US20130305748A1 - Icephobic coating on the condenser cold side - Google Patents
Icephobic coating on the condenser cold side Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20130305748A1 US20130305748A1 US13/475,221 US201213475221A US2013305748A1 US 20130305748 A1 US20130305748 A1 US 20130305748A1 US 201213475221 A US201213475221 A US 201213475221A US 2013305748 A1 US2013305748 A1 US 2013305748A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- condenser
- icephobic
- coating
- icephobic coating
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D13/00—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft
- B64D13/06—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft the air being conditioned
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/006—Preventing deposits of ice
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D13/00—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft
- B64D13/06—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft the air being conditioned
- B64D2013/0603—Environmental Control Systems
- B64D2013/0666—Environmental Control Systems with means for preventing icing within the ECS components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0021—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for aircrafts or cosmonautics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
- F28D2021/0084—Condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
- F28F2245/04—Coatings; Surface treatments hydrophobic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to apparatus and methods for preventing ice build-up and, more particularly, apparatus and methods for preventing ice build-up on the cold side of environmental control system (ECS) condensers.
- ECS environmental control system
- the air temperature at the turbine exit in an ECS system can be sub-freezing. This causes moisture in the air to come out of the turbine as ice. This ice then sticks and starts building up on the cold side of the ECS condenser, which adversely affects the performance of both the condenser and the ECS.
- an icephobic composition for a structure in a sub-freezing air flow comprises of a silicon resin binder containing fumed silica and a chemical crosslinker.
- an environmental control system comprises a turbine supplying sub-freezing air to a condenser; a condenser adapted to receive the sub-freezing air; and an icephobic coating disposed on at least a cold side of the condenser.
- a method for preventing ice buildup on a condenser comprises coating at least a cold side of the condenser with an icephobic coating.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an environmental control system for an aircraft
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of offset fins that go into a condenser adapted to be coated with the icephobic coating of the present invention.
- embodiments of the present invention provide an icephobic coating that may be disposed on at least a cold side of a condenser in an environmental control system (ECS) of an aircraft.
- ECS environmental control system
- air may be received by an ECS 20 from both the aircraft exterior as fresh air, and from the aircraft fuselage or other interior space as recirculation air.
- Fresh air can be supplied from cabin compressors 10 a , 10 b powered by motors 11 a , 11 b .
- the compressed air may pass through a primary heat exchanger 32 that may be disposed in a ram air heat exchanger circuit 56 .
- the ram air heat exchanger circuit 56 may have ambient ram air passing therethrough, which cools compressed air in the primary heat exchanger 32 , a secondary heat exchanger 34 , and an air recirculation heat exchanger 36 located in the circuit 56 .
- the ambient ram air may be drawn into the heat exchanger circuit 56 through a ram scoop during aircraft flight.
- the ram air heat circuit 56 may be driven by an electric fan 54 disposed downstream of the heat exchangers 32 , 34 , 36 so the heat from the fan 54 is directed overboard rather than into the heat exchangers 32 , 34 , 36 .
- the ambient ram air in the circuit 56 is cooler than the air passing through the heat exchangers 32 , 34 , 36 , and therefore serves as a heat sink.
- the air is supplied to a bootstrap air cycle machine, referring specifically to a compressor 40 and a turbine 42 that either share the same rotating axis or are otherwise powered and rotated together.
- the compressor 40 can further pressurize and heats the air.
- the compressed air can then be supplied to the secondary heat exchanger 34 , causing the compressed air to cool.
- an altitude valve 60 may be closed, causing the air to pass through a re-heater 44 and a condenser 46 , and then through a water separator 48 , which substantially dries the air.
- the air may again be heated in the re-heater 44 , and then the hot and dry air may be supplied to the turbine 42 .
- the turbine 42 may provide cooled air as a product of air expansion, and may forward the cooled air to the condenser 46 , which supplies the air to the cabins in the aircraft fuselage 30 .
- the cooled air provided by the turbine 42 is typically sub-freezing. This can cause moisture in the air to come out of the turbine as ice. This ice may then stick and start to build up on the cold side of the condenser 46 .
- the condenser 46 is coated with an icephobic coating 50 (not shown in FIG. 1 )
- the icephobic coating 50 may facilitate removal of ice by reducing adhesion to the underlying surface, allowing system vibrations or airflow to discard ice from the condenser.
- Typical offset fins used in a condenser 46 is shown in FIG. 2 . It should be noted that the icephobic coating 50 of the present invention may be applied to various condenser designs, including the offset fin surface 46 , as shown, but also to plain fin and wavy fin condensers.
- the icephobic coating 50 may be applied to the condenser surface 46 through any number of processes.
- the icephobic coating 50 may be sprayed onto the condenser fins 46 or the condenser 46 may be dipped into the icephobic coating 50 , for example.
- the icephobic coating 50 may be applied to only a cold side of the condenser 46 .
- the icephobic coating 50 may be applied to about 50 percent of the length of the condenser 46 .
- the icephobic coating 50 may be applied to the entire surface of the condenser 46 .
- the icephobic coating 50 may be selected from a number of icephobic coatings.
- the icephobic coating 50 may be applied as a silicone resin binder containing fumed silica particles and a chemical cross linker.
- the coating can be either sprayed onto the condenser fins or the entire condenser can be dipped into the coating.
Abstract
An icephobic coating is disposed on at least a cold side of a condenser in an environmental control system (ECS) of an aircraft. By applying the icephobic coatings to the condenser, the adhesive strength of the ice can be significantly reduced. As a result, it is difficult for ice to stick on the condenser. The vibration in the system and the force of the air flow can then knock the ice particles off of the condenser, resulting in reduced ice buildup.
Description
- The present invention relates to apparatus and methods for preventing ice build-up and, more particularly, apparatus and methods for preventing ice build-up on the cold side of environmental control system (ECS) condensers.
- The air temperature at the turbine exit in an ECS system can be sub-freezing. This causes moisture in the air to come out of the turbine as ice. This ice then sticks and starts building up on the cold side of the ECS condenser, which adversely affects the performance of both the condenser and the ECS.
- Conventional processes to prevent ice from building up require features in the system such as a bypass gap, hot bars and the turbine bypass valve. These features decrease the overall performance as well as the reliability of the system.
- As can be seen, there is a need for a method and apparatus that prevents ice from building up on a device because of sub-freezing air exiting a turbine in an ECS system.
- In one aspect of the present invention, an icephobic composition for a structure in a sub-freezing air flow comprises of a silicon resin binder containing fumed silica and a chemical crosslinker.
- In another aspect of the present invention, an environmental control system comprises a turbine supplying sub-freezing air to a condenser; a condenser adapted to receive the sub-freezing air; and an icephobic coating disposed on at least a cold side of the condenser.
- In a further aspect of the present invention, a method for preventing ice buildup on a condenser comprises coating at least a cold side of the condenser with an icephobic coating.
- These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with reference to the following drawings, description and claims.
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an environmental control system for an aircraft; and -
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of offset fins that go into a condenser adapted to be coated with the icephobic coating of the present invention. - The following detailed description is of the best currently contemplated modes of carrying out exemplary embodiments of the invention. The description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, but is made merely for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, since the scope of the invention is best defined by the appended claims.
- Various inventive features are described below that can each be used independently of one another or in combination with other features.
- Broadly, embodiments of the present invention provide an icephobic coating that may be disposed on at least a cold side of a condenser in an environmental control system (ECS) of an aircraft. By applying the icephobic coatings to the condenser, the adhesive strength of the ice can be significantly reduced. As a result, it is difficult for ice to stick on the condenser. The vibration in the system and the force of the air flow can then knock the ice particles off of the condenser, resulting in reduced ice buildup.
- Referring now to
FIG. 1 , air may be received by anECS 20 from both the aircraft exterior as fresh air, and from the aircraft fuselage or other interior space as recirculation air. Fresh air can be supplied fromcabin compressors motors primary heat exchanger 32 that may be disposed in a ram airheat exchanger circuit 56. The ram airheat exchanger circuit 56 may have ambient ram air passing therethrough, which cools compressed air in theprimary heat exchanger 32, asecondary heat exchanger 34, and an airrecirculation heat exchanger 36 located in thecircuit 56. The ambient ram air may be drawn into theheat exchanger circuit 56 through a ram scoop during aircraft flight. When the aircraft is stationary, the ramair heat circuit 56 may be driven by anelectric fan 54 disposed downstream of theheat exchangers fan 54 is directed overboard rather than into theheat exchangers circuit 56 is cooler than the air passing through theheat exchangers - After the compressed air passes through the
primary heat exchanger 32, the air is supplied to a bootstrap air cycle machine, referring specifically to acompressor 40 and aturbine 42 that either share the same rotating axis or are otherwise powered and rotated together. Thecompressor 40 can further pressurize and heats the air. The compressed air can then be supplied to thesecondary heat exchanger 34, causing the compressed air to cool. During normal operation, analtitude valve 60 may be closed, causing the air to pass through are-heater 44 and acondenser 46, and then through awater separator 48, which substantially dries the air. From thewater separator 48, the air may again be heated in there-heater 44, and then the hot and dry air may be supplied to theturbine 42. Theturbine 42 may provide cooled air as a product of air expansion, and may forward the cooled air to thecondenser 46, which supplies the air to the cabins in theaircraft fuselage 30. - The cooled air provided by the
turbine 42 is typically sub-freezing. This can cause moisture in the air to come out of the turbine as ice. This ice may then stick and start to build up on the cold side of thecondenser 46. When thecondenser 46 is coated with an icephobic coating 50 (not shown inFIG. 1 ), theicephobic coating 50 may facilitate removal of ice by reducing adhesion to the underlying surface, allowing system vibrations or airflow to discard ice from the condenser. - Typical offset fins used in a
condenser 46 is shown inFIG. 2 . It should be noted that theicephobic coating 50 of the present invention may be applied to various condenser designs, including theoffset fin surface 46, as shown, but also to plain fin and wavy fin condensers. - To create the coated condenser of the present invention, the
icephobic coating 50 may be applied to thecondenser surface 46 through any number of processes. For example, theicephobic coating 50 may be sprayed onto the condenser fins 46 or thecondenser 46 may be dipped into theicephobic coating 50, for example. - In some embodiments of the present invention, the
icephobic coating 50 may be applied to only a cold side of thecondenser 46. For example, theicephobic coating 50 may be applied to about 50 percent of the length of thecondenser 46. In some embodiments, theicephobic coating 50 may be applied to the entire surface of thecondenser 46. - The
icephobic coating 50 may be selected from a number of icephobic coatings. For example, theicephobic coating 50 may be applied as a silicone resin binder containing fumed silica particles and a chemical cross linker. The coating can be either sprayed onto the condenser fins or the entire condenser can be dipped into the coating. - It should be understood, of course, that the foregoing relates to exemplary embodiments of the invention and that modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. An environmental control system comprising:
a turbine supplying sub-freezing air to a condenser;
a condenser adapted to receive the sub-freezing air; and
an icephobic coating disposed on at least a cold side of the condenser.
2. The environmental control system of claim 1 , wherein the icephobic coating is disposed on the entire condenser.
3. The environmental control system of claim 1 , wherein the icephobic coating includes a silicone resin binder containing fumed silica particles and a chemical cross linker.
4. A method for preventing ice buildup on a condenser, the method comprising:
coating at least a cold side of the condenser with an icephobic coating.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the icephobic coating is disposed on the entire condenser.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the icephobic coating is disposed on a cold side of the condenser.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the icephobic coating includes a silicone resin binder containing fumed silica particles and a chemical cross linker.
8. A method for preventing ice buildup on a condenser, the method comprising:
coating at least a cold side of the condenser with an icephobic coating, wherein the icephobic coating includes a silicone resin binder containing fumed silica particles and a chemical cross linker.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/475,221 US20130305748A1 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2012-05-18 | Icephobic coating on the condenser cold side |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/475,221 US20130305748A1 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2012-05-18 | Icephobic coating on the condenser cold side |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20130305748A1 true US20130305748A1 (en) | 2013-11-21 |
Family
ID=49580157
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US13/475,221 Abandoned US20130305748A1 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2012-05-18 | Icephobic coating on the condenser cold side |
Country Status (1)
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US (1) | US20130305748A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015166191A1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-05 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Method for purifying, cooling and separating a gaseous mixture and associated apparatus |
CN111006290A (en) * | 2020-01-12 | 2020-04-14 | 李传聪 | Automatic control circuit of kitchen smoke exhaust fan |
EP3832241A1 (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2021-06-09 | Chart Inc. | Ambient air vaporizer with icephobic/waterphobic treatment |
US20230079592A1 (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2023-03-16 | Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation | Vehicle, environmental control system, and method for operating an environmental control system |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB430645A (en) * | 1934-01-02 | 1935-06-21 | Porzellanfabrik Kahla | Improvements in and relating to electric condensers |
US5280054A (en) * | 1991-08-22 | 1994-01-18 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Coating composition for use in hydrophilic treatment comprising an organic-inorganic composite reaction product |
US5704218A (en) * | 1996-04-08 | 1998-01-06 | United Technologies Corporation | Integrated environmental control system |
US6124646A (en) * | 1998-02-11 | 2000-09-26 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Aircraft air conditioning system including electric generator for providing AC power having limited frequency range |
US20060281861A1 (en) * | 2005-06-13 | 2006-12-14 | Putnam John W | Erosion resistant anti-icing coatings |
US20090022999A1 (en) * | 2007-07-19 | 2009-01-22 | Luzenac America, Inc. | Silicone coatings, methods of making silicone coated articles and coated articles therefrom |
US7906179B2 (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2011-03-15 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Paints comprising particles |
-
2012
- 2012-05-18 US US13/475,221 patent/US20130305748A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB430645A (en) * | 1934-01-02 | 1935-06-21 | Porzellanfabrik Kahla | Improvements in and relating to electric condensers |
US5280054A (en) * | 1991-08-22 | 1994-01-18 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Coating composition for use in hydrophilic treatment comprising an organic-inorganic composite reaction product |
US5704218A (en) * | 1996-04-08 | 1998-01-06 | United Technologies Corporation | Integrated environmental control system |
US6124646A (en) * | 1998-02-11 | 2000-09-26 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Aircraft air conditioning system including electric generator for providing AC power having limited frequency range |
US20060281861A1 (en) * | 2005-06-13 | 2006-12-14 | Putnam John W | Erosion resistant anti-icing coatings |
US7906179B2 (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2011-03-15 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Paints comprising particles |
US20090022999A1 (en) * | 2007-07-19 | 2009-01-22 | Luzenac America, Inc. | Silicone coatings, methods of making silicone coated articles and coated articles therefrom |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015166191A1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-05 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Method for purifying, cooling and separating a gaseous mixture and associated apparatus |
EP3832241A1 (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2021-06-09 | Chart Inc. | Ambient air vaporizer with icephobic/waterphobic treatment |
CN111006290A (en) * | 2020-01-12 | 2020-04-14 | 李传聪 | Automatic control circuit of kitchen smoke exhaust fan |
US20230079592A1 (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2023-03-16 | Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation | Vehicle, environmental control system, and method for operating an environmental control system |
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Legal Events
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL INC., NEW JERSEY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SHAH, SAPAN N;STRUMPF, HAL J;ELSAYED, ADEL;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20120511 TO 20120514;REEL/FRAME:028234/0020 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |