US20130193248A1 - Product, Dispenser and Method of Dispensing Product - Google Patents
Product, Dispenser and Method of Dispensing Product Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20130193248A1 US20130193248A1 US13/743,419 US201313743419A US2013193248A1 US 20130193248 A1 US20130193248 A1 US 20130193248A1 US 201313743419 A US201313743419 A US 201313743419A US 2013193248 A1 US2013193248 A1 US 2013193248A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- roll
- sheet product
- sheet
- core
- product
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H18/00—Winding webs
- B65H18/28—Wound package of webs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H20/00—Advancing webs
- B65H20/02—Advancing webs by friction roller
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
- A47K10/00—Body-drying implements; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
- A47K10/24—Towel dispensers, e.g. for piled-up or folded textile towels; Toilet-paper dispensers; Dispensers for piled-up or folded textile towels provided or not with devices for taking-up soiled towels as far as not mechanically driven
- A47K10/32—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper
- A47K10/34—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means
- A47K10/36—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means with mechanical dispensing, roll switching or cutting devices
- A47K10/3662—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means with mechanical dispensing, roll switching or cutting devices with devices preventing the use of non-authorised paper rolls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H16/00—Unwinding, paying-out webs
- B65H16/005—Dispensers, i.e. machines for unwinding only parts of web roll
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H18/00—Winding webs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
- A47K10/00—Body-drying implements; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
- A47K10/24—Towel dispensers, e.g. for piled-up or folded textile towels; Toilet-paper dispensers; Dispensers for piled-up or folded textile towels provided or not with devices for taking-up soiled towels as far as not mechanically driven
- A47K10/32—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper
- A47K10/34—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means
- A47K10/38—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means the web being rolled up with or without tearing edge
- A47K2010/3881—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means the web being rolled up with or without tearing edge with tearing edges having movable parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2404/00—Parts for transporting or guiding the handled material
- B65H2404/10—Rollers
- B65H2404/14—Roller pairs
- B65H2404/143—Roller pairs driving roller and idler roller arrangement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2511/00—Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
- B65H2511/10—Size; Dimensions
- B65H2511/11—Length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2511/00—Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
- B65H2511/40—Identification
- B65H2511/416—Identification of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2511/00—Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
- B65H2511/50—Occurence
- B65H2511/51—Presence
- B65H2511/512—Marks, e.g. invisible to the human eye; Patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2553/00—Sensing or detecting means
- B65H2553/51—Encoders, e.g. linear
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2553/00—Sensing or detecting means
- B65H2553/52—RFID sensor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
- B65H2701/10—Handled articles or webs
- B65H2701/19—Specific article or web
- B65H2701/1924—Napkins or tissues, e.g. dressings, toweling, serviettes, kitchen paper and compresses
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates generally to dispensers, and more specifically to dispensers that discourage the use of unauthorized sheet product.
- Dispenser apparatus for dispensing flexible sheet product, such as paper towel and the like, are well known in the art.
- Such dispensers typically discharge sheet product provided in the form of a sheet product roll.
- the sheet product roll comprises a sheet product web wound about a core.
- the core is typically in the form of a cylindrically-shaped hollow core made of paper, plastic or a like material.
- the core typically has an inner surface and open ends provided to mount the sheet product roll within the dispenser.
- the sheet product roll may be mounted within the dispenser, for example, by means of a yoke with roll holders or mandrels adapted for insertion into the open ends of the core.
- Dispensers presently commercially available generally lack any capability to identify whether a product is authorized for use with such dispensers.
- the use of unauthorized sheet product in a proprietary dispenser can contribute to unreliable operation of the dispenser.
- the practice of supplying unauthorized paper to a proprietary dispenser is sometimes referred to in the art as “stuffing”.
- One proposed method of addressing this problem of unauthorized sheet product use in a dispenser has been to provide a dispenser permitting recognition of sheet product for use with a given dispenser and “locking-out” (e.g., disabling) the dispenser when unauthorized sheet product is employed.
- Lock-out One problem of “lock-out” schemes is that they disable the dispenser, thereby giving the appearance of unreliability of the dispenser to the end user.
- Disclosed herein are products, dispensers and methods of dispensing products.
- An embodiment of the invention includes a method for fabricating a roll of sheet product including facilitating wrapping a sheet product material about a core to form the roll of sheet product, and applying a reference indication to a distal end of the core following the formation of the roll of sheet product.
- Another embodiment of the invention includes a system for fabricating a roll of sheet product including an application apparatus operative to apply a reference indicator to a roll of sheet product, and a controller communicatively connected to the application apparatus, the controller operative to control the application apparatus.
- Yet another embodiment of the invention includes a roll of sheet product including a tubular core having a first distal end, an inner surface, and an outer surface, sheet product wrapped about the tubular core, and a reference indicator arranged on the inner surface of the tubular core, proximate to the first distal end.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a sheet product dispenser in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a rear side perspective view of a chassis assembly and parts shown in FIG. 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an electrical control system that may be implemented in the dispenser of FIG. 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a roll of sheet product in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross section view of a detector in conjunction with the roll of sheet product of FIG. 4 in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 6 is partial side sectional view of a roll holder with an authentication sensor in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 7 is a plot of a pigment intensity signature in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 8 is a partial side sectional view of a roll holder with an authentication sensor in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 9 is a side plan view of a lens used in the authentication sensor of FIG. 8 ;
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustration of the lens of FIG. 9 ;
- FIG. 11 is a flow diagram of a method of checking the authentication of a product in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 12 is another flow diagram of a method of checking the authentication of a product in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 13 is a flow diagram of a portion of a method of controlling product dispensing from the dispenser of FIGS. 1-3 in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 14 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a roll
- FIG. 15 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a system
- FIG. 16 illustrates a block diagram of the logic that may be performed by the system of FIG. 15 ;
- FIG. 17 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a spray nozzle portion of the system of FIG. 15 .
- dispensers that discourage the use of unauthorized products (articles).
- articles For ease in discussion, reference is made to the product being a sheet product, with the understanding that a person of skill in the art can readily adapt these teachings to other articles, such as flowable products (e.g., liquids, foams, gases, or gels), cutlery, cups, and the like without undue experimentation.
- flowable products e.g., liquids, foams, gases, or gels
- sheet products as used herein is inclusive of natural and/or synthetic cloth or paper sheets.
- Sheet products may include both woven and non-woven articles. There are a wide variety of nonwoven processes and they can be either wetlaid or drylaid. Some examples include hydroentagled (sometimes called spunlace), DRC (double re-creped), airlaid, spunbond, carded, paper towel, and meltblown sheet products.
- sheet products may contain fibrous cellulosic materials that may be derived from natural sources, such as wood pulp fibers, as well as other fibrous material characterized by having hydroxyl groups attached to the polymer backbone. These include glass fibers and synthetic fibers modified with hydroxyl groups. Examples of sheet products include, but are not limited to, wipers, napkins, tissues, towels or other fibrous, film, polymer, or filamentary products.
- sheet products are thin in comparison to their length and breadth and exhibit a relatively flat planar configuration and are flexible to permit folding, rolling, stacking, and the like.
- the sheet product may have perforations extending in lines across its width to separate individual sheets and facilitate separation or tearing of individual sheets from a roll or folded arrangement at discrete intervals.
- Individual sheets may be sized as desired to accommodate the many uses of the sheet products. For example, perforation lines may be formed every 13 inches, or other defined interval, to define a universally sized sheet. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 , an embodiment of a sheet dispenser 10 adapted to dispense sheet products 28 is depicted.
- the sheet dispenser 10 includes a chassis assembly 12 that includes a right side chassis member 14 , a left side chassis member 16 , and a middle chassis member 18 extending between the side chassis members 14 , 16 .
- Sheet dispenser 10 further includes a back panel member 20 and a pivotal front cover 22 attached, by a pin 24 , hinge or other convenient attachment mechanism, to back panel member 20 .
- Cover 22 may be opened and pivoted away from chassis assembly 12 to a sheet product loading position (as shown) allowing a roll 26 of sheet product 28 to be loaded into sheet dispenser 10 .
- Roll 26 is rotatably supported between a pair of supports, such as inwardly directed hubs 32 , 34 that can be loosely received within the core of the roll 26 to permit free rotation of the roll 26 .
- numerous other roll mounting arrangements could also be used.
- Middle chassis member 18 provides a foundation for a feed mechanism 36 , driven by an electric feed motor 38 , serving to dispense sheet product 28 from roll 26 in incremental sheet segments.
- the feed mechanism 36 includes a mating feed roller 40 and pressure roller 42 which cooperate to dispense the sheet product 28 .
- Feed roller 40 and pressure roller 42 are mounted upon axles rotatably supported at their ends by side chassis members 14 , 16 .
- Pressure roller 42 may be biased against feed roller 40 by a spring (not shown) to define a feed nip 44 .
- rotation of feed roller 40 causes sheet product 28 to be advanced through feed nip 44 , around feed roller 40 .
- FIG. 3 depicts various electrical components of sheet dispenser 10 , and their interrelationship with each other.
- a microprocessor 46 controls sheet dispenser 10 to feed a sheet segment in response to receipt of a signal from a sheet request switch or sensor 48 .
- the microprocessor 46 is a suitable electronic device capable of accepting data and instructions, executing the instructions to process the data, and presenting the results.
- Microprocessor 46 may accept instructions through user interface, or through other means such as but not limited to electronic data card, voice activation means, manually-operable selection and control means, radiated wavelength and electronic or electrical transfer.
- microprocessor can be a microprocessor, microcomputer, a minicomputer, an optical computer, a board computer, a complex instruction set computer, an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit), a reduced instruction set computer, an analog computer, a digital computer or a hybrid of any of the foregoing.
- ASIC application specific integrated circuit
- the various electrical components of sheet dispenser 10 may be powered by an external AC (alternating current) power source 350 , such as a 120VAC 50-60 Hertz wall outlet, for example, with an AC/DC converter 360 for power conditioning, or alternatively may be powered by a DC power source, such as a plurality of D-Cell batteries 370 , for example. While FIG. 3 depicts the AC power source 350 and the alternate DC power source/batteries 370 in electrical communication with microprocessor 46 only, it will be appreciated that this is for single-line illustration purposes only, where in reality the respective power source 350 , 370 is in electrical communication with any or all of the electrical components of sheet dispenser 10 as required for the purposes disclosed herein.
- an external AC (alternating current) power source 350 such as a 120VAC 50-60 Hertz wall outlet
- AC/DC converter 360 for power conditioning
- a DC power source such as a plurality of D-Cell batteries 370
- FIG. 3 depicts the AC power source 350 and the alternate DC power source/batteries 370 in electrical communication with microprocessor
- microprocessor 46 is configured so as to be capable of converting an analog voltage or current level provided by detector 53 into a digital signal indicative of the amount of sheet product dispensed.
- detector 53 may be configured to provide a digital signal to microprocessor 46 , or an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter (not shown) maybe coupled between detector 53 and microprocessor 46 to convert the analog signal provided by detector 53 into a digital signal for processing by microprocessor 46 .
- A/D analog-to-digital
- Microprocessor 46 uses the digital signals to act as input to various processes for controlling the sheet dispenser 10 .
- Microprocessor 46 includes a processor coupled to one or more memory circuits 55 .
- Memory circuits 55 may include, but is not limited to: a random access memory (RAM), non-volatile memory (NVM), and read-only memory (ROM).
- Memory circuits 55 may also include forms of memory such as an EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) chip, flash memory, optical drives, magnetic disk drives, or the like.
- RAM random access memory
- NVM non-volatile memory
- ROM read-only memory
- Memory circuits 55 may also include forms of memory such as an EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) chip, flash memory, optical drives, magnetic disk drives, or the like.
- EPROM Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
- Stored in memory circuits 55 are various operational parameters for the application code. In some embodiments, the various operational parameters may be input to memory circuits 55 either locally, using a keypad or remote computer, or remotely via the Internet using a remote computer.
- Microprocessor 46 includes operation control methods embodied in application code depicted in flowchart form in FIGS. 11-13 . These methods are embodied in computer instructions written to be executed by microprocessor 46 , typically in the form of software.
- the software can be encoded in any language, including, but not limited to, assembly language, VHDL (Verilog Hardware Description Language), VHSIC HDL (Very High Speed IC Hardware Description Language), Fortran (formula translation), C, C++, Visual C++, Java, ALGOL (algorithmic language), BASIC (beginners all-purpose symbolic instruction code), visual BASIC, ActiveX, HTML (HyperText Markup Language), and any combination or derivative of at least one of the foregoing. Additionally, an operator can use an existing software application such as a spreadsheet or database and correlate various cells with the variables enumerated in the algorithms. Furthermore, the software can be independent of other software or dependent upon other software, such as in the form of integrated software.
- a detector 53 in signal communication with the microprocessor 46 controls the amount, or length of sheet product 28 fed per dispense cycle by controlling feed motor 38 .
- Detector 53 may be a shaft encoder, either electromechanical or optical, mounted to generate a pulse for each small increment of rotation of feed roller 40 , the pressure roller 42 , or the feed motor 38 for example.
- an optical shaft encoder can be mounted on an axle of feed roller 40 to output a pulse train corresponding to rotation of the feed roller 40 .
- the signal generated by the detector 53 provides an indication of the amount of sheet product 28 dispensed.
- the microprocessor 46 is further coupled to a detector 50 .
- the detector 50 is arranged adjacent to the roll 26 to determine the presence of a reference indication 52 (see for example FIG. 4 .).
- microprocessor 46 may also optionally receive input from a manual reset button 156 effectively serving to return the state of the microprocessor 46 to the initial state assumed upon closure of cover 22 .
- the microprocessor 46 may be responsive to loading of such material absent reference indications 52 ( FIG. 4 ) to indicate use of unidentified material by flashing a light emitting diode (LED).
- roll 26 includes a continuous web of flat segments of sheet product 28 that may be wound upon a hollow cylindrical core.
