US20130193161A1 - Toy Gun With Pneumatic to Hydraulic Pressure Magnifier - Google Patents
Toy Gun With Pneumatic to Hydraulic Pressure Magnifier Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20130193161A1 US20130193161A1 US13/424,694 US201213424694A US2013193161A1 US 20130193161 A1 US20130193161 A1 US 20130193161A1 US 201213424694 A US201213424694 A US 201213424694A US 2013193161 A1 US2013193161 A1 US 2013193161A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pneumatic
- hydraulic
- toy gun
- cylinder
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F41B9/00—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure
- F41B9/0003—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure characterised by the pressurisation of the liquid
- F41B9/0006—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure characterised by the pressurisation of the liquid the liquid being pressurised prior to ejection
- F41B9/0015—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure characterised by the pressurisation of the liquid the liquid being pressurised prior to ejection the liquid being pressurised by compressed gas, e.g. air
- F41B9/0018—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure characterised by the pressurisation of the liquid the liquid being pressurised prior to ejection the liquid being pressurised by compressed gas, e.g. air the gas being compressed utilising a manual piston pump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F41B9/00—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure
- F41B9/0003—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure characterised by the pressurisation of the liquid
- F41B9/0031—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure characterised by the pressurisation of the liquid the liquid being pressurised at the moment of ejection
- F41B9/0037—Pressurisation by a piston
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F41B9/00—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure
- F41B9/0059—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure characterised by the number or kind of pressure or storage chambers
- F41B9/0065—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure characterised by the number or kind of pressure or storage chambers with removable storage tanks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to toy guns.
- the invention more particularly, although not exclusively, relates to water-shooting toy guns exploiting pneumatic pressure to propel water from a nozzle.
- compressed air is a relatively inefficient propellant for firing water from toy guns.
- an effective 90 psi of hydraulic pressure behind the nozzle is very difficult to achieve using stored pneumatic pressure in a toy gun to be operated by children.
- 50 psi for example is relatively easy to achieve as a stored pneumatic firing pressure.
- high hydraulic firing pressure is achieved in a toy gun primed with relatively low pneumatic pressure.
- a toy gun comprising:
- a pneumatic piston movable in the pneumatic cylinder and connected to the hydraulic piston, the pneumatic piston having a pneumatic surface area that is larger than the hydraulic surface area;
- the toy gun further comprises a reservoir for receiving water and compressed air above the water, and an inlet valve enabling one-way flow of water from the reservoir to the hydraulic cylinder.
- the toy gun further comprises a priming pump for compressing the air above the water in the reservoir.
- the toy gun further comprises a fluid switch adapted upon trigger-activation to release compressed air from the reservoir to the pneumatic cylinder.
- the toy gun further comprises a conduit extending between the priming pump and the reservoir, and wherein the fluid switch communicates air from a conduit to the pneumatic cylinder.
- the toy gun further comprises a trigger acting upon the fluid switch.
- the toy gun further comprises a nozzle valve activated by the trigger.
- the pneumatic piston is linked or connected to the hydraulic piston by a connecting rod.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional elevation of parts of a toy gun in a pre-priming configuration
- FIG. 2 is a similar schematic cross-sectional elevation of the same parts at the commencement of priming
- FIG. 3 is a similar schematic cross-sectional elevation of the same parts at a commencement of firing configuration
- FIG. 4 is a similar schematic cross-sectional elevation of the same parts at a completion of firing configuration
- FIG. 5 is a similar schematic cross-sectional elevation of the same parts in a post-firing configuration
- FIG. 6 is a similar schematic cross-sectional elevation of the same parts at a trigger-released post-firing configuration
- FIG. 7 is a similar schematic cross-sectional elevation of the same parts in a partially water-depleted condition ready for re-priming.
- a reservoir 11 is sealed by a cap via which water can be replenished. Extending upwardly into the reservoir 11 is a riser tube 18 .
