US20120215161A1 - Splittable Multiple Catheter Assembly - Google Patents
Splittable Multiple Catheter Assembly Download PDFInfo
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- US20120215161A1 US20120215161A1 US13/458,570 US201213458570A US2012215161A1 US 20120215161 A1 US20120215161 A1 US 20120215161A1 US 201213458570 A US201213458570 A US 201213458570A US 2012215161 A1 US2012215161 A1 US 2012215161A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/0021—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing
- A61M25/0023—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing by the form of the lumen, e.g. cross-section, variable diameter
- A61M25/0026—Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3653—Interfaces between patient blood circulation and extra-corporal blood circuit
- A61M1/3659—Cannulae pertaining to extracorporeal circulation
- A61M1/3661—Cannulae pertaining to extracorporeal circulation for haemodialysis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/0021—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing
- A61M25/0023—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing by the form of the lumen, e.g. cross-section, variable diameter
- A61M25/0026—Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements
- A61M25/0029—Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements characterized by features relating to least one lumen located at the middle part of the catheter, e.g. slots, flaps, valves, cuffs, apertures, notches, grooves or rapid exchange ports
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/0021—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing
- A61M25/0023—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing by the form of the lumen, e.g. cross-section, variable diameter
- A61M25/0026—Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements
- A61M25/003—Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements characterized by features relating to least one lumen located at the distal part of the catheter, e.g. filters, plugs or valves
- A61M2025/0031—Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements characterized by features relating to least one lumen located at the distal part of the catheter, e.g. filters, plugs or valves characterized by lumina for withdrawing or delivering, i.e. used for extracorporeal circuit treatment
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/0021—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing
- A61M25/0023—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing by the form of the lumen, e.g. cross-section, variable diameter
- A61M25/0026—Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements
- A61M2025/0034—Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements characterized by elements which are assembled, connected or fused, e.g. splittable tubes, outer sheaths creating lumina or separate cores
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/0021—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing
- A61M25/0023—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing by the form of the lumen, e.g. cross-section, variable diameter
- A61M25/0026—Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements
- A61M2025/0037—Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements characterized by lumina being arranged side-by-side
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/0021—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing
- A61M25/0023—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing by the form of the lumen, e.g. cross-section, variable diameter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/0194—Tunnelling catheters
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Pulmonology (AREA)
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- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
Abstract
A multiple catheter assembly including first and second catheters. The first catheter includes a first catheter outer surface defining a first lumen, a first distal end terminating in a first distal tip, and a first transition region. The second catheter includes a second catheter outer surface defining a second lumen, a second distal end terminating in a second distal tip, and a second transition region. At least a portion of each of the first and second catheters resides in a cannulating portion. The first and second transition regions of the first and second catheters transition cross sections of the first and second catheter outer surfaces at the first and second distal tips to cross sections of the first and second catheter outer surfaces in the cannulating portion. In exemplary embodiments, the portions of each of the first and second catheters in the cannulating portion are releasably bonded to one another.
Description
- This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/535,341, filed Aug. 4, 2009, which is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/974,267, filed Oct. 27, 2004, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,918,817, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/695,178, filed Oct. 28, 2008, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/423,002, filed Nov. 1, 2002, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/422,726, filed Oct. 31, 2002, the contents of which applications are incorporated herein by reference.
- The present invention relates to splittable multiple catheter assemblies typically used for hemodialysis.
- Catheters for the introduction or removal of fluids may be located in various venous locations and cavities throughout the body for introduction or removal of these fluids. Such catheterization may be performed by using a single catheter having multiple lumens. A typical example of a multiple lumen catheter is a dual lumen catheter assembly in which one lumen introduces fluid and the other lumen removes fluid. An example of such a dual lumen catheter assembly is the SPLIT CATH® catheter, manufactured and sold by Medical Components, Inc. of Harleysville, Pa.
- Generally, to insert any catheter into a blood vessel, the vessel is identified by aspiration with a long hollow needle in accordance with the well known Seldinger technique. When blood enters a syringe attached to the needle, indicating that the vessel has been found, a thin guide wire is then introduced, typically through a syringe needle or other introducer device into the interior of the vessel. The introducer device is then removed, leaving the guide wire within the vessel. The guide wire projects beyond the surface of the skin. At this point, several options are available to a surgeon for catheter placement. The simplest is to pass a catheter into the vessel directly over the guide wire. The guide wire is then removed, leaving the catheter in position within the vessel. However, this technique is only possible in cases where the catheter is of a relatively small diameter, made of a stiff material, and not significantly larger than the guide wire, for example, for insertion of small diameter dual lumen catheters. If the catheter to be inserted is significantly larger than the guide wire, a dilator device is passed over the guide wire to enlarge the hole. The dilator is removed and the catheter is then passed over the guide wire. After the catheter is inserted, the guide wire is removed.
- For chronic catheterization, in which a catheter is intended to remain inside a patient for extended period of time, such as for weeks or even months, it is typically desired to subcutaneously tunnel the catheter using various tunneling techniques. The catheter is typically tunneled into the patient prior to inserting the catheter into the patient's vein. At some point after tunneling, a hub of the catheter is sutured onto the patient's skin to secure the proximal end of the catheter to the patient.
- However, there may be times when it is more advantageous, such as depending on the patient or the implanting surgeon's skill, to perform the tunneling after the catheter is implanted in the patient. For some catheters, though, such as multiple lumen catheters with a hub and with bonded luers on the proximal ends of the catheters, it is impractical to perform the tunneling after the catheter is installed in the patient. It would be beneficial to provide a catheter assembly that provides a surgeon with alternative installation procedures that better suit either the patient's needs or the surgeon's skills.
- Further, for chronically installed catheters, portions of the catheter external to the patient occasionally fail, such as, for instance, by leaking and/or by the introduction of foreign particles such as dirt, bacteria, and the like into the catheter, necessitating removal of the entire catheter from the patient. Such failures include worn or broken clamps or broken luers. In order to correct these problems, it is presently necessary to remove the entire catheter from the patient, causing additional trauma to the patient and risking additional medical problems to the patient. It would be beneficial to provide a catheter in which the proximal portion of the catheter may be removed and replaced without disturbing the distal portion of the catheter inside the patient.
- Also, while catheter assemblies typically are manufactured in standard sizes, such as 12 French, 14, French, etc., patients come in many various shapes and sizes. Whereas a particular size catheter may be an optimum size for one patient, the surgeon may desire or require a different length of a subcutaneous tunnel for a different patient. However, the location of the catheter hub may dictate the length and/or location of the subcutaneous tunnel. It would be beneficial to provide a catheter assembly that has an adjustable location for a hub along the catheter assembly to provide a surgeon options for securing the catheter assembly to a patient.
- Briefly, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multiple catheter assembly. The assembly includes a first catheter constructed from a first material and having a first proximal end region, a first distal end region terminating in a first distal tip, and an outer surface defining at least a first lumen extending longitudinally therethrough between a first distal and a first proximal opening. The first proximal end region is integrally connected to an extension tube constructed from a second material. A second catheter is constructed from the first material and has a second proximal end region, a second distal end region terminating in a second distal tip, and a second outer surface defining at least a second lumen extending longitudinally therethrough between a second distal and a second proximal opening. The second proximal end region is integrally connected to an extension tube constructed from the second material. The first lumen and the second lumens are independent from each other for facilitating simultaneous flow in opposite directions. The outer surfaces of the first and second catheters are releasably joined for allowing the first and second distal tips to be at least partially longitudinally split from each other.