- Sheet dispenser 10 could, of course, dispense other flexible sheet products 28 .
- the sheet product 28 could, for example, be in the form of folded sheet segments wound onto a roll and separable from each other along lines of perforation to form folded napkins.
- the roll 26 includes reference indications 52 ( FIG. 4 ) associated with the sheet product 28 to identify the sheet product 28 as being an “authorized” product for use in the sheet dispenser 10 .
- the reference indications 52 can be disposed on a core of the roll 26 or disposed on the sheet product 28 .
- authorized is being used to denote that the product or article is sanctioned, or otherwise intended by the dispenser manufacturer, for use in the sheet dispenser 10 .
- the authorized product may refer to branded product that is used in a proprietary sheet dispenser 10 ; it may refer to permission given to distributors for given sheet dispensers 10 in a geographical region or channel; and the like.
- the reference indications 52 may be visible or invisible to the human eye, but are detectable via a sensor.
- the sensor employed will vary depending on the choice of reference indications 52 .
- suitable reference indications include, but are not limited, to bar codes; RFID “radio frequency identification” tags; inks or dyes; conductive particles, fibers, or metals; tick marks; ridges.
- the reference indications 52 are sensitive to optical stimulation in the UV spectrum.
- the optical emitter 100 FIG. 6
- the reference indication 52 is made from an ink having 8 ⁇ m pigments, such as those marketed under the UvedaTM tradename, manufactured by United Mineral & Chemical Corp.
- the ink may be applied to the roll 26 core using a flexographic printing process for example.
- the reference indication 52 phosphoresces at a known wavelength with a known and predictable and defined intensity signature as illustrated in FIG. 7 .
- the reference indications 52 may include one or more marks that fluoresce when in the presence of light provided from a light source.
- the light source, detector, and reference indications can all correspond with each other such that these components operate with light of a predetermined wavelength.
- the fluorescence inks of the exemplary embodiment which continue to emit photons once the stimulation light source is removed, the fluorescence inks will stop emitting once the light is removed. While fluorescence marks may be suitable for many occasions, a sophisticated counterfeiter or stuffer may find these fluorescence marks provide a low hurdle to overcome. It has been discovered that the use of phosphorescent inks can provide advantages in preventing counterfeiting.
- the roll comprises an overt indication that is visible to the human eye that can act as a decoy to potential counterfeiters and a covert indication that is not visible by the human eye.
- a supplier of the product may vary the overt indication for different production runs to keep the potential counterfeiter guessing as to the purpose of the indication, while the covert indication is the indication actually used to determine whether or not a product is authorized or unauthorized.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 depict an embodiment in which the detector 50 may include use of a plurality of reference indications 52 disposed upon the roll 26 of sheet product proximate a center axis 54 of the roll 26 printed upon a core 56 of the roll 26 , for example.
- the reference indications 52 are spaced at a regular interval 58 , such as from center to center, or leading edge to leading edge, for example.
- the reference indications 52 are spaced at irregular intervals (e.g., bar codes).
- the detector 50 includes a sensor 60 . The type of sensor employed as sensor 60 varies depending on the reference indication 52 employed.
- Suitable sensors include, but are not limited to, an optical reflectivity sensor (e.g., a linear optical array) adapted to detect the presence of a reflective object or code associated with the roll 26 , a magnetic sensor adapted to detect the presence of magnetic ink or other magnetic object associated with the roll 26 , an RFID tag sensor adapted to detect an RFID tag associated with the roll 26 , a capacitive field disturbance/proximity detector, and an electrical contact sensor to detect the presence of a conductive element associated with the roll 26 .
- the sensor 60 is in signal communication with the microprocessor 46 via the detector 50 and is disposed upon a structure 62 proximate the core 56 , such as roll supports defined in conjunction with hubs 32 , 34 as described above and shown in reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 .
- FIG. 5 depicts one embodiment of a mounting arrangement of the sensor 60 .
- the sensor 60 can be utilized in conjunction with the reference indications 52 (best seen with reference to FIG. 4 ) to sense the presence or absence of the reference indications 52 .
- the sensor 60 is mounted to the structure 62 , which remains stationary relative to the roll 26 as it rotates about the center axis 54 .
- the reference indications 52 are alternatively disposed in front of the sensor 60 . Therefore, rotation of the roll 26 results in a pulse train that can be detected by the detector 50 and corresponds to rotation of the reference indications 52 past the sensor 60 .
- the sensor 60 is responsive to removal of the roll 26 to sense an increase in ambient light and recognize the removal of the roll 26 .
- the detector 50 includes an optical emitter 100 and an optical receiver 102 positioned within the hub 32 .
- the reference indication 52 is arranged on the inside diameter 57 of the core 56 .
- the optical emitter 100 and the optical receiver 102 may be discrete components as shown, or integrated into a single device.
- the optical emitter 100 and the optical receiver 102 are arranged such that the light emitted from the optical emitter 100 is directed at the reference indication 52 to excite pigments in the reference indication 52 when the roll 26 is positioned within the sheet dispenser 10 .
- the optical emitter 100 is positioned to direct the light on an angle “A”, such as 45 degrees for example, relative to the reference indication 52 .
- the angle “A” provides advantages in reflecting a substantial portion of the light from optical emitter 100 away from the receiver after striking the reference indication 52 . This allows a substantial portion of the light directed toward the optical receiver 102 to be from the phosphorescence of reference indication 52 , rather than the optical emitter 100 .
- the optical receiver 102 is positioned substantially perpendicular to the reference indication 52 in a position to receive photons of light emitted by the phosphoresce of the pigments in the ink of reference indication 52 .
- the detector 50 is positioned 0.5 inches (12.7 mm) within the core of roll 26 .
- the hub 32 may define the depth of the detector 50 into the core 56 . It should be appreciated that positioning the detector 50 within the core of roll 26 provides advantages in reliability by preventing or limiting ambient light from interfering with the operation of optical receiver 102 .
- reference indications 52 emit a light with a known intensity signature 104 at a known frequency range as illustrated in FIG. 7 .
- reference indications 52 phosphoresce in the red spectrum (620 nanometers to 750 nanometers). In other embodiments, the reference indications 52 include phosphoresces in the green spectrum (495 nanometers to 570 nanometers).
- the optical receiver 102 is positioned to receive the light emitted by the reference indications 52 .
- the optical receiver 102 generates a voltage that is proportional to the intensity of the light being emitted.
- the reaction time is less than 15 milliseconds and the optical receiver 102 generates a voltage of at least 10 millivolts in response to receiving light from the reference indications 52 .
- the intensity signature 104 generated by the optical receiver 102 will be remain substantially consistent, both over time for a particular pigment and between manufacturing production lot.
- a nonlinear decay portion 106 FIG. 7 ) that may be used to determine whether the sheet product 28 is authorized for use in sheet dispenser 10 .
- FIGS. 8-10 Another embodiment of detector 50 ( FIG. 3 ) is illustrated in FIGS. 8-10 .
- This embodiment includes an optical emitter 100 and an optical receiver 102 is mounted within the hub 32 .
- a frame 108 is mounted to the hub 32 and allows the mounting of optical emitter 100 on the desired angle “A” relative to the optical receiver 102 .
- the optical emitter 100 is arranged to direct an emitted light through an opening 110 in the hub 32 .
- the opening 110 is positioned to allow the emitted light to strike the reference indication 52 on the core 56 .
- the lens 112 is arranged to receive the phosphoresce UV light 114 from the reference indications 52 and focus the output UV light 116 to a reception location 118 on the optical receiver 102 .
- the optical receiver 102 is positioned an offset distance from the lens 112 to compensate for the refraction of light 120 by the lens 122 of the optical receiver 102 . It should be appreciated that in embodiments where the optical receiver 102 does not have a lens 122 , the distance between the lens 112 and the optical receiver 102 may be adjusted, or the shape of the lens 112 may be changed.
- FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 An exemplary embodiment lens 112 is illustrated in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 .
- the lens 112 is made from a material having a high UV transmission performance such as G UVT grade acrylic for example.
- the lens 112 includes an input surface 124 and an output surface 126 .
- the surfaces 124 , 126 refract the UV light allowing the light to be focused on reception location 118 .
- the surfaces 124 , 126 are aspheric in shape.
- the surfaces 124 , 126 are configured with different aspheric shapes.
- one of the surfaces 124 , 126 may be substantially flat.
- Disposed adjacent the input surface 124 is a cylindrical body portion 128 .
- the body portion 128 is sized to fit in an opening in the frame 108 .
- a shoulder 130 extends from the body portion 128 .
- the shoulder 130 contacts a surface 132 (shown in FIG. 8 ) on the frame 108 when the frame 108 and lens 112 are assembled to allow the lens 112 to be reliably located in the desired position.
- the output surface 126 is arranged in a recess 134 .
- the focusing of the phosphoresce UV light 114 provides advantages in increasing the amount of emitted light from the reference indication 52 that reaches the reception location 118 on the optical receiver 102 .
- By increasing the amount of the emitted light further advantages may be gained by reducing the concentration, the density or the amount of pigment in the reference indications 52 .
- less costly, lower grade components sometimes referred to as “production grade” components may be used instead of “laboratory grade” components.
- FIGS. 11-12 a method of dispensing products from a sheet dispenser 10 will now be described. The method may be followed out employing the electrical control system as shown in FIG. 3 and the method may include additional or fewer actions as shown in FIGS. 11-12 . Thus, it should be apparent to those ordinarily skilled in the art that the method can be modified depending on a desired application to yield additional methods within the scope of the present invention.
- a method 200 comprises a sheet product authentication check as shown in FIG. 11 .
- the method 200 starts in block 202 and proceeds to block 204 where a signal to dispense product is received, such as from sensor 48 for example.
- the method 200 then proceeds to block 206 where light is emitted from a UV light emitting diode, such as optical emitter 100 for example.
- the UV light is emitted before the feed mechanism 36 is activated.
- the feed mechanism 36 is activated and sheet product 28 starts to be dispensed and the method 200 operates in parallel.
- method 200 proceeds to query block 208 where it is determined if a phosphorescence has been detected, such as with optical receiver 102 for example. In one embodiment, the excitation light from the optical emitter 100 is extinguished prior to the step of detecting for phosphorescence. If query block 208 returns a negative, the method 200 proceeds to block 210 where an unauthorized sheet product procedure is executed.
- the actions (or lack thereof) taken by the method 200 in the event unauthorized sheet product 28 is detected may include, but is not limited to: stop dispensing; dispensing an excess amount of sheet product 28 ; dispensing short sheet product; emitting an alarm; or using a communications device (not shown) to transmit a signal to a central location for example.
- the method 200 proceeds to optional query block 211 where the method 200 determines if the wavelength received is in the proper portion of the light spectrum, such as the red spectrum for example. If the query block 211 returns a negative indicating that the spectrum is not the desired spectrum, the method 200 proceeds to block 210 where an unauthorized sheet product procedure is executed. If the light spectrum is the desired spectrum, then method 200 proceeds to block 212 where the intensity of the phosphoresce is measured. In the exemplary embodiment, the measurements (I 1 , I 2 ) are taken at defined points of time after the UV light is emitted, such as t 3 and t 4 in the nonlinear decay portion 106 of the intensity signature 104 for example.
- the measurement points are 10 milliseconds apart.
- a plurality of measurements are made, such as at t 1 , t 2 , t 3 and t 4 for example. This plurality of measurements is then used in an optional query block 214 to determine if the measurements match the expected profile for the pigment in the reference indications 52 . If query block 214 returns a negative, indicating that the intensity signature 104 does not match, the method 200 proceeds to block 210 where an unauthorized sheet product procedure is executed. As discussed above, in some embodiments, the emitted UV light is extinguished prior to t 0 .
- This nonlinear decay portion 106 acts as a signature that may be used to determine if the sheet product 28 is authorized product. Since the nonlinear decay portion 106 is nonlinear, a potential counterfeiter would need to replicate a nonlinear rate of decay and know what time periods the method 200 is measuring. Thus the use of the nonlinear decay portion 106 as a signature for detecting unauthorized product provides advantages in consistency and reliability and inhibiting attempts to replicate or defeat the authentication method. It should be appreciated that the use of a nonlinear portion of the intensity signature 104 provides advantages in making is more difficult for a potential counterfeiter to replicate the reference indication 52 .
- the method 200 changes the time periods for calculating the change in intensity ⁇ I to further inhibit attempts to replicate or defeat the authentication method.
- the method 200 proceeds to block 218 where the change in intensity ⁇ I is compared to an expected value. If the value does not match the change in intensity ⁇ I, the query block 218 returns a negative and the method 200 proceeds to block 210 where an unauthorized sheet product procedure is executed. If the change in intensity ⁇ I does equal the value, the method 200 proceeds to block 220 where sheet product 28 is properly dispensed. The method 200 then loops back to start block 202 . In some embodiments, the change in intensity ⁇ I may be compared against a range of values rather than an absolute value. It should be appreciated that the method 200 provides advantages in the reliable and seamless authentication of sheet product 28 with little or no impact on the operation or user experience.
- FIG. 12 Another method 300 comprising a sheet product authentication check is shown in FIG. 12 .
- counterfeiters attempt to thwart prior art authentication systems by inserting the core 56 into a core of an inauthentic product.
- the method 300 provides a system for checking to ensure that an old core 56 is not being used.
- the method 300 starts in block 302 and proceeds to block 304 where the radius of the roll is estimated.
- the sheet dispenser 10 dispenses a substantially consistent amount of sheet product 28 to the end user each time the sheet dispenser 10 is activated.
- the number of rotations, or the amount of time, the sheet dispenser 10 needs to operate will change depending on the amount of sheet product 28 on the roll 26 .
- the roll radius may be estimated in a number of ways, for example by accumulating the amount of sheet product 28 dispensed since the roll 26 was installed.
