can be used to communicate separate cooling airflows 68 to each of the core cavities 72 .
- the cooling circuit 64 illustrated in this embodiment could be incorporated into any component where dedicated cooling is desired, including but not limited to any component that extends into the core flow path C of the gas turbine engine 20 (see FIG. 1 ). It should be understood that the cooling circuit 64 depicted in the illustrated embodiments of this disclosure could be incorporated into vanes or blades of the compressor section 24 and/or the turbine section 28 . Other components, such as the airfoils of a mid-turbine frame or non-airfoil components such as BOAS, could also benefit from the teachings of this disclosure.
- FIG. 3 illustrates one exemplary cooling circuit 64 that can be incorporated into the component 50 .
- the cooling circuit 64 is generally defined inside of the body portion 52 and may extend axially between the leading edge 54 and the trailing edge 56 and circumferentially between the pressure side 58 and the suction side 60 .
- the cooling circuit 64 includes a first core cavity 72 A and a second core cavity 72 B.
- the first core cavity 72 A is positioned at the leading edge 54 of the body portion 52 and the second core cavity 72 B is positioned downstream from the first core cavity 72 A (i.e., at a mid-portion of the body portion 52 that is between the leading edge 54 and the trailing edge 56 ).
- a first rib 74 separates the first core cavity 72 A from the second core cavity 72 B.
- the first rib 74 radially extends inside of the body portion 52 and divides the core cavities 72 A, 72 B from one another.
- a first baffle 76 A may be received within the first core cavity 72 A, and a second baffle 76 B may be received within the second core cavity 72 B.
- the exemplary first and second baffles 76 A, 76 B are inserts that can be bonded at one or both of the inner platform 61 and the outer platform 63 within the first core cavity 72 A and the second core cavity 72 B.
- the first baffle 76 A (and the first core cavity 72 A) is in fluid communication with the second baffle 76 B (and the second core cavity 72 B) through the first rib 74 .
- the first baffle 76 A and the second baffle 76 B are hollow structures. Therefore, cooling airflow 68 can be communicated directly through the first baffle 76 A and the second baffle 76 B.
- the first baffle 76 A and the second baffle 76 B may include a plurality of feed openings 80 that allow cooling airflow 68 to escape from the first baffle 76 A and the second baffle 76 B and impinge on interior walls 84 of the body portion 52 .
- the feed openings 80 may be arranged in a staggered relationship across a radial span of the first baffle 76 A and second baffle 76 B (see FIG. 4 ).
- the first rib 74 may include a plurality of openings 82 through which the first core cavity 72 A fluidly connects to the second core cavity 72 B.
- the cooling airflow 68 can be circulated throughout the core cavities 72 A, 72 B, the baffles 76 A, 76 B and the first rib 74 to cool the internal surfaces of the body portion 52 , as is discussed in greater detail below with reference to FIGS. 6A , 6 B and 6 C.
- the cooling circuit 64 may also include a trailing edge cooling circuit 99 positioned to cool the trailing edge 56 of the body portion 52 .
- a trailing edge cooling circuit 99 positioned to cool the trailing edge 56 of the body portion 52 .
- the first core cavity 72 A, the second core cavity 72 B, the baffles 76 A, 76 B, the first rib 74 , and the trailing edge cooling circuit 99 establish the cooling circuit 64 . These features cooperate to cool the body portion 52 with a minimum amount of dedicated cooling airflow.
- FIG. 4 illustrates another exemplary cooling circuit 164 that can be incorporated into an airfoil 152 of a component 150 .
- the exemplary cooling circuit 164 includes a first core cavity 172 A (near a leading edge 154 ), a second core cavity 172 B (downstream from the first core cavity 172 A and between the leading edge 154 and a trailing edge 156 ), and a third core cavity 172 C (downstream from the second core cavity 172 B).
- the cooling circuit 164 could include two or more core cavities.
- a first baffle 176 A is received within the first core cavity 172 A
- a second baffle 176 B is received within the second core cavity 172 B
- a third baffle 176 C is received within the third core cavity 172 C.
- the baffles 176 A, 176 B and 176 C are shaped to generally mirror the shape of the first core cavity 172 A, the second core cavity 172 B, and the third core cavity 172 C, respectively, and are positioned in a spaced relationship relative to the interior wall 84 of the airfoil 152 .
- a first rib 174 A extends between the first core cavity 172 A and the second core cavity 172 B and connects the pressure side 158 to the suction side 160 of the airfoil 152 .
- a second rib 174 B is positioned between the second core cavity 172 B and the third core cavity 172 C and also connects the pressure side 158 to the suction side 160 of the airfoil 152 .
- a third rib 174 C may be positioned between the third core cavity 172 C and a trailing edge cavity 95 .
- Each of the baffles 176 A, 176 B and 176 C can include a plurality of feed openings 80 .
- a plurality of feed openings 80 extend through each of the multiple walls 86 of the first baffle 176 A, the second baffle 176 B and the third baffle 176 C. Accordingly, cooling airflow 68 can be communicated through the plurality of feed openings 80 to impinge upon the interior walls 84 of the airfoil 152 .
- FIG. 5 illustrates the cooling circuit 164 of FIG. 4 with the baffles 176 A, 176 B and 176 C removed.
- each of the first rib 174 A, the second rib 174 B and the third rib 174 C includes a plurality of openings 82 .
- the plurality of openings 82 of the first rib 174 A fluidly connect the first core cavity 172 A with the second core cavity 172 B
- the plurality of openings 82 of the second rib 174 B fluidly connect the second core cavity 172 B with the third core cavity 172 C
- the plurality of openings 82 of the third rib 174 C fluidly connect the third core cavity 172 C with the trailing edge cavity 95 .
- adjacent baffles 176 A, 176 B and 176 C may also be fluidly connected (see FIG. 4 ).
- the plurality of openings 82 are arranged in a staggered relationship across a radial span of each of the first rib 174 A, the second rib 174 B and the third rib 174 C.
- the actual number of openings 82 and the arrangement of these features can vary depending on the cooling requirements of the airfoil 152 , among other criteria.
- the plurality of openings 82 extend axially through the ribs 174 A, 174 B and 174 C (i.e., in a direction that extends from the leading edge 154 toward the trailing edge 156 ).
- FIGS. 6A , 6 B and 6 C schematically illustrate cooling a component 150 by using a cooling circuit, such as the cooling circuit 164 described above.
- Cooling airflow 68 is communicated into the cooling circuit 164 by feeding the cooling airflow 68 into the first core cavity 172 A.
- a separate cooling airflow 68 may also be simultaneously communicated into the second core cavity 172 B and/or the third core cavity 172 C.
- the cooling airflow 68 that is fed into the core cavities 172 A, 172 B and/or 172 C is radially communicated through the hollow portions of the baffles 176 A, 176 B, and 176 C.
- the cooling airflow 68 may also be communicated through the feed openings 80 of each baffle 176 A, 176 B and 176 C.
- the cooling airflow 68 that is communicated through the feed openings 80 may impinge upon the interior walls 84 and the ribs 174 A, 174 B and 174 C of the airfoil 152 to cool the airfoil 152 at these locations (shown schematically via arrows in FIG. 6A ).
- a portion P 1 of the cooling airflow 68 within each core cavity 172 A, 172 B and 172 C may be expelled from the airfoil 152 into the gas path 62 through cooling holes 88 that may be formed in the leading edge 154 , the pressure side 158 and/or the suction side 160 of the body portion 52 .
- at least a portion of the cooling airflow 68 that is communicated into the first core cavity 172 A can be expelled from the airfoil 152 through another cavity, such as the second core cavity 172 B.
- cooling airflow 68 that is communicated into the second core cavity 172 B can be expelled from the airfoil 152 through the third core cavity 172 C and so on.
- a second portion P 2 of the cooling airflow 68 can flow around the baffles 176 A, 176 B and 176 C in a space 92 that extends between the baffles 176 A, 176 B and 176 C and the interior walls 84 of each core cavity 172 A, 172 B and 172 C.
- the cooling airflow 68 may be communicated through the plurality of openings 82 in the ribs 174 A, 174 B and 174 C before again impinging on the interior walls 84 of any downstream cavity 172 (here, the second and third core cavities 172 B and 172 C) of the body portion 52 .
- the cooling airflow 68 may then be communicated through the trailing edge cavity 95 of the airfoil 152 and into the gas path 62 .
Abstract
A component for a gas turbine engine, according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a body portion and a cooling circuit disposed inside of the body portion. The cooling circuit includes a first baffle received within a first core cavity that extends inside of the body portion, a second baffle received within a second core cavity that extends inside of the body portion, and a first rib disposed between the first core cavity and the second core cavity. The first baffle is in fluid communication with the second baffle through the first rib.
Description
- This disclosure relates to a gas turbine engine, and more particularly to a cooling circuit for cooling a gas turbine engine component.
- Gas turbine engines typically include a compressor section, a combustor section and a turbine section. In general, during operation, air is pressurized in the compressor section and is mixed with fuel and burned in the combustor section to generate hot combustion gases. The hot combustion gases flow through the turbine section, which extracts energy from the hot combustion gases to power the compressor section and other gas turbine engine loads.
- The compressor and turbine sections of the gas turbine engine typically include alternating rows of rotating blades and stationary vanes. The rotating blades either create or extract energy from the hot combustion gases that are communicated through the gas turbine engine, and the vanes convert the velocity of the airflow into pressure and prepare the airflow for the next set of blades. The hot combustion gases are communicated over airfoils of the blades and the vanes. The airfoils may include internal cooling circuits that receive a cooling airflow to cool the various internal and external surfaces of the airfoils.
- A component for a gas turbine engine, according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a body portion and a cooling circuit disposed inside of the body portion. The cooling circuit includes a first baffle received within a first core cavity that extends inside of the body portion, a second baffle received within a second core cavity that extends inside of the body portion, and a first rib disposed between the first core cavity and the second core cavity. The first baffle is in fluid communication with the second baffle through the first rib.
- In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing component, the component is a vane.
- In a further non-limiting embodiment of either of the foregoing components, the component is a blade.
- In a further non-limiting embodiment of any of the foregoing components, the first rib includes a plurality of openings that fluidly connect the first core cavity and the second core cavity.
- In a further non-limiting embodiment of any of the foregoing components, the plurality of openings are positioned in a staggered relationship across a radial span of the first rib.
- In a further non-limiting embodiment of any of the foregoing components, the plurality of openings each axially extend through the first rib in a direction that extends from a leading edge toward a trailing edge.
- In a further non-limiting embodiment of any of the foregoing components, the first baffle and the second baffle each include a plurality of feed openings that extend through the first baffle and the second baffle.
- In a further non-limiting embodiment of any of the foregoing components, the plurality of feed openings extend through each wall of the first baffle and the second baffle.
- In a further non-limiting embodiment of any of the foregoing components, a space extends between an interior wall of the first core cavity and the first baffle.
- In a further non-limiting embodiment of any of the foregoing components, the cooling circuit includes a third baffle received within a third core cavity that extends inside of the body portion.
- In a further non-limiting embodiment of any of the foregoing components, the third baffle is in fluid communication with the second baffle through a second rib.
- In a further non-limiting embodiment of any of the foregoing components, the cooling circuit includes a trailing edge cavity in fluid communication with the third core cavity.
- A gas turbine engine, according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a compressor section, a combustor section in fluid communication with the compressor section and a turbine section in fluid communication with the combustor section. At least one of the compressor section and the turbine section includes at least one component having a body portion and a cooling circuit disposed inside of the body portion. The cooling circuit includes a first baffle received within a first core cavity that extends inside of the body portion, a second baffle received within a second core cavity that extends inside of the body portion, and a first rib disposed between the first core cavity and the second core cavity. The first baffle is in fluid communication with the second baffle through the first rib.
- In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing gas turbine engine, the at least one component is a vane.
- In a further non-limiting embodiment of either of the foregoing gas turbine engines, the first rib includes a plurality of openings.
- In a further non-limiting embodiment of any of the foregoing gas turbine engines, the first baffle and the second baffle each include a plurality of feed openings that extend through the first baffle and the second baffle.
- In a further non-limiting embodiment of any of the foregoing gas turbine engines, the cooling circuit includes a third baffle received within a third core cavity that extends inside of the body portion.
- A method of cooling a component of a gas turbine engine, according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, feeding a cooling airflow into a first core cavity of a body portion of the component and expelling the cooling airflow from the body portion through a second core cavity that is in fluid communication with the first core cavity.
- In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing method of cooling a component of a gas turbine engine, the step of feeding includes communicating the cooling airflow through a plurality feed openings in a first baffle positioned within the first core cavity and impingement cooling at least one interior wall of the body portion with the cooling airflow that is communicated through the plurality of feed openings prior to the step of expelling.
- In a further non-limiting embodiment of either of the foregoing methods of cooling a component of a gas turbine engine, the method may comprise the step of communicating the cooling airflow through a first rib that is disposed between the first core cavity and the second core cavity prior to the step of expelling.
- The various features and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description. The drawings that accompany the detailed description can be briefly described as follows.
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FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic, cross-sectional view of a gas turbine engine. -
FIG. 2 illustrates a component that can be incorporated into a gas turbine engine. -
FIG. 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view through section A-A of the component ofFIG. 2 . -
FIG. 4 illustrates a cooling circuit that can be incorporated into an airfoil of a component. -
FIG. 5 illustrates various features of a cooling circuit that can be incorporated into an airfoil of a component. -
FIGS. 6A , 6B and 6C schematically illustrate cooling an airfoil using an exemplary cooling circuit. -
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates agas turbine engine 20. The exemplarygas turbine engine 20 is a two-spool turbofan engine that generally incorporates afan section 22, a compressor section 24, acombustor section 26 and aturbine section 28. Alternative engines might include an augmenter section (not shown) among other systems for features. Thefan section 22 drives air along a bypass flow path B, while the compressor section 24 drives air along a core flow path C for compression and communication into thecombustor section 26. The hot combustion gases generated in thecombustor section 26 are expanded through theturbine section 28. Although depicted as a turbofan gas turbine engine in the disclosed non-limiting embodiment, it should be understood that the concepts described herein are not limited to turbofan engines and these teachings could extend to other types of engines, including but not limited to, three-spool engine architectures. - The
gas turbine engine 20 generally includes alow speed spool 30 and ahigh speed spool 32 mounted for rotation about an engine centerline longitudinal axis A. Thelow speed spool 30 and thehigh speed spool 32 may be mounted relative to an enginestatic structure 33 viaseveral bearing systems 31. It should be understood thatother bearing systems 31 may alternatively or additionally be provided. - The
low speed spool 30 generally includes aninner shaft 34 that interconnects afan 36, alow pressure compressor 38 and alow pressure turbine 39. Theinner shaft 34 can be connected to thefan 36 through a gearedarchitecture 45 to drive thefan 36 at a lower speed than thelow speed spool 30. Thehigh speed spool 32 includes anouter shaft 35 that interconnects ahigh pressure compressor 37 and ahigh pressure turbine 40. In this embodiment, theinner shaft 34 and theouter shaft 35 are supported at various axial locations bybearing systems 31 positioned within the enginestatic structure 33. - A
combustor 42 is arranged between thehigh pressure compressor 37 and thehigh pressure turbine 40. Amid-turbine frame 44 may be arranged generally between thehigh pressure turbine 40 and thelow pressure turbine 39. Themid-turbine frame 44 can support one or more bearingsystems 31 of theturbine section 28. Themid-turbine frame 44 may include one ormore airfoils 46 that extend within the core flow path C. - The
inner shaft 34 and theouter shaft 35 are concentric and rotate via thebearing systems 31 about the engine centerline longitudinal axis A, which is co-linear with their longitudinal axes. The core airflow is compressed by thelow pressure compressor 38 and thehigh pressure compressor 37, is mixed with fuel and burned in thecombustor 42, and is then expanded over thehigh pressure turbine 40 and thelow pressure turbine 39. Thehigh pressure turbine 40 and thelow pressure turbine 39 rotationally drive the respectivehigh speed spool 32 and thelow speed spool 30 in response to the expansion. - In a non-limiting embodiment, the
gas turbine engine 20 is a high-bypass geared aircraft engine. In a further example, thegas turbine engine 20 bypass ratio is greater than about six (6:1). The gearedarchitecture 45 can include an epicyclic gear train, such as a planetary gear system or other gear system. The example epicyclic gear train has a gear reduction ratio of greater than about 2.3, and in another example is greater than about 2.5:1. The geared turbofan enables operation of thelow speed spool 30 at higher speeds, which can increase the operational efficiency of thelow pressure compressor 38 andlow pressure turbine 39 and render increased pressure in a fewer number of stages. - The pressure ratio of the
low pressure turbine 39 can be pressure measured prior to the inlet of thelow pressure turbine 39 as related to the pressure at the outlet of thelow pressure turbine 39 and prior to an exhaust nozzle of thegas turbine engine 20. In one non-limiting embodiment, the bypass ratio of thegas turbine engine 20 is greater than about ten (10:1), the fan diameter is significantly larger than that of thelow pressure compressor 38, and thelow pressure turbine 39 has a pressure ratio that is greater than about five (5:1). It should be understood, however, that the above parameters are only exemplary of one embodiment of a geared architecture engine and that the present disclosure is applicable to other gas turbine engines, including direct drive turbofans. - In this embodiment of the exemplary
gas turbine engine 20, a significant amount of thrust is provided by the bypass flow path B due to the high bypass ratio. Thefan section 22 of thegas turbine engine 20 is designed for a particular flight condition—typically cruise at about 0.8 Mach and about 35,000 feet. This flight condition, with thegas turbine engine 20 at its best fuel consumption, is also known as bucket cruise Thrust Specific Fuel Consumption (TSFC). TSFC is an industry standard parameter of fuel consumption per unit of thrust. - Fan Pressure Ratio is the pressure ratio across a blade of the
fan section 22 without the use of a Fan Exit Guide Vane system. The low Fan Pressure Ratio according to one non-limiting embodiment of the examplegas turbine engine 20 is less than 1.45. Low Corrected Fan Tip Speed is the actual fan tip speed divided by an industry standard temperature correction of (“T”/518.7)0.5, where T represents the ambient temperature in degrees Rankine. The Low Corrected Fan Tip Speed according to one non-limiting embodiment of the examplegas turbine engine 20 is less than about 1150 fps (351 m/s). - Each of the compressor section 24 and the
turbine section 28 may include alternating rows of rotor assemblies and vane assemblies (shown schematically) that carry airfoils that extend into the core flow path C. For example, the rotor assemblies can carry a plurality ofrotating blades 25, while each vane assembly can carry a plurality ofvanes 27 that extend into the core flow path C. Theblades 25 of the rotor assemblies create or extract energy (in the form of pressure) from the core airflow that is communicated through thegas turbine engine 20 along the core flow path C. Thevanes 27 of the vane assemblies direct the core air flow to theblades 25 to either add or extract energy. - Various components of a
gas turbine engine 20, such as the airfoils of theblades 25 and thevanes 27 of the compressor section 24 and theturbine section 28, may be subjected to repetitive thermal cycling under widely ranging temperatures and pressures. The hardware of theturbine section 28 is particularly subjected to relatively extreme operating conditions. Therefore, some components may require internal cooling circuits for cooling the parts during engine operation. Example cooling circuits for cooling an airfoil of a component are discussed below. -
FIG. 2 illustrates acomponent 50 that can be incorporated into a gas turbine engine, such as thegas turbine engine 20 ofFIG. 1 . Thecomponent 50 includes abody portion 52 that axially extends between aleading edge 54 and a trailingedge 56 and circumferentially extends between apressure side 58 and asuction side 60. In this embodiment, thebody portion 52 is an airfoil that extends across a span S between aninner platform 61 and anouter platform 63. In other words, thecomponent 50 is illustrated as a vane. However, thebody portion 52 could also include an airfoil that extends from a platform and a root portion connected to the platform where the component is a blade. In yet another embodiment, thebody portion 52 could include a seal body of a blade outer air seal (BOAS). - A
gas path 62 is communicated axially downstream through thegas turbine engine 20 along a core flow path C (FIG. 1 ) in a direction that extends from the leadingedge 54 toward the trailingedge 56 of thebody portion 52. Thegas path 62 is schematically represented by an arrow and represents the communication of core airflow across thebody portion 52. - The
component 50 may include acooling circuit 64 for cooling the internal and/or external surfaces of thebody portion 52. Thecooling circuit 64 can include one or more core cavities 72 (that can be formed by using ceramic cores) that are radially, axially and/or circumferentially disposed inside thebody portion 52 to establish cooling passages for receiving acooling airflow 68 to cool thebody portion 52. In this particular embodiment, the coolingcircuit 64 includes twocore cavities 72. However, any number ofcore cavities 72 can be disposed inside of thebody portion 52. - The
cooling circuit 64 can receive thecooling airflow 68 from one ormore airflow sources 70 that are external to thebody portion 52. The coolingairflow 68 is generally a lower temperature than the airflow of thegas path 62 that is communicated across thebody portion 52. In one embodiment, the coolingairflow 68 is a bleed airflow that can be sourced from the compressor section 24 or any other portion of thegas turbine engine 20 that is upstream from thecomponent 50. The coolingairflow 68 can be circulated through thecooling circuit 64, including through one or more of thecore cavities 72, to transfer thermal energy from thecomponent 50 to thecooling airflow 68 to cool thebody portion 52. In one embodiment,separate airflow sources separate cooling airflows 68 to each of thecore cavities 72. - The
cooling circuit 64 illustrated in this embodiment could be incorporated into any component where dedicated cooling is desired, including but not limited to any component that extends into the core flow path C of the gas turbine engine 20 (seeFIG. 1 ). It should be understood that thecooling circuit 64 depicted in the illustrated embodiments of this disclosure could be incorporated into vanes or blades of the compressor section 24 and/or theturbine section 28. Other components, such as the airfoils of a mid-turbine frame or non-airfoil components such as BOAS, could also benefit from the teachings of this disclosure. -
FIG. 3 , with continued reference toFIG. 2 , illustrates oneexemplary cooling circuit 64 that can be incorporated into thecomponent 50. Thecooling circuit 64 is generally defined inside of thebody portion 52 and may extend axially between theleading edge 54 and the trailingedge 56 and circumferentially between thepressure side 58 and thesuction side 60. In this exemplary embodiment, the coolingcircuit 64 includes afirst core cavity 72A and asecond core cavity 72B. - In one embodiment, the
first core cavity 72A is positioned at theleading edge 54 of thebody portion 52 and thesecond core cavity 72B is positioned downstream from thefirst core cavity 72A (i.e., at a mid-portion of thebody portion 52 that is between theleading edge 54 and the trailing edge 56). Afirst rib 74 separates thefirst core cavity 72A from thesecond core cavity 72B. Thefirst rib 74 radially extends inside of thebody portion 52 and divides thecore cavities - A
first baffle 76A may be received within thefirst core cavity 72A, and asecond baffle 76B may be received within thesecond core cavity 72B. The exemplary first andsecond baffles inner platform 61 and theouter platform 63 within thefirst core cavity 72A and thesecond core cavity 72B. In one embodiment, thefirst baffle 76A (and thefirst core cavity 72A) is in fluid communication with thesecond baffle 76B (and thesecond core cavity 72B) through thefirst rib 74. Thefirst baffle 76A and thesecond baffle 76B are hollow structures. Therefore, coolingairflow 68 can be communicated directly through thefirst baffle 76A and thesecond baffle 76B. - The
first baffle 76A and thesecond baffle 76B may include a plurality offeed openings 80 that allowcooling airflow 68 to escape from thefirst baffle 76A and thesecond baffle 76B and impinge oninterior walls 84 of thebody portion 52. Thefeed openings 80 may be arranged in a staggered relationship across a radial span of thefirst baffle 76A andsecond baffle 76B (seeFIG. 4 ). In addition, thefirst rib 74 may include a plurality ofopenings 82 through which thefirst core cavity 72A fluidly connects to thesecond core cavity 72B. The coolingairflow 68 can be circulated throughout thecore cavities baffles first rib 74 to cool the internal surfaces of thebody portion 52, as is discussed in greater detail below with reference toFIGS. 6A , 6B and 6C. - The
cooling circuit 64 may also include a trailingedge cooling circuit 99 positioned to cool the trailingedge 56 of thebody portion 52. Together, in this embodiment, thefirst core cavity 72A, thesecond core cavity 72B, thebaffles first rib 74, and the trailingedge cooling circuit 99 establish thecooling circuit 64. These features cooperate to cool thebody portion 52 with a minimum amount of dedicated cooling airflow. -
FIG. 4 illustrates anotherexemplary cooling circuit 164 that can be incorporated into anairfoil 152 of acomponent 150. In this embodiment, the platforms are removed from thecomponent 150 to better illustrate the various features of thecooling circuit 164. Theexemplary cooling circuit 164 includes afirst core cavity 172A (near a leading edge 154), asecond core cavity 172B (downstream from thefirst core cavity 172A and between theleading edge 154 and a trailing edge 156), and athird core cavity 172C (downstream from thesecond core cavity 172B). Although illustrated having threecore cavities cooling circuit 164 could include two or more core cavities. - A
first baffle 176A is received within thefirst core cavity 172A, asecond baffle 176B is received within thesecond core cavity 172B, and athird baffle 176C is received within thethird core cavity 172C. Thebaffles first core cavity 172A, thesecond core cavity 172B, and thethird core cavity 172C, respectively, and are positioned in a spaced relationship relative to theinterior wall 84 of theairfoil 152. - A
first rib 174A extends between thefirst core cavity 172A and thesecond core cavity 172B and connects thepressure side 158 to thesuction side 160 of theairfoil 152. Asecond rib 174B is positioned between thesecond core cavity 172B and thethird core cavity 172C and also connects thepressure side 158 to thesuction side 160 of theairfoil 152. Athird rib 174C may be positioned between thethird core cavity 172C and a trailingedge cavity 95. - Each of the
baffles feed openings 80. In one embodiment, a plurality offeed openings 80 extend through each of themultiple walls 86 of thefirst baffle 176A, thesecond baffle 176B and thethird baffle 176C. Accordingly, coolingairflow 68 can be communicated through the plurality offeed openings 80 to impinge upon theinterior walls 84 of theairfoil 152. -
FIG. 5 illustrates thecooling circuit 164 ofFIG. 4 with thebaffles first rib 174A, thesecond rib 174B and thethird rib 174C includes a plurality ofopenings 82. The plurality ofopenings 82 of thefirst rib 174A fluidly connect thefirst core cavity 172A with thesecond core cavity 172B, the plurality ofopenings 82 of thesecond rib 174B fluidly connect thesecond core cavity 172B with thethird core cavity 172C, and the plurality ofopenings 82 of thethird rib 174C fluidly connect thethird core cavity 172C with the trailingedge cavity 95. Therefore,adjacent baffles FIG. 4 ). In one embodiment, the plurality ofopenings 82 are arranged in a staggered relationship across a radial span of each of thefirst rib 174A, thesecond rib 174B and thethird rib 174C. The actual number ofopenings 82 and the arrangement of these features can vary depending on the cooling requirements of theairfoil 152, among other criteria. The plurality ofopenings 82 extend axially through theribs leading edge 154 toward the trailing edge 156). -
FIGS. 6A , 6B and 6C schematically illustrate cooling acomponent 150 by using a cooling circuit, such as thecooling circuit 164 described above.Cooling airflow 68 is communicated into thecooling circuit 164 by feeding the coolingairflow 68 into thefirst core cavity 172A. Although not necessary, aseparate cooling airflow 68 may also be simultaneously communicated into thesecond core cavity 172B and/or thethird core cavity 172C. The coolingairflow 68 that is fed into thecore cavities baffles airflow 68 may also be communicated through thefeed openings 80 of eachbaffle airflow 68 that is communicated through thefeed openings 80 may impinge upon theinterior walls 84 and theribs airfoil 152 to cool theairfoil 152 at these locations (shown schematically via arrows inFIG. 6A ). - Next, as shown in
FIG. 6B , a portion P1 of the coolingairflow 68 within eachcore cavity airfoil 152 into thegas path 62 through cooling holes 88 that may be formed in theleading edge 154, thepressure side 158 and/or thesuction side 160 of thebody portion 52. In this embodiment, at least a portion of the coolingairflow 68 that is communicated into thefirst core cavity 172A can be expelled from theairfoil 152 through another cavity, such as thesecond core cavity 172B. Likewise, a portion of the coolingairflow 68 that is communicated into thesecond core cavity 172B can be expelled from theairfoil 152 through thethird core cavity 172C and so on. A second portion P2 of the coolingairflow 68 can flow around thebaffles space 92 that extends between thebaffles interior walls 84 of eachcore cavity - Subsequently, as shown in
FIG. 6C , the coolingairflow 68 may be communicated through the plurality ofopenings 82 in theribs interior walls 84 of any downstream cavity 172 (here, the second andthird core cavities body portion 52. The coolingairflow 68 may then be communicated through the trailingedge cavity 95 of theairfoil 152 and into thegas path 62. - Although the different non-limiting embodiments are illustrated as having specific components, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to those particular combinations. It is possible to use some of the components or features from any of the non-limiting embodiments in combination with features or components from any of the other non-limiting embodiments.
- It should be understood that like reference numerals identify corresponding or similar elements throughout the several drawings. It should also be understood that although a particular component arrangement is disclosed and illustrated in these exemplary embodiments, other arrangements could also benefit from the teachings of this disclosure.
- The foregoing description shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in any limiting sense. A worker of ordinary skill in the art would understand that certain modifications could come within the scope of this disclosure. For these reasons, the following claims should be studied to determine the true scope and content of this disclosure.
Claims (20)
1. A component for a gas turbine engine, comprising:
a body portion; and
a cooling circuit disposed inside of said body portion, wherein said cooling circuit includes:
a first baffle received within a first core cavity that extends inside of said body portion;
a second baffle received within a second core cavity that extends inside of said body portion; and
a first rib disposed between said first core cavity and said second core cavity, wherein said first baffle is in fluid communication with said second baffle through said first rib.
2. The component as recited in claim 1 , wherein the component is a vane.
3. The component as recited in claim 1 , wherein the component is a blade.
4. The component as recited in claim 1 , wherein said first rib includes a plurality of openings that fluidly connect said first core cavity and said second core cavity.
5. The component as recited in claim 4 , wherein said plurality of openings are positioned in a staggered relationship across a radial span of said first rib.
6. The component as recited in claim 4 , wherein said plurality of openings each axially extend through said first rib in a direction that extends from a leading edge toward a trailing edge of said body portion.
7. The component as recited in claim 1 , wherein said first baffle and said second baffle each include a plurality of feed openings that extend through said first baffle and said second baffle.
8. The component as recited in claim 7 , wherein said plurality of feed openings extend through each wall of said first baffle and said second baffle.
9. The component as recited in claim 1 , wherein a space extends between an interior wall of said first core cavity and said first baffle.
10. The component as recited in claim 1 , wherein said cooling circuit includes a third baffle received within a third core cavity that extends inside of said body portion.
11. The component as recited in claim 10 , wherein said third baffle is in fluid communication with said second baffle through a second rib.
12. The component as recited in claim 10 , wherein said cooling circuit includes a trailing edge cavity in fluid communication with said third core cavity.
13. A gas turbine engine, comprising:
a compressor section;
a combustor section in fluid communication with said compressor section;
a turbine section in fluid communication with said combustor section; and
wherein at least one of said compressor section and said turbine section includes at least one component having a body portion and a cooling circuit disposed inside of said body portion, wherein said cooling circuit includes:
a first baffle received within a first core cavity that extends inside of said body portion;
a second baffle received within a second core cavity that extends inside of said body portion; and
a first rib disposed between said first core cavity and said second core cavity, wherein said first baffle is in fluid communication with said second baffle through said first rib.
14. The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 13 , wherein said at least one component is a vane.
15. The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 13 , wherein said first rib includes a plurality of openings.
16. The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 13 , wherein said first baffle and said second baffle each include a plurality of feed openings that extend through said first baffle and said second baffle.
17. The gas turbine engine as recited in claim 13 , wherein said cooling circuit includes a third baffle received within a third core cavity that extends inside of said body portion.
18. A method of cooling a component of a gas turbine engine, comprising the steps of:
feeding a cooling airflow into a first core cavity of a body portion of the component; and
expelling the cooling airflow from the body portion through a second core cavity that is in fluid communication with the first core cavity.
19. The method as recited in claim 18 , wherein the step of feeding includes:
communicating the cooling airflow through a plurality feed openings in a first baffle positioned within the first core cavity; and
impingement cooling at least one interior wall of the body portion with the cooling airflow that is communicated through the plurality of feed openings prior to the step of expelling.
20. The method as recited in claim 18 , comprising the step of:
communicating the cooling airflow through a first rib that is disposed between the first core cavity and the second core cavity prior to the step of expelling.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US13/621,968 US20140075947A1 (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2012-09-18 | Gas turbine engine component cooling circuit |
EP13838225.4A EP2898203A4 (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2013-09-17 | Gas turbine engine component cooling circuit |
PCT/US2013/060039 WO2014047022A1 (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2013-09-17 | Gas turbine engine component cooling circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/621,968 US20140075947A1 (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2012-09-18 | Gas turbine engine component cooling circuit |
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US20140075947A1 true US20140075947A1 (en) | 2014-03-20 |
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Family Applications (1)
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US13/621,968 Abandoned US20140075947A1 (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2012-09-18 | Gas turbine engine component cooling circuit |
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CN112196696A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-01-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Modification method for improving acoustic energy dissipation of partition plate nozzle |
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WO2014047022A1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
EP2898203A4 (en) | 2015-11-25 |
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