US20120251696A1 - Method of using a drop-in passive thermal insert for food service counters - Google Patents
Method of using a drop-in passive thermal insert for food service counters Download PDFInfo
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- US20120251696A1 US20120251696A1 US13/478,637 US201213478637A US2012251696A1 US 20120251696 A1 US20120251696 A1 US 20120251696A1 US 201213478637 A US201213478637 A US 201213478637A US 2012251696 A1 US2012251696 A1 US 2012251696A1
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- Prior art keywords
- tray
- temperature
- canister
- metal tube
- dispenser
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/06—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits forming part of, or being attached to, the tank containing the body of fluid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/24—Warming devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J39/00—Heat-insulated warming chambers; Cupboards with heating arrangements for warming kitchen utensils
- A47J39/02—Dish-warmers; Devices to keep food hot
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0042—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for foodstuffs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2270/00—Thermal insulation; Thermal decoupling
Definitions
- This invention relates to a thermally-insulated canister, usable to vertically extend a heated or refrigerated volume of heated or refrigerated food-serving tray.
- FIG. 1 shows a prior art food service counter 10 for food storage trays 12 that can keep foods hot or cold.
- the foods kept in such trays 12 include meats and condiments used to make sandwiches or other food products.
- FIG. 1 also shows a food condiment dispenser 20 in the trays 12 that is intended to control the temperature of foods kept in the tray.
- FIG. 2 is a cross section of a prior art food storage tray 12 .
- refrigeration lines 14 absorb heat from the side walls and/or bottom of the tray 12 in order to keep the air inside the tray 12 cold.
- a vessel 20 embodied as a condiment dispenser is shown in FIG. 2 to be standing upright inside the tray 12 .
- the vessel 20 has a lower portion 24 below the open top 16 of the tray and an upper portion 22 above the open top 16 .
- Some restaurants, sandwich shops and food services prepare foods that include made-to-order sandwiches, ice cream and pizza.
- Many such establishments add condiments to their products, examples of which can include but are not limited to, whipped cream, salad dressing, cheeses and mayonnaise. They usually add such condiments using well-known, hand-held dispenser squeeze bottles.
- Refrigerated food storage trays 12 used in prior art food service counters 10 are too shallow to properly refrigerate tall, hand-held condiment dispensers 20 . Even if the trays 12 were as deep as a condiment dispenser is tall, the temperature gradient inside the tray is nevertheless inadequate to properly chill the top, upper-most part 22 of a tall condiment dispenser 20 because of the temperature gradient that exists in the trays 12 . Lowering the nominal tray temperature so that the top portion 22 is kept at or below a proper condiment storage temperature might mean that the bottom portion of a tray goes below 32° F., which would freeze contents at the bottom portion 24 of a dispenser 20 . An apparatus and method for assisting the refrigeration of a elongated, upright, hand-held dispensers in a food storage tray 12 would be an improvement over the prior art.
- FIG. 1 shows a prior art food service counter including several food storage trays
- FIG. 2 shows a prior art food storage tray
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a drop-in passive refrigeration canister in a food storage tray
- FIG. 4 is a cross section of a drop-in passive refrigeration canister, an included passively refrigerated vessel 20 and a refrigerated food storage tray wherein heat flow is depicted by arrows;
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of a drop-in passive refrigeration canister
- FIG. 6A is a perspective view of another embodiment of a drop-in passive refrigeration canister with an insulation layer
- FIG. 6B is a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of drop-in passive refrigeration canister with an insulation layer
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of a drop-in passive refrigeration canister
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of a drop-in passive refrigeration canister inside a tray
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a drop-in passive thermal insert canister provided with a cover that insulates upper portions of the tube and which also covers a tray;
- FIG. 10 is a cross section of the drop-in passive thermal insert canister inside a refrigerated food storage tray and depicting heat flow direction;
- FIG. 11 includes an exploded view of a preferred embodiment of a drop-in passive thermal insert, showing the placement of a condiment dispenser and a configuration where two drop-in canister inserts are installed in a single tray and a drop-in canister insert having two passive refrigeration tubes and a single insulating cover; and
- FIG. 12 depicts a food service counter with temperature controlled trays having drop-in passive thermal inserts.
- FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of drop-in passive thermal insert canister 30 , in an actively-refrigerated food storage tray 12 in a food service counter 10 .
- canister 30 is used interchangeably with the term, drop-in passive thermal insert 30 .
- the description of the canister 30 hereafter is with respect to its usage with a cold food storage tray 12 .
- the canister 30 could also be used with a hot storage tray.
- the top 16 of a food storage tray 12 is usually left open, as shown in FIGS. 1-3 in order to allow the tray to be filled, but more importantly to allow tray contents to be removed.
- a consequence of leaving the tray 12 top 16 open is that circulating room air tends to warm the air inside the tray and near the top 16 of the tray 12 . Room air and convective currents thus tend to create a temperature gradient inside the tray 12 .
- FIG. 3 also shows a first example of a canister 30 , configured to passively refrigerate a tall, upright, condiment dispensing vessel or “vessel” 20 .
- the canister 30 is preferably embodied as a tube, oriented or “standing” upright in the tray 12 such that the center axis or length dimension of the tube is orthogonal to the bottom 19 of the tray 12 .
- the canister 30 has a height that is greater than the depth of the tray 12 , the tray depth being considered herein to be equal to, or substantially equal to, the distance between the open top 16 of the tray 12 and the bottom 19 of the tray. As set forth below, the portion of the canister 30 above the top 16 of the tray 12 allows the canister 30 to provide passive temperature control, i.e., refrigeration or heating, to the upper portion 22 of the vessel 20 stored inside the tube, the upper portion 22 of the vessel 20 being considered to be the portion of the vessel above the top 16 of the tray 12 .
- passive temperature control i.e., refrigeration or heating
- the tube forming the canister 30 shown in the figures has an open interior that defines an open volume that accepts a vessel 20 , such as the aforementioned hand-held condiment dispenser. (Vessel and condiment dispenser are hereafter used interchangeably.)
- the height of the canister 30 is greater than the depth of the tray 11 , but less than the height of a vessel 20 to be passively refrigerated in order to allow the vessel 20 to be grasped for removal from the canister 30 .
- FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of the canister 30 and a refrigerated tray 12 . Phantom lines show a condiment dispenser 20 inside the canister 30 .
- the arrows in FIG. 4 indicate heat flow direction for a refrigerated, i.e., cold food storage tray 12 . The direction of the arrows shown in FIG. 4 would be reversed from a hot food storage tray.
- the canister 30 provides a heat-absorbing body to vessel 20 , which provides passive refrigeration by absorbing heat radiated from the vessel 20 and re-radiating the vessel-originated heat into the tray 12 .
- latent heat in the lower portion 36 of the canister 30 radiates from the canister 30 into cold air in the tray 12 , including in particular the lowest and coldest portion of the tray 12 , i.e., the bottom surface 19 .
- the canister 30 does not rest on the bottom 19 of the tray 12 , but is instead suspended from either the counter 10 top or tray side walls.
- heat in the lower portion 36 of the canister 30 is also conducted from the canister 30 into the bottom 19 of the tray.
- Radiating and/or conducting heat from the lower portion 36 of the canister 30 into the tray 12 causes the temperature of lower portion 36 of the canister 30 to drop, relative to the temperature of the upper portions 38 of the canister 30 . Because the canister 30 is constructed of thermally-conductive material, latent heat in the initially warmer upper portion 38 of the canister 30 is conducted downward, through the canister material to the colder, lower portion 36 of the canister 30 where it, too, is radiated and/or conducted into the tray 12 .
- the temperature of the upper portion 38 of the canister 30 will decrease, relative to its surroundings.
- a decreased temperature of the upper portion 38 of the canister 30 allows the upper portion 38 of the canister 30 to absorb heat radiated from the upper portion of a relatively warmer vessel 20 placed inside the canister 30 .
- the canister 30 is thus able to absorb heat radiated from a vessel 20 inside the canister and re-radiate (as well as conduct) the heat from the vessel 20 into the tray 12 , so long as the temperature of a vessel inside the canister 30 is greater than the temperature of the canister 30 itself.
- Heat radiated from a vessel 20 inside the canister 30 is thus captured by the canister 30 , conducted downward through the canister 30 and radiated and/or conducted into the tray 12 for absorption by a refrigeration device, not shown.
- the structure, geometry and material of the canister 30 thus provide a passively temperature-controlled space above the top 16 of the tray 12 and above the top of a food service counter 10 in which a tray might be installed and operated with.
- the canister 30 shown in the figures is embodied as a cylindrical, aluminum tube. It has an open top 32 to receive a cylindrical, hand-held condiment dispenser 20 .
- the opposite end of the cylinder i.e., the bottom 39 of the tube, is closed off to form a flat, thermally-conductive bottom that can either rest on or be suspended above the bottom 19 of the tray 12 .
- the increased area of a flat, closed-off bottom enhances heat conduction between the canister 30 and the tray 19 , but requires additional material and hence additional fabrication cost.
- a closed-off bottom can also make cleaning the canister 30 more difficult.
- the canister 30 has an interior cross sectional shape that preferably conforms to and which is just slightly larger than the exterior shape or cross section of a vessel 20 , the temperature of which is to be passively controlled. Matching the interior shape and size of the canister 30 to the exterior shape and size of a vessel to be passively refrigerated improves passive temperature control by tightening the thermal coupling between the two bodies.
- Another embodiment uses a canister 30 having an inside diameter that allows the exterior surface of the vessel 20 to physically contact the insider surface of the canister and remain in physical contact therewith in order to facilitate conductive heat transfer between the vessel 20 and the canister 30 .
- Alternate embodiments of the canister 30 can have non-circular cross sections that can be square, rectangular, oval or elliptical, triangular or any irregular closed polygon, but as set forth above, the cross section of the canister 30 preferably matches, and is only slightly greater than the cross section of a vessel to be passively refrigerated.
- FIG. 5 depicts an embodiment of a canister 30 , the lower portion 36 of which is optionally perforated with holes 37 to facilitate air movement through the interior of the canister 30 .
- Providing holes 37 in the lower portion 36 but not in the upper portion allows conditioned air (warm or cold air) in a food storage tray 12 to move through the lower portion 36 of the interior of the canister 30 , which improves convective heat transfer between the canister 30 , a vessel 20 inside the canister 30 and the tray 12 .
- Not providing holes in the upper portion prevents ambient air from circulating into the conditioned, upper portions of the interior of the canister 30 .
- holes 37 are provided to a canister, they are preferably formed from the bottom 39 of the tube to a level corresponding to the top 16 of the tray 12 so that the holes 37 are located within the tray 12 .
- FIG. 6A shows another embodiment of a canister 30 wherein the canister 30 is provided with a relatively thin thermal insulation layer 40 around the outside of the upper portion of the tube forming the canister 30 .
- the insulation layer 40 preferably covers only the portion of the canister 30 that extends above the top 16 of a tray 12 in order to reduce heat transfer between portions of the canister above the top 16 of the tray 12 and ambient room air.
- the insulation layer 40 has a uniform outside diameter and extends from the top 42 of the tube down to the level of the tube that would be adjacent the top 16 of the tray 12 , when the canister 30 placed into a tray 12 .
- the lower portion of the canister 30 i.e., the portion below the top of the tray 12 down to the bottom 39 of the tube is not insulated, which creates a discontinuity in the outside surface of the canister 30 where the insulation layer ends.
- the wall thickness of the tube, the tube diameter or both are increased from the bottom 39 of the tube up to the elevation where the insulation layer 40 ends so that exterior of the canister 30 does not have an outside diameter discontinuity shown in FIG. 6A located where the insulation layer ends.
- Holes 37 are optionally formed into the lower portion of the embodiment of FIG. 6A or the embodiment of FIG. 6B in order to facilitate convective heat transfer.
- FIG. 7 shows another alternate embodiment of a passive canister 30 wherein the passive canister 30 is provided with thermally-conductive fins 52 that extend outwardly from the exterior surface of the passive canister 30 .
- the thermally-conductive fins 52 increase the surface area of thermally-conductive material that can radiate heat from the canister 30 into cold air inside a refrigerated tray 12 .
- the fins 52 thus increase the rate at which heat radiated from a vessel 20 can be absorbed by the passive canister 30 and dissipated/radiated into cold air in the tray 12 .
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a canister 30 wherein ends 54 of the fins 52 are provided with plates 62 , also referred to as gussets, which make contact with the side walls 17 of a temperature controlled tray 12 .
- the fins 54 and plates/gussets 62 are sized to physically contact (make a physical connection with) walls 17 of the tray 12 , which enables conductive heat transfer between the thermal canister 30 and the tray 12 as well as radiation between the fins and air inside the tray 12 .
- FIGS. 7 and 8 are also optionally provided with holes in the lower portions to facilitate air movement through the interior of the canister as well as an insulation layer as shown in FIG. 6 . The holes and insulation layer are not shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 in the interest of clarity.
- FIG. 9 therefore illustrates a perspective view of canister 30 provided with a collar 70 formed from a thermally insulating material having an exterior shape that will mate with and be received into an open top 16 of a food storage tray, not shown in FIG. 9 .
- the collar 70 shown in FIG. 9 is rectangular. It has a width W and a height H and side profiles (contours or shapes) selected so that the collar 70 fits over and/or just inside the open top of a rectangular food storage tray in order to keep ambient air out of the tray and to simultaneously provide insulation to surfaces of the canister 30 above the tray 12 . While the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 is configured to mate with a rectangular tray, alternate embodiments of the collar 70 are configured to mate with any one of a square, round, oval, elliptical or irregular shape tray.
- the collar 70 is provided with a through hole 72 that receives a thermally-conductive canister 30 , embodiments of which are described above and depicted in FIGS. 3-8 .
- the fit between the surface of the hole 72 and the canister 30 is a design choice.
- holes 37 are also optionally provided in the lower portion of the canister 30 , i.e., the portion of the canister 30 located below the bottom, lower surface of the insulative collar 70 (not shown in FIG. 9 ) so as to facilitate air movement between the interior of the tray and the interior of the canister 30 .
- FIG. 10 is a cross sectional view of the embodiment depicted in FIG. 9 .
- a temperature-controlled food storage tray 12 is installed into a food service counter 10 .
- the canister 30 such as one of those depicted in FIGS. 3-8 , extends through the collar 70 , i.e., from one side of the collar, through the hole 72 to the opposite side of the collar 70 .
- a condiment dispenser 20 is shown placed inside the canister 30 , the height of which extends above the top of the canister 30 and above the top of the collar 70 so that the condiment dispenser 20 can be grasped for removal.
- the top 42 of the canister 30 is shown just below the top of the collar 70 .
- the top 42 is perfectly flush or nearly flush with the top of the collar 70 .
- Another alternate embodiment (not shown) uses a taller canister 30 that extends above the top, upper most surface of the collar 70 so as to project upwardly from the collar 70 .
- Yet another embodiment uses a shorter canister that extends only part way through the collar 70 such that the top 42 of the canister 30 is below the top surface of the collar.
- FIG. 10 Shows the direction of heat flow in a refrigerated food storage tray. The direction of heat flow would be reversed in a heated food storage tray.
- heat is radiated and/or conducted from the lower portion 36 of the canister 30 into the tray 12 , causing the temperature of the lower portion 36 to decrease.
- Heat in the upper portion 38 is conducted from the upper portion 38 of the canister 30 to the lower portion 36 causing the temperature of the upper portion 38 to decrease.
- Heat radiated from the condiment dispenser 20 to the upper portion 38 or conducted from the upper portion of the dispenser 20 into the upper portion of the canister 30 is conducted down to the lower portion 36 where it is re-radiated into the tray 12 .
- the insulating collar 70 substantially eliminates heat transfer between the canister 30 and ambient air.
- the insulating collar 70 which also covers the open top 16 of the tray 12 , substantially eliminates heat transfer between the inside of the tray 12 and ambient air.
- FIG. 11 shows a drop-in passive thermal insert or canister 30 with an insulating collar 70 , which together form an assembly 120 configured to allow two such assemblies to fit within a single food storage tray 12 .
- two canisters 30 are fitted to a single, rectangular insulating collar having two through-holes.
- a single canister 30 is fitted with a square insulating collar that is configured to mate with a square food storage tray.
- the trays 12 with the canisters 30 are shown in FIG. 11 , installed into a food service counter 10 .
- FIG. 11 also shows an embodiment of a thermally-insulating collar 75 , which is configured to substantially or completely cover a single tray 12 but which has two holes 72 to accept two, drop-in passive thermal inserts or canisters 30 .
- the thermally-insulating collar 75 thus accepts a plurality of canisters 30 and provides a single, unified, thermally-insulating cover for a food storage tray having multiple holes for multiple canisters 30 and which minimizes or at least reduces heat transfer between the canisters 30 and ambient room air.
- a drop-in passive thermal insert which is also referred to herein as a canister, should be considered to include any thermally-conductive structure that can enclose a vessel taller than a temperature-controlled food storage tray and which exchanges heat between itself and the tray.
- a drop-in passive insert specifically including the embodiments depicted in the figures and described above, can be advantageously used with a food service counter, as shown in FIG. 12 .
- the temperature of hand-held dispensers 20 that need to be kept nearby but which might be too tall to be stood up right and kept at an appropriate temperature in a relatively shallow food storage tray can be kept handy and more appropriately cooled or heated in one or more trays 12 of the food service counter 10 using any one or more of the embodiments described above and depicted in the figures.
- the canisters can also be used with hot trays, with or without the aforementioned insulating collars 70 , the difference between them being only the direction of heat flow.
- the passive canisters described above are used with a cold tray, heat flows in the direction shown in FIG. 4 .
- the passive canisters are used with a hot tray, heat flows in a direction opposite to the direction shown in FIG. 4 .
- a method for storing and passively controlling the temperature of a hand-held condiment dispenser, having a height greater than the depth of a temperature-controlled tray.
- a thermally-conductive tube of any of the aforementioned shapes is placed inside a temperature-controlled food storage tray, which is also provided to a temperature-controlled food service counter as shown in FIG. 12 .
- the thermally-conductive tube used in the process has a height greater than the dept of the tray.
- the tube also has an open top and an interior volume that will accept a hand-held condiment dispenser or other vessel.
- a condiment dispenser or other vessel is placed inside the open volume of the thermally-conductive tube, which is also referred to herein as a canister. Since the temperature through-out the interior of the canister, is at or near the temperature of the temperature-controlled tray, over time, the temperature of a vessel placed into the canister will eventually reach a temperature equal to or nearly equal to the temperature of the tray. As used herein, such a step is considered to be temperature equalization.
- the temperature controlled food storage tray is covered and portions of the tube that extend above the open top of the tray are thermally-insulated by an insulating collar around the tube and which covers the tray.
- a condiment dispenser or other vessel can thereafter be provided more effective temperature control (heating or refrigeration) than would otherwise be possible by simply placing a dispenser or vessel into a temperature controlled tray, too shallow to properly heat or refrigerate the vessel.
- a food product such as a sandwich, pizza or an ice cream can be served to a consumer from a food service counter, such as the one depicted in FIG. 12 .
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Abstract
Passive temperature control is provided to vessels too tall to be stored in a shallow, temperature-controlled tray or basin by a vertically oriented thermally-conductive tube. In one embodiment, an insulative collar covers the tray and insulates portions of the tube that extend above the top of the tray. Optional heat sinking fins and air convection holes increase heat transfer between the tube and the tray.
Description
- This patent application is a divisional of application Ser. No. 12/329,795, which was filed on Dec. 8, 2008, and which is entitled, “Drop-In Passive Thermal Insert for Food Service Counters.”
- This invention relates to a thermally-insulated canister, usable to vertically extend a heated or refrigerated volume of heated or refrigerated food-serving tray.
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FIG. 1 shows a prior artfood service counter 10 forfood storage trays 12 that can keep foods hot or cold. The foods kept insuch trays 12 include meats and condiments used to make sandwiches or other food products.FIG. 1 also shows afood condiment dispenser 20 in thetrays 12 that is intended to control the temperature of foods kept in the tray. -
FIG. 2 is a cross section of a prior artfood storage tray 12. In the case of refrigeratedtrays 12,refrigeration lines 14 absorb heat from the side walls and/or bottom of thetray 12 in order to keep the air inside thetray 12 cold. Avessel 20 embodied as a condiment dispenser is shown inFIG. 2 to be standing upright inside thetray 12. Thevessel 20 has alower portion 24 below theopen top 16 of the tray and anupper portion 22 above theopen top 16. - It is well known that temperature gradients exist within food-serving
trays 12. Room air currents mix with air in thetray 12, which tend to warm the top of a refrigerated tray and cool the top of a heated tray. The air temperature inside and near thetop 16 of thetray 12 will almost always be different than the air temperature inside and at the bottom of thetray 12.Food storage trays 12 are therefore less than ideal for storing perishable foods for long periods of time, especially when ambient room air temperatures are high and/or when room air currents are relatively brisk.Upper portions 22 oftall vessels 20 are not refrigerated at all. - Some restaurants, sandwich shops and food services prepare foods that include made-to-order sandwiches, ice cream and pizza. Many such establishments add condiments to their products, examples of which can include but are not limited to, whipped cream, salad dressing, cheeses and mayonnaise. They usually add such condiments using well-known, hand-held dispenser squeeze bottles.
- Many condiments need to be kept refrigerated in order to preserve their freshness. Dispensers from which such condiments are dispensed therefore also need to be refrigerated.
- While restaurants and food service providers that add perishable condiments to food products know that some condiments need to be kept refrigerated, capital equipment costs, operating expenses and food product preparation time constraints can force many restaurants and food service providers to forego properly refrigerating
condiment dispensers 20. Some restaurants and food services have taken to storing hand-held condiment dispensers in a refrigeratedtray 12 when thecondiment dispensers 20 are not being used in order to keep the dispensers somewhat chilled but nevertheless accessible. - Refrigerated
food storage trays 12 used in prior artfood service counters 10 are too shallow to properly refrigerate tall, hand-heldcondiment dispensers 20. Even if thetrays 12 were as deep as a condiment dispenser is tall, the temperature gradient inside the tray is nevertheless inadequate to properly chill the top,upper-most part 22 of atall condiment dispenser 20 because of the temperature gradient that exists in thetrays 12. Lowering the nominal tray temperature so that thetop portion 22 is kept at or below a proper condiment storage temperature might mean that the bottom portion of a tray goes below 32° F., which would freeze contents at thebottom portion 24 of adispenser 20. An apparatus and method for assisting the refrigeration of a elongated, upright, hand-held dispensers in afood storage tray 12 would be an improvement over the prior art. -
FIG. 1 shows a prior art food service counter including several food storage trays; -
FIG. 2 shows a prior art food storage tray; -
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a drop-in passive refrigeration canister in a food storage tray; -
FIG. 4 is a cross section of a drop-in passive refrigeration canister, an included passively refrigeratedvessel 20 and a refrigerated food storage tray wherein heat flow is depicted by arrows; -
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of a drop-in passive refrigeration canister; -
FIG. 6A is a perspective view of another embodiment of a drop-in passive refrigeration canister with an insulation layer; -
FIG. 6B is a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of drop-in passive refrigeration canister with an insulation layer; -
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of a drop-in passive refrigeration canister; -
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of a drop-in passive refrigeration canister inside a tray; -
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a drop-in passive thermal insert canister provided with a cover that insulates upper portions of the tube and which also covers a tray; -
FIG. 10 is a cross section of the drop-in passive thermal insert canister inside a refrigerated food storage tray and depicting heat flow direction; -
FIG. 11 includes an exploded view of a preferred embodiment of a drop-in passive thermal insert, showing the placement of a condiment dispenser and a configuration where two drop-in canister inserts are installed in a single tray and a drop-in canister insert having two passive refrigeration tubes and a single insulating cover; and -
FIG. 12 depicts a food service counter with temperature controlled trays having drop-in passive thermal inserts. -
FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of drop-in passivethermal insert canister 30, in an actively-refrigeratedfood storage tray 12 in afood service counter 10. As used herein, the term, “canister 30” is used interchangeably with the term, drop-in passivethermal insert 30. For simplicity and clarity purposes, the description of thecanister 30 hereafter is with respect to its usage with a coldfood storage tray 12. As set forth below, however, thecanister 30 could also be used with a hot storage tray. - The top 16 of a
food storage tray 12 is usually left open, as shown inFIGS. 1-3 in order to allow the tray to be filled, but more importantly to allow tray contents to be removed. A consequence of leaving thetray 12top 16 open is that circulating room air tends to warm the air inside the tray and near thetop 16 of thetray 12. Room air and convective currents thus tend to create a temperature gradient inside thetray 12. -
FIG. 3 also shows a first example of acanister 30, configured to passively refrigerate a tall, upright, condiment dispensing vessel or “vessel” 20. Thecanister 30 is preferably embodied as a tube, oriented or “standing” upright in thetray 12 such that the center axis or length dimension of the tube is orthogonal to thebottom 19 of thetray 12. - The
canister 30 has a height that is greater than the depth of thetray 12, the tray depth being considered herein to be equal to, or substantially equal to, the distance between theopen top 16 of thetray 12 and thebottom 19 of the tray. As set forth below, the portion of thecanister 30 above thetop 16 of thetray 12 allows thecanister 30 to provide passive temperature control, i.e., refrigeration or heating, to theupper portion 22 of thevessel 20 stored inside the tube, theupper portion 22 of thevessel 20 being considered to be the portion of the vessel above thetop 16 of thetray 12. - The tube forming the
canister 30 shown in the figures has an open interior that defines an open volume that accepts avessel 20, such as the aforementioned hand-held condiment dispenser. (Vessel and condiment dispenser are hereafter used interchangeably.) The height of thecanister 30 is greater than the depth of the tray 11, but less than the height of avessel 20 to be passively refrigerated in order to allow thevessel 20 to be grasped for removal from thecanister 30. -
FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of thecanister 30 and a refrigeratedtray 12. Phantom lines show acondiment dispenser 20 inside thecanister 30. The arrows inFIG. 4 indicate heat flow direction for a refrigerated, i.e., coldfood storage tray 12. The direction of the arrows shown inFIG. 4 would be reversed from a hot food storage tray. - As can be seen in
FIG. 4 , thecanister 30 provides a heat-absorbing body tovessel 20, which provides passive refrigeration by absorbing heat radiated from thevessel 20 and re-radiating the vessel-originated heat into thetray 12. When thecanister 30 is installed into thetray 12, latent heat in thelower portion 36 of thecanister 30 radiates from thecanister 30 into cold air in thetray 12, including in particular the lowest and coldest portion of thetray 12, i.e., thebottom surface 19. In some embodiments, thecanister 30 does not rest on the bottom 19 of thetray 12, but is instead suspended from either thecounter 10 top or tray side walls. In other embodiments wherein thecanister 30 rests or “sits” on the bottom 19 of thetray 12, heat in thelower portion 36 of thecanister 30 is also conducted from thecanister 30 into the bottom 19 of the tray. - Radiating and/or conducting heat from the
lower portion 36 of thecanister 30 into thetray 12 causes the temperature oflower portion 36 of thecanister 30 to drop, relative to the temperature of theupper portions 38 of thecanister 30. Because thecanister 30 is constructed of thermally-conductive material, latent heat in the initially warmerupper portion 38 of thecanister 30 is conducted downward, through the canister material to the colder,lower portion 36 of thecanister 30 where it, too, is radiated and/or conducted into thetray 12. - When heat is conducted from the
upper portion 38 of thecanister 30 to thelower portion 36, the temperature of theupper portion 38 of thecanister 30 will decrease, relative to its surroundings. A decreased temperature of theupper portion 38 of thecanister 30 allows theupper portion 38 of thecanister 30 to absorb heat radiated from the upper portion of a relativelywarmer vessel 20 placed inside thecanister 30. Thecanister 30 is thus able to absorb heat radiated from avessel 20 inside the canister and re-radiate (as well as conduct) the heat from thevessel 20 into thetray 12, so long as the temperature of a vessel inside thecanister 30 is greater than the temperature of thecanister 30 itself. Heat radiated from avessel 20 inside thecanister 30, including in particular heat radiated from a vessel at elevations of the vessel that are above the top 16 of thetray 12, is thus captured by thecanister 30, conducted downward through thecanister 30 and radiated and/or conducted into thetray 12 for absorption by a refrigeration device, not shown. The structure, geometry and material of thecanister 30 thus provide a passively temperature-controlled space above the top 16 of thetray 12 and above the top of afood service counter 10 in which a tray might be installed and operated with. - The
canister 30 shown in the figures is embodied as a cylindrical, aluminum tube. It has an open top 32 to receive a cylindrical, hand-heldcondiment dispenser 20. In an alternate embodiment, the opposite end of the cylinder, i.e., the bottom 39 of the tube, is closed off to form a flat, thermally-conductive bottom that can either rest on or be suspended above the bottom 19 of thetray 12. The increased area of a flat, closed-off bottom enhances heat conduction between thecanister 30 and thetray 19, but requires additional material and hence additional fabrication cost. A closed-off bottom can also make cleaning thecanister 30 more difficult. - The
canister 30 has an interior cross sectional shape that preferably conforms to and which is just slightly larger than the exterior shape or cross section of avessel 20, the temperature of which is to be passively controlled. Matching the interior shape and size of thecanister 30 to the exterior shape and size of a vessel to be passively refrigerated improves passive temperature control by tightening the thermal coupling between the two bodies. Another embodiment uses acanister 30 having an inside diameter that allows the exterior surface of thevessel 20 to physically contact the insider surface of the canister and remain in physical contact therewith in order to facilitate conductive heat transfer between thevessel 20 and thecanister 30. Alternate embodiments of thecanister 30 can have non-circular cross sections that can be square, rectangular, oval or elliptical, triangular or any irregular closed polygon, but as set forth above, the cross section of thecanister 30 preferably matches, and is only slightly greater than the cross section of a vessel to be passively refrigerated. -
FIG. 5 depicts an embodiment of acanister 30, thelower portion 36 of which is optionally perforated withholes 37 to facilitate air movement through the interior of thecanister 30. Providingholes 37 in thelower portion 36 but not in the upper portion allows conditioned air (warm or cold air) in afood storage tray 12 to move through thelower portion 36 of the interior of thecanister 30, which improves convective heat transfer between thecanister 30, avessel 20 inside thecanister 30 and thetray 12. Not providing holes in the upper portion prevents ambient air from circulating into the conditioned, upper portions of the interior of thecanister 30. When holes 37 are provided to a canister, they are preferably formed from the bottom 39 of the tube to a level corresponding to the top 16 of thetray 12 so that theholes 37 are located within thetray 12. -
FIG. 6A shows another embodiment of acanister 30 wherein thecanister 30 is provided with a relatively thinthermal insulation layer 40 around the outside of the upper portion of the tube forming thecanister 30. Theinsulation layer 40 preferably covers only the portion of thecanister 30 that extends above the top 16 of atray 12 in order to reduce heat transfer between portions of the canister above the top 16 of thetray 12 and ambient room air. InFIG. 6A , theinsulation layer 40 has a uniform outside diameter and extends from the top 42 of the tube down to the level of the tube that would be adjacent the top 16 of thetray 12, when thecanister 30 placed into atray 12. The lower portion of thecanister 30, i.e., the portion below the top of thetray 12 down to the bottom 39 of the tube is not insulated, which creates a discontinuity in the outside surface of thecanister 30 where the insulation layer ends. - In
FIG. 6B , the wall thickness of the tube, the tube diameter or both are increased from the bottom 39 of the tube up to the elevation where theinsulation layer 40 ends so that exterior of thecanister 30 does not have an outside diameter discontinuity shown inFIG. 6A located where the insulation layer ends.Holes 37 are optionally formed into the lower portion of the embodiment ofFIG. 6A or the embodiment ofFIG. 6B in order to facilitate convective heat transfer. -
FIG. 7 shows another alternate embodiment of apassive canister 30 wherein thepassive canister 30 is provided with thermally-conductive fins 52 that extend outwardly from the exterior surface of thepassive canister 30. The thermally-conductive fins 52 increase the surface area of thermally-conductive material that can radiate heat from thecanister 30 into cold air inside arefrigerated tray 12. Thefins 52 thus increase the rate at which heat radiated from avessel 20 can be absorbed by thepassive canister 30 and dissipated/radiated into cold air in thetray 12. -
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of another embodiment of acanister 30 wherein ends 54 of thefins 52 are provided withplates 62, also referred to as gussets, which make contact with theside walls 17 of a temperature controlledtray 12. Thefins 54 and plates/gussets 62 are sized to physically contact (make a physical connection with)walls 17 of thetray 12, which enables conductive heat transfer between thethermal canister 30 and thetray 12 as well as radiation between the fins and air inside thetray 12. As with the embodiments depicted inFIGS. 3-6 , embodiments depicted inFIGS. 7 and 8 are also optionally provided with holes in the lower portions to facilitate air movement through the interior of the canister as well as an insulation layer as shown inFIG. 6 . The holes and insulation layer are not shown inFIGS. 7 and 8 in the interest of clarity. - The canister embodiments described above illustrate structures that vertically extend temperature-controlled environments provided within a relatively shallow, temperature controlled food storage trays. As was set forth above, however, room air and convection currents can create temperature gradients with a
tray 12 that can adversely affect the performance and operation of the embodiments set forth above.FIG. 9 therefore illustrates a perspective view ofcanister 30 provided with acollar 70 formed from a thermally insulating material having an exterior shape that will mate with and be received into anopen top 16 of a food storage tray, not shown inFIG. 9 . - The
collar 70 shown inFIG. 9 is rectangular. It has a width W and a height H and side profiles (contours or shapes) selected so that thecollar 70 fits over and/or just inside the open top of a rectangular food storage tray in order to keep ambient air out of the tray and to simultaneously provide insulation to surfaces of thecanister 30 above thetray 12. While the embodiment shown inFIG. 9 is configured to mate with a rectangular tray, alternate embodiments of thecollar 70 are configured to mate with any one of a square, round, oval, elliptical or irregular shape tray. - As can be seen in
FIG. 9 , thecollar 70 is provided with a throughhole 72 that receives a thermally-conductive canister 30, embodiments of which are described above and depicted inFIGS. 3-8 . The fit between the surface of thehole 72 and thecanister 30 is a design choice. As with the canister embodiments described above, holes 37 are also optionally provided in the lower portion of thecanister 30, i.e., the portion of thecanister 30 located below the bottom, lower surface of the insulative collar 70 (not shown inFIG. 9 ) so as to facilitate air movement between the interior of the tray and the interior of thecanister 30. -
FIG. 10 is a cross sectional view of the embodiment depicted inFIG. 9 . InFIG. 10 , a temperature-controlledfood storage tray 12 is installed into afood service counter 10. Thecanister 30, such as one of those depicted inFIGS. 3-8 , extends through thecollar 70, i.e., from one side of the collar, through thehole 72 to the opposite side of thecollar 70. Acondiment dispenser 20 is shown placed inside thecanister 30, the height of which extends above the top of thecanister 30 and above the top of thecollar 70 so that thecondiment dispenser 20 can be grasped for removal. - In
FIGS. 9 and 10 , the top 42 of thecanister 30 is shown just below the top of thecollar 70. In an alternate embodiment, the top 42 is perfectly flush or nearly flush with the top of thecollar 70. Another alternate embodiment (not shown) uses ataller canister 30 that extends above the top, upper most surface of thecollar 70 so as to project upwardly from thecollar 70. Yet another embodiment uses a shorter canister that extends only part way through thecollar 70 such that the top 42 of thecanister 30 is below the top surface of the collar. - Arrows in
FIG. 10 show the direction of heat flow in a refrigerated food storage tray. The direction of heat flow would be reversed in a heated food storage tray. - In
FIG. 10 , heat is radiated and/or conducted from thelower portion 36 of thecanister 30 into thetray 12, causing the temperature of thelower portion 36 to decrease. Heat in theupper portion 38 is conducted from theupper portion 38 of thecanister 30 to thelower portion 36 causing the temperature of theupper portion 38 to decrease. Heat radiated from thecondiment dispenser 20 to theupper portion 38 or conducted from the upper portion of thedispenser 20 into the upper portion of thecanister 30 is conducted down to thelower portion 36 where it is re-radiated into thetray 12. The insulatingcollar 70 substantially eliminates heat transfer between thecanister 30 and ambient air. The insulatingcollar 70, which also covers theopen top 16 of thetray 12, substantially eliminates heat transfer between the inside of thetray 12 and ambient air. -
FIG. 11 shows a drop-in passive thermal insert orcanister 30 with an insulatingcollar 70, which together form anassembly 120 configured to allow two such assemblies to fit within a singlefood storage tray 12. InFIG. 11 , twocanisters 30 are fitted to a single, rectangular insulating collar having two through-holes. In another embodiment also shown inFIG. 11 , asingle canister 30 is fitted with a square insulating collar that is configured to mate with a square food storage tray. Thetrays 12 with thecanisters 30 are shown inFIG. 11 , installed into afood service counter 10. - From a different perspective,
FIG. 11 also shows an embodiment of a thermally-insulatingcollar 75, which is configured to substantially or completely cover asingle tray 12 but which has twoholes 72 to accept two, drop-in passive thermal inserts orcanisters 30. The thermally-insulatingcollar 75 thus accepts a plurality ofcanisters 30 and provides a single, unified, thermally-insulating cover for a food storage tray having multiple holes formultiple canisters 30 and which minimizes or at least reduces heat transfer between thecanisters 30 and ambient room air. - As used herein, a drop-in passive thermal insert, which is also referred to herein as a canister, should be considered to include any thermally-conductive structure that can enclose a vessel taller than a temperature-controlled food storage tray and which exchanges heat between itself and the tray. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that a drop-in passive insert, specifically including the embodiments depicted in the figures and described above, can be advantageously used with a food service counter, as shown in
FIG. 12 . The temperature of hand-helddispensers 20 that need to be kept nearby but which might be too tall to be stood up right and kept at an appropriate temperature in a relatively shallow food storage tray can be kept handy and more appropriately cooled or heated in one ormore trays 12 of thefood service counter 10 using any one or more of the embodiments described above and depicted in the figures. - While the preferred embodiment of the canister has been described with respect to passive refrigeration, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the canisters can also be used with hot trays, with or without the aforementioned insulating
collars 70, the difference between them being only the direction of heat flow. When the passive canisters described above are used with a cold tray, heat flows in the direction shown inFIG. 4 . When the passive canisters are used with a hot tray, heat flows in a direction opposite to the direction shown inFIG. 4 . - It should be apparent from the foregoing description that a method has been described for storing and passively controlling the temperature of a hand-held condiment dispenser, having a height greater than the depth of a temperature-controlled tray. In a first step of such a method, a thermally-conductive tube of any of the aforementioned shapes is placed inside a temperature-controlled food storage tray, which is also provided to a temperature-controlled food service counter as shown in
FIG. 12 . As described above, the thermally-conductive tube used in the process has a height greater than the dept of the tray. The tube also has an open top and an interior volume that will accept a hand-held condiment dispenser or other vessel. - In a second step, a condiment dispenser or other vessel is placed inside the open volume of the thermally-conductive tube, which is also referred to herein as a canister. Since the temperature through-out the interior of the canister, is at or near the temperature of the temperature-controlled tray, over time, the temperature of a vessel placed into the canister will eventually reach a temperature equal to or nearly equal to the temperature of the tray. As used herein, such a step is considered to be temperature equalization.
- In another step, which can take place before or after the second step, the temperature controlled food storage tray is covered and portions of the tube that extend above the open top of the tray are thermally-insulated by an insulating collar around the tube and which covers the tray. A condiment dispenser or other vessel can thereafter be provided more effective temperature control (heating or refrigeration) than would otherwise be possible by simply placing a dispenser or vessel into a temperature controlled tray, too shallow to properly heat or refrigerate the vessel. Finally, a food product, such as a sandwich, pizza or an ice cream can be served to a consumer from a food service counter, such as the one depicted in
FIG. 12 . - The foregoing description and various embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Claims (17)
1. A method of controlling the temperature of a vessel stored in a temperature-controlled tray, the temperature-controlled tray having a first height, the vessel having a second height greater than the first height, said method comprising the steps of:
placing a thermally-conductive metal tube into the temperature-controlled tray, the metal tube having a height greater than the first height and less than the second height, the tube also having an interior cross sectional shape and configured to stand substantially upright into the temperature-controlled tray;
placing a dispenser having an exterior shape into the metal tube;
wherein the interior cross sectional shape of the metal tube conforms to but is larger than the exterior shape of the dispenser; and
wherein the metal tube passively transfers heat between the dispenser in the metal tube and the temperature-controlled tray.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperature-controlled tray is a refrigerated tray and wherein the dispenser is a food dispenser.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperature-controlled tray is a heated tray and wherein the dispenser is a food dispenser.
4. The method of claim 1 , including the step of providing the temperature-controlled tray to a food service counter.
5. The method of claim 1 including the step of providing a thermally-conductive fin to the tube.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal tube has a bottom and wherein the tray has a bottom and wherein the step of placing the thermally-conductive metal tube into the tray includes placing the bottom of the metal tube in thermal contact with the bottom of the tray.
7. The method of claim 2 , further including the step of serving a food product from said food service counter.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dispenser is a condiment dispenser and wherein placing a condiment dispenser into the upright, thermally-conductive metal tube passively refrigerates the contents of the condiment dispenser.
9. The method of claim 2 , wherein the food service counter has a top surface, wherein the method further includes the step of providing an insulation layer to a portion of the metal tube above the top surface of the food service counter.
10. A method of controlling the temperature of a vessel stored in a temperature-controlled tray having a first height, the vessel having a second height greater than the first height, said method comprising the steps of:
placing a thermally-conductive metal tube into the temperature-controlled tray, the metal tube having a height greater than the first height but less than the second height, the metal tube also having an interior cross sectional shape;
providing a thermally insulating collar to a portion of the tube, the thermally insulating collar covering at least part of the temperature-controlled tray and insulating portions of the tube.
11. The method of claim 10 , further including the step of:
placing a dispenser having an exterior shape into the upright thermally-conductive metal tube;
wherein the interior cross sectional shape of the metal tube conforms to and is larger than the exterior shape of the condiment dispenser.
12. The method of claim 10 , including the step of providing the temperature-controlled tray to a food service counter.
13. The method of claim 10 including the step of providing a thermally-conductive fin to the metal tube.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the temperature-controlled tray has a bottom and wherein the step of placing the thermally-conductive metal tube into the temperature-controlled tray includes the step of placing the thermally-conductive tube such that it makes thermal contact with the bottom of the tray.
15. The method of claim 11 , further including the step of serving a food product from said food service counter.
16. The method of claim 11 , wherein placing a dispenser into the upright, thermally-conductive metal tube passively refrigerates the contents of the dispenser.
17. The method of claim 11 , wherein the food service counter has a top surface, wherein the method further includes the step of providing an insulation layer to a portion of the metal tube above the top surface of the food service counter.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US13/478,637 US20120251696A1 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2012-05-23 | Method of using a drop-in passive thermal insert for food service counters |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/329,795 US8381641B2 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2008-12-08 | Drop-in passive thermal insert for food service counters |
US13/478,637 US20120251696A1 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2012-05-23 | Method of using a drop-in passive thermal insert for food service counters |
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US12/329,795 Division US8381641B2 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2008-12-08 | Drop-in passive thermal insert for food service counters |
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US20120251696A1 true US20120251696A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
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US12/329,795 Expired - Fee Related US8381641B2 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2008-12-08 | Drop-in passive thermal insert for food service counters |
US13/478,637 Abandoned US20120251696A1 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2012-05-23 | Method of using a drop-in passive thermal insert for food service counters |
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US12/329,795 Expired - Fee Related US8381641B2 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2008-12-08 | Drop-in passive thermal insert for food service counters |
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US9599274B2 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2017-03-21 | Raytheon Company | Multi-stage thermal isolator for focal plane arrays and other devices |
US20140231050A1 (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2014-08-21 | Nutto LLC | Methods and Apparatus for Heating Breast Milk |
NL2014790B1 (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2017-01-26 | Aeh Concepts | A beverage preparation device. |
US10426292B2 (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2019-10-01 | The Vollrath Company, L.L.C. | Temperature regulation device |
US11399656B2 (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2022-08-02 | The Vollrath Company, L.L.C. | Temperature regulation device |
US20190344697A1 (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2019-11-14 | Cristos Stefos | Beverage warming assembly |
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US8381641B2 (en) | 2013-02-26 |
US20100139906A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
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