- the method 300 proceeds to block 306 where the method 300 calculates the number of reference indications 52 that should be detected when the sheet product 28 is dispensed. As discussed above, to dispense a consistent amount of sheet product 28 , the roll 26 will rotate less when the roll radius is large, than when the roll radius is small. The method 300 then proceeds to block 308 where a dispense signal is received, such as from sensor 48 for example. It should be appreciated that in some embodiments, the block 308 may occur before blocks 304 , 306 or in parallel with these steps.
- the method 300 then proceeds to block 310 where the number of reference indications 52 is counted (C ref ) as the sheet product 28 is dispensed.
- the method 300 also measures the operation of the feed mechanism 36 (C feed ) in block 312 , such as by counting the number of rotations of the pressure roller 42 or feed roller 40 for example.
- the measurement of the feed mechanism 36 provides an indication to the method 300 of the amount of sheet product 28 actually dispensed. It should appreciated that while block 310 and block 312 are illustrated as occurring in series, these steps may also be performed simultaneously.
- the method 300 then proceeds to block 314 where the number of counted reference indications 52 (C ref ) is compared to the measurement of the feed mechanism 36 (C feed ). When an authorized product has been installed, the number of reference indications 52 counted (C ref ) should be substantially consistent with the operation of the feed mechanism 36 (C feed ). If this is true, then the query block 314 returns a positive and the method 300 loops back to start block 302 .
- the query block 314 returns a negative, this is an indication that an old core 56 has been inserted into unauthorized product. It should be appreciated that when an old core 56 is inserted into an unauthorized product, there will be slippage between the old core 56 and the core 56 of the unauthorized product. Since this is not the intended operation of the sheet dispenser 10 and sheet product rolls 26 , the slippage will typically be inconsistent between different dispensing operations. Further, the amount of slippage within a given dispensing operation may be inconsistent. Thus, a comparison of the measurements of reference indications 52 (C ref ) to the feed mechanism 36 operation (C feed ), may provide an indication of the amount of slippage.
- the query block 314 compares the number of reference indications 52 measured (C ref ) to previous dispensing operation measurements. It has been found that when old cores 56 are inserted into unauthorized product, the number of reference indications 52 measured (C ref ) there may be large variations in the number of reference indications 52 measured (C ref ), while the feed mechanism 36 operation (C feed ) remains consistent.
- the method 300 proceeds to block 316 where an unauthorized roll procedure (URP) is executed.
- the unauthorized roll procedure may include, but is not limited to: stop dispensing; dispensing a long sheet product 28 ; dispensing short sheet product 28 ; emitting an alarm; or using a communications device (not shown) to transmit a signal to a central location for example.
- the method 200 shown in FIG. 11 and the method 300 shown in FIG. 12 are performed together to check sheet product 28 authentication in a sheet dispenser 10 .
- the sheet product 28 has been encoded with certain product identification information.
- the sheet dispenser 10 is configured to obtain product identification information by one or more sensing/detection methods.
- a light source and a photo detector may be used to obtain product identification information.
- the light source and the photo detector can be placed within the sheet dispenser 10 in such a location as to obtain product identification information placed at one or more predetermined locations on the product.
- the light source can direct light at a predetermined wavelength toward the product.
- the sheet product 28 can be configured to include a dye mark that will reflect back light provided by the light source.
- the photo detector can be configured to receive light reflected back by the dye mark.
- the method can also include continuous checking of sheet product 28 during dispensing operations. Such testing can be performed at predetermined intervals by microprocessor 46 . In addition, such testing may be performed in response to end user activity receiving sheet product 28 from the sheet dispenser 10 . This enables a process to continuously monitor sheet product 28 for dispensing and end user interaction with a sheet dispenser 10 .
- the sheet dispenser 10 will dispense sheet product 28 per an authorized product schedule.
- the authorized product schedule can be the amount of sheet product 28 the sheet dispenser 10 is normally set to dispense. If, however, it is determined that unauthorized sheet product 28 is being employed in the sheet dispenser 10 , the sheet dispenser 10 will dispense product per an unauthorized product schedule.
- the unauthorized product schedule can dispense sheet product 28 in a manner to discourage stuffing the sheet dispenser 10 with counterfeit sheet product 28 .
- the sheet dispenser 10 discourages stuffing by destroying the cost-in-use proposition for a competitor attempting to “stuff” a proprietary sheet dispenser 10 with unauthorized sheet products 28 .
- a facility operator employing unauthorized sheet product 28 actually ends up spending more money than he would have spent using the authorized sheet product 28 , because an excessive amount of sheet product 28 is dispensed when an unauthorized sheet product 28 is employed.
- the sheet dispenser 10 “over delivers” sheet product 28 , if an unauthorized sheet product 28 is employed in the sheet dispenser 10 .
- the term “over delivery” refers to a pre-determined amount of extra sheet product 28 dispensed compared to a normal dispense cycle if authorized product had been employed. For example, if the sheet dispenser 10 where programmed to dispense “X” amount of authorized sheet product 28 , the sheet dispenser 10 can dispense X plus a set amount extra, two times X, three times X, or a greater amount, if unauthorized sheet product 28 is employed. The amount can be selected such that the unauthorized sheet product 28 will cost the facility operator more money to dispense unauthorized sheet product 28 than authorized product.
- the over delivery amount may or may not be noticeable to the end user. However, it may be advantageous to dispense an amount of sheet product 28 that is noticeable to the end user to facilitate communication to the establishment that the sheet dispenser 10 is operating in an unusual manner to aid in detecting that unauthorized sheet product 28 is being employed.
- a sheet dispenser 10 it is common to dispense sheet product 28 in amounts less than or equal to about 12 to 14 inches.
- the sheet length for “over delivery” can be 2 feet to 25 feet in length, specifically a length of 3 feet to 6 feet.
- the sheet dispenser 10 can continue dispensing until an entire sheet product roll 26 is depleted.
- the pile of sheet product 28 on the floor can trigger a complaint to the facility operator.
- the facility operator can self diagnosis the problem by a warning label disposed on the sheet dispenser 10 indicating that the sheet dispenser 10 may dispense more sheet product 28 if unauthorized sheet product 28 is employed. If the facility operator is unable to diagnosis the problem, the supplier may contact the owner or manufacturer of the sheet dispenser 10 , wherein the owner or manufacturer of the sheet dispenser 10 will immediately understand the problem to be unauthorized use of sheet product 28 . In other words, inquiries about over delivery of sheet product 28 can be used as a tool for policing and enforcing leases of proprietary systems.
- the sheet dispenser 10 can “under deliver” product to discourage dispensing of unauthorized sheet product 28 .
- the term “under delivery” refers to a pre-determined lesser amount of sheet product 28 to dispense compared to a normal dispense cycle if authorized sheet product 28 had been employed. For example, if the sheet dispenser 10 where programmed to dispense “X” amount of authorized product, the sheet dispenser 10 can dispense half of X, a quarter of X, or a lesser amount if unauthorized sheet product 28 is employed. While under deliver may not destroy the cost-in-use proposition compared to over delivery, it does provide another means of detecting whether or not unauthorized product is being employed.
- the sheet dispenser 10 can dispense product at a “slower” speed compared to the speed at which sheet product 28 is dispensed during normal operation. For example, if the sheet dispenser 10 where programmed to dispense “X” amount of authorized sheet product 28 per second, the sheet dispenser 10 can dispense half of X per second, a quarter of X per second, or a lesser amount per second, if unauthorized sheet product 28 is employed. Again, while a slower delivery speed may not destroy the cost-in-use proposition compared to over delivery, it does provide another means of detecting whether or not authorized sheet product 28 is being employed.
- the sheet dispenser 10 may provide feedback to the end user, the facility operator, the owner of the sheet dispenser 10 , and the like that unauthorized sheet product 28 has been employed.
- the sheet dispenser 10 in response to the loading of sheet product 28 absent the reference indications 52 , the sheet dispenser 10 provides feedback to an external party, such as to a servicing attendant or sheet product 28 user for example, that such unauthorized sheet product 28 has been loaded.
- the term “feedback” shall be defined as an action taken by the sheet dispenser 10 to indicate to the external party that such unauthorized sheet product 28 has been loaded into the sheet dispenser 10 . It will be appreciated that “feedback” is distinguished from inactivity (e.g., “locking out” or deactivation) of the sheet dispenser 10 .
- the sheet dispenser 10 is programmed to dispense sheet product 28 , even if an unauthorized sheet product 28 is loaded into the sheet dispenser 10 ; the sheet dispenser 10 does not employ a “lock-out” scheme, if unidentified sheet products 28 are employed in the sheet dispenser 10 .
- the microprocessor 46 may be responsive to loading of such material absent the reference indications 52 to indicate use of unauthorized sheet product 28 by flashing indicator 154 ( FIG. 3 ) and/or set off an alarm.
- the sheet dispenser 10 may also communicate that unauthorized sheet product 28 has been employed by communication to a cellphone, personal data assistant (PDA), a pager, telephone, email, and the like.
- the sheet dispenser 10 may optionally comprise a wireless modem or other wireless networking components disposed within the housing such that those providing the sheet dispenser 10 to end users can wirelessly monitor status information about the sheet dispenser 10 .
- an embodiment of sheet dispenser 10 includes a control panel 400 that provides an HMI (human machine interface) between a user and the microprocessor 46 (alternatively herein referred to as a processor).
- control panel 400 includes a plurality of LEDs (light emitting diodes) 410 , a plurality of control switches 420 , and a control button 430 , all of which are disposed in signal communication with the microprocessor 46 .
- the plurality of LEDs 410 includes a first LED 412 , a second LED 414 , and a third LED 416 .
- the first LED 412 is used to indicate the presence of an unauthorized roll in dispenser 10 by signaling activation of an unauthorized roll procedure, and is also used to indicate proper operation of an authorized roll procedure, which will be discussed further below.
- the term “authorized roll procedure” means normal (without purposeful alteration of dispensing action, as discussed above) sheet product dispensing when an authorized roll is placed in the dispenser 10 .
- the second LED 414 is used to indicate the presence of an operational error, such as a jammed feed mechanism 36 , for example.
- the third LED 416 is used to indicate a low voltage condition of battery 370 . While three LEDs 410 are depicted, it will be appreciated that fewer or more LEDs may be employed without detracting from the scope of the invention disclosed herein.
- the plurality of control switches 420 includes a first switch 422 , a second switch 424 , and a third switch 426 .
- the first switch 422 has three settable positions
- the second switch 424 has three settable positions
- the third switch 426 has two settable positions.
- the first switch 422 is used to adjust the sensitivity of the sensor 48 for dispensing sheet product, with the three sensitivity settings providing adjustment for a user's hand being “close”, “near” and “far” from the sensor 48 , for example.
- the second switch 424 is used to adjust the length of sheet product 28 dispensed, with the three length settings providing relative sheet lengths such as “short”, “medium” and “long”, for example.
- the third switch 426 is used to change modes of operation, such as from “hang” mode to “demand” mode, for example.
- the sensitivity settings of the first switch 422 only apply to “demand” mode, while the sheet length settings of the second switch 424 apply to both “hang” mode and “demand” mode.
- microprocessor 46 When in “hang” mode, microprocessor 46 operates to facilitate dispensing of sheet product 28 following the removal of a previously dispensed sheet product 28 by a user, thereby resulting in a next-in-line sheet product “hanging” from the dispenser ready for removal by a next user.
- microprocessor 46 When in “demand” mode, microprocessor 46 operates to facilitate dispensing of sheet product 28 on receipt of a sheet request signal (product dispense request) from sensor 48 , thereby substantially concealing the next-in-line sheet product from view until a dispense command is received.
- control switches 420 are depicted, having two or three settable positions, it will be appreciated that fewer or more switches, with fewer or more settable positions, may be employed without detracting from the scope of the invention disclosed herein.
- a fourth switch (not shown) may be used with three settable positions to adjust a time delay between sheet product dispense cycles, with the three settings providing a long (three seconds for example), a medium (two seconds for example), and a short (one second for example) time delay.
- the three switches 422 , 424 , 426 may be selected from any combination of the foregoing four switches.
- Other switch functions are contemplated and considered within the scope of the invention.
- control button 430 is a push-and-release-type button having a two-state action; a first active state when depressed, and second inactive when released.
- control button 430 functions in cooperation with the cover switch 136 , with the microprocessor 46 controlling the function of the control button 430 depending on whether the cover switch 136 indicates that the cover 22 is open or closed.
- Other types of control devices may be used in place of control button 430 , such as a toggle-type switch for example, which are considered within the scope of the invention.
- the control button 430 When the cover 22 is closed, the control button 430 , which is accessible to a user via an aperture in the cover 22 (hidden from view in FIG. 1 ), functions as a manual feed button, and in an embodiment has two operational characteristics. First, when the control button 430 is momentarily depressed (activated-then-released) and the cover 22 is closed, the control button 430 facilitates dispensing via the feed mechanism 36 of only a single-dispense-portion of sheet product 28 from the dispenser 10 . And second, when the control button 430 is held depressed (held activated) and the cover 22 is closed, the control button 430 facilitates dispensing via the feed mechanism 36 of more than a single-dispense-portion of the sheet product 28 from the dispenser 10 . In an embodiment, the “more than a single-dispense-portion” means that the sheet product 28 is dispensed until a user releases the control button 430 to its inactive state.
- control button 430 functions as a test button to provide indication that the program coding executable by microprocessor 46 is functioning properly in the presence of an authorized roll 26 being placed in the dispenser 10 .
- detector 50 adjacent to the roll 26 determines the presence of reference indication 52 as discussed above.
- the first LED 412 flashes to provide indication that an authorized roll 26 of sheet product 28 is disposed in the dispenser 10 .
- first LED 412 being an indicator (means of indicating) that indicates the presence of an authorized roll 26
- other means of indicating such as by a buzzer, a beep, or any other sound for example, may be employed without detracting from the scope of the invention. Such other indicators are considered within the scope of the invention.
- control button 430 when the cover 22 is open.