- the riser tube 18 extends almost to the top of the reservoir 11 so that its exit is above water level.
- the riser tube 18 is connected to a junction 17 .
- a priming conduit 16 extends from the junction 17 to a primer 13 .
- Primer 13 comprises a reciprocating handle 14 connected to a priming piston 15 which incorporates a one-way valve 43 .
- the one-way valve 43 at the priming pump prevents backflow of air from the riser tube 16 to the pump.
- a fluid switch 20 activated by a trigger 19 .
- a double cylinder 12 comprising a small diameter hydraulic cylinder 25 and a large diameter pneumatic cylinder 23 .
- a hydraulic piston 24 slides within the hydraulic cylinder 25 and is sealed against the internal cylinder wall 25 by an O-ring.
- a pneumatic piston 22 slides within the pneumatic cylinder 23 and has an O-ring to seal against the internal cylinder wall of the pneumatic cylinder 23 .
- Pistons 22 and 24 are fixed to one another by a rigid connecting rod 26 .
- the surface area of the hydraulic piston 24 is smaller than the surface area of the pneumatic piston 22 .
- a firing conduit 21 extends between the fluid switch 20 and the pneumatic cylinder 23 .
- a nozzle 31 extends from the hydraulic firing chamber 30 to open space.
- a nozzle valve 32 from which there extends a firing rod 28 .
- the firing rod 28 is sealed through an aperture of the hydraulic firing chamber 30 and biased into the closed configuration by a nozzle valve return spring 33 .
- the firing rod 28 has a stopper 40 at its exposed tail end.
- the fluid switch 20 comprises a manifold casing having a manifold rod 34 extending longitudinally through it. Attached to the manifold rod 34 is a trigger 19 . A trigger return spring 35 biases the trigger to the configuration depicted in FIG. 1 .
- a pull rod 41 having at its distal end a catch 27 through which the firing rod 28 extends.
- the manifold rod 34 is sealed into the manifold by a pair of O-rings 37 and 38 . These O-rings are fixed with respect to the manifold casing and the manifold rod 34 slides with respect to the O-rings.
- the manifold rod 34 has a circumferential or annular recess 39 .
- the air gap between manifold rod 34 and the fluid switch (manifold) casing forms the pneumatic exhaust port 36 .
- the letter “W” represents water or other hydraulic liquid and a letter “A” represents pneumatic gas such as air.
- A represents pneumatic gas such as air.
- water and air are used.
- the handle 14 of the priming pump 13 is reciprocated to build up pneumatic pressure in the priming conduit 16 , junction 17 , riser tube 18 and in the air above the water in the reservoir 11 .
- Hydraulic pressure in the water of the reservoir rises accordingly.
- the inlet valve 29 is a one-way valve, water has flowed from the reservoir 11 into the hydraulic firing chamber 30 and into the hydraulic cylinder 25 ahead of the hydraulic piston 24 .
- the air trapped between piston 22 and conduit 21 will be vented to atmosphere through exhaust port 36 via the gap between the O-ring 37 and the annular recess 39 in the manifold rod 34 .
- the nozzle valve 32 is closed and continued reciprocation of handle 14 builds up hydraulic and pneumatic pressure in the system.
- trigger 19 When trigger 19 is activated, it moves past the position of FIG. 2 to the position shown in FIG. 3 .
- the catch 27 of the pull rod 28 pulls against the stopper 40 . Accordingly, the firing rod 28 opens the nozzle valve 32 against the return spring 33 .
- the annular recess 39 forms a flow channel around the O-ring 38 so that the pressurised air at the junction 17 passes rapidly through the firing conduit 21 into the pneumatic cylinder 23 .
- the ratio of the diameter of pistons 22 and 24 will produce a correspondingly increased hydraulic pressure in the water of hydraulic cylinder 25 .
- Such pressure might be around 90 psi.
