US20130305915A1 - Gas strut assembly with an internal detent module - Google Patents

Gas strut assembly with an internal detent module Download PDF

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Publication number
US20130305915A1
US20130305915A1 US13/473,906 US201213473906A US2013305915A1 US 20130305915 A1 US20130305915 A1 US 20130305915A1 US 201213473906 A US201213473906 A US 201213473906A US 2013305915 A1 US2013305915 A1 US 2013305915A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
central axis
strut assembly
gas strut
rod
displaceable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/473,906
Inventor
Gary W. Krajenke
Alvin N. Standard
Babu R. Amarnath
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GM Global Technology Operations LLC filed Critical GM Global Technology Operations LLC
Priority to US13/473,906 priority Critical patent/US20130305915A1/en
Assigned to GM Global Technology Operations LLC reassignment GM Global Technology Operations LLC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: AMARNATH, BABU R., KRAJENKE, GARY W., STANDARD, ALVIN N.
Priority to DE102013208508A priority patent/DE102013208508A1/en
Priority to CN2013101834595A priority patent/CN103423262A/en
Assigned to WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY reassignment WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY SECURITY AGREEMENT Assignors: GM Global Technology Operations LLC
Publication of US20130305915A1 publication Critical patent/US20130305915A1/en
Assigned to GM Global Technology Operations LLC reassignment GM Global Technology Operations LLC RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • E05F1/08—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings
    • E05F1/10—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
    • E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
    • E05C17/04—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing
    • E05C17/30—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing of extensible, e.g. telescopic, construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
    • F16F9/0209—Telescopic
    • F16F9/0218—Mono-tubular units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
    • F16F9/04—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/50—Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics
    • F16F9/52—Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics in case of change of temperature
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/53—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles characterised by the type of wing
    • E05Y2900/536—Hoods
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/53—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles characterised by the type of wing
    • E05Y2900/548—Trunk lids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
    • F16F2230/0052—Physically guiding or influencing
    • F16F2230/0064—Physically guiding or influencing using a cam

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to a gas strut assembly, and more specifically to an internal detent module for increasing a hold-open force of the gas strut assembly.
  • Gas strut assemblies include a housing that defines an interior space, with a rod moveably disposed within the interior space.
  • the rod is slideably moveable along a central axis between a retracted position, i.e., a shortened position, and an extended position, i.e., a lengthened position.
  • a piston is disposed at an axial end of the rod within the interior space of the housing.
  • the housing includes a closed end, and includes a volume of gas, such as but not limited to air, trapped within the interior space of the housing, between the piston and the closed end of the housing.
  • Movement of the rod from the extended position into the retracted position compresses the air between the closed end of the housing and the piston, thereby generating a resulting axial force urging the piston and the rod back into the extended position. As such, the rod is continuously biased toward the extended position.
  • the gas strut assemblies are biased toward the extended position, the gas strut assemblies are often utilized to provide an opening force and/or to provide a hold-open force to door, trunk lid, hood, etc.
  • the gas strut assemblies rely on the compressed gas to provide the axial force urging the piston and the rod into the extended position.
  • Changing ambient temperatures change the temperature of the gas, which changes the density of the gas. For example, when the temperature decreases, the density of gas also decreases, which lowers the resulting axial force that urges the rod into the extended position.
  • a gas strut assembly is provided.
  • the gas strut assembly includes a housing having a wall that extends along a central axis. The wall defines an interior space.
  • a rod is coupled to the housing. The rod is slideably moveable within the interior space along the central axis between an extended position and a retracted position.
  • a flexible member is secured in position relative to the housing.
  • a rigid member is coupled to and moveable with the rod.
  • the flexible member includes at least one displaceable portion that moves radially away from the central axis in response to a first radial force component of an opening force when engaged by the rigid member moving from the retracted position into the extended position.
  • the displaceable portion moves radially away from the central axis in response to a second radial force component of a closing force when engaged by the rigid member moving from the extended position into the retracted position.
  • the second radial force component is greater than the first radial force component.
  • the interaction between the rigid member and the flexible member resists movement of the rod along the central axis.
  • the interaction between the flexible member and the rigid member In order to move the rod from the extended position into the retracted position, the interaction between the flexible member and the rigid member must generate the second radial force component from the closing force. The second radial force component must be sufficient to move the displaceable portion away from the rigid member to allow the rigid member to pass thereby and continue into the refracted position.
  • the mechanical interaction between the rigid member and the flexible member increases the force required to move the rod out of the extended position and into the retracted position, thereby increasing the hold-open force of the gas strut assembly.
  • the interaction between the flexible member and the rigid member In order to move the rod from the retracted position into the extended position, the interaction between the flexible member and the rigid member must generate the first radial force component from the opening force.
  • the first radial force component must be sufficient to move the displaceable portion away from the rigid member to allow the rigid member to pass thereby and continue into the extended position.
  • the mechanical interaction between the rigid member and the flexible member increases the force required to move the rod into the extended position.
  • the interaction between the flexible member and the rigid member is designed so that the first radial force component is significantly less than the second radial force component so that the axial opening force generated from the compressed gas within the housing is able to generate the first radial force component and move the rod into the extended position.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross sectional view of a gas strut assembly in an retracted position.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross sectional view of the gas strut assembly in an extended position.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic perspective view of the gas strut assembly.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic cross sectional view of a detent module of the gas strut assembly showing a resultant force diagram of an opening force of the gas strut assembly generating a first radial force component.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic cross sectional view of the detent module showing a resultant force diagram of a closing force of the gas strut assembly generating a second radial force component.
  • the gas strut assembly 20 includes a housing 22 .
  • the housing 22 includes an exterior wall 24 that extends along a central axis 26 .
  • the exterior wall 24 includes a circular cross sectional shape perpendicular to the central axis 26 , and defines an interior space 28 , also having a circular cross sectional shape perpendicular to the central axis 26 .
  • the housing 22 includes a first open end 30 and a second closed end 32 .
  • a rod 34 is coupled to the housing 22 , and extends through the open end of the housing 22 .
  • the rod 34 extends along the central axis 26 , and is concentric with the housing 22 about the central axis 26 .
  • the rod 34 is slideably moveable within the interior space 28 of the housing 22 along the central axis 26 .
  • the rod 34 moves between a retracted or shortened position, shown in FIG. 1 , and an extended or lengthened position, shown in FIG. 2 .
  • a sealing pack 36 is attached to the housing 22 , adjacent the first open end 30 of the housing 22 .
  • the sealing pack 36 seals between the rod 34 and the housing 22 to trap gas, such as but not limited to air, within the interior space 28 of the housing 22 .
  • the sealing pack 36 slideably supports the rod 34 relative to the housing 22 .
  • the first open end 30 of the housing 22 is flared radially inward toward the central axis 26 .
  • the housing 22 includes a first rim 38 that extends radially inward toward the central axis 26 .
  • the first rim 38 is spaced from the flared open end of the housing 22 an axial distance 40 along the central axis 26 equal to a length 42 of the sealing pack 36 measured along the central axis 26 .
  • the sealing pack 36 is disposed between the first rim 38 and the flared open end of the housing 22 , and is secured in position relative to the housing 22 by the flared first open end 30 of the housing 22 and the first rim 38 .
  • the housing 22 further includes a second rim 44 spaced along the central axis 26 from the first rim 38 .
  • a flexible member 46 of an internal detent module 48 (described in greater detail below) is disposed between the sealing pack 36 and the second rim 44 . As such, the flexible member 46 of the internal detent module 48 is secured in position relative to the housing 22 by the sealing pack 36 and the second rim 44 .
  • the internal detent module 48 interconnects the housing 22 and the rod 34 when the rod 34 is disposed in the extended position to increase a closing force of the gas strut assembly 20 .
  • the closing force is the force required to move the rod 34 from the extended position into the retracted position. Accordingly, the internal detent module 48 increase the force required to move the rod 34 from the extended position into the retracted position.
  • the internal detent module 48 includes the flexible member 46 and a rigid member 50 .
  • the flexible member 46 is secured in position relative to the housing 22 .
  • the rigid member 50 is attached to and moveable with the rod 34 .
  • the flexible member 46 includes at least one displaceable portion 52 .
  • the displaceable portion 52 includes a plurality of displaceable portions 52 radially spaced about the central axis 26 .
  • FIG. 3 shows four displaceable portions 52 in the exemplary embodiment. However, it should be appreciated that the total number of displaceable portions 52 may vary from the four shown in the exemplary embodiment. While only one of the displaceable portions 52 is described in detail herein, each of the displaceable portions 52 is identical. As such, the description of the displaceable portion 52 described below is applicable to all of the displaceable portions 52 .
  • the flexible member 46 includes an annular base 54 defining a central aperture 56 .
  • the rod 34 extends through the central aperture 56 of the annular base 54 .
  • the outer periphery of the annular base 54 extends radially outward into abutting engagement with an interior surface 58 of the exterior wall 24 of the housing 22 .
  • the displaceable portion 52 extends axially along the central axis 26 from the annular base 54 , with the displaceable portion 52 disposed between the annular base 54 and the sealing pack 36 .
  • the displaceable portion 52 includes a first leg portion 60 extending substantially along the central axis 26 , a wall portion 62 extending from the first leg portion 60 and substantially away from the central axis 26 , and a second leg portion 66 extending from the wall portion 62 and substantially along the central axis 26 .
  • the rigid member 50 includes a body 68 that defines a central bore 70 .
  • the body 68 is disposed about and concentric with the rod 34 such that the rod 34 passes through the central bore 70 .
  • the rod 34 includes a ridge 72 that engages the body 68 of the rigid member 50 and prevents the rigid member 50 from moving axially along the rod 34 in a first axial direction 74 beyond the ridge 72 .
  • a clip 76 is coupled to a recess 78 in the rod 34 to prevent movement of the rigid member 50 relative to the rod 34 in a second axial direction 80 , i.e., opposite the first axial direction 74 .
  • the rigid member 50 is secured in place on the rod 34 between the ridge 72 and the clip 76 .
  • the internal detent module 48 may further include a first washer 82 and a second washer 84 disposed at opposite axial ends of the rigid member 50 .
  • the body 68 includes detent 86 , which extends radially away from the body 68 and the central axis 26 .
  • the detent 86 is disposed at an axial end of the body 68 facing the first open end 30 of the housing 22 .
  • the detent 86 includes an annular ring that extends away from the body 68 of the rigid member 50 , and completely encircles the rod 34 .
  • the detent 86 need not completely encircle the rod 34 , and that the detent 86 may include multiple detents, with each of the detents spaced about the body 68 of the rigid member 50 .
  • the detent 86 includes a first cam surface 88 and a second cam surface 90 .
  • the first cam surface 88 and the second cam surface 90 are defined by rounded or chamfered axial edges of the detent 86 .
  • the first cam surface 88 is defined by an axial edge of the detent 86 facing the first open end 30 of the housing 22 .
  • the second cam surface 90 is defined by an axial edge of the detent 86 facing the second closed end 32 of the housing 22 .
  • the first cam surface 88 engages the displaceable portion 52 when moving from the retracted position into the extended position.
  • the displaceable portion 52 moves radially away from the central axis 26 in response to a first radial force component F R1 of an opening force F O when engaged by the first cam surface 88 of the rigid member 50 .
  • the opening force F O is a force applied to the rod 34 to move the rod 34 from the retracted position into the extended position.
  • the opening force F O is applied by compressed gas, such as but not limited to air, trapped between a piston end 92 of the rigid member 50 and the second closed end 32 of the housing 22 . The compressed gas biases against the piston end 92 of the rigid member 50 to urge the rod 34 from the refracted position into the extended position, thereby providing the opening force F O .
  • the first leg portion 60 of the displaceable portion 52 includes a radially inner surface 94 that contacts and/or engages the first cam surface 88 of the detent 86 .
  • the radial inner surface 94 of the first leg portion 60 is angled relative to the central axis 26 .
  • the first cam surface 88 engages the radial inner surface 94 of the first leg portion 60 to define a first engagement angle 96 there between.
  • the first axial force component F A1 is directed along or parallel with the central axis 26
  • the first radial force component F R1 is directed perpendicularly away from the central axis 26 , and against the displaceable portion 52 .
  • the degree of angle of the first engagement angle 96 relative to the central axis 26 determines how much of the opening force F O is directed into the first axial force component F A1 and the first radial force component F R1 respectively.
  • a greater value of the first engagement angle 96 directs more of the opening force F O into the first axial force component F A1 than a lesser value of the first engagement angle 96 , thereby decreasing the first radial force component F R1 and requiring a greater opening force F O to move the displaceable portion 52 radially away from the detent 86 and allow the rigid member 50 to move into the extended position.
  • the radial inner surface 94 of the first leg portion 60 is preferably oriented relative to the central axis 26 so that the first engagement angle 96 includes a smaller or lesser value so as not to greatly increase the required opening force F O .
  • the first engagement angle 96 may vary between the range of 0° and 45°. However, it should be appreciated that the first engagement angle 96 may differ from the values described herein, and may be defined based upon the particular uses of the gas strut assembly 20 .
  • the second cam surface 90 engages the displaceable portion 52 when moving from the extended position into the retracted position.
  • the displaceable portion 52 moves radially away from the central axis 26 in response to a second radial force component F R2 of the closing force F C when engaged by the second cam surface 90 of the rigid member 50 .
  • the wall portion 62 of the displaceable portion 52 extends from an axial end of the first leg portion 60 and radially away from the central axis 26 .
  • the wall portion 62 includes an axial end surface 98 that engages and/or contacts the second cam surface 90 of the detent 86 .
  • the axial end surface 98 of the wall portion 62 is angled relative to the central axis 26 .
  • the second cam surface 90 engages the axial end surface 98 of the wall portion 62 to define a second engagement angle 100 there between relative to the central axis 26 .
  • the engagement between the second cam surface 90 and the axial end surface 98 of the wall portion 62 at the second engagement angle 100 relative to the central axis 26 generates a second axial force component F A2 and the second radial force component F R2 .
  • the second axial force component F A2 is directed along or parallel with the central axis 26
  • the second radial force component F R2 is directed perpendicularly away from the central axis 26 , and against the displaceable portion 52 .
  • the degree of angle of the second engagement angle 100 relative to the central axis 26 determines how much of the closing force F C is directed into the second axial force component F A2 and the second radial force component F R2 respectively.
  • a greater value of the second engagement angle 100 directs more of the closing force F C into the second radial force component F R2 than a lesser value of the second engagement angle 100 , thereby requiring a greater closing force F C to move the displaceable portion 52 radially away from the detent 86 and allow the rigid member to move into the retracted position.
  • the axial end surface 98 of the wall portion 62 is preferably oriented relative to the central axis 26 so that the second engagement angle 100 includes a higher or greater value so as to significantly increase the required closing force F C .
  • the second engagement angle 100 may vary between the range of 0° and 45°.
  • the second engagement angle 100 may differ from the values described herein, and may be defined based upon the particular uses of the gas strut assembly 20 .
  • the second engagement angle 100 is defined to include a higher value than the first engagement angle 96 , it should be appreciated that the second radial force component F R2 is greater than the first radial force component F R1 .
  • the second leg portion 66 of the displaceable portion 52 extends from the wall portion 62 , axially along the central axis 26 and away from the first leg portion 60 .
  • the second leg portion 66 includes an inner surface 102 that contacts and/or engages a radial outer surface 104 of the detent 86 . Engagement between the radial outer surface 104 of the detent 86 and the inner surface 102 of the second leg portion 66 limits radial movement of the displaceable portion 52 inward toward the central axis 26 when the rod 34 is in the extended position.
  • the engagement between the radial outer surface 104 of the detent 86 and the inner surface 102 of the second leg portion 66 ensures proper engagement between the second cam surface 90 and the axial end surface 98 of the wall portion 62 , and prevents the displaceable portion 52 from flexing radially inward toward the body 68 of the rigid member 50 and becoming wedged in place.
  • the flexible member 46 may include and be manufactured from a polymer, such as but not limited to nylon or a plastic.
  • a polymer such as but not limited to nylon or a plastic.
  • the characteristics of the material used to form the flexible member 46 particularly the stiffness or resistance to bending of the material, affects the force required to move the displaceable portion 52 radially away from the body 68 . As such, the specific material chosen for the flexible member 46 is dependent upon the particular use for the strut assembly.
  • a band 106 may be disposed radially about and encircle the displaceable portions 52 .
  • the band 106 In order for the displaceable portions 52 to flex radial outward away from the detent 86 of the body 68 , the band 106 must expand in circumferential length 42 . Accordingly, the band 106 increases the force required to move the displaceable portions 52 radially outward away from the detent 86 of the body 68 .
  • the material characteristics of the material used to form the band 106 particularly the strain resistance or resistance to stretching, affects the force required to stretch or expand the band 106 , and thereby affects the force required to move the displaceable portions 52 radially away from the body 68 .
  • the band 106 may include and be manufactured from a material having a resistance to expansion that is variable with temperature.
  • the band 106 may include a resistance to expansion that increases with a decrease in temperature. Accordingly, as the temperature decreases, the resistance of the band 106 to expanding, i.e., stretching, increases, thereby increasing the force required to move the displaceable portions 52 radially away from the detent 86 of the rigid member 50 .
  • the specific material chosen for the band 106 is dependent upon the amount of resistance the band 106 is required to provide, which is dependent upon the particular use of the gas strut assembly 20 .
  • the band 106 may include and be manufactured from, for example, one of a thermoplastic elastomer or a thermoplastic rubber.

Abstract

A gas strut assembly includes a housing defining an interior space. A rod is coupled to the housing, and is slideably moveable between an extended position and a retracted position. A flexible member is secured in position relative to the housing. A rigid member is coupled to and moveable with the rod. The flexible member includes at least one displaceable portion that moves radially away from the central axis in response to a first radial force component of an opening force when engaged by the rigid member moving from the refracted position into the extended position. The displaceable portion moves radially away from the central axis in response to a second radial force component of a closing force when engaged by the rigid member moving from the extended position into the retracted position. The second radial force component is greater than the first radial force component.

Description

    TECHNICAL FIELD
  • The invention generally relates to a gas strut assembly, and more specifically to an internal detent module for increasing a hold-open force of the gas strut assembly.
    • BACKGROUND
  • Gas strut assemblies include a housing that defines an interior space, with a rod moveably disposed within the interior space. The rod is slideably moveable along a central axis between a retracted position, i.e., a shortened position, and an extended position, i.e., a lengthened position. A piston is disposed at an axial end of the rod within the interior space of the housing. The housing includes a closed end, and includes a volume of gas, such as but not limited to air, trapped within the interior space of the housing, between the piston and the closed end of the housing. Movement of the rod from the extended position into the retracted position compresses the air between the closed end of the housing and the piston, thereby generating a resulting axial force urging the piston and the rod back into the extended position. As such, the rod is continuously biased toward the extended position.
  • Because the gas strut assemblies are biased toward the extended position, the gas strut assemblies are often utilized to provide an opening force and/or to provide a hold-open force to door, trunk lid, hood, etc. However, the gas strut assemblies rely on the compressed gas to provide the axial force urging the piston and the rod into the extended position. Changing ambient temperatures change the temperature of the gas, which changes the density of the gas. For example, when the temperature decreases, the density of gas also decreases, which lowers the resulting axial force that urges the rod into the extended position.
    • SUMMARY
  • A gas strut assembly is provided. The gas strut assembly includes a housing having a wall that extends along a central axis. The wall defines an interior space. A rod is coupled to the housing. The rod is slideably moveable within the interior space along the central axis between an extended position and a retracted position. A flexible member is secured in position relative to the housing. A rigid member is coupled to and moveable with the rod. The flexible member includes at least one displaceable portion that moves radially away from the central axis in response to a first radial force component of an opening force when engaged by the rigid member moving from the retracted position into the extended position. The displaceable portion moves radially away from the central axis in response to a second radial force component of a closing force when engaged by the rigid member moving from the extended position into the retracted position. The second radial force component is greater than the first radial force component.
  • Accordingly, the interaction between the rigid member and the flexible member resists movement of the rod along the central axis. In order to move the rod from the extended position into the retracted position, the interaction between the flexible member and the rigid member must generate the second radial force component from the closing force. The second radial force component must be sufficient to move the displaceable portion away from the rigid member to allow the rigid member to pass thereby and continue into the refracted position. As such, the mechanical interaction between the rigid member and the flexible member increases the force required to move the rod out of the extended position and into the retracted position, thereby increasing the hold-open force of the gas strut assembly.
  • In order to move the rod from the retracted position into the extended position, the interaction between the flexible member and the rigid member must generate the first radial force component from the opening force. The first radial force component must be sufficient to move the displaceable portion away from the rigid member to allow the rigid member to pass thereby and continue into the extended position. As such, the mechanical interaction between the rigid member and the flexible member increases the force required to move the rod into the extended position. The interaction between the flexible member and the rigid member is designed so that the first radial force component is significantly less than the second radial force component so that the axial opening force generated from the compressed gas within the housing is able to generate the first radial force component and move the rod into the extended position.
  • The above features and advantages and other features and advantages of the present invention are readily apparent from the following detailed description of the best modes for carrying out the invention when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross sectional view of a gas strut assembly in an retracted position.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross sectional view of the gas strut assembly in an extended position.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic perspective view of the gas strut assembly.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic cross sectional view of a detent module of the gas strut assembly showing a resultant force diagram of an opening force of the gas strut assembly generating a first radial force component.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic cross sectional view of the detent module showing a resultant force diagram of a closing force of the gas strut assembly generating a second radial force component.
    •  DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • Those having ordinary skill in the art will recognize that terms such as “above,” “below,” “upward,” “downward,” “top,” “bottom,” etc., are used descriptively for the figures, and do not represent limitations on the scope of the invention, as defined by the appended claims.
  • Referring to the Figures, wherein like numerals indicate like parts throughout the several views, a gas strut assembly is generally shown at 20. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the gas strut assembly 20 includes a housing 22. The housing 22 includes an exterior wall 24 that extends along a central axis 26. The exterior wall 24 includes a circular cross sectional shape perpendicular to the central axis 26, and defines an interior space 28, also having a circular cross sectional shape perpendicular to the central axis 26.
  • The housing 22 includes a first open end 30 and a second closed end 32. A rod 34 is coupled to the housing 22, and extends through the open end of the housing 22. The rod 34 extends along the central axis 26, and is concentric with the housing 22 about the central axis 26. The rod 34 is slideably moveable within the interior space 28 of the housing 22 along the central axis 26. The rod 34 moves between a retracted or shortened position, shown in FIG. 1, and an extended or lengthened position, shown in FIG. 2.
  • A sealing pack 36 is attached to the housing 22, adjacent the first open end 30 of the housing 22. The sealing pack 36 seals between the rod 34 and the housing 22 to trap gas, such as but not limited to air, within the interior space 28 of the housing 22. The sealing pack 36 slideably supports the rod 34 relative to the housing 22.
  • The first open end 30 of the housing 22 is flared radially inward toward the central axis 26. The housing 22 includes a first rim 38 that extends radially inward toward the central axis 26. The first rim 38 is spaced from the flared open end of the housing 22 an axial distance 40 along the central axis 26 equal to a length 42 of the sealing pack 36 measured along the central axis 26. The sealing pack 36 is disposed between the first rim 38 and the flared open end of the housing 22, and is secured in position relative to the housing 22 by the flared first open end 30 of the housing 22 and the first rim 38.
  • The housing 22 further includes a second rim 44 spaced along the central axis 26 from the first rim 38. A flexible member 46 of an internal detent module 48 (described in greater detail below) is disposed between the sealing pack 36 and the second rim 44. As such, the flexible member 46 of the internal detent module 48 is secured in position relative to the housing 22 by the sealing pack 36 and the second rim 44.
  • The internal detent module 48 interconnects the housing 22 and the rod 34 when the rod 34 is disposed in the extended position to increase a closing force of the gas strut assembly 20. The closing force is the force required to move the rod 34 from the extended position into the retracted position. Accordingly, the internal detent module 48 increase the force required to move the rod 34 from the extended position into the retracted position.
  • Referring also to FIG. 3, the internal detent module 48 includes the flexible member 46 and a rigid member 50. As described above, the flexible member 46 is secured in position relative to the housing 22. The rigid member 50 is attached to and moveable with the rod 34. The flexible member 46 includes at least one displaceable portion 52. As shown, the displaceable portion 52 includes a plurality of displaceable portions 52 radially spaced about the central axis 26. FIG. 3 shows four displaceable portions 52 in the exemplary embodiment. However, it should be appreciated that the total number of displaceable portions 52 may vary from the four shown in the exemplary embodiment. While only one of the displaceable portions 52 is described in detail herein, each of the displaceable portions 52 is identical. As such, the description of the displaceable portion 52 described below is applicable to all of the displaceable portions 52.
  • The flexible member 46 includes an annular base 54 defining a central aperture 56. The rod 34 extends through the central aperture 56 of the annular base 54. The outer periphery of the annular base 54 extends radially outward into abutting engagement with an interior surface 58 of the exterior wall 24 of the housing 22. The displaceable portion 52 extends axially along the central axis 26 from the annular base 54, with the displaceable portion 52 disposed between the annular base 54 and the sealing pack 36. The displaceable portion 52 includes a first leg portion 60 extending substantially along the central axis 26, a wall portion 62 extending from the first leg portion 60 and substantially away from the central axis 26, and a second leg portion 66 extending from the wall portion 62 and substantially along the central axis 26.
  • The rigid member 50 includes a body 68 that defines a central bore 70. The body 68 is disposed about and concentric with the rod 34 such that the rod 34 passes through the central bore 70. As shown, the rod 34 includes a ridge 72 that engages the body 68 of the rigid member 50 and prevents the rigid member 50 from moving axially along the rod 34 in a first axial direction 74 beyond the ridge 72. A clip 76 is coupled to a recess 78 in the rod 34 to prevent movement of the rigid member 50 relative to the rod 34 in a second axial direction 80, i.e., opposite the first axial direction 74. As such, the rigid member 50 is secured in place on the rod 34 between the ridge 72 and the clip 76. The internal detent module 48 may further include a first washer 82 and a second washer 84 disposed at opposite axial ends of the rigid member 50. The body 68 includes detent 86, which extends radially away from the body 68 and the central axis 26. The detent 86 is disposed at an axial end of the body 68 facing the first open end 30 of the housing 22. As shown, the detent 86 includes an annular ring that extends away from the body 68 of the rigid member 50, and completely encircles the rod 34. However, it should be appreciated that the detent 86 need not completely encircle the rod 34, and that the detent 86 may include multiple detents, with each of the detents spaced about the body 68 of the rigid member 50.
  • The detent 86 includes a first cam surface 88 and a second cam surface 90. As shown, the first cam surface 88 and the second cam surface 90 are defined by rounded or chamfered axial edges of the detent 86. The first cam surface 88 is defined by an axial edge of the detent 86 facing the first open end 30 of the housing 22. The second cam surface 90 is defined by an axial edge of the detent 86 facing the second closed end 32 of the housing 22.
  • Referring to FIG. 4, the first cam surface 88 engages the displaceable portion 52 when moving from the retracted position into the extended position. The displaceable portion 52 moves radially away from the central axis 26 in response to a first radial force component FR1 of an opening force FO when engaged by the first cam surface 88 of the rigid member 50. The opening force FO is a force applied to the rod 34 to move the rod 34 from the retracted position into the extended position. The opening force FO is applied by compressed gas, such as but not limited to air, trapped between a piston end 92 of the rigid member 50 and the second closed end 32 of the housing 22. The compressed gas biases against the piston end 92 of the rigid member 50 to urge the rod 34 from the refracted position into the extended position, thereby providing the opening force FO.
  • The first leg portion 60 of the displaceable portion 52 includes a radially inner surface 94 that contacts and/or engages the first cam surface 88 of the detent 86. The radial inner surface 94 of the first leg portion 60 is angled relative to the central axis 26. The first cam surface 88 engages the radial inner surface 94 of the first leg portion 60 to define a first engagement angle 96 there between. When the opening force FO is applied to the rod 34, the engagement or interaction between the first cam surface 88 and the radial inner surface 94 of the first leg portion 60 at the first engagement angle 96 relative to the central axis 26 generates a first axial force component FA1 and the first radial force component FR1. The first axial force component FA1 is directed along or parallel with the central axis 26, and the first radial force component FR1 is directed perpendicularly away from the central axis 26, and against the displaceable portion 52. The degree of angle of the first engagement angle 96 relative to the central axis 26 determines how much of the opening force FO is directed into the first axial force component FA1 and the first radial force component FR1 respectively. A greater value of the first engagement angle 96 directs more of the opening force FO into the first axial force component FA1 than a lesser value of the first engagement angle 96, thereby decreasing the first radial force component FR1 and requiring a greater opening force FO to move the displaceable portion 52 radially away from the detent 86 and allow the rigid member 50 to move into the extended position. The radial inner surface 94 of the first leg portion 60 is preferably oriented relative to the central axis 26 so that the first engagement angle 96 includes a smaller or lesser value so as not to greatly increase the required opening force FO. For example, the first engagement angle 96 may vary between the range of 0° and 45°. However, it should be appreciated that the first engagement angle 96 may differ from the values described herein, and may be defined based upon the particular uses of the gas strut assembly 20.
  • Referring to FIG. 5, the second cam surface 90 engages the displaceable portion 52 when moving from the extended position into the retracted position. The displaceable portion 52 moves radially away from the central axis 26 in response to a second radial force component FR2 of the closing force FC when engaged by the second cam surface 90 of the rigid member 50.
  • The wall portion 62 of the displaceable portion 52 extends from an axial end of the first leg portion 60 and radially away from the central axis 26. The wall portion 62 includes an axial end surface 98 that engages and/or contacts the second cam surface 90 of the detent 86. The axial end surface 98 of the wall portion 62 is angled relative to the central axis 26. The second cam surface 90 engages the axial end surface 98 of the wall portion 62 to define a second engagement angle 100 there between relative to the central axis 26. When the closing force FC is applied to the rod 34, the engagement between the second cam surface 90 and the axial end surface 98 of the wall portion 62 at the second engagement angle 100 relative to the central axis 26 generates a second axial force component FA2 and the second radial force component FR2. The second axial force component FA2 is directed along or parallel with the central axis 26, and the second radial force component FR2 is directed perpendicularly away from the central axis 26, and against the displaceable portion 52. The degree of angle of the second engagement angle 100 relative to the central axis 26 determines how much of the closing force FC is directed into the second axial force component FA2 and the second radial force component FR2 respectively. A greater value of the second engagement angle 100 directs more of the closing force FC into the second radial force component FR2 than a lesser value of the second engagement angle 100, thereby requiring a greater closing force FC to move the displaceable portion 52 radially away from the detent 86 and allow the rigid member to move into the retracted position. The axial end surface 98 of the wall portion 62 is preferably oriented relative to the central axis 26 so that the second engagement angle 100 includes a higher or greater value so as to significantly increase the required closing force FC. For example, the second engagement angle 100 may vary between the range of 0° and 45°. However, it should be appreciated that the second engagement angle 100 may differ from the values described herein, and may be defined based upon the particular uses of the gas strut assembly 20. When the second engagement angle 100 is defined to include a higher value than the first engagement angle 96, it should be appreciated that the second radial force component FR2 is greater than the first radial force component FR1.
  • The second leg portion 66 of the displaceable portion 52 extends from the wall portion 62, axially along the central axis 26 and away from the first leg portion 60. The second leg portion 66 includes an inner surface 102 that contacts and/or engages a radial outer surface 104 of the detent 86. Engagement between the radial outer surface 104 of the detent 86 and the inner surface 102 of the second leg portion 66 limits radial movement of the displaceable portion 52 inward toward the central axis 26 when the rod 34 is in the extended position. As such, when the rod 34 is in the extended position, the engagement between the radial outer surface 104 of the detent 86 and the inner surface 102 of the second leg portion 66 ensures proper engagement between the second cam surface 90 and the axial end surface 98 of the wall portion 62, and prevents the displaceable portion 52 from flexing radially inward toward the body 68 of the rigid member 50 and becoming wedged in place.
  • The flexible member 46 may include and be manufactured from a polymer, such as but not limited to nylon or a plastic. The characteristics of the material used to form the flexible member 46, particularly the stiffness or resistance to bending of the material, affects the force required to move the displaceable portion 52 radially away from the body 68. As such, the specific material chosen for the flexible member 46 is dependent upon the particular use for the strut assembly.
  • A band 106 may be disposed radially about and encircle the displaceable portions 52. In order for the displaceable portions 52 to flex radial outward away from the detent 86 of the body 68, the band 106 must expand in circumferential length 42. Accordingly, the band 106 increases the force required to move the displaceable portions 52 radially outward away from the detent 86 of the body 68. The material characteristics of the material used to form the band 106, particularly the strain resistance or resistance to stretching, affects the force required to stretch or expand the band 106, and thereby affects the force required to move the displaceable portions 52 radially away from the body 68.
  • The band 106 may include and be manufactured from a material having a resistance to expansion that is variable with temperature. As such, the band 106 may include a resistance to expansion that increases with a decrease in temperature. Accordingly, as the temperature decreases, the resistance of the band 106 to expanding, i.e., stretching, increases, thereby increasing the force required to move the displaceable portions 52 radially away from the detent 86 of the rigid member 50. As such, the specific material chosen for the band 106 is dependent upon the amount of resistance the band 106 is required to provide, which is dependent upon the particular use of the gas strut assembly 20. However, the band 106 may include and be manufactured from, for example, one of a thermoplastic elastomer or a thermoplastic rubber.
  • The detailed description and the drawings or figures are supportive and descriptive of the invention, but the scope of the invention is defined solely by the claims. While some of the best modes and other embodiments for carrying out the claimed invention have been described in detail, various alternative designs and embodiments exist for practicing the invention defined in the appended claims.

Claims (20)

1. A gas strut assembly comprising:
a housing including a wall extending along a central axis and defining an interior space;
a rod coupled to the housing and slideably moveable within the interior space and along the central axis between an extended position and a retracted position;
a flexible member secured in position relative to the housing; and
a rigid member coupled to and moveable with the rod;
wherein the flexible member includes at least one displaceable portion configured for moving radially away from the central axis in response to a first radial force component of an opening force when engaged by the rigid member moving from the retracted position into the extended position;
wherein the at least one displaceable portion is configured for moving radially away from the central axis in response to a second radial force component of a closing force when engaged by the rigid member moving from the extended position into the retracted position; and
wherein the second radial force component is greater than the first radial force component.
2. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 1 wherein the rigid member includes a body disposed about and concentric with the rod, and a detent extending radially away from the body and the central axis, wherein the detent includes a first cam surface for engaging the displaceable portion when moving from the retracted position into the extended position, and wherein the detent includes a second cam surface for engaging the displaceable portion when moving from the extended position into the retracted position.
3. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 2 wherein the flexible member includes an annular base, with the displaceable portion extending axially along the central axis from the annular base.
4. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 3 wherein the displaceable portion includes a first leg portion having a radially inner surface for engaging the first cam surface of the detent.
5. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 4 wherein the radial inner surface of the first leg portion is angled relative to the central axis, wherein the first cam surface engages the radial inner surface of the first leg portion at a first engagement angle relative to the central axis such that a force applied axially to the rod along the central axis generates a radial component force thereof directed perpendicularly away from the central axis.
6. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 5 wherein the first engagement angle is between the range of 0° and 45°.
7. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 4 wherein the displaceable portion includes a wall portion extending from an axial end of the first leg portion and radially away from the central axis, wherein the wall portion includes an axial end surface for engaging the second cam surface of the detent.
8. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 7 wherein the axial end surface of the wall portion is angled relative to the central axis, wherein the second cam surface engages the axial end surface of the wall portion at a second engagement angle relative to the central axis such that a force applied axially to the rod along the central axis generates a radial component force thereof directed perpendicularly away from the central axis.
9. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 8 wherein the second engagement angle is between the range of 0° and 45°.
10. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 7 wherein the displaceable portion includes a second leg portion extending from the wall portion axially along the central axis and away form the first leg portion, and wherein the second leg portion includes an inner surface for engaging a radial outer surface of the detent to limit radial movement of the displaceable portion inward toward the central axis when the rod is in the extended position to ensure proper engagement between the second cam surface and the axial end surface of the wall portion.
11. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 1 wherein the at least one displaceable portion includes a plurality of displaceable portions radially spaced about the central axis.
12. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 11 further comprising a band disposed radially about and encircling the plurality of displaceable portions.
13. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 11 wherein the band includes and is manufactured from a material having a resistance to expansion that is variable with temperature.
14. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 13 wherein the band includes a resistance to expansion that increases with a decrease in temperature.
15. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 14 wherein the band includes and is manufactured from one of a thermoplastic elastomer or a thermoplastic rubber.
16. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 1 wherein the flexible member includes and is manufactured from a polymer.
17. A gas strut assembly comprising:
a housing including a wall extending along a central axis and defining an interior space;
a rod coupled to the housing and slideably moveable within the interior space and along the central axis between an extended position and a retracted position; and
an internal detent module interconnecting the housing and the rod, the internal detent module including:
a rigid member coupled to and moveable with the rod, and including a body having a detent extending radially away from the body and the central axis, wherein the detent defines a first cam surface and a second cam surface;
a flexible member secured in position relative to the housing, and including a plurality of displaceable portions, with each of the displaceable portions including a first leg portion having a radially inner surface, and a wall portion having an axial end surface;
wherein the radial inner surfaces of the first leg portions of the displaceable portions are angled relative to the central axis to engage the first cam surface of the detent at a first engagement angle relative to the central axis when moving from the retracted position into the extended position, such that the first engagement angle directs a portion of an opening force applied axially to the rod along the central axis perpendicularly away from the central axis to define a first radial force component of the opening force;
wherein the axial end surfaces of the wall portions are angled relative to the central axis to engage the second cam surface of the detent at a second engagement angle relative to the central axis when moving from the extended position into the retracted position, such that the second engagement angle directs a portion of a closing force applied axially to the rod along the central axis perpendicularly away from the central axis to define a second radial force component of the closing force; and
wherein the second radial force component of the closing force is greater than the first radial force component of the opening force such that the closing force must be greater than the axial force to displace the plurality of displaceable portions and move the rod from the extended position into the retracted position.
18. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 17 further comprising a band disposed radially about and encircling the plurality of displaceable portions.
19. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 18 wherein the band includes and is manufactured from a material having a resistance to expansion that increases with a decrease in temperature.
20. A gas strut assembly as set forth in claim 17 wherein each of the displaceable portions includes a second leg portion extending from the wall portion axially along the central axis and away from the first leg portion, and wherein the second leg portion includes an inner surface for engaging a radial outer surface of the detent to limit radial movement of each of the displaceable portions inward toward the central axis when the rod is in the extended position to ensure proper engagement between the second cam surface and the axial end surface of the wall portion.
US13/473,906 2012-05-17 2012-05-17 Gas strut assembly with an internal detent module Abandoned US20130305915A1 (en)

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US13/473,906 US20130305915A1 (en) 2012-05-17 2012-05-17 Gas strut assembly with an internal detent module
DE102013208508A DE102013208508A1 (en) 2012-05-17 2013-05-08 Gas strut assembly with inner locking module
CN2013101834595A CN103423262A (en) 2012-05-17 2013-05-17 Gas strut assembly with an internal detent module

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ES2770062T3 (en) * 2017-09-05 2020-06-30 Safran Landing Systems Uk Ltd Telescopic device

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US20070233255A1 (en) * 2006-03-06 2007-10-04 Vermillion Technologies, Llc Intervertebral disc replacement prosthesis
US7410038B2 (en) * 2002-10-11 2008-08-12 Svm Schultz Verwaltungs-Gmbh & Co. Kg Locking unit

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FR2719641B1 (en) * 1994-05-06 1996-07-26 Peugeot Gas spring holding an articulated wall of a motor vehicle with adjustable opening.
JPH10252801A (en) * 1997-01-07 1998-09-22 Showa:Kk Gas spring
US8246019B2 (en) * 2007-06-21 2012-08-21 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Air spring for vehicle closure

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US5540138A (en) * 1993-09-02 1996-07-30 Robbins, Jr. ; Roland W. Lockup and release device
US7410038B2 (en) * 2002-10-11 2008-08-12 Svm Schultz Verwaltungs-Gmbh & Co. Kg Locking unit
US20070014630A1 (en) * 2005-03-14 2007-01-18 Brown David A Shrinkage-compensating continuity system
US20070233255A1 (en) * 2006-03-06 2007-10-04 Vermillion Technologies, Llc Intervertebral disc replacement prosthesis

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