- a first functionality may be provided as discussed above when the control button 430 is momentarily depressed (activated-then-released within two seconds for example).
- the control button 430 is used to test the proper operation of the authorized roll procedure coding.
- a second functionality may be provided by holding the control button 430 in an active state for an extended period of time, such as for five seconds for example.
- the program coding executable by microprocessor 46 interprets the extended depression of control button 430 to be a request to run one of a plurality of diagnostic tests, which may be used to test the operational health of the dispenser 10 .
- Such diagnostic tests may include but are not limited to: testing for the amount of energy/life remaining in the batteries 370 ; testing for operational signals being properly sent and received from the various sensors/detectors/switches/indicators 48 , 50 , 53 , 136 , 154 ; testing for error detection in memory 55 ; and, testing for proper functioning of feed mechanism 36 and feed motor 38 , to name a few.
- the settings of control switches 420 take on a dual function. The first function being that discussed above, sensitivity adjustment, length adjustment, and mode setting, for example, when control button 430 is momentarily depressed.
- the second function of control switches 420 when the control button 430 is held depressed/active for an extended period of time is to provide a test identification number that is dependent on and is in a one-to-one relationship with the settable positions of the plurality of control switches 420 .
- the resulting number of combinations of settable positions is eighteen (three times three times two).
- control button 430 could be disposed in such a manner as to be used independent of the state of the cover switch 136 (no intelligence programmed into the microprocessor 46 for comparing the state of the control button 430 with that of the cover switch 136 ).
- control button 430 may be concealed from a user while being accessible to maintenance personnel, thereby providing manual feed dispensing, for example, of sheet product 28 only by maintenance personnel.
- a second control button could be employed to provide the logic intelligence provided by the “time-of-activation” of control button 430 discussed above. That is, instead of the microprocessor 46 interpreting an extended depression of control button 430 to be a request to run one of a plurality of diagnostic tests, as discussed above, the second control button (not shown) is used to convey this same request.
- FIG. 13 depicts in flow diagram form a portion of a method 500 of controlling product dispensing from the sheet dispenser 10 , which is operative under battery power, via batteries 370 , and includes microprocessor 46 that is responsive to a product dispense request, via sensor 48 , to facilitate dispensing of sheet product 28 from the sheet dispenser 10 on command.
- method 500 is depicted having two program logic entry points. A first entry point 505 is when batteries are installed, and a second entry point 525 is when program logic transfers to the method 500 from another segment of the executable code.
- Such other segments resulting in logic transfer may include but are not limited to: a portion of the executable code that monitors the activity and/or state of a tear bar (not specifically shown but known generally in the art), and defines executable instruction dependent on the state thereof; a portion of the executable code that monitors the open or closed state of the cover 22 , and defines executable instruction dependent on the state thereof; and, a portion of the executable code that monitors the state and/or activity of a service manual feed operation, and defines executable instruction dependent on the state thereof, for example.
- control logic passes through two initialization stages 510 and 515 where a power up sequence is processed, and a stub roll transfer reset sequence is processed, and then passes to logic block 520 , which is a point of convergence for control logic entering at first entry point 505 or second entry point 525 .
- logic block 520 it is determined if there exists a low voltage condition at batteries 370 . If not, then logic passes to block 540 where sheet product 28 is automatically fed as requested. If a low voltage condition does exist at batteries 370 , then logic passes to block 530 where it is determined if an unauthorized roll procedure has been enabled (the unauthorized roll procedure being discussed above).
- first LED 412 will be OFF and the logic passes to block 540 .
- first LED 412 will be ON (constant ON, not flashing as discussed above in relation to an authorized roll), and the logic passes to block 535 , where the unauthorized roll procedure (URP) is disabled.
- URP unauthorized roll procedure
- the operational voltage of batteries 370 is 5.0 volts
- the threshold voltage condition that triggers disabling of an unauthorized roll procedure is 4.0 volts.
- other operational and/or threshold voltages may be employed without detracting from the scope of the invention disclosed herein.
- control logic passes to routine 550 , which determines at block 555 whether “hang” mode or “demand” mode is set, and then passes the control logic to either a “hang” mode operation (“yes” path from block 555 ), or a “demand” mode operation (“no” path from block 555 ).
- control logic passes to block 560 where a power saver routine is activated, which may be interrupted by a user request for sheet product at block 565 , sensing of a cover open condition at block 570 (via cover switch 136 ), or sensing actuation of the manual feed button (control button 430 ) at block 575 . If there is no interrupt, then control logic stays in the power saver mode. However, if there is an interrupt, then control logic passes to one of the subroutines at blocks 580 (subroutine to dispense sheet product/paper), 585 (subroutine to service an open cover condition), or 590 (subroutine to service a manual feed request). Control logic exiting to subroutines 580 , 585 , 590 can pass back into method 500 via second entry point 525 .
- a power saver routine is activated, which may be interrupted by a user request for sheet product at block 565 , sensing of a cover open condition at block 570 (via cover switch 136 ), or sensing actuation of the
- the reference indications 52 may be directly disposed on a core 56 of the roll 26 , or may be disposed on the sheet product 28 . Alternatively, however, the reference indications 52 may be disposed on a label, which is adhered to the core 56 of the roll 26 .
- a sheet product material may be cut from a parent roll (not shown) into a strip.
- the strip may be rolled about a spindle to form a tubular core.
- the sheet product 28 may be rolled around the tubular core to form a log, which may be cut transversely into individual rolls 26 (of FIG. 5 ).
- the sheet product 28 may be cut into a plurality of strips of a desired width and formed around the spindle or the core to form individual rolls 26 .
- FIGS. 14-17 provide for applying reference indications 52 to the rolls 26 .
- the reference indications 52 are sensed by the sheet dispenser 10 (of FIG. 1 ) at a distal end of the rolls 26 .
- FIG. 14 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a roll 26 .
- the roll 26 includes a core 56 having an inner surface 1401 and an outer surface 1405 .
- Sheet product 28 is wrapped about the outer surface 1405 of the core 56 and defines an end portion 1403 of the roll 26 .
- a reference indication 52 has been applied to the distal end 1407 of the inner surface 1401 of the core 56 .
- FIG. 15 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a system 1500 that is operative to apply reference indications 52 to rolls 26 .
- the system 1500 includes a controller 1502 communicatively connected to an application apparatus 1504 .
- the controller 1502 may include, for example, a processor and memory that is operative to perform logical functions.
- the application apparatus 1504 includes a spray nozzle portion 1506 that is operative to spray a fluid.
- the application apparatus 1504 may include a label application device that is operative to dispose an adhesive label on a surface.
- the system 1500 includes a positioning apparatus 1508 that may include, for example, a conveyer, rollers, a chute, slide, shuttle, lift, or any other type of material handling apparatus that is operative to move the rolls 26 to a desired position.
- the application apparatus 1504 may be arranged in a static position relative to the positioning apparatus 1508 , or the application apparatus 1504 may be moveable, such that the controller 1502 may control the position of the spray nozzle portion 1506 relative to the rolls 26 .
- the controller 1502 may be communicatively connected to both the positioning apparatus 1508 and the application apparatus 1504 to control the positioning apparatus 1508 and the application apparatus 1504 .
- the system 1500 may include one or more sensors 1510 communicatively connected to the controller 1502 , which may include, for example, optical sensors, position sensors, proximity sensors, acoustic sensors, or any combination of sensors that send signals to the controller 1502 that are indicative of the position of the distal end 1407 of the inner surface 1401 of the core 56 of the rolls 26 .
- sensors 1510 communicatively connected to the controller 1502 , which may include, for example, optical sensors, position sensors, proximity sensors, acoustic sensors, or any combination of sensors that send signals to the controller 1502 that are indicative of the position of the distal end 1407 of the inner surface 1401 of the core 56 of the rolls 26 .
- FIG. 16 illustrates a block diagram of the logic that may be performed by the controller 1502 (of FIG. 15 ).
- the controller 1502 may receive position signals from the sensor(s) 1510 .
- the controller 1502 determines whether the core of the roll 26 is in position relative to the application apparatus 1504 in block 1606 . If no, the controller 1502 adjusts the relative position of the roll 26 relative to the application apparatus 1504 in block 1608 .
- the controller 1502 may control the adjustment by, for example, moving the roll 26 with the positioning apparatus 1508 , moving a portion of the application apparatus 1504 , or moving both the roll 26 with the positioning apparatus 1508 and moving a portion of the application apparatus 1504 . If the roll 26 is in position, the controller 1502 may control the application apparatus 1504 to apply a reference indication 52 to the inner surface 1401 of a distal end of the core 56 at block 1610 .
- FIG. 17 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a spray nozzle portion 1506 arranged proximate to a roll 26 such that the spray nozzle portion 1506 may spray a fluid onto the inner surface 1401 of the core 56 .
- the spray nozzle portion 1506 of the illustrated embodiment is connected to a compressed air line 1702 and a fluid line 1704 .
- Compressed air and the fluid e.g., pigment, ink, or paint
- the generatrix of the core 56 is indicated by the line 1701 , while the spray nozzle portion 1506 is arranged such that the spray is directed at an angle ⁇ relative to the air line 1702 (where the angle is partially defined by a center axis of the spray nozzle, i.e., the geometric center of the a spray pattern output by the spray nozzle).
- the methods, systems, and embodiments described in FIGS. 15-17 may reduce the amount of materials such as, dyes, inks, paints, or other materials used to form the reference indications by applying reference indications arranged on a distal end or the distal ends of the individual cores.
- the reduction in the amount of materials used to form the reference indications may conserve materials and reduce the cost of fabricating the individual rolls by avoiding applying reference indications in the interior portions of the cores.
- An embodiment of the invention may be embodied in the form of processor-implemented processes and apparatuses for practicing those processes.
- Embodiments of the present invention may also be embodied in the form of a processor program product having program code containing instructions embodied in tangible media, such as floppy diskettes, CD-ROMs, hard drives, USB (universal serial bus) drives, processor memory, or any other processor readable storage medium, wherein, when the program code is loaded into and executed by a processor, the processor is responsive to the executable instructions and becomes an apparatus for practicing the invention.
- Embodiments of the invention also may be embodied in the form of instructions, or program code, for example, whether stored in a storage medium, loaded into and/or executed by a processor, or transmitted over some transmission medium, such as over electrical wiring or cabling, through fiber optics, or via electromagnetic radiation, wherein when the instructions or program code are loaded into and executed by a processor, the processor becomes an apparatus for practicing the invention.
- the instructions or program code segments configure the microprocessor 46 to create specific logic circuits.
- a technical effect of the executable instructions is to dispense and measure a length of sheet product 28 from a sheet dispenser 10 and to determine the presence of unauthorized sheet product 28 .
- some embodiments of the invention may include some of the following advantages: an ability to identify sheet product 28 loaded within a sheet dispenser 10 ; an ability to provide feedback to an external party that unidentified sheet product 28 has been loaded within a sheet dispenser 10 ; and, by disabling the unauthorized roll procedure under conditions where a low battery voltage condition exists, unintended operation of the dispenser 10 that may result under a low battery voltage condition can be avoided.
- a particularly useful advantage is the ability of the sheet dispenser 10 to dispense product per an unauthorized product schedule, when an unauthorized sheet product is employed in the sheet dispenser 10 . Customers are often tempted to use an inferior quality sheet product 28 in a proprietary dispensing system to save money.
Abstract
A method for fabricating a roll of sheet product includes facilitating wrapping a sheet product material about a core to form the roll of sheet product, and applying a reference indication to a distal end of the core following the formation of the roll of sheet product.
Description
- This non-provisional application is based upon U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/592,699, filed Jan. 31, 2012. The priority of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/592,699 is hereby claimed and the disclosure thereof is incorporated in its entirety into this application by reference thereto.
- The present disclosure relates generally to dispensers, and more specifically to dispensers that discourage the use of unauthorized sheet product.
- Dispenser apparatus for dispensing flexible sheet product, such as paper towel and the like, are well known in the art. Such dispensers typically discharge sheet product provided in the form of a sheet product roll. The sheet product roll comprises a sheet product web wound about a core. The core is typically in the form of a cylindrically-shaped hollow core made of paper, plastic or a like material. The core typically has an inner surface and open ends provided to mount the sheet product roll within the dispenser. The sheet product roll may be mounted within the dispenser, for example, by means of a yoke with roll holders or mandrels adapted for insertion into the open ends of the core.
- Dispensers presently commercially available generally lack any capability to identify whether a product is authorized for use with such dispensers. The use of unauthorized sheet product in a proprietary dispenser can contribute to unreliable operation of the dispenser. The practice of supplying unauthorized paper to a proprietary dispenser is sometimes referred to in the art as “stuffing”. One proposed method of addressing this problem of unauthorized sheet product use in a dispenser has been to provide a dispenser permitting recognition of sheet product for use with a given dispenser and “locking-out” (e.g., disabling) the dispenser when unauthorized sheet product is employed. One problem of “lock-out” schemes is that they disable the dispenser, thereby giving the appearance of unreliability of the dispenser to the end user.
- Accordingly, while existing sheet product dispensers are suitable for their intended purposes, a continual need for improvement exists for dispensers that discourage the use of unauthorized product.
- Disclosed herein are products, dispensers and methods of dispensing products.
- An embodiment of the invention includes a method for fabricating a roll of sheet product including facilitating wrapping a sheet product material about a core to form the roll of sheet product, and applying a reference indication to a distal end of the core following the formation of the roll of sheet product.
- Another embodiment of the invention includes a system for fabricating a roll of sheet product including an application apparatus operative to apply a reference indicator to a roll of sheet product, and a controller communicatively connected to the application apparatus, the controller operative to control the application apparatus.
- Yet another embodiment of the invention includes a roll of sheet product including a tubular core having a first distal end, an inner surface, and an outer surface, sheet product wrapped about the tubular core, and a reference indicator arranged on the inner surface of the tubular core, proximate to the first distal end.
- These and other advantages and features will be more readily understood from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention that is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.
- Referring to the exemplary drawings wherein like elements are numbered alike in the accompanying Figures:
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a sheet product dispenser in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 2 is a rear side perspective view of a chassis assembly and parts shown inFIG. 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an electrical control system that may be implemented in the dispenser ofFIG. 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a roll of sheet product in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 5 is a cross section view of a detector in conjunction with the roll of sheet product ofFIG. 4 in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 6 is partial side sectional view of a roll holder with an authentication sensor in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 7 is a plot of a pigment intensity signature in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 8 is a partial side sectional view of a roll holder with an authentication sensor in accordance with another embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 9 is a side plan view of a lens used in the authentication sensor ofFIG. 8 ; -
FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustration of the lens ofFIG. 9 ; -
FIG. 11 is a flow diagram of a method of checking the authentication of a product in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 12 is another flow diagram of a method of checking the authentication of a product in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 13 is a flow diagram of a portion of a method of controlling product dispensing from the dispenser ofFIGS. 1-3 in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 14 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a roll; -
FIG. 15 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a system; -
FIG. 16 illustrates a block diagram of the logic that may be performed by the system ofFIG. 15 ; and -
FIG. 17 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a spray nozzle portion of the system ofFIG. 15 . - Disclosed herein are dispensers that discourage the use of unauthorized products (articles). For ease in discussion, reference is made to the product being a sheet product, with the understanding that a person of skill in the art can readily adapt these teachings to other articles, such as flowable products (e.g., liquids, foams, gases, or gels), cutlery, cups, and the like without undue experimentation.
- The term “sheet products” as used herein is inclusive of natural and/or synthetic cloth or paper sheets. Sheet products may include both woven and non-woven articles. There are a wide variety of nonwoven processes and they can be either wetlaid or drylaid. Some examples include hydroentagled (sometimes called spunlace), DRC (double re-creped), airlaid, spunbond, carded, paper towel, and meltblown sheet products. Further, sheet products may contain fibrous cellulosic materials that may be derived from natural sources, such as wood pulp fibers, as well as other fibrous material characterized by having hydroxyl groups attached to the polymer backbone. These include glass fibers and synthetic fibers modified with hydroxyl groups. Examples of sheet products include, but are not limited to, wipers, napkins, tissues, towels or other fibrous, film, polymer, or filamentary products.
- In general sheet products are thin in comparison to their length and breadth and exhibit a relatively flat planar configuration and are flexible to permit folding, rolling, stacking, and the like. The sheet product may have perforations extending in lines across its width to separate individual sheets and facilitate separation or tearing of individual sheets from a roll or folded arrangement at discrete intervals. Individual sheets may be sized as desired to accommodate the many uses of the sheet products. For example, perforation lines may be formed every 13 inches, or other defined interval, to define a universally sized sheet. Referring to
FIGS. 1 and 2 , an embodiment of asheet dispenser 10 adapted todispense sheet products 28 is depicted. Thesheet dispenser 10 includes achassis assembly 12 that includes a rightside chassis member 14, a leftside chassis member 16, and amiddle chassis member 18 extending between theside chassis members Sheet dispenser 10 further includes aback panel member 20 and apivotal front cover 22 attached, by apin 24, hinge or other convenient attachment mechanism, toback panel member 20.Cover 22 may be opened and pivoted away fromchassis assembly 12 to a sheet product loading position (as shown) allowing aroll 26 ofsheet product 28 to be loaded intosheet dispenser 10.Roll 26 is rotatably supported between a pair of supports, such as inwardly directedhubs roll 26 to permit free rotation of theroll 26. Of course, numerous other roll mounting arrangements could also be used. -
Middle chassis member 18 provides a foundation for afeed mechanism 36, driven by anelectric feed motor 38, serving todispense sheet product 28 fromroll 26 in incremental sheet segments. In one embodiment as depicted, thefeed mechanism 36 includes amating feed roller 40 andpressure roller 42 which cooperate to dispense thesheet product 28. Feedroller 40 andpressure roller 42 are mounted upon axles rotatably supported at their ends byside chassis members Pressure roller 42 may be biased againstfeed roller 40 by a spring (not shown) to define a feed nip 44. Whensheet product 28 is fed into feed nip 44, rotation offeed roller 40 causessheet product 28 to be advanced through feed nip 44, around feedroller 40. -
FIG. 3 (with periodic reference toFIG. 1 ) depicts various electrical components ofsheet dispenser 10, and their interrelationship with each other. Amicroprocessor 46controls sheet dispenser 10 to feed a sheet segment in response to receipt of a signal from a sheet request switch orsensor 48. Themicroprocessor 46 is a suitable electronic device capable of accepting data and instructions, executing the instructions to process the data, and presenting the results.Microprocessor 46 may accept instructions through user interface, or through other means such as but not limited to electronic data card, voice activation means, manually-operable selection and control means, radiated wavelength and electronic or electrical transfer. Therefore, microprocessor can be a microprocessor, microcomputer, a minicomputer, an optical computer, a board computer, a complex instruction set computer, an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit), a reduced instruction set computer, an analog computer, a digital computer or a hybrid of any of the foregoing. - The various electrical components of
sheet dispenser 10 may be powered by an external AC (alternating current)power source 350, such as a 120VAC 50-60 Hertz wall outlet, for example, with an AC/DC converter 360 for power conditioning, or alternatively may be powered by a DC power source, such as a plurality of D-Cell batteries 370, for example. WhileFIG. 3 depicts theAC power source 350 and the alternate DC power source/batteries 370 in electrical communication withmicroprocessor 46 only, it will be appreciated that this is for single-line illustration purposes only, where in reality therespective power source sheet dispenser 10 as required for the purposes disclosed herein. - In an embodiment involving an analog signal for monitoring sheet product dispensing,
microprocessor 46 is configured so as to be capable of converting an analog voltage or current level provided bydetector 53 into a digital signal indicative of the amount of sheet product dispensed. Alternatively,detector 53 may be configured to provide a digital signal tomicroprocessor 46, or an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter (not shown) maybe coupled betweendetector 53 andmicroprocessor 46 to convert the analog signal provided bydetector 53 into a digital signal for processing bymicroprocessor 46.Microprocessor 46 uses the digital signals to act as input to various processes for controlling thesheet dispenser 10. -
Microprocessor 46 includes a processor coupled to one ormore memory circuits 55.Memory circuits 55 may include, but is not limited to: a random access memory (RAM), non-volatile memory (NVM), and read-only memory (ROM).Memory circuits 55 may also include forms of memory such as an EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) chip, flash memory, optical drives, magnetic disk drives, or the like. Stored inmemory circuits 55 are various operational parameters for the application code. In some embodiments, the various operational parameters may be input tomemory circuits 55 either locally, using a keypad or remote computer, or remotely via the Internet using a remote computer. -
Microprocessor 46 includes operation control methods embodied in application code depicted in flowchart form inFIGS. 11-13 . These methods are embodied in computer instructions written to be executed bymicroprocessor 46, typically in the form of software. The software can be encoded in any language, including, but not limited to, assembly language, VHDL (Verilog Hardware Description Language), VHSIC HDL (Very High Speed IC Hardware Description Language), Fortran (formula translation), C, C++, Visual C++, Java, ALGOL (algorithmic language), BASIC (beginners all-purpose symbolic instruction code), visual BASIC, ActiveX, HTML (HyperText Markup Language), and any combination or derivative of at least one of the foregoing. Additionally, an operator can use an existing software application such as a spreadsheet or database and correlate various cells with the variables enumerated in the algorithms. Furthermore, the software can be independent of other software or dependent upon other software, such as in the form of integrated software. - In the exemplary embodiment, a
detector 53 in signal communication with themicroprocessor 46 controls the amount, or length ofsheet product 28 fed per dispense cycle by controllingfeed motor 38.Detector 53 may be a shaft encoder, either electromechanical or optical, mounted to generate a pulse for each small increment of rotation offeed roller 40, thepressure roller 42, or thefeed motor 38 for example. In another embodiment, an optical shaft encoder can be mounted on an axle offeed roller 40 to output a pulse train corresponding to rotation of thefeed roller 40. The signal generated by thedetector 53 provides an indication of the amount ofsheet product 28 dispensed. As will be discussed in more detail below, themicroprocessor 46 is further coupled to adetector 50. Thedetector 50 is arranged adjacent to theroll 26 to determine the presence of a reference indication 52 (see for exampleFIG. 4 .). - With reference back to
FIG. 3 , in addition to receiving input signals from the sheet requests sensor/switch 48, detector (encoder) 53, and coverswitch 136,microprocessor 46 may also optionally receive input from amanual reset button 156 effectively serving to return the state of themicroprocessor 46 to the initial state assumed upon closure ofcover 22. In one embodiment, themicroprocessor 46 may be responsive to loading of such material absent reference indications 52 (FIG. 4 ) to indicate use of unidentified material by flashing a light emitting diode (LED). - In the illustrated embodiment (
FIG. 4 ),roll 26 includes a continuous web of flat segments ofsheet product 28 that may be wound upon a hollow cylindrical core.Sheet dispenser 10 could, of course, dispense otherflexible sheet products 28. Thesheet product 28 could, for example, be in the form of folded sheet segments wound onto a roll and separable from each other along lines of perforation to form folded napkins. In an exemplary embodiment, theroll 26 includes reference indications 52 (FIG. 4 ) associated with thesheet product 28 to identify thesheet product 28 as being an “authorized” product for use in thesheet dispenser 10. For example, thereference indications 52 can be disposed on a core of theroll 26 or disposed on thesheet product 28. The term “authorized” is being used to denote that the product or article is sanctioned, or otherwise intended by the dispenser manufacturer, for use in thesheet dispenser 10. For example, the authorized product may refer to branded product that is used in aproprietary sheet dispenser 10; it may refer to permission given to distributors for givensheet dispensers 10 in a geographical region or channel; and the like. - The
reference indications 52 may be visible or invisible to the human eye, but are detectable via a sensor. The sensor employed will vary depending on the choice ofreference indications 52. For example, suitable reference indications include, but are not limited, to bar codes; RFID “radio frequency identification” tags; inks or dyes; conductive particles, fibers, or metals; tick marks; ridges. - In the exemplary embodiment, the
reference indications 52 are sensitive to optical stimulation in the UV spectrum. In this embodiment, when the optical emitter 100 (FIG. 6 ) emits one or more UV photons which excite pigments in thereference indication 52. In one embodiment, thereference indication 52 is made from an ink having 8 μm pigments, such as those marketed under the Uveda™ tradename, manufactured by United Mineral & Chemical Corp. The ink may be applied to theroll 26 core using a flexographic printing process for example. As will be discussed in more detail below, once the pigments are excited, thereference indication 52 phosphoresces at a known wavelength with a known and predictable and defined intensity signature as illustrated inFIG. 7 . - In another embodiment, the
reference indications 52 may include one or more marks that fluoresce when in the presence of light provided from a light source. The light source, detector, and reference indications can all correspond with each other such that these components operate with light of a predetermined wavelength. Unlike the phosphorescent inks of the exemplary embodiment, which continue to emit photons once the stimulation light source is removed, the fluorescence inks will stop emitting once the light is removed. While fluorescence marks may be suitable for many occasions, a sophisticated counterfeiter or stuffer may find these fluorescence marks provide a low hurdle to overcome. It has been discovered that the use of phosphorescent inks can provide advantages in preventing counterfeiting. - In one embodiment, the roll comprises an overt indication that is visible to the human eye that can act as a decoy to potential counterfeiters and a covert indication that is not visible by the human eye. A supplier of the product may vary the overt indication for different production runs to keep the potential counterfeiter guessing as to the purpose of the indication, while the covert indication is the indication actually used to determine whether or not a product is authorized or unauthorized.