- the connecting rod applies an equal and opposite force between the pistons.
- the net force on the connecting rod 26 is to the left.
- both pistons 22 and 24 move in unison to the left to cause a rapid jet of water through the nozzle 31 .
- the system then reverts to the configuration depicted in FIG. 7 whereat the volume of water remaining in the reservoir 11 has diminished by the amount which escaped via a nozzle 31 .
- the system can continue to be primed as a solid portion of the manifold rod 34 has sealed against O-ring 38 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
Abstract
A toy gun includes a hydraulic cylinder, a nozzle from which water from the hydraulic cylinder can be expelled, and a hydraulic piston movable in the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder is of a certain surface area. A pneumatic piston is movable in a pneumatic cylinder and is connected to the hydraulic piston. The pneumatic piston has a surface area that is larger than that of the hydraulic piston. Upon triggering, compressed air is delivered to the pneumatic cylinder and pressure induced in the hydraulic cylinder is magnified substantially by the ratio of the two surface areas.
Description
- The present invention relates to toy guns. The invention more particularly, although not exclusively, relates to water-shooting toy guns exploiting pneumatic pressure to propel water from a nozzle.
- Due to the compressible nature of gases, compressed air is a relatively inefficient propellant for firing water from toy guns. For example, an effective 90 psi of hydraulic pressure behind the nozzle is very difficult to achieve using stored pneumatic pressure in a toy gun to be operated by children. However, 50 psi for example is relatively easy to achieve as a stored pneumatic firing pressure.
- Briefly stated, high hydraulic firing pressure is achieved in a toy gun primed with relatively low pneumatic pressure.
- There is disclosed herein a toy gun, comprising:
- a hydraulic cylinder;
- a nozzle from which water from the hydraulic cylinder can be expelled;
- a hydraulic piston movable in the hydraulic cylinder and having a hydraulic surface area;
- a pneumatic cylinder;
- a pneumatic piston movable in the pneumatic cylinder and connected to the hydraulic piston, the pneumatic piston having a pneumatic surface area that is larger than the hydraulic surface area; and
- means for presenting compressed air to the pneumatic cylinder.
- Preferably, the toy gun further comprises a reservoir for receiving water and compressed air above the water, and an inlet valve enabling one-way flow of water from the reservoir to the hydraulic cylinder.
- Preferably, the toy gun further comprises a priming pump for compressing the air above the water in the reservoir.
- Preferably, the toy gun further comprises a fluid switch adapted upon trigger-activation to release compressed air from the reservoir to the pneumatic cylinder.
- Preferably, the toy gun further comprises a conduit extending between the priming pump and the reservoir, and wherein the fluid switch communicates air from a conduit to the pneumatic cylinder.
- Preferably, the toy gun further comprises a trigger acting upon the fluid switch.
- Preferably, the toy gun further comprises a nozzle valve activated by the trigger.
- Preferably, the pneumatic piston is linked or connected to the hydraulic piston by a connecting rod.
- A preferred form of the present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional elevation of parts of a toy gun in a pre-priming configuration; -
FIG. 2 is a similar schematic cross-sectional elevation of the same parts at the commencement of priming; -
FIG. 3 is a similar schematic cross-sectional elevation of the same parts at a commencement of firing configuration; -
FIG. 4 is a similar schematic cross-sectional elevation of the same parts at a completion of firing configuration; -
FIG. 5 is a similar schematic cross-sectional elevation of the same parts in a post-firing configuration; -
FIG. 6 is a similar schematic cross-sectional elevation of the same parts at a trigger-released post-firing configuration; and -
FIG. 7 is a similar schematic cross-sectional elevation of the same parts in a partially water-depleted condition ready for re-priming. - In the accompanying drawings there is depicted schematically the
internal components 10 of a toy gun. - A
reservoir 11 is sealed by a cap via which water can be replenished. Extending upwardly into thereservoir 11 is ariser tube 18. Theriser tube 18 extends almost to the top of thereservoir 11 so that its exit is above water level. Theriser tube 18 is connected to ajunction 17. Apriming conduit 16 extends from thejunction 17 to aprimer 13.Primer 13 comprises areciprocating handle 14 connected to apriming piston 15 which incorporates a one-way valve 43. The one-way valve 43 at the priming pump prevents backflow of air from theriser tube 16 to the pump. - Also attached to the
junction 17 is afluid switch 20 activated by atrigger 19. - Located beneath the
reservoir 11 is adouble cylinder 12 comprising a small diameterhydraulic cylinder 25 and a large diameterpneumatic cylinder 23. Ahydraulic piston 24 slides within thehydraulic cylinder 25 and is sealed against theinternal cylinder wall 25 by an O-ring. Similarly, apneumatic piston 22 slides within thepneumatic cylinder 23 and has an O-ring to seal against the internal cylinder wall of thepneumatic cylinder 23. Pistons 22 and 24 are fixed to one another by a rigid connectingrod 26. The surface area of thehydraulic piston 24 is smaller than the surface area of thepneumatic piston 22. - A
firing conduit 21 extends between thefluid switch 20 and thepneumatic cylinder 23. - At the front of the
hydraulic cylinder 25 there is ahydraulic firing chamber 30. Anozzle 31 extends from thehydraulic firing chamber 30 to open space. - Immediately behind the
nozzle 31 is anozzle valve 32 from which there extends afiring rod 28. Thefiring rod 28 is sealed through an aperture of thehydraulic firing chamber 30 and biased into the closed configuration by a nozzlevalve return spring 33. - The
firing rod 28 has astopper 40 at its exposed tail end. - The
fluid switch 20 comprises a manifold casing having amanifold rod 34 extending longitudinally through it. Attached to themanifold rod 34 is atrigger 19. Atrigger return spring 35 biases the trigger to the configuration depicted inFIG. 1 . - Attached to the
trigger 19 is apull rod 41 having at its distal end acatch 27 through which thefiring rod 28 extends. - The
manifold rod 34 is sealed into the manifold by a pair of O-rings manifold rod 34 slides with respect to the O-rings. Themanifold rod 34 has a circumferential orannular recess 39. - The air gap between
manifold rod 34 and the fluid switch (manifold) casing forms thepneumatic exhaust port 36. - In the drawings, the letter “W” represents water or other hydraulic liquid and a letter “A” represents pneumatic gas such as air. For convenience, the words “water” and “air” are used.
- In use, water is poured into the
reservoir 11 and the cap seals thereservoir 11. Thehandle 14 of thepriming pump 13 is reciprocated to build up pneumatic pressure in thepriming conduit 16,junction 17,riser tube 18 and in the air above the water in thereservoir 11. - Hydraulic pressure in the water of the reservoir rises accordingly. As the
inlet valve 29 is a one-way valve, water has flowed from thereservoir 11 into thehydraulic firing chamber 30 and into thehydraulic cylinder 25 ahead of thehydraulic piston 24. The air trapped betweenpiston 22 andconduit 21 will be vented to atmosphere throughexhaust port 36 via the gap between the O-ring 37 and theannular recess 39 in themanifold rod 34. Thenozzle valve 32 is closed and continued reciprocation ofhandle 14 builds up hydraulic and pneumatic pressure in the system. - When
trigger 19 is activated, it moves past the position ofFIG. 2 to the position shown inFIG. 3 . Thecatch 27 of thepull rod 28 pulls against thestopper 40. Accordingly, the firingrod 28 opens thenozzle valve 32 against thereturn spring 33. At the same time, theannular recess 39 forms a flow channel around the O-ring 38 so that the pressurised air at thejunction 17 passes rapidly through the firingconduit 21 into thepneumatic cylinder 23. - If the pneumatic pressure behind the