- In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for inserting a multiple catheter assembly into an area of a body to be catheterized. The method comprises: making an incision near the area to be catheterized; and providing a multiple catheter assembly comprising a first catheter constructed from a first material and having a first proximal end region, a first distal end region terminating in a first distal tip, and an outer surface defining at least a first lumen extending longitudinally therethrough between a first distal and a first proximal opening. The first proximal end region is integrally connected to an extension tube constructed from a second material. The catheter also comprises a second catheter constructed from the first material and having a second proximal end region, a second distal end region terminating in a second distal tip, and a second outer surface defining at least a second lumen extending longitudinally therethrough between a second distal and a second proximal opening. The second proximal end region is integrally connected to an extension tube constructed from the second material. The first lumen and the second lumens are independent from each other for facilitating simultaneous flow in opposite directions. The outer surfaces of the first and second catheters are releasably joined for allowing the first and second distal tips to be at least partially longitudinally split from each other. The method further comprises at least partially separating the first and second distal end regions of the first and second catheters from each other; and inserting the first and second distal end regions of the first and second catheters in juxtaposed relation to each other through the incision and into the area to be catheterized.
- In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multiple catheter assembly comprising a first catheter constructed from a first material and has a first proximal end region, a first distal end region terminating in a first distal tip, and an outer surface defining at least a first lumen extending longitudinally therethrough between a first distal and a first proximal opening. The first lumen has a first cross-sectional shape and the first distal opening has a second cross-sectional shape. A first extension tube is integrally connected to the first proximal end region, wherein the first extension tube constructed from a second material. A first connector is releasably connected to a proximal end of the first extension tube. A second catheter is constructed from the first material and has a second proximal end region, a second distal end region terminating in a second distal tip, and a second outer surface defining at least a second lumen extending longitudinally therethrough between a second distal and a second proximal opening. The second lumen has the first cross-sectional shape and the second distal opening has a third cross-sectional shape. The second catheter is bonded to the first catheter along a length. A second extension tube is integrally connected to the second proximal end region, wherein the second extension tube is constructed from the second material. A second connector is releasably connected to a proximal end of the second extension tube. A fabric cuff is attachable to the first and second catheters at a position along the length. The first lumen and the second lumens are independent from each other for facilitating simultaneous flow in opposite directions.
- In accordance with still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multiple catheter assembly comprising a first catheter constructed from a first material and having a first proximal end region, a first distal end region terminating in a first distal tip, and an outer surface defining at least a first lumen extending longitudinally therethrough between a first distal and a first proximal opening. The first lumen has a first cross-sectional shape and the first distal opening has a second cross-sectional shape. A first extension tube is fixedly connected to the first proximal end region, wherein the first extension tube constructed from a second material. A first connector is connected to a proximal end of the first extension tube. A second catheter is constructed from the first material and has a second proximal end region, a second distal end region terminating in a second distal tip, and a second outer surface defining at least a second lumen extending longitudinally therethrough between a second distal and a second proximal opening. The second lumen has the first cross-sectional shape and the second distal opening has a third cross-sectional shape. The second catheter is bonded to the first catheter along a length. A second extension tube is fixedly connected to the second proximal end region, wherein the second extension tube is constructed from the second material. A second connector is connected to a proximal end of the second extension tube. A fabric cuff is attachable to the first and second catheters at a position along the length. The first lumen and the second lumens are independent from each other for facilitating simultaneous flow in opposite directions.
- In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multiple catheter assembly comprising a first catheter constructed from a first material and having a first proximal end region, a first distal end region terminating in a first distal tip, and an outer surface defining at least a first lumen extending longitudinally therethrough between a first distal and a first proximal opening. The first lumen has a first cross-sectional shape and the first distal opening has a second cross-sectional shape. The catheter assembly also includes a second catheter constructed from the first material and having a second proximal end region, a second distal end region terminating in a second distal tip, and a second outer surface defining at least a second lumen extending longitudinally therethrough between a second distal and a second proximal opening. The second lumen has the first cross-sectional shape and the second distal opening has a third cross-sectional shape. The second catheter is bonded to the first catheter along a length. The first lumen and the second lumens are independent from each other for facilitating simultaneous flow in opposite directions. The first and second distal end regions are releasably joined for allowing the first and second distal end regions to be at least partially longitudinally split from each other.
- Reference to the drawings illustrating various views of exemplary embodiments of the present invention is now made. In the drawings and the description of the drawings herein, certain terminology is used for convenience only and is not to be taken as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. The terms, “distal” and “proximal,” refer, respectively, to directions away from and closer to the surgeon inserting any of the multiple catheter assemblies described herein into a patient. Furthermore, in the drawings and the description below, like numerals indicate like elements throughout. In the drawings:
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FIG. 1 illustrates a top plan view of a multiple catheter assembly comprising a pair of catheters connected to a pair of extension tube assemblies, respectively, and to one another via a catheter hub, each of the catheters comprising a lumen ending at a distal end of its respective catheter, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 illustrates a cross section of the catheters and the lumens of the multiple catheter assembly ofFIG. 1 , the cross section taken along a line 2-2 illustrated inFIG. 1 , in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 3 illustrates a cross section of the distal ends of the catheters and the lumens of the multiple catheter assembly ofFIG. 1 , the cross section taken along a line 3-3 illustrated inFIG. 1 , in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 4 illustrates a view of the distal ends of the of the catheters of the multiple catheter assembly ofFIG. 1 from a line 4-4 illustrated inFIG. 1 , in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 5 illustrates a top plan view of the catheter hub of the multiple catheter assembly ofFIG. 1 , the catheter hub shown in an open position, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 6 illustrates a side view of the hub ofFIG. 5 , in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 7 illustrates a top plan view of the catheters of the multiple catheter assembly ofFIG. 1 , in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 8 illustrates a cross section of the catheters illustrated inFIG. 7 , the cross section taken along a line 8-8 illustratedFIG. 7 , in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 9 illustrates an exploded view of one of the extension tube assemblies illustrated inFIG. 1 , in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 10 illustrates a partially broken-away diagrammatic view of a multiple catheter assembly comprising a pair of catheters which have been partially split apart from one another and inserted into an area to be catheterized according to an exemplary method of inserting the multiple catheter assembly, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 11 illustrates a partially broken-away diagrammatic view of the multiple catheter assembly ofFIG. 10 showing a proximal portion of the multiple catheter assembly having been subcutaneously tunneled according to an exemplary method of inserting the multiple catheter assembly, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 12 illustrates is a partially broken-away diagrammatic view of the multiple catheter assembly ofFIG. 10 showing a hub and extension tube assemblies connected to proximal portions of the multiple catheter assembly according to an exemplary method of inserting the multiple catheter assembly, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 13 illustrates a perspective view of a catheter tunneler used to pull proximal ends of the catheters of the multiple catheter assembly ofFIG. 10 through the subcutaneous tunnel shown inFIG. 11 according to an exemplary method of inserting the multiple catheter assembly, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 14 illustrates a top plan view of another exemplary embodiment of a multiple catheter assembly comprising arterial and venous catheters, each comprising a lumen, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 14 a illustrates a perspective view of distal ends of the catheters of the multiple catheter assembly ofFIG. 14 , in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 15 illustrates a cross section of the lumens of the catheters of the multiple catheter assembly ofFIG. 14 , the cross section taken along a line 15-15 illustratedFIG. 14 , in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 16 illustrates a top plan view of a distal end of the arterial catheter of the multiple catheter assembly ofFIG. 14 , the top plan view also showing a cross section of the lumen of the arterial catheter in dashed lines, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 17 illustrates a side view of the distal end of the arterial catheter from a line 17-17 illustrated inFIG. 16 , in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 18 illustrates an exploded side view of an exemplary embodiment of a luer connector for a proximal end of each of the catheters of the multiple catheter assembly ofFIG. 14 , in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 18 a illustrates a side view, partially in section, of the luer connector ofFIG. 18 connected to the proximal end of one of the catheters of the multiple catheter assembly ofFIG. 14 , in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 19 illustrates a top plan view of a distal end of the venous catheter of the multiple catheter assembly ofFIG. 14 , the top plan view also showing a cross section of the lumen of the venous catheter in dashed lines, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 20 illustrates a side view of the distal end of the venous catheter from a line 20-20 illustrated inFIG. 19 , in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 21 illustrates a side elevational view of still another exemplary embodiment of a multiple catheter assembly comprising a pair of catheters, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 22 illustrates a cross section of the catheters of the multiple catheter assembly ofFIG. 21 , the cross section taken along a line 22-22 illustrated inFIG. 21 , in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and -
FIG. 23 illustrates a view of distal ends of the catheters of the multiple catheter assembly ofFIG. 21 from a line 23-23 illustrated inFIG. 21 , in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. - In the drawings, like numerals indicate like elements throughout. Certain terminology is used herein for convenience only and is not to be taken as a limitation on the present invention. The terms “distal” and “proximal” refer, respectively, to the directions “away from” and “closer to” the surgeon inserting the catheter into a patient. The terminology includes the words above specifically mentioned, derivatives thereof, and words of similar import.
- The following describes exemplary embodiments of the present invention. However, it should be understood, based on this disclosure, that the invention is not limited by the exemplary embodiments described herein. Referring now to the drawings in detail, there is shown in
FIG. 1 an embodiment of a multiple catheter assembly, generally indicated as 100, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Themultiple catheter assembly 100 shown inFIG. 1 is a double catheter assembly, although assemblies having two or more catheters are within the scope of this invention. - The exemplary embodiments of multiple catheter assemblies, as shown and described in this disclosure, may be used for the removal of blood from a blood vessel, such as the internal jugular vein, for purification and for the introduction of purified blood into the same vessel. However, it will be known to those skilled in the art that the exemplary embodiments of multiple catheter assemblies shown and described herein may be used to introduce or remove various fluids in various areas to be catheterized.
- The
multiple catheter assembly 100 includes a cannulatingportion 102 defined by anouter surface 104. Themultiple catheter assembly 100 further includes afirst catheter 110 at least partially releasably joined to asecond catheter 130. Thefirst catheter 110 includes a firstproximal end region 112 and a firstdistal end region 114 having a firstdistal tip 116. The firstdistal tip 116 has a firstdistal opening 118. Thefirst catheter 110 also has a firstouter surface 120 defining afirst lumen 122. Thefirst lumen 122 fluidly communicates with the firstdistal opening 118. Thesecond catheter 130 includes a secondproximal end region 132 and a seconddistal end region 134 having a seconddistal tip 136. The seconddistal tip 136 has a seconddistal opening 138. Thesecond catheter 130 also has a secondouter surface 140 defining asecond lumen 142. Thesecond lumen 142 fluidly communicates with the seconddistal opening 138. Preferably, the firstdistal tip 116 ends approximately 2.5 cm proximate of the seconddistal tip 136. Thefirst catheter 110 is preferably an arterial catheter used to draw fluid, such as blood, from the patient, while thesecond catheter 130 is preferably a venous catheter used to return the fluid to the patient after processing, such as by hemodialysis. The approximate 2.5 cm distance difference between the firstdistal tip 116 and the seconddistal tip 136 serves to reduce recirculation of the fluid that has already been processed. - As shown in
FIG. 2 , in the cannulatingportion 102 of themultiple catheter assembly 100, each of thefirst catheter 110 and thesecond catheter 130 comprisesemicircular cross sections outer surface 120 is defined by a first generallyflat portion 124 and a firstrounded wall portion 125. Likewise, the secondouter surface 140 is defined by a second generallyflat portion 144 and a secondrounded wall portion 145. Preferably, the first generallyflat portion 124 and the second generallyflat portion 144 are juxtaposed from each other and are very close to each other, but do not necessarily touch each other. It is also preferable that the firstouter surface 120 and the secondouter surface 140 are virtually identical to each other so that, when the first generallyflat portion 124 is very close to the second generallyflat portion 144, theouter surface 104 of the cannulatingportion 102 has a generallycircular cross section 106. It should be understood, based on this disclosure, that thefirst catheter 110 and thesecond catheter 130 may be further subdivided and/or additional catheter tubes of the same or varied cross-sectional configuration may be provided within the scope of the invention. - The
multiple catheter assembly 100 includes asplittable bond 180, which extends longitudinally between and joins the first generallyflat portion 124 and the second generallyflat portion 144. Thesplittable bond 180 may be an adhesive used to releasably connect the first generallyflat portion 124 and the second generallyflat portion 144. - While the generally
semi-circular cross sections first catheter 110 and thesecond catheter 130, respectively, as shown inFIG. 2 corresponding to the cannulatingportion 102 of themultiple catheter assembly 100 is an exemplary configuration for fluid flow in each of thefirst lumen 122 andsecond lumen 142, other configurations may be used without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such as, for example, oval, circular, elliptical, square, triangular, and kidney-bean shaped. A multiple catheter assembly having such luminal configurations may have an accordingly varied cross section. Thefirst lumen 122 andsecond lumen 142 may be of equal cross-sectional or of different cross-sectional areas. - While two
lumens FIGS. 2-4 , additional catheters having lumens of the same or different cross-sectional areas may also be included in themultiple catheter assembly 100. For example, amultiple catheter assembly 100 used for hemodialysis may comprise two catheters of equal cross-sectional area for the removal and return of blood and a third catheter with a smaller cross-sectional area to be used for the infusion of medication into a patient. In such an embodiment, it may be preferable to have the catheters connected by more than one splittable bond. The cannulating portion of a catheter assembly with such a configuration may also not be circular in cross section. - It is also possible to subdivide the
various catheter lumens assembly 100 by providing at least one longitudinally extending septum within a lumen. In this manner, by having a longitudinally extending septum, a dual catheter assembly can provide three or more individual lumens by splitting an individual catheter(s). These and all of the alternative tube configurations are intended to be merely exemplary and illustrative, and by no means is this an inclusive list. It will be understood that the present invention is not limited to the configurations shown or mentioned in this specification or shown in the drawings. - Referring back to
FIG. 1 , thedistal tip 116 of thefirst catheter 110 includes the firstdistal opening 118 extending therethrough. Likewise thedistal tip 136 of thesecond catheter 130 includes the seconddistal opening 138 extending therethrough. Preferably, thedistal tips portion 102. Thedistal tips FIGS. 3 and 4 , thedistal tips oval cross section 117 and a second distal generallyoval cross section 137. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that thedistal tips FIG. 1 , in an exemplary embodiment, thedistal end regions distal transition portion catheters semi-circular cross sections distal transition portion oval cross sections distal transition portion side apertures 194 are located throughout the firstdistal end region 114 and the seconddistal end region 134. Specifically, in an exemplary embodiment, the plurality ofside apertures 194 is located in theouter surfaces second catheters distal transition portions distal transition portions side apertures 194 of thefirst catheter 110 are in fluid communication with thefirst lumen 122, and theside apertures 194 of thesecond catheter 130 are in fluid communication with thesecond lumen 142. - Still referring to
FIG. 1 , a longitudinallytranslatable hub 150 is releasably connected to theproximal regions second catheters exemplary hub 150 is disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/691,331, filed on Oct. 22, 2003, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety as though fully set forth, although those skilled in the art will recognize that other hub designs may be used, or that thehub 150 may be omitted in its entirety. Thehub 150, as shown inFIGS. 1 , 5, and 6, is operable between an open position and a closed position and has adistal end 152 and aproximal end 154. Thehub 150 is designed to allow both of thecatheters multiple catheter assembly 100 to enter thedistal end 152 of thehub 150 together. Adistal channel 155 runs longitudinally through thehub 150 to house thecatheters hub 150, thedistal channel 155 branches out, from the singledistal channel 155, near thedistal end 152 of thehub 150, to a firstproximal channel 158 and a secondproximal channel 159 near theproximal end 154 of thehub 150. Each of the first proximal and secondproximal channels individual catheters distal channel 155. In the present embodiment, as shown inFIGS. 1 , 5, and 6, thedistal end 152 of thehub 150 is designed to juxtapose thefirst catheter 110 andsecond catheter 130 against each other and theproximal end 154 of thehub 150 is designed to separate thefirst catheter 110 from thesecond catheter 130. Thehub 150 may also be slid longitudinally along themultiple catheter assembly 100. Thedistal channel 155 and the first and secondproximal channels hub 150 may frictionally maintain its place on themultiple catheter assembly 100. - Referring to
FIGS. 5 and 6 , thehub 150 comprises atop hub portion 160 and abottom hub portion 162. The top andbottom hub portions hinge 151 at theproximal end 154 of thehub 150. Thehinge 151 is located between the firstproximal channel 158 and the secondproximal channel 159. Thetop hub portion 160 is adapted to mate to thebottom hub portion 162 when thehub 150 is in a closed position. Thedistal channel 155 and the first and secondproximal channels inner face 164 of thetop hub portion 160 as well as on aninner face 166 of thebottom hub portion 162 so that, when thehub 150 is in the closed position, theinner face 164 of thetop hub portion 160 mates with theinner face 166 of thebottom hub portion 162 and the distal and first and secondproximal channel hub 150. Thehub 150 releasably locks in the closed position. Thetop hub portion 160 includestabs 172, which snap intorecesses 174 in thebottom hub portion 162. Thetabs 172 and recesses 174, as well as raisedbumps 176 on thebottom hub portion 162, which mate tosmall indentations 178 on thetop hub portion 160, ensure the rigidity of thehub 150 when in the closed position. Although a snapping tab and recess mechanism are disclosed herein, this invention anticipates a wide array of means for releasably locking thetop hub portion 160 and thebottom hub portion 162 in the closed position. - The
hub 150 is releasably attachable to a patient. Thehub 150 includes a plurality ofsuture wings 156 protruding therefrom, which may be releasably attached to a patient. Thesuture wings 156 protrude from thehub 150 on either side of thedistal channel 155, as shown inFIG. 5 . Foursuture wings 156 are positioned on thetop hub portion 160 and thebottom hub portion 162 such that when thehub 150 is in the closed position, the foursuture wings 156 align to form twosuture wing assemblies 157, shown inFIG. 1 . In the present embodiment, thesuture wing assemblies 157 are adjacent to thetabs 172 and recesses 174, but they may be located anywhere on thehub 150. With thesuture wing assemblies 157 located in a position away from thehinge 158, they can be used to assist in securing thehub 150 in the closed position. Furthermore, this invention anticipates other means for releasably attaching ahub 150 to a patient. Further, while twosuture wing assemblies 157 are shown inFIG. 1 , those skilled in the art will recognize that more or less than twosuture wing assemblies 157 may be used. - Referring now to
FIG. 7 , which shows thecatheters splittable bond 180 releasably connects thefirst catheter 110 to thesecond catheter 130 in the cannulatingportion 102 thereof. Thesplittable bond 180 includes adistal end 184 and aproximal end 182, either or both of which may be split to allow theproximal end regions distal end regions first catheter 110 andsecond catheter 130, respectively, to be manipulated independently of each other. - The
splittable bond 180 performs multiple functions. First, thesplittable bond 180 joins thefirst catheter 110 and thesecond catheter 130 so that thefirst catheter 110 andsecond catheter 130 may be easily manipulated together, particularly along the section of thefirst catheter 110 andsecond catheter 130 where thesplittable bond 180 is unbroken. If thesplittable bond 180 is intact, thefirst catheter 110 and thesecond catheter 130 may be manipulated as a single catheter. Second, thesplittable bond 180 allows thefirst catheter 110 and thesecond catheter 130 to be at least partially longitudinally split apart from each other without damaging theouter surface 120 of thefirst catheter 110 or theouter surface 140 of thesecond catheter 130. Splitting thedistal end 184 of thesplittable bond 180 allows independent movement of the firstdistal end region 114 and the seconddistal end region 134 in the vessel or other area to be catheterized. Conversely, splitting theproximal end 182 of thesplittable bond 180 allows independent movement of the firstproximal end region 112 and the secondproximal end region 132. Such independent movement allows for longitudinal translation of the hub 150 (not shown inFIG. 7 ) along a length of thecatheter assembly 100. Thesplittable bond 180 is constructed to split easily when thefirst catheter 110 and thesecond catheter 130 are forcibly pulled apart from each other. It is desirable, as shown inFIG. 2 , that thesplittable bond 180 has a cross-sectional width “w” at its thinnest point, which is a very small fraction of the outer diameter of themultiple catheter assembly 100 to facilitate easy tearing. - The
splittable bond 180 may also be constructed of a material, such as an adhesive, that will tear before the forces exerted in theouter surfaces first catheter 110 or thesecond catheter 130 reach a level that will cause damage thereto. However, thesplittable bond 180 should be sufficiently strong to resist tearing during normal handling of themultiple catheter assembly 100. Thesplittable bond 180 has a cross-sectional length “1” which is also a small fraction of the outer diameter of themultiple catheter assembly 100. The cross-sectional length “1” of thesplittable bond 180 also defines the distance between the first generallyflat surface 124 and the second generallyflat surface 144. The cross-sectional length “1” of thesplittable bond 180 is preferably small enough to maintain an overall generallycircular cross section 104, and to facilitate handling of theunseparated cannulating portion 102 of themultiple catheter assembly 100. - Referring back to
FIG. 7 , theproximal end regions second catheters first transition portion 186 and asecond transition portion 188, respectively. Thesetransition portions second catheters first transition portion 186, thefirst catheter 110 has a generallysemi-circular cross section 128, as shown inFIG. 2 , whereas proximally of thefirst transition portion 186, thefirst catheter 110 has a generallycircular cross section 126, as shown inFIG. 8 . Similarly, distally of thesecond transition portion 188, thesecond catheter 130 has a generallysemi-circular cross section 148, whereas proximally of thesecond transition portion 188, thesecond catheter 130 has a generallycircular cross section 146. Thefirst transition portion 186 and thesecond transition portion 188 are located in the very near proximity of theproximal end 182 of thesplittable bond 180. The first generallyflat surface 124 and second generallyflat surface 144, that are joined by thesplittable bond 180, each end at thefirst transition portion 186 andsecond transition portion 188, respectively. - Referring back to
FIG. 1 , a firstextension tube assembly 113 and a secondextension tube assembly 133 are attached to a firstproximal end 111 of thefirst catheter 110 and the secondproximal end 131 of thesecond catheter 130, respectively. For illustrative purposes, the firstextension tube assembly 113 is shown in an exploded view inFIG. 9 . While an exploded view of the secondextension tube assembly 133 is not shown, those skilled in the art will recognize that the secondextension tube assembly 133 includes the same components as the firstextension tube assembly 113. - Each
extension tube assembly extension tube 196, aluer connector 198 connected to a proximal end of eachextension tube 196, and a male threadedconnector portion 200 connected to a distal end of eachextension tube 196. Aclamp 202, such as a Roberts clamp, or some other suitable clamp known to those skilled in the art, is disposed over eachextension tube 196 between eachluer connector 198 and each male threadedconnector portion 200. Eachclamp 202 is operable between an open condition that allows fluid flow through eachrespective extension tube 196 and a closed condition that precludes fluid flow through eachrespective extension tube 196. - An
extension tube connector 204 extends from each male threadedconnector portion 200. Eachextension tube connector 204 is sized to be inserted into theproximal end first catheter 110 and thesecond catheter 130, respectively. Abarb 205 may extend from thetube connector 204 to retain theproximal end second lumens barb 205 may be used, or that thebarb 205 may be omitted in its entirety. Acompression fitting 206 is disposed over the exterior of eachcatheter extension tube connector 204. A female threadedconnector portion 208 is disposed over each compression fitting 206 and is threadingly connected to each respective male threadedconnector portion 200, securing eachextension tube assembly respective catheter lumen extension tube assemblies respective catheter lumen - Referring back to
FIG. 1 , afabric cuff 125 is disposed on a portion of the exterior of thecatheters proximal end regions distal end regions catheters catheter cuff 125 are inserted into the patient through an incision during catheterization, and the portion of thecatheters catheter assembly 100, remain exterior to the incision. Thecuff 125 provides a surface for the patient's skin to graft to thecatheter assembly 100. Preferably, thecuff 125 is constructed from DACRON® or some other, suitable biocompatible fabric. - Preferably, the first and
second catheters second catheters - Other suitable, preferred biocompatible elastomers for use in forming the
catheters catheters catheters catheters - In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cannulating
portion 102 of theassembly 100 is fabricated by a single extrusion process, injection molding process, or blow molding process. One fabrication process is extrusion. In such a process, thesplittable bond 180 may be formed using the same material as thecatheters catheter bond 180 are individually formed, and then joined by suitable manufacturing techniques to become a unitary product. In this alternative process, thebond 180 may be formed of the same or different material than thecatheters - A preferred method of insertion of the
catheter assembly 100 is shown graphically inFIGS. 10 through 12 . Thecatheter assembly 100 is devoid of thehub 150 and theextension tube assemblies catheter assembly 100 appears as shown inFIG. 7 . Referring now toFIG. 10 , anincision 18 is initially made near aninsertion site 20 which is to be aspirated with a syringe or other introducer apparatus near or proximate the area to be catheterized 21 on thepatient 14. If thecatheter assembly 100 is used for hemodialysis and the area to be catheterized 21 is the internaljugular vein 22, theincision 18 is made in the clavicular triangle region, as shown for example, inFIG. 10 . The exact location of theincision 18 may be varied by the surgeon. In accordance with the Seldinger technique, a narrow needle is inserted through theincision 18 and into thevein 22, and thevein 22 is aspirated. A guide wire (not shown) is then passed through the needle, or other introducer, and the needle is removed. A dilator (not shown) and a tearable sheath are introduced over the guide wire and partially into thevein 22. Once the sheath is in place, the dilator and the guide wire are removed, leaving the sheath in place. Theinsertion site 18 is now ready to accept thecatheter assembly 100. - Prior to insertion, the
catheter assembly 100 is split along thesplittable bond 180 from thedistal tip 116 of thefirst catheter 110 by a longitudinal distance which is at least long enough to allow free flow through allside apertures 194. Preferably, thebond 180 is split along a length of thecatheters ingrowth cuff 125. Preferably, thecatheters distal end regions catheters FIG. 1 prior to insertion, which facilitates splitting of thesplittable bond 180. While the user does not have to split the entire length of thebond 180, it is preferred that thebond 180 be fully split for allowing independent movement of thedistal end regions catheters - After splitting, the
distal end regions second catheters distal end regions area 12 in thevein 22, as shown inFIG. 10 . The sheath is then removed in the conventional manner, leaving thedistal end regions second catheters area 12. As shown inFIG. 10 , at least a portion of thedistal end regions catheters area 12. - Referring to
FIG. 11 , the proximal portions of thecatheters subcutaneous tunnel 24 in asubcutaneous area 16 of thebody 14, using various tunneling techniques. In one preferred technique, theproximal end regions catheters tunnel 24 from the end of thetunnel 24 proximate to theincision 18, while forming thetunnel 24 using a trocar or other tunneling tool, leaving theproximal end regions tunnel 24, with the proximal ends 111, 131 extending beyond thetunnel 24. - A
catheter tunneling adapter 210, preferably similar to the catheter tunneling adapter shown inFIG. 13 and disclosed in U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/447,086, filed Feb. 13, 2003 or U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/491,034, filed Jul. 30, 2003, is releasably connected to the proximal ends 111, 131 of thecatheters extension 211 extending from afirst end 212 of thetunneling adapter 210 is inserted into each of the proximal ends 111, 131 of thecatheters trocar 214 is connected to asecond end 216 of theadapter 210. Thetrocar 214, theadapter 210, andcatheters subcutaneous tunnel 24 made by thepointed end 218 of thetrocar 214. Once thecatheters subcutaneous tunnel 24, and after theadapter 210 andtrocar 214 have been removed, thecatheters FIG. 11 . Theingrowth cuff 125 is disposed within thesubcutaneous tunnel 24. Over time, skin tissue forming the wall of thesubcutaneous tunnel 24 will grow into theingrowth cuff 125, securing thecatheters subcutaneous tunnel 24. - After the
catheter assembly 100 is inserted as shown inFIG. 11 , theincision 18 is closed and the cannulatingportion 102 of theassembly 100 is substantially below the skin of the patient. Next, theextension tube assemblies second catheters - Regarding the first
extension tube assembly 113, the first female threadedconnector portion 208 is first slid over the exterior of theproximal end 111 of thefirst catheter 110. Next, the first compression fitting 206 is slid over the exterior of theproximal end 111 of thefirst catheter 110. Then, the firstextension tube connector 204 is inserted into theproximal end 111 of thefirst lumen 122. The first female threadedconnector portion 208 is threadingly connected to the first male threadedconnector portion 200, such that thecompression fitting 206 and theproximal end 111 of thefirst catheter 110 are securely retained between the first female threadedconnector portion 208 and the firstextension tube connector 204. The process is repeated for connecting the secondextension tube assembly 133 to thesecond catheter 130. - To further ensure that the proximal
catheter end regions subcutaneous area 16 of thebody 14, thehub 150 is secured to theassembly 100 by placing thecatheters bottom hub portion 162 such that thefirst transition portion 186 is disposed in the firstproximal channel 158 and thesecond transition portion 188 is disposed in the secondproximal channel 159, with a portion of the first andsecond catheters second transition portions distal channel 155. Thetop hub portion 160 is pivoted about thehinge 151 to the closed position such that thetabs 172 on thetop hub 160 portion snap into therecesses 174 in thebottom hub portion 162, securing thehub 150 to thecatheters hub 150 may now be sutured to the patient's skin by suturing the sutures (not shown) over thesuture wing assemblies 157. Insertion of thecatheter assembly 100 is now complete, as shown inFIG. 12 . - Lastly, the open ends of the
luer connectors 198, extending caudally from thetunnel 24, are attached in fluid communication with respective fluid inlets and outlets of a hemodialysis unit, or other fluid transfer equipment (not shown), and dialysis can begin. - After the
catheter assembly 100 has been inserted into the patient for sufficient time for theingrowth cuff 125 to become secured within thesubcutaneous tunnel 24, the sutures may be cut from thesuture wing assemblies 157. Thehub 150 may be removed by unsnapping thetabs 172 in thetop hub portion 160 from therecesses 174 in thebottom hub portion 162, pivoting thetop hub portion 160 about thehinge 151 to open thehub 150, and removing thehub 150 from the rest of thecatheter assembly 100. - In an alternative insertion method, the
catheters subcutaneous tunnel 24 prior to inserting thedistal end regions catheters catheter tunneling adapter 210 is connected to thedistal end regions catheters pointed end 218 of thetrocar 214 is used to form thesubcutaneous tunnel 24 and to pull thecatheters tunnel 24. Thepointed end 218 of thetrocar 214 exits the skin proximate to theinsertion site 20. Thetrocar 214 and thecatheter tunneling adapter 210 are removed and the distal ends 214, 234 of thecatheters incision 18 as described above. The extension tube assembles 113, 133 may be connected to the proximal ends 111, 131 of thecatheters catheters - An alternate exemplary embodiment of a multiple catheter assembly, generally designated as 300, is shown in
FIG. 14 , in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Thecatheter assembly 300 is preferably similar to thecatheter assembly 100 as described above, but with additional or different features as are described below. - The
catheter assembly 300 includes first andsecond catheters first catheter 310 is referred to as an arterial catheter and is used to draw fluid from a patient's body. Also preferably, thesecond catheter 340 is referred to as a venous catheter and is used to return or to administer fluid to the patient's body. - The bonded portions of each of the
first catheter 310 and thesecond catheter 340 each have a generally “D-shaped” cross section, as shown inFIG. 15 . Thefirst catheter 310 includes afirst lumen 311 that extends therethrough. As seen inFIG. 15 , a cross section of thefirst lumen 311 is preferably generally “D-shaped” as well, although those skilled in the art will recognize that the cross section of thefirst lumen 311 may be other shapes, such as round, oval, kidney-shaped, or other suitable shape. - Referring to
FIGS. 16 and 17 , thefirst catheter 310 includes adistal end 312 having adistal tip 314. At thedistal end 312, the cross section of the exterior of each of thefirst catheter 310 and thefirst lumen 311 changes from a D-shape to an oval shape, with the cross section of thedistal tip 314 also being oval shaped. It is desirable that thedistal tip 314 is oval to provide a larger flow area, which allows higher flow at lower pressure. Further, the oval shape aids in the manufacture of thefirst catheter 310, since thedistal tip 314 can be inserted into a tipping mold without the need to insert a rod the entire length of thefirst lumen 311. The rod only needs to be inserted from thedistal end 312 for a distance necessary to shape thedistal tip 314 into the oval shape. Additionally, it is believed that the oval shape may be less prone to clotting in between uses. - A
distal tip opening 316 is formed at thedistal tip 314 to fluidly communicate between thefirst lumen 311 and the exterior of thefirst catheter 310. Thedistal tip 314 is preferably radiused between thefirst lumen 311 and the exterior of thefirst catheter 310 to prevent injury to a blood vessel during insertion of thecatheter assembly 300 into a patient. - A plurality of
side openings 318 are formed in the wall of thedistal end 312. Preferably, theside openings 318 are longitudinally and helically spaced along thedistal end 312. Theside openings 318 allow for fluid flow through thefirst lumen 311 in the event that thedistal tip 314 clogs due to clotting, or gets sucked against the wall of the vessel into which thecatheter assembly 300 is inserted. Preferably, theside openings 318 are generally circular, although those skilled in the art will recognize that theopenings 318 may be oval or other shapes as well. - Referring to
FIG. 14 , aproximal end 320 of thefirst catheter 310 has a cross section that changes from the “D-shape” to a generally circular shape. Also, the cross section of thefirst lumen 311 changes from the “D-shape” to a circular shape. Theproximal end 320 of thefirst catheter 310 ends in afirst extension tube 322 that is molded to theproximal end 320 of thefirst catheter 310. Thefirst extension tube 322 is preferably constructed from a thermoplastic urethane elastomer, such as PELLETHANE®, or some other suitable material. Afirst clamp 323 is disposed over thefirst extension tube 322. Preferably, thefirst clamp 323 is a Roberts clamp, or another suitable clamp known to those skilled in the art. - A
proximal end 324 of thefirst extension tube 322 includes a luer fitting 326 that is connected to thefirst extension tube 322. The luer fitting 326 includesexternal threads 328 to threadingly connected to an external blood line (not shown), as well as atapered passage 329 that provides fluid communication between thefirst extension tube 322 and the external blood line. The luer fitting 326 may be fixedly connected to theproximal end 324 of thefirst extension tube 322, such as by an adhesive or a solvent, or an alternative luer fitting 426, such as the luer fitting 426 shown inFIG. 18 that may be releasably connected to theproximal end 324 of thefirst extension tube 322. - The luer fitting 426 includes a
proximal portion 428 and adistal portion 430 that is threadingly connected to theproximal portion 428. Theproximal portion 428 includes acannula 432 that is sized to be inserted into theproximal end 324 of thefirst extension tube 322. Theproximal portion 428 also includesmale threads 434 that are disposed proximal of thecannula 432. Thedistal portion 430 includesfemale threads 436 that threadingly engage with themale threads 434 of theproximal portion 428. - As can be seen from
FIG. 18 a,distal portion 430 of the luer fitting 426 is disposed over theproximal end 324 of thefirst extension tube 322. Thecannula 432 is next inserted into theproximal end 324 of thefirst extension tube 322 and thedistal portion 430 of the luer fitting 426 is slid proximally along thefirst extension tube 322 so that the male andfemale threads first extension tube 322 and theproximal end 320 through a subcutaneous tunnel during catheter insertion. The insertable luer fitting 426 may also be used to repair thecatheter assembly 300, such as to replace a cracked or broken luer fitting 326 or to repair a cracked orbroken extension tube 322. - Referring back to
FIG. 14 , thesecond catheter 340 is similar to thefirst catheter 310, but is longer in length at adistal end 342 than thedistal end 312 of thefirst catheter 310. Thesecond catheter 340 includes asecond lumen 341 that extends therethrough, shown inFIGS. 19 and 20 . - As seen in
FIG. 15 , a cross section of thesecond lumen 341 is preferably generally “D-shaped” as well, although those skilled in the art will recognize that the cross section of thesecond lumen 341 may be other shapes, such as round, oval, kidney-shaped, or other suitable shape. Thesecond catheter 340 has a generally D-shaped body, with the flat part of the “D” being juxtaposed against the flat part of the “D” of thefirst catheter 310. - Referring to
FIGS. 19 and 20 , thesecond catheter 340 includes adistal end 342 having adistal tip 344. In thedistal end 342, the cross section of the exterior of each of thesecond catheter 340 and thesecond lumen 341 changes from a D-shape to a circular shape, with the cross section of thedistal tip 344 also being circular shaped. It is desirable that thedistal tip 344 is circular to provide a smaller leading area during catheter insertion, since thesecond catheter 340 extends distally of thefirst catheter 310. This smaller leading area acts as a wedge as thecatheter assembly 300 is inserted into a blood vessel, which increases the mechanical advantage of thesecond catheter 340 as thesecond catheter 340 is inserted into the vessel. - A
distal tip opening 346 is formed at thedistal tip 344 to fluidly communicate between thesecond lumen 341 and the exterior of thesecond catheter 340. Thedistal tip 344 is preferably radiused between thesecond lumen 341 and the exterior of thesecond catheter 340 to prevent injury to a blood vessel during insertion of thecatheter assembly 300 into a patient. Additionally, during insertion, a stylet (not shown) may be inserted through thesecond catheter 340 to provide added rigidity to thesecond catheter 340. The circulardistal tip opening 346 provides minimal slack between the stylet and the interior of thesecond catheter 340 as opposed to an oval opening, which may deform due to excessive space between the stylet and the interior of thesecond catheter 340. In an exemplary embodiment, the roundeddistal tip 344 extends for approximately one (1) centimeter, which it is believed helps maintain the rigidity of thedistal tip 344 during insertion. - A plurality of
side openings 348 are formed in the wall of thedistal end 342. Preferably, theside openings 348 are longitudinally and helically spaced along thedistal end 342. Theside openings 348 allow for fluid flow through thesecond lumen 341 in the event that thedistal tip 344 clogs due to clotting, or gets sucked against the wall of the vessel into which thecatheter assembly 300 is inserted. Preferably, theside openings 348 are generally circular, although those skilled in the art will recognize that theopenings 348 may be oval or other shapes as well. Optionally, a mostproximal side opening 349, along the flattened “D” side, may be oval, as shown inFIG. 19 , in order to accommodate a guide wire to pass therethrough in a guide wire weave technique that will be explained in greater detail later herein. - Referring to
FIG. 14 , aproximal end 350 of thesecond catheter 340 has a cross section that changes from a “D-shape” to a generally circular shape. Also, the cross section of thesecond lumen 341 changes from the “D-shape” to a circular shape. Theproximal end 350 of thesecond catheter 340 ends in asecond extension tube 352 that is molded to theproximal end 350 of thesecond catheter 340. Thesecond extension tube 352 is preferably constructed from a thermoplastic urethane elastomer, such as PELLETHANE®, or some other suitable material. Asecond clamp 353 is disposed over thesecond extension tube 352. Preferably, thesecond clamp 353 is a Roberts clamp, or another suitable clamp known to those skilled in the art. - A
proximal end 354 of thesecond extension tube 352 includes a luer fitting 326, which is preferably identical to the luer fitting 326 on thefirst extension tube 322. Alternatively, the luer fitting 426 may be releasably connected to theproximal end 354 of thesecond extension tube 352. - A catheter ingrowth cuff 360 is applied by the user to the exterior of the
multiple catheter assembly 300 along the portion of thecatheter assembly 300 that includes the first andsecond catheters catheter assembly 300 in a location as determined by the inserting physician. After the desired location for attaching the cuff 360 is located, the cuff 360 is wrapped around the exterior of the catheter assembly. As shown inFIG. 14 , the cuff 360 is disposed along the exterior of the first andsecond lumens second lumens - The
catheter assembly 300 may also include thehub 150 that is described above, with thehub 150 being releasably connected to thecatheter assembly 300. - The
catheter assembly 300 can be inserted into the patient in one of several insertion methods. For thecatheter assembly 300 with theluer fittings 326 fixedly connected to each of the first andsecond extension tubes luer fittings 426 are used, thecatheter assembly 300 may be inserted into a blood vessel for a short term, without the need for thesubcutaneous tunnel 16, or long term, where thesubcutaneous tunnel 16 is preferred. - For long term use with the
subcutaneous tunnel 16, if theluer fittings 326 are used on thecatheter assembly 300, the catheter assembly must first be tunneled prior to inserting thecatheter assembly 300 into the vessel being catheterized. However, if theluer fittings 426 are used, thecatheter assembly 300 may first be inserted into the vein to be catheterized, and the proximal end of thecatheter assembly 300, without theluer fittings 426, may then be retrograde tunneled through thetunnel 16. After thecatheter assembly 300 has been tunneled, theluer fittings 426 are connected to theextension tubes - Regarding the insertion of the
catheter assembly 300 into a vessel to be catheterized, theincision 18 is made as described above with respect to thecatheter assembly 100. The guide wire (not shown) is inserted into the internaljugular vein 22 as described above. The distal ends 312, 342 of thecatheters bond 180 between thecatheters - One method of inserting the
catheter assembly 300 into the vessel by using a guide wire is to use a guide wire weave technique. In this technique, the proximal end of the guide wire is inserted into the distal tip opening 346 in thedistal tip 344 of thesecond catheter 340. The guide wire is advanced and drawn out of thesecond catheter 340 through theoval side opening 349. The guide wire is then advanced into the distal tip opening 316 in thedistal tip 314 of thefirst catheter 310, and advanced through thefirst lumen 311 to exit at theproximal end 324 of thefirst extension tube 322. Thecatheter assembly 300 is then advanced into the internal jugular vein 22 a desired distance. When thecatheter assembly 300 is inserted the desired distance, the guide wire is removed by pulling the guide wire proximally from thecatheter assembly 300. Optionally, thehub 150 may be connected to thecatheter assembly 300 as described above with respect to thecatheter assembly 100. Thehub 150 is sutured to the patient's skin to secure thecatheter assembly 300 to the patient. - Alternatively, instead of using the guide wire weave technique as described above, a stylet may be inserted into the
proximal end 354 of thesecond extension tube 352 and inserted distally through thefirst lumen 311 and out thedistal tip 344. The proximal end of the guide wire is inserted into the distal end of the stylet and the stylet with thecatheter assembly 300 is slid over the guide wire and into the internaljugular vein 22. After thecatheter assembly 300 is inserted a desired distance, the guide wire and the stylet are removed from thecatheter assembly 300. Thehub 150 may be connected to thecatheter assembly 300 as described above with respect to thecatheter assembly 100. Thehub 150 is sutured to the patient's skin to secure thecatheter assembly 300 to the patient. - Alternatively, the dilator and tearable sheath as described above with respect to the
catheter assembly 100 may be used to insert thecatheter assembly 300 into thejugular vein 22. - An alternate embodiment of a
catheter assembly 400 according to the present invention is shown inFIGS. 21-23 . Preferably, thecatheter assembly 400 is similar to the catheter disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,947,953 to Ash et al. and U.S. Pat. No. 6,190,349, also to Ash et al. which are both incorporated herein in their entireties by reference. However, as shown inFIG. 22 , while first andsecond catheters 410, 440 each have a generally “D-shaped” cross section,distal tips second catheter FIG. 23 . - Additionally, a
catheter retaining cuff 460 may be fixedly connected to the exterior of thecatheters catheter retaining cuff 460 may be selectively fixable to the exterior of thecatheters catheters hub 450 and a split location where the distal ends 412, 432 of the first andsecond catheters - It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes could be made to the embodiments described above without departing from the broad inventive concept thereof. It is understood, therefore, that this invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but it is intended to cover modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (20)
1. A multiple catheter assembly, comprising:
a first catheter comprising a first proximal end, a first lumen extending through the first catheter, and a first distal end terminating in a first distal tip, at least a portion of the first catheter residing in a cannulating portion, the first catheter further comprising a first catheter outer surface defining at least the first lumen extending through the first catheter, the first catheter outer surface further defining a cross section at the first distal tip and a cross section in the cannulating portion, the first lumen defining a cross section at the first distal tip and a cross section in the cannulating portion, the first distal end comprising a first transition region transitioning the first catheter outer surface from the cross section defined by the first catheter outer surface at the first distal tip to the cross section defined by the first catheter outer surface in the cannulating portion, the first transition region further transitioning the first lumen from the cross section defined by the first lumen at the first distal tip to the cross section defined by the first lumen in the cannulating portion; and
a second catheter comprising a second proximal end, a second lumen extending through the second catheter, and a second distal end terminating in a second distal tip, at least a portion of the second catheter residing in the cannulating portion, the second catheter further comprising a second catheter outer surface defining at least the second lumen extending through the second catheter, the second catheter outer surface further defining a cross section at the second distal tip and a cross section in the cannulating portion, the second lumen defining a cross section at the second distal tip and a cross section in the cannulating portion, the second distal end comprising a second transition region transitioning the second catheter outer surface from the cross section defined by the second catheter outer surface at the second distal tip to the cross section defined by the second catheter outer surface in the cannulating portion, the second transition region further transitioning the second lumen from the cross section defined by the second lumen at the second distal tip to the cross section defined by the second lumen in the cannulating portion,
wherein the first and second lumens are independent from each other for facilitating simultaneous flow in opposite directions.
2. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 1 , wherein a first portion of the first catheter is releasably joined to a second portion of the second catheter by a splittable bond for allowing the first and second catheters to be at least partially longitudinally split from each other.
3. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 2 , wherein:
the first catheter outer surface comprises a first generally flat portion, and
the second catheter outer surface comprises a second generally flat portion.
4. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 3 , wherein a portion of first generally flat portion is bonded to a portion of the second generally flat portion to form a unitary catheter and the splittable bond.
5. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 2 , wherein the cross section defined by the first lumen at the first distal tip is different from the cross section defined by the second lumen at the second distal tip.
6. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 2 , wherein the cross section defined by the first lumen at the first distal tip comprises an oval shape and the cross section defined by the second lumen at the second distal tip comprises a circular shape.
7. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 6 , wherein:
the cross section defined by the first lumen in the cannulating portion comprises a D-shape,
the cross section defined by the second lumen in the cannulating portion comprises a D-shape,
the first transition region transitions the oval shape of the cross section defined by the first lumen at the first distal tip to the D-shape of the cross section defined by the first lumen in the cannulating portion, and
the second transition region transitions the circular shape of the cross section defined by the second lumen at the second distal tip to the D-shape of the cross section defined by the second lumen in the cannulating portion.
8. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 2 , wherein the second catheter further comprises a side opening for insertion of a guide member through the second lumen, out the side opening, and into the second lumen, the side opening disposed in a region of the second catheter outer surface of the second catheter between the first and second distal tips.
9. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 8 , wherein the side opening is disposed in a most proximal portion of the second transition region.
10. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 9 , wherein the side opening is elongated in a direction parallel to a longitudinal axis of the second catheter.
11. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 2 , wherein the cross section defined by the first catheter outer surface at the first distal tip is different from the cross section defined by the second catheter outer surface at the second distal tip.
12. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 2 , wherein the first and second catheter outer surfaces form a unitary catheter in which the cannulating portion comprises an outer surface comprising a circular cross section.
13. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 12 , wherein a shape of the circular cross section of the outer surface is the same as a shape as the cross section defined by the second catheter outer surface at the second distal tip.
14. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 2 , wherein a distal length of the first catheter is shorter than a distal length of the second catheter.
15. A multiple catheter assembly, comprising:
a first catheter comprising a first proximal end, a first lumen extending through the first catheter, and a first distal end terminating in a first distal tip, at least a portion of the first catheter residing in a cannulating portion, the first catheter further comprising a first catheter outer surface defining at least the first lumen extending through the first catheter, the first catheter outer surface further defining a cross section at the first distal tip and a cross section in the cannulating portion, the first lumen defining a cross section at the first distal tip and a cross section in the cannulating portion, the first distal end comprising a first transition region transitioning the first catheter outer surface from the cross section defined by the first catheter outer surface at the first distal tip to the cross section defined by the first catheter outer surface in the cannulating portion, the first transition region further transitioning the first lumen from the cross section defined by the first lumen at the first distal tip to the cross section defined by the first lumen in the cannulating portion;
a second catheter comprising a second proximal end, a second lumen extending through the second catheter, and a second distal end terminating in a second distal tip, at least a portion of the second catheter residing in the cannulating portion, the second catheter further comprising a second catheter outer surface defining at least the second lumen extending through the second catheter, the second catheter outer surface further defining a cross section at the second distal tip and a cross section in the cannulating portion, the second lumen defining a cross section at the second distal tip and a cross section in the cannulating portion, the second distal end comprising a second transition region transitioning the second catheter outer surface from the cross section defined by the second catheter outer surface at the second distal tip to the cross section defined by the second catheter outer surface in the cannulating portion, the second transition region further transitioning the second lumen from the cross section defined by the second lumen at the second distal tip to the cross section defined by the second lumen in the cannulating portion;
a first extension tube assembly releasably connected to the first proximal end of the first catheter, the first extension tube assembly comprising a first extension tube; and
a second extension tube assembly releasably connected to the second proximal end of the second catheter, the second extension tube assembly comprising a second extension tube,
wherein the first and second lumens are independent from each other for facilitating simultaneous flow in opposite directions.
16. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 15 , wherein:
the first extension tube assembly further comprises a first clamp disposed on the first extension tube for selectively occluding the first extension tube, and
the second extension tube assembly further comprises a second clamp disposed on the second extension tube for selectively occluding the second extension tube.
17. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 15 , further comprising:
a first luer connector connected to the first proximal end of the first catheter; and
a second luer connector connected to the second proximal end of the second catheter, wherein:
the first extension tube assembly further comprises a luer connector for releasably connecting the first extension tube assembly to the first proximal end of the first catheter by releasably connecting to the first luer connector connected to the first proximal end of the first catheter, and
the second extension tube assembly further comprises a luer connector for releasably connecting the second extension tube assembly to the second proximal end of the second catheter by releasably connecting to the second luer connector connected to the second proximal end of the second catheter.
18. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 15 , wherein a first portion of the first catheter is releasably joined to a second portion of the second catheter by a splittable bond for allowing the first and second catheters to be at least partially longitudinally split from each other.
19. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 18 , wherein:
the first catheter outer surface comprises a first generally flat portion, and
the second catheter outer surface comprises a second generally flat portion.
20. The multiple catheter assembly of claim 19 , wherein a portion of first generally flat portion is bonded to a portion of the second generally flat portion to form a unitary catheter and the splittable bond.
Priority Applications (1)
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US13/458,570 US20120215161A1 (en) | 2002-10-31 | 2012-04-27 | Splittable Multiple Catheter Assembly |
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US42272602P | 2002-10-31 | 2002-10-31 | |
US42300202P | 2002-11-01 | 2002-11-01 | |
US10/695,178 US8246600B2 (en) | 2002-10-31 | 2003-10-28 | Multiple catheter assembly |
US10/974,267 US7918817B2 (en) | 2002-10-31 | 2004-10-27 | Splittable multiple catheter assembly |
US12/535,341 US8206354B2 (en) | 2002-10-31 | 2009-08-04 | Method for inserting a catheter |
US13/458,570 US20120215161A1 (en) | 2002-10-31 | 2012-04-27 | Splittable Multiple Catheter Assembly |
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US13/458,570 Abandoned US20120215161A1 (en) | 2002-10-31 | 2012-04-27 | Splittable Multiple Catheter Assembly |
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Also Published As
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US7918817B2 (en) | 2011-04-05 |
US8206354B2 (en) | 2012-06-26 |
US20050096585A1 (en) | 2005-05-05 |
US20090292248A1 (en) | 2009-11-26 |
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