-
FIGS. 4 and 5 depict an embodiment in which thedetector 50 may include use of a plurality ofreference indications 52 disposed upon theroll 26 of sheet product proximate acenter axis 54 of theroll 26 printed upon acore 56 of theroll 26, for example. In one embodiment, thereference indications 52 are spaced at aregular interval 58, such as from center to center, or leading edge to leading edge, for example. However, other embodiments are envisioned where thereference indications 52 are spaced at irregular intervals (e.g., bar codes). Thedetector 50 includes a sensor 60. The type of sensor employed as sensor 60 varies depending on thereference indication 52 employed. Suitable sensors include, but are not limited to, an optical reflectivity sensor (e.g., a linear optical array) adapted to detect the presence of a reflective object or code associated with theroll 26, a magnetic sensor adapted to detect the presence of magnetic ink or other magnetic object associated with theroll 26, an RFID tag sensor adapted to detect an RFID tag associated with theroll 26, a capacitive field disturbance/proximity detector, and an electrical contact sensor to detect the presence of a conductive element associated with theroll 26. The sensor 60 is in signal communication with themicroprocessor 46 via thedetector 50 and is disposed upon astructure 62 proximate thecore 56, such as roll supports defined in conjunction withhubs FIGS. 1 and 2 . -
FIG. 5 depicts one embodiment of a mounting arrangement of the sensor 60. The sensor 60 can be utilized in conjunction with the reference indications 52 (best seen with reference toFIG. 4 ) to sense the presence or absence of thereference indications 52. The sensor 60 is mounted to thestructure 62, which remains stationary relative to theroll 26 as it rotates about thecenter axis 54. As theroll 26 rotates about itscenter axis 54, thereference indications 52 are alternatively disposed in front of the sensor 60. Therefore, rotation of theroll 26 results in a pulse train that can be detected by thedetector 50 and corresponds to rotation of thereference indications 52 past the sensor 60. Further, in one embodiment, the sensor 60 is responsive to removal of theroll 26 to sense an increase in ambient light and recognize the removal of theroll 26. - Another embodiment of the
detector 50 is shown inFIG. 6 . In this embodiment, thedetector 50 includes anoptical emitter 100 and anoptical receiver 102 positioned within thehub 32. In this embodiment, thereference indication 52 is arranged on theinside diameter 57 of thecore 56. Theoptical emitter 100 and theoptical receiver 102 may be discrete components as shown, or integrated into a single device. Theoptical emitter 100 and theoptical receiver 102 are arranged such that the light emitted from theoptical emitter 100 is directed at thereference indication 52 to excite pigments in thereference indication 52 when theroll 26 is positioned within thesheet dispenser 10. In one embodiment, theoptical emitter 100 is positioned to direct the light on an angle “A”, such as 45 degrees for example, relative to thereference indication 52. The angle “A” provides advantages in reflecting a substantial portion of the light fromoptical emitter 100 away from the receiver after striking thereference indication 52. This allows a substantial portion of the light directed toward theoptical receiver 102 to be from the phosphorescence ofreference indication 52, rather than theoptical emitter 100. Theoptical receiver 102 is positioned substantially perpendicular to thereference indication 52 in a position to receive photons of light emitted by the phosphoresce of the pigments in the ink ofreference indication 52. In the exemplary embodiment, thedetector 50 is positioned 0.5 inches (12.7 mm) within the core ofroll 26. Thehub 32 may define the depth of thedetector 50 into thecore 56. It should be appreciated that positioning thedetector 50 within the core ofroll 26 provides advantages in reliability by preventing or limiting ambient light from interfering with the operation ofoptical receiver 102. - Once the pigment in
reference indications 52 have been excited by the ultraviolet light from theoptical emitter 100, thereference indication 52 emits a light with a known intensity signature 104 at a known frequency range as illustrated inFIG. 7 . In the exemplary embodiment,reference indications 52 phosphoresce in the red spectrum (620 nanometers to 750 nanometers). In other embodiments, thereference indications 52 include phosphoresces in the green spectrum (495 nanometers to 570 nanometers). Theoptical receiver 102 is positioned to receive the light emitted by thereference indications 52. Theoptical receiver 102 generates a voltage that is proportional to the intensity of the light being emitted. In some embodiments, there is a delay or reaction time between when the light is emitted from theoptical emitter 100 and the pigment phosphoresces. In the exemplary embodiment, the reaction time is less than 15 milliseconds and theoptical receiver 102 generates a voltage of at least 10 millivolts in response to receiving light from thereference indications 52. - For a particular pigment, the intensity signature 104 generated by the
optical receiver 102 will be remain substantially consistent, both over time for a particular pigment and between manufacturing production lot. As will be discussed in more detail below, in the exemplary embodiment, there is a nonlinear decay portion 106 (FIG. 7 ) that may be used to determine whether thesheet product 28 is authorized for use insheet dispenser 10. - Another embodiment of detector 50 (
FIG. 3 ) is illustrated inFIGS. 8-10 . This embodiment includes anoptical emitter 100 and anoptical receiver 102 is mounted within thehub 32. Aframe 108 is mounted to thehub 32 and allows the mounting ofoptical emitter 100 on the desired angle “A” relative to theoptical receiver 102. As discussed above, by directing the light from theoptical emitter 100 on an angle, the light from theoptical emitter 100 will excite the pigments inreference indication 52 while reducing the amount of emitted light being reflected towards theoptical receiver 102. Theoptical emitter 100 is arranged to direct an emitted light through anopening 110 in thehub 32. Theopening 110 is positioned to allow the emitted light to strike thereference indication 52 on thecore 56. - Positioned between the
opening 110 and theoptical receiver 102 is alens 112. Thelens 112 is arranged to receive the phosphoresce UV light 114 from thereference indications 52 and focus theoutput UV light 116 to areception location 118 on theoptical receiver 102. In the exemplary embodiment, theoptical receiver 102 is positioned an offset distance from thelens 112 to compensate for the refraction oflight 120 by thelens 122 of theoptical receiver 102. It should be appreciated that in embodiments where theoptical receiver 102 does not have alens 122, the distance between thelens 112 and theoptical receiver 102 may be adjusted, or the shape of thelens 112 may be changed. - An
exemplary embodiment lens 112 is illustrated inFIG. 9 andFIG. 10 . In the exemplary embodiment, thelens 112 is made from a material having a high UV transmission performance such as G UVT grade acrylic for example. Thelens 112 includes aninput surface 124 and anoutput surface 126. As discussed above, thesurfaces reception location 118. In the exemplary embodiment, thesurfaces surfaces surfaces input surface 124 is acylindrical body portion 128. Thebody portion 128 is sized to fit in an opening in theframe 108. Ashoulder 130 extends from thebody portion 128. Theshoulder 130 contacts a surface 132 (shown inFIG. 8 ) on theframe 108 when theframe 108 andlens 112 are assembled to allow thelens 112 to be reliably located in the desired position. In the exemplary embodiment, theoutput surface 126 is arranged in arecess 134. - Referring now to
FIG. 8 , it should be appreciated that the focusing of thephosphoresce UV light 114 provides advantages in increasing the amount of emitted light from thereference indication 52 that reaches thereception location 118 on theoptical receiver 102. By increasing the amount of the emitted light, further advantages may be gained by reducing the concentration, the density or the amount of pigment in thereference indications 52. In addition, it has been found that less costly, lower grade components, sometimes referred to as “production grade” components may be used instead of “laboratory grade” components. - Referring now to
FIGS. 11-12 a method of dispensing products from asheet dispenser 10 will now be described. The method may be followed out employing the electrical control system as shown inFIG. 3 and the method may include additional or fewer actions as shown inFIGS. 11-12 . Thus, it should be apparent to those ordinarily skilled in the art that the method can be modified depending on a desired application to yield additional methods within the scope of the present invention. - A
method 200 comprises a sheet product authentication check as shown inFIG. 11 . Themethod 200 starts inblock 202 and proceeds to block 204 where a signal to dispense product is received, such as fromsensor 48 for example. Themethod 200 then proceeds to block 206 where light is emitted from a UV light emitting diode, such asoptical emitter 100 for example. In one embodiment, the UV light is emitted before thefeed mechanism 36 is activated. In other embodiments, thefeed mechanism 36 is activated andsheet product 28 starts to be dispensed and themethod 200 operates in parallel. - After emitting the UV light,
method 200 proceeds to query block 208 where it is determined if a phosphorescence has been detected, such as withoptical receiver 102 for example. In one embodiment, the excitation light from theoptical emitter 100 is extinguished prior to the step of detecting for phosphorescence. Ifquery block 208 returns a negative, themethod 200 proceeds to block 210 where an unauthorized sheet product procedure is executed. The actions (or lack thereof) taken by themethod 200 in the eventunauthorized sheet product 28 is detected may include, but is not limited to: stop dispensing; dispensing an excess amount ofsheet product 28; dispensing short sheet product; emitting an alarm; or using a communications device (not shown) to transmit a signal to a central location for example. - If the
query block 208 returns a positive, themethod 200 proceeds tooptional query block 211 where themethod 200 determines if the wavelength received is in the proper portion of the light spectrum, such as the red spectrum for example. If thequery block 211 returns a negative indicating that the spectrum is not the desired spectrum, themethod 200 proceeds to block 210 where an unauthorized sheet product procedure is executed. If the light spectrum is the desired spectrum, thenmethod 200 proceeds to block 212 where the intensity of the phosphoresce is measured. In the exemplary embodiment, the measurements (I1, I2) are taken at defined points of time after the UV light is emitted, such as t3 and t4 in the nonlinear decay portion 106 of the intensity signature 104 for example. In the exemplary embodiment, the measurement points are 10 milliseconds apart. In another embodiment, a plurality of measurements are made, such as at t1, t2, t3 and t4 for example. This plurality of measurements is then used in anoptional query block 214 to determine if the measurements match the expected profile for the pigment in thereference indications 52. Ifquery block 214 returns a negative, indicating that the intensity signature 104 does not match, themethod 200 proceeds to block 210 where an unauthorized sheet product procedure is executed. As discussed above, in some embodiments, the emitted UV light is extinguished prior to t0. - After measuring the intensity of the phosphorescence, the
method 200 proceeds to block 216 where the change in intensity (ΔI=I1−I2) from time t3 to time t4 is calculated. As discussed above, the pigments used in thereference indications 52 demonstrate a consistent and reliable rate of decay in intensity. This nonlinear decay portion 106 acts as a signature that may be used to determine if thesheet product 28 is authorized product. Since the nonlinear decay portion 106 is nonlinear, a potential counterfeiter would need to replicate a nonlinear rate of decay and know what time periods themethod 200 is measuring. Thus the use of the nonlinear decay portion 106 as a signature for detecting unauthorized product provides advantages in consistency and reliability and inhibiting attempts to replicate or defeat the authentication method. It should be appreciated that the use of a nonlinear portion of the intensity signature 104 provides advantages in making is more difficult for a potential counterfeiter to replicate thereference indication 52. - In one embodiment, the
method 200 changes the time periods for calculating the change in intensity ΔI to further inhibit attempts to replicate or defeat the authentication method. - After calculating the change in intensity ΔI, the
method 200 proceeds to block 218 where the change in intensity ΔI is compared to an expected value. If the value does not match the change in intensity ΔI, thequery block 218 returns a negative and themethod 200 proceeds to block 210 where an unauthorized sheet product procedure is executed. If the change in intensity ΔI does equal the value, themethod 200 proceeds to block 220 wheresheet product 28 is properly dispensed. Themethod 200 then loops back to startblock 202. In some embodiments, the change in intensity ΔI may be compared against a range of values rather than an absolute value. It should be appreciated that themethod 200 provides advantages in the reliable and seamless authentication ofsheet product 28 with little or no impact on the operation or user experience. - Another
method 300 comprising a sheet product authentication check is shown inFIG. 12 . In some applications, counterfeiters attempt to thwart prior art authentication systems by inserting the core 56 into a core of an inauthentic product. Themethod 300 provides a system for checking to ensure that anold core 56 is not being used. - The
method 300 starts inblock 302 and proceeds to block 304 where the radius of the roll is estimated. It should be appreciated that thesheet dispenser 10 dispenses a substantially consistent amount ofsheet product 28 to the end user each time thesheet dispenser 10 is activated. However, the number of rotations, or the amount of time, thesheet dispenser 10 needs to operate will change depending on the amount ofsheet product 28 on theroll 26. When theroll 26 is new, and the roll radius is large, thesheet dispenser 10 will rotate theroll 26 less times than when roll radius is smaller to achieve the same amount of dispensedsheet product 28. The roll radius may be estimated in a number of ways, for example by accumulating the amount ofsheet product 28 dispensed since theroll 26 was installed. - After the roll radius has been estimated, the
method 300 proceeds to block 306 where themethod 300 calculates the number ofreference indications 52 that should be detected when thesheet product 28 is dispensed. As discussed above, to dispense a consistent amount ofsheet product 28, theroll 26 will rotate less when the roll radius is large, than when the roll radius is small. Themethod 300 then proceeds to block 308 where a dispense signal is received, such as fromsensor 48 for example. It should be appreciated that in some embodiments, theblock 308 may occur beforeblocks - The
method 300 then proceeds to block 310 where the number ofreference indications 52 is counted (Cref) as thesheet product 28 is dispensed. Themethod 300 also measures the operation of the feed mechanism 36 (Cfeed) inblock 312, such as by counting the number of rotations of thepressure roller 42 orfeed roller 40 for example. The measurement of thefeed mechanism 36 provides an indication to themethod 300 of the amount ofsheet product 28 actually dispensed. It should appreciated that whileblock 310 and block 312 are illustrated as occurring in series, these steps may also be performed simultaneously. - The
method 300 then proceeds to block 314 where the number of counted reference indications 52 (Cref) is compared to the measurement of the feed mechanism 36 (Cfeed). When an authorized product has been installed, the number ofreference indications 52 counted (Cref) should be substantially consistent with the operation of the feed mechanism 36 (Cfeed). If this is true, then thequery block 314 returns a positive and themethod 300 loops back to startblock 302. - If the
query block 314 returns a negative, this is an indication that anold core 56 has been inserted into unauthorized product. It should be appreciated that when anold core 56 is inserted into an unauthorized product, there will be slippage between theold core 56 and thecore 56 of the unauthorized product. Since this is not the intended operation of thesheet dispenser 10 and sheet product rolls 26, the slippage will typically be inconsistent between different dispensing operations. Further, the amount of slippage within a given dispensing operation may be inconsistent. Thus, a comparison of the measurements of reference indications 52 (Cref) to thefeed mechanism 36 operation (Cfeed), may provide an indication of the amount of slippage. In some embodiments, thequery block 314 compares the number ofreference indications 52 measured (Cref) to previous dispensing operation measurements. It has been found that whenold cores 56 are inserted into unauthorized product, the number ofreference indications 52 measured (Cref) there may be large variations in the number ofreference indications 52 measured (Cref), while thefeed mechanism 36 operation (Cfeed) remains consistent. - If the
query block 314 returns a negative, themethod 300 proceeds to block 316 where an unauthorized roll procedure (URP) is executed. As discussed above in reference tomethod 200, the unauthorized roll procedure may include, but is not limited to: stop dispensing; dispensing along sheet product 28; dispensingshort sheet product 28; emitting an alarm; or using a communications device (not shown) to transmit a signal to a central location for example. - In some embodiments, the
method 200 shown inFIG. 11 and themethod 300 shown inFIG. 12 are performed together to checksheet product 28 authentication in asheet dispenser 10. - In one embodiment, the
sheet product 28 has been encoded with certain product identification information. Thesheet dispenser 10 is configured to obtain product identification information by one or more sensing/detection methods. For example, in some embodiments a light source and a photo detector may be used to obtain product identification information. The light source and the photo detector can be placed within thesheet dispenser 10 in such a location as to obtain product identification information placed at one or more predetermined locations on the product. In such a configuration, the light source can direct light at a predetermined wavelength toward the product. Thesheet product 28 can be configured to include a dye mark that will reflect back light provided by the light source. The photo detector can be configured to receive light reflected back by the dye mark. - The method can also include continuous checking of
sheet product 28 during dispensing operations. Such testing can be performed at predetermined intervals bymicroprocessor 46. In addition, such testing may be performed in response to end user activity receivingsheet product 28 from thesheet dispenser 10. This enables a process to continuously monitorsheet product 28 for dispensing and end user interaction with asheet dispenser 10. - If it is determined at product check that authorized product is being employed in the
sheet dispenser 10, thesheet dispenser 10 will dispensesheet product 28 per an authorized product schedule. For example, the authorized product schedule can be the amount ofsheet product 28 thesheet dispenser 10 is normally set to dispense. If, however, it is determined thatunauthorized sheet product 28 is being employed in thesheet dispenser 10, thesheet dispenser 10 will dispense product per an unauthorized product schedule. For example, the unauthorized product schedule can dispensesheet product 28 in a manner to discourage stuffing thesheet dispenser 10 withcounterfeit sheet product 28. - One driver for a customer to purchase counterfeit product is price, i.e., a counterfeit product (unauthorized product) is likely to cost less money than an original product (authorized product). In one embodiment, the
sheet dispenser 10 discourages stuffing by destroying the cost-in-use proposition for a competitor attempting to “stuff” aproprietary sheet dispenser 10 withunauthorized sheet products 28. In other words, a facility operator employingunauthorized sheet product 28 actually ends up spending more money than he would have spent using the authorizedsheet product 28, because an excessive amount ofsheet product 28 is dispensed when anunauthorized sheet product 28 is employed. - In one embodiment, the
sheet dispenser 10 “over delivers”sheet product 28, if anunauthorized sheet product 28 is employed in thesheet dispenser 10. As used herein, the term “over delivery” refers to a pre-determined amount ofextra sheet product 28 dispensed compared to a normal dispense cycle if authorized product had been employed. For example, if thesheet dispenser 10 where programmed to dispense “X” amount of authorizedsheet product 28, thesheet dispenser 10 can dispense X plus a set amount extra, two times X, three times X, or a greater amount, ifunauthorized sheet product 28 is employed. The amount can be selected such that theunauthorized sheet product 28 will cost the facility operator more money to dispenseunauthorized sheet product 28 than authorized product. The over delivery amount may or may not be noticeable to the end user. However, it may be advantageous to dispense an amount ofsheet product 28 that is noticeable to the end user to facilitate communication to the establishment that thesheet dispenser 10 is operating in an unusual manner to aid in detecting thatunauthorized sheet product 28 is being employed. For example, in asheet dispenser 10 it is common to dispensesheet product 28 in amounts less than or equal to about 12 to 14 inches. The sheet length for “over delivery” can be 2 feet to 25 feet in length, specifically a length of 3 feet to 6 feet. In other embodiments, thesheet dispenser 10 can continue dispensing until an entiresheet product roll 26 is depleted. The pile ofsheet product 28 on the floor can trigger a complaint to the facility operator. The facility operator can self diagnosis the problem by a warning label disposed on thesheet dispenser 10 indicating that thesheet dispenser 10 may dispensemore sheet product 28 ifunauthorized sheet product 28 is employed. If the facility operator is unable to diagnosis the problem, the supplier may contact the owner or manufacturer of thesheet dispenser 10, wherein the owner or manufacturer of thesheet dispenser 10 will immediately understand the problem to be unauthorized use ofsheet product 28. In other words, inquiries about over delivery ofsheet product 28 can be used as a tool for policing and enforcing leases of proprietary systems. - In other embodiments, the
sheet dispenser 10 can “under deliver” product to discourage dispensing ofunauthorized sheet product 28. The term “under delivery” refers to a pre-determined lesser amount ofsheet product 28 to dispense compared to a normal dispense cycle if authorizedsheet product 28 had been employed. For example, if thesheet dispenser 10 where programmed to dispense “X” amount of authorized product, thesheet dispenser 10 can dispense half of X, a quarter of X, or a lesser amount ifunauthorized sheet product 28 is employed. While under deliver may not destroy the cost-in-use proposition compared to over delivery, it does provide another means of detecting whether or not unauthorized product is being employed. - In other embodiments, the
sheet dispenser 10 can dispense product at a “slower” speed compared to the speed at whichsheet product 28 is dispensed during normal operation. For example, if thesheet dispenser 10 where programmed to dispense “X” amount of authorizedsheet product 28 per second, thesheet dispenser 10 can dispense half of X per second, a quarter of X per second, or a lesser amount per second, ifunauthorized sheet product 28 is employed. Again, while a slower delivery speed may not destroy the cost-in-use proposition compared to over delivery, it does provide another means of detecting whether or not authorizedsheet product 28 is being employed. - Without wanting to be bound by theory, it is believed that by not employing a lock-out scheme; goodwill with the end-user associated with the branded
sheet dispenser 10 is maintained. In other words, in schemes where asheet dispenser 10 is locked-out or disabled when anunauthorized sheet product 28 is loaded into thesheet dispenser 10, the end-user (i.e., the person using the sheet dispenser 10) may form a negative impression of the brandedsheet dispenser 10. Whereas, by employing a design where thesheet dispenser 10 still dispensessheet product 28 even when unauthorized product is employed, the goodwill associated with the brand is maintained, since thesheet dispenser 10 reliably dispensed paper. The unauthorized dispensing schedules discussed above discourage stuffing of thesheet dispenser 10 withunauthorized sheet products 28, while trying to minimize any negative impressions that can tarnish the goodwill associated with asheet dispenser 10. - In other embodiments, to further limit negative impressions, the
sheet dispenser 10 may provide feedback to the end user, the facility operator, the owner of thesheet dispenser 10, and the like thatunauthorized sheet product 28 has been employed. For example, in response to the loading ofsheet product 28 absent thereference indications 52, thesheet dispenser 10 provides feedback to an external party, such as to a servicing attendant orsheet product 28 user for example, that suchunauthorized sheet product 28 has been loaded. As used herein, the term “feedback” shall be defined as an action taken by thesheet dispenser 10 to indicate to the external party that suchunauthorized sheet product 28 has been loaded into thesheet dispenser 10. It will be appreciated that “feedback” is distinguished from inactivity (e.g., “locking out” or deactivation) of thesheet dispenser 10. Indeed, thesheet dispenser 10 is programmed to dispensesheet product 28, even if anunauthorized sheet product 28 is loaded into thesheet dispenser 10; thesheet dispenser 10 does not employ a “lock-out” scheme, ifunidentified sheet products 28 are employed in thesheet dispenser 10. - In one embodiment, the
microprocessor 46 may be responsive to loading of such material absent thereference indications 52 to indicate use ofunauthorized sheet product 28 by flashing indicator 154 (FIG. 3 ) and/or set off an alarm. In other embodiments, thesheet dispenser 10 may also communicate thatunauthorized sheet product 28 has been employed by communication to a cellphone, personal data assistant (PDA), a pager, telephone, email, and the like. For example, thesheet dispenser 10 may optionally comprise a wireless modem or other wireless networking components disposed within the housing such that those providing thesheet dispenser 10 to end users can wirelessly monitor status information about thesheet dispenser 10. - Referring back to
FIG. 3 , an embodiment of sheet dispenser 10 (alternatively herein referred to as an electronic product dispenser) includes acontrol panel 400 that provides an HMI (human machine interface) between a user and the microprocessor 46 (alternatively herein referred to as a processor). In an embodiment,control panel 400 includes a plurality of LEDs (light emitting diodes) 410, a plurality ofcontrol switches 420, and acontrol button 430, all of which are disposed in signal communication with themicroprocessor 46. - In an embodiment, the plurality of
LEDs 410 includes afirst LED 412, asecond LED 414, and athird LED 416. Thefirst LED 412 is used to indicate the presence of an unauthorized roll indispenser 10 by signaling activation of an unauthorized roll procedure, and is also used to indicate proper operation of an authorized roll procedure, which will be discussed further below. As used herein, the term “authorized roll procedure” means normal (without purposeful alteration of dispensing action, as discussed above) sheet product dispensing when an authorized roll is placed in thedispenser 10. Thesecond LED 414 is used to indicate the presence of an operational error, such as ajammed feed mechanism 36, for example. Thethird LED 416 is used to indicate a low voltage condition ofbattery 370. While threeLEDs 410 are depicted, it will be appreciated that fewer or more LEDs may be employed without detracting from the scope of the invention disclosed herein. - In an embodiment, the plurality of control switches 420 includes a
first switch 422, asecond switch 424, and athird switch 426. In an embodiment, thefirst switch 422 has three settable positions, thesecond switch 424 has three settable positions, and thethird switch 426 has two settable positions. In an embodiment, thefirst switch 422 is used to adjust the sensitivity of thesensor 48 for dispensing sheet product, with the three sensitivity settings providing adjustment for a user's hand being “close”, “near” and “far” from thesensor 48, for example. In an embodiment, thesecond switch 424 is used to adjust the length ofsheet product 28 dispensed, with the three length settings providing relative sheet lengths such as “short”, “medium” and “long”, for example. In an embodiment, thethird switch 426 is used to change modes of operation, such as from “hang” mode to “demand” mode, for example. In an embodiment, the sensitivity settings of thefirst switch 422 only apply to “demand” mode, while the sheet length settings of thesecond switch 424 apply to both “hang” mode and “demand” mode. - When in “hang” mode,
microprocessor 46 operates to facilitate dispensing ofsheet product 28 following the removal of a previously dispensedsheet product 28 by a user, thereby resulting in a next-in-line sheet product “hanging” from the dispenser ready for removal by a next user. When in “demand” mode,microprocessor 46 operates to facilitate dispensing ofsheet product 28 on receipt of a sheet request signal (product dispense request) fromsensor 48, thereby substantially concealing the next-in-line sheet product from view until a dispense command is received. - While three
control switches 420 are depicted, having two or three settable positions, it will be appreciated that fewer or more switches, with fewer or more settable positions, may be employed without detracting from the scope of the invention disclosed herein. For example, a fourth switch (not shown) may be used with three settable positions to adjust a time delay between sheet product dispense cycles, with the three settings providing a long (three seconds for example), a medium (two seconds for example), and a short (one second for example) time delay. Alternatively, the threeswitches - In an embodiment, the
control button 430 is a push-and-release-type button having a two-state action; a first active state when depressed, and second inactive when released. In an embodiment, thecontrol button 430 functions in cooperation with thecover switch 136, with themicroprocessor 46 controlling the function of thecontrol button 430 depending on whether thecover switch 136 indicates that thecover 22 is open or closed. Other types of control devices may be used in place ofcontrol button 430, such as a toggle-type switch for example, which are considered within the scope of the invention. - When the
cover 22 is closed, thecontrol button 430, which is accessible to a user via an aperture in the cover 22 (hidden from view inFIG. 1 ), functions as a manual feed button, and in an embodiment has two operational characteristics. First, when thecontrol button 430 is momentarily depressed (activated-then-released) and thecover 22 is closed, thecontrol button 430 facilitates dispensing via thefeed mechanism 36 of only a single-dispense-portion ofsheet product 28 from thedispenser 10. And second, when thecontrol button 430 is held depressed (held activated) and thecover 22 is closed, thecontrol button 430 facilitates dispensing via thefeed mechanism 36 of more than a single-dispense-portion of thesheet product 28 from thedispenser 10. In an embodiment, the “more than a single-dispense-portion” means that thesheet product 28 is dispensed until a user releases thecontrol button 430 to its inactive state. - When the
cover 22 is open, thecontrol button 430 functions as a test button to provide indication that the program coding executable bymicroprocessor 46 is functioning properly in the presence of an authorizedroll 26 being placed in thedispenser 10. When an authorizedroll 26 is placed in thedispenser 10,detector 50 adjacent to theroll 26 determines the presence ofreference indication 52 as discussed above. In response to controlbutton 430 being depressed, and conditional on thecover 22 being open, and conditional on an authorized roll procedure (discussed above) being enabled, thefirst LED 412 flashes to provide indication that an authorizedroll 26 ofsheet product 28 is disposed in thedispenser 10. While embodiments disclosed herein make reference to thefirst LED 412 being an indicator (means of indicating) that indicates the presence of an authorizedroll 26, it will be appreciated that other means of indicating, such as by a buzzer, a beep, or any other sound for example, may be employed without detracting from the scope of the invention. Such other indicators are considered within the scope of the invention. - Additional functionality may be given to the
control button 430 when thecover 22 is open. A first functionality may be provided as discussed above when thecontrol button 430 is momentarily depressed (activated-then-released within two seconds for example). Here, and as discussed above, thecontrol button 430 is used to test the proper operation of the authorized roll procedure coding. A second functionality may be provided by holding thecontrol button 430 in an active state for an extended period of time, such as for five seconds for example. Here, the program coding executable bymicroprocessor 46 interprets the extended depression ofcontrol button 430 to be a request to run one of a plurality of diagnostic tests, which may be used to test the operational health of thedispenser 10. Such diagnostic tests may include but are not limited to: testing for the amount of energy/life remaining in thebatteries 370; testing for operational signals being properly sent and received from the various sensors/detectors/switches/indicators memory 55; and, testing for proper functioning offeed mechanism 36 andfeed motor 38, to name a few. Here, the settings ofcontrol switches 420 take on a dual function. The first function being that discussed above, sensitivity adjustment, length adjustment, and mode setting, for example, whencontrol button 430 is momentarily depressed. The second function ofcontrol switches 420 when thecontrol button 430 is held depressed/active for an extended period of time is to provide a test identification number that is dependent on and is in a one-to-one relationship with the settable positions of the plurality of control switches 420. For example, with thefirst switch 422 having three settable positions, thesecond switch 424 having three settable positions, and thethird switch 426 having two settable positions, the resulting number of combinations of settable positions is eighteen (three times three times two). By using time-of-activation (two seconds or five seconds for example) ofcontrol button 430 as a logic-control parameter, a high degree of utility can be implemented into thecontrol panel 400 ofdispenser 10 without the need for extraneous hardware and real estate on control system circuit boards. - Notwithstanding the foregoing, embodiments of the invention also contemplate lesser intelligent systems. For example, the
control button 430 could be disposed in such a manner as to be used independent of the state of the cover switch 136 (no intelligence programmed into themicroprocessor 46 for comparing the state of thecontrol button 430 with that of the cover switch 136). Here, thecontrol button 430 may be concealed from a user while being accessible to maintenance personnel, thereby providing manual feed dispensing, for example, ofsheet product 28 only by maintenance personnel. - In another example of a lesser intelligent system, a second control button (not shown) could be employed to provide the logic intelligence provided by the “time-of-activation” of
control button 430 discussed above. That is, instead of themicroprocessor 46 interpreting an extended depression ofcontrol button 430 to be a request to run one of a plurality of diagnostic tests, as discussed above, the second control button (not shown) is used to convey this same request. - Such lesser intelligent embodiments are contemplated and considered within the scope of the invention.
- Referring now to
FIG. 13 , which depicts in flow diagram form a portion of amethod 500 of controlling product dispensing from thesheet dispenser 10, which is operative under battery power, viabatteries 370, and includesmicroprocessor 46 that is responsive to a product dispense request, viasensor 48, to facilitate dispensing ofsheet product 28 from thesheet dispenser 10 on command. Here,method 500 is depicted having two program logic entry points. Afirst entry point 505 is when batteries are installed, and asecond entry point 525 is when program logic transfers to themethod 500 from another segment of the executable code. Such other segments resulting in logic transfer may include but are not limited to: a portion of the executable code that monitors the activity and/or state of a tear bar (not specifically shown but known generally in the art), and defines executable instruction dependent on the state thereof; a portion of the executable code that monitors the open or closed state of thecover 22, and defines executable instruction dependent on the state thereof; and, a portion of the executable code that monitors the state and/or activity of a service manual feed operation, and defines executable instruction dependent on the state thereof, for example. - When batteries are installed, referring now back to
first entry point 505, control logic passes through twoinitialization stages logic block 520, which is a point of convergence for control logic entering atfirst entry point 505 orsecond entry point 525. Atblock 520, it is determined if there exists a low voltage condition atbatteries 370. If not, then logic passes to block 540 wheresheet product 28 is automatically fed as requested. If a low voltage condition does exist atbatteries 370, then logic passes to block 530 where it is determined if an unauthorized roll procedure has been enabled (the unauthorized roll procedure being discussed above). If the unauthorized roll procedure has not been enabled,first LED 412 will be OFF and the logic passes to block 540. However, in the event that the unauthorized roll procedure has been enabled, then first LED 412 will be ON (constant ON, not flashing as discussed above in relation to an authorized roll), and the logic passes to block 535, where the unauthorized roll procedure (URP) is disabled. As such, in response to a low voltage condition existing at thebatteries 370 that is below a threshold voltage level, the unauthorized roll procedure is disabled if it was previously enabled. By disabling the unauthorized roll procedure under conditions where a low battery voltage condition exists, unintended operation of thedispenser 10 that may result under a low battery voltage condition can be avoided. In an embodiment, the operational voltage ofbatteries 370 is 5.0 volts, and the threshold voltage condition that triggers disabling of an unauthorized roll procedure is 4.0 volts. However, it is contemplated that other operational and/or threshold voltages may be employed without detracting from the scope of the invention disclosed herein. - After
block 540, control logic passes to routine 550, which determines atblock 555 whether “hang” mode or “demand” mode is set, and then passes the control logic to either a “hang” mode operation (“yes” path from block 555), or a “demand” mode operation (“no” path from block 555). - Following the “demand” mode operation, control logic passes to block 560 where a power saver routine is activated, which may be interrupted by a user request for sheet product at
block 565, sensing of a cover open condition at block 570 (via cover switch 136), or sensing actuation of the manual feed button (control button 430) atblock 575. If there is no interrupt, then control logic stays in the power saver mode. However, if there is an interrupt, then control logic passes to one of the subroutines at blocks 580 (subroutine to dispense sheet product/paper), 585 (subroutine to service an open cover condition), or 590 (subroutine to service a manual feed request). Control logic exiting tosubroutines method 500 viasecond entry point 525. - In view of the foregoing, it will be appreciated that the
reference indications 52 may be directly disposed on acore 56 of theroll 26, or may be disposed on thesheet product 28. Alternatively, however, thereference indications 52 may be disposed on a label, which is adhered to thecore 56 of theroll 26. - In this regard, a sheet product material may be cut from a parent roll (not shown) into a strip. The strip may be rolled about a spindle to form a tubular core. The
sheet product 28 may be rolled around the tubular core to form a log, which may be cut transversely into individual rolls 26 (ofFIG. 5 ). Alternatively, thesheet product 28 may be cut into a plurality of strips of a desired width and formed around the spindle or the core to form individual rolls 26. - The methods and systems described below in
FIGS. 14-17 provide for applyingreference indications 52 to therolls 26. As discussed above, thereference indications 52 are sensed by the sheet dispenser 10 (ofFIG. 1 ) at a distal end of therolls 26. -
FIG. 14 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of aroll 26. Theroll 26 includes a core 56 having aninner surface 1401 and anouter surface 1405.Sheet product 28 is wrapped about theouter surface 1405 of thecore 56 and defines anend portion 1403 of theroll 26. Areference indication 52 has been applied to thedistal end 1407 of theinner surface 1401 of thecore 56. -
FIG. 15 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of asystem 1500 that is operative to applyreference indications 52 to rolls 26. Thesystem 1500 includes acontroller 1502 communicatively connected to anapplication apparatus 1504. Thecontroller 1502 may include, for example, a processor and memory that is operative to perform logical functions. In the illustrated embodiment, theapplication apparatus 1504 includes aspray nozzle portion 1506 that is operative to spray a fluid. However, in alternate embodiments theapplication apparatus 1504 may include a label application device that is operative to dispose an adhesive label on a surface. Thesystem 1500 includes apositioning apparatus 1508 that may include, for example, a conveyer, rollers, a chute, slide, shuttle, lift, or any other type of material handling apparatus that is operative to move therolls 26 to a desired position. Theapplication apparatus 1504 may be arranged in a static position relative to thepositioning apparatus 1508, or theapplication apparatus 1504 may be moveable, such that thecontroller 1502 may control the position of thespray nozzle portion 1506 relative to therolls 26. In this regard, thecontroller 1502 may be communicatively connected to both thepositioning apparatus 1508 and theapplication apparatus 1504 to control thepositioning apparatus 1508 and theapplication apparatus 1504. Thesystem 1500 may include one ormore sensors 1510 communicatively connected to thecontroller 1502, which may include, for example, optical sensors, position sensors, proximity sensors, acoustic sensors, or any combination of sensors that send signals to thecontroller 1502 that are indicative of the position of thedistal end 1407 of theinner surface 1401 of thecore 56 of therolls 26. -
FIG. 16 illustrates a block diagram of the logic that may be performed by the controller 1502 (ofFIG. 15 ). Inblock 1602 theroll 26 is moved proximate to theapplication apparatus 1504 with thepositioning apparatus 1508. Inblock 1604, thecontroller 1502 may receive position signals from the sensor(s) 1510. Thecontroller 1502 determines whether the core of theroll 26 is in position relative to theapplication apparatus 1504 inblock 1606. If no, thecontroller 1502 adjusts the relative position of theroll 26 relative to theapplication apparatus 1504 inblock 1608. Thecontroller 1502 may control the adjustment by, for example, moving theroll 26 with thepositioning apparatus 1508, moving a portion of theapplication apparatus 1504, or moving both theroll 26 with thepositioning apparatus 1508 and moving a portion of theapplication apparatus 1504. If theroll 26 is in position, thecontroller 1502 may control theapplication apparatus 1504 to apply areference indication 52 to theinner surface 1401 of a distal end of the core 56 atblock 1610. -
FIG. 17 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of aspray nozzle portion 1506 arranged proximate to aroll 26 such that thespray nozzle portion 1506 may spray a fluid onto theinner surface 1401 of thecore 56. Thespray nozzle portion 1506 of the illustrated embodiment is connected to acompressed air line 1702 and afluid line 1704. Compressed air and the fluid (e.g., pigment, ink, or paint) are mixed in thespray nozzle portion 1506 and directed into thecore 56. In the illustrated embodiment, the generatrix of thecore 56 is indicated by theline 1701, while thespray nozzle portion 1506 is arranged such that the spray is directed at an angle φ relative to the air line 1702 (where the angle is partially defined by a center axis of the spray nozzle, i.e., the geometric center of the a spray pattern output by the spray nozzle). - The methods, systems, and embodiments described in
FIGS. 15-17 may reduce the amount of materials such as, dyes, inks, paints, or other materials used to form the reference indications by applying reference indications arranged on a distal end or the distal ends of the individual cores. The reduction in the amount of materials used to form the reference indications may conserve materials and reduce the cost of fabricating the individual rolls by avoiding applying reference indications in the interior portions of the cores. - An embodiment of the invention may be embodied in the form of processor-implemented processes and apparatuses for practicing those processes. Embodiments of the present invention may also be embodied in the form of a processor program product having program code containing instructions embodied in tangible media, such as floppy diskettes, CD-ROMs, hard drives, USB (universal serial bus) drives, processor memory, or any other processor readable storage medium, wherein, when the program code is loaded into and executed by a processor, the processor is responsive to the executable instructions and becomes an apparatus for practicing the invention. Embodiments of the invention also may be embodied in the form of instructions, or program code, for example, whether stored in a storage medium, loaded into and/or executed by a processor, or transmitted over some transmission medium, such as over electrical wiring or cabling, through fiber optics, or via electromagnetic radiation, wherein when the instructions or program code are loaded into and executed by a processor, the processor becomes an apparatus for practicing the invention. When implemented on a general-purpose microprocessor, the instructions or program code segments configure the
microprocessor 46 to create specific logic circuits. A technical effect of the executable instructions is to dispense and measure a length ofsheet product 28 from asheet dispenser 10 and to determine the presence ofunauthorized sheet product 28. - As disclosed, some embodiments of the invention may include some of the following advantages: an ability to identify
sheet product 28 loaded within asheet dispenser 10; an ability to provide feedback to an external party thatunidentified sheet product 28 has been loaded within asheet dispenser 10; and, by disabling the unauthorized roll procedure under conditions where a low battery voltage condition exists, unintended operation of thedispenser 10 that may result under a low battery voltage condition can be avoided. A particularly useful advantage is the ability of thesheet dispenser 10 to dispense product per an unauthorized product schedule, when an unauthorized sheet product is employed in thesheet dispenser 10. Customers are often tempted to use an inferiorquality sheet product 28 in a proprietary dispensing system to save money. This practice, however, can destroy the reputation of the manufacturer of the proprietary dispensing system, since the product is often of inferior quality to thesheet product 28 used in the proprietary system. Further, attempts to discourage this practice by locking-out (e.g. disabling) thesheet dispenser 10 can also tarnish the reputation and goodwill associated with the brand of the proprietary system. By dispensingsheet product 28 per an unauthorized product schedule, “stuffing” of thesheet dispenser 10 is discouraged. - While the disclosure has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the disclosure. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the disclosure without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the disclosure not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this disclosure, but that the disclosure will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (23)
1. A method for fabricating a roll of sheet product, the method comprising:
facilitating wrapping a sheet product material about a core to form the roll of sheet product; and
applying a reference indication to a distal end of the core following the formation of the roll of sheet product.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reference indication is applied to an inner surface of the distal end of the core.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sheet product material is wrapped about an outer surface of the core.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the core is tubular.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the reference indication is formed by spraying a fluid onto the inner surface of the distal end of the core.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reference indication includes a phosphorescent material.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reference indication is arranged on an adhesive backed label applied to the core.
8. A roll of sheet product fabricated by the method of claim 1 .
9. A system for fabricating a roll of sheet product, the system comprising:
an application apparatus operative to apply a reference indicator to a roll of sheet product; and
a controller communicatively connected to the application apparatus, the controller operative to control the application apparatus.
10. The system of claim 9 , wherein the reference indicator is applied to a distal end of an inner surface of a core of the roll of sheet product.
11. The system of claim 9 , wherein the system further comprises a sensor communicatively connected to the controller and operative to send a signal indicative of a position of the roll of sheet product relative to the application apparatus to the controller.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the controller is operative to receive the signal from the sensor and control a position apparatus operative to change the position of the roll relative to the application apparatus.
13. The system of claim 11 , wherein the controller is operative to receive the signal from the sensor and control a position of the application apparatus relative to the roll of sheet product.
14. The system of claim 9 wherein the controller is operative to receive the signal from the sensor and direct the application apparatus to apply the reference indication to a distal end of an inner surface of a core of the roll of sheet product responsive to determining that the application apparatus is arranged proximate to the distal end of the inner surface of the core of the roll of sheet product.
15. The system of claim 9 , wherein the application apparatus includes a fluid spray nozzle.
16. The system of claim 9 , wherein the application apparatus includes an adhesive backed label applying device.
17. The system of claim 15 , wherein the fluid spray nozzle is arranged at an oblique angle relative to a generatrix defined by the core.
18. The system of claim 9 , wherein the reference indicator is applied as a fluid.
19. A roll of sheet product comprising:
a tubular core having a first distal end, an inner surface, and an outer surface;
sheet product wrapped about the tubular core; and
a reference indicator arranged on the inner surface of the tubular core, proximate to the first distal end.
20. The roll of claim 19 , wherein the reference indicator includes a phosphorescent pigment.
21. The roll of claim 19 , wherein the reference indicator is arranged only proximate to the first distal end.
22. The roll of claim 19 , wherein the reference indicator is defined by a spray pattern.
23. The roll of claim 19 , wherein the reference indicator is arranged on an adhesive backed label.
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