piston 22 is say 50 psi, the ratio of the diameter ofpistons hydraulic cylinder 25. Such pressure might be around 90 psi. The connecting rod applies an equal and opposite force between the pistons. As the movement is dynamic in nature, there will of course be some inefficiency due to slight frictional and leakage losses when the nozzle is opened. The net force on the connectingrod 26 is to the left. As a result, bothpistons nozzle 31. - When the
trigger 19 is released as shown inFIG. 5 , thepistons nozzle valve 32 is sealed again. Air pressure inside thereservoir 11 will push water intohydraulic firing chamber 30 again viainlet valve 29 as shown inFIG. 6 . In this configuration, themanifold rod 34 has moved to the left, so that theannular recess 39 has formed a flow channel around at O-ring 37 so that air substantially at atmospheric pressure behind thepneumatic piston 22 escapes to atmosphere viaexhaust port 36. - The system then reverts to the configuration depicted in
FIG. 7 whereat the volume of water remaining in thereservoir 11 has diminished by the amount which escaped via anozzle 31. The system can continue to be primed as a solid portion of themanifold rod 34 has sealed against O-ring 38. - It should be appreciated that modifications and alterations obvious to those skilled in the art are not to be considered as beyond the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A toy gun, comprising:
a hydraulic cylinder;
a nozzle from which water from the hydraulic cylinder can be expelled;
a hydraulic piston movable in the hydraulic cylinder and having a hydraulic surface area;
a pneumatic cylinder;
a pneumatic piston movable in the pneumatic cylinder and connected to the hydraulic piston, the pneumatic piston having a pneumatic surface area that is larger than the hydraulic surface area; and
means for presenting compressed air to the pneumatic cylinder.
2. The toy gun of claim 1 , further comprising a reservoir for receiving water and compressed air above the water, and an inlet valve enabling one-way flow of water from the reservoir to the hydraulic cylinder.
3. The toy gun of claim 2 , further comprising a priming pump for compressing the air above the water in the reservoir.
4. The toy gun of claim 3 , further comprising a fluid switch adapted upon trigger-activation to release compressed air from the reservoir to the pneumatic cylinder.
5. The toy gun of claim 4 , further comprising a conduit extending between the priming pump and the reservoir, and wherein the fluid switch communicates air from a conduit to the pneumatic cylinder.
6. The toy gun of claim 5 , further comprising a trigger acting upon the fluid switch.
7. The toy gun of claim 1 , further comprising a nozzle valve activated by the trigger.
8. The toy gun of claim 1 , wherein the pneumatic piston is linked or connected to the hydraulic piston by a connecting rod.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
HK12100859.6A HK1171330A2 (en) | 2012-01-30 | 2012-01-30 | Toy gun with pneumatic to hydraulic pressure magnifier |
HK12100859.6 | 2012-01-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20130193161A1 true US20130193161A1 (en) | 2013-08-01 |
Family
ID=46959969
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/424,694 Abandoned US20130193161A1 (en) | 2012-01-30 | 2012-03-20 | Toy Gun With Pneumatic to Hydraulic Pressure Magnifier |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130193161A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN202485552U (en) |
HK (1) | HK1171330A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11965707B1 (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2024-04-23 | Edward Helinski | Metered volume water gun |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105571392A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-11 | 李峰 | Knapsack type water gun for children |
-
2012
- 2012-01-30 HK HK12100859.6A patent/HK1171330A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-02-27 CN CN2012200688747U patent/CN202485552U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-03-20 US US13/424,694 patent/US20130193161A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11965707B1 (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2024-04-23 | Edward Helinski | Metered volume water gun |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN202485552U (en) | 2012-10-10 |
HK1171330A2 (en) | 2013-03-22 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: BUZZ BEE TOYS (H.K.) CO., LIMITED, CHINA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MA, CHOR-MING;REEL/FRAME:027892/0904 Effective date: 20120